Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1606, at the age of eight, he accompanied his father to Rome, where he participated in several major projects [14].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

There, the talented boy was noticed by artist Annibale Carracci and Pope Paul V, and soon he found a patron, Cardinal Nephew Scipione Borghese.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's first works were inspired by classical sculpture from Ancient Greece and Rome.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

First works for Cardinal Borghese


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Under the patronage of the rich and powerful Cardinal Borghese, young Bernini quickly became a prominent sculptor.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

His early works for the cardinal include a sculpture for the garden of Villa Borghese “” and several allegorical busts, including “The Cursed Soul” and “Blessed Soul”.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

By the age of twenty-two, Bernini was already considered talented enough to instruct him to depict the Pope himself; he is now in the Getty Museum.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, Bernini's reputation was finally established after four masterpieces created between 1619 and 1625 and now on display at the Borghese Gallery in Rome.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Art critic Rudolf Wittcover noted that these four works — Aeneas, Anhiz and Askanius (1619), The Abduction of Proserpina (1621—1622), Apollo and Daphne (1622—1625) and “” (1623—1624) — “opened a new era in history of European culture” [15].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This view is shared by other scientists [16].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

By combining the classical splendor of Renaissance sculptures with the dynamic energy of the Mannerist period, Bernini created a new concept for religious and historical sculptures filled with dramatic realism. exciting emotions and dynamic stage composition.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's early sculptural groups and portraits are a manifesto of “the power of the human body in motion and technical perfection, with which only the greatest masters of antiquity can compete” [17].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Unlike those made by his predecessors, Bernini's sculptures focus on certain moments of narrative tension in the stories they try to tell: Aeneas's family leaving the burning Troy; the moment when Pluto finally grabs the fleeing Persephone; the moment when Apollo sees his beloved Daphne begin to turn into a tree.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

These are all fleeting but most dramatic moments in every story.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's David is another example of this.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Unlike Michelangelo's motionless idealized David, depicted with a sling in one hand and a stone in the other, waiting for battle, or similar versions of other Renaissance masters, including Donatello, who depict David in triumph after the fight with Goliath, Bernini shows David in the midst of battle, preparing to throw a stone at the giant.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

To emphasize these points and make sure that the audience will appreciate them, Bernini designed a specific viewpoint for each sculpture.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

At Villa Borghese, the sculptures were arranged in such a way that the viewer's first glance came at the most dramatic moment [18] [19].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The result of this approach was a great psychological charge put into the sculptures, so that viewers could understand the state of the characters and better understand the story told by the work: Daphne's mouth , open in fear and amazement; David focused, biting his lip decisively; Proserpina, desperately trying to free himself.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In addition to psychological realism, the author paid much attention to physical details.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Pluto's tousled hair, Proserpina's pliable flesh, and the leaves that begin to cover Daphne all demonstrate how enthusiastically and accurately Bernini transferred the real forms into marble [20] [21].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Papal painter


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1623, after the accession of Cardinal Maffeo Barberini to the papal throne as Pope Urban VIII, Bernini acquired the almost exclusive patronage of the Barberini family, which led to a sharp expanding the master's horizons.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Now he not only sculpted sculptures for private residences, but also played a very significant role on a city scale as a sculptor, architect and urban planner [22].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This is also evidenced by his official positions — “curator of the papal art collection, director of the papal foundry at Sant'Angelo Castle, head of the fountains in Piazza Navona” [23].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

These posts gave Bernini the opportunity to showcase his versatile talents throughout the city.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Much to the displeasure of more eminent architects, after Carlo Maderno's death in 1629, Bernini was appointed chief architect of St. Peter's Basilica and his work and artistic vision fell into the symbolic heart of Rome.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

was the centerpiece of his ambitious plan to decorate the recently completed but not yet decorated St. Peter's Basilica.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The massive gilded bronze ciborium above St. Peter's tomb, supported by four columns, rose almost 30 meters above the ground and cost about 200,000 scudi (approximately $8 million for beginning of the XXI century) [24].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

As one art critic noted, “no one has ever seen anything like this before” [25].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After the canopy, Bernini undertook a full-scale decoration of the massive pillars in the center of the cathedral that support the dome.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This included the creation of four colossal statues in pillar niches, including Saint Longinis by Bernini himself (the other three are by Francois Duquenois, Francesco Mochi and Andrea Bolgi, Bernini's student).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini also began work on the tomb of Urban VIII, completed only after Urban's death in 1644, one of the long and remarkable series of tombs and tombstones known for Bernini and who was often copied by subsequent masters due to Bernini's strong influence on this genre.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Despite his busy architectural career, Bernini continued to create works of art that testify to the improvement of his portrait technique and ability to convey personal characteristics he saw in his models.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Among the works of that period, it is worth mentioning the busts of Pope Urban VIII, the bust of Francesco Barberini and especially the second of which was sculpted by Bernini when the marble of the former was flawed [26].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The fleeting expression of Scipione's facial expression is often noted by art critics, as an example of a characteristic attempt to convey movement in statics characteristic of the Baroque era.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

According to Rudolf Wittcover, “it feels that in the blink of an eye, not only the posture and expression can change, but also the folds of the robe” [26].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Speaking of marble portraits, it is impossible not to mention the unusual passion behind it (in fact, this is the first marble image of a non-aristocrat in European history made by a famous master).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini had an affair with Constanza, the wife of one of his assistants.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

When Bernini suspected her of having an affair with his brother, he severely beat him and sent a servant to cut her face with a razor.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

A scandal broke out, but Pope Urban VIII intervened, and Bernini escaped with a fine [27].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Since the mid-1630s, Bernini gained fame in Europe as one of the most skillful masters of marble portrait and began to receive orders from outside Rome, for example, from Cardinal Richelieu, Francesco I d'Este, King Charles I of England and Henriette Maria of France.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini sculpted the sculpture of Charles I in Italy from a triple portrait of the king by Van Dyck, although he preferred to work with living models.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The bust of Charles I was lost in the Whitehall fire in 1698 and is now known only from drawings and copies, and the image of Henrietta was never created due to the outbreak of the English Revolution [28].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Under Innocent X


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1636, Pope Urban VIII, in a hurry to finish the exterior of St. Peter's Basilica, ordered Bernini, the chief architect of the cathedral, to build two long-conceived bell towers on the facade.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The foundations for them were made under Carlo Maderno (architect of the nave and facade) a decade earlier.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After the first tower was built in 1641, cracks began to appear on the facade, but, oddly enough, work on the second tower continued and the first tier was built.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Despite the cracks, the work was stopped only in July 1642, due to the financial difficulties experienced by the Holy See due to the Castro War.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After Urban's death in 1644 and the accession to the throne of Innocent X of the Pamphili family, enemies of the Barberini family, Bernini's opponents (especially Borromini) fanned a great hype about the cracks, predicting the destruction of the entire cathedral and blaming Bernini.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The study showed that the cause was defects in the foundations of the towers designed by Maderno, and Bernini was not to blame for the incident.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This was confirmed by a later investigation undertaken in 1680, during the reign of Pope Innocent XI [29].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, Bernini's reputation was seriously undermined, and in February 1646, his opponents convinced the Pope to order the demolition of the towers, which caused Bernini great humiliation and serious financial damage.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After this failure, one of the few in his career, he recovered: according to his son, Domenico, his unfinished statue of that period “” was conceived as a self-comforting comment on what happened, expressing his belief that Time would reveal the Truth about this story and fully justify it, as it finally happened.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, Bernini partially retained patronage, even papal.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Innocent X left Bernini all the posts to which Urban appointed him.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Under Bernini's leadership, work continued on decorating the nave of St. Peter's Basilica, which included a complex multicolored marble floor, marble cladding of walls and pilasters, as well as many stucco statues and reliefs.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Pope Alexander VII once joked: “If you take everything Bernini's Cavalier did out of the cathedral, only bare walls will remain there.”


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Indeed, after all Bernini's work in the cathedral for several decades, he is the one who has the lion's share of responsibility for the emotional and aesthetic impact of the cathedral.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

[30] He was also allowed to continue work on the tomb of Urban VIII, despite Innocent's dislike for the Barberini family [31].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

A few months later, Bernini, under controversial circumstances, secured a prestigious order from Pamphili for the construction of the Four Rivers Fountain in Piazza Navona, drawing a line under his shame and starting a new glorious a chapter in my life.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

If there were any doubts about Bernini's artistic talent, the success of the Four Rivers Fountain finally dispelled them.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini continued to receive orders from high-ranking representatives of the Roman aristocracy and clergy, as well as from outside Rome, for example, from Francesco d'Este, Duke of Modena.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Under these conditions, Bernini's talent has reached its true heyday.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

He developed new types of burial monuments, such as the floating medallion at the memorial to nun Maria Raggi in the Church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The Raimondi Chapel in the Church of San Pietro in Montorio showed how Bernini could use hidden lights to depict divine intervention in his sculptural narratives.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The Cornaro Chapel in Santa Maria della Vittoria was an example of Bernini's ability to combine sculpture, architecture, frescoes, stucco molding and lighting into a “wonderful whole” (bel composto, in the words of Filippo Balducini, one of Bernini's early biographers) and create what Irving Levine called “the unity of the fine arts”.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The central point of the chapel is a sculptural group depicting the ecstasy of the Spanish nun Teresa of Avila [32].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini presents the viewer with a bright picture made in shiny white marble: Theresa frozen and an angel with a serene smile, carefully directing an arrow at the heart of the saint.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

On both sides of the sculpture there are a kind of theater boxes, with relief images of members of the Cornaro family, the Venetian family in whose honor the chapel was built, including Cardinal Federico Cornaro, who ordered Bernini's chapel — immersed in conversation with each other, presumably about the event taking place before them.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The result was a complex but finely organized environment that provides a sublime spiritual environment for maximum transmission to the viewer of the feeling of a wonderful event [33].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This was a manifestation of the artist's artistic power, combining the various forms of fine art at Bernini's disposal, including hidden lighting, gilded rays, architectural perspective, secret lenses and more than twenty different types of colored marble: all this is combined in one work — “a perfect, impressive, integral ensemble that touches deep feelings” [34].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Improvement of Rome under Alexander VII


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After becoming Pope, Alexander VII embarked on his extremely ambitious plan to turn Rome into a magnificent world capital through a systematic, decisive (and expensive) urban landscaping.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Thus, he contributed to the process of gradually recreating the glory of Rome — the renovatio Romae — begun in the 15th century by the popes of the Renaissance.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Alexander immediately instructed to carry out large-scale architectural changes in the city, in particular, to connect new and existing buildings with streets and squares.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

During his pontificate, Bernini's activities focused on designing buildings (and their immediate surroundings), as there were more opportunities there.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Among Bernini's works at that time, it is impossible not to mention St. Peter's Square.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In a wide disordered space, he built two massive semicircular colonnades, each row of which consists of four white columns.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

As a result, an oval-shaped arena was formed, where citizens, visitors to the city and pilgrims could witness the Pope's public appearance — in the loggia on the facade of St. Peter's Basilica or on the balconies neighboring Vatican palaces.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Often compared to the two arms with which the cathedral covers the crowd, Bernini's creation expanded the symbolic greatness of the Vatican, creating “exciting expanse” and becoming, from an architectural point of view, “undoubted success.”


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

[35] [36] [37]


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini made changes that have survived to this day in other areas of the Vatican.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Peter's pulpit was reconstructed into a monumental bronze structure and began to match the splendor of St. Peter's canopy built in the cathedral earlier.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's reconstruction (Royal Stairs) of the staircase connecting St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican Palace in 1663-66 was not so conspicuous, but it was a real challenge to art Bernini, which he overcame with his usual ingenuity and foresight [38].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Not all Bernini's works of that period were so large-scale.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The order from the Jesuits for the construction of the church of Sant'Andrea al Quirinale was relatively small both in size and in terms of payment.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Sant'Andrea, like St. Peter's Square — unlike Bernini's rival Francesco Borromini's complex geometric tricks — focuses on simple geometric shapes, circles and ovals, creating a spiritually rich atmosphere [39].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini also moderated the amount of color and decoration in the building, focusing the audience on simplicity.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The sculptural decoration is also minimal.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In addition, during this period, he studied the church of Santa Maria del Assunzione in Ariccia, with round domes and a three-arch portico [40].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

A trip to France


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In April 1665, being the most prominent artist in Rome, if not all of Europe, Bernini, under pressure from Pope Alexander VII and the French royal court, went to Paris to work on the order Louis XIV, who needed an architect to complete his work at the Louvre.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini stayed in Paris for about six months.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Louis appointed one of his courtiers, Paul de Chantelout, as an escort and interpreter.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

He kept a detailed diary about Bernini's stay in Paris, which reflected most of Bernini's actions and statements.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's popularity was so great that crowds literally gathered on the streets during his walks.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, it soon went bad.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

[42] Bernini presented several versions of the design of the eastern facade (the most important facade of the palace) of the Louvre.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

All of them were soon rejected.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Scholars are often of the opinion that the sketches were rejected due to the fact that Louis and his financial adviser Jean-Baptiste Colbert considered them too Italian and too Baroque [43].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, Franco Mormando points out that “aesthetics were never mentioned in any of the... surviving notes” by Colbert and other court advisers.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The reasons for the refusal were extremely utilitarian, namely physical safety and convenience (for example, the location of latrines) [44].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Other projects have suffered the same fate [45].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

With the exception of Chantelout, Bernini never made friends in France.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

His constant negative comments about various aspects of French culture, especially art and architecture, caused a lot of discontent, especially when combined with numerous praise for Italian ( especially Roman) art and architecture; for example, he said that Guido Reni's painting is worth more than the whole of Paris [46].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The only work left from his short stay in Paris is a bust of Louis XIV.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Returning to Rome, Bernini sculpted a monumental equestrian statue of Louis XIV when it finally came to Paris (in 1685, after the author's death), the French king found it disgusting and even wanted destroyed; instead, it was converted into an image of the ancient Roman hero Marcus Curtius [47].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Recent years


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After returning from Paris, Bernini, commissioned by Alexander VII, worked on the decoration of the Chigi Chapel (Alexander's family chapel) in the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo, in particular, sculpted statues of the prophets Avvakum and Daniel.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1668, Bernini completed the equestrian statue of Constantine the Great, which began in 1654.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The statue is installed in a niche on the stairs of the Rock of Regge and depicts the moment of divine vision revealed to the emperor, after which he won an important victory and stopped the persecution of Christianity [48].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The last major work of the master, completed before his death, was the tomb of Pope Alexander VII in St. Peter's Basilica.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The sculptural group includes Alexander kneeling, four female figures depicting the virtues characteristic of the deceased during his lifetime, and Death with an hourglass in his hands [49].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

According to E.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Panofsky, this monument became the pinnacle of European funerary art, whose creative ingenuity subsequent masters could not even hope to surpass [50].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Death


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini died in Rome in 1680 and was buried with his parents in the family tomb in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Personal life


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In the late 1630s, Bernini had an affair with a married lady named Constanta, the wife of one of his assistants, Matteo Bonucelli (Bonarelli).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In the midst of the novel, Bernini even sculpted a marble bust of his chosen one (Bargello Museum, Florence).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

She later had an affair with his younger brother, who was Bernini's closest assistant in the workshop.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Upon learning of this, Bernini became furious, chased his brother through the streets of Rome, intending to kill him, and sent a servant to cut Constanza's face with a razor.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The servant was imprisoned, and Constanta was also imprisoned for adultery [51].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini married only in May 1639, when at the age of 41 he contracted a twenty-two-year-old Roman Caterina Tezio.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

She gave birth to him eleven children, including Domenico Bernini, who became his father's first biographer [52].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Architecture


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's works in the field of architecture include church and secular buildings, as well as urban improvement works [53].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

He improved existing buildings and designed new ones.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

His most famous works are the colonnade in front of St. Peter's Basilica, the interior of the cathedral and St. Peter's Square.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

His works in the field of secular architecture include many Roman palaces: after the death of Carlo Maderno Bernini, he took over the construction of Palazzo Barberini in 1630; Palazzo Ludovisi (now Palazzo Ludovisi Montecitorio, started in 1650); and Palazzo Chigi (now Palazzo Chigi Odescalchi, began in 1664).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

His first architectural projects were the renovation of the Church of Santa Bibiana (1624—1626) and the canopy of St. Peter (1624—1633), and a bronze canopy above the altar in St. Peter's Basilica.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1629, even before the completion of work on the canopy, Bernini, by order of Pope Urban VIII, led all the architectural work in the cathedral.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, with the accession to the throne of Pope Innocent X from the Pamphili family, Bernini fell out of favor: one reason was the Pope's hostility to the environment of the previous pope from the Barberini family.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Another reason was the incident with the bell towers erected for St. Peter's Basilica during the reign of Urban.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The finished northern tower and the unfinished southern tower were demolished in 1646 by order of Pope Innocent - their excessive massiveness caused cracks in the facade of the cathedral and threatened more extensive damage.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Opinions about who should be accused were divided (in particular, Bernini's rival, Francesco Borromini, spread a very extreme point of view about Bernini's guilt in every possible way).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

An official papal investigation in 1680 finally rehabilitated Bernini, putting all the blame on Carlo Maderno, who laid the insufficient foundations for the towers [54].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

After the death of Innocent in 1655 and the accession to the throne of Alexander VII, Bernini regained his leading role in decorating the cathedral and began work on St. Peter's Square.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In addition, Bernini's significant works for the Vatican include Scala Reggia (1663—1666), a monumental staircase leading to the Vatican Palace and St. Peter's See, a sculptural composition in the apse of St. Peter's Basilica, in addition to the Holy Communion Chapel in the nave.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini was mainly engaged in existing churches, but he designed several churches from scratch.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The most famous is the small but richly decorated oval church of Sant'Andrea al Quirinale (started in 1658), built for the Jesuits, one of the few creations that, according to Bernini's son, Domenico, my father was really happy [55].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini also designed churches in Castel Gandolfo (San Tommaso da Villanova, 1658—1661) and Ariccia (Santa Maria del Assunzion, 1662—1664).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1639, Bernini bought real estate in Rome at the corner of via della Mercedes and via di Propaganda.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

He renovated and expanded the palazzo that existed there, now houses 11 and 12 on via della Mercedes (sometimes called Bernini's Palazzo, but this name refers more to the Bernini family house on Via del Corso, where they moved in the XVIII century).


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

It was noted how annoyed Bernini was when he saw from the windows of his house the construction of the church of Sant'Andrea delle Fratte under the leadership of his rival Borromini, as well as the demolition of the chapel of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples (built by Bernini) and replaced by a chapel by Borromini [56].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Roman fountains


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Among Bernini's creations, mention should be made of his fountains, such as the Triton Fountain and the Bee Fountain [57].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The Four Rivers Fountain in Piazza Navona is a masterpiece of entertainment and political allegory.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

You can often hear the story that Bernini deliberately sculpted one of the river gods looking disapprovingly at the nearby church of Sant'Agnese in Agone, the facade of which was designed Francesco Borromini, Bernini's eternal rival.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This, of course, is a mistake, the fountain was built several years before the completion of the work on the facade.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini is also the author of the Moor sculpture for (1653) at Piazza Navona.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Other works


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1665, Pope Alexander VII, having discovered an ancient Egyptian obelisk in the Church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva, decided to install it in front of the church on Minerva Square and entrusted Bernini with the work.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 1667, the monument was unveiled, and the base of the obelisk was a sculptural image of an elephant designed by Bernini.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The inscription on the pedestal mentions Isis, Minerva and the fact that everything that belonged to them now belongs to the Virgin Mary, to whom the church nearby is dedicated [58].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The statue itself was made by Bernini's student Ercole Ferrata.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

A popular legend says that on close observation, you can see that the elephant is smiling, the tail is pushed aside, and the muscles of the hind legs are tense, as if it was about to defecate.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Meanwhile, the elephant's ass is directed precisely at the headquarters of the Dominican Order and the duty station of Father Giuseppe Paglia, one of Bernini's main ill-wishers, and thus the sculpture is allegedly sort of the last word in the conflict.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, Franco Mormando notes that this is just one of the many legends around Bernini and strongly rejects the very possibility of real grounds under it [59].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Along with other small orders, in 1677, together with E.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini's Ferrata sculpted a fountain for the Lisbon palace of the Portuguese family de Ericeira.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Copying his earlier fountains, Bernini used Neptune and four newts around the perimeter in the composition.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The fountain has survived to this day, since 1945 it has been installed in the garden of the Queluz Palace near Lisbon [60].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In the 1620s, encouraged by Pope Urban VIII, who wanted to entrust him with the painting of the Loggia of Blessings in St. Peter's Basilica, Bernini began to seriously develop and improve his skills as artist.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Probably, he received his initial knowledge from his father, also an artist, and then studied in the studio of the Florentine artist Cigoli.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

According to early biographers, Bernini finished at least 150 canvases, most of them in the period 1620—1630, but only about 35-40 surviving paintings can be confidently attributed to his works.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

For the most part, these are close-up faces — including some wonderful self-portraits — made in a free pictorial manner reminiscent of his contemporary Velazquez, dark contrasting flowers on a simple background.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The only reliably dated work is the image of the Apostles Andrew and Thomas, which is now stored in the National Gallery in London [61].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

About 300 drawings have been preserved, but this is only a small part of the number that he supposedly created in his entire life.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

These are mainly sketches of his sculptural and architectural orders, drawings as gifts to friends and patrons, as well as completed portraits, such as portraits of Agostino Mascardi (National High School) Fine Arts, Paris), Scipione Borghese and Cicinio Poli (Morgan Library, New York) [62].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Among those who worked under Bernini's leadership, mention should be made of Luigi Bernini, Stefano Speranza, Giuliano Finelli, Andrea Bolgi, Filippo Parodi, Giacomo Antoni Fancelli, Francesco Baratta, Nicodemus Tessin Jr., Francois Duquenois.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

His rivals in architecture were Francesco Borromini and Pietro da Cortona, and in sculpture by Alessandro Algardi.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Biographies


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The most important primary source of information about Bernini's life is a biography written by his youngest son, Domenico, entitled “Vita del Cavalier Gio. Lorenzo Bernino”, which began during his lifetime (approx. 1675—1680) and published in 1713 [63].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In addition, mention should be made of Filippo Baldinucci's Life of Bernini, who saw Paul de Chantelout's detailed records in 1682 about Bernini's stay in France “Journal du voyage en France du cavalier Bernin”.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

There is also a short biographical novel, “The Vita Brevis of Gian Lorenzo Bernini”, written by his eldest son Pietro Filippo Bernini in the mid-1670s [64].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Until the end of the 20th century, it was believed that two years after Bernini's death, Queen Christina of Sweden, while living in Rome at that time, ordered Baldinucci a biography of Bernini [65].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

However, according to recent research, it became clear that the order came from Bernini's sons (especially the elder Pietro Filippo), who commissioned Baldinucci to write a biography of his father in the mid-1670s g. intending to publish it during his lifetime.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

This means that, firstly, Cristina's name was used to cover up the fact that the content of the biography comes directly from the family, and secondly, Baldinucci's narrative largely comes from some an early version of a longer biography of Domenico Bernini's work, as evidenced by the extremely large number of verbatim repeated text (another explanation for so much verbatim There is no repetition, in addition, it is known that Baldinucci constantly copied materials provided by families and friends in his biographies) [66].


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

As the most detailed account and the only one coming directly from a member of the artist's family, Domenico's biography, although published later than Baldinucci's biography, is nevertheless the earliest and most important full-length biographical source of information about Bernini's life, even if the author idealizes the subject and tries to present in a positive light a number of unflattering facts about his life and personalities.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

memento


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bernini was immortalized with a portrait on the front


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Italian bill of 50,000 lire from 1980 to 1990 (before Italy switched to euros), on the other side of the bill depicts an equestrian statue of Louis XIV sculpted by him.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Another sign of enduring respect for Bernini's memory was the decision of architect Bei Yuming to place a lead copy of the aforementioned statue as the only artistic decoration of the square in front of the Louvre entrance.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

In 2000, Dan Brown made Bernini and several of his Roman creations an important part of the narrative in his adventure novel Angels and Demons.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The crater on Mercury is named after Bernini.


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Gallery


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

The abduction of Proserpina (fragment)


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Damned soul


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Blissful soul


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Antonio Cepparelli's bust


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bust of Pope Urban VIII


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bust of Monsignor Carlo Antonio Pozzo


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Self-portrait


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

St. Peter's Colonnade


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Saint Peter's Canopy


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Sculptures on the Sant'Angelo Bridge


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Notes


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Bibliography


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

References


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Simon Schama's The Power of Art


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Category: Italian sculptors


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Category:Baroque sculptors


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Category:Italian architects


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Category:Sculptors alphabetically


Question: How many buildings did Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini design?

Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini

Category:Architects of Rome


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Daywatch is a novel by Russian science fiction writer Sergei Lukyanenko, co-authored with Vladimir Vasilyev, the second in a series of works that tell about the fictional world of the Others.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The novel was written from June to October 1999 and was first published by AST Publishing House in 2000.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

It consists of three parts — “Outsiders Are Allowed” by Sergei Lukyanenko, “Alien to Others” by Vladimir Vasilyev and the joint novel “Another Force”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Together with the novels “Night Watch”, “Twilight Watch”, “The Last Watch”, “New Watch”, “The Sixth Watch”, as well as several stories by Lukyanenko and a number of works by other authors, it is included in the cycle “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The novel takes place in modern Moscow, Crimea, Prague at the time of writing.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition to the familiar world of people, there is a world of Others, which include magicians, wizards, werewolves, vampires, witches, witchers, and other creatures descended from humans, but do not consider themselves to be humans.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Others are divided into Light and Dark.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Good no longer enters into an active confrontation with Evil, but is in dynamic balance with it.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

To maintain a balance between Light and Darkness, any good magical effect must be balanced by the evil.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Compliance with this procedure is monitored by specially created organizations of the Others — Patrols.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The interests of the Svetlykh are represented by the Night Watch, the interests of the Dark Ones are represented by


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the first part of the novel, as a result of a clash between the Patrols, the witch Alisa Donnikova from the Day Watch and the light magician Igor from Nochnoi temporarily lose most of their strength and go to restore it in Artek pioneer camp without knowing about each other.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Unable to recognize the Other, Alice falls in love with Igor, which leads to a fight and her death.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the second part, the Mirror appears on the way of the Night Watch — Vitaly Rogoza, a product of Twilight, designed to restore the balance of power.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At the same time, the Dark Sect plans to revive a powerful ancient magician.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The third part deals with the trial of the Inquisition, an organization designed to control the Patrols.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

It turns out that the events of the first two parts were not accidental, but planned or used by the leaders of the Moscow Patrols.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In 2000, at the Kharkov International Science Fiction Festival “Star Bridge”, the novel won first place in the nomination “Best Cycle, Series and Novel with Sequel”; in 2001 it was awarded the Golden Award ROSKON” at the conference of writers working in the genre of science fiction, “RosKon”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The universe of the novel


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We are Different


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We serve different forces


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

But in the twilight, there is no difference between the absence of darkness and the absence of light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Our fight can destroy the world.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We are concluding the Great Armistice Treaty.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Each side will live by its own laws,


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Each side will have its own rights.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We limit our rights and our laws.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We're Different.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We're creating the Night Watch,


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

So that the Forces of Light watch over the forces of Darkness.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We're Different.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

We're building Day Watch,


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

For the forces of Darkness to watch over the forces of Light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Time will decide for us.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Contract [1]


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The creation of the world of Patrols began, as well as the creation of many other worlds in the writer's works, with the main character, his situation and the plot of the novel.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

After that, while working on the invented situation, the concept of a new world gradually arose on the second or third page [2], where magic exists in the real world, but it is not available to the uninitiated [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Twilight and Others


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition to our reality, there is Twilight, a parallel world accessible only to the Other.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

To get into the Twilight, you need to find your shadow, raise it and step into it [1] [3].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Twilight gives Others a clear advantage to do anything with almost impunity because of their inaccessibility to people.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition, time passes more slowly in Twilight, which can cause the Others to move faster and have an inhuman reaction.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

As a rule, clashes between them take place in Twilight [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

It is believed that Twilight is an “emotional projection of the real world”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The emotional energy of all thinking on Earth accumulates in the Twilight and gives the Others magical powers.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At the same time, Twilight absorbs the powers of the person who enters and can be dangerous for the magician if he does not calculate his capabilities [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Twilight consists of several layers, to enter each of which you need to step into its own shadow on the previous level.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The deeper the layer, the more difficult it is to do this, so few can freely use levels starting from the second.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The first layer vaguely resembles the world around us, while the rest are more and more different from it [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Others are born among ordinary people, but differ from them in their ability to enter the Twilight [3] [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

With the development of the magical society and knowledge of Twilight, the Others began to specifically search for potential Others to help them enter the Twilight for the first time and teach them to use their abilities [1] .


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

All Others, depending on their emotional state, are either on the side of the Light or on the side of Darkness at the time of the first entry into the Twilight.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

It is almost impossible to change sides with Private Other.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The main difference is in the attitude towards people.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Light ones do not use abilities for personal gain [3] [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At the same time, the difference between Light and Darkness is “vanishingly small”, it is not the classic pure Good and Evil.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The dark Ones can heal and help, while the Light Ones can refuse help [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The forces of the Others are not equal, there are seven different levels, from weak seventh to strong first.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

This scale does not include “wizards outside categories” who are stronger than everyone else.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Depending on level and experience, the Other occupies a certain place in the internal hierarchy [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Light and Dark Others feed only on a certain type of human emotions, so they are directly interested in the triumph of appropriate views on life [4].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The struggle of the Dark and Light for humanity lasted thousands of years until the Treaty was concluded.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Since its signing, the confrontation between the Others takes place according to the agreed rules, which are monitored by specially created organizations — Night and Day Watches [1] [3].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Patrols and the Inquisition


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The opposition of the Patrols to each other ideologically is a struggle for “universal happiness”, according to the views of the leaders of the Watch on this happiness, and ensuring that the opposite side does not has succeeded in spreading ideology or using freedom to the detriment of people [4].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Over time, Patrols have appeared in all major cities around the world.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In Russia, the Moscow Patrols became the largest and strongest [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Night Watch of Moscow has a total of about two hundred Others, although it is based on magicians of the highest levels, of whom there are only a few dozen.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Magicians, sorceresses and flip-flops of different levels work in the operational and analytical departments [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Special educational courses for beginners are also held at the headquarters of the Night Watch, disguised as an ordinary office in a four-story building on Sokol.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Night Watch of Moscow is headed by a magician outside the categories of Geser, who took part in the conclusion of the Great Treaty [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Moscow Day Watch is more numerous, but at the same time divided, largely restrained by the personal authority of the magician leading it outside the categories of Zebulon.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The headquarters of the Dark Ones is located on Tverskaya Street, not far from the Kremlin, and consists of three floors of a house visible only in Twilight.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

They include magicians, witches, vampires, and werewolves [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Inquisition is a small but authoritative organization, consisting of both Light and Dark Magicians, and monitors compliance by both parties with the Great Treaty.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Inquisitors are those who are aware of what a violation of the Treaty may lead to.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to one of the Inquisitors regarding the difference between them and the Patrols: “You are only held back by fear. For yourself or for people, it doesn't matter. And we are held back by horror. Therefore, we abide by the Treaty” [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Inquisition performs the highest judicial function, can disembodiment or deprive the perpetrator of the force.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The power of the Inquisition lies largely in particularly strong artifacts and inaccessible other knowledge.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The European Bureau of the Inquisition is located in Prague, and the Russian Bureau is located in Moscow in the main building of Moscow State University [1].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The plot


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

“This text is prohibited for distribution, as it defames the work of the Light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Night Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

This text is prohibited for distribution as defaming the work of Darkness.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Day Watch”


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

autoepigraph to the novel


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Trespassers are allowed


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

A woman comes to the sorcerer, not initiated by the Dark One, with a request to return the one who has left her to another husband.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

To do this, the witch kills her rival's unborn child, which is what she is caught by the Night Watch employees.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At this time, a group of Daywatch witches, together with the powerful magician Edgar, receive a task from Zebulon to recapture the Light Sorcerer.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Arriving at the scene, the witches form a circle of power to feed Edgar, who goes to the sorcerer's apartment and demands to give it away, accusing the Svetlykh of provocation.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

During the magical confrontation between Edgar and the Light Witches give him all available strength, as a result of which one of them dies, and the other, Alisa Donnikova, temporarily loses her strength.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

However, the Dark Ones have the right to a sacrifice that releases significant power, which is unacceptable for the Light, who eventually give up to the sorcerer.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Alice would normally take several years to regain her strength.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

But she is a former favorite of Zabulon, head of the Moscow Day Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Pleased with the work done, Zebulon tells her that he has forgiven an old mistake with the prism of power, so she will help her quickly regain her magical abilities.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

To do this, Alice is sent as a counselor to the pioneer camp Artek, where she can “eat” children's night fears.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

There she falls in love with another counselor, Igor.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

When Alice has enough strength to enter the Twilight, it turns out that Igor is the Svetly Other, just like her, who temporarily lost strength in the skirmish for the sorcerer.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Igor couldn't recognize Alice as a witch, so he fell in love with her.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

However, when his strength returned, he thinks that Alice set everything up on purpose.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Igor challenges her to a magical duel in the sea, where the loser Alice drowns.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Zebulon does not come to her aid, mentally telling her that she should have died, after which Alice realizes that all this was set up by the head of the Day Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

A stranger to others


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Vitaly Rogoza comes to Moscow from the Ukrainian city of Nikolaev.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

He doesn't remember anything about himself until the day he got on the train.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Even a name can be learned from a passport.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

However, at the right moments, passages of knowledge come back to him.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The level of Vitaly's magical abilities increases abruptly as needed.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

So, when checking into the Cosmos Hotel, he understands that he is Different, so, in addition to the hotel, he must also register with the Night Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In Moscow, Vitaly feels a surge of force and therefore constantly finds himself in crime scenes.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

First, a vampire in an alley kills a person, then a werewolf in an apartment kills an uninitiated Light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

A guard spell in Rogoza's hotel room kills the weak Light who has penetrated there.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Night Watch has nothing to formally accuse Vitaly of, although they are furious because of the death of a colleague.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Arriving employees of the Day Watch pick up Rogoza to the hotel at their office.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to the behavior of the Svetlykh in the hotel, the Dark Magician Edgar, left by Zabulon in charge during his absence, understands that something has happened.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Analysts find that representatives of the Dark Sect “Brothers Regina” stole Fafnir's claw from the Inquisition, a powerful artifact that can return the ancient magician Fafnir.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At this time, the Lights lure Vitaly out and openly attack, but he jumps up in levels to the first and fights back, killing the Upside-Light Tiger.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The claw must arrive by plane, so both Patrols are moving to the airport.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

During the clash, Vitaly has the claw, who first runs away with him, but later gives it back to the Inquisition.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Inquisition notifies everyone about the holding of a tribunal for the latest violations of the Treaty, and Zabulon secretly asks Gorodetsky not to go there.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

As a result, Rogoza and Gorodetsky are late for the tribunal, but Vitaly comes first.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Svetlana thinks he killed Anton, so she attacks him with all her might.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

As a result, she is temporarily deprived of abilities that will take years to recover.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Geser understands that Vitaly is the Mirror, a product of Twilight, which arises to restore the balance between the Dark and the Light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Now that Svetlana is exhausted, the balance has been restored, and the Mirror must go away.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

A different force


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The Inquisition is going in Prague, where its European Bureau moved after the attack of the Dark Sect “Brothers Regina” on Bern, to consider the duel between Igor Teplov and Alisa Donnikova for violation of the Treaty.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The case of sectarians who delivered Fafnir's claw to Moscow will also be considered.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Anton Gorodetsky goes to the court from the Night Watch, and Edgar from the Day Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Each of them tries to understand the plans of Heser and Zebulon, as well as their role in them.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Edgar thinks that Zebulun at the turn of the millennium is going to resurrect Fafnir, a strong Dark One, who could tilt the balance of power in favor of the Day Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The magician studies the features of the ritual and believes that Zebulon decided to sacrifice it, since outwardly everything says exactly this, up to the necessary photos of Edgar and Fafnir on the table at the head Moscow Day Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Anton, together with Igor, come to the idea that Svetlana's unborn child will be the messiah, the strongest Light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

This explains the correction of Svetlana's book of fate and Zavulon's actions against her, but Igor's role in all this remains unclear.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Geser, who arrived, confirms their assumptions, but cannot tell more.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At the trial, the Inquisition first considers the case of sectarians who are prohibited from using magic for the rest of their lives.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

After that, the heads of the Moscow Patrols are interrogated.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Geser's actions to correct Svetlana's book of fate do not find violations of the Treaty.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Zebulon laughs in response to the accusation of plans to resurrect Fafnir as a good joke, and then quietly thanks Edgar for appealing to the Inquisitors.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Edgar realizes that he was manipulated, and there is no more turning back to the Day Watch, so after the trial he goes to the Inquisition.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The latter is considered the duel between Igor and Alice.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The dark Ones accuse Igor of killing and killing the boy by negligence, provoking him to disembodied on his own because of the burden of guilt.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In response, the light accuses Zabulon of organizing a provocation, because of which everything happened.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Since there is no evidence, the Inquisition decides to temporarily resurrect Alice to testify.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Alice confirms that the duel took place according to all the rules and was the result of Zebulon's provocation.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Igor still loves Alisa, so he does develop with her.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

It turns out that Igor was the only one who could raise the Messiah of Light.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Creation and publishing


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

After Lukyanenko wrote The Night Watch, describing the confrontation between magicians on the part of the Svetlykh, science fiction writer Vladimir Vasilyev offered to write a second novel on the part of the Dark Ones [5].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to Vladimir Vasilyev, after reading The Night Watch, the Dark Ones seemed closer to him, and their image in the novel was implausible.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Therefore, the idea arose to write a second novel in co-authorship [6].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the past, Lukyanenko already had experience working with Vasilyev at one of the writer's seminars [5].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Initially, it was assumed that science fiction writer Nick Perumov would also join the work and write the third story of the book, but due to his busy schedule, he did not have enough time [6].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

There was also an idea to involve writer and translator Leonid Kudryavtsev, who did not have free time [6].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The first story of the future Day Watch was written by Lukyanenko, the second by Vasiliev, and the third story was written by writers together [5].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to Sergei Lukyanenko, he feared that if Vasiliev wrote the novel himself, he would “whitewash the forces of Darkness and scold the forces of Light” [6].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

After writing and editing the first two stories, the plot of the third story was invented, combining the first two.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

If the idea of the pioneer camp belonged entirely to Lukyanenko, and Zerkalos to Vasilyev, then in the third part the writers' texts are constantly interspersed.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

At the same time, Lukyanenko mainly wrote episodes about the Svetlykh, and Vasiliev about the Dark Ones, after which the authors brought them together [6].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

YearBuildingLocation


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

EditionsSeriesCirculationNoteSource2000AstMoscowStar Labyrinth 35000+ 86000The second novel of the cycle “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Illustration on the cover by A. Manokhina.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[7] 2003AST, ErmakMoscowStar Labyrinth 10000 + 100000The second novel of the cycle “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[8] 2004AstMoskvBlack Series (Tank Slit) 15000+ 19000The second novel from the series “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[9] 2004AST, AST MoscowMoscowUnder Watch14000+ 20000The first three novels from the cycle “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[10] 2004AST, AST Moscow//HarvestMoscow//MinskLibrary of Fiction 6000+5000The first three novels from the cycle “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[11] 2004AstmoskvaLibrary of World Fiction 6000+ 4000The first three novels from the series “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[12] 2005AST, LuxmoSquareStar Maze (mini) 10000The story “Alien to Others” from the novel “Day Watch”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[13] 2006AST, TransitBookMoscow15000+20,000 [14] 2006AST, AST Moscow, Keeper of Moscow7000+5100 The first four novels of the cycle about “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[15] 2006AstMoscowStar Labyrinth: Collection10000 + 10000The first and second novels of the Patrol cycle.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[16] 2007AST, LuxmoSquaStar Maze (mini) 10000The story “Trespassers are allowed to enter” from the novel “Day Watch”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[17] 2007AST, AST Moscow, Guardian of MoscowStar Labyrinth (mini) 5000The story “Another Force” from the novel “Day Watch”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[18] 2012AstrelmoskvaVes (giant) 3000The first five novels of the Patrols cycle in one volume.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[19] 2014Astmoskvadozory2000The second novel of the series about “Patrols”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[20] 2015AstmoskvaVes (giant) 3000Six novels of the series “Patrols” in one volume.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

YearTitlePublisherLocation


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

EditionsLanguageTranslatorbrush2004Dzienny Patrolksiążka i WiedzaWarsawPolskiye.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Skurskaya [22] 2005Denní Hlídkatriton, ArgoPragacheskiil.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Dvorak [23] 2006Visagalio AkiseridanasKaunaslitovskyB.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Juozaitytė [24] 2006Wächter des TagesHeyne VerlagMunichGermanC.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Pöhlmann [25] 2006Day WatchWilliam Heinemann LTDLondonangliiskiye.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Bromfield [26] 2006Dzienny Patrolksiążka i WiedzaWarsawPolskiye.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Skurskaya [27] 2007Day Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Les Sentinelles du JouralBin Michel, ParisFrench [28] 2007 Title・BasilicotokioJapaneseHoki Ayako [29] 2007Day WatchmiramaxNew Yorkanglian.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Bromfield [30] 2007Nappali őrséggalaktika Fantasztikus KönyvekHungarianW.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Györgyi [31] 2008Die Wächter-trilogieheyneMunichGermanC.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Pöhlmann [32] 2008The Day WatchArrow, Londonangli [33] 2008Dzienny PatrolwydawnicTwo MagWarsawPolskiye.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Skurskaya [34] 2009Dneven PatrolInfodarsofiyaBulgariaV.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Velchev [35] 2010Päevane VahtkondvarrakTallinnEstonian.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Rõigas [36] 2013PäiväpartiointoFinnish.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Konttinen [37] 2014Dzienny PatrolwydawnicTwo MagWarsawPolskiye.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Skurskaya [38] 2014 Chinese [39]


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Criticism and assessments


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to writer and literary critic Dmitry Volodikhin, the novel “Day Watch” became an “extremely rare case” for Russian fiction, when the second book of the cycle turned out to be no worse than the first, showing that “the potential of this fantastic world is far from being exhausted” [40].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The action in the novel is “clear, clear, dynamic”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Volodikhin considers the latest story, “Another Force”, to be especially successful.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The problem that all the Others are some pieces on the board, all moves of which in the big game of Heser and Zebulon are calculated in advance, was outlined in the novel “Night Watch” [40].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the third part of Daywatch, ordinary sentinels try to understand the game and their role in it, which can be deadly.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The key phrase, according to Volodikhin, is the words of the Dark Magician Edgar: “We are puppets. They're just puppets. And getting into puppeteers is a deeply hopeless thing...” [40].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The work slips through the features of a spy novel when representatives of Dozorov Anton and Edgar, sent to the tribunal, meet, trying to find out the secrets of the enemy in conversation [40].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Science fiction writer Dmitry Skiryuk notes that the novel “Day Watch” “perfectly continued and completed what he started” in the first novel of the series “Night Watch”, which in itself “is without a doubt a very strong thing, but something unfinished.”


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to Skiryuk, Vladimir Vasilyev brought to the work “a fresh stream of some Feng recklessness and gouging” [41].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Skiryuk was most impressed by the combination of the “urban entourage of the modern world” with magical and mystical elements, such as the call of a dead witch, a possible apocalypse, magic order and artifacts.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Lukyanenko's worlds are not complicated, but at the same time the writer knows the world he created well [41].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Skiryuk notes that in the novel you can find “a lot of humor, parody and self-parody, a little tragedy and pathos, many quotes from modern songs, healthy cynicism.”


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Structurally, the second novel copies the first.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The work consists of three parts with different local plots, but with common characters and a common global plot that connects the parts together.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The characters of the novel, according to the critic, “are a little rustic, not alien to epicureanism and prefer to act first and then think.”


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In general, Dmitry Skiryuk considers the novel dynamic and exciting [41]


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Writer and critic Igor Cherny also notes that in the case when the continuation of the novel is written by “recognized masters”, such as Sergei Lukyanenko and Vladimir Vasilyev, the law that the sequel is always worse than the beginning is not met [42].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to the critic, “invariable lyricism, bright sadness and a hymn for the glory of Love” unequivocally indicate that the first and third parts were mainly written by Lukyanenko, at the same time “a nervous syllable, beautiful knowledge of modern Ukrainian realities, unexpected twists and whistles of the plot” of the second part no less clearly indicate the authorship of Vasilyev [42].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Unlike the first book, Day Watch shifts the reader's attention to the Dark Ones.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The main characters of the first novel — Anton Gorodetsky, Svetlana, Geser, Zavulon — take an active part in the second novel.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to Igor Cherny, in the second book, writers wanted to show how difficult it is to maintain the line between Light and Darkness, following prohibitions, many of which do not have clear grounds [42].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Igor Cherny, like Dmitry Volodikhin, highlights the idea of relations between “leaders and the crowd”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The critic also compares the actions of Heser and Zebulon with a chess game, whose enthusiastic players can easily sacrifice a few pawns.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

For them, global goals are much more important than the fate of individual employees [42].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition, the critic notes an interesting plot move with the Mirror of the World, which is “embodied indifference and tranquility.”


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

For the Mirror, the main thing is to observe a certain law, the balance of Light and Darkness, to achieve which it is able to “dispassionately and impartially” destroy anyone [42].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In 2000, at the Kharkov International Science Fiction Festival “Star Bridge”, the novel won first place in the nomination “Best Cycle, Series and Novel with Sequel”; in 2001 it was awarded the Golden Award ROCON” at the conference of writers working in the genre of science fiction, RosCon [43] [44].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition, in 2001, the novel was nominated for the Moonsword Award, the genre award of the Wanderer magazine for best work in the genre of horror fiction [43] [44].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the same year, as the best fantastic work of a large form, the novel was nominated for the awards “Russian Fiction”, “Bronze Snail”, “Interpresscon” and “Sigma-F” [43] [44].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In 2007, the novel was nominated for the German Science Fiction Award (German: Deutscher Phantastik Preis), one of Germany's largest awards in the field of science fiction, in the category “Translated Novel” [43] [44].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In 2008, at a combined conference between RosCon and EuroCon — EuroRoscon — the novel was nominated for the Prize Award, which once awarded the award for the best work of Russian writers of all time RosConov [43] [44].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Adaptations


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

audiobooks


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

YearBuildingLocation


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

EditionsSeriesDurationNoteSource2004Sidikom, ElitailMoscowSunny Wind16 h. 6 min.Monologue, musical accompaniment.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The text is read by Natalia Gracheva, Alexander Khorlin, Nikita Karpov, Kirill Petrov.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[45] 2004Elitail, 1C-PublishingMoscow16 h. 6 min.Monologue, musical accompaniment.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[46] 2004ElitailMoscow16 h. 6 min.Monologue, musical accompaniment.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

[47] 2014AudiobookMoscowOur fiction14 h. 50 min.Monologue.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The text is read by Sergey Natapov.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Movie


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

On January 1, 2006, the premiere of Timur Bekmambetov's film “Day Watch”, based on Sergei Lukyanenko's book series, took place.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The film was produced by the Tabbak film studio, the Bazelevs film company and Channel One.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Konstantin Khabensky, Vladimir Menshov, Viktor Verzhbitsky, Galina Tyunina, Maria Poroshina, Zhanna Friske, Alexey Chadov, Dmitry Martynov, Valery Zolotukhin, Gosha Kutsenko, Igor took part in the film Lifanov, Sergey Lukyanenko [49] [50].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The plot of the film is greatly changed compared to the plot of the Patrols series, as, according to Mikhail Popov, not every good book can be directly turned into a good movie [49].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Despite the fact that the title corresponds to the second novel of the series, the film tells about the events of the second and third parts of “Night Watch” [51].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Initially, each film was supposed to correspond to one part, but due to 20th Century Fox's attention to the film and the possible continuation of filming abroad, it was decided to combine the second and third parts the first book and be published under the title “Day Watch” [51].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The number of explicit ads in the second film decreased compared to the first.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Popov notes that due to the director's propensity for clip style, there is a “compositional irregularity of the whole film”, a lot of fast and protracted scenes, excessive slow motion and special effects.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition, the film shows too clearly the “banal social satire”, unlike the first film, which has already become a “stylistic and ideological leitmotif” [49].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Viewers' opinions about the film are divided strictly polar: they either like it or not [49].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

On its first day of release, Day Watch grossed $2.4 million against the film's announced budget of $4.2 million, thereby setting an absolute box office record in the CIS countries [49].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the spring of that year, the film was released on DVD.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition to the film itself, the disc included music videos for the film, a commercial, filmographies of actors, as well as documentaries about the work on both Patrols [52].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Games


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Computer games


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Day Watch Tactical RPG


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Based on the novel, the Russian company Nival Interactive, together with Targem Studio, released a computer game of the same name in the genre of tactical strategy/RPG [53].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to the plot of the game, the Light Magician Stas, because of his love for the witch Anna, breaks the Sphere of Power and conducts a Fiery Rite, which makes him an extremely strong Other.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Stas begins to destroy the Dark Ones, for which he is arrested by the Inquisition.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Anna is trying to save Stas [53].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

During development, a somewhat outdated graphics engine from Silent Storm was used.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The game has interesting fights and thoughtful physics, but the music is often inappropriate [53].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Character leveling and various spells are well done [53].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Racing Day Watch


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In January 2006, the novel was released based on the racing computer game Daywatch Racing [54].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

According to the legend of the game, the Light and Dark, instead of skirmishes with each other, arrange races on the roads of Moscow.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Light cars are used by domestic manufacturers, Dark cars are used by foreign cars.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In addition to the ability to drive, the player will be required to be able to use magic and go into Twilight, in which there is no traffic.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

During the races, gangster rap plays on the side of the Dark Ones.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

In the opposite version, the Night Watch Racing game, Russian rock plays on the Svetlykh side — Pilot, Kukryniksy and others [54].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Board game


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Based on the book, the board game “Day Watch. Battles of the Others”.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Two to eight players can take part in the game.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

As in the novel, the game is a confrontation between Day and Night Watch.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The place of action is Moscow.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Players are invited to choose their side in the confrontation between Light and Darkness.


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

The main goal of the game is to defeat the opponent from the opposite Watch [55].


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Notes


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

References


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Category:Patrols


Question: What year was The Day Watch first published?

Day Watch

Category:Novels by Sergey Lukyanenko


Question: What is the maximum speed of the MTB-82?

MTB-82

MTB-82 is a Soviet high-floor trolleybus of medium capacity for intracity passenger transportation, mass-produced from 1946 to 1961.


Question: What is the maximum speed of the MTB-82?

MTB-82

Chief designer of the trolleybus Naum Chernyakov.


Question: What is the maximum speed of the MTB-82?

MTB-82

Initially, the production of the MTB-82 was launched at Plant No. 82 of the People's Commissariat of Aviation Industry of the USSR in Tushino near Moscow (now the Tushino Machine-Building Plant).


Question: What is the maximum speed of the MTB-82?

MTB-82

In 1951, production was transferred to the Uritsky Plant (now Trolza CJSC) in Engels.


Question: What is the maximum speed of the MTB-82?

MTB-82

The name of the car is an abbreviation for “Moscow trolleybus”, the index corresponds to the number of the first manufacturer.