Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Males in this area have well-developed pores that produce odor, which are often covered with a waxy substance.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In addition, in males, the prickly scales along the tail are noticeably longer and thicker than in females.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Sensory organs


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In bright light, the green iguana has excellent vision, which helps it recognize objects and movements over a long distance.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

But at nightfall, the lizard's vision deteriorates markedly - this is evidenced by the very small number of rod-shaped cells in the retina of the eye, responsible for the ability to see in low light.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The abundance of cone-shaped and double cone-shaped visual cells significantly improves the clarity of the image, and also allows you to perceive not only the colors of the spectrum visible by a person, but also ultraviolet rays.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[16] The latter fact plays an important role in regulating the intake of the necessary amount of vitamin D during sunbathing.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [17] If the iguana is abruptly moved from a bright room to a dark room, it will behave restlessly and try to escape and escape.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Like most other lizards, the iguana also has a “third eye”, called the parietal eye, located on the top of its head.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

It is located in a special hole at the junction of the frontal and parietal bones of the skull and is covered with a large scale, the central part of which is translucent.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

This rudimentary photosensitive organ was inherited by the animal from its distant ancestors — currently it is unable to produce an image, although it has an underdeveloped lens and retina [16].


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Its functions are obscure, but, apparently, it participates in the synchronization of the circadian rhythms of the body with the cycle of changing day and night and in ensuring the orientation of the animal in space [19] [20].


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The hearing of iguanas is very subtle and is able to capture the lightest sounds, but its range only partially coincides with the human range: while humans perceive sounds best with a height of 2 to 5 kHz, lizards from 0.5 kHz up to 3 kHz.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Hearing an unfamiliar noise, the iguana turns its head and tries to identify the object that makes it.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Being a cold-blooded animal, the iguana is unable to maintain its own body temperature on its own, and uses external sources for this.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The ideal body temperature of lizards is about 37 [21]° C, and with a significant increase or decrease, hearing deteriorates, especially in the upper range.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Teeth


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The lizard's teeth are very sharp, wide and flat in the shape of a leaf, with small denticles along the edges.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In the wild, an iguana easily cuts green foliage with them, and if necessary, can bite painfully, including humans.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] When researchers discovered the remains of the teeth of one of the early lizards in shape resembling the teeth of an iguana in the first half of the 19th century, they assumed that they had found fossils of a giant iguana, calling her iguanodon (literally, “iguanosub”).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Subsequently, it turned out that these animals do not have a close relationship, but the ancient reptile has preserved this name.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[22] The iguana's teeth are located on the inner sides of the jaw bones, so they are sometimes difficult to see, especially in young and small individuals.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Other bodies


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

A predominantly herbivore, the green iguana experiences certain problems in osmoregulation, or maintaining constant osmotic pressure.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Plant fiber contains a large amount of potassium, but a relatively small percentage of nutrients, so the lizard needs a large amount of food.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The animal's body is unable to accumulate liquid concentrated urine, and excess potassium and sodium salts are removed by sneezing through a special organ - the salt glands located on the head.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Therefore, lizards sneeze periodically, leaving white marks on the walls of the terrarium.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In Guatemala and southern Mexico, most iguanas have small horns between the eyes and nostrils, while populations in other regions do not have such an organ or are very rare.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[11] Previously, experts identified these lizards as a separate subspecies of Iguana iguana rhinolopha, however, as shown above, molecular studies have not shown any differences in the structure of mtDNA, and the classification was declared untenable.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Moreover, individuals from different populations freely cross with each other.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [11]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Distribution


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

habitat


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The green iguana is one of the most common lizard species [10], whose original range covers the tropical regions of the western hemisphere from southern Mexico (Sinaloa and Veracruz) south to central Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia, east to the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean Sea — mainly Grenada, Curaçao, Trinidad and Tobago, Saint Lucia, Guadeloupe, Saint Vincent, Utila and Aruba .


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[25] [26] In addition, in the second half of the 20th century, lizards were introduced to Grand Cayman, Puerto Rico, the US and British Virgin Islands, the continental states of Florida and Texas, and also in Hawaii.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[26] [27]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Habitats


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The habitats are a variety of biotopes with dense woody vegetation, mainly tropical rainforests, but also semi-humid forests, mangroves and dry, open areas of sea coasts.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

He spends most of his life on trees, usually growing along the banks of slowly flowing rivers.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Iguanas are only active during daylight hours.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[11] [28] They spend cool nights on thick branches in the middle and lower tiers of trees, but at sunrise they try to climb higher, where they warm up for a long time — sunbathing increases the temperature body, and ultraviolet radiation produces vitamin D, which promotes digestion.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[29] [30] It is only after a few hours of friction that the reptiles go down in the crown in search of food.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In inclement or cool weather, the animal stays on the surface of the earth, so it retains internal heat better.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

An excellent climber, the lizard can fall from a height of up to 15 m to the ground and not break (while falling, iguanas try to catch the foliage with the claws of their hind limbs).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[11] [12] [17] The lizard also swims well, while keeping the body completely submerged in water and stretching its paws along the body, and moving with the help of winding movements of the tail.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Invasion


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In Florida, where iguanas live in the coastal zone, they are considered an invasive species that disrupts the ecology of the region.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[23] [26] Some of the animals fell on the peninsula along with hurricanes that came from Mexico and the Caribbean islands.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Another wave of “immigrants” traveled in the holds of ships carrying fruit from South America.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[32] Finally, some animals have been thrown out into the street or escaped from their owners, or are descendants of such lizards.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[33] Iguanas often cause damage to gardens and green spaces.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[33] In the wild, they eat the leaves of the rare Cordia globosa tree and seeds of native Caesalpinia species, plants that are the main food of extremely rare and protected International Red Book of Butterflies Cyclargus thomasi bethunebakeri.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

On Marco Island off the west coast of Florida, iguanas occupy the burrows of a rabbit owl, an owl whose status in the Red Book is listed as vulnerable (NT category).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[26] [32]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Breeding


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In the wild, most iguanas begin to breed at three or four years of age, although some are ready to breed much earlier.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] The beginning of the breeding season most often occurs in January or February, but can vary depending on the habitat area: during the seasonal cycle, fluctuations in humidity occur the first half of the dry period, laying eggs in the second (at this time the soil temperature is quite high, and there is less risk of masonry death from water-related problems), and hatching at the beginning the rainy season, when young shoots provide abundant food for their offspring.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

During the mating season, which lasts about two weeks, males choose a place for future mating, mark the territory with secretions from the pores in the lower part of the limbs, and become aggressive in relation to nearby rivals.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In the wild, direct clashes between them are quite rare, in case of threat, a weaker lizard prefers to leave someone else's territory in the event of a conflict, rather than engage in battle.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

If the ability to escape is limited (in particular, when kept in captivity), animals can bite each other.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The demonstrative behavior of the male is frequent swaying his head, inflating the throat sac and changing the color of the body to a brighter, more saturated one.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[34] A typical combination of polygyny and polyandry is typical for the species, that is, it is not uncommon for one male to care for several females at the same time, and the female cohabitates with several males.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

During courtship, males sniff and slightly bite females by the neck.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [35] [36]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Pregnancy lasts about 65 days [2] [36].


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

At the end of it, females leave their traditional habitats along the banks of rivers, and along the channels of streams flowing into them, go upstream to dry sandbanks and dunes.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[14] A hole is dug in the sand with a depth of 45 cm to 1 m, where the female lays a large number of eggs, from 20 to 71, for three days or more.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Eggs are white, 35-40 mm long, about 15.4 mm in diameter, with a leathery and soft, but strong shell.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[35] If there is a shortage of suitable places, several lizards can use one pit at the same time.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [35] In Panama, there are cases of sharing one pit with an iguana and a sharp-nosed crocodile, and in Honduras by an iguana and a crocodile caiman (Caiman crocodilus).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[26] After laying eggs, the lizard carefully buries the hole and leaves the place, no longer caring for the offspring.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The incubation lasts from 90 to 120 days at an ambient temperature of 30—32°C.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[38] Cubs are usually born in May, piercing the shell with a special fleshy growth on the forehead — karuncle, and climbing to the surface of the earth.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In their color and shape, they hardly differ from adults, but they have only a slightly pronounced crest.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[37] Young lizards are quite independent, although when born they may carry a small yolk sac containing a nutrient mixture for the first one to two weeks.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[36] The brood stays together for the first year of life.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[37] In the group, males cover females from predators with their bodies, a feature noted only in this species among all other reptiles.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

On average, iguanas live in the wild for about 8 years.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

A green iguana can live in captivity for more than 20 years with proper care.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [35]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Meals


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Unlike most other species in the family, green iguanas are exclusively herbivores, eating the leaves, shoots, flowers and fruits of about 100 species of tropical plants.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [37] For example, in Panama, one of the lizard's favorite delicacies is the Jamaican plum (Spondias mombin).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[31] Other types of woody vegetation, the greenery and fruits of which iguanas most often feed on in nature are incense tree (Bursera simaruba), erect tecoma (Tecoma stans), annona pointed ( Annona acuminata), amphilophium paniculatum liana (Amphilophium paniculatum), ambellate merremia (Merremia umbellata), etc.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[40] Young lizards often eat the excrement of adult animals to meet their needs for the microflora necessary to digest low-calorie vegetarian foods.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[31] [37] Animals are not able to chew food, they only cut off large enough pieces with their small teeth and immediately swallow them whole.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Occasionally, iguanas drink water, immersing part of their heads in a pond and swallowing it, or lick drops from the greens.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Sometimes there are reports in the reference literature that iguanas in the wild also feed on insects.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[25] Another source claims that lizards also eat bird eggs and carrion.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[25] However, no published academic study confirms that animals absorb animal proteins.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Moreover, all publications say that all the components of the lizard necessary for development are obtained from feeds only of plant origin, and the protein diet is harmful to their health.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[42] It is true that insects and other small invertebrates may be in the stomachs of lizards, but experts believe that they are swallowed only by chance along with plant foods: for example, The iguana can swallow an insect sitting on the flower bed along with the flower.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In addition, a hungry lizard can eat an animal for lack of other food.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[41] On the other hand, observations at the Miami Seaaquarium and Key Biscayne Island in Florida recorded iguanas eating dead fish.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In his book, Philippe De Vosjoli argues that in captivity, lizards can eat rodent meat without any harm to their health.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Raptors


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Iguanas have a large number of enemies in nature, including hawks and other birds of prey, crocodiles, caimans, basilisk lizards, cats, foxes, ferrets, rats and some species of snakes, including anacondas and common boas.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[44] However, only a small number of them pose a threat to adults, and especially large adults.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

First of all, lizards are saved from predators by the protective coloring of the body, which allows them to merge with the environment.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

As noted by the famous Swiss zoologist and researcher of the animal world of South America E.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Geldi, who observed an iguana in Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century, “a newcomer to these places is likely to notice large old specimens covered with dark leather. It takes a more experienced look to discern young or newly shimmering lizards as they sit motionless in their gorgeous outfit on a pillow of juicy leaves...”


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

When a danger is detected, the lizard first tries to flee, often jumping into the water and quickly swimming away.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[31] The iguana, caught up by surprise, swells and sticks out its throat bag, also inflates its body, making it inflexible, hissing and attacking the enemy with its head.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[11] If these measures do not help, the animal may be hit painfully with its tail, bite or scratch with its claws.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[31] Wounded animals tend to behave more aggressively, preferring fight to flight.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The characteristic behavior when predators appear is sometimes used by hunters.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

It is noticed that when he hears the cry of a hawk, the iguana freezes and becomes motionless.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

When using similar beeps, catching lizards becomes easier.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Iguana and man


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Threats and security


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Currently, there is no information about the green iguana in the Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, that is, its status remains uncertain.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[45] However, the lizard is listed in Appendix II of the CITES Convention on International Trade.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

This category does not include the species in the list of threatened, but declares that “trade in this species must be controlled so as not to face the threat of extinction in the future”).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Content


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Green iguanas are very popular in many countries around the world, including Russia, as an exotic pet.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In 1995 alone, more than 800,000 animals were imported to the United States, mainly bred on farms in their natural habitats — Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia and Panama.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[47] Despite the huge demand, these reptiles require proper and constant care throughout their lives.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

If it is absent or deficient, reptiles may die several years after acquisition.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [48]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

At home, iguanas are kept in fairly spacious terrariums, usually having side openings or a mesh for air circulation.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

It should be borne in mind that the young lizard is growing, and as it grows, it may need more and more free space.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In the wild, the optimal temperature for iguanas varies from 26 to 35°C — for this reason, terrariums are equipped with heaters if necessary.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In addition, animals need a source of ultraviolet radiation that produces vitamin D, a key component for the absorption of calcium.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The lack of this element leads to metabolic bone disease and, as a result, the death of the animal.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The terrarium is also equipped with a thick branch through which the lizard can climb up, and a small pool with warm water.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[2] [17]


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

One of the key conditions for successful maintenance is a proper and varied diet.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The iguana willingly feeds on insects, mice and other meat products offered to it, but an overabundance of protein foods of animal origin leads to serious kidney dysfunction and often premature death.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[17] [29] Most authors strongly recommend feeding iguanas exclusively plant food, justifying this by the characteristics of their body and laboratory tests (details in the Meals section).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[42] The Green Iguana Society recommends giving up to 90% of the diet to greens and vegetables: kale, turnip leaves, mustard, common jerukha, dandelion leaves and flowers, escarole salad, green beans, pumpkin with orange and yellow flesh, green beans, parsnips, asparagus, okra fruits, alfalfa, sweet peppers, carrots, sweet potatoes, etc.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[41] Iguanas are not shown in large quantities spinach, rhubarb, beets and celery.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[29] Head lettuce contains a large amount of water, but does not provide the animal with enough nutrients.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Iguana as food


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The meat and boiled eggs of two types of iguanas, the green and black iguana of Wigmann (Ctenosaura pectinata), are part of the national cuisine of the western states of Mexico, Jalisco, Michoacán and Colima.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

At the same time, dishes made from ordinary iguana are more popular.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The meat is steamed in salted water for 20-30 minutes, and then fried or stewed.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

National dishes that use iguana meat are stewed roast guisado (guisado), salting (pozole, with corn and pepper), birria, filling for taco corn cake.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[49] Coconut stew is also a common dish in cities in the Colombian department of Guajiro.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Cultural heritage


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In ancient times, Mayans believed that the world was located inside a giant house, and four iguanas, called Itzam by the Indians, played the role of its walls.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Each iguana symbolized a certain side of the world and had its own special color.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In the sky, the tails of the iguanas converged, thus forming a roof.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

This Mayan house was called “Itzam Na” (literally “iguana house”).


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[51] During the classical period, in some cities, Itsamna was revered as a god who personifies not only the iguana, but everything in the world.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

God was so great and all-encompassing that he was rarely depicted in drawings.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

At the end of the classical period, the use of the image of the iguana as a deity gradually ceased, but in the 16th century, the Spanish missionary Diego de Landa watched as the Indians brought a green iguana to sacrifice to the gods.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

The Moche Indians, which developed in western Peru, also worshiped many animals, including the green iguana.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Numerous figures and images of this lizard have been preserved, including in the Larco Museum in Lima.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

[53] Also, one of the most common characters in the drawings is a humanoid deity with the head, crest and tail of an iguana.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

This deity, often in the company of another deity in the form of a man with a very wrinkled face and round eyes, is one of the key figures in the funeral procession.


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

In Colombia


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Notes


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Literature


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) (in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link) (in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: date and year (link) (in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

(in English)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Check date values in: |date= (help)


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

References


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

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Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Category:Iguana


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Category:Reptiles of South America


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Category:Animals described in 1758


Question: When was the Common Iguana scientifically described by Karl Linnaeus?

Common iguana

Category:CITES Apps


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Georgy Gennadyevich Malinetsky (born February 3, 1956, Ufa) - Soviet and Russian mathematician.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Former Deputy Director of the Institute of Applied Mathematics (IPM) named after A.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

M. IN. Keldysh RAS, Head of the Nonlinear Dynamics Sector of the Institute of Applied Mathematics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Coordinator of the System Analysis and Mathematical Modeling of World Dynamics project of the Basic Research Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Economics and Sociology of Knowledge” (together with A. A. Akayev and A. IN. Korotaev) [1].


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Member of the editorial board of the journal “Reflexive Processes and Management” and the almanac “History and Mathematics” [2].


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Editor of the Synergetics: From the Past to the Future series of URSS Publishing House.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Laureate of the Lenin Komsomol Prize (1985) and the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of education (2002).


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Vice President of the Nanotechnology Society of Russia (ntsr.info).


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

One of the founders of cliodynamics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Education


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

He graduated from Ufa Secondary School No. 62 (1973), the Physics Department of Moscow State University.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

MV


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Lomonosov Moscow State University (1979, Department of Mathematics, with honors) and postgraduate studies at the IPM Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1982, with the defense of a candidate's dissertation).


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (1990).


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Research interests and main scientific achievements


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Applied mathematics,


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

mathematical modeling of nonlinear processes,


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

nonlinear dynamics,


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

computer analysis and prediction of the behavior of complex systems,


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

data analysis methods,


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

mathematical modeling of historical processes, cliodynamics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Author of more than 350 scientific papers.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

The first works by G. G. Malinetsky at the Institute of Applied Mathematics them.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

M. IN. Keldysh of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1977—1982 were associated with the analysis of non-stationary dissipative structures developing in the exacerbation regime in nonlinear reaction-diffusion systems.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

G. G. Malinetsky studied a wide range of problems of laser thermochemistry and the theory of microwave breakdown.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

A class of problems in which spatially localized dissipative structures can arise at an advanced stage is identified.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

The constructed theory made it possible to detect the predicted effects when laser radiation of low power is exposed to metal surfaces.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

In 1989—1994, he obtained fundamental results in the field of predicting the behavior of complex systems.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Effective computational algorithms for assessing the quantitative characteristics of dynamic chaos from the time series of observations have been developed, which are widely used at the present time.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

These methods have been effectively used in solving a number of problems of geophysics, hydrodynamics, and medical diagnostics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

A number of new approaches to forecasting rare catastrophic events were proposed.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

In particular, new models of the theory of self-organized criticality and recognizing neural networks with chaotic behavior of elements were developed.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

The use of the latter drastically reduces the possibility of false pattern recognition and the likelihood of the effect of “false memory”.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

In 1993—2003, under his leadership, a number of fundamental works were carried out on modeling and forecasting the development of higher education.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

He proposed new classes of mathematical models — dynamic systems with “jokers” and neural networks with variable structure of connections, which proved to be effective in analyzing a number of problems in theory risk, mathematical psychology, a large class of social processes.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

In 2003—2009, under the leadership of G. G. Malinetsky and with his direct participation, a number of computer models were proposed for analyzing, forecasting and monitoring innovative processes in the Russian economy.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Main works


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Monographs


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Risk management.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Risk, sustainable development, synergetics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

— Moscow: Nauka, 2000.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

It's chaos.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Structures.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Computational experiment.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Introduction to nonlinear dynamics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

3-e izd.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

— MOSCOW: URSS, 2001.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Mathematical foundations of synergetics.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Chaos, structures, computational experiment.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

— MOSCOW: URSS, 2005.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Nonlinear dynamics: approaches, results, hopes.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

— MOSCOW: URSS, 2006.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

/Ed.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

A. A. Akayev, A. IN. Korotaev, G. G. Malinetsky.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

M.: LKI/URSS.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Articles


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Mathematical modeling of historical processes//.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

MOSCOW: LKI, 2008.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

ISBN 978-5-382-00950-6 (co-authors).


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

/Ed.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Korotaev A. V., Malkov S. YU.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

, Grinin L. E.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Moscow, Komkniga/URSS Publ., 2007.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

P. 7—20.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

ISBN 978-5-484-01009-7.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

.pdf


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Notes


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

References


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

on the IAM RAS website


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Akhromeyeva T. S., Malinetsky G. G.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Kapitsa S. P., Kurdyumov S. P., Malinetsky G. G.


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

on the “Historical Expertise” website


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

on the RUDN Educational Portal


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category: Mathematicians alphabetically


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category: Soviet mathematicians


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category: Russian mathematicians


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:20th-century mathem


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Mathematicians


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Doctors of Physical and Mathematical Sciences


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:MSU Faculty of Physics alumni


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Teachers of Applied Mathematics Department of Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Employees of the Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Cliometrists


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Futurologists


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category:Members of the Izborsky club


Question: Who was the initiator of the Unified State Examen?

Georgy Malinetsky

Category: Peoples' Friendship University of Russia faculty


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Assassin's Creed is a Ubisoft media franchise based on a series of multiplatform computer games.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The first game was released in 2007, the last, Assassin's Creed Odyssey, in 2018.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Most parts of the franchise are open-world action-adventure games that focus on stealth movement and parkour.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Assassin's Creed games take place in different eras in human history and in different countries, against the backdrop of various historical events, such as the Third Crusade or the Great French revolution, with the addition of science fiction and crypto history themes.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The unifying story, which also touches on the 21st century, tells about the centuries-old secret struggle of two organizations — the Knights Templar and Assassins.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

According to a report released by Ubisoft in September 2016, Assassin's Creed sold more than 100 million copies [1].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

History


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Computer games


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Highlights


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Canadian developer Ubisoft Montreal released games under Disney franchises in the early 2000s.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Patrice Desiele, one of the studio's employees, after releasing Donald Duck: Goin' Quackers in 2001, in which he participated as chief designer, began to think about releasing more” serious” games [2].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Around this time, another development team at Ubisoft Montreal finished developing the subsequent successful Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell and now the studio was looking for ideas for its next major of the project.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

This project was the relaunch of the Prince of Persia series of games [2].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Desilie had a few ideas about this restart.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The creator of Prince of Persia, Jordan Meckner, was invited to Montreal and was shown a short video where Prince achieved his goal through the art of parkour, in particular, running on walls.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

After the video was shown, Meckner agreed to take part in the development of the game and wrote a script for the new Prince of Persia, and Desilet was appointed chief designer.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The restart was subtitled The Sands of Time and after its release became one of the studio's most successful games [2].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Ubisoft immediately began production of sequels and most of the team working for The Sands of Time was involved in their development.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

However, Desile, as well as 6 other developers, were given creative freedom to start working on the Prince of Persia series for the next generation of consoles [2] [3].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Development of the new game began in January 2004.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Desile, a fan of history, began his research on the history of Central Asia and found the Khashashin Order, a 12th-century sect that later served as the prototype for the Order of the Assassins.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The development team wanted to introduce the same movement system as Sands of Time into their game, but the project had to be open world.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

However, the developers did not have an engine on which it would be possible to build this type of game [3].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

For the first 2 years of development, the game was named Prince of Persia: Assassins, but before the GDC 2006 exhibition it was changed to Assassin's Creed [3].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

As the concept of the game became more specific and the team began to move to the pre-production and production stages, the developers realized that they needed to create such an ambitious game help.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The team quickly began to replenish with new personnel.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

According to Stefan Austodorian, an AI and gameplay programmer who joined the development in October 2004, Jade joined the team around this time Redmond as a producer.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

By the time Assassin's Creed was released in 2007, 190 people had been involved in its development [3].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Assassin's Creed was originally released on November 14, 2007.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Two years later, in 2009, a sequel, Assassin's Creed II, was released.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Its sequel, Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood, was released in 2010, and the Assassin's Creed: Revelations triquel was released in 2011.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Assassin's Creed III was released on October 30, 2012.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The next part of the series, Assassin's Creed IV Black Flag, was released and became the first game in the series to be released on the eighth generation PlayStation 4 and Xbox One [4] [5].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2014, two main games in the series were released at once: Assassin's Creed Unity was officially announced on March 21, 2014, and Assassin's Creed Rogue was announced on August 5 of the same year.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The first game was designed for eighth generation consoles and personal computers running Windows, while the second was originally planned for release, as the last game in the series for seventh generation [6].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Both games were released on November 11, 2014 [6].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2015, Assassin's Creed Syndicate was released.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2016, no main games in the series were released.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

According to Yves Guillemot, CEO of Ubisoft, the publisher gave the developer additional time to “take advantage of all the new technologies” [7].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

A year later, Assassin's Creed Origins was announced, which was released on October 27, 2017.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The last game in the series so far, Assassin's Creed Odyssey, was announced on June 1, 2018 and released on October 5, 2018.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

According to Yves Guillemot at Gamescom 2018 in 2019, we should not wait for the release of a new part of the series [8].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Spin-offs


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In addition to the main line of games, Ubisoft has released a number of offshoots.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The first spin-off, Assassin's Creed: Altaïr's Chronicles, was released in 2008 [9].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2009, Assassin's Creed: Bloodlines and Assassin's Creed II: Discovery were released [10] [11].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2012, Assassin's Creed III: Liberation was released.


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2013, Ubisoft released Assassin's Creed: Pirates [12].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2014, Freedom Cry for Assassin's Creed IV Black Flag was released as a standalone game on PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and Windows platforms (there were no versions for Xbox consoles released) [13].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In the same year, another mobile game in the series, called Assassin's Creed Identity, was released [14].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

In 2015-2016, Assassin's Creed Chronicles games were released: China was released in 2015, and India and Russia were detained until 2016 [15].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

The last spin-off so far, Assassin's Creed Rebellion, was released in 2018 [16].


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Movies


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Assassin's Creed


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

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In October 2012, Ubisoft announced that it had signed a contract with New Regency to co-produce the Assassin's Creed feature film, and the 20th company was named the film's distributor Century Fox [17].


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In 2013, the film was produced by Frank Marshall.


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The main role was played by actor Michael Fassbender [18].


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Filming was scheduled to begin in August 2014 [19], and the film was scheduled to be released on August 7, 2015 [20].


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The film was originally written by Michael Leslie [21], but its script did not suit the producers, and it was replaced by Scott Frank [22], who, in turn, was replaced by Adam Cooper and Bill Collage [23] ] [24].


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Justin Kurzel took over the director's chair [25].


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In early 2015, Marion Cotillard joined the cast, and Michael Kenneth Williams and Ariana Labed were involved in the filming [26].


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In January 2015, the premiere date of the film was postponed to December 21, 2016 [27], and production was announced in February 2015 [28].


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It also became known that the film will not have a direct connection with the games.


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The assassin's creed was released on December 21, 2016 in most countries, and on January 5, 2017 — in Russia [27] [29].


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With a budget of $125 million, the film grossed 240.9 million at the global box office [30].


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Others


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In 2009, the short film “Assassin's Creed: Lineage” appeared on YouTube, telling the story of Giovanni Auditor, the father of Ezio (the main character in the second part, Brotherhood and Revelations).


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In 2010, the short cartoon “Assassin's Creed: Ascendance” was released, telling the story of Cesar Borgia.


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Special editions of Assassin's Creed: Revelations - Animus Edition and Collectors Edition include the cartoon “Assassin's Creed: Embers”, which tells about the last years of the life of the elderly Ezio.


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In 2017, Adi Shankar, producer of the animated mini-series Castlevania, announced the release of an anime series based on Assassin's Creed on his Facebook page [31] [32].


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Books


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The book series, based on the main game series, is written by Oliver Bowden.


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The first novel, “Assassin's Creed: Renaissance”, was published in 2009 and is based on the second part [33].


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In 2010, “Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood” was published on the part of the same name [34].


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In July 2011, the novel “Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade” was released based on the first game and tells in detail about the main character, Altair [35], and in November of the same year, the novel “Assassin's Creed: Revelations”.


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On December 4, 2012, the novel “Assassin's Creed: Forsaken” was released, which tells the story of Haytham Canway [36].


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On November 26, 2013, “Assassin's Creed: Black Flag” was released.


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In November 2014, “Assassin's Creed: Unity” was released.


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On November 5, 2015, “Assassin's Creed: Underworld” was released, telling the story of Henry Green, from the events of Syndicate to the final mission for Evie.


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Comics


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After the release of the first game in the series, the “Assassin's Creed: Graphic Novel” comic was released.


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From November 2010 to January 2011, three episodes of Assassin's Creed: The Fall were released, telling the story of Daniel Cross and his great-grandfather, Russian assassin Nikolai Orlov [38].


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In August 2012, a comic sequel, “Assassin's Creed: The Chain”, was released.


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On October 31, 2013, Brandon Fletcher's Assassin's Creed: Brahman was released, which takes place in 19th-century India [39].


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Starting in October 2015, the mini-series “Assassin's Creed: Trial by Fire” has been released.


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Since August 2013, the Japanese magazine Jump published the manga “Assassin's Creed 4: Black Flag”.


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From 2009 to 2014, a series of graphic novels was published under Les Deux Royaumes [40].


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This comic book series has 6 volumes.


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Some elements of the series later became canonical.


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called “Desmond”, based on the first two parts of the game series.


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The first, second and third volumes (“Aquilus” and “Accipiter”) tell the story of completely new characters — Aquilus and Assipitra, respectively [38].


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The next three volumes (“Hawk”, “El Cakr”, “Leila”) tell the story of a new hero, the modern assassin, Jonathan Hoke and his ancestor, Numa Al'Khamsin.


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The plot


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The plot of the games is based on the centuries-old war between the Knights Templar and Assassins.


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The main character is Desmond Miles, a descendant of assassins, with the help of Animus, a machine that reads the memory of ancestors from DNA, he relives the events of the distant past.


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His goal is to find out where his ancestors hid the Particles of Eden and get them before the Knights Templar, and prevent the end of the world.


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The first game in the series takes place in parallel in 2012 and 1191.


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In the first case, the main character is the bartender Desmond Miles, kidnapped by scientists from the Abstergo Industries Corporation.


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With the help of Animus, they try to restore a fragment from the life of Desmond's distant ancestor, Altair ibn La-Ahad, an assassin during the Crusades, in order to get what they need information.


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Assassin's Creed II takes place simultaneously in 2012 and during the Renaissance in 1476—1499 in Italy.


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Desmond and Lucy Stillman, an operative of Abstergo, escape from Abstergo Industries and join modern assassins in the person of Sean Hastings and Rebecca Crane, who developed an improved a version of Animus, with which Desmond explores the memories of his other ancestor, Ezio Auditore da Firenze, a young Florentine aristocrat.


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In the sequel to Assassin's Creed II, Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood, events revolve around Desmond and Ezio simultaneously in 2012 and 1499-1507.


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The plot develops immediately after the end of the Assassin's Creed II events.


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Desmond, Lucy, Sean and Rebecca are looking for Apple Eden.


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Ezio Auditore continues his struggle against the Order of the Knights Templar in Rome.


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The main events of Assassin's Creed: Revelations take place in 1511-1512 in Constantinople, where the main character is again Ezio Auditore.


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The game also tells about Altair's future life and the fate of the Order of Assassins.


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In Assassin's Creed III, Desmond explores the memories of his next ancestor, the half-blood Indian Connor Kenway, and the story campaign in the past is transferred to America during the War of independence and covers the period from 1754 to 1783 [41] [42].


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This game is the last where Desmond Miles is the main character [43].


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Assassin's Creed IV Black Flag takes place from 1715 to 1722 during the Golden Age of Piracy in the West Indies.


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The main character is pirate assassin Edward Kenway, father of Haytham Kenway and grandfather of Connor from Assassin's Creed III, whose memories are explored by an analyst at Abstergo Industries.


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In Rogue, the central character was former assassin Shay Patrick Cormack, who became the Templar.


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The game's plot takes place in North America from 1752 to 1761 during the Seven Years' War.


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Unity takes place in Paris during the French Revolution, where the main character is an Austrian-French assassin named Arnaud Dorian.


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Assassin's Creed Syndicate takes place in London of the XIX century - in the Victorian era.


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The main characters are twins Jacob and Evie Fry.


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Assassin's Creed Origins events take place in ancient Egypt in 49-43 BC, during the reign of Cleopatra.


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Origins talks about the appearance of the Assassin Brotherhood.


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The main characters are Bayek, the last mejay, and his wife, Aya [44], who are trying to destroy the Order of the Ancients.


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Assassin's Creed Odyssey takes place in ancient Greece in 431 BC, at the beginning of the Peloponnesian War.


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The main character is Alexios/Cassandra, a descendant of Tsar Leonid, who must find his family members and stop the Cult of Cosmos, a powerful secret organization [45].


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The main character of the film Assassin's Creed was Callum Lynch, who is a descendant of assassin Aguilar, who lived in Spain in the 15th century [46].


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Gameplay


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The main games in the Assassin's Creed series, released before Assassin's Creed Odyssey, belong to the action-adventure genre with elements of stealth action.


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Assassin's Creed Odyssey is positioned by developers as an action RPG game [47].


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All major games have an open world that is represented by one or more locations.


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Game locations vary in scale depending on the part and can be represented as one city or a small area of countryside (for example, Assassin's Creed III features cities Boston and New York), and the whole country (for example, Assassin's Creed Origins and Odyssey represent the current territories of Egypt and Greece on a reduced scale, respectively) [47] [48].


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Almost all main parts have 2 storylines: each part has a storyline in the past, which in various games in the franchise takes place in different eras of human history; most parts also have a storyline in the present tense [47].


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Depending on the part in the storyline in the past, the player can control one or two protagonists.


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Depending on the game, the protagonist selection function is implemented in various ways: for example, in Assassin's Creed III, the narrative from one protagonist to another passes after passing several story campaign tasks, in Syndicate, the player can freely switch between 2 protagonists, in Origins, in several tasks of the main storyline, control switches to another character, and Odyssey player can choose one protagonist from the two presented [47].


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The protagonists of story campaigns in the past, with the exception of Altair ibn La-Ahad and Ezio Auditore da Firenze, change in each part.


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In the storyline in the present, the same hero is usually the protagonist of several parts at once.


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For example, Desmond Miles is the protagonist of the first 5 parts (from Assassin's Creed to Assassin's Creed III), and Leyla Hassan is the protagonist of Assassin's Creed Origins and Odyssey [49] [50].


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One of the features of the Assassin's Creed series is the use of parkour art to move around the game world: the player can “catch” on any ledge, climb any building, etc. [51] All games in the series have “viewpoints” — buildings or natural hills, which, after climbing, the player can “synchronize” — opening some part of the map (in games before Assassin's Creed Origins) and fast movement points (starting with Assassin's Creed IV Black Flag).


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After completing the “synchronization”, the player can make the Leap of Faith, a fictional game jump that allows you to quickly descend from a building or hill into a softening environment (haystack , water area, etc.) [52].


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Many games in the series also feature collectibles and random open-world events.


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In addition to walking, the game character can use various vehicles: horses, carriages, chariots.


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In Assassin's Creed III, IV Black Flag, Rogue, Odyssey, and several Origins missions, the player can use warships to move and complete tasks [47].


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In all games, except the original Assassin's Creed, the character can swim.


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The mission system in different games in the series has a different structure: in most games, a system is common when the selected task is always completed sequentially, there is no possibility of switching between missions at any time, and the condition for defeat is failure to complete the mission or death of the character.


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However, Assassin's Creed Unity, Origins, and Odyssey use a mission system similar to that of action RPG games, where the player can switch to another at any time quests, and the condition for defeat is usually only the death of the hero [53].


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Usually, missions can be completed in 2 ways: “hidden” - discreetly destroying enemies and completing goals, and “loud” - entering into open combat with an enemy or group of opponents.


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The armament system of the games in the series is represented by various types of swords and sabers, bows and pistols, a variety of devices (for example, a blowpipe with darts with sleeping pills or smoke bombs), and also the “hidden blade”, a fictional melee weapon present in all major parts of the franchise, except Odyssey, which allows you to eliminate any enemy with a single hit if the character does not has been observed [54] [55].


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Depending on the part of the series, the player can face several types of opponents.


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Opponents, like the main character, can use melee and ranged weapons, shields and devices, can block attacks and counterattack the hero.


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Some parts have bosses [56].


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In addition to human opponents, wild animals aggressive to the protagonist are found in some parts [48].


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The games in the series (from Assassin's Creed Brotherhood to IV Black Flag) have a multiplayer mode [57].


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Assassin's Creed Unity has a 4-player co-op mode [58].


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Reviews and critics


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Most of the main games in the series received mostly positive reviews.


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The average score of the various games in the series, according to the Metacritic rating aggregator, ranges from 70 to 90 out of 100 possible.


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In her article about the history of the series, Daria Budanova, the author of the Igromania website, wrote that “millions of gamers around the world, together with Desmond and his successors, have experienced an exciting lifelong adventure”, and also cautiously praised the franchise for the fact that despite the “conveyor”, the “hackneyed” plot and boring parkour mechanics and a hidden blade, Ubisoft turned out to be “a great simulator of an alternative of the past” [59].


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In a review on Assassin's Creed Origins, site reviewer Alexey Pilipchuk wrote that “in the history of the Assassin's Creed series, there has not been a single game that has not been without serious flaws” [44].


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GameSpot wrote in its article on the history of the series that the franchise has always been known for its rich [common] storyline and elaborated fictional game universe and mythology [60].


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Nicholas Cantin, art director of the first Assassin's Creed, said in an interview with Polygon that he believes that each subsequent game in the series is larger and looks more great than the previous one.


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Also, in his opinion, this franchise has almost become part of pop culture [3].


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The 2016 film adaptation received mainly negative reviews from critics: the average rating on the Metacritic rating aggregator is 36 points based on 38 reviews, on Rotten Tomatoes - 17% [61] [62].


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Heritage


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Information leaks


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Information about the games in the series was repeatedly leaked on the Internet before the announcement of one or another part.


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According to IGN, the “leak” of information about the last main game of the series, Assassin's Creed Odyssey became the thirteenth in a row [63].


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The network leaked information about all major games in the series with the exception of Assassin's Creed II [63].


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Information about the original game was first leaked in April 2006, when the Assassin's Creed trademark was registered [63] [64].


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Four years later, in April 2010, users noticed that Ubisoft had registered domain names for Assassin's Creed Brotherhood and Driver: San Francisco [63] [65].


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A year later, in April 2011, NeoGaf users were able to extract information about Assassin's Creed Revelations from a Ubisoft Facebook post [63] [66].


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In February 2012, thanks to one of the employees of Best Buy, information about Assassin's Creed III [63] [67] appeared on the network.


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In June of the same year, a NeoGaf user posted information about Assassin's Creed III: Liberation [63] [68] on this site.


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In February 2013, a leaked poster image revealed information about Assassin's Creed IV Black Flag and its setting [63] [69].


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In September 2013, information about the HD version of Assassin's Creed III: Liberation [63] [70] was leaked.


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In March 2014, Kotaku simultaneously leaked information about two games in the series: Assassin's Creed Unity and Comet (code name Assassin's Creed Rogue) [63] [71] [72].


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Less than a month later, information about the setting and hero of the Comet project appeared on the Internet [63] [73].


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In December of the same year, Kotaku “leaked” information about Assassin's Creed 2015 (originally subtitled Victory), which was later presented as Assassin's Creed Syndicate [63] [74].


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In January 2016, almost two years before its release, Kotaku again posted information about Assassin's Creed Origins (codenamed Empire), its setting, and Watch Dogs 2 [63] [75].


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Information about the last main game of the series so far was leaked by JeuxVideoLive in May 2018 [63] [76].


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Collaborations and crossovers


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Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag introduced the character of Olivier Garneau, CEO of the fictional computer game developer Abstergo Entertainment (which helps Ubisoft develop Assassin's games Creed according to the plot of the games in the series).


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According to the plot of the game, Garno goes to Chicago, where another Ubisoft game, Watch Dogs, takes place.


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In the latter, Garneau acts as the subject of a side mission.


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In another game in the series, Assassin's Creed Origins, the game records mention the Garneau incident in Chicago, which is illustrated by the image of Watch Dogs protagonist, Aiden Pierce, killing him [77].


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In the 2009 computer game Academy of Champions: Soccer, Altair appears as a playable character along with other Ubisoft characters [78].


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Another Ubisoft game, For Honor, hosts a crossover event dedicated to the Assassin's Creed series from December 20, 2018 to January 10, 2019, in which players can get various themed items [79].


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In the computer game Soulcalibur V, Ezio appears as a playable fighter and is present in the game's box art [80].


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Sackboy, a playable character in LittleBigPlanet, can be dressed as Ezio [81].


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In Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands, the same costume is present as an unlockable reward in Uplay.


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[82] In Prince of Persia 2008, Altair's costume can be unlocked using a code given for pre-ordering the game.


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Final Fantasy XIII-2 features Assassin's Creed: Revelations Ezio costume as additional content.


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[83] Team Fortress 2 features 2 promo items that were introduced in 2011, a few months before the release of Assassin's Creed: Revelations.


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Both items are designed for the Spy class: the first item is the Hidden Blade, and the second is the hood from Ezio's Revelations costume.


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In Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots, Altair's costume is available as an unlockable reward, although it was originally just Hideo Kojima's April Fools' joke.


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Later, in Assassin's Creed Brotherhood, Ryden's costume, shown in Guns of The Patriots, appeared as an unlockable reward.


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[84] In Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker, the player can jump into a haystack from the roof (which is accompanied by the “eagle” sound effect used in Assassins' Creed games when the player jumps faith) [85].


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As additional content, Square Enix's Final Fantasy XV computer game hosted a limited-time thematic collaboration festival dedicated to Assassin's Creed under called Assassin's Festival, [86] which took place from August 31, 2017 to January 31, 2018.


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This additional content was introduced with gameplay elements from the Assassin's Creed series, new side quests, mini-games, and exclusive items from parts of the franchise.


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In turn, Assassin's Creed Origins has a new side quest, for completing which the player received thematic items of equipment.


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In the computer game Monster Hunter: World in 2018, a quest crossover appeared for the passage of which the player is given costumes of Ezio and Bayek from Assassin's Creed II and Assassin's Creed Origins, respectively [ 87].


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Notes


Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

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Question: Where does Assassin's Creed take place?

Assassin's Creed

Category:Anvil Engine games


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Fleita (Latin: flauta, from flatus - whiff [1]) is a labial wind musical instrument in which the primary source of oscillations is an air jet that cuts against the edge of the instrument wall [1], called labium (German: labium - lip).


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

The source of oscillations drives the air column in the flute channel and produces a sound of a certain height.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

One of the oldest musical instruments [2].


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

It belongs to the woodwinds group.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

According to the method of holding, the flutes are divided into longitudinal, transverse and semi-transverse (diagonal).


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Longitudinal flutes come with a whistle device (mouthpiece) [1] and without it.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

A flute with a closed end of the barrel opposite to the performer (closed flute) sounds an octave higher than the same size flute with an open end (open flute).


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

History


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

The oldest form of the flute is the whistle.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Gradually, finger holes began to be cut through the whistle tubes, turning a simple whistle into a whistle flute, on which musical works could already be performed.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

The first archaeological findings of the flute date back to 35,000 to 40,000 BC, so the flute is one of the oldest musical instruments [3].


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

The longitudinal flute was known in Egypt five thousand years ago, and it remains the main wind instrument throughout the Middle East.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

It was widely distributed in Europe in the 15th—17th centuries.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

The longitudinal flute, which has 5-6 finger holes and is capable of octave blowing, provides a complete musical scale, individual intervals inside which can change, forming different modes by crossing fingers, closing the holes by half, and changing the direction and strength of breathing.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Now it is rarely used in the performance of early music.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

The transverse flute with 5-6 finger holes was known in China at least 3,000 years ago, and in India and Japan more than two thousand years ago.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

In Europe, during the Middle Ages, mainly simple whistle-type instruments (predecessors of block flute and flageolet) were common, as well as a transverse flute that penetrated into the Central Europe from the East through the Balkans, where it is still the most common folk instrument.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

By the end of the 17th century, the transverse flute was improved by French craftsmen, among whom Otteter stands out, who, in particular, added valves to the six finger holes for performance full chromatic scale.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

With a more expressive sound and high technical capabilities, the transverse flute soon replaced the longitudinal (block flute) and by the end of the XVIII century took a strong place in the symphony orchestra and instrumental ensembles.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Between 1832 and 1847, Theobald Boehm improved the instrument, which has changed relatively little since then.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

It has introduced the following most important innovations:


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

1) placed the large finger holes in accordance with acoustic principles, and not the convenience of performance;


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

2) equipped the tool with a system of valves and rings that helps to close 15-17 holes or even more with 9 fingers, depending on the so-called options and tool system (German, which is the original Boehm system, or French, which is a hybrid of the Boehm system and the Old French system);


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

3) used a cylindrical channel of the barrel section with a conical-parabolic head instead of the reverse conical one that took place until 1847, which improved intonation and leveled the sound in different registers;


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

4) switched to the use of metal for the manufacture of the instrument, which, compared to a wooden instrument, increased the brilliance of the sound.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

(Previously, wooden flutes were most often used, as well as, less often, glass and ivory. As a result of numerous experiments with different materials, Boehm came to the conclusion that silver contributes to the purest sound, so today it is part of both alloys for more cheap student models, and is an addition to gold and platinum in the most expensive professional models.) But Boehm's greatest merit is that thanks to the ingenious valve mechanism, it became possible to perform chromatic scales and works on the flute in all keys without exception.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Modern orchestras use the usual large flute (its timbre is diverse, but somewhat cold, and the sound strength is low), a small flute with a sharp sound (octave higher), less often an alto flute in the Sol formation (its timbre is slightly warmer), extremely rare bass flute (octave lower).


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Longitudinal


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

No whistle device


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Longitudinal flute muzzle


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Kena


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Shakuhachi


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Xiao


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

In flutes without a whistle device [1], an air jet is formed and directed to the pointed edge by the performer's lips and his ear pad.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Kalyuka


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Kalyuka (from prickly [4]), also forcing [5], thorn [6], overtone flute [4], grass pipe [7] is a wind musical instrument that is a kind of longitudinal overtone flute, since natural overtones are blown out during the performance of playing this musical instrument [7].


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

It is a hollow cylinder with special holes made of a thorny tartar stalk or some other plants.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Experts became aware of the use of the instrument in Russian traditional culture only in 1980, after which it was widely used in Russian folklore ensembles.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

In folk culture, it is considered exclusively masculine.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Tools similar to Kalyuk are found among many peoples of the world.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

Playing the kalyuk is carried out by opening and closing the lower hole of the tube with your finger, as well as changing the strength of the air jet supplied by the mouth to the instrument.


Question: How many octaves does the flute have?

flute

During the game, the musical instrument is held vertically down with both hands so that the lower hole can be opened or closed with the index finger pad.