Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Von Bülow also sent a telegram to Kozima, who wrote to her: “Sister, we must live” [84].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the head of the Bayreuth Festival


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner did not leave a will or any orders on the fate of the Bayreuth Festival after his death [85].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He wrote: “I... can't imagine anyone saying what I think should be said... I can't rely on almost anyone's opinion” [86].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The future of the festival became even more unclear due to the departure of Cosima, who did not communicate with anyone but her daughters and her friend Adolf von Gross.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The 1883 festival was held without Cosima and consisted, as Wagner planned, of twelve performances of Parsifal.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The artistic director of the festival was bass-baritone Emil Scaria, who simultaneously performed the role of Gurnemanz in the opera.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Levi remained the conductor [87].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the end of the festival, Cosima received a long anonymous letter criticizing the numerous deviations from the will of the late composer in organizing the festival.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to Marek, this letter was the event that determined her life's mission: maintaining Wagner's legacy in its original form.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

With the help of Gross, Cosima achieved recognition of herself and Siegfried as Wagner's only legitimate heirs and, as a result, the authority to hold the festival [87].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1885, Cosima announced that the 1886 festival would be held under her leadership.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

She took over as executive for the next 22 years, until 1907.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

During this time, 13 festivals have been held, and the repertoire has been supplemented by other works by Wagner, which completed the formation of the so-called Bayreuth Canon, consisting of ten Wagner masterpieces.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Until 1894, the festival hosted a triumvirate of conductors: Levy, Richter and Felix Motl.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Levy left in 1894, and for the rest of the Cosima era, the festival was managed by Motl and Richter, joined by some other leading conductors of the time [88].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He repeatedly received invitations from von Bülow, but each time he refused [89].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima rejected Nietzsche's once expressed and the widespread opinion among some fanatical Wagner fans that only Germans could conduct his music [90].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Under her leadership, the festival gained a stable financial support and turned into a profitable enterprise that brought wealth to the Wagner family [91].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Although Frederick Spotts believes that Cosima had creativity that she hid, in life she has always followed the precepts of her late husband and sought to realize his wishes: “We don't need anything create, but only improve in detail” [92].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Bernard Shaw in 1889 spoke sarcastically of Cosima as the “chief chronicler” and regretted that the performance of Wagner's works was reduced to slave copying of lifetime productions [93].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Ten years later, Shaw called the hallmark of the “Bayreuth style” “unbearably old-fashioned poses and gestures characteristic of half speakers, half historical paintings” and singing, “sometimes tolerable, sometimes disgusting” [94].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to Spotts, Cosima brought the demand for clarity of pronunciation to a “fetishes”, and as a result, the festival was dominated by an unpleasant manner of performance, which had features of recitation and was contemptuously named critics “Bayreuth barking” [95].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At her first festival in 1886, Cosima included Tristan und Isolde in the canon [88].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The festival was not interrupted even by the death of Franz Liszt, who fell ill after visiting Tristan und Isolde and died a few days later.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima supervised the preparations for the funeral and the service, but refused to dedicate a concert to his memory or otherwise publicly honor the memory of her father.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to Liszt's student Felix Weingartner, “Liszt's death was not so important as to overshadow the Festival at least for a moment” [96].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Parsifal was given at all festivals led by Cosima, with the exception of the 1896 festival, which was entirely dedicated to the Ring of the Nibelungen.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The Nuremberg Meistersingers were added in 1888, Tannhauser in 1891, Lohengrin in 1894, and The Flying Dutchman in 1901 [88].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1894, Levy resigned, who had worked in an anti-Semitic environment all these years.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1896, Siegfried conducted for the first time in Bayreuth; he remained one of the permanent conductors of the festival until Cosima retired [88].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Like her husband, Cosima prioritized Bayreuth's interests over her own anti-Semitic views, and Levy, whom she respected as a musician, remained Bayreuth's conductor for a long time.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1897, when Gustav Mahler, a Jew who converted to Catholicism, applied for the post of director of the Vienna Opera, Cosima tried — unsuccessfully — to use all her influence to prevent an appointment.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the same time, she understood that Mahler, as conductor, was one of the outstanding Wagner interpreters of his time, and at her request in 1894 Mahler was preparing tenor Willy Birrenkoven for the role of Parsifal [98].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima made a lot of efforts to ensure that Bayreuth remained the only venue for the production of Parsifal.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Ludwig recognized this right; after his death in 1886, Luitpold of Bavaria became head of state as regent to the mentally ill King Otto I (Ludwig's brother), and during this period attempts were made to challenge the privilege, but Cosima, with Gross's help, defended it [99].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1901, Cosima tried to lobby in the Reichstag for a legislative initiative to increase the period of copyright protection from thirty years after the death of the author to fifty (protection of rights to works Wagner ended in 1913) and received assurances of support from Kaiser Wilhelm II, but her efforts did not lead to the desired result [100].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Moreover, in 1903, the Metropolitan Opera in New York announced plans to stage Parsifal, which could not be prevented by law, since there was no agreement between the US and Germany on the protection copyrights.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima sought to prevent the production, but on December 24, 1903, Parsifal successfully premiered in New York, followed by ten more performances.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima considered the New York production a “rape” and remained hated for the Metropolitan Opera until the end of her life [101].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

By the beginning of the new century, Cosima's three daughters had married.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Blandina married Count Biagio Gravin in the last days of the 1882 Festival [76], Daniela married art historian Henry Tode in 1886 [102], and Isolde, Cosima's first daughter by Richard, in 1900 for conductor Franz Beidler [103].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The youngest daughter Eva rejected numerous marriage offers and remained her mother's assistant and secretary while she remained the director of the festival [104].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On December 8, 1906, during a visit to Prince Herman Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Cosima suffered Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome [105].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

By May 1907, it became clear that poor health prevented Cosima from continuing to lead Bayreuth, and the post of director passed to Siegfried, whom Cosima had long been preparing for the role of heir [106].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

This provoked objections from Beidler, who also applied for the post, citing his greater experience as a conductor and the fact that he and Isolde gave Kozima her only grandson in 1901.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The dispute resulted in many years of family feud [107] [108].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Recent years


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima settled in secluded rooms at the back of Wanfried and stopped attending the festival.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At first, Siegfried discussed productions with her.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Later, he adhered to his mother's line, recreating operas in their original form [109] [110].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In December 1908, Eve, who was forty-one years old, married Houston Chamberlain, a British historian who became a fanatical supporter of German nationalism and added to them own racial theories [111].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He admired Wagner's work, knew Kozima from 1888, and before marrying Eva, he took care of Blandina first, then Isolde [112].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Chamberlain's theories were close to Cosima [113].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He began to play an important role in the Wagner circle and influenced the further alienation of the Baidlers; Chamberlain and Eve even hid Isolde's letters from Cosima [114].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1913, Isolde lost a dispute in court over inheritance rights to Wagner property, after which she permanently cut off contact with Kozima; she died six years later [115] [116].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1915, Siegfried Wagner married eighteen-year-old Winifred Williams, whose adoptive father Karl Klinworth was friends with Richard Wagner and List [117].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On January 5, 1917, their first child was born, and Cosima performed excerpts from Siegfried Idyll on her husband's piano in honor of this event [118].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The outbreak of the First World War caused the festival to end early in 1914.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

War, revolution and devastation did not allow the festival to be held in the next nine years [119].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1923, Wanfried first visited Adolf Hitler, who began his political career and loved Wagner's music.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He was not accepted by Kozima, but became friends with other family members and subsequently visited them often [120] [121].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Chamberlain and Winifred Wagner joined the NSDAP.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The first festival after the break in 1924 became at the same time a platform for the Nazis [122].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima visited the festival for the first time in a long time: she attended the costume rehearsals of Parsifal and the first act of the opening concert [123].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1927, for Cosima's 90th anniversary, a street in Bayreuth was named after her.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

She did not know about this anymore: her health had deteriorated significantly by that time, and her family did not inform Kozima about the celebrations [124].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In recent years, she has been bedridden, blind and rarely fully conscious.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima died on April 1, 1930 at the age of 92.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The farewell took place in Wanfried, after which the body was transported to Coburg and cremated.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1977, the urn with Cosima's ashes was reburied in Wanfried next to her husband [125].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Legacy and Assessments


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima Wagner's raison d'être was to selflessly serve her husband and his masterpieces; according to music critic Eric Saltzmann, she “dedicated her soul and body to the Master.”


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

During Richard's lifetime, she kept every step and thought in her diary.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

After his death, she left a diary and carried out her mission, perpetuating his legacy with the help of the Bayreuth Festival [126].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

It made the festival not only a cultural event, but also a successful commercial enterprise.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Although everyone recognizes that Cosima was a successful “keeper of the hearth,” her extreme conservatism is mercilessly criticized.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Her approach, which was based on the need to strictly adhere to Wagner's original plan, was overcome only after World War II, when a new generation took over the head of the festival executives [127].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Hilms compared Cosima Wagner to the abbess of the monastery [128].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to critic Philipp Henscher, “under the guidance of her disgusting son-in-law and racist theorist... Cosima tried to turn Bayreuth into the center of the cult of the German nation.”


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He further concludes that “by the time of her death, Wagner's reputation was at the center of a terrible political game: old-fashioned productions of his works were given in front of a crowd of brown shirts” [129].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The Bayreuth Festival's close connection with Hitler and the Nazis in the 1930s was already the result of the activities of Winifred, known for sympathizing with Hitler rather than Cosima, although Henscher believes that “Cosima is to blame this is more than any other” [129] [130].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the end of his biographical story, Marek notes that Cosima was not only the guardian of the composer's legacy, but also his muse: “Without her, there would be neither Siegfried Idyll, nor Bayreuth, nor” Parsifal “” [131].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Henscher concludes: “Wagner was a genius, but a disgusting person. Cosima was only a disgusting person” [129].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

An asteroid discovered in 1907 is named after Cosima Wagner.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Notes


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Literature


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

References


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Category:Wagners


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Category:Muses of famous composers


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Category:Personalies:Anti-Semitism in Germany


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Symbols of presidential power are objects that are official symbols of the President's power.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

They are used during the inauguration.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The symbols of the presidential power of the President of the Russian Federation are now:


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Standard (flag) of the President of the Russian Federation;


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Sign of the President of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The standard and sign are handed over to the newly elected President during the procedure for taking office after taking the oath on a special copy of the Constitution.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

History


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Article 7 of the Law of the RSFSR of June 27, 1991 “On Taking Office as President of the RSFSR” [1] determined that the President of the RSFSR had a round seal with the image of the coat of arms of the RSFSR and the inscription “President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic”; in Art.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

9 of the same law stated that the State Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic was raised at the place of official stay of the President of the RSFSR and Vice-President of the RSFSR.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

At the same time, there were no special instructions that these were symbols of presidential power.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

After the repeal of this law [2], presidential decrees gradually approved the official symbols of the President of the Russian Federation.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Subsequently, one of them (a special copy of the constitution) was deprived of this status.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

During the inauguration on July 10, 1991, a special standard was used [3] [4], which was a red cloth bordered with gold fringe, in the center of which was the coat of arms of the RSFSR, and above the coat of arms - an abbreviation of the name of the republic, made in gold letters [5].


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

This standard has not been officially approved.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Standard of the President of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The standard (flag) of the President of the Russian Federation is a symbol (until August 5, 1996 — the “main symbol”) of presidential power in the Russian Federation.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Established by decree of President B.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

N. Yeltsin No. 319 of February 15, 1994 “On the standard (flag) of the President of the Russian Federation” [6].


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The author of the standard design is artist Evgeny Ukhnalev.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The standard of the President of the Russian Federation is a square panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the upper one is white, the middle is blue and the lower one is red (color State Flag of the Russian Federation).


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

In the center is a golden image of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The cloth is bordered with gold fringe.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

A silver bracket engraved with the surname, first name and patronymic of the President of the Russian Federation and the dates of his tenure in office is attached to the flagpole of the standard.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The shaft of the standard is crowned with a metal spear finial.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The original standard is located in an office at the residence of the President of the Russian Federation in Moscow, the capital of the Russian Federation (Senate Palace of the Moscow Kremlin).


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

When the newly elected President of the Russian Federation takes office, the original standard is located next to the head of state.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

A duplicate of the standard rises above the residence of the President of the Russian Federation in Moscow, above other residences during the stay of the President of the Russian Federation in them, is installed and raised to vehicles of the President of the Russian Federation.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Badge of the President of the


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The badge of the President of the Russian Federation is a symbol of presidential power in the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

It consists of a sign and a sign chain.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Established by decree of President B.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

N. Yeltsin No. 1138 of August 5, 1996.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The description of the symbol was given by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 27, 1999 No. 906 “On Approval of the Description of the Symbol of Presidential Power — the Badge of the President of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

It is not a state award, but it is kept with awards at the St. George Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The badge is a symbolic copy of the Order “For Merit to the Fatherland” I degree and is a gold equilateral cross with expanding ends, covered with ruby enamel on the front side.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The distance between the ends of the cross is 60 mm.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

On the edges of the cross there is a narrow convex welt.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

On the front side of the cross in the center is an overhead image of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

On the reverse side of the cross in the middle there is a round medallion, around the circumference of which is the motto: “Benefit, Honor and Glory”.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

In the center of the medallion is the date of manufacture — 1994.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

In the lower part of the medallion there is an image of laurel branches.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The sign is connected to the chain of the sign by means of a wreath of laurel branches.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The chain of the sign made of gold, silver and enamel consists of 17 links, 9 of which are in the form of the image of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation, 8 in the form of round rosettes with the motto: “Benefit, Honor and Glory”.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

On the reverse side of the chain links of the sign there are overlays covered with white enamel, on which the surname, first name, patronymic of each President of the Russian Federation and his year are engraved in gold letters taking office (if the President was elected for two terms, then two levels are engraved accordingly).


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The use of the Mark of the President of the Russian Federation is determined by


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Once the President's Badge was placed on the shoulders of Boris Yeltsin when he took office as President in 1996 by the Chairman of the Federation Council Egor Stroev.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

On December 31, B.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

N. Yeltsin put a sign on Vladimir Putin's shoulders in his office when he handed over cases to him after his resignation [8].


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

In other cases, the President's Badge was present at the ceremony to the left of the rostrum, at which the President takes the oath.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

If the ceremony is accompanied by a transfer of power, the outgoing president in his speech, among other things, speaks about the transfer of the Sign as a symbol of power.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Special copy of the Russian Federation Constitution


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

A special copy of the Constitution of the Russian Federation is a specially made only copy of the official text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993, intertwined red monitor lizard leather, on the cover of which there is an overhead silver State Emblem of the Russian Federation and a gold-embossed inscription “Constitution of the Russian Federation”.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

A special copy of the constitution is permanently placed in the Library of the President of the Russian Federation (rotunda of the third floor of the north-eastern part of the Senate building of the Moscow Kremlin), and leaves only to participate in the procedure for taking office (inauguration) of the President of the Russian Federation.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

A special copy of the Constitution of the Russian Federation was made in 1996, when, on the eve of B.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

N. Yeltsin to the post of President, Presidential Decree No. 1138 of August 5, 1996 “On Official Symbols of Presidential Power and Their Use When a Newly Elected Person Takes Office President of the Russian Federation” [9].


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

On the basis of this act, the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation intended for taking the oath, issued in the form of a special publication made in a single copy, received a formal the status of one of the three official symbols of presidential power, which are transferred by the outgoing president to the incoming president after the latter takes the oath.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The official description of this symbol of presidential power has never been approved.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

However, a day before his inauguration scheduled for May 7, 2000, Acting President of the Russian Federation and Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation V. IN. Putin, by Decree No. 832 of May 6, 2000 “On Amendments and Additions to Certain Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation” [10], canceled the decree of August 5, 1996 on presidential regalia.


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

After that, a special copy of the text of the Constitution lost its official status as a symbol of presidential power and is now considered such only by tradition (it was on it that V. IN. Putin in 2000, 2004 and 2012 and D. A. Medvedev in 2008).


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Vladimir Putin utters the text of the oath at the inauguration, holding his right hand on a special copy of the Constitution, with the president's sign on his left hand


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Soldiers of the presidential regiment take out a special copy of the Constitution and the President's badge during Putin's inauguration on May 7, 2012


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Unofficial standard used at the inauguration ceremony on 10 July 1991


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

See also


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

The emblem of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Flag of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Special badge of the President of the Russian


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Presidential Regiment


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

President's orchestra


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Notes


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

References


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

(article on the website of the Heraldic Council under the President of the Russian Federation)


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Category:State symbols of Russia


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Category:President of the Russian Federation


Question: What color is the Constitution of Russia?

Symbols of the President

Category:Presidential Standards


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

Being (Hebrew: in Russian, brē'šīθ, modern pronounced. Be-Reshit — “At the beginning”; Latin: Genesis; Ancient Greek: Genesis — “Origin”; tj. The First Book of Moses) is the first book of the Pentateuch (Torah), the Old Testament, and the entire Bible [1].


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

The content of the book consists of legends about the origin of the world, the ancient history of mankind and the origin of the Jewish people.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

The story begins with the creation of the world and man and ends with Joseph's death in Egypt.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

It consists of 50 chapters, 1533 verses and 32267 words [2].


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

Name


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

The Hebrew title of the book, as well as other books of the Torah, is given by the first significant word.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

In Talmudic literature, this book is often called “Sefer Maase Beresheet” (Sefer Maase Beresheet), which is where the name of this book comes from in most translations of the Bible.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

In the Talmud [3] it is also called “Sefer ha-yashar” (letters. “Direct Book”), in honor of forefathers who were “straight” (that is, honest with people and loyal to God).


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

Some medieval manuscripts also use the name “Sefer Rishon” (“First Book”) or “Sefer Briat ha-olam” (“The Book of Creation”).


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

Genesis owes its name to the Latin translation of Jerome Vulgate, who in turn is a translation of the title found in the Greek manuscripts of this book.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

“Being” means origin, birth, creation or beginning [2].


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

Authorship


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

There is no direct attribution in the book, but internal evidence, as well as Jewish and Christian traditions, claim that the book was authored by Moses (cf. Vasily Veliky. Conversations on Shestodnev [4]).


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

Book of Genesis

Geography


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The book takes place in three different locations.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The first 11 chapters tell about events that took place on the plain of the river in Mesopotamia, with a clear mention of the Euphrates ().


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Noah's biography is related to the “Mount Ararat” ().


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Mention is also made of the Land of Senaar (;), where the city of Babylon (;) and Ur of the Chaldeans () were built.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Chapters 12 to 38 describe events in Canaan and surrounding lands: Egypt (), “the Jordan neighborhood” ().


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Among the cities in these lands, Hebron () and Damascus () are mentioned.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The last 12 chapters cover events in Egypt, especially the Gösem region, where Israelis lived before the Exodus.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Contents of the book


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The book is divided into two main parts:


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

the history of mankind before the patriarchs (sections 1-11), contains a kind of universal introduction to world history, since it concerns the starting points and initial moments of the primitive history of everything humanity.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

the history of patriarchs and their families (sections 12—50), describes the history of the birth of the Jewish people represented by its ancestors, Patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Joseph the Beautiful is in Egypt.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The division of Jews into knees.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

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By chapter


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The Book of Genesis

1. A story about how God created the world and man.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

2. Seventh day consecration.


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The Book of Genesis

Adam and Eve are placed in the Garden of Eden.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The ban on the tree of knowledge of good and evil.


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The Book of Genesis

3. Adam and Eve ate the fruit of the forbidden tree.


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4. Cain is killing Abel.


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5. Recording people from Adam to Noah.


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The Book of Genesis

6. God commands Noah to build the ark.


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7. The land is flooded for 150 days.


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8. Noah and the animals are coming out of the ark.


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The Book of Genesis

9. God makes a pact with Noah.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

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10. A list of Noah's descendants.


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Sim, Ham, Japheth.


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11. The Tower of Babel, a list of people, from Shem to Abram.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

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12. At the behest of God, Abraham and Lot leave Harran.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

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God's covenant on the land of Canaan.


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13. Abram and Lot split up.


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14. Avram is saving Lot.


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15. God's covenant with Abram.


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16. Abram marries Hagar, who then gives birth to Ishmael.


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17. Circumcision covenant, Abram is now called Abraham and Sarah is called Sarah.


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18. Three Messengers have come to Abraham and he pleads for mercy on Sodom and Gomorrah.


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19. Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed, Lot and his daughters were saved.


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20. Abraham goes to Gerara and meets Abimelech.


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21. Sarah gives birth to Isaac's first child, Hagar and Ishmael go east.


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22. Isaac's sacrifice.


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23. Sarah is dying.


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24. Isaac finds a wife, Rebekah.


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25. The death of Abraham, the story of Ishmael, and the birth of Esau and Jacob.


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Esau sells birthright.


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26. Isaac is going to Abimelech.


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27. Jacob deceives Esau and gets his birthright.


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28. Jacob leaves Esau for Harran and got a dream from God.


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29. Jacob arrives in Mesopotamia and marries Leah and Rachel.


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30. Jacob's family grows up and he makes deals with Laban, so he gets a lot of goats and sheep.


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31. Jacob returns to the land of Canaan, pursued by Laban.


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32. Jacob is preparing to meet Esau, fighting God again and is now called Israel.


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33. Jacob and Esau met.


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34. Dinah is raped by Shichem, after which Simeon and Levi kill the whole city in revenge.


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35. Jacob goes to Bethel, Rachel and Isaac die.


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36. Descendants of Esau.


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37. Joseph dreams, after which he was sold to Egypt by his brothers.


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38. Judas's children Ir, Onan and Shela.


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39. Joseph is being imprisoned because of Potiphar's wife.


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40. Joseph interprets the dreams of two prisoners.


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41. Pharaoh has a dream and Joseph is asked to explain them.


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Joseph becomes the master of all Egypt.


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42. Joseph's brothers go to Egypt to get food during the famine.


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43. Joseph's brothers are going to Egypt for the second time.


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44. Joseph deceives his brothers and threatens to put Benjamin in prison.


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45. Joseph reveals his identity to his brothers.


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46. Jacob goes to Egypt; Jacob's descendants.


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47. Jacob and his family settle in Raamses, Joseph struggles with hunger.


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48. A blessing from Manasseh and Ephraim.


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49. Jacob prophesies to his children and dies.


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50. Jacob is buried, Joseph dies.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The main stories of the book


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The creation of the world


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The book begins with the words “God created heaven and earth in the beginning,” followed by a description of the creation of the world in 6 days.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

On the first day, light was created.


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On the second day, God created heaven.


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The Book of Genesis

On the third day, God created earth and plants: grass and trees of various kinds.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

On the fourth day, God created two stars and placed the Sun, Moon, and stars in the firmament of heaven.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

On the fifth day, God created fish, reptiles, and birds and blessed them with the words: “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let the birds multiply on earth” ().


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

On the sixth day, God created the rest of the animals.


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On the same day, God created man in His own image: man and woman.


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On the seventh day, God was at rest.


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God blessed the seventh day because that was the day He finished His work.


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The Book of Genesis

When God created man, He breathed the breath of life into his nostrils, and man became a living soul.


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For man, God planted a garden called Eden.


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There He settled a man and allowed him to eat the fruits from all the trees, but forbade him to eat the fruits of the tree of knowledge of good and evil.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

“And the Lord God said, It is not good for a man to be alone;...” (), and created his wife from the rib.


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Fall from sin


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The Book of Genesis

After God created a woman (Eve) for man (Adam), people began to live in Eden.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The tempting serpent persuaded the woman to eat the fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil (from which God forbade eating fruits), the woman gave the man, and they ate.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

God called the man, “Where are you?”


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

“I saw my nudity and hid myself.”


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

said the man (and before eating the fruit from the tree of knowledge, people were not ashamed of being naked).


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

God understood that they were eating fruit from the tree from which he forbade them to eat, and drove them out of Eden.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The man, Adam, named his wife Eva.


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The Book of Genesis

People began to live and earn money by their labor, because by driving Adam out of paradise, God said to him: “In the sweat of your face, you will eat your bread” ().


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Antediluvian times


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Then Adam and Eve began to live on earth.


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The Book of Genesis

They had children: Cain and Abel.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

One day, brothers brought gifts to God, Abel's gift was pleasing to God, and Cain's gift was not pleasing.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Cain became angry and asked Abel to go out into the field where he killed him.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

For this, God cursed Cain and made him an outcast and an apostate.


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The Book of Genesis

Cain went to Nod's country.


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There he had a son, Enoch.


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The Book of Genesis

The Bible goes on to describe the Cain before Lamech lineage.


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The Book of Genesis

Adam and Eve had a son, Seth (Sheth).


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Then comes the family of Seth to Noah, under which the Flood occurred.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The Deluge


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

When people began to multiply on earth, they saw the sons of God (the righteous) that the daughters of men were beautiful, and began to marry them.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Over time, people began to become more and more corrupt and embark on the sinful path of life that God did not like ().


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

God made a flood as punishment.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Only the righteous Noah and his family were saved in the ark he had built himself.


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People table


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Noah's sons: Sim, Ham, Japhet.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Making God's covenant with Abraham.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Abraham's sons Isaac and Ishmael become ancestors of Jews and Arabs.


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The Book of Genesis

Isaac's sons: Esau founded the kingdom of Idumea, and Jacob founded the twelve tribes of Israel.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Isaac's Sacrifice


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

God cancels Isaac's sacrifice and orders him to sacrifice a ram.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Seeing Abraham's loyalty, the Lord confirms his covenant with him.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Jacob's Dream


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The Book of Genesis

Jacob's descendants


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Joseph in Egypt


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Dividing the Book into Weekly Chapters in Judaism


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The Book of Genesis

Bereshit (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Noah (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Lech leha (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Vaera (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Hayei Sarah (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Toldot (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Vaetze (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Vaishlach (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Vayeshev (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Miketz (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Vaigash (—)


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The Book of Genesis

Vayekhi (—)


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Opinions on the origin of the book


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

The German philosopher Herder tried to prove that Genesis was created on the basis of an oral tradition that existed long before the prophet Moses [5].


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

See also


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

In the beginning, God created heaven and earth


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The Book of Genesis

Enuma elish


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The Book of Genesis

First person


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The Book of Genesis

Forefathers


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The Book of Genesis

Notes


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The Book of Genesis

Literature


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The Book of Genesis


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

A collection of translations from Hebrew, Aramaic and Medieval Hebrew.


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The Book of Genesis

— Moscow: Olymp, 2010.


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The Book of Genesis

— 700 p.


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

— 1000 copies


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

— ISBN 978-5-7390-2468-8


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

References


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Preface to Sonchino's edition.


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The Book of Genesis

(in English)


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The Book of Genesis


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The Book of Genesis

Reads Nikolai Digalo


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The Book of Genesis

Category:Old Testament books


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The Book of Genesis

Category:Pentateuch


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The Book of Genesis


Question: When was The Book of Genesis created?

The Book of Genesis

Category:Creation texts


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

HMS Temeraire (His Majesty's Ship Timirer) is a 98-gun battleship of the second rank.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The second ship of the Royal Navy,


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

named HMS Temeraire.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The second Neptune class battleship.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

It was founded in July 1793.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

It was launched on September 11, 1798 at the royal shipyard in Chatham.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, mainly serving as blockade or escorting convoys.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He took part in only one major naval battle, the Battle of Trafalgar, but became widely known for his actions and their subsequent reflection in art and literature.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Built at the royal shipyard in Chatham, the Timirer became part of the Canal fleet, which at that time was occupied by the blockade of Brest.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The French fleet did not take any action, and therefore the ships of the squadron did not have the opportunity to prove themselves.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

However, when the crew of the Timirer heard rumors that the ship was going to be sent to the West Indies, while peace with France seemed inevitable, some crew members refused to obey orders.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

This rebellion eventually failed, and the leaders of the rebellion were brought to justice and executed.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After the conclusion of the Peace of Amiens, the Timirer was sent to reserve, but returned to service after the resumption of war with France.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Once again part of the Canal fleet, he joined Horatio Nelson's squadron, which blockaded the Franco-Spanish fleet in Cadiz in 1805.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At the Battle of Trafalgar on October 21, the ship entered battle just after Nelson's flagship, the Victory.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

In the midst of the battle, the Timirer came to the aid of the besieged Victory and captured two French ships, thereby earning wide fame in the UK.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After undergoing a major overhaul, the Timirer continued to participate in the blockade of French fleets and support the British


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

operations off the Spanish coast.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He was sent to the Baltic Sea in 1809, protecting convoys from attacks by Danish gunboats, and by 1810 he was back off the coast of Spain, helping protect Cadiz from the French army.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

His last operation against the French was the blockade of Toulon, when he came under fire from coastal batteries.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The ship returned to Great Britain in 1813 for repairs, but was sent to reserve.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

In 1819, it was transformed into a floating prison and moored in the Tamar River.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He then continued his service at Sheerness as a receiving ship, then as a floating warehouse, and finally as a patrol ship.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Admiralty decided to scrap the ship in 1838, and it was towed to the Thames, where it was to be dismantled.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

This last voyage was depicted in William Turner's painting “The Last Voyage of the Ship Brave”.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

This painting is still very popular and was even recognized as a favorite painting in the UK in 2005.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Start of service


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Channel fleet


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer was commissioned on March 21, 1799 under the command of Captain Peter Puget, who was in office


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

until July 26, 1799, leading the process of preparing the ship for going to sea.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He was replaced by Captain Thomas Eiles on July 27


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

1799, while the ship was anchored in St. Helens, Isle of Wight [1].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Under the command of Eiles, the Timirer finally sailed at the end of July under the flag of Rear Admiral Sir John Borlas Warren, and joined the Canal fleet under the command of Admiral Alexander Hood [1].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At that time, the canal's fleet was busy with the blockade of the French port of Brest and Timirer spent several months patrolling the area.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

On October 14, 1799, Eiles was replaced by the first captain of the Timirer, Peter Puget, and the following month, the Timirer became the flagship of Rear Admiral James Whitshed [2].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Alexander Hood left his post as Commander-in-Chief of the Canal Fleet and was replaced by Admiral Earl Saint Vincent in mid-1799 and the blockade of French ports continued throughout the winter and all next year.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

On April 20, 1800, Puget was replaced by Captain Edward Marsh [1].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Marsh led the Timirer for the rest of this year and throughout the first half of 1801, until he was replaced by Captain Thomas Eiles, who arrived on board on August 31, 1801 [2].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At that time, Rear Admiral Whitshed also carried his flag, and the Timirer became the flagship of Rear Admiral George Campbell [2].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

By this time, the Second Coalition, created for the war with France, ceased to exist, and peace negotiations began.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Earl of St. Vincent was promoted to First Lord of the Admiralty, and command of the Canal Fleet was transferred to Admiral Sir William Cornwallis.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Since the end of the war was imminent, the Timirer interrupted its siege service and was sent to Bantry Bay to wait for the arrival of the convoy it was supposed to escort to the West Indies.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Many of the ship's crew had served in the Navy since the beginning of the French Wars in 1793, and were looking forward to returning to England after the conclusion of peace.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Upon learning that they would instead have to go to the West Indies, about a dozen sailors began to persuade the rest of the crew to refuse to sail anywhere except England [1] [3].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Mutiny


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The first open conflict between rebels and officers occurred on the morning of December 3, when a small group of sailors


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

gathered on the tank, and when they were ordered to disperse, she began to argue with the officers.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When Captain Eiles asked what they wanted,


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

the sailors replied that they needed guarantees that the Timirer would not go to the West Indies, but would instead return to England.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

TO


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

In the end, Rear Admiral Campbell himself came out to talk to the people, who told them that the officers did not know where the ship would be ordered to go, and ordered the sailors to disperse.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

They obeyed his order and the uprising that had begun seemed to be over [3].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

However, the leaders of the rebellion did not abandon their intentions, and continued cautious questioning among the rest of the crew.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When they found out that most of the crew, if not supporting the rebellion, were at least not against it, and that the ship's sailors would be supported by the Marines, as well as the crews several other warships in Bantry Bay, they have decided to continue with their plan [4].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The mutiny began when the crew closed the ship's gun ports and barricaded themselves under deck.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Having done this, they refused to obey the order to open them again, laughed at the officers and threatened them with violence [5].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Then the sailors went on deck and once again demanded to inform them of their destination and said that they refused to obey orders to sail anywhere except England [6].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Alarmed by the actions of the crew, Campbell met with Vice Admiral Sir Andrew Mitchell the next day and reported


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

to him about the demands of the rebels.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Mitchell reported this news to the Admiralty, while Campbell returned to the Timirer and


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Gathered the crew on deck again.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He called on them to return to service and then released them [7].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At this time, discipline among the rebels began to fall rapidly.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Several crew members got drunk, and some officers suffered from violent sailors.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When one of the Marines who supported the rebellion was shackled for drunkenness and audacity, the crowd gathered on deck and tried to free him [8].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Officers resisted these attempts, and when sailors began to push and threaten them, Campbell ordered the Marines to arrest those he had identified as instigators.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Marines hesitated, but then obeyed the order, pushing the rebellious sailors back and arresting several leaders who were immediately shackled.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Campbell ordered the remaining crew to abandon any rebellion, and deprived of their leaders, the rebellion stopped, although officers were on the lookout for a few more days after that, and the naval infantrymen were ordered to conduct continuous patrols [9].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

News of the mutiny caused a sensation in England, and the Admiralty ordered the Timirer to immediately sail to Spithead, where the case was to be investigated.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Vice Admiral Mitchell received emergency powers regarding the death penalty, and the Timirer hurriedly traveled to the shores of England [10].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Upon the arrival of the ship, 14 imprisoned leaders were convicted by a military court in Portsmouth aboard the Gladiator, several on January 6, 1802, and the rest on January 14.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After the case was discussed, twelve people were sentenced to hang, and two were to receive two hundred lashes each.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Four sailors were hanged aboard the Timirer, and the rest were hanged aboard other ships anchored in Portsmouth, including the Majestic, Formidable, Achilles and Centauri [11].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The West Indies and the World


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After the end of the trials, the Timirer was immediately sent to sea, sailing from Portsmouth to the Isle of Wight the next day and began preparations for its postponed journey to the West Indies.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He sailed for Barbados, arriving there on February 24, and stayed in the West Indies until the summer [12].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At this time, the Peace of Amiens was finally signed and ratified, and Timirer was ordered to return to the UK.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He arrived in Plymouth on September 28 and Captain Eiles left the ship on October 5.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Due to the reduction in the size of the fleet in peace, the Timirer was sent to reserve and remained in Hamoaz for the next year and a half [1].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Back in action


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Peace of Amiens brought a brief break in the wars with revolutionary France, but in 1803 the war of the third coalition began.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer, whose condition deteriorated significantly during a long period spent at rest, was sent to dry dock on May 22, 1803 for repairs with the replacement of its copper plating [13].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Work was delayed when a strong storm hit Plymouth in January 1804, causing significant damage to the Timirer, but the repair was nevertheless completed by February 1804 and cost £16,898 [1].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Command of the ship was transferred to Captain Eliab Harvey, who arrived on board on January 1, 1804.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Upon going to sea, he sailed to join the Canal fleet, still under the command of Admiral Cornwallis. [14]


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Timirer has again taken up its previous duties under the blockade of the French fleet in Brest.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Severe weather conditions did their job, and the ship was sent to Torbay for major repairs, which cost £9,143 [15].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

During this time, Harvey was often absent from board, acting as a Member of Parliament for Essex.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He was temporarily replaced by Captain William Kelly on August 27, 1804, and was replaced by Captain George Fawk on April 6, 1805.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Harvey returned to his ship on 9 July 1805, just as the reinforced squadron that, under the command of Vice Admiral Sir Robert Calder, blocked Rochefort, intercepted and attacked the Franco - Spanish fleet at the Battle of Cape Finisterre.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The French admiral, Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, was forced to abandon his attempt to join the French forces in Brest, and instead sailed south to Ferrol and then to Cadiz.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When news of the location of the Franco-Spanish fleet reached the Admiralty, it ordered Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson to take command of the blocking forces in Cadiz, which were at the time under the command of Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood [17].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Battle of Trafalgar


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer was ordered to join the blockade of Cadiz, and after sailing for a rendezvous with Collingwood, Captain Harvey was waiting to arrive


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson's flagship, the 100-gun Victory, arrived at Cadiz on September 28, and Nelson took command of the fleet.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He spent the next few weeks developing an attack plan in preparation for the expected sortie of the Franco-Spanish fleet, distributing it to his captains on October 9 in the form of a memorandum [18].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The plan provided for an attack on the enemy line by two columns of ships, breaking through the enemy line and separating the vanguard from the center and rear guard.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson placed his largest and most powerful ships in the heads of the columns, and the Timirer was tasked with leading Nelson's own column [19].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The fleet patrolled the sea at a considerable distance from the Spanish coast to lure the combined fleet out of the harbor, and the squadron's ships took advantage of the opportunity to train and prepare for the upcoming battle [18].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The combined fleet went to sea on October 19, 1805 and remained in the field of view of British ships until October 21.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

built a fleet in two lines and the British began to approach the Franco-Spanish fleet.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Contrary to its original plan,


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson decided to lead his column personally.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Worried about the Admiral's safety in such an open position, Henry Blackwood,


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson's longtime friend and commander of the frigate Evrial, suggested that Nelson move aboard his ship, from where he could better observe and lead the battle.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson refused, and Blackwood then tried to convince him to allow Harvey to come past him in the Timirer, and led the column into battle [19].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson agreed, and he signaled Harvey to come past him.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When the Timirer caught up with the Victory, Nelson decided that if he allowed another ship to lead its line, Collingwood, commander of the leeward column of ships, should do the same [20].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He signaled Collingwood, who was aboard his flagship Royal Soverin, to let another ship go ahead, but Collingwood continued to move in its previous position.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Nelson then reportedly greeted the Timirer as it approached the Victory and ordered Captain Harvey to take a position behind the rear of the Victory. [21]


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When Victory cut the Franco-Spanish line in front of the nose of the French flagship Butsentaur, Harvey was forced to turn away and


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

turning starboard to the 140-gun Spanish ship Santisima Trinidad, he fought with it for twenty minutes, while receiving several volleys from two French ships, the 80-gun” Neptune” and the 74-gun Redutable [22].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Redutable volley knocked down the Timirer's crews stenga, and evading the Neptune side volley, Timirer barely managed to avoid a collision with the Redutablem.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Another volley of the Neptune knocked down the Timirer's foca ray and mainstenga, and damaged its foremast and bowsprit.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When Harvey learned that the Redutable had grappled with the Victory and was firing musket fire and grenades at its deck, and a large group of French gathered on its decks preparing to take the Victory on boarding, he rushed to the rescue [23].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer suddenly arose from the smoke of the battle and, passing behind the stern of the Redutable, fired an onboard volley at it with double charges.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Jean-Jacques Etienne Lucas, captain of Redutable, wrote that:


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

... the three-deck ship, which undoubtedly realized that the Victory had already ceased fire and would inevitably be captured, passed along the starboard side of the Redutable and shot us almost point-blank range with the fire of all its guns.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

It would be impossible to describe the terrible massacre carried out by the deadly volley of this ship.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

More than 200 of our brave boys were killed or injured by him.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Timirer and Redutable


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer then collided with the Redutable, demolishing several cannons of the French ship, and grappled with it with masts that fell from one ship to another [24].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer opened continuous fire from port guns at the French ship, while coming under fire from the 112-gun Spanish ship Santa Anna, behind the Timirer, and the 74-gun the French ship Fugue, which approached the Timirer from the starboard side [25].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Harvey ordered his gun crews not to open fire until the Fugue got close enough.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer's first volley at the Fugue was fired from a distance of less than 100 meters, caused significant damage to the Frenchman's rigging, and he grappled with the Timirer, whose crew immediately reacted to the new threat.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer is now sandwiched between two French 74-gun ships [26].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Redutable, in turn sandwiched between the Victory and the Timirer, suffered heavy losses (according to Captain Lucas, there were 300 killed and 222 wounded on board).


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

During the battle, several grenades thrown from the deck and the Redutable's stengs on the deck of the Timirer killed and wounded several crew members and caused a fire to the rigging of its starboard side.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

There was a short pause in the battle, during which both sides tried to extinguish the flames [27].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At the same time, the Timirer miraculously escaped destruction when a grenade thrown from the Redutable exploded on its main deck, next to the gunpowder depot.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Captenarmus John Tuhig prevented the spread of fire and saved not only the Timirer, but also the surrounding ships that would have been badly damaged by the explosion [27].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Twenty minutes after the start of the fight with Victory and Timirer, Redutable turned into a wreck.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer was also badly damaged when the Redutable's mainmast fell to its stern, as a result of which it lost its crews stenga.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When it became clear that his ship was about to sink, Captain Lucas finally surrendered to the Timirer.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Harvey sent a prize game to the Redutable under the command of Second Lieutenant, John Wallace, to take command of the ship [25].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Timirer and Fugue


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer and Fugue, which clung together, continued to exchange side volleys.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The crew of the Timirer cleared the upper deck


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

a French ship with small arms fire.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Then the French tried to board the Timirer, but the height is high


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

the three-deck Timirer compared to the two-deck Fugue prevented the French from implementing their plans.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Then Captain Harvey


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

sent his boarding party, led by First Lieutenant Thomas Fortescue Kennedy, who boarded the Fugue


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

through the ports on its main deck [28].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The French tried to repel the attack, but could not resist the superior forces of the British.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The captain of the Fugue, Louis Alexis Baudouin, was fatally wounded even earlier, so the ship was commanded by Commodore Francois Bazin.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

When he learned that almost all officers had been killed or wounded, and that most of the guns had failed, Bazin handed over the ship to the British [29].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer, which seized both French ships, was dearly given this victory.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He lost 47 people killed and 76 wounded [30].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

All its sails and yards were destroyed, only the lower yards survived, the rudder stock and starboard cramboles were broken.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Eight feet of the right hull cladding and both aft balconies were destroyed [31].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Harvey asked for a frigate to tow his damaged ship, and the Sirius came to help.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Before the Sirius was able to tow it, the Timirer came under fire from the still unoccupied vanguard of the combined fleet, led by Rear Admiral Pierre Dumanoir [32].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Harvey ordered several cannons that could be used to return fire, and the attack was eventually repulsed by fresh British ships arriving at the battlefield [32].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Storm and return to England


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Shortly after the battle ended, a strong storm hit this area of the sea.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Some of the captured French and


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Spanish ships sank due to the storm, including both the Timirer, Fugue and Redutable prizes.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Along with the sunken ships, a significant number of their crew members died, as well as 47 crew members of the Timirer, who were on them as prize crews [33].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer waited for the storm in tow less damaged ships, sometimes anchored.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He took on board a number of Spanish and French prisoners transferred from other ships, including several people transferred from the Evrial, which served as Cuthbert's temporary flagship Collingwood.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Harvey took the opportunity to board the Evrial and present his report on the battle to Collingwood, and since he became the only captain to do so before Collingwood's compilation of his dispatch of victory, he was especially noted by the Admiral [33].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer finally arrived in Gibraltar on November 2, eleven days after the fight.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After undergoing an urgent repair, he sailed


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

to England, arriving in Portsmouth on December 1, three days before the Victory arrived with Nelson's body [34].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The ships that took part in the battle quickly became tourist attractions, and a large number of visitors flocked to see them.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer was particularly popular, being the only ship to be named in the Collingwood Report for its heroic behavior [35].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

A number of artists have visited recently returned ships, including John Livesey, an artist at the Royal Naval Academy.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Livesey made several sketches of the damaged ships, sending them to Nicholas Pocock, who used them for large paintings dedicated to the battle.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer was one of the ships he painted [36].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Another visitor to Portsmouth was William Turner.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

It is not known whether he visited the Timirer, although he was on board the Victory, taking preparatory notes and sketches and interviewing sailors who participated in the battle [37].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The story of the heroism of the Timirer crew was so firmly rooted in the public consciousness that when the House of Commons expressed gratitude to the people who fought under Trafalgar, only three names were highlighted especially Nelson, Collingwood, and Captain Harvey [37]


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Mediterranean and Baltic


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The damaged Timirer was almost immediately dry-docked in Portsmouth for major repairs, which eventually lasted sixteen months and cost £25,352.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

He eventually left the shipyard in mid-1807, entering service under the command of Captain Sir Charles Hamilton [33].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After preparing to go to sea, Hamilton went to the Mediterranean Sea in September and joined the fleet that blocked the French in Toulon.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The blockade passed without major incident, and the Timirer returned to Great Britain in April 1808 to undergo repairs in Plymouth.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

While he was in the UK, the strategic situation in Europe has changed.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Spain rebelled against French rule and went to war against France.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer sailed in June to join the naval forces operating off the coast of Spain to support Spanish troops in the Iberian Wars [33].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

This mission continued until early 1809, when he returned to England.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

At this time, the UK was actively active in the Baltic Sea.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

An expedition led by Sir James Gambier captured most of the Danish fleet in July 1807 at the Battle of Copenhagen, in response to fears that the fleet might fall into the hands of Napoleon.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Captain Hamilton left the ship and was replaced by Captain Edward Clay.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer became the flagship of Rear Admiral Sir Manley Dixon, who was ordered to go to the Baltic Sea to strengthen the fleet stationed there under the command of Sir James Sumares.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer arrived there in May 1809 and was sent to blockade Karlskrona on the Swedish coast [38].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

While he was sent on patrol with the 64-gun Ardent and the frigate Melpomene, the Timirer took part in a battle with a flotilla of Danish gunboats.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Part of the crew of the Ardent landed on Romso Island, but was caught by surprise by a Danish night attack, as a result of which most of the Ardent sailors were taken prisoner [38].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The frigate Melpomene was sent under a white flag to arrange their return, but returning from this mission was calm.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

A flotilla of thirty Danish gunboats launched an attack, taking advantage of the Melpomene's inability to maneuver.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Then the Melpomene asked for help from the Timirer, which immediately sent its boats to help it.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

They forced the Danish gunboats to retreat and then helped the Melpomene get to safety.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

It was badly damaged and lost 5 people killed and 29 wounded [39].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer and other ships of the Baltic squadron were later sent to monitor the actions of the Russian fleet in Revel, during which it explored the island of Nargen.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After several missions to escort the convoys, the Timirer was ordered to return to Great Britain and arrived in Plymouth in November 1809 [40].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

Iberian Service


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

After undergoing repairs in Plymouth, the Timirer continued service under Captain Edwin Chamberlain at the end of January 1810.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Iberian War reached a critical stage when the Spanish government in Cadiz was besieged by the French.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer, now the flagship of Rear Admiral Francis Pickmore, was ordered to strengthen the defense of the city and send part of its crew to coastal batteries and gunboats [41].


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The sailors from the Timirer took an active part in hostilities until July 1810, when Picmore was ordered to go to the Mediterranean Sea and take the post of admiral of the port in Mahon.


Question: How many 98-gun second-rank HMS Temeraire battleships were built?

HMS Temeraire (1798)

The Timirer joined the blockade of Toulon, joining the blocking British fleet under the command of Admiral Sir Edward Pellew.