Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

In 1862, she gave birth to a son Gregory, and died shortly after his birth.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Ancestors and descendants of M. IN. Lomonosov

S. A. Konstantinova (Rayevskaya)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

S. N. Rayevskaya


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

A. N. Rayevsky


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Graf G.I.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Nostitz


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

The youngest son, Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky (1801-1843), general, participant in the Napoleonic Wars, the Russian-Persian War of 1826-1828 and the Caucasian campaigns, the founder of Novorossiysk was an enthusiastic gardener, founder of Sukhumi Botanical Garden.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He actively corresponded and collaborated with outstanding botanists of his time: F. B.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Fisher, Kh.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

X.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Steven, N. A. Gartwis.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

In 1839 he married a maid of honor Anna Mikhailovna Borozdina (1819-1883), daughter of General Mikhail Mikhailovich Borozdin.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He had two sons: Nikolai and Mikhail.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Colonel Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky III (1839-1876), like his father, was fond of gardening and viticulture.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He was a member of the Imperial Free Economic Society.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

On his own estates in Turkestan, he was engaged in cotton growing, sericulture and viticulture.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

I tried to grow cotton on the southern coast of Crimea.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He died in 1876 during the Serbo-Turkish War, where he volunteered.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He wasn't married.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He did not leave any offspring.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

His younger brother, General Mikhail Nikolaevich Raevsky (1841-1893), was president of the Imperial Society of Horticulture and the author of the first Russian textbook on fruit growing “Fruit School and Fruit School and orchard”.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

In 1871 he married the maid of honor Maria Grigoryevna Gagarina (1851-1941), daughter of Prince Grigory Grigorievich Gagarin, Vice-President of the Imperial Academy of Arts.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

N.N.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Raevsky Jr.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

N.N.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Rayevsky-third


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

M.N.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Rayevsky


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

The offspring of Mikhail Nikolaevich Raevsky:


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Mikhail Nikolaevich and Maria Grigoryevna Raevsky had 4 sons and 6 daughters.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

During the Civil War, the Raevskys emigrated and now all their descendants live outside Russia.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Mariya Mikhaylovna Raevskaya (1872—1942).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Husband: General Nikolai Sergeevich Plautin (1868-1918)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Nikolai Nikolayevich Plautin (1893—1942)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Plautin Mikhail Nikolaevich (1895—1920)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Sergey Nikolaevich Plautin (1897—1969).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Public figure, historian, linguist.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Author of the work “The Word of Igor's Regiment. Corrected and uncorrected texts. Translation and Notes” (Paris, 1958).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Wife: Princess Kurakina Elizaveta Ivanovna (1905—1980)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Nikolai Sergeyevich Plautin (1928—1991)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Georgy Nikolayevich Plautin (1898—1942)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rayevsky (1873—1900).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Wife: Anna Nikolaevna Prilezhaeva


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Mikhail Mikhailovich Rayevsky (1875—1922).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Wife — Olga Sergeevna Gagarina (1883 −1955)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Sergei Mikhailovich Rayevsky (1910—1943)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Georgy Sergeevich Raevsky (1940—2007).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

The last direct descendant of General Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky Sr.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

He did not leave any offspring.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Mikhail Mikhaylovich Rayevsky (1912—1983)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Raevskaya Irina Mikhailovna (1937) in her first marriage to Valle


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Valle de Rayevskaya Anna-Julia Maria (1978)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Raevskaya Olga (1913—1916)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Anna Mikhailovna Raevskaya (1876—1967).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Husband: Major General Shipov Nikolay Nikolaevich (1873—1958)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Shipova Maria Nikolaevna (1902—1993) married to Shanyu


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Nikolay Shipov (1904 —?)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Mikhail Shipov (1908 —?)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Grigory Rayevsky (1878-1883)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Raevskaya Sofia Mikhailovna (1881—1950).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Husband: Prince Mikhail Anatolyevich Gagarin (1881—1964)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Raevsky Pyotr Mikhailovich (1883—1970) - publisher of the Raevsky Archive.


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

The first wife was Fersen Sofia Pavlovna (1888—1927), the second — Zora Ornadak (Chernadak, Tsernadak) (1881—1971)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Rayevsky Mikhail Petrovich (1924)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Elena Raevskaya (1888-1889)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Anastasia Mikhailovna Zvegintseva (1890—1963).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Husband: Vladimir Nikolaevich Zvegentsev (1891—1973)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Zvegintsev Mikhail Vladimirovich (1919)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Irina Mikhailovna Raevskaya (1892—1955).


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

The first husband was Count Tolstoy Alexander Mikhailovich (1888—1918), the second was Duke Georg Alexander of Mecklenburg (1899—1963)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Tolstaya Irina (Nina) Aleksandrovna (1917—1998)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Count Tolstoy Mikhail Aleksandrovich (1918)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Georg Alexander Michael Mecklenburg (1899—1963)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Georg Alexander Andreas Mecklenburg (1921—1996)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Carl Gregor Mecklenburg (1933)


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Notes


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

References


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Bryzgalov V. IN. Lomonosovs' voyages to fisheries


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Lomonosov's pedigree on the website of the Lomonosov Museum


Question: How many children did the Lomonosov family have?

Category:Mikhail Lomonosov


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fist fighting (also cams, buffs, fighting, <fist fighting) is an ancient fun, entertainment [1].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Already at the time of Homer it was popular in ancient Greece, and from 688 BC. e.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

fist fighting was included in the competitions of the ancient Olympic Games [2].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

It has existed in Russia since ancient times.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fights were usually held from Maslenitsa to Trinity, less often from Kolyada to Petrov Day.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

History


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Russia has its own military competition and game tradition.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The Slavs were known throughout Europe as valiant warriors [3].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Since wars in Russia were frequent, every man should have military skills [4].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

From a very young age, children, through a variety of games, such as “king of the hill”, “on the ice slide” and “kucha mala”, wrestling and throwing, gradually learned to be able to stand up for Homeland, family and ourselves.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

As children became adults, games grew into real fights, known as “fist fights”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The first mention of such fights was made by chronicler Nestor in 1048:


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fist fights often took place in Novgorod on the Veliky Bridge, which connected Novgorod Detinets with the Trade Side.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Rules and types of fist fighting


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fist fights were usually held on holidays [5] from Christmas to Trinity [6], in some places until Petrov's Day [7], and the rampant fighting began during Maslenitsa [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

According to the number of participants, they were divided into: “street to street”, “village to village”, “settlement to settlement” [9].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In summer, the battle took place in squares, in winter — on frozen rivers and lakes [9].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Common people [9] and merchants [10] participated in the battles.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

There were types of fist fighting: “one on one”, “wall to wall”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Considered a type of fist fighting, the “clutch-dump” is actually an independent martial art, the Russian analogue of pankration, a fight without rules [11].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The oldest type of combat is the “dump clutch”, which was often called “coupling combat”, “dump in all directions”, “dump combat”, “coupling fight”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

It was a confrontation between fighters who fought without observing the system, each for himself and against everyone.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

According to N. Razina: “Here it was necessary to have not only dexterity and a strong blow, but also a special composure” [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The most common type of fist fighting was “wall to wall”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The fight was divided into three stages: first boys fought, after them unmarried young men, and at the end adults also put the wall.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

It was not allowed to beat a recumbent or crouched person, grab his clothes [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The task of each side was to turn the enemy's side to flight or at least force them to retreat.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The wall that lost the “field” (the territory on which the battle took place) was considered defeated [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Each “wall” had its own leader — “leader”, “chieftain”, “combat warden”, “leader”, “old cholovik”, who determined the tactics of the battle and encouraged his comrades.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Each of the teams also had fighters of “hope”, which were designed to break the enemy's formation, pulling out several fighters from there at once.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Special tactics were used against such warriors: the wall diverged, letting the “hope” inside, where special fighters were waiting for him, and immediately closed, preventing the enemy's wall from passing [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The warriors who met the “hope” were experienced masters of combat “on his own”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

“Yourself”, or “one-on-one”, was the most revered type of combat [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

It looked like an old bare handed boxing in England.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

But the Russian type of combat was softer, since there was a rule prohibiting beating a recumbent, while in England it was introduced only in 1743 [11].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

One-on-one battles could be organized by a special person, or they could be spontaneous.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In the first case, the battle was scheduled for a certain day and time, and the second type could take place anywhere where people gathered: fairs, holidays.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The fights “on my own”, if necessary, served to confirm the correctness of the defendant in the court case [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

This way of proving his case was called “field” [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The “Field” existed until the death of Ivan the Terrible [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Russian fighters used only punches - what can not be clenched into a fist is not a fist fight.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Three impact surfaces were used, which corresponds to the three impact surfaces of the weapon: the head of the metacarpals (injection with a weapon), the base of the fist from the side of the little finger (chopping blow with a weapon), heads the main phalanges (butt blow).


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

It was possible to beat any part of the body above the waist, but they tried to hit the head, into the solar plexus (“into the soul”), and under the ribs (“under the mikitki”) [8].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The continuation of the fight on the ground (ground wrestling) has never been used.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

There were certain rules according to which it was impossible to beat a recumbent and a person with bleeding, use any weapon, and fight with your bare hands.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Non-compliance with the norms was severely punished.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Despite the strict rules, the fights sometimes ended badly: the participant could be injured, and there were deaths.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The timing of fist fights


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

On the lands of the Eastern Slavs, fist fights began with the onset of winter and usually lasted until mid-summer.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

They were held on Sundays and, mainly, on holidays and had a large scale (in terms of the number of participants and spectators):


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Nikola winter (December 19),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Christmas holidays (January 7-18),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Baptism (January 19),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Maslenitsa (end of February),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Easter week (March-April),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Fomin of the week (the first Sunday after Easter),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Rusal week (end of May — beginning of June),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Ivan Kupala (July 6-7),


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

· Petrov Day (July 8).


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

At the same time, especially large battles took place, as a rule, on the days of Christmas Eve and Maslenitsa.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In general, about two-thirds of fist fights occur in winter and about one-third in spring and summer.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fist fights in the second half of summer and autumn are not numerous due to the large amount of agricultural work to harvest and prepare the household for winter.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The battles were timed at this time, as a rule, to local patronal holidays.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fighting fist fighting


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The Slavs considered Perun the patron of martial arts [3].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

After the Baptism of Rus, the struggle against pagan rituals began, which also included military competitions in honor of Perun [3].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In 1274, Metropolitan Kirill, having gathered a cathedral in Vladimir, decided, among other rules: “to excommunicate from the church those participating in fist fights and battles with stakes, and not to perform the funeral service for the dead.”


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The clergy considered fist fights a God-disgusting deed and punished participants according to church laws [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

This condemnation led to the fact that during the reign of Fedor Ioannovich (1584—1598), not a single duel on fists was recorded [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The government itself usually did not encourage, but did not pursue, fist fights [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The real restriction of fist fights began in the XVII century.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

On December 9, 1641, Mikhail Fedorovich pointed out: “which all people will take into account fighting in China, and in the White Stone City and in the Earth City and those people to name and bring them to the Zemstvo order and punish them.” [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

of the year, a decree was issued prohibiting the construction of guns in houses, starting fist fights and harboring cabbies [14], prohibiting fist fights and punishing participants: “Which people are seized on fist battles; and those people, for those guilt, repair the batogi for the first drive, and name the drive money by decree, beat the whip after the other drive, and name the drive money twice, and in the third one to inflict cruel punishment on the descendant, whip and exile him into exile to the Ukrainian cities for eternal life” [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Years in the Highest Approved Articles to Going Around Heads [15], to monitor the deanery, includes an article under No. 5, which relates to fist fights and categorically prohibits them everywhere; she says: Which people are seized in fist battles; and those people for their guilt should be repaired for the first drive to beat the batogi, and name the drive money by decree, beat the whip after the other, and name the drive money twice, and in the third, to repair the descendant cruel punishment, whip and exile him into exile to the Ukrainian cities for eternal life


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

However, despite all the decrees, fist fights continued to exist, and the participants now began to choose from their midst Sotsky, Desyatsky, who were trusted to monitor the implementation of all the rules of battle.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

There is information that Peter I liked to arrange fist fights “in order to show the prowess of the Russian people” [16].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

On July 21, 1727, Emperor Peter II issued a decree on fist fights: “Whoever falls, no one lying would be beaten” [17].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In 1751, fierce battles took place on Millionnaya Street, and Elizaveta Petrovna learned about them.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

The Empress tried to reduce the number of dangerous fights and adopted a new resolution preventing their holding in St. Petersburg and Moscow [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Under Catherine II, fist fights were very popular [16].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Count Grigory Orlov was a good fighter and often invited famous kulaks to face him [16].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Nicholas I in 1832 completely banned fist fights “as harmful fun” [12].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

After 1917, fist fighting was attributed to the remnants of the tsarist regime and, without becoming a sports wrestling, passed away.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fist fights continued until the 1950s.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

At the same time, criminals began, contrary to the installation, to use knives in battle (to arrange stabbing) and fighting “on fists” was banned.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In the 90s of the XX century, attempts began to revive schools and styles of Slavic martial arts, including fist fighting.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Fist fighting in art


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

“The Tale of Bygone Years” tells the story of Jan Usmoshvets (Kozhemyaki), who killed a bull with his bare hands before the fight with the Pecheneg, and then the Pecheneg won.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young oprichnik and a daring merchant Kalashnikov” by M. YU.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Lermontov


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

describes a fist duel between the oprichnik of Tsar Kiribeevich and the merchant Kalashnikov.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Stepan Paramonovich Kalashnikov won, defending the honor of his wife, insulted by Kiribeevich, and “standing up for the truth to the last,” but was executed by Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Artist Mikhail Ivanovich Peskov reflected the popularity of fist fighting during the time of Ivan the Terrible in his painting “Fist Fight under Ivan IV”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Sergey Timofeevich Aksakov described the fist fights he saw in Kazan, on the ice of Lake Kaban, in his “Story of Student Life”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Maria Semenova in her book “The Bushy Wolf” describes a fist fight between two Venn tribes.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov, among other illustrations for Lermontov's Song of the Merchant Kalashnikov (1891), has a charcoal drawing on paper “Fist Fight”, currently in Russian museum.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

B.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

M. Kustodiev said.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

“Fist fighting on the Moscow River”.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Maxim Gorky in the novel “The Life of Matvey Kozhemyakin” described the fist fight as follows: “The city is fighting with tricks... they push the heels of good fighters out of their “wall” against the chest of Slobozhans, and when the Slobozhans, pressing on them, involuntarily stretch out with a wedge, the city will hit together from the sides, trying to crush the enemy. But the Slobodskys are accustomed to these oven mitts: having retreated vividly, they themselves cover the townspeople with a semicircle...”


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Vasily Ivanovich Igolkin (1886-1944) in the historical and everyday novel “Rzhevityanka” (M., 2015) described the fist fight as follows: “On the ice of the Volga River, there were “fists”, or walls where the Rzhevitans practiced in a special sports, developing the force of punching a fist. It started as usual from an early age. A bunch of snotty boys on one side reached the middle of the river and yelled into the air, calling out to the same boys living on the other side of the Volga: “Come on, ours go! Come on, let's go!” It was a conditional call. From there, a crowd of tomboys flew head over heels from the mountain with the same scream...”


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Sayings and catchphrases


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

A fist fight is a revelry to the soul!


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

They do not fight with force, but with skill.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

They don't beat a recumbent.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

In a good frost, warm each other's sides, and brown their noses (on Maslenitsa) [18].


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

See also


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Army hand-to-hand combat


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Traditional hand-to-hand combat


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Boxing


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Maslenitsa


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Brawl


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Notes


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Literature


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Check date values in: |year=, |date= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Ville, Antoine de.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Pyctomachia Veneta seu pugnorum certamen Venetum ab Antonio de Ville equal Gallo: Venetiis, 1634.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Kuts V. A. Russian fist fighting.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Traditional and modern culture of self-defense//Bundles.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Protection.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

A weapon.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

SPb.: Aster-Press.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

— 2011.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Gruntovsky A. IN. Russian fist fighting: History, ethnography, technique.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

— “Technology of automated systems” LLP, 1998.


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

References


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

//Russian Ethnographic Museum


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

(homofestivus.ru)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Unknown parameter |deadlink= ignored (|dead-url= suggested) (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

External link in |work= (help)


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Category:Martial arts


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Category:Russian martial arts


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Category:Russian national sports


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Category:Russian rites


Question: When did Russian fist fights originate?

Fist fighting

Category:Slavic martial arts


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Pär Lagerkvist (Swedish: Pär Lagerkvist) (23 May 1891 — 11 July 1974) was a Swedish writer who won the Nobel Prize in Literature (1951).


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Despite the fact that Lagerqvist's works contain features that distinguish such philosophical and aesthetic phenomena as cubism, expressionism or existentialism, they cannot be fully attributed to to any particular current.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's artistic style is distinguished by myth, symbol, allegory.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

By nature, Lagerqvist was a rather hidden and introverted person, which explains his laconic coverage of his creative ideas.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

He wrote a well-known phrase: “I do not interfere in my work” [1].


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Biography


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Childhood and adolescence


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

He was born on May 23, 1891 in Vaxjo, Smaland Province.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In the family of the head of the local railway station, he was the youngest of seven children.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The environment in which little Per grew up was pious and bourgeois limited.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is known that in his parents' home hung a portrait of Martin Luther and there were three books: the Bible, a collection of psalms and a book of sermons.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist believed that his parents' attitude to reading was serious and deep.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's mother considered the book, where human destinies were invented, blasphemy.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The debut of the writer's literary activity was the story “Maternal Love”, published in the local newspaper Smolands-Posten on November 19, 1906.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The author was only fifteen years old at that time.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Gymnasium years


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

During his gymnasium years, Lagerqvist was fond of biology and got acquainted with new literature — A. Strindberg and neo-romantics.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Under the influence of these activities, he turns into a radical socialist.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist carries loyalty to this emotional, intuitive radicalism throughout his life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Only the direction of radicalism is changing: it moves from the original political coloring to the aesthetic and general humanistic one.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Working with socialist magazines and newspapers, Lagerqvist published a “combat” poem “We the Strong”, which was published on the pages of the youth social democratic magazine Fram in 1910.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Poems and novels of this period glorify heroism and a bright future, but, in fact, are considered dependent, with abstract images.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Thanks to the help of Gunnar's older brother, a schoolteacher, and the whole family, Per continued his education in Uppsala, where he went to study the history of literature and art in 1911.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The family of the young writer, who could not boast of excess income, continued to help him for many years.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The experimental novel “People” was published in 1912.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This was Lagerqvist's first book to tell the story of a demonic hero possessed by evil.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

According to the caustic remark of critic E.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Heden, the book “consists of a dash for the most part — but, unfortunately, not entirely”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

[2] In his future work, the writer never returned to his early works, such as “Two Tales of Life” (1913), the book of poems and lyrical prose “Motives” (1914) and the collection of short stories “Iron and people” (1915).


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Early creativity


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

During a trip to Paris, which Lagerqvist undertook in the spring of 1913, he met a group of Scandinavian artists and drew attention to modern French painting.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Cubism had a strong impact on the writer with intellectualism characteristic of this direction, aesthetic purpose, and refusal to imitate reality.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In the autumn of the same year, the aesthetic manifesto “Verbal Art and Fine Art” was published, which tells about the ways of development of literature and painting.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In it, Lagerqvist opposes entertainment literature, contrasting it with contemporary art, which is built on simple and stable elements.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

According to Lagerqvist, this art includes primarily cubism, and in literature - archaic forms of poetry with their simple but expressive language: the Bible, the Icelandic epic, monuments of the ancient East, etc. For Lagerqvist, the use of the principles of cubism in literary practice was, of course, a rather conditional task.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Books such as Iron and People and Fear show the influence of Cubism's ideas on the writer.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In the texts of his works, Lagerqvist compares simple feelings and thoughts, just as an artist compares elementary details on canvas.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The First World War leaves a deep imprint on Lagerqvist's early work.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Already in the 10s and 1920s, the writer's books most acutely express his anti-militaristic sentiments.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In lyrics (collections “Fear”, “Chaos”), in short stories (“Iron and People”, “Evil Tales”) and dramas (“The Mystery of the Sky”, “The Invisible”, etc.), the writer depicts the conflict between the hero and the environment, which it calls “loose” and “inert”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The works present an incredible stylistic variety, ranging from lyrical paintings and motifs to grotesque and satire.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The novels of the collection “Iron and People” (1915) characterize their author as a fully formed master, despite the fact that Lagerqvist himself did not have love for his early brainchild.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writer did not witness the horrors of the world war, which did not prevent him from considering it through the prism of his perception.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

His collection is permeated with the desire to show the psychological experience of the very fact of war and its refraction in the destinies of people.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The echo of the war can also be heard in poems and prose miniatures of the collection “Fear” (1916), which Lagerqvist considered his true debut and from it counted his poetic path.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Thanks to his work “Fear”, Lagerqvist gained fame as the first expressionist writer in Swedish poetry.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

At the same time, Lagerqvist's attitude to expressionism was quite complex.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

On behalf of the newspaper Svenska Dagbladet, a year earlier, the poet traveled to Berlin to report on an expressionist exhibition organized by the editor of the avant-garde magazine Sturm.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Most of the works caused sharply negative emotions in Lagerqvist, not counting several paintings by V. Kandinsky and M. Chagall.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Perhaps this was influenced by the fact that most of the works belonged to the brush of German artists, and the writer's attitude towards Germany itself was sharply critical, since the writer considered it the main the culprit of the war


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Disagreeing with critics that he was influenced by German expressionism, Lagerqvist did not hide his closeness to French Cubism.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Even much later, in 1947, he wrote in one letter about this: “... I have not actually read a single German expressionist to this day... Why do I need it if I am a compatriot of Strindberg and I can go directly to the source.”


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

[3] Lagerqvist meant the late drama of the Swedish classic, the predecessor of expressionism.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In his plays, Lagerqvist attempted to continue what was contained in Strindberg's later dramas.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's best plays owed their success on stage primarily to the enthusiasm of their director, director Peru Lindberg, which, however, did not provide them with a long life in the repertoire.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's dramas lack stage “lightness”, and they are often too static and overloaded with monologues that inhibit the action.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This makes them dramas to read, but not to be presented.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But, despite this, they, like Lagerqvist's theoretical articles, occupy a special place in the renewal of Swedish drama and theater.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In Lagerqvist's early plays, there is some affinity with modern poetics of expressionism.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

First of all, this is manifested in a sharply emotional reaction to the war, as well as in the persistent development of the leitmotif of death — in the first published drama “The Last Man” (1917) and in three one-act plays, published in 1918 under the general title “A Difficult Moment” together with the program manifesto “Modern Theater”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writer's manifesto rebels against naturalism in its stage version, as well as against the tradition of Ibsen's drama and recreating the illusion of reality on stage.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

And according to Lagerqvist, “theatricality”, convention and stylization are not something shameful for the theater, but on the contrary can be considered the distinctive features of the performance.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The nude reality, according to the writer, is more interesting than any strained attempts to reproduce it naturalistic.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist in his plays creates a shaky, vague atmosphere without clear outlines, permeates it with real and concrete details, for example, episodes from the past and motives of personally experienced events.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is the clash of these contrasting spheres that arouses the greatest interest in the writer's plays.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Three one-act plays of the triptych “A Difficult Moment” describe a single initial situation — the transition to the other world and the first moments after death.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writer uses the “afterlife” motive to expose the cruelty and absurdity of life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Following the example of his teacher Strindberg, Lagerqvist comes close to the “theater of the absurd”, one of the founders of which was S. Beckett.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The heroes of Lagerqvist, whom the writer gives a thirst to comprehend the deep meaning of what is happening, are destined to face complete alienation of the surrounding world.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Vivid examples of such characters are: the boy in the third part of “A Difficult Moment” and especially the young man in the play “The Mystery of the Sky” (1919), where the trends of Lagerqvist's early drama reach their climax.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The post-war period until the mid-1920s can be considered one of the most difficult and turbulent periods in Lagerqvist's life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But from the creative side, this period is very eventful and fruitful for the writer.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Not being a financially secure person, he leads a nomadic lifestyle, traveling extensively to Norway and France, Italy and North Africa.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The meeting with Karen Sorensen was very significant in the writer's life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The relationship with her had a strong impact on both the state of mind and the external circumstances of Lagerqvist's life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The marriage between Sørensen and Lagerqvist took place in 1918.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The story “Difficult Journey” reflects the history of their peculiar relationship, alternating numerous breaks and reconcilations.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

During these years, Lagerqvist turned to work in genres such as novels and short stories, poems and dramas.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

His first major novel, The Smile of Eternity, was published in 1920.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It already shows the distinctive features of true Lagerqvist prose, namely the formulation of eternal questions of being, the combination of generalized and concrete, laconism and external simplicity, scarcity of means expressions.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The Smile of Eternity presents, on the one hand, the atmosphere of the kingdom of the dead, which is beyond space and time, and on the other hand, the vital need of its inhabitants to comprehend the meaning of existence, their memories and episodes of their past lives.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

These features echo the atmosphere of Lagerqvist's expressionist plays.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But instead of the pessimism and hopelessness of the latter, the reader clearly feels a wiser and more reconciled view of life, characterized by the lack of reasonable, originally inherent meaning in it.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist in this work creates a very unexpected image: God does not appear to be the almighty ruler of the world, but a modest worker with very naive ideas about the meaning of all things.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

He is the embodiment of a simple existence, in which hope and trust occupy an important place along with the mystery of the universe.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This mystery appears in “The Smile of Eternity” and in all subsequent works of Lagerqvist, in which the writer raises questions, tries to find answers, not daring to hope ever to solve this mystery.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Thanks to this, Lagerkvist's worldview is formed, which is often denoted by the concept of “trust in life” and which prevails in the lyrical collections of the 1920s “The Way of the Lucky Man” and “Songs of the Heart” ”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Even in the simplest and most intimate, the greatness of being is manifested, for example, in the deep memories of childhood, filling the lines of the story “Morning” (1920) and poems about his native Smaland, about his mother, about home.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

There is an incomprehensible interaction of such different phenomena as personal and universal; simple and complex.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The small and intimate world of the family with its naive faith is reflected in the cultural and historical experience of mankind.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In the early 1920s, Lagerqvist attempted to create such a comprehensive myth — “House of Eternity”, but, for reasons that are not entirely clear, takes the finished layout of the work from the printing house.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Thirty years later, the writer uses a small fragment of it as a Nobel speech.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The rapprochement with realism was manifested in the autobiographical novel “The Guest in the World” (1925), which is the central work of Lagerqvist's early work.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In the novel, the writer outlines philosophical problems that will concern the writer throughout his career.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

These questions are about life and death, God, and the denial of church dogmas.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

We are talking about the history of childhood, the formation of the personality of the young hero, his spiritual search, the desire for freedom, growing doubts and the desire to escape from the cramped home world with its outdated perceptions.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writer's attitude to the motive of the conflict of generations in the perspective of time is ambivalent and complex.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Feelings of love and appreciation for your loved ones and nostalgia for a lost childhood coexist with the inevitable feeling of distance from these quiet and honest people.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The simplified style of Lagerqvist's prose was especially appropriate in this story.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In a completely different vein, the second, unfinished part of the autobiographical novel, “A Difficult Journey”, is written, which Lagerqvist based on the dramatic story of his first marriage, which just ended in divorce.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The story remained unknown to the writer's contemporaries, because it was published after the writer's death.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The atmosphere of extreme emotional stress is created by depicting a specific feeling of love-hatred, the image of the successive mutual attraction and repulsion of the characters, their closeness and alienation.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

A significant change in Lagerqvist's life took place in 1925.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The beginning of a calmer and more orderly lifestyle, finding your own home is undoubtedly associated with the writer's new marriage.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's new choice was the beautiful Helen Sandels, whose character was soft and balanced.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Despite the fact that Lagerqvist, feeling like a wanderer in his heart, continued to travel a lot, this was no longer the character of a forced wandering of a homeless person.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist dedicates a significant part of the poems of the collection “Songs of the Heart” (1926) to his beloved and only Helen.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This collection can rightly be considered one of the masterpieces of Swedish love lyrics, and the author himself calls it his best poetic book.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In his aphoristic essay Overcoming Life (1927), Lagerqvist rethinks his former attitude to life and gives it a life-affirming character.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writer glorifies the divine spirit living in man, designed to become free and triumph over the dark forces of earthly life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The aspiration and goal was to triumph over the tyranny of circumstances imposed on man by an alien role.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is no coincidence that Lagerqvist focused on his essay and sought to make it more accessible to a wide range of readers.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In a way, the continuation of the essay “Overcoming Life” is, which appeared a year later, the play “Surviving Life”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Comparing it with Lagerqvist's early expressionist plays, it may seem almost an everyday drama, where a “little” person lives in his shoemaking shop.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Developing the theme of opposition between good and hostile, Lagerqvist created his next prose book, The Struggling Spirit (1930).


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In it, the writer also depicts little ordinary people whose simple-minded need for love and the forms of its manifestation cause a smile, but at the same time raise them above everyday life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The tragic love story “Masquerade of Souls”, detached from the trifles and accidents of being, stands out in contrast against the background of burlesque stories.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writer's work in the 30s — 40s


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The social situation in the writer's homeland and in the world in the 30s and 40s, namely the coming to power of fascism in Germany, the Second World War, the fact that many of the most important problems remained unresolved in Western world and in the post-war period, the threat of an atomic catastrophe — all this, of course, worried an honest humanist artist not only at that time, but throughout his life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The 1930s made major changes to Lagerqvist's worldview, trust and perception of life, and also leave an imprint on the tone of his works.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In 1933, he traveled to Greece and the Middle East, which is a kind of pilgrimage to the origins and shrines of European culture.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist visits Athens, Jerusalem and Alexandria, from where he returns home through Mussolinia Italy and through Germany, where Hitler had come to power just a week earlier in Berlin flags with swastika were waving.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist sees with his own eyes the clash of culture and barbarism, humanism and misanthropy.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The works that came out of the writer's pen in the next decade are marked by a deliberate protest against what he saw and foresaw in the future.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The story and play “The Executioner”, prose books “At that time” and “Clenched Fist”, the plays “Man Without a Soul” and “Victory in the Darkness”, poetry collections “Genius”, “Song and Struggle”, “House and Star” — all these works written by Lagerqvist at this troubling time.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Simultaneously with his political and anti-fascist orientation, Lagerqvist continues to be interested in universal, existential problems.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

His metaphysical reflections flow into the current political context, and anti-fascism is considered as today's form of eternal confrontation of the human spirit against world evil.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Already in the fall of 1933, the novel “The Executioner” was published, written under the heavy impression of the fascist coup in Germany, and the following year Lagerqvist staged it, and it triumphantly takes place in theaters Nordic countries.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In Sweden, the main role went to the famous actor Jost Ekman.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The fact that The Executioner became widely known and was perceived as a relevant political pamphlet was largely due to theatrical performances.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

An interesting fact is that some Swedish public circles, who did not want to notice their danger of the situation in Europe and were loyal to Nazism, took the play with hostility, including threats and attempts to disrupt performances.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The meaning of the work is not really limited to its topicality.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Its duality is achieved by a two-part construction.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The story compares and opposes two parts, the first depicts a medieval scene with primitive, rude and superstitious natures, and the second, the external gloss of people only covers the same ones, essence, primal instincts, and a painful thirst for violence and blood.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Both parts are united by the sinister figure of the Executioner in scarlet robe, who embodies evil and cruelty.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The executioner, who glorifies the cult of violence of suppression of the individual, embodies the ideology and phraseology of Nazism.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

By comparing different time layers, the reader is given the opportunity to see the timeless and metaphysical nature of evil.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The moral and aesthetic analysis of the Executioner's figure acquires the character of denying any violence, despotism, intolerance, without losing its current anti-totalitarian trend.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In an interview with Lagerqvist, in connection with the presentation of his play, noted that “The Executioner” is directed against modern violence, against the trend of human violence... and appeals to everyone who becomes the side of rapists, no matter how they are called Nazis, fascists or Bolsheviks.”


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

A kind of introduction to Lagerqvist's late, “biblical” stories is the motive of searching and denying God in The Executioner.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It seems that the desire of the Executioner, this demon of evil, to become the savior of the human race is unthinkable and ridiculous.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Nevertheless, the tragedy of the situation lies in the fact that the gloomy figure of the Executioner becomes not only a frightening symbol, but also a real threat to all mankind.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But the Swedish writer truly believes in the power of reason and in the victory of good over evil.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

At the end of the story, the theme of the miraculous power of love reappears, conceived as a theme of hope for the future, cleansing from sins.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's book of travel essays “Clenched Fist” (1934) openly reflects the disturbing events of our time in an openly journalistic form, and proclaims the need for a position of struggling humanism.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist compares the Acropolis ascended over Athens to a clenched fist raised to the sky, which becomes a symbol of spiritual resistance to the new barbarism.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist in the stories of the collection “At that time” (1935) returns to satire, which acquires a special sharpness and causticity.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The stories “Outlandish Country” and “Military Campaign of the Kids” are directed directly against militarism, war and fascism; the latter is written under the impression of reports of the Italian-Abissinian war and children Mussolini's troops.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's awakening interest in mythology and myth-making in the stories “At that time”, “Paradise”, “Liberation”, etc.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

is due to the desire to denounce modern evils.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

“The Executioner” was a real success, although Lagerqvist did not enjoy wide readership recognition for a long time, but was a very authoritative figure in literary circles.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In 1940, he was elected to the Swedish Academy, and a year later he became an honorary doctor at the University of Gothenburg.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

On the eve of the new year, 1942, perhaps the darkest year of the war, despite his hostility to public speaking, Lagerqvist addressed his compatriots on the radio with a speech in which he called to remain vigilant and hopeful, to fight and believe in miracles.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

At the end of the same year, Lagerqvist began to create his largest work, the novel “The Dwarf”, which was published in the fall of 1944.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

A decade after the Executioner, the real forces of evil in the world managed to fully reveal themselves and show their true properties and features.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In late prose, Lagerqvist tries to take a new approach to solving vital, in his opinion, problems.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The early period of the poet's formation, marked by “Strindberg” expressionism and before the political novels “The Executioner”, “The Dwarf”, etc.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

, the writer's style was in the nature of a desire for allegory and the introduction of parallel action.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Now the symbol does not remain an artistic device for him, but belongs to a certain area of mythological worldview.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

And the genre of the novel is undergoing a significant change: from now on, this novel (or story) is a myth, a parable, a metaphor.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

And now Lagerqvist continues to combine modernist and realistic trends in his work: in some cases, the motives of doom, loneliness, alienation, fear prevail, in others as opposed to these states reveal the persistent desire of the heroes to soberly understand the world around them, to find a way out of the impasse.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Post-war creativity


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The reality of post-war Europe and the world did not inspire much optimism to the writer.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Losing interest in political reality, Lagerqvist returns to his former general humanistic views.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The age-old theme of the struggle between good and evil continues to worry Per Lagerqvist in the post-war period.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is no coincidence that a writer striving for an abstract-philosophical understanding of truth and the embodiment of universal principles is impressed by a myth novel.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist is more interested in myths about miracles that border on mass consciousness and religion.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Turning to mythological themes, the Swedish writer deheroizes the Gospel, but without encroaching on the canon, tries to show the fine line between myth and faith, between the product of mass consciousness and the object true religious values in today's deathless world.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

For Lagerqvist, myth and religion are comparable, although at the same time faith for him is an existential doubt and he calls himself a religious atheist.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is difficult to find a clear genre definition for the works of the 50s and 60s.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist, conceiving a large-scale novel idea, puts it in the volume of a small story.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's small novels are born from one another, connecting links in a single chain, varying and branching the main themes and motives — life and death, good and evil, faith and unbelief, suffering and redemption...


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

After the war, Lagerqvist resumed his trips to Europe, and in the fall of 1950, after the completion of the novel “Barabbas”, went on a journey through the Mediterranean.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist's impressions of this journey superimposed on pre-war memories of Greece and Palestine and became fundamental for writing a majestic mythological cycle, where the writer recreates the conditional late antique and early Christian era.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The heroes of this cycle are: Barabbas, Sibyl, Agasfer, Tovius, Giovanni.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

They are outsiders and outsiders who stand outside the human community, but each in its own way symbolizes modern man, his drama of alienation from life and society, from other people and God, painful doubts and searches.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist put a piece of himself into each of them.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The first of these works, the novel “Barabbas”, was the decisive argument in favor of awarding Lagerkvist the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1951 and brought him worldwide fame.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The figure of Barabbas is only briefly mentioned in the New Testament.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This is a robber sentenced to crucifixion, but released at the request of the crowd to replace the crucified Christ.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The character and fate of Barabbas in the novel is almost entirely the fruit of Lagerqvist's artistic fiction.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Barabbas is a man of action, he is an individualist and a rebel, not used to thinking about his actions.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The life path of Vyravba, whose fate remains connected with the fate of that unfortunate stranger until the end of his days, changes dramatically.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

He breaks with the past and begins to search for a new truth that is incomprehensible to him.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In the main character, Lagerqvist tries to embody the eternal dualism of human nature, the inseparability in the human experience of good and evil.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Ironically, Barabbas dies on the cross as a martyr.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is known that many Swedish critics, arguing that Lagerqvist's story is a projection into modernity, differed in their assessment of Barabbas, positioning him as unhappy, lost faith in everything, or the personification of spiritual strength.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Very indicative is the statement of the famous writer Eric Lindegren, who refused a detailed analysis of the concept of faith and unbelief, but drew attention to the relevance of the situation when “Barabbas just stands and watches Christ crucified instead of him,” which, of course, “is like surviving a world war while remaining neutral.”


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

[5] For Lindegren, this episode is associated with Swedish neutrality in the World War.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist closely connects the story “Sibyl” (1956) with the novel “Barabbas” plot and ideological.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The works seem to complement each other, like “The Executioner” and “The Dwarf”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The main character of the novel “Sibyl” devotes herself to serving the pagan deity of the temple of Apollo.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Being a primitive, spontaneous, jealous and vengeful creature, on the other side of good and evil, it deprives the main character of the joys, love and happiness characteristic of ordinary people.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

At the same time, her life is filled with higher content, giving her moments of delight and a feeling of fullness of being, which give way to periods of terrible devastation and suffering.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The image of Sibyl has a lot of personal for Lagerqvist, intimate and literally suffered.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

According to the author, he depicts here “Smaland in Greece”, that is, a feeling of stability and reliability among loved ones, and Sibyl's selectivity reflects the unshakable power of creative talent over an artist.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Being both divine and painful at the same time, his creative gift condemns the artist to an eternal struggle, accompanied by loneliness and universal alienation.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Per Lagerqvist thought so.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It is no coincidence that Lagerkvist's final poetry collection “Evening Land” (1953) is in some way related to the novel and has numerous parallels with it.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This collection seems to serve as a lyrical preface to Sibyl.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

A parallel to Sibyl's biography is the story of another God-marked chosen one - Agasfera, who was convicted of cruelty and selfishness.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Like Barabbas, obstinate and rebellious, he is also closely connected with the personality of the author.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

From the writer's need to complete the fate of the most obstinate of his characters, the novel “The Death of Agasfera” (1960) was born, which was originally conceived as the final part of the trilogy, which also includes” Barabbas” and “Sibyl”.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Agasfera's fierce intransigence with reality, restlessness and despair are extremely close to the spiritual constitution of modern man with his disbelief and underlying thirst for faith.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Lagerqvist believed that the birth of faith came from the deepest despair.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The author introduces a new hero Tobius, who, being a companion of Agasfera, is at the center of the story.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Now Agasfera gets the role of a listener and commentator.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The fate of Tovia is the reason for the birth of the new story “Pilgrim at Sea” (1962), and then the final one - “The Holy Land” (1964), in which Tovia, in turn, is joined by his companion Giovanni.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The composition of the originally conceived trilogy is gradually changing and is now being finally determined, combining the last three stories about the pilgrim Tobias.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The name Tobius is borrowed from the non-canonical Book of Tobit in the Old Testament.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Like Tovius, a former student, soldier and robber, transformed by the power of love for an immaculate woman, Giovanni, a former priest who was ordained for earthly love, is essentially an outcast, an extra man, like Barabbas and Agasphere.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It seems that they have lost faith and reliability in life forever.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Nevertheless, they are attracted to the search for the Holy Land by the irresistible need of the soul.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The style of Lagerqvist's prose of this period is distinguished by the motif of development in a spiral: this applies to the actions of the characters and the relationship between the individual and the environment.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Each person must obey his fate without complaint, undergo numerous trials of faith and unbelief in order to find love.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

An elegant author's move is to transfer the action to the past, which makes it possible to achieve a special effect of expanding perspective in time and space.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The epic, which took a decade and a half of intense creative work, did not become the final stage for the writer in the epic.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But the novel Mariamna, which appeared in 1967, although not directly related to the mythological cycle, is perceived as a kind of epilogue to it — and to the entire work of Lagerqvist.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The writing of the story is connected with the personal tragedy of Lagerqvist, who in the summer of 1967 lost his beloved wife, who lived with her for more than forty years.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

This explains the extraordinary strength and genuineness of the feeling in the story.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Mariamna, a hymn to Lagerqvist's loneliness, is an unusual phenomenon somewhat after experiments with a modernist understanding of the myth.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

In this story, Lagerqvist again proved to be a master of composition, a complex system of leitmotifs, often unexpected and ambiguous, confirming the principle of repeatability, development in a spiral.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Love is the central motif of Mariamna, under the shadow of which two polar opposite natures collide.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

On the one hand, Mariamn, full of beauty and purity, acts, representing the embodiment of philanthropy and dedication.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

On the other hand, the Jewish king Herod, who personifies wild cruelty, tyranny and violence.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

His inner emptiness, lack of faith in anything unite him with the former evil geniuses — the Executioner and the Dwarf, and with “other” heroes from Barabbas to Tobius.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But unlike the latter, Herod is not a seeker marked by God.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

He cares only about the material and external side of life.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Through the construction of the temple, Herod makes a desperate attempt to perpetuate his own stay in the world.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

But this harsh and self-contained soul is not alien to human weaknesses.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Herod's love for Mariamna can be interpreted as a longing for evil for perfect goodness and beauty, recognition of her own inferiority.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Mixing jealousy and mistrust with a high feeling, Herod inevitably becomes Mariamna's executioner, but with her death, love continues to gravitate over Herod, tormenting him with longing and memories.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Mariamna marked the worthy completion of more than half a century in the literature of the talented Swedish writer.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The book that concludes Lagerqvist's work attracts the reader with its purity and truthfulness of idea and implementation.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

It encourages the reader to remember that the struggle between good and evil in a person must end in the victory of the former.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

And faith should feed all human thoughts.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

The last story crowns the creative path of the realist writer with dignity.


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Notes


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Main works


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Människor (1912)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Ordkonst och bildkonst (1913)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Två sagor om livet (1913)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Motiv (1914)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Järn och människor (Iron and People) (1915)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Ångest (1916)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Sista människan (1917)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Teater (1918)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Kaos (1919)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Det eviga leendet (Smile of Eternity) (1920)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Den lyckliges väg (1921)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Den osynlige (1923)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Onda sagor (Evil Tales) (1924)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Gäst hos verkligheten (Guest in the world) (1925)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Hjärtats sånger (Heart Songs) (1926)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Det besegrade livet (1927)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Han som fick leva om sitt liv (He Must Live His Life) (1928)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Kämpande (Morale) (1930)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Konungen (The King) (1932)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Vid lägereld (At the stake) (1932)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Bödeln (Executioner) (1933)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Den knutna näven (Clenched Fist) (1934)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

I den tiden (At that time) (1935)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Människan utan själ (People Without Souls) (1936)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Genius (Genius) (1937)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Seger i mörker (1939)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Sång och strid (1940)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Dvärgen (Dwarf) (1944)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Barabbas (Barabbas) (1950)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Aftonland (Evening Land) (1953)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Sibyllan (Sibyll) (1956)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Ahasverus död (Death of Agasfera) (1960)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Pilgrim på havet (Pilgrim at sea) (1962)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Det heliga landet (Holy Land) (1964)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Mariamne (Mariamna) (1967)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

En hjältes död (novel)


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

References


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

at the Maxim Moshkov Library


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category:Swedish writers


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category:Nobel Prize Winners in Literature


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category:People alphabetically


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category:Born May 23


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category: 1891 births


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category: Deaths on July 11


Question: In what year did Per Lagerqvist win the Nobel Prize in Literature?

Per Lagerqvist

Category: Deaths in 1974


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

President of France, officially President of the French Republic (French: Président de la République Française; often abbreviated as President of the Republic, not to be confused with presidents (présidents) of the chambers , the Council of Ministers and other authorities) is the head of state elected by the French.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

General information


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Four French republics out of five had presidents as heads of state.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

In each version of the French Constitution, the powers of the presidents, their functions and duties, as well as their relationship with the French government, differed.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Since 1965, presidential elections have been direct and nationwide (the law was amended in 1962).


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Until 2002 (the law was amended in 2000), the presidential term was 7 years (French: septennat), then 5 years (French: quinquennat).


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

In May 2008, at the suggestion of the head of state, the commission on reforming the institutions of power included a record on limiting the duration of presidential powers in the number of constitutional amendments.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

In the new version of the law, the amendment is as follows: “No one can be elected to the post of president more than twice in a row.”


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Currently, the President of the Republic is Emmanuel Macron, who took office for a five-year term on May 14, 2017, becoming the 25th President of the French Republic and replacing 24 President Francois Hollande.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

See also the full list of French presidents.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The President's residence is the Elysee Palace in Paris.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The castle in Rambouillet, the Parisian mansion Hotel Marigny and Fort Bregançon in the Var department also have the status of official residences.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The presidents of France are de jure co-princes of Andorra and grandmasters of the Legion of Honor.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Current constitutional attributes


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The constitutional attributes of the President of France are defined in Chapter II of the French Constitution.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Article 5


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The President of the Republic monitors compliance with the Constitution


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Through its arbitration, it ensures the normal functioning of public authorities, as well as the continuity of the state.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

It is the guarantor of national independence, territorial integrity and compliance with international treaties.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Article 8


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister of France; decides on the appointment of a new Prime Minister after accepting the resignation of the previous


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Upon the proposal of the Prime Minister, appoints all members of the


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Article 9


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The President of the Republic chairs the Council of Ministers.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Article 10


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The President of the Republic promulgates laws within 15 days following the transfer of the finally adopted law to the Government.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

It may, before the expiration of this period, require Parliament to reconsider the law or some of its articles. This new discussion cannot be refused.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

Article 11


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

The President of the Republic, at the proposal of the Government during the session of the Parliament or at the joint proposal of both chambers of Parliament, which is published in the Official Gazette, may submit to a referendum any draft law on the organization of State power, on reforms relating to economic or social policy and the public services that promote them, no treaty that, while not in conflict with the Constitution, would have an impact on the functioning of institutions.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

When a referendum is organized at the proposal of the Government, the latter makes a statement to each chamber, which is subject to subsequent discussion.


Question: Who is the President of France in 2019?

President of France

When the bill is approved by referendum, the President of the Republic promulgates the law within 15 days after the announcement of the results of the vote.