Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Based on such a contradictory influence of parameters, it can be concluded that their values should be chosen experimentally, guided by the criterion of completion of training (for example, minimization errors or training time limits).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Network training


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

During the training process, the network reviews the training sample in a certain order.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The viewing order can be sequential, random, etc. Some unsupervised networks (for example, Hopfield networks) view the sample only once.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Others (such as Kohonen networks), as well as teacher-learning networks, review the sample multiple times, with one full pass through the sample called the learning era.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

When teaching with a teacher, the set of initial data is divided into two parts — the training sample itself and the test data; the principle of separation can be arbitrary.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Training data is submitted to the network for training, and test data is used to calculate the network error (test data is never used to train the network).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Thus, if the error on the test data decreases, then the network does generalize.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

If the error on the training data continues to decrease and the error on the test data increases, then the network has stopped generalizing and is simply “remembering” the training data.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

This phenomenon is called network retraining or overfitting.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

In such cases, training is usually discontinued.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

During the training process, other problems may occur, such as paralysis or the network falling into the local minimum of the error surface.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It is impossible to predict in advance the manifestation of a particular problem, as well as to give unambiguous recommendations for solving them.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

All of the above applies only to iterative algorithms for finding neural network solutions.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Indeed, nothing can be guaranteed for them and it is impossible to fully automate the training of neural networks.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

However, along with iterative learning algorithms, there are non-iterative algorithms that are very stable and allow you to fully automate the learning process.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Checking the adequacy of training


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Even in the case of seemingly successful training, the network does not always learn exactly what the creator wanted it to do.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

There is a known case when the network learned to recognize images of tanks from photographs, but later it turned out that all tanks were photographed against the same background.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

As a result, the network “learned” to recognize this type of terrain instead of “learning” to recognize tanks [19].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Thus, the network does not “understand” what is required of it, but what is easiest to generalize.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Testing the quality of neural network training should be carried out on examples that did not participate in its training.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

At the same time, the number of test cases should be greater, the higher the quality of training.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

If neural network errors have a probability close to one billionth, then a billion test cases are needed to confirm this probability.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It turns out that testing well-trained neural networks is becoming a very difficult task.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Classification by type of input information


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Analog neural networks (use information in the form of real numbers);


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Binary neural networks (operate with information presented in binary form);


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Figurative neural networks (operate with information presented in the form of images: signs, hieroglyphs, symbols).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Classification according to the nature of training


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Teacher-led training — the output space of neural network solutions is known;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Unsupervised learning — the neural network forms the output space of solutions only on the basis of input influences.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Such networks are referred to as self-organizing networks;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Reinforcement training is a system for imposing fines and incentives from the environment.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Classification by the nature of the synapse setting


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Fixed-link networks (the weights of the neural network are selected immediately based on the conditions of the problem, while:


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

d


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

W


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

d


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

t


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle {\ boldsymbol {d}} w/dt=0}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

, where W is the network weights);


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Networks with dynamic connections (for them, synaptic connections are set up in the learning process, that is


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

d


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

W


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

d


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

t


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle {\ boldsymbol {d}} w/dt\ not =0}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

, where W is the network weights).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Classification by signal transmission time


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

In a number of neural networks, the activating function may depend not only on the weight coefficients of the connections


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

w


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle w_ {ij}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

, but also from the time of transmission of the pulse (signal) via communication channels


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle\ tau _ {ij}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Therefore, in general terms, the activating (transmitting) communication function


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

c


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle c_ {ij}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

from item


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

u


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle u_ {i}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

to item


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

u


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle u_ {j}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

has the form:


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

c


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

f


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

w


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

t


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

u


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

t


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle c_ {ij} ^ {*} =f [w_ {ij} (t), u_ {i} ^ {*} (t-\ tau _ {ij})]}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Then a synchronous network is a network that has a transmission time


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle\ tau _ {ij}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

of each link is either zero or a fixed constant


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle\ tau}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Asynchronous is a network that has a transmission time


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle\ tau _ {ij}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

for each link between elements


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

u


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

i


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle u_ {i}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

et


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

u


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

j


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle u_ {j}}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

its own, but also permanent.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Classification by nature of connections


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Direct distribution networks (Feedforward)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

All connections are directed strictly from the input neurons to the output neurons.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Examples of such networks are Rosenblatt's perceptron, multilayer perceptron, Word networks.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Recurrent neural networks


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The signal from the output neurons or neurons of the hidden layer is partially transmitted back to the inputs of the neurons in the input layer (feedback).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The Hopfield recurrent network “filters” the input data, returning to a stable state and, thus, makes it possible to solve the problems of data compression and building associative memory [20].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

A special case of recurrent networks is bidirectional networks.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

In such networks, there are connections between layers both in the direction from the input layer to the output layer and back.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

A classic example is the Cosco Neural Network.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Radial basis functions


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Artificial neural networks have been developed that use radial-basis networks (also called RBF networks) as activation functions.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

General view of the radial-basis function:


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

f


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

σ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle f


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

(x) =\ phi\ left ({\ frac {x^ {2}} {\ sigma ^ {2}}}\ right)}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

, for example,


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

f


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

e


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

σ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle f


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

(x) =e^ {- {{x^ {2}}\ over {\ sigma ^ {2}}}},}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

where


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle x}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

— neuron input signal vector,


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

σ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle\ sigma}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

is the width of the function window,


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

τ


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

y


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle\ phi


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

(y)}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

— decreasing function (most often equal to zero outside a certain interval).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The radial-base network is characterized by three features:


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The only hidden layer;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Only neurons in the hidden layer have a nonlinear activation function;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The synaptic weights of the connections between the input and hidden layers are equal to one.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Self-organizing maps


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Such networks are a competitive neural network with unsupervised training that performs the task of visualization and clustering.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It is a method of projecting a multidimensional space into a space with a lower dimension (most often two-dimensional), and is also used to solve problems of modeling, forecasting, etc.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It is one of the versions of Kohonen's neural networks [21].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Kohonen's self-organizing maps are primarily used for visualization and initial (“intelligence”) analysis of data [22].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The signal to the Kohonen network goes to all neurons at once, the weights of the corresponding synapses are interpreted as the coordinates of the node's position, and the output signal is formed on the principle of “the winner takes everything” — there is a non-zero output signal has a neuron closest (in terms of synapse weights) to the object supplied to the input.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

In the process of training, the weights of synapses are adjusted in such a way that the lattice nodes are “located” in places of local data condensation, that is, they describe the cluster structure of the data cloud, on the other hand, connections between neurons correspond to the relationship between the corresponding clusters in the feature space.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It is convenient to consider such maps as two-dimensional grids of nodes placed in multidimensional space.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Initially, a self-organizing map is a grid of nodes connected to each other by links.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Kohonen considered two options for connecting nodes — into a rectangular and hexagonal grid — the difference is that in a rectangular grid each node is connected to 4 adjacent ones, and in a hexagonal grid - to the six closest nodes.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

For two of these grids, the process of building the Kohonen network differs only in the place where the neighbors closest to the node move.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The initial nesting of the grid into the data space is chosen randomly.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The author's SOM_PAK package offers options for random initial location of nodes in space and a variant of placing nodes in a plane.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

After that, the nodes begin to move in space according to the following algorithm:


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Randomly selects a data point


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle x}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Determines the closest to


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle x}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

map node (BMU - Best Matching Unit).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

This node moves a specified step towards


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

x


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

{\ displaystyle x}


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

However, it does not move alone, but carries with it a certain number of nearby nodes from a certain neighborhood on the map.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Of all the moving nodes, the central node closest to the data point is the most displaced, and the rest experience less displacement the farther away from the BMU.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

There are two stages in setting up the map — the rough (ordering) stage and the fine-tuning stage.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

At the first stage, large values of neighborhoods are selected and the movement of nodes is collective in nature — as a result, the map is “straightened out” and roughly reflects the structure of the data; at the stage of thin settings, the radius of the neighborhood is 1-2 and individual positions of the nodes are already adjusted.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

In addition, the displacement value fades evenly over time, that is, it is large at the beginning of each training stage and close to zero at the end.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The algorithm repeats a certain number of epochs (it is clear that the number of steps can vary greatly depending on the task).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Known types of networks


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Rosenblatt perceptron;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Khakimov spline model;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Rosenblatt multilayer perceptron;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Rumelhart multilayer perceptron;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Jordan's network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Elman's network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Hamming Network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Word network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Hopfield Network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Kohonen Network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neural gas [23];


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Cognitron;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neocognitron;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Chaotic neural network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Oscillatory neural network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Counter distribution network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Radial basis function network (RBF network);


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Generalized regression network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

D.Smirnov's network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Probabilistic network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Reshetov probabilistic neural network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Siamese neural network;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Adaptive resonance networks;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Convolutional neural network (English: convolutional neural network);


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Fuzzy multilayer perceptron;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Impulse neural network.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Differences from cars with von Neumann architecture


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Computing systems based on artificial neural networks have a number of qualities that are absent in machines with von Neumann architecture (but are inherent in the human brain):


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Massive parallelism;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Distributed representation of information and computing;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Learning and generalization ability;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Adaptability;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The property of contextual processing of information;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Tolerance to mistakes;


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Low power consumption.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Application examples


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Financial time series prediction


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The input data is the stock price for the year.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The challenge is to determine tomorrow's course.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The following transformation is being carried out — the course for today, yesterday, and the day before yesterday is being built in a row.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The next row is shifted by date by one day, and so on.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

On the received set, a network with 3 inputs and one output is trained — that is, the output: course for the date, inputs: course for the date minus 1 day, minus 2 days, minus 3 days.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

For the trained network, we submit a course for today, yesterday, the day before yesterday and receive an answer for tomorrow.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It is easy to see that in this case, the network will simply deduce the dependence of one parameter on the previous three.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

If you want to take into account another parameter (for example, the overall industry index), then it should be added as an input (and included in examples), retrain the network, and get new results.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

For the most accurate training, it is worth using the ORO method, as the most predictable and simple to implement.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Psychodiagnostics


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

A series of M. G. Dorrer et al., is devoted to the study of the possibility of developing psychological intuition in neural network expert systems [24] [25].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The results obtained provide an approach to revealing the mechanism of intuition of neural networks, which manifests itself when they solve psychodiagnostic problems.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

An intuitive approach to psychodiagnostics, which is non-standard for computer methods, has been created, which consists in excluding the construction of the described reality.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

It makes it possible to reduce and simplify the work on psychodiagnostic methods.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Chemoinformatics


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neural networks are widely used in chemical and biochemical research [26].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Currently, neural networks are one of the most common methods of chemoinformatics for finding quantitative structure-property relationships [27] [28], due to which they are actively used both for predicting the physicochemical properties and biological activity of chemical compounds, and for the directed design of chemical compounds and materials with predetermined properties, including including in the development of new drugs.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neuromanagement


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neural networks are successfully used to synthesize control systems for dynamic objects [29] [30].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neural networks have a number of unique properties that make them a powerful tool for creating control systems: the ability to learn from examples and generalize data, the ability to adapt to changes in the properties of the control object and the external environment, suitability for the synthesis of nonlinear regulators, high resistance to damage to its elements due to the original neural network parallelism architecture.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Economics


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Algorithms of artificial neural networks are widely used in the economy [31].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

With the help of neural networks, the problem of developing algorithms for finding an analytical description of the laws of functioning of economic objects (enterprise, industry, region) is solved.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

These algorithms are applied to forecasting some “output” indicators of objects.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

The use of neural network methods makes it possible to solve some problems of economic and statistical modeling, increase the adequacy of mathematical models, and bring them closer to economic reality [32].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Since economic, financial and social systems are very complex and are the result of human actions and counteractions, the creation of a complete mathematical model taking into account all possible actions and countermeasures is a very difficult (if solvable) task.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

In systems of this complexity, it is natural and most effective to use models that directly mimic the behavior of society and the economy.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

This is exactly what the neural network methodology can offer [33].


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

See also


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Optical neural networks


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Artificial intelligence


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neurocomputer


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Blue Brain Project


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Biological neuron model


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Cognitive science


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

DeepMind


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Notes


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Literature


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Other copies online:.


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: date and year (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

References


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

at Curlie


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

on artificial neural networks


Question: When did the concept of artificial neural network come about?

Artificial neural network

Unknown parameter |description= ignored (help) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Belarusian-Israeli relations are relations between the Republic of Belarus and the State of Israel in the political, economic and cultural spheres.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Yosef Shagal is Israel's Ambassador to Belarus.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Jews have been living on the territory of Belarus for more than 6 centuries and are an integral part of the ethnic structure of Belarusian society.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

The first and third presidents of the State of Israel, Chaim Weizman and Zalman Shazar, Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Shimon Peres, Minister and President, Eliezer Ben Yehuda, one of the pioneers of the revival of the Hebrew language, artist Marc Chagall and many other famous Jewish figures.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

About 850,000 Jews died on the territory of the BSSR during the Great Patriotic War.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

At the moment, more than 680 Belarusians have been identified — Righteous Among the Nations, who hid Jews during the war.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Today, about 120,000 immigrants from Belarus live in Israel, and about 30,000 Jews in Belarus (according to the Jewish Agency Sokhnut, from 50,000 to 60,000).


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In 1992, an agreement was signed in Jerusalem on the establishment of diplomatic relations between Belarus and Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In the same year, Belarus was visited on private visits by its natives I. Shamir and Sh.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Perez.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

The first Charge d'Affaires of the Republic of Belarus in Israel was M. Farfel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In 1994—1996, Eliyahu Valk (born 1944; graduate of the Belarusian State University, in Israel since 1971) was the Ambassador of Israel to Belarus.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In 1997—2002. Israel in Belarus was represented by M. Peled-Flax.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In the summer of 2003, the Israeli embassy in Minsk was closed for economic reasons.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Israel's interests in Belarus were represented by the Israeli ambassador to Moscow.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

However, at the end of 2003, it was decided to resume the activities of the Israeli embassy in Minsk.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In April 2000. Israel and Belarus signed an agreement on avoidance of double taxation and an agreement on the promotion and mutual protection of investments.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In October 2000, an agreement on trade and economic cooperation between the two countries was signed.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

History


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Diplomatic relations between Belarus and Israel were established on May 26, 1992. In August 1992, the Embassy of Belarus was opened in Tel Aviv.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Since October 1993, the Embassy of Israel has been operating in Minsk.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In September 2009, A. Motkin was appointed Honorary Consul of the Republic of Belarus in the State of Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Visits


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In 1992, the Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus visited Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In October 1999, a delegation of the Belarusian Parliament headed by the Deputy Chairman of the House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus visited Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In January 2000, as part of the Bethlehem 2000 celebrations, the State of Israel was visited by the President of the Republic of Belarus A. G. Lukashenko.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In April 2000, the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus visited Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On June 7-9, 2011, Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus M. IN. Myasnikovich's visit to Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On May 15-17, 2012 Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus M. AND. Rusy visited Israel to participate in the International Exhibition of Agricultural Technologies Agritech.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Since 2010


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In July 2018, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus expressed concern about the increase in the number of refusals to tourists from this country when entering Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

After the entry into force of the bilateral agreement on the abolition of visa formalities in 2015, an increase in refusals occurred in 2017 and the first half of 2018.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

[1] [2]


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Intergovernmental agreements


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

The following intergovernmental agreements form the legal basis of bilateral relations:


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On the establishment of diplomatic relations,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On trade and economic cooperation,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On the promotion and mutual protection of investments,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On avoidance of double taxation and prevention of tax evasion with respect to taxes on income and capital,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of agriculture and processing industry,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of air transport,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of combating crime,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of education, science and culture,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On the mutual establishment and activities of cultural centers,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of tourism,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of standardization, metrology and conformity assessment,


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On cooperation in the field of healthcare and medicine.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

In July 2002 and December 2006 in St. Minsk hosted two rounds of Belarusian-Israeli consultations between the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at the level of Deputy Foreign Ministers.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

A legal framework has been formed between the countries that regulates interregional relations.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Cooperation agreements were signed between Vitebsk and Rishon Lezion (March 2008), as well as between Glubokoe and Kiryat Bialik (May 2011).


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On February 21, 2011 in Israel, the chairman of the Grodno City Executive Committee B.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

N. Kozelka signed with Mayor of Ashkelon B.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Vaknin an agreement on the establishment of twin-city ties between Grodno and Ashkelon.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On March 28, 2012, in Israel, the Chairman of the Brest City Executive Committee A. S. Polyshenkov signed an agreement with Mayor of Ashdod I. Larsi on the establishment of twin-city ties between Brest and Ashdod.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On September 19, 2014, an agreement on visa-free entry was signed.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

On August 16, 2015, it was approved by the Government of Israel.


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

The agreement will enter into force 90 days after approval (November 26, 2015) [3]


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

See also


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Judaism in Belarus


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Notes


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

References


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Israel


Question: How many Israeli presidents were born in Belarus in 2019?

Belarus-Israel relations

Belorussia


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev (born May 30, 1982, Moscow) is a publicist and public figure of a radical nationalist nature.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Founder and leader of the Russky Obraz movement.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He is one of the founders of the Right-Conservative Alliance (PKA) [1] [2].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In July 2015, he was found guilty of creating and leading the extremist radical nationalist community Combat Organization of Russian Nationalists (BORN) [3], organizing five murders (including including the resonant murder of S. Markelova [4]), banditry and illegal arms trafficking and was sentenced to life imprisonment [5] [6].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Goryachev denies involvement in BORN's activities [7].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to lawyers, they proved the innocence of the accused and exerted pressure on the jury [8] [9].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The Supreme Court did not satisfy the appeal of Goryachev's lawyers and upheld the verdict [10].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In June 2016, lawyers filed a complaint with the ECHR.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Biography


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2004 he graduated from the History Department of the State University for the Humanities (GUGN).


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Its scientific supervisor was O. YU.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Vasilyeva, who later became Minister of Education [11].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He specialized in the Balkan countries.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The thesis was devoted to the topic “The situation of the Orthodox Church in the NGH during the Second World War”.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He enrolled in postgraduate studies at the Institute of Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences,


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

n.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

E.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Yu Guskova.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2001, he was awarded Alexy II with the Patriarchal Charter “For Contribution to the Development of Orthodoxy” [12].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2001, with the support of representatives of the Serbian diaspora in Canada and Germany, he created a military-historical portal dedicated to military history and the Balkans.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Member of the Journalists Union of Moscow since 2006.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Since 2001, he has been published in the media.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

As a journalist, he visited South Ossetia [13], Chechnya, and repeatedly visited Kosovo [14] [15] [16].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2011, together with Komsomolskaya Pravda's special correspondent D. Steshin interviewed Kosovo Prime Minister Edita Tahiri.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2007 to 2009, he was head of the public relations department of the Orthodox TV channel Spas, where he hosted the author's program Network Wars for eight months.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He was also published in foreign media (Serbia, Bosnia, Ukraine) and on the website of the Russian Project of United Russia.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He published the magazine Russky Obraz (together with Nikita Tikhonov).


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2005 to 2007, he organized and led the Obraz advertising agency.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2010 to 2013, he was an accredited correspondent in Serbia for the newspaper Russky Courier and the analytical portal Modus Agendi.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

It has also been accredited by the Government of Republika Srpska since 2013


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2003 to 2009, he published the magazine Russky Obraz [17], registered with the Ministry of Press of the Russian Federation.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2011, he was one of the founders of the Modus Agendi information portal.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Social and political activities


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2001, he participated in the work of the People's Labor Union.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Through Vojnik.org, he distributed the periodicals of Poseva, through Chairman Yu.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

K.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Amosov established contacts with representatives of the 1st and 2nd waves of Russian emigration in Serbia, the USA, Canada, Australia, and France.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He participated in the work of the Committee “Continuity and Revival of Russia” created on the basis of the STC by A.B.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Zubov, a teacher of political science at Goryachev University.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Goryachev made his first trip to Serbia as a representative of the youth section of the KPVR [18].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In December 2003, he participated in the campaign to nominate German Sterligov as a candidate for the post of President of the Russian Federation.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2006 to 2007, he participated in the activities of the Congress of Russian Communities D. O. Rogozina.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2007, he participated in the activities of the Russian Project of the United Russia party under the leadership of Ivan Demidov, took part in round tables, and covered events in the media.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2007 to 2008, Ilya Goryachev was a member of the Central Political Council of the People's Union party.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2006 to 2008, he was an assistant to the State Duma deputy from the LDPR faction N. IN. Kuryanovich.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In August-September 2006, Ilya Goryachev organized Kurjanovic's political tour in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

From 2008 to 2011, he was an assistant to Viktor Vodolatsky, a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation from the United Russia party, ataman of the Almighty Don Army [20].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In September 2007, Goryachev founded the All-Russian movement “Russian Image” by analogy with the Serbian Orthodox patriotic movement “Obraz”, whose leader, Mladen Obradovicsr, he met in Serbia in 2002.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Russky Obraz held street actions and participated in Russian marches.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to the SOVA expert center, the movement tended to abandon open racist propaganda, preferring social rhetoric to it.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to some sources, including Goryachev himself, the movement had connections and funding in the authorities [21].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Goryachev, he cooperated with Nikita Ivanov, Deputy Head of the Department for Relations with Foreign Countries of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation, and Pavel, another employee of the Presidential Administration Karpov; prepared reports for them on youth radical movements [22].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2009, when Nikita Ivanov held the position of adviser to V. YU.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Surkov, according to testimony, it was with Ivanov that Ilya Goryachev coordinated the Kolovrat concert on Bolotnaya Square on November 4, 2009 [23].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The movement “Russian Image”, according to Goryachev, had the main goal of fighting for power, while “not with the Kremlin, but with the left-liberals.”


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On August 10, 2008, “Russian Image”, “Eurasian Union of Youth” by A. Dugin and Rossiya Molodaya held a rally “Radovan, we are with you” in support of the President of the Republika Srpska Radovan Karadzic, which gathered about a thousand people [21] [24].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The reason for the action was the arrest and transfer to the Hague Tribunal of the leader of the Bosnian Serbs Radovan Karadzic and the outbreak of the war in Georgia.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On November 4, 2008, he was one of the organizers of the Russian March, in which the Russian Image and the People's Union party S. Baburin took part.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On June 1, 2009, Russky Obraz held an action dedicated to Children's Day [25].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On March 24, 2009, together with Maxim Mishchenko and Sergei Baburin, he took part in a rally in Belgrade on Republic Square dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the NATO bombing.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On May 1, 2009, Russky Obraz organized a march at VDNH under the slogan “Total Mobilization against Communism and Capitalism” [26].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2009, Russky Obraz managed to obtain permission from the Moscow City Hall to perform the cult Kolovrat band among Russian nationalists, which was the band's first open concert in Moscow.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In October 2009, Russky Obraz, together with Roman Zentsov's Resistance, held Yermolov-Fest in Stavropol, a mixed martial arts tournament with the participation of 40 fighters from Moscow, Stavropol, St. Petersburg, Rostov, Minsk [27].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On November 4, 2009, Russky Obraz organized a rally concert on Bolotnaya Square as an alternative to the traditional Russian March taking place on the same day.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The event was dedicated to helping prisoners and the opening of the Yermolov project, which was created to monitor the activities of “destructive forces — left-wing extremists, liberals who are kept West, diasporas in Russia” [28].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Support for this project was expressed by Maxim Mishchenko, a State Duma deputy from the United Russia faction, who, according to him, cooperated with the Russian Image in a number of areas and called it “Russian patriotic organization” [29].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On September 6, 2010, a Cooperation Agreement was signed between the “Russian Image” and [30] in Montenegro in the city of Cetinje.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2008-2009, as part of the work of the Foreign Policy Laboratory Foundation, he held socio-political events and their coverage in the media in Brussels, Kiev, Belgrade, Banja Luka, Berlin.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He stands for the so-called.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The “right international”, which defines as a natural union between Russia and European right-wing Eurosceptics.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

[31] In the summer of 2010, in order to establish ties with European like-minded people, Ilya Goryachev created the Right World website, dedicated to the right movement and its personalities in the world.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

As part of this activity, he established contacts with Roberto Fiore, leader of the Italian Forza Nuova party [32], member of the Scottish National Party Rob Gibson [33], leader of the Conservative Friends of Russia ” Richard Royal [34], leader of the Swiss People's Party Oscar Freisinger [35].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

It opposes Islamization and Islamic proselytism [36].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Supports the foreign policy of President V.V.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Putin's regime [37] [13]


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In September 2010, the 1st Congress of the “Russian Image” took place, and in October the signing of the Declaration of Cooperation with the Alexander Potkin DPNI [38], banned in April 2011.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

As part of the political club “Modus”, he participated in seminars, debates and round tables.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Goryachev lectured on the history of the Balkans in Russia and Belarus, in particular, in March 2011 he spoke in Minsk at the international conference “Analysis of the Causes of Events in the Arab World. The Theory of Controlled Instability in Action”, organized by public associations of Belarus, Russia and Serbia [39].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In the summer of 2011, Russky Obraz held a network campaign renaming the streets of several Russian cities into Yuri Budanov Street in memory of Colonel Budanov killed in Moscow [40].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In the spring of 2012, “Russian Image” disrupted the premiere of Angelina Jolie's film “In the Land of Blood and Honey” in Moscow, which was negatively perceived by a significant part of the patriotic community of Serbia [41].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Goryachev became one of the founders of the Right-Conservative Alliance (PKA), the founding conference of which took place on February 18, 2012 at the Metropol Hotel.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The PCA proclaimed its task to form a “center for coordination and interaction of all national right forces that disagree with the role of extras in other people's performances” [1].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On a teleconference broadcast from Serbia, Goryachev said: “Today it is time to decide who should be considered a right-wing conservative, and who, disguised as national ideas, is essentially an ultra-leftist , ready to stand in one column with the anti-globalization Trotskyists and destroy the remnants of what was once called the Russian Empire” [2].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Goryachev was engaged in charity work within the framework of the Russian Demography project [42].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He was engaged in concert activities.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2005, he held a concert in Moscow by the Serbian ethno-folk band Teodulija [43].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Under the Ro-Fest brand, he held concerts of such bands as Hook Sprava, Clock Work Times, Faberge Eggs, Clown's Ball, Sokira Peruna, Kolovrat in Moscow, Orel Togliatti, Kaliningrad, Stavropol, Rostov .


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The State of Israel supports.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2012, at the invitation of political scientist Avigdor Eskin, he visited Jerusalem.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

He strongly opposes anti-Semitism in the right-wing conservative environment [44] [45].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Participation in Tikhonov-Khasis case


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In 2010, Ilya Goryachev was interrogated as a witness in the case of Nikita Tikhonov and Evgenia Khasis, who were found guilty on April 28, 2011 of the murder of lawyer Stanislav Markelov, who was shot dead on January 19, 2009 in Moscow on Prechistenka Street.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On May 6, 2011, Tikhonov was sentenced [46] to life imprisonment, and Khasis was sentenced to 18 years in prison [47].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to his own words, Ilya Goryachev met Nikita Tikhonov at the Historical Library in the summer of 2002, after which they worked together under the guidance of A. Potkin in the parliamentary elections of 2003 at the headquarters of single-mandate candidate Boris Fedorov, in the press service of the IPU, as well as in several publications as journalists.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The last place of their joint work was the policy department of the newspaper “Re:Action” in 2005-2006.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In March 2003, Goryachev and Tikhonov published the first issue of the magazine “Russky Obraz”.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Goryachev, the organization of the same name, Russky Obraz, began to form only in 2007, by which time Nikita Tikhonov had retired from active activities in the editorial office of the RO magazine [28].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Goryachev, in the second half of the 2000s, he and Tikhonov parted ways: Ilya Goryachev engaged in political activities, and Nikita Tikhonov spent time in street confrontations with representatives anti-fascist movement.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Since 2006, Tikhonov went illegal and went to Ukraine due to the fact that he became a suspect in complicity in the murder of anti-fascist Alexander Ryukhin.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On November 3, 2009, Nikita Tikhonov was detained in Moscow on charges of murdering Stanislav Markelov and Anastasia Baburova, together with his common-law wife Evgenia Khasis, who was assigned the role of the investigation accomplices in a crime.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Tikhonov confessed.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to his lawyer, he refused to admit that he belonged to any nationalist group, and called the crime his “choice”. [


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

However, on December 29, 2013, Nikita Tikhonov retracted his confession, saying that it was given under pressure.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to him, law enforcement officers promised that if he does not admit guilt, his common-law wife Yevgenia Khasis will be sent to a “men's hut” [49].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On November 5, 2009, Ilya Goryachev's apartment was searched [50], and he was detained and taken to the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in Moscow.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On April 20, 2010, employees of the Department for the Protection of the Constitutional Order of the 2nd Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation detained Goryachev in the center


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Goryachev, the interrogation was conducted by FSB officers, at night and without a lawyer, which, in his opinion [51], contradicts the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Ilya Goryachev, under pressure he was forced to testify against Nikita Tikhonov and Yevgenia Khasis, saying that the latter personally confessed to him in the crime.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Goryachev described his conversation with FSB officers as follows [52] [53]:


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

“I was clearly outlined two possible prospects: to testify and leave the office, or go to Lefortovo, where someone would give it to me. I was also offered an “option” of Maxim Bazylev, who “committed suicide” on Petrovka in a pre-trial detention center.”


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In December 2010, Ilya Goryachev left Russia for Serbia, from where in the spring of 2011 he sent a notarized refusal of his testimony to the court, and also gave explanations to the correspondent of The New magazine Times Evgeny Levkovich.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

However, during the trial, another document was read out — the so-called refusal, in which Goryachev states that he allegedly wrote the first refusal under the coercion of Tikhonov's friends.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Speaking about the origin of the refusal to refuse, Ilya Goryachev said that it was written on November 30, 2010 on the border of the Russian Federation and Belarus, under pressure from special services [54]: “After the testimony I gave me, I was asked to sign a paper stating that I would not come to the trial, because I am afraid of reprisals that Nikita Tikhonov threatened me on the phone, and I confirm all my words remotely. They did this knowing that I could withdraw Tikhonov's reservation.”


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

There, under the dictation, Goryachev wrote an application for state protection, which had been provided to him since January 2011.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Goryachev noted that he wrote a refusal to testify back in August 2010: “At that time, no one except the FSB knew about my testimony against Tikhonov, so there was no pressure on me with the nationalist side is out of the question. Only the FSB put pressure on me,” he stressed [52] [53].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Criminal prosecutions


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On May 8, 2013, Ilya Goryachev was detained by the International Police Cooperation Department at Belgrade Airport [55] [56].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On May 13, 2013, the Investigative Committee of Russia stated that Goryachev was detained at the request of the Russian side as part of the investigation into the case of the extremist community “Combat Organization of Russian Nationalists” (BORN) [57], was also suspected of arms trafficking and ideological inspiration for murders (but not their direct execution) ([58].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Goryachev's lawyers, Feygin and Polozov, all charges against their client are based solely on the testimony of life prisoner Nikita Tikhonov and his accomplice and common-law wife Evgenia Khasis [59] [60] [61].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Defenders also stated that they had information that Tikhonov's testimony was obtained under pressure during his stay in the Polar Owl colony in the village of Kharp, which received a sad prominence in connection with investigations into torture of prisoners [62] [63] [64].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

During the confrontation between Nikita Tikhonov and Ilya Goryachev, held on December 19, 2013, representatives of the investigation answered a significant part of the questions of lawyers Nikolai Polozov and Mark Feygin, specifying Tikhonov's testimony.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Vera Kichanova, a journalist of the Slon newspaper, who had at her disposal the protocol of the confrontation, describes the investigation as follows [65]:


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

“Specific questions — how Tikhonov and Goryachev agreed on meetings, how many times and where they met, whether Goryachev helped the militants obtain weapons, in what form he handed over the lists of potential victims, what I used the email address from which computer BORN statements were sent - the investigator instantly filmed it. Questions about which of the BORN members knew about Goryachev's friendship with Tikhonov or witnessed their meetings were also recognized as irrelevant. The investigation is not interested in whether any materials related to BORN were seized from Goryachev, whether he deleted correspondence with accomplices, how Goryachev forced him to obey his orders and whether there is a penalty for non-performance.”


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

A number of experts and media representatives call Goryachev's case politically motivated.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In particular, there is a version that Ilya Goryachev is required to testify against representatives of the former Presidential Administration, including Vladislav Surkov [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Vera Kichanova, a correspondent for the Elephant newspaper: “The ties of the Russian Image with the presidential administration became reliably known during the Tikhonov-Khasis trial... Vladislav Surkov, who was dismissed from the White House last year, has been repeatedly accused of financing and supervising the opposition — but not yet armed underground” [65].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Ilya Goryachev does not admit guilt.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Goryachev calls the current charges revenge for refusing to recruit, for refusing to testify in the Tikhonov case, as well as an attempt to obtain discrediting information about a number of politicians of federal significance, with with which he collaborated as the leader of the Russky Obraz movement.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

June 5, 2013 The Supreme Court of Belgrade agreed to the extradition of Ilya Goryachev to Russia.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

71] On September 27, this decision was confirmed for the second time by the Court of Appeal. [


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The appeal of Goryachev's Serbian lawyers on the illegality of extradition has been pending in the Constitutional Court of Belgrade since November 2013.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On November 8, 2013, Ilya Goryachev was extradited to Russia and placed in Lefortovo pre-trial detention center No. 2.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The lawyers claimed that their client was in custody illegally, since no court hearing was held for a month and a half to choose a preventive measure for him [72].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In this regard, the defense filed a complaint under the article on the inaction of the investigation, the court hearing on which was scheduled twice — on December 23, 2013 and January 13, 2014.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

However, both times neither the prosecutor nor the investigator appeared in court [73] [74].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

January 19, 2014 Goryachev was transferred from the Lefortovo pre-trial detention center to the Butyrsky pre-trial detention center, and on the night of January 21-22 he was sent to a cell, where, according to lawyer Feygin, he was forced to testify under pressure and opened his veins [75] [76] [77] [78].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to lawyer Mark Feygin, the case of his client is falling apart due to the lack of evidence of guilt, so the investigation is trying to intimidate Goryachev [79] [80].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

After the incident, an internal audit was scheduled in the Butyrsky pre-trial detention center.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

On December 22, 2014, at the request of the defense, Ilya Goryachev acted as a witness at a session of the Moscow Regional Court in the case of Baklagin, Isaev, Volkov and Tikhomirov, whose investigation considers BORN members.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

During the interrogation, Goryachev said that, except Nikita Tikhonov, he did not know any of the defendants before the trial, and he also said that he learned about the existence of BORN only during the night interrogation from April 20 to April 21, 2010 Ilya Goryachev said that he had never transferred money, instructions or other information necessary for conducting criminal activities to Nikita Tikhonov, who concluded a pre-trial agreement with the investigation in exchange for leniency, in September 2014 he was found guilty of organizing the BORN extremist community and sentenced to another 18 years in prison [81].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In July 2015, a jury unanimously found him guilty of organizing five murders, [82] as well as creating BORN and illegal arms trafficking.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

As evidence, materials on the cases of the killed, the testimony of their relatives, the testimony of Simunin, the testimony of witnesses Kudryavtsev, Khasis and Tikhonov were used.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Protocols of inspections of the contents of Goryachev's computer, protocols of inspections of websites and publications, data from the search of Goryachev's house, his Skype correspondence with Tikhonov, photos of anti-fascists and data on them on Goryachev's computer [83].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The prosecutor, referring to the correspondence, noted that Goryachev told his girlfriend that in his environment “there are no people who would not kill anyone” and that he could introduce her to “the real underground.”


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

Meanwhile, the prosecution presented this correspondence only during the trial itself, and Goryachev did not contain this correspondence in the case file during Goryachev's familiarization with them, which did not allow it to be verified credibility.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The defense also protested against the manner of presenting information by the prosecutor — individual phrases taken out of context were read out.


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

The prosecution called the photo with a lamb carcass barbecue donated by German Sterligov a ritual sacrifice, and Sterligov himself was forced to leave for Nagorno-Karabakh during the trial [84].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

According to Polozov's lawyer, the prosecutor herself admitted that there is no direct evidence in the case, but only a set of indirect evidence [85].


Question: What is the name of Ilya Vitalievich Goryachev's collection of works of art?

Ilya Goryachev

In the debate, the prosecutor explained: “Dear jury! It is very rare that direct evidence emerges in the process, usually circumstantial evidence. Imagine sitting by the window at night and there is no snow. You went to bed and saw that the snow was lying down. You didn't see him walking, but you got up and you can infer that he was walking. So it is here” [86].