Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

By 9 pm, the revolutionary troops occupied the Central Telephone Exchange and began shelling the Metropol Hotel [16].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Artillery began shelling the areas occupied by anti-Bolshevik forces, including the Kremlin.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The 7th Ukrainian Heavy Artillery Battalion fired at the Kremlin from Vorobyovy Gory.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On Shviva (Vshiva) Hill, where the high-rise building on Kotelnicheskaya Embankment is now located, two 48-line guns [note 3] were installed, which fired at the Small Nicholas Palace and Kremlin's Spassky Gate.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The batteries that took positions at the Babyegorsk dam between the Krymsky and Kamenny bridges were tasked with shelling the Kremlin wall facing the Manege and breaking a hole at the Troitsky Gate.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The VRK guns were also pulled up to the Nikolsky Gate [28].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The newspaper Novaya Zhizn, edited by Maxim Gorky, provides the following description of the events:


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Cannons are drinking, they shoot at the Kremlin from somewhere in Vorobyovy Gory.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A man who looks like a military man in disguise says scornfully:


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

- Shrapnel is being shot, idiots!


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Fortunately, they would have rolled out the entire Kremlin.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

He tells attentive listeners for a long time about when it is necessary to destroy people with shrapnel, and when to “act high”.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

- And they, idiots, roll shrapnel to a high gap!


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

This is pointless and stupid...


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Someone is uncertainly coping:


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

“Maybe they shoot like this on purpose to scare, but not kill?


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

- Why would that be?


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

- Out of humanity?


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

“Well, what humanity we have,” the expert in the technique of murder calmly objects...


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

... Round, nasty shrapnel pellets drum hail on the iron of the roofs, fall on the stones of the pavement — the audience rushes to collect them “as a keepsake” and crawl in the mud.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

In some houses near the Kremlin, shells pierced the walls of houses, and dozens of innocent people are likely killed in these houses.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The shells flew as meaningless as the whole six-day process of bloody massacre and defeat of Moscow was meaningless.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On October 29, a truce was concluded, and both sides were stalling for time, hoping for the approach of loyal units to Moscow.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The truce was also facilitated by the actions of Vikzhel, which demanded the creation of a “homogeneous socialist government”, threatening to allow troops to enter Moscow in case of violation of the truce by one of the parties the other side [30].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Both the Public Security Committee and the VRK agreed to start negotiations.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

An armistice agreement was reached from 12 p.m. on 29 to 12 p.m. on 30 October under the following conditions:


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

complete disarmament of the Red and White Guards;


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

the return of weapons;


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

dissolution of both the VRK and the Public Security Committee;


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

bringing perpetrators to justice;


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

establishment of a neutral zone;


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

subordination of the entire garrison to the district commander;


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

organization of a common democratic body.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

According to other sources, the reason for the concessions of the VRK that went to the truce was Vikzhel's ultimatum statement that in case of non-cessation of hostilities, it would call for a general strike railway workers, which will deprive the VRK of probable reinforcements [16].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

However, these conditions were not met and the truce was violated.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

30 october


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On October 30, anti-Bolshevik forces surrendered to the VRK forces in the 2nd Cadet Corps, the 31st in the 1st Cadet Corps [31], and on the night of November 1, the 3 Moscow Cadet Corps and Alekseevskoye surrendered Lefortovo Military School [32].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

31 october


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On October 31, representatives of the Provincial Council of Peasant Deputies proposed a truce.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On the same day, the 7th Shock Battalion in the amount of 150 people arrived from Bryansk to help the anti-Bolshevik forces.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On October 31, the VRK demanded that the Public Security Committee unconditionally surrender the building of the City Duma under the threat of artillery shelling.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

1 november


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

This shelling began on November 1 and the cadets, together with members of the Public Security Committee, were forced to move to the Kremlin and to the building of the Historical Museum.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

2 november


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 2, the artillery shelling of the Kremlin by the Bolsheviks intensified and they occupied the Historical Museum.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A number of buildings in the Kremlin were seriously damaged by the shelling.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow entrepreneur N. P. Okunev, who saw the destruction in the Kremlin on November 4, wrote in his diary: Think about what a Russian man can reach with his mind!


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Although, by destroying folk shrines, he destroys them only in order to destroy someone there, take life, and not to turn something sacred that has been guarded by him for centuries ancestors from the invasion of foreigners and now destroyed by his sacrilegious hand [33].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On the night of November 2, the cadets themselves left the Kremlin, and an agreement was concluded on the disarmament of cadets and cadets.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Later, Bishop Nestor (Anisimov), who personally inspected the Kremlin, recorded a number of destruction and damage to the Assumption, Annunciation, Nikolo-Gostun Cathedrals, as well as the Council of the 12 Apostles.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Ivan the Great Bell Tower, the Patriarchal Sacristy, some Kremlin towers were damaged, in particular, Beklemishevskaya stood without a top, and Spasskaya was pierced, the famous clock on the Spasskaya Tower have stopped [34] [35].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

However, rumors circulating in Petrograd at that time about the destruction in Moscow were greatly exaggerated; for example, it was alleged that not only the Kremlin, but also St. Basil's Cathedral suffered from shelling, and The Assumption Cathedral allegedly burned down during the shelling of the Kremlin itself [36].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 2, 1917, having learned about the bombing of the Kremlin, he resigned the People's Commissar of Education A. IN. Lunacharsky, saying that he cannot accept the destruction of the most important artistic values, “a thousand victims”, the bitterness of the struggle “to animal anger”, the impotence “to stop this horror”.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

His resignation was published in the Menshevik newspaper Novaya Zhizn (November 3, 1917) and other newspapers [37] [38].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

But Lenin told Lunacharsky: “How can you attach such importance to this or that building, no matter how good it may be, when it comes to opening the doors to such a social system that is able to create beauty that is immensely superior to anything you could only dream of in the past?” [39].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

After that, Lunacharsky slightly adjusted his position and published an appeal in the newspaper “Novaya Zhizn” (November 4, 1917): “Take care of the national heritage”.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 2, the delegation of the Public Security Committee went to the VRK for negotiations.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The VRK agreed to release all cadets, officers and students, provided that they surrender their weapons.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

After that, the resistance in Moscow stopped.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The agreement with the cadets caused strong discontent among the Red Guard.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

In a collective letter from the Red Guard soldiers, published in the newspaper “Social Democrat” No. 200 of 04.XI.17, it was said: “By releasing the cadets from arrest, the Military Revolutionary Committee gives them the opportunity again to rebel against the people. We demand that all arrested cadets and other bourgeois bastard be brought to the powerful revolutionary court” [19]


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Nevertheless, on November 2, at 5 pm, opponents of the Bolsheviks signed a surrender agreement.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

At 9 pm, the VRK ordered a ceasefire.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The VRK issued an order: “The revolutionary troops won, the cadets and the White Guard surrender their weapons. The Public Safety Committee is disbanding. All the forces of the bourgeoisie are completely defeated and surrender, having accepted our demands. All power in Moscow is in the hands of the Military Revolutionary Committee” [40].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

3 november


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

However, the order of the Moscow Military Revolutionary Committee on the cessation of hostilities of November 2 was addressed not to all citizens of Moscow, but to the revolutionary troops.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

He ordered the troops of the Soviets “to stop all hostilities, but to remain in place until the cadets and the White Guard surrender weapons” and “not disperse until further notice.”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The fighting continued throughout the night of November 3.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

In some areas, the cadets continued to resist on November 3 and even attempted to attack.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On the evening of November 2, only a few Red Guards penetrated the Kremlin.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

It was finally taken only the next morning.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 3, three Red Guards were killed in the battles for the Kremlin.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Thus, on November 3, fighting continued in Moscow [16] [41].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

There was no unity among the Bolshevik leadership on the issue of further actions [42]:


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

People's Commissars Meeting


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Nogin's report.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Absence of specific workers' quarters.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The mix and diversity of Moscow.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The phone, the station is in the hands of a revolutionary.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The lack of guns from the cadets saved the day.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

To sub.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

in the morning, the Kremlin was taken, where the 56th regiment was.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The insight of cadets.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The battle in the Kremlin.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The beating of soldiers of the 56th regiment that surrendered ended with shooting with machine guns.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Center, k. R. in Gore.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Duma, security, bronir.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

car.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(Late information. So, we learned about the surrender of the Kremlin only in the evening).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(Nikol was destroyed yesterday. Yard).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On Sunday, the scorer.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The shooting was erratic.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(About 1.500 — 2,000 shells 3 dm were spent.)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(Not enough projectiles).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

You can do nothing with shells.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

It is possible to destroy the whole of Moscow and achieve nothing.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A counter-revolutionary is in his hands.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Duma.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The Kremlin.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Manege and surrounding streets.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Alexander is in the center.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

taught me.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The entire intellectual center is in the hands of con.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

roar.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Counter-revolutionary.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

strengthened and dug in.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Attempts to reach an agreement did not work.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(Juncker was against it).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Our mood was great.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(The night of November 1st).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

It was decided to finish the case as soon as possible.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

It was determined.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

plan.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The former so far the overall is grandiose.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

the battle was exchanged for a number of small ones.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(Battle on Myasnitskaya, shelling of the Kremlin from Zamoskvorechye).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On our part, there was a terrible lack of organization.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

So, the enemy is blinded.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

autom.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

went to the Headquarters itself (ours) and shelled it.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Only after our soldiers turned their guns, fired a volley at the car, drove it away.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Opponents defend relations with the Bryansky railway station.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Fires have started.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The fire was coming to the Council.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Yesterday, the Duma fired light weapons.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

(The Duma has no strategic importance).


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

We took Teatralnaya Square, a guest.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Continental.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Our soldiers have been abandoned.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

on the square, drank too much.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The mood of the Moscow population is terribly embittered


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Soldier units are unstable and unconscious.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The second proposal of the armistice 31 Oct.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

was thwarted by our side.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

It is terribly important for us to set up an enemy camp.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Therefore, it is extremely important to attract Vikzhel to your side.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

This will be extremely important and will give us citizens.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

and war.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

win.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Otherwise, we will be destroyed after we have spent all our energy after a long war.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

We will be crushed by the coming real Kornilovshchina and Kaledinstvo.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Comrade. Nogin considers it necessary to compromise with Vikzhel.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Comrade Lenin objects to any agreements with Vikzhel, who tomorrow will be overthrown by revolutionary means from the bottom.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

It is necessary to reinforce Moscow with creative organizing revolutionary forces from Petrograd, namely a sailor element.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Foodstuffen.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

we are provided with the issue from the north.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

After the capture of Moscow and the overthrow of Vikzhel from below, we will be provided with food from the Volga.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 3, cadets, officers and students left the Kremlin and the building of the Alexander School.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Throughout Moscow, cadets were disarmed, accompanied by mass executions [2].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

According to Y.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

ME.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Soldiers of the 56th Regiment, led by the former commandant of the Kremlin's arsenal Berzin, were released from prison, after which they massacred their jailers [19].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Nevertheless, many cadets managed to escape, and later they left Moscow, moving to the Don, Rostov and Novocherkassk, where the Volunteer Army began to be created [43].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 3, a manifesto of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the Moscow Councils of Workers and Soldiers Deputies was published, which proclaimed in Moscow the power of the Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies [44].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

In fact, the Moscow massacre was a nightmarish bloody beating of babies.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On the one hand, there are young Red Guards who do not know how to hold guns in their hands, and soldiers who hardly realize who they go to death for, what are they killing for?


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On the other hand, there is an insignificant quantitatively handful of cadets who courageously perform their “duty”, as it was inspired by them.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

During the uprising, the revolutionary forces lost about 1,000 people [16].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

According to another source, the exact number of victims as a result of the fighting in Moscow is unknown, but according to rough estimates, several hundred people died [45].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The reaction of the Orthodox


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church, which took place in the Moscow Diocesan House in Likhovy Lane in those days, appealed to the warring parties: “In the name of God, the All-Russian Holy Council calls on our dear brothers and children now to refrain from further terrible bloody battles.”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The Council asked the winners “not to allow any acts of revenge, brutal reprisals and in all cases to spare the lives of the defeated.”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The Council also urged not to shell the Kremlin “in the name of saving shrines dear to all of Russia, the destruction and abuse of which the Russian people will never forgive anyone” [46].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 11, 1917, the Council issued an appeal “To All Children of the Church”, in which it described the events as the beginning of a “great civil strife”, during which for a number of days “Russian guns fired at the greatest shrine of Russia — the Moscow Kremlin.”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The Council called on the winners “not to desecrate themselves by shedding fraternal blood, killing the defenseless, torturing the suffering.”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

There was no direct criticism of the Bolsheviks in the appeal, although the Council noted that “for those who see the only basis for their power in the violence of one class against the entire people, there is no Motherland” [47].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Some delegates of the Local Council served as paramedics during the uprising.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

For example, on October 29-30, Bishop Nestor of Kamchatka and Petropavlovsk provided first aid to wounded citizens on Prechistenka and Ostozhenka under crossfire.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Archbishop Dimitri (Abashidze) of Taurida also bandaged the victims.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

One of the priests even led a group of paramedics [48].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Finally, the Council decided to act as a mediator between the warring parties.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 2, 3 and 4, 1917, delegations of the Local Council came to the VRK (two of them were headed by the legal head of the Russian Church Platon (Rozhdestvensky)) [49].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

In addition to asking not to shed blood, the Church managed to agree at a meeting on November 4 that the revolutionary committee would not interfere with the election of the Patriarch and would allow you to take one of the icons of the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin, and will also transfer Kremlin churches under the protection of their clergy [50].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

After the fighting, the Church began to study the destruction in the Kremlin and bury the dead.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Bishop Nestor compiled a report, which in December 1917 was published by the decision of the Council “for wide distribution among the people” under the title “Execution of the Moscow Kremlin” (but almost its entire circulation was seized authorities) [51].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Funeral of the dead


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Bolshevik supporters


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 7, the Moscow VRK decided to arrange a mass grave near the Kremlin wall for the dead participants of the uprising who acted on the side of the Bolsheviks and scheduled a funeral for November 10.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 8, two mass graves were dug — between the Kremlin wall and tram rails lying parallel to it.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

One grave started from Nikolsky Gate and stretched to the Senate Tower, then there was a short gap and the second went to the Spassky Gate.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 9, newspapers published detailed routes of mourning processions in 11 urban districts and the hours of their arrival at Red Square.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 10, 238 coffins were lowered into mass graves.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

In total, 240 people were buried in 1917 (14.11 - Lisinova and 17.11 - Valdovsky) (the names of 57 people are known exactly) [52] [53].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Andreev Pavlik, Baskakov T. A., Valdovsky Ya.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

M., Wever O., Wirzemnek O. K., Voytovich V. E.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Dvintsy


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Sapunov Ye.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

N., Voronov A. P., Skvortsov G. A., Timofeev A. T., Zaporozhets A. P., Nazarov I. A., Usoltsev M. T. [54],


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Trunov N. R., Gavrikov Ya.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

V., Vladimirov S. V., Inyushev A. A., Nedelkin T. F., Timofeev G.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

“The Kremlin”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Dudinsky I. A., Agafoshin S., Goryunov S., Zvonov, |Zimin I., Ivanov I., Kokorev S., Kosarev A., Kospyanik P., Krashenilnikov V., Leschikov A., Lizenko F., Lysenkov F., Petukhov I., Romanov V., Ryzhev M., Smirnov A., Sologudinov F., Soplyakov, Fedorov S., Khokhlov S., Tsiplyakov S., Shefarevich V.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Elagin G. L. , Zvejnek J.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

E.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

, Kireev A. A.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Lisinova L. A., Mikhailov L. F., Morozov V. E.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

“Scooters”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Tomsky G. V., Drozdov F., Esaulov D.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Sakharov, Snegirev N. M., Stepachev I. G., Sukharev A. A., Shiryaev S. A., Shcherbakov P. P.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The Council of the Russian Orthodox Church condemned such a burial.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On November 17, 1917, he adopted a resolution in which he announced that “in a deliberate burial under the walls of the Kremlin without church prayer, people who desecrated his shrines destroyed it temples and, having raised the banner of fratricidal war, outraged the people's conscience, the Council sees an obvious and


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

deliberate insult to the church and disrespect for the shrine” [55].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Supporters of Provisional


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The dead cadets and officers performed the funeral service on November 13 in the Church of the Great Ascension at the Nikitsky Gate.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A crowd of thousands gathered around the church.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

The funeral procession went along Tverskoy Boulevard and Petrogradskoye Shosse to the Brethren Cemetery.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Panihidas were held in all churches along the way.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Most of the coffins were carried in their arms.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

By evening, in the dark, the procession entered the cemetery and, in the light of torches, the coffins began to be lowered into the grave.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Metropolitan Eulogy recalled his impressions of what happened: An unprecedented, tragic picture.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

I was shocked... In my tombstone, I pointed out an evil irony of fate: young people who sought political freedom, fought so fervently and sacrificed for it, were even ready for acts of terror — fell victim a dream come true... [56]


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Impressed by this funeral, Alexander Vertinsky wrote the well-known song “What I Must Say” [57] [58].


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

78 years later, on November 17, 1995, a memorial cross was installed on the territory of the former Brethren Cemetery with the inscription: “Junkers. We died for our freedom and yours.”


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A crown of thorns made of barbed wire was fixed above the inscription.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Now the cross has been moved to the Memorial of Reconciliation of Peoples near the Church of All Saints near the Sokol metro station.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

See also


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow during the Civil War


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Notes


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Notes


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Footnotes


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Literature


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A. M. Atabekyan, “” (Moscow 1917)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

On the barricades of Moscow.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Memories.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Papers.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Materials.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow: 1975


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Preparation and victory of the October Revolution in Moscow.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Documents and materials.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow: 1957


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

October in Moscow.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow: 1967


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Mints I. AND. History of the Great October Revolution.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

VOL. 3.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow: 1973


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Grunt A. ME.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow, 1917.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Revolution and counter-revolution.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow: 1976


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Moscow Military Revolutionary Committee.


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

M: 1968


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Milyukov P. N. “History of the Second Russian Revolution”, Minsk, 2002


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

References


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Bishop Nestor of Kamchatka


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Jan Peche


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Sergei Yakovlevich Efron


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

L. N. Treskin


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

A. G. Nevzorov


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Aleksandr Vertinsky


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Aleksandr Galich


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Unknown parameter |deadlink= ignored (|dead-url= suggested) (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Category:Events of the October Revolution


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Category: November 1917


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Category:1917 in Moscow


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Category:Uprisings in Moscow


Question: Are there street fights in Russia?

October Armed Uprising in Moscow (1917)

Category:20th-century uprisings


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Pensions in Russia is a set of legal, economic and organizational institutions and norms operating in the Russian Federation (RF) aimed at providing citizens with material support in the form of a pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In autumn 2018, a law was adopted to improve the pension system of the Russian Federation, which provides for an increase in the retirement age for the majority of citizens of the country, as well as a number of other, less radical changes [1].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The reform began in 2019.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

History


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Ancient Russia, Tsarist Russia (until 1917)


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

For the first time, pensions appeared in Russia in ancient times: princes and governors provided members of their squads in case of injuries and in old age.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Until the 19th century, pensions were selective and affected primarily the military class.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Impeccable service was a prerequisite for receiving a pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Under Paul the First, if, upon completion of military service, a citizen entered the civil service, the pension was not paid, but a supplement was established so that the maintenance was not less than the pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the 1820s, the “Charter on pensions and lump-sum benefits for civil servants (military and civilian)” was adopted, and a centralized pension fund was created within the Ministry of Finance for payments pensions and benefits.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the second half of the 19th century, pensions, in addition to military and civil servants, began to cover employees of private enterprises [2].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

By the end of the existence of the Russian Empire, pensions were both private and public, and in the system of additional social security at the end of the XIX century there were 200 departmental emerital cash desks.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Despite this, the pension system covered less than a third of the population [3].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

By 1914, officials, officers and warrant officers, teachers, scientists and engineers of state-owned factories, doctors and paramedics of state-owned hospitals and workers of state-owned factories received pensions [4].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Soviet period (1917—1991)


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

With the change of the political regime in 1917, he was taken on a course to give pensions a mass character instead of exclusivity and privilege.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 1917, a resolution “On the issuance of interest supplements to the pensions of the military mutilated” was issued, in 1918 - a resolution “On


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

approval of the Regulation on Social Security for Workers”.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 1924, pensions for long service for researchers and university professors began to be paid.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

And in 1925, a pension for long service was introduced for teachers of urban and rural schools.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The size of pensions depended on the level of earnings, working conditions and family composition [2].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The ratio of the number of pensioners to able-bodied citizens has changed over time: in 1926, with a total population of 92.681 million people, there were 7.945 million pensioners and 47.830 million able-bodied population (1:6), in 1959, with a total population of 117.534 million people, there were 13.827 million pensioners and 68.609 million able-bodied population (1:5), in 1979 with a total the population of 137.410 million people was 22.436 million pensioners and 82.959 million able-bodied population (1:4), in 2009, with a total population of 141.904 million people, it was 30.97 million pensioners and 89.266 million able-bodied population (1:3), and, according to forecasts, in 2020 there will be 36 million pensioners and 79 million able-bodied population (1:2) [5].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 1929, pensions were established as social insurance against old age, and in 1932, pensions were introduced for workers in all sectors of the national economy [6].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

By the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Election Commission of the USSR of February 1, 1932, collective farms received the right to create mutual public assistance funds to support collective farmers in case of disability, old age, illness, pregnancy and childbirth [7].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

At that time, there was no separate pension fund: all enterprises paid taxes to the country's budget, from which all expenses, including social security and pensions, were financed.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 1956, the Law “On State Pensions” was adopted, which spelled out guarantees of the state pension, uniform grounds for granting pensions, a single age and requirements for work experience, and a single the procedure for calculating the amount of pensions [8].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

However, for collective farmers, state pensions were established by the 1964 Law “On Pensions and Benefits to Collective Farm Members” [9]: until 1965, pensions for collective farmers were established by each collective farm separately depending on the size of its own funds, so the amount of pension contributions and the amount of pension payments varied from collective farm to collective farm [10].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

With the introduction of a pension for collective farmers in 1964, a unified state pension system was established in the country [11].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In Soviet times, formally, employees themselves did not contribute anything to the pension system: contributions to the pension system came from public consumption funds, which were filled from the state budget and deductions from enterprises (from 4 to 12% of the wage fund, depending on the specific industry).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Problems in pensions began in Soviet times: the number of pensioners increased from 13.7 million to 33.8 million in 1961-1990, which, while the tariffs for deductions of enterprises remained unchanged, forced the state to increase funding for pensions: by 1980, the share of subsidies from the Union budget in the state social insurance budget reached 60% [12].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Post-Soviet Russia (1991—2010s)


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the 1990s, the pension system was being reformed and pensions for pensioners began to be paid from the contributions of enterprises to the Pension Fund.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

According to the 1990 law, the rate of contributions to the Pension Fund was set at 28 per cent of the wage fund for enterprises, and 1 per cent of wages for employees.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In December 1991, the Pension Fund of Russia was established.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the first years, due to rising prices, pensions were constantly increased.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

But, despite the increase in pensions, in 1992-1994, the income of the Pension Fund consistently exceeded expenses for two reasons: firstly, tariffs for enterprises were annually revised on the basis of the expected expenses of the Pension Fund, secondly, the collection of pension contributions at that time was high due to the not yet common practice of evasion of taxes and fees [12].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The increase in the number of pensioners while reducing the number of employees, as well as the growth of defaulters among enterprises due to the financial crisis, forced to keep tariffs to cover the deficit of the Pension Fund contributions to the pension fund at 29 per cent in the mid - 1990s.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

As a result of such high tariffs, the evasion of contributions to the Pension Fund has increased by enterprises: for example, according to G. A. Yaremenko, the actual rate of deductions to the Pension Fund (calculated as the ratio of the actual volume of insurance premiums received by the Pension Fund to the accrued wage fund of all employed in the economy) amounted to in 1996, only 18% [13].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2009, the replacement rate was 28% with the minimum ILO recommended 40% [15].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Estimates and forecasts of the 2010s


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the early to mid-2010s, macroeconomic forecasts for the period up to 2030 were made regarding pensions in Russia, the most important parameters are given in the tables below [16].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2017, there were 2.4 people of working age per pensioner in the country, but for each pensioner there were 1.9 working citizens — 43 million pensioners accounted for 83 million working citizens, while an estimated 15 million workers in the shadow sector of the economy do not pay contributions to the pension fund [17].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

However, the number of payers of pension contributions is much smaller than the number of working age due to the presence of economically inactive population, unemployed and informally employed.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The number of pensioners will exceed the number of payers of pension contributions, according to some forecasts, in 2028, and according to others — after 2030 [16].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2013-2014, the first quantitative proposals for raising the retirement age in the Russian Federation appeared (at the level of scientific discussion, without public discussions) [16]; they are currently no longer relevant — other options are being discussed.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

At that time, it was a hypothetical increase in the retirement age of men and women to 63 years by 2030 and the risks of such an increase [16].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Modernity (since 2015): general information


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Russia has a system of compulsory pension insurance and pensions are guaranteed to all citizens of the country [18].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The pension system of Russia in its modern form was introduced on January 1, 2015 and includes relations on the formation, appointment and payment of the following types of pensions: social (due to everyone outside depending on the length of service), insurance (due only to those who managed to accumulate the required number of pension points) and funded (only a minority of pensioners managed to accumulate it) [19].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

There are also supplements to the pension for children [20] [21] [22] [23].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2017, 43 million Russian citizens received pensions [1].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

A pension calculator is used to calculate the size of the future pension [24].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

According to some estimates, the “gray salary” can reduce the size of the future pension by half [25].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

There are 3 grounds for granting an old-age insurance pension: reaching retirement age (by the end of 2018, in the standard case: 60 years for men and 55 years for women), availability of the necessary insurance (work) length of service and a sufficient amount of the individual pension coefficient (point).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

At the same time, the required length of service and the value of the individual pension coefficient will constantly increase.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

With a predominantly shadow salary, people may not score points for an insurance pension at all [19] [26].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

For 2018, the tariff rate for contributions to the pension fund is 22% [27] [28] for insurance premiums not exceeding a certain amount, and if it is exceeded, 10% [29].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The maximum value of the base above which the reduced rate of insurance premiums is charged changes every year and, for example, in 2019 it was 1,150,000 rubles for the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and 865,000 for the Social Insurance Fund [30].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

An individual personal account is opened for each person who pays contributions to the pension fund [31].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

According to the AgeWatch index, in 2014, Russia ranked 65th in the overall ranking in terms of life security for pensioners, and 21st in terms of employment and education [32].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

According to other sources, Russia ranks 40th out of 43 countries in terms of living conditions for pensioners [33] [34].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

At the same time, the pension of the head of Khanty-Mansiysk is 127,000-213,000 rubles, with an average pension in the region of 18,200 rubles, the head of Yekaterinburg receives a superannuation benefit from 107,000 to 156,000 rubles with an average pensions in the region of 13,600 rubles, the mayor of Voronezh in 2017 received from 190,000 to 320,000 rubles with an average pension of no more than 11,000 rubles, the head of Ulan-Ude received 190,000-260,000 rubles with an average pension 12,700 rubles, and the head of Rostov-on-Don receives 122,000—166,000 rubles [35].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Military pensioners have the right to receive a second (insurance) pension, but the conditions for receiving it have been greatly tightened since 2015 [36].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the pension system of the Russian Federation at the federal level, there are two types of pensions that differ in the source of their financial support:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The first and main type is insurance pensions, which are received by the majority of pensioners in Russia.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The right to such a pension arises from the payment of insurance contributions to the compulsory pension insurance system over a certain period of time.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The main source of payment of these pensions is funds generated from these insurance contributions.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Insurance pensions are established in accordance with the Federal Law “On Insurance Pensions” of December 28, 2013 N 400-FZ.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The second type includes state pension pensions, which are paid at the expense of the federal budget.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

These pensions are outside the compulsory pension insurance system.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The right to these pensions does not arise due to the fact that during the period of work or other activity, mandatory pension insurance contributions were paid for the relevant citizen (unified social tax ( contribution)), and due to other circumstances defined in Federal Law No. 166-FZ of December 15, 2001 “On State Pensions in the Russian Federation”.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

58-FZ of 27.05.03 “On the System of Civil Service of the Russian Federation”, this system includes the following types of civil service: state civil service, military service, law enforcement service.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The state civil service is divided into the federal state civil service and the state civil service of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation [3].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The additional payment to the pension of deputies of the State Duma is established in such an amount that the amount of the pension and additional payments to it in the exercise of the powers of a deputy from one to three years is 55%, and powers of a deputy for more than three years — 75% of the monthly monetary remuneration of a State Duma deputy.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The amount of the surcharge is recalculated when the remuneration paid to deputies of the State Duma increases [4].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2017, the average pension in Russia was 13.7 thousand rubles [37].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The rate of insurance premiums to the Pension Fund in 2017 was 22% [28].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Current changes (2019 onwards)


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In autumn 2018, despite mass protests of Russians, a law was adopted to raise the retirement age (the exact name of the document: “Federal Law No. 350-FZ of 03.10.2018 “On Amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation on the appointment and payment of pensions “”).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

According to the adopted scheme [38], while maintaining the previous structure of the pension system as a whole, the age of retirement for men (women) born in 1959 (1964) will increase to 60.5 ( 55.5) years, 1960 (1965) years of birth - up to 61.5 (56.5) years, 1961 (1966) - up to 63 (58) years, 1962 (1967) - up to 64 (59) years, and from 1963 (1968) year of birth will be 65 (60) years.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

At the same time, the social pension age will increase: for example, men (women) born in 1954 (1959) will be able to receive it at 65.5 (60.5) years, and from 1958 (1963) year of birth only at 70 (65) years.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Since 2019, Russian pensioners who have reached the age of 80 have received the right to an old-age pension supplement in the amount of 5,334 rubles (the fixed payment in 2018 was 4,892 rubles).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Insurance pension and its types


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Insurance pension is a monthly cash payment to persons who have reached retirement age.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The law establishes the following types of labor pensions [5]:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

old-age insurance pension;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

disability insurance pension;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

insurance pension in case of loss of the breadwinner.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The payment of a labor pension is financed at the expense of insurance contributions paid by employers.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The insurance premium rate consists of a joint and several parts.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Only the individual part of the tariff is reflected in the accounts of insured persons, and the joint part is used to pay a fixed pension payment.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The general rates of insurance contributions for pension insurance in 2017 are: [6]


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Old age insurance pension


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

An old-age insurance pension is a monthly cash payment in order to compensate insured persons for wages and other payments and remuneration lost by them due to the onset of incapacity for work due to old age when reaching the legal age.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Until 2018, men who have reached the age of 60 and women who have reached the age of 55 are entitled to an old-age insurance pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Then, in the period 2019-2028, the retirement age will be gradually raised to 65 years for men and 60 for women.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

There are increasing requirements for length of service and individual pension coefficient from year to year.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2017, the minimum insurance record was supposed to be 8 years; every year it increases by one year until it reaches 15 years (9 in 2018, 10 in 2019, etc.).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Certain categories of citizens specified in Articles 30, 31, 32 of Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013 “On Insurance Pensions” have the right to early assignment of an insurance pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

On January 1, 2017, the law on a phased increase in the retirement age of officials (state and municipal employees) to 65 for men and up to 63 years for women came into force [39] .


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The average life expectancy is noteworthy, for men it is 65.1 years, and 76.3 years for women.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The amount of the old-age insurance pension is determined by formula [11]:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

INSURANCE PENSION = SUM OF YOUR PENSION POINTS* COST OF PENSION POINT in the year of pension award+FIXED PAYMENT


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

or


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

SP = IPC * SIPK + (VF* KVFV), where:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

SP - insurance pension


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

IPC is the sum of all pension points accrued as of the date of assignment of an insurance pension to a citizen


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

SIPK is the cost of a pension point in the year of granting an insurance pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In 2019 = 87.24 rubles. It is annually indexed by the state


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

PV is a fixed payment.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

As of January 1, 2019 = 5,334.19 rubles. It is annually indexed by the state


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

KVFV is the EF increase coefficient, used when postponing the application for an insurance pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Thus, the calculation of the insurance pension in 2019 is carried out according to the formula:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

SP = IPC * 87.24 + (5334.19 * KVFV)


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Disability insurance pension


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Citizens recognized as disabled people of groups I, II or III in accordance with the procedure provided for by the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the Russian Federation” have the right to a labor disability pension [40] .


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The amount of the disability insurance pension is calculated in the same way as for old age.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The difference is the amount of a fixed payout.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The amount of pension payments can be determined as follows: SP = IPC x SPK+PV, where:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

SP — insurance pension amount;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

IPC is the individual coefficient of a pensioner;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

SEC — the cost of the coefficient on the day of pension assignment;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

PV is a fixed (basic) payout.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Survivor's insurance pension


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Family members of the deceased breadwinner who are unable to work, who were dependent on him, have the right to a labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

One of the parents or spouse is granted this pension regardless of whether or not they were dependent on the deceased breadwinner [41].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The amount of the labor pension in case of loss of the breadwinner (with the exception of the labor pension in case of loss of the breadwinner for children who have lost both parents or children of a deceased single mother) to each disabled person family member of the deceased breadwinner is determined by formula [42]:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

P = PC/ (T x K)/KN+B, where


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

P is the amount of the labor pension in case of loss of the breadwinner;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

PC is the amount of the estimated pension capital of the deceased breadwinner recorded as of the day of his death;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

T is the number of months of the expected period of payment of an old-age pension (228 months in 2013);


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

K is the ratio of the standard duration of the breadwinner's insurance experience (in months) as of the day of his death to 180 months.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The standard length of insurance service until the deceased breadwinner reaches the age of 19 is 12 months and increases by 4 months for each full year of age from 19 years, but not more than less than 180 months;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

KN is the number of disabled family members of the deceased breadwinner who are recipients of the specified pension established in connection with the death of this breadwinner as of the day from which a labor pension in case of loss of a breadwinner to a corresponding disabled family member;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

B is the fixed basic amount of the labor pension in case of loss of the breadwinner, which is 1,281 rubles per month.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

State pension provision


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

State pension pension is a monthly state cash payment that is provided to citizens in order to compensate them for earnings (income) lost due to termination of the federal state civil service upon reaching the length of service established by law when entering an old-age (disability) insurance pension; or in order to compensate for the lost earnings to citizens from among cosmonauts or from among flight test personnel in connection with retirement for long service; or in order to compensate for harm caused to the health of citizens during military service, as a result of radiation or man-made disasters, in the event of disability or loss of a breadwinner, upon reaching the legal age; or disabled citizens in order to provide them with means of subsistence [43].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Types of state pension provision [44]:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

seniority pension;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

old-age pension;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

disability pension;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

survivor's pension;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

social pension.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Retirement pension


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The following persons have the right to receive a state pension for long service:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Federal civil servants;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Military personnel (with the exception of citizens who served on conscription as soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen);


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Cosmonauts;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Flight test personnel.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Federal state civil servants with at least 25 years of civil service experience and dismissal from the federal state civil service before acquiring the right to old-age (disability) insurance pension is entitled to a pension for long service if immediately before dismissal they filled positions of the federal state civil service for at least 7 years .


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The pension for long service is established to the old-age (disability) insurance pension assigned in accordance with Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013 “On Insurance Pensions”, and is paid at the same time as her.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

It should be noted that an increase in the required length of service for federal civil servants in determining the right to a superannuation pension and calculating its amount is not apply to the following persons:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

for federal state civil servants who have acquired the right to a pension for long service in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 1.1 of Article 7 of Federal Law No. 166-FZ of December 15, 2001 and dismissed ( relieved of their posts) from the federal state civil service until January 1, 2017;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

for persons holding positions of the federal state civil service as of January 1, 2017 and who have federal state civil service experience on this day for the appointment of a pension for long service at least 20 years old;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

for persons holding federal state civil service positions as of January 1, 2017, who have at least 15 years of specified experience on this day and have acquired the right to old-age (disability) insurance pension in accordance with Federal Law No. 400-FZ dated December 28, 2013 “On Insurance Pensions”.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Social pension


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Citizens who, for any reason, do not have the right to a labor pension are granted a social pension [45].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The legislation provides for the following types of social pensions: old-age social pension (for men over 65 years of age and women over 60 years of age — these figures are valid until the end of 2018 , then there will be a gradual increase to 70 (65) years for men (women)), a social disability pension, a social pension in case of loss of a breadwinner.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

As of April 2017, the old-age social pension is 5,034.25 rubles per month, the amount of the social disability pension as of April 2017 for disabled children, disabled people of group I and disabled since childhood I and II groups — 12082.06 rubles per month.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Supplements to the pension up to the subsistence minimum of a pensioner


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

All non-working pensioners whose total amount of material support does not reach the subsistence minimum of the pensioner (PMP) in the region of his residence are established federal or regional social supplement to the pension up to the amount of the PMP established in the region of residence of the pensioner.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The federal social supplement is paid by the institutions of the FIU and is established if the total amount of cash payments to a non - working pensioner does not reach the subsistence minimum of the pensioner, established in the region of residence, which, in turn, does not reach the subsistence minimum of the pensioner as a whole for the Russian Federation.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The regional social supplement is paid by the social protection authorities of the region if the subsistence minimum of a pensioner in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is higher than the same indicator for the Russian Federation, and the total amount of cash payments to a non-working pensioner is lower than the regional PMP.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

When calculating the total amount of material support for a non-working pensioner, the following cash payments are taken into account:


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

pensions (part of a pension);


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

additional material (social) security;


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

monthly cash payment (including the cost of a set of social services);


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

other social support measures established by the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in monetary terms (with the exception of social support measures provided at a time).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In addition, when calculating the total amount of material support for a pensioner, cash equivalents of social support measures provided to him to pay for the use of the telephone, residential premises and utilities, travel on all types of passenger transport, as well as monetary compensation for the costs of paying for these services.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The subsistence minimum in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (2017)


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In most constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the subsistence minimum for a pensioner in 2017 ranged from 7,500 to 8,500 rubles per month.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The subsistence minimum was noticeably higher than this amount in Moscow (11561 rubles), as well as in some northern and eastern regions: in particular, in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (17,092 rubles), in the Magadan Region ( 15,460 rubles), in Chukotka (19,000 rubles).


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The table for all constituent entities of the Russian Federation is given below.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Subsistence minimum of a pensioner (table) Name of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation The subsistence minimum of a pensioner in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (established or assumed) Regulatory legal act according to which this value of the subsistence minimumAs a whole for the Russian Federation 8540Law of December 19, 2016 No. 415-FZ Central Federal DistrictBelgorod Region8,016Law of October 31, 2016 No. 103FSDBryansk Oblast8,095Law dated 03.10.2016 No. 83-ZFSDVladimir Oblast8 377Law of October 28, 2016 No. 119-OZFSDVoronezh Oblast8 390Law of October 24, 2016 No. 116-Ozfsdivanovskaya Oblast7 977Law of October 31, 2016 No. 90-OZFSDKaluga Oblast8 337Law dated 07.11.2016 No. 117-OZFSDKostroma region8 450 Law 26.10.2016 No. 155-6-ZKOFSDKursk region7 460 Law of October 21, 2016 No. 69-ZKOFSDlipetsk region8 540Law of 09.11.2016 No. 9-Ozfsdorlovskaya region8 434Law dated 07.11.2016 No. 2033-OZFSDRyazan region8 456Law dated 11.10.2016 No. 66-OZFSDSmolensk Oblast8 510Law of October 28, 2016 No. 102-3FSDTambov Oblast7 468Law of October 31, 2016 No. 5- ZFSDTver Oblast8 540Law of October 28, 2016 No. 70-ZofsdTula Oblast8 487Law of October 27, 2016 No. 77-ZTOFSDYaroslavl Oblast8 163Law of October 31, 2016 No. 65-3FSDMoscow11 561Law of September 28, 2016 No. 29RSDMoscow Oblast9 161 Law dated October 31, 2016 No. 126/2016-03RSD Northwestern Federal DistrictRepublic of Karelia8 540Law of November 1, 2016 No. 2057-ZRKFSDRepublic Kom9 821Law of October 27, 2016 No. 98- RZRSDarhangel region10 816Law of October 28, 2016 No. 483-29-Ozrsdnenetsky a.o.17 092Law of 03.10.2016 No. 244-OZRSDVologda Oblast8 540Law of October 20, 2016 No. 3993-OZFSDKaliningrad Oblast8 540Law No. 17FSDG dated 30.11.2016.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Petersburg 8 540Law dated December 13, 2016 No. 699—113FSDLeningrad Oblast8 503Law of November 15, 2016 No. 85-OZFSDMurmansk Oblast12 090Law of October 31, 2016 No. 2043-01-ZmorsdnovCity Oblast8 483Law of October 31, 2016 31.10.2016 No. 11-OZFSDPskov region8 540Law dated 08.11.2016 No. 1687-OZFSD North Caucasus Federal DistrictRepublic of Dagestan8 374Law of October 31, 2016 No. 56FSDRepublic of Ingushetia8 400Law of 28.10.2016 No. 37-RZFSDKabardino-Balkarian Republic8 500Law of September 30, 2016 No. 45-RZFSDKarachay-Cherkess Republic8 410Law of September 27, 2016 No. 57-RZFSDRepublic of North Ossetia-Alania8 410Law of September 27, 2016 18.10.2016 No. 51-RZFSDChechen Republic8 535Law dated December 30, 2016 No. 50-RZFSDStavropol Kray7 975Law of October 28, 2016 No. 85-KZFSD Southern Federal DistrictRepublic of Adygea 8 138 Law of October 27, 2016 No. 3FSDRepublic of Kalmykiya7 667Law of September 16, 2016 No. 194-V-ZFSDKrasnodar Kray8 478Law of November 17, 2016 No. 3492-KZFSDastrakhan Oblast7 665Law of October 24, 2016 No. 63/2016-OZFSDVolgograd Oblast8 535Law dated October 28, 2016 No. 102-ODFSDROST region8 488Law dated October 20, 2016 No. 646-ZSFDRepublic of Crimea8 410Law of October 26, 2016 No. 291-ZRK/2016FSDG.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Sevastopol8 532Law dated December 14, 2016 No. 303-ZSFD Volga Federal DistrictRepublic of Bashkortostan8 015Law of October 27, 2016 No. 409-3FSDRepublic of Mari El7 967Law of 05.10.2016 No. 31-ZFSDRepublic Mordoviya7 879Law dated October 27, 2016 No. 83-ZFSDRepublic of Tatarstan8 232 Law dated September 29, 2016 No. 68-ZRTFSDUDmurt Republic8 502Law dated October 31, 2016 No. 69-RZFSDChuvash Republic7 720Law of October 20, 2016 No. 55FSDKirov region8 474Law of 12.10.2016 No. 3-Zofsdnizhegorodskaya region8 082Law of August 30, 2016 No. 119-ZFSDORENBURG region7 786Law of October 27, 2016 No. 36/14-VI-OZFSDPenza region7 835Law of October 27, 2016 10.10.2016 No. 2969-ZPOFSDPerm Kray8 473Law of 08.11.2016 No. 13-PKFSDSamara Oblast8 173 Law of October 31, 2016 No. 109-GDFSDSSaratov Oblast7 700Law of October 27, 2016 No. 134-Zsofsdulyanovskaya Oblast8 271Law dated September 27, 2016 No. 141-ZOFSD Ural Federal DistrictKurgan Oblast8 500Law of October 25, 2016 No. 75FSDSSverdlovsk Oblast8 540Law of December 19, 2016 No. 154-OZFSDTyumen Oblast8 540Law of December 19, 2016 08.11.2016 No. 98FSDChelyabinsk region8 523Law dated October 28, 2016 No. 433-ZofsdKhanty-Mansi a.o.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

-Yugre11 258Law dated 07.09.2016 No. 70-Ozrsdyamalo-Nenets a.o.13 425Law of October 31, 2016 No. 81-ZAORSD Siberian Federal DistrictRepublic of Altai8 453Law of November 25, 2016 No. 77-RZFSDRepublic of Buryatia8 540Law dated 06.10.2016 No. 2016-VFSDRepublic of Tyva8 540Law dated 01.11.2016 No. 224-ZRTFSDRepublic of Khakassia8 519Law of 12.12.2016 No. 90-ZRHFSDALTAI KRAY8 363Law of 03.11.2016 No. 69-ZSFSDKrasnoyarsk Kray8 540Law of November 24, 2016 No. 2-100FSDirkut Oblast8 536Law of December 12, 2016 No. 103-OZFSDKemerovo Oblast8 208 Law of September 28, 2016 No. 66-OZFSDNovosibirsk Oblast8 538Law of November 28, 2016 No. 118-OZFSDOMskaya region8 217 Law dated October 31, 2016 No. 1909-OZFSDTomsk Oblast8 497Law dated 03.11.2016 No. 115-OZFSDZABAIKALSKY KRAI8 540Law of December 13, 2016 No. 1419-ZZKFSD Far Eastern Federal DistrictRepublic of Sakha ( Yakutia) 13,807Law of October 26, 2016 No. 1027-VRSDPrimorsky Kray8 967Law dated 02.11.2016 No. 4-K3RSDKhabarovsk Kray10 895Law of October 26, 2016 No. 206RSdamur region8 540Law of October 28, 2016 No. 3-OZFSDKamchatka Kray16 400Law of September 19, 2016 No. 836RSDMagadan Oblast15 460Law of July 29, 2016 No. 2062-OZRSDSakhalin Oblast12 151 Law of 11.11.2016 No. 90-Zorsrevreyskaya aut.obl.8 906Law of October 19, 2016 No. 6- OZRSDChukotsky a.o.19 000Law of 31.10.2016 No. 97-OZRSDG.


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Baikonur8 540FSD


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Pension compensation payments for working pensioners


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

In the city of Moscow, for working pensioners with a monthly income below the city social standard (in 2018 — 17,500 rubles per month), monthly compensation payments are provided for provided that they have been registered in Moscow at their place of residence for at least 10 years [46] [47].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

An interesting fact


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

As of 2018, 15,259,000 pensioners were officially employed and continued to work after retirement [48].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

The low level of pensions encourages pensioners who have retained their ability to work to continue working after retirement: in 2015, 36% of all pension recipients worked, and after termination of indexation and recalculation of pensions for working pensioners, their share decreased to 22% in 2018 [49].


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

See also


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Pension Fund of the Russian Federation


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Pension reform


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Retirement age


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Non-payment of pensions and social benefits in Russia in the 1990s


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Museum of the History of Pensions


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

Notes


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia

References


Question: What is the pension of diplomats in Russia for 2019?

Pension provision in Russia


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Tenerife (Spanish: Tenerife) is the largest island in the archipelago of the seven Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean [1].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

With a relatively small area of 2,034.38 km² and a population of 906,800 people [2] [3], accounting for 43% of the population of the entire archipelago, it is the most populous in Spain [4] [5] [6].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

It occupies a central position relative to the islands of the archipelago and, together with the three neighboring islands of Palma, Gomera and Hierro, is part of the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife with its administrative center the city of the same name.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Toponymy


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

There are several names that various peoples have given this island throughout history.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

In particular, the Guanches called it “Achinet” (Achinet) or “Chenet” (Chinet) - in various literary sources there is either one or the other version.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

The ancient Romans called it “Nivaria” (Nivaria) from the Latin word nix (Nyx), which meant snow, which gives a clear indication of the snow-covered peak of Mount Teide [7].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Ancient Roman politician and lawyer Pliny the Younger (I century) tells the story of the expedition that the Berber king Yuba II sent to the Canary Islands and Madeira.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Among other curiosities, she brought huge dogs from there, which they called canaria, for which the islands themselves were called Canary Islands from the Latin word canis (dog) [8] [9].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

On the other hand, on some maps of the 14th and 15th centuries, this island was found under the name “Isla del Infierno” (Isla del Inferno), literally translated as “Island of Hell”, which is probably again due with the volcanic activity of Mount Teide.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

There are several versions regarding the origin of the current name of the island


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

According to one of them, the name remained from the Spanish conquerors of the XV century, who were amazed by the appearance of the indigenous population: they were tall, white, red-haired and blue-eyed people, whose tribes were called “guanches”.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

According to another, the name is associated with the color of the snowy peak of the island, which sailors focused on like a lighthouse [10].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

According to the third, the name comes from the Mensei (king) of the Guanche people Tinerfe El Grande, who for a long time ruled the entire island alone and in which the island achieved unprecedented power and prosperity [ 11].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

According to the generally accepted version, the modern name of the island comes from the two words “tene” (mountain) and “ife” (white), which the island was called by immigrants from the island of La Palma.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Subsequently, after colonization, the Spanization of the name led to the combination of these two words and the addition of the sound “r”, which as a result gave the now familiar name “Tenerife” [12] [13].


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Geography


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Tenerife, being the largest island in the Canary Islands group, occupies a central position in the archipelago — it is located between Gran Canaria (in the east) and Gomera (in the west).


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

The distance from Tenerife to the coast of Africa is about 300 km, and the Iberian Peninsula (where mainland Spain is located) is about 1,000 km.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

The island is shaped like a ham.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Its length is 80-85 km (from northeast to south-west), width - from 6-12 km (in the north-east) to 45-50 km (in the south-west).


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

The island has an area of 2,034.38 km² and a coastline of 342 km.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Tenerife, like the other Canary Islands, is volcanic in nature.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

In the center of the island stands Mount Teide (3718 m above sea level, the highest point in Spain).


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

The last eruption of the volcano on Tenerife occurred in 1909.


Question: What is the name of the largest city in Tenerife?

Tenerife

Formed by volcanic activity, the ridge divides Tenerife into two parts — southern and northern, the climate of which varies significantly.