Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

On the way, one of the horses fell and did not get up, after which Khadzhimukan put it in a cart, tied the second horse behind, and dragged them all to the village [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan was not even 17 years old, when they began to talk about him as a strong wrestler who had many victories over the wrestlers of Akmola region, and his fame began to diverge throughout the Kazakh steppe [5] [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

According to Khadzhimukan's stories, at the age of 18 he was invited to the circus.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He works in the stable and at the same time learns the intricacies of circus wrestling.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

When he turns 20, he enters the arena for the first time [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Debut


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1901, the French wrestling championship opened in Omsk and rumors about the performance of professional wrestlers and their victories over local wrestlers reach Khadzhimukan.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Having decided to fight with professionals, Khadzhimukan accepts the challenge of the strongest of them — Andrey Zlobin [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

This fight turns out to be a difficult test not only for Khadzhimukan, but also for Zlobin himself, who met a worthy opponent.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But Zlobin turns out to be more technical and experienced, and defeats him in the 18th minute after the start of the fight.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The Russian wrestler, who experienced the colossal physical abilities of a young Kazakh strongman, according to legend, advises him to choose wrestling as his profession and enter the wrestling school of the famous Ivan Vladimirovich Lebedev, known as “Uncle Vanya”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

It is said that Khadzhimukan studied at the Lebedev school in the period 1903—1904 [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

However, it is doubtful that Khadzhimukan, who was ten years older than Lebedev, studied with him and the whole story is more like a legend for a circus poster.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But this legend was even included in the Kazakh Encyclopedia (see Fig. Volume III, p. 345).


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Most authors make the date of Lebedev's opening of his school - June 1905 - the starting point for Khadzhimukan's sports career, but at that time Khadzhimukan was 34 years old, and about his life between 20 and 34, nothing is known.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In addition, the aforementioned Zlobin, Poddubny, even a tigrolov from Kazan, Dobrogo-Ryaboy, is called Khadzhimukan's recommendation.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Moreover, Khadzhimukan appeared in the field of view of famous “collectors of athletic antiquity” at that time: in 1905, V. M. Pivkin, and in 1908, Yu.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

IN. Shaposhnikova [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

It is not entirely clear what Khadzhimukan did from the age of 20 to 35 years.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The situation can be clarified by assuming that he was not born in 1871, but in 1883.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

This is consistent with the words of Sabit Mukanov: “During our trip (in 1925), Khadzhimukan was already in his forties” (that is, he was born a little earlier than 1885, but could not be born in 1871) [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

First success


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The first major success came to Khadzhimukan in 1905 in Harbin.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He passed the jujitsu wrestling championship without a single defeat and won a gold medal.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

After returning from Harbin, Khadzhimukan gained fame as the “Champion of Manchuria”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He had several pseudonyms: “Black Ivan” (One of the most famous nicknames, he was called that because he performed with four Ivanov - together with Poddubny, Zaikin and Shemyakin), “Red Mask”, but the pseudonym “Mukhanura” was assigned to him until the October Revolution [5], hence the nickname “Yamagata Mukhunuri”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In the pre-revolutionary period


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Before the revolution, enterprising championship directors and reporters began to pass him off as Japanese or Manchu.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

For example, in 1909, Hadjimukan performed in the group of the famous Estonian wrestler, world champion Georg Lurich [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Speaking about the leading group of his wrestlers, Lurich described Hajimukan as follows: The son of the East is Japanese Mukhanura.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He is a fighter of strong and rare build, distinguished by savagery and ferocity in wrestling.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1909, at the French Wrestling World Championships in Gothenburg (Sweden), Hadzhimukan won a gold medal and became the first Kazakh to receive the title of world wrestling champion [7].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1910, a large group of European and Russian wrestlers went to America.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In America, they were divided into several groups, one of which was attended by Khadzhimukan [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan's most successful performance on a tour of cities in South America was his victory in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he was awarded a gold medal [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Already in December 1910 — January 1911, he performed at the international championship [comment 3] in Moscow, which means that Khadzhimukan had already returned from America by that time.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In this championship, Khadzhimukan defeats Razumov, Schneider, Ioganesov, Winter and Apollo in a short period of time.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

His fight with the wrestler Cyclops is very fierce, which ended in a draw.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

On the seventh day, Khadzhimukan met with Georg Lurich, who was the host of the championship.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But the first twenty-minute fight does not work and Lurich calls him for revenge the next day.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But this time, Lurich fails to defeat him, and judges sympathetic to Lurich extend the fight time and ultimately declare him the winner [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In April 1911, Khadzhimukan performed in St. Petersburg.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Among the participants of the championship, which took place in the summer garden “Fare”, were several world champions, including Raul de Rouen and Georg Lurich.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

This time Khadzhimukan also suffered the fate of the previous championship: in the middle of the championship he will be disqualified for allegedly violating the rules [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Then Khadzhimukan is invited to international competitions in Warsaw, where Khadzhimukan meets with the famous Paul Abs, Russian champion Ivan Yago and the famous Russian wrestler Latvian [8] Weiland- Schultz.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan wins a gold medal, while Laube and Paul Abs receive silver and bronze medals respectively [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Six months later, Khadzhimukan returns to Poland again to take part in the championship of Warsaw.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He won a prize, but he was higher than Czech wrestler Karl Pospesil, world champions Karl Zaft and Georg Lurich [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In May 1912, Khadzhimukan took part in the Saratov championship, which was of an international nature.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He was awarded a silver medal and was advertised under his real name, but he was presented as a Tatar [5] [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1912, Khadzhimukan took part in a competition that took place at the Nizhny Novgorod circus “Sur”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The question was being resolved: who will get the big and small medals of the All-Russian Championship.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan performed successfully from the first days and, having confidently dealt with his rivals, reached the final.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But by the end of the championship, contrary to the rules, a capable wrestler and circus artist Nikolai Turbas joined the fight.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The battle between Turbas and Khadzhimukan decided the fate of the I and II places.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In this fight, Khadzhimukan tried to suppress his opponent with powerful shocks and weaken the opponent with physical strength.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Although Turbas was on the verge of defeat many times, he managed to escape the grip of Khadzhimukan with his dexterity.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

This is how Turbas recalled that match:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Kyrgyz athlete Kazhymukan stood out among us for his figure and strength.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He had the broadest shoulders, tremendous strength, long arms, which was of great importance in the struggle.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

<... > many wrestlers were afraid of him and were reluctant to fight him [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

When Khadzhimukan managed to overturn Turbas, who was a resident of Nizhny Novgorod, from the stage, this unforeseen incident hurt local viewers.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

They, being unfamiliar with the rules of wrestling, actively interfered in refereeing.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Finally, when Khadzhimukan came backstage to change his clothes, armed men were waiting for him there.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan only had to leave through the back door.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Thus, a large gold medal was awarded to Nikolai Turbas, and a small gold medal was awarded to Khadzhimukan [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1913, Khadzhimukan, together with such outstanding wrestlers as Ivan Poddubny, Ivan Zaikin, Nikolai Vakhturov and Alex Aberg, competed in several major international competitions, and in some of them takes places in the top three winners.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan achieved great success at the end of 1913 in Troitsk, where he went on the mat 18 times and never lost.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Among the losers were the famous German wrestler Westergard Schmidt, Frenchman Fisuri Kolos, Estonian strongman Tigane, Russian wrestler Petrov [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1914, Khadzhimukan came to Nizhny Novgorod to participate in competitions, where his main rival was to be Westergard Schmidt.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

To avoid defeat, Schmidt puts forward a condition that Khadzhimukan cannot fulfill: he declares that he will fight only for a personal prize of 100 rubles.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan turns to the audience and asks someone to pay these 100 rubles instead of him.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

His countrymen Nurlan and Abdulla Yeserkenovs come out of the hall and hand over the required amount to the arbitrator.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The fundamental fight between Schmidt and Khadzhimukan ends with the victory of the Kazakh wrestler [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Among Khadzhimukan's numerous victories, his victory over Japanese wrestler Sarakiki Jindofu is especially significant [comment 4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

After the end of the official French Wrestling World Championship in Harbin (according to other sources: in Japan [9]), Sarakiki goes to the mat and declares that with the help of Japanese jujitsu wrestling, he will put on the shoulder blades of any wrestler.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Knowing about the peculiarities of this struggle, no one accepts this challenge, except Khadzhimukan.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

During the fight, Sarakiki tears Hajimukana's ear and lower lip, but after getting used to it, Hadjimukan takes the Japanese into a powerful grip and throws him on the carpet.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Subsequently, Sarakiki dies, either from a broken heart or from madness [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

At that time, Khadzhimukan's fame rattled all over the world.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

One of the Russian wrestlers wrote: The glory of the Russian hero Ivan Poddubny and the Kazakh batyr Kazhymukan rattled all over the world at that time [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Countrymen were proud of Khadzhimukan's success and considered him a national hero.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1913, the Kazakh newspaper published an article about him called “Kazakh-Bogatyr”: At the moment, a Kazakh hero is performing in St. Petersburg, Moscow, as well as foreign countries.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

His name is Mukan Munaitpasov.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Now he is only over 30 years old.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

His chest is decorated with a lot of medals.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

During the revolution and after


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

After the beginning of the October Revolution, Khadzhimukan participated in the formation of Soviet power and the struggle against counter-revolutionaries.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan, October 19, 1917, at the head of Omsk Kazakhs stormed the headquarters of the Alash-Orda residents, this became known from documentary materials cited by Saken Seifullin on the pages of the story “The Thorny Path ”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

After the Civil War, he started his favorite business — organizing various championships on the territory of Kazakhstan.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1926, a professional theater was opened in Kyzylorda for the first time in the history of the Kazakh people.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Many folk talents began their journey in this theater, including: Amre Kashaubayev, one of the winners of the world competition of folk art performers in Paris (1927), People's Artist of Kazakhstan Kalibek Kuanyshpayev, famous akyn improviser Isa Baizakov [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

At the end of life


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1940, Khadzhimukan, who had already noticeably aged, decided to speak to the public for the last time and thus complete his many years of labor activity.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But after the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, many circus artists of the past transfer their savings to help the front [comment 5], and Khadzhimukan, not wanting to lag behind his friends, organizes a circus tent and speaks to the audience in order to raise funds to help Soviet soldiers [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Using simple props — hammer, chains and weights — he tours villages.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

A seventy-year-old man makes power moves again.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Sometimes, not finding a truck and a half, instead lies under the barn gate and the whole village steps along it [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan held his last speech in 1944 in the districts of the South Kazakhstan region and handed over the collected money in the amount of 100 thousand rubles to the USSR Defense Fund.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

With the collected money, he asks to donate an aircraft (model U-2) on his behalf to the Soviet Army, which will be named after another legendary Kazakh Amangeldy Imanov [5] [11].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In response to Khadzhimukan's request, he receives a telegram of thanks from Stalin, in which he satisfies his request [4]:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Please accept my greetings and gratitude to the Red Army, comrade. Haji Mukan, for your care of the Red Army Air Force.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Your wish will be granted.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

This aircraft, solemnly handed over by Khadzhimukan himself, fought on the Baltic and Leningrad fronts under the control of a young Kazakh pilot Kazhytay Shalabaev, made 217 sorties (120 of them night) and stayed in the air for 430 hours [12] [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In the last years of his life, Khadzhimukan was left without attention from the authorities and had to sell medals to support his large family.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He was denied a visit to his old friend Ivan Poddubny, whose fate was also tragic.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Many fighters, including Khadzhimukan himself, were persecuted by the NKVD for allegedly serving “tsarism” and other “crimes”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Despite this, Khadzhimukan, with his authority, helps relatives who fell under “dispossession” during the repression [7] [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1947, a year before his death, Khadzhimukan wrote his last request to the chairman of the Council of Ministers Nurtas Undasynov, who for some reason does not dare to help the elderly wrestler on his own and settle the pension issue, and instead sends a petition for help to Secretary of the Central Committee Zhumabay Shayakhmetov.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

But the Central Committee of the Party is indifferent to the fate of the legendary wrestler and does not satisfy him [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

However, it should be borne in mind that the issues of assigning and paying pensions were not at all the prerogative of the Central Committee.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The text of Khadzhimukan's letter, which is stored in the state archive of Kazakhstan:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Please.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Elder, allow me to state a request for my adversity.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

My situation today is very bad.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Please look at me with a merciful look — I have neither food nor clothes.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

At the age of seventy-six and seventy-seventh, I fell into a similar situation.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

There is no person in the family who is fit for work.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I have three young children.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

On June 1, 1946, I moved to the Leninskoye Znamya collective farm of the Temirlanovsky Village Council of the Aryssky District, but the district organizations of Arys do not provide any assistance.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I don't have a house, although they promised to build a house, but they didn't build it.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I live in a barn, in a cattle house.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In addition to the above, I ask you to create conditions for Khadzhimukan that are appropriate for Khadzhimukan.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Let me experience my 75th anniversary.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The limit of my desires is 1-2 cows with calves to have milk, and a mare with a foal.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I don't have any other requests.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Hi from me!


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I have not been given the monthly pension of 500 rubles that you promised.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I'm waiting for news.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Goodbye to Khadzhimukan's request.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

January 10, 1947


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan died on August 12, 1948 at the age of 77, presumably due to pneumonia from living in a barn [6], on the Leninskoye Znamya collective farm (Kazakh: Lenin Tuy) of the Temirlanovsky Village Council Ordabasy district of South Kazakhstan region, leaving behind no students, no wealth, or a home for their children.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

His grave is located five kilometers from the village of Temirlanovka, the administrative center of Ordabasy district.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Myths and legends


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan was a good storyteller and knew how to captivate his listener.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Many legends about his countless victories and mighty strength were generated primarily by the great wrestler himself.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Writer Sabit Mukanov, who had a chance to meet with Khadzhimukan several times, wrote:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Haji Mukan spoke the most.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I thought he had a little brag about it.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He claimed that he had already visited 56 countries, received the title of world champion 56 times — and as a result, 56 medals.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I don't remember exactly how many medals he won, but there were really a lot of them, and moreover, from different countries.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

I don't think every medal is awarded to him as a champion...


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

However, Sabit Mukanov's cheerful skepticism dissipated when Khadzhimukan at the evening performance began to bend thick iron bars, bring to the stage and break a 20-pound stone with a huge hammer millstones.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

This was followed by its crown number — loaded carts passed through it [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Sabit Mukanov also wrote that when Khadzhimukan shook the cocky poet Isa Baizakov “slightly” in his hearts, he hit his head against the ceiling.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In a special train that traveled from Orenburg to Ak-Mechet (Kyzylorda) for the fifth congress of the Communist Party, Khadzhimukan was given a whole four-seater compartment - to accommodate it, he had to connect two lower shelves with a station bench.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The story about the battle of Khadzhimukan with a pack of wolves is also famous.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

As proof of this amazing story, he cited a photograph in which he held six dead wolves, three in his hand.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Thousands of people recorded themselves as witnesses that Khadzhimukan pulled off the steamer leaving the pier with one hand.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

However, many “witnesses” in their lives did not even see a navigable river.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan was a legendary person and had fantastic popularity among the people.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Like any other famous figure, there were all sorts of tales around him, to the point that some print media claimed his ability to tie a whole rail around his neck with a “tie”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

And the standard piece of rail at that time weighed 295 kilograms and only to bend it around the artist's neck required several dozen assistants [4].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Also, many witnessed how Khadzhimukan, at the age of 75, lifted a stone weighing 350 kg, and this stone has survived to this day.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Family and descendants


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan was a polygamist, was married to four women and had 4 sons (Khaliolla, Gabdolla, Aydarkhan, Zhanadil) and 3 daughters (Sofia, Asia and Rashida).


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

His first wife was circus artist Nadezhda Chepkovskaya, who after marriage converted to Islam and took the Muslim name Batima (Fatima).


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

They met in 1909 in Riga, and got married in Omsk.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan had a son, Khaliolla, from her.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

When Khadzhimukan took his second wife, Batima went to live with Gabdolla, whom she and Khadzhimukan adopted from an orphanage.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

She died in the arms of her granddaughter Razia (daughter of Khaliolla) in 1966 in the village of Redkoe, Nazyvaevsky District, Omsk Region, where the descendants of Khadzhimukan live to this day [7] [13].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1925, he married Yrysty Tynybayevna, with whom he had three daughters (Sofia, Asia and Rashida), in 1938 to Munaim, and in 1946 to Aishagul [13].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Munaim gave birth to him a son, Aidarkhan, and his last wife, who was 30 years younger than him, gave birth to him a son Zhanadil when he was 77 years old.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhymukan's son, Zhanabil Kazhymukanov Khadzhimukanovich, was an honored wrestling coach of Kazakhstan.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The adopted son of Khadzhimukan Gabdall, Russian by nationality, was an educated person and served as prosecutor first in Omsk, and then in Ukraine, where he participated in the fight against Bandera, from whose hands died [13].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In 1996, it turned out that Khadzhimukan allegedly had children in France from his “French wife”, but Kazakh descendants did not respond to the invitation from the “French”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan's grandson, Shattyk Kazhymukanov, is an international master of sports in karate-do, and in 2002 he became the silver medalist of the Asian Games [14].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Another grandson, Bakhytzhan Khadzhimukhanov, is a famous composer, winner of the Asia Dauysy and Zhas Kanat awards.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Physical characteristics


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan was really strong, heroic build: height 195 cm, weight 139 kg (in 1946 he weighed 174 kg), hip circumference 71 cm, biceps 47 cm, neck circumference 56 cm, shoe size 54 ( the data are given by Professor Z. Konratbayev) [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan had extraordinary power, as evidenced by the following case:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Once in Zhmerynka, wrestlers were asked to drag the safe.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Seeing that his friends are not doing this job well, he uses ropes to put a block of iron on his back and goes up with it to the second floor.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Those present could not say a word.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

They knew that the safe weighed 450 kg [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Aliases


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The pseudonym “Yamagata Mukhanura” was given to Khadzhimukan Ivan Lebedev, who wanted to attract the audience to the performances of the Kazakh wrestler.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

It was rumored that Mukhanura was a “formidable samurai” and “bodyguard of the Japanese Emperor” [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan received the nickname “Black Ivan” due to the fact that he played for the Ivanov Four together with Ivan Poddubny, Ivan Zaikin and Ivan Shemyakin [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Hadjimukan was given the pseudonym “Kara-Mustafa” (“Black Mustafa”) on the eve of his performances in Turkey, instead of the “Japanese” nickname incomprehensible to the Turks.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan, who defeated the famous Turkish wrestler and master of oil wrestling Nurullah, liked the ruler of Istanbul Shakir Pasha during his performance, who found out his Muslim origin mysterious “Russian”.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He offers Khadzhimukan to make a Hajj with him to Mecca and he does not hesitate to agree to this offer.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

After the pilgrimage, Khadzhimukan (then Mukan) received the prefix “Haji” (“Pilgrim”) to his name and since then is best known as “Haji-Mukan”, which he first performed in 1912 in Saratov [6].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Honors


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan performed in 24 [5] countries around the world [comment 6] and won a total of 48 different medals, not counting awards won before 1910, which burned down in the fire of the Turtsi Circus in Chelyabinsk.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

However, none of the awards were preserved by the four wives and nine children of the famous wrestler — being a generous person, Khadzhimukan easily parted with his awards.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He left almost half of his medals to the famous wrestler Weyland-Schulz when he learned about his father's death in Riga and urgently needed money to return home [15].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan awards include:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The Order of the Lion and the Sun was awarded to him by the Persian padishah in 1910 for defeating Persian champion Mashrut.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Order of Welfare of Manchuria — for defeating Japanese champion Sarakiki Jindofu [15].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

“Batyr of the Kazakh People” is an official honorary title awarded in 1927 by the CEC of Kazakhstan to Kazhymukan Munaitpasov, the first Kazakh to become a world champion in wrestling.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Taking into account his numerous services to his homeland, in 1945 Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor [5].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

memento


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

In the early 1980s, a museum dedicated to the famous wrestler was opened in the village of Temirlanovka (SKR).


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

For many years, this museum huddled in one room, but after independence, the authorities allocate money for the construction of a separate building for a museum in the form of a tent and solemnly open it in honor of The 130th anniversary of the birth of the eminent paluan.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

As part of this holiday, wrestling competitions were held between Kazakh, Uzbek and Tajik athletes.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The museum contains about five hundred exhibits: personal belongings of Khadzhimukan, his awards, documentary newsreels and photographs [15] [16].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

A street and a sports boarding school in Almaty bear the name of Munaitpasov; one of the streets in Astana and the central stadium of Astana are named in his honor [17], next to which it was opened on June 15, 2005 a football square and the central stadium of Shymkent, next to which there is a monument to the wrestler.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The documentary “His Name Was Hadzhi-Mukan” (1978) and the feature film “Know Our Ones!” were shot about him (1985) with the participation of Aleukhan Bekbulatov, Dmitry Zolotukhin, Georgy Martirosyan, Soslan Andiev, Alexey Vanin, Alexander Pankratov-Cherny, Lev Zolotukhin [7].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Khadzhimukan is devoted to Kalmakan Abdukadyrov's book “Kazhymukan” (“Zhalyn”, Almaty, 1981) and Alimkul Burkitbayev's documentary novel “Khadzhi-Mukan” (“Zhalyn”, Almaty, 1983).


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

quotes


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Once the famous Kazakh poet Sultanmakhmut Toraighyrov asked him about the essence of the struggle, to which he replied:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The goal of the fight is not to win or lose.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

It is about standing in the cramped space of the arena and fighting for their happiness in front of thousands of people.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Movement is an external pattern of struggle, and the main content is to prevent difficulties from overcoming themselves.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

The process of learning struggle is in the struggle itself.


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

He also said:


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Human laziness is the worst evil in the world [18].


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

comments


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Notes


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Literature


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Cite journal requires |journal= (help)


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link)


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

References


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category: Russian wrestlers (until 1917)


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category:Wrestlers alphabetically


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category: Kazakhstani wrestlers


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category:Circus performers of the Russian Empire


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category:World champions in Greco-Roman wrestling


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category: Circus performers of the USSR


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category:Circus performers alphabetically


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category: Soviet wrestlers


Question: What was the weight of Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov?

Khadzhimukan Munaitpasov

Category: Burials in Ordabasy District


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Zaporizhstal PJSC is a Ukrainian metallurgical plant in Zaporozhye, one of the city-forming enterprises.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

[1] It is one of the largest metallurgical enterprises in Europe and is part of the Metinvest Group (since 2011).


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2015, “Zaporizhstal” Steel Works produced 3.81 million tons of pig iron, 3.98 million tons of steel, 3.35 million tons of rolled stock.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The company is one of the largest environmental pollutants in Ukraine.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Products


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

YearCast iron, million tonsSteel, million tonsRolled, million tons2009 [4] 2,7313,2762,7492011 [5] 3,0383,8123,1712012 [5] 3,1943,7853,1492014 [6] 3,53,963,382015 [2] 3,8083,9793,3542016 [7] 3,60023,89073,36792017 [8] 3,7953,92643,21422018 [9] 4,38654,10583,5374


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The plant specializes in hot-rolled steel coil and sheet, cold-rolled sheet, coil made of carbon and low-alloy steels, as well as steel strip, black sheet, bent profile.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

“Zaporizhstal” exports its products to more than 50 countries of the world.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Among them are Turkey, Italy, Poland, Russia, Syria, Israel, Bulgaria, Ethiopia, Nigeria.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The Ukrainian market remains the strategic direction of the plant's sales policy.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

History


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The plant is located in the Zavodskoy district.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Its construction began on January 22, 1931 on the basis of the decision of the Supreme Council of the National Economy of the USSR (VSNH) of May 3, 1929 and was aimed at meeting the needs of the rapidly developing machine-building industry with sheet metal.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The plant was designed by the State Institute for the Design of Metallurgical Plants (Gipromez).


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In terms of its scale, the metallurgical plant was supposed to become the largest at that time in Europe, its design capacity was designed for 1.224 million tons of pig iron and 1.430 million tons of high-quality steel.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The metallurgical plant began operating on November 16, 1933 [11], when the first smelting of cast iron was produced at blast furnace No. 1 [12].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

This day is celebrated as Zaporizhstal's birthday.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1935, four open-hearth furnaces were put into operation [13].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1936, after the appeal of workers and engineers, the plant was named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

[14] [15]


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

As of the beginning of 1937, the plant was the largest metallurgical enterprise in the USSR (30 blast furnaces, 5 open-hearth furnaces, 6 furnaces for smelting ferrosilicon, 5 furnaces for ferrochrome smelting, Europe's first sheet rolling mill with continuous rolling of steel sheet, as well as 8,000 electric motors) and work on the expansion of the enterprise continued [16].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1937, slabing was put into operation, and in 1938, continuous broadband hot and cold rolling mills were put into operation [13].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1939, the chamotte shop of Zaporizhstal Steel Works was separated into an independent enterprise — Zaporizhzhya Refractory Plant.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1939, 1604 Polish prisoners were sent to Zaporizhstal to work at Zaporizhstal.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

This experiment failed and was completed after 7 months due to the lack of skills and desire to work among the prisoners [17].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, most of the metallurgical units and auxiliary workshops were already operating at Zaporizhstal.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The main workshops of the plant were blast furnace, open-hearth, hot and cold rolled products.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The share of the plant for the production of main types of products in the country's ferrous metallurgy system was significant, especially in the production of high-quality hot-rolled and cold-rolled sheet steel [18] (in particular, the plant provided 70% of the production of thin cold-rolled sheet for the automotive industry of the USSR) [11].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

After the outbreak of the war, the development of smelting and rolling armor plates began here, but due to the approach of the front line to the city in August 1941, the plant was evacuated to Magnitogorsk [11].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

During transportation, the question arose as to how to transport rolling mill beds and other bulky heavy parts, since there were no powerful conveyors available.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Four-axle platforms were strengthened, but their overload also reached 50%.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Tender bogies of steam locomotives of the FD series were also used.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

To export Zaporizhstal's equipment, 12,435 wagons were required [19].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In September 1941, a partisan detachment was formed from the party of the Zaporizhstal and Koksokhim plants (52 people under the command of I. AND. Kopenkin), who crossed the front line on September 25, 1941 (the detachment operated in the German rear until January 1942, after which all 56 partisans went to the location of the Soviet troops) [20].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In April 1942, an underground organization began its activities in the Ordzhonikidze district of the city, the leaders of which were N. G. Gonchar, L. IN. Weiner, B.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

AND. Zhivenko A. AND. Girya and E.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Ovsyuk, which by July 1943 united several dozen people, mainly workers of Zaporizhstal.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Underground workers printed leaflets, collected weapons and ammunition, staged a number of sabotage and escapes of Soviet prisoners of war.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In order to obtain the right to carry weapons and prevent the destruction of the plant, several underground workers signed up for the factory security.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

On June 28, 1943, due to poor secrecy, 40 underground workers were arrested, and on September 14, 1943, after interrogation and torture, they were shot [21].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

During the evacuation, the middle sheet mill was used for the manufacture of armor plates at the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine, the rest of the plant equipment remained mothballed [11].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

After the liberation of Zaporozhye from German occupation in October 1943, the restoration of the plant began, in which 120 enterprises from all over the USSR participated [22].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1947, the 1st stage of the plant was put into operation, on September 27, 1947, the cold rolling shop produced its first post-war products [11] - the first sheet steel echelons.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1949, the restoration of the plant was completed.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1950, the plant's production of cast iron, steel and rolled products exceeded the pre-war level [11].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1951, a workshop for the production of tinplate in coils was put into operation at the plant.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Since 1955, the plant has been carrying out measures to modernize equipment, intensify production processes in order to significantly increase production at existing facilities.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1959, a workshop for the production of cold-formed profiles was put into operation at Zaporizhstal for the first time in the USSR.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1962, the largest foundry in Europe began operating, producing molds from molten iron of the first melt.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In this workshop, for the first time in the world practice, liquid-mobile self-hardening mixtures used for the manufacture of molds and cores are widely used.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1963, the existing cold rolling shop No. 3 with the unique 2800 mill for cold rolling of large-sized stainless steel sheets was put into operation.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1967, a new 1700 rolling mill, a metal cross-cutting unit and two blocks of bell-type furnaces were put into operation [23].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1974, the first two-bath furnace DSA-1 in Ukraine was put into operation in the open-hearth shop of the plant, the capacity of which was 2.5 times higher than the capacity of a conventional furnace.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1977, the open-hearth shop introduced the technology of casting all melted steel by a non-stop method using slide gates on steel-teeming ladles.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

For the first time in the country, Zaporizhstal has mastered the production of sheets from alloyed and stainless steel grades with a special polished and polished surface finish; carbon steel strip, coated with polymeric materials, as well as the production of consumer goods — sinks and kitchen sets made of stainless steel and other products.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1994, for the first time in the practice of operating broadband rolling mills, the plant introduced on an industrial scale “transit” rolling of slabs without preheating in furnaces.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Today, 95% of slabs are rolled using this technology, and fuel consumption has been reduced from 82.5 to 13.5 kg per ton of rolled products.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The transition to “transit” rolling created the prerequisites for direct rolling of slabs with a length of 10—12 meters and a weight of up to 16 tons.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

New electric motors of the mill finishing group stands with a capacity of 7,000 kW AC each with speed control were installed to replace the obsolete DC motors with a capacity of 5000 kW, which made it possible to ensure high-performance operation of the hot rolling mill, eliminate overloads when rolling small thicknesses, ensure stable rolling of slabs weighing 16 tons, expand the range rolled strips and save energy.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2002, for the first time in the world practice, ABB AC motors with an adjustable speed of 7,000 kW were used in the electric drive of the finishing group of the 1680 mill.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Currently, further reconstruction of the 1680 mill is being carried out to ensure the rolling of hot-rolled strips with a minimum thickness of less than 2.0 mm, which meet the current level of quality indicators for geometric dimensions, surface quality, flatness and mechanical properties.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

To improve the quality of steel, a unique technology for blowing metal with argon-oxygen mixtures protected by a patent of Ukraine has been introduced in the open-hearth shop.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2004, blast furnaces No. 2 and No. 3 were reconstructed.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Both blast furnaces are among the best in the post-Soviet space in terms of their technical equipment.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The furnaces are equipped with automated control systems, modern foundry yards with chute cover and an aspiration system.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

For the first time, DP No. 2 uses shaftless devices with dome burners, which make it possible to increase the hot blast temperature to 1200°C, reduce coke consumption by 7 kg/t of cast iron.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

A station has been built to heat heating gas and combustion air supplied to the stove due to the use of heat from exhaust flue gases, which saves 10 million m³ of natural gas per year.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2006, in cold rolling shop No. 1, the thermal department was reconstructed with the construction of 18 stands of bell furnaces and a hydrogen production station from Ebner, which ensures production of high-quality cold rolled products in the amount of 276 thousand tons per year and natural gas savings in the amount of 2.5 million m³/year.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The design and technological features of high-convective hydrogen furnaces made it possible to ensure a stable production of cold-rolled steel from 08Yu steel in accordance with the requirements of GOST 9045-93 .


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The Danieli longitudinal dissolution unit was put into operation, which ensures the production of competitive products — cold-rolled strip with dense uniform winding, high-quality oiling and by weight of coils according to customer requirements.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The turbo blower with low blast parameters (G = 2600 Nm³/h, P = 1.8 atm) has been replaced with a highly efficient one with high parameters (G = 3250 Nm³/h, P = 3.2 atm), which makes it possible to save heat energy in 6900 tons of standard fuel per year.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2007, the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Ukraine, for failure to implement measures to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, charged Zaporizhstal Steel Works with damage in the amount of 5 million 122 thousand 186 hryvnia.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2007, a new air separation unit with a capacity of 60,000 cubic meters per hour was put into operation, which provides production workshops with oxygen with a purity of 99.5% (against 95-96%) and makes it possible to increase, in comparison with the current situation, the production of: oxygen — by 107.8 million m³/year; nitrogen — by 108.6 m³/year; argon — by 10.0 m³/year; krypton-xenon mixture — by 0.90 million m³/year; completely eliminate controlled oxygen emissions into the atmosphere, which accounted for 14%; ensure savings in electricity and heat.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Work is actively underway in the hot rolling shop for thin sheet.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Strapping machines for hot-rolled coils were installed at coilers 1-3, which made it possible to exclude fluffing and damage to the coils during their transportation along conveyors, to ensure stable rolling on cold rolling mills and reduce metal consumption.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

During the overhaul period, cross-cutting unit No. 2 was reconstructed for cutting coils weighing up to 16 tons.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Intermediate rewinder “coil box”.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

An intermediate rewinding device “coil box” was put into operation for winding the roll into a roll in front of the finishing group, which ensures uniform temperature distribution along the entire length of the strip and specified requirements for the mechanical characteristics of the rolled metal, and also allows you to expand the range of the mill.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Hercules roll grinding machines for profiling the working and backup rolls of the mill and a number of other measures were put into operation.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Work has been completed in the sinter shop and equipment for aspiration of air from the tail parts of the sinter machines has been put into operation.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The new complex of environmental equipment installed in the sinter shop is capable of purifying up to 1.6 million m³ of polluted air per hour, which makes it possible to reduce emissions into the atmosphere by about 2.5 thousand tons of dust per year.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The iron-containing dust captured in electrostatic precipitators is returned to production.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

On August 1, 2016, three workshops of the plant — foundry, mechanical and metal structures workshop — were separated into a separate Zaporizhzhya Foundry and Mechanical Plant.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

On June 1, 2017, four workshops of the plant, a rolling equipment repair shop, two metallurgical equipment repair shops and an electrical equipment repair shop for metallurgical shops were administratively are subordinated to the repair company in St. Mariupol - Metinvest-Promservice LLC.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Ecology


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Progress in the development of the environmental program


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

PJSC “Zaporizhstal” is an enterprise with a full metallurgical cycle and specializes in the production of hot-rolled and cold-rolled sheet, tin.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

These technological processes around the world are associated with the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere, water bodies, and the formation of industrial waste.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

“Zaporizhstal” Steel Works carries out environmental activities in the following areas:


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

improvement of process equipment operation (modernization);


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

commissioning of new, less energy-intensive metallurgical units with mandatory equipping of newly commissioned units with appropriate environmental systems;


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

modernization of existing environmental protection equipment.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

To monitor the impact on the environment, the plant operates the Environmental Protection Department (UEPA) and the Radioisotope Laboratory (RIZL).


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The UEPA constantly monitors the impact of the plant on the state of all components of the environment, sanitary and hygienic control of the state of workplaces.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

RiZL assesses the radiological situation at the plant and monitors radiation.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2000, Zaporizhstal developed and is purposefully implementing a program of technical re-equipment of the main facilities with the maximum introduction of resource-saving technologies.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Among them, a special place is occupied by the introduction of environmental measures.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2007, “Zaporizhstal”, due to the implementation of a number of environmental measures, reduced emissions of harmful substances by almost a thousand tons compared to the previous period, despite the fact that steel production has increased.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

A high result was achieved due to the commissioning of an aspiration unit in the sinter shop.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2001-2007, the Works allocated about four billion hryvnias of its own funds for modernization, technical re-equipment, introduction of energy-saving technologies and construction of environmental facilities.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The Dnieper River is polluted by insufficiently treated industrial effluents.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The quality of effluents after the Zaporizhstal sludge collector (“red water”) does not meet sanitary requirements.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

[26] The impact of the Works on water bodies was characterized in 2008 by a decrease in the discharge of pollutants into water bodies compared to 2007 by 4,975 thousand tons and a decrease in the discharge of return water to the Dnieper for 2.213 million cubic meters.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The plant also implemented a program for the efficient use of recycled water in technological processes and reducing discharge into the reservoir — for this purpose, 11 closed circulating cycles, due to which more than 200 thousand tons/year of iron-containing sludge are captured and returned to production, which is an additional source of raw materials and does not require additional the cost of their burial.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

To reduce environmental pollution, the plant is working and taking measures to improve the operation of technological equipment, equip emission sources and discharges by sewage treatment plants, utilization and use of industrial waste.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

As a result, all environmental indicators are improved.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The current expenses of the metallurgical plant for environmental protection annually exceed 90 million UAH, which makes it possible to effectively operate the environmental facilities of the plant and timely solve current environmental issues.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2008, the metallurgical plant introduced an integrated management system (IMS) for quality, ecology and labor protection.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In October 2008, the plant passed a certification audit and received a certificate of compliance of the IMS quality, ecology and labor protection of the plant with the requirements of international standards ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2004, OHSAS 18001:2007, ILO-OSH 2001, which is a recognition of the effectiveness of the chosen environmental policy, a high level of environmental awareness and production culture.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2010, the company was awarded two diplomas of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine: “For the successful implementation of the environmental management system” — certification of enterprises according to the ISO 14001:2004 system and” For the introduction of scientific and environmental developments”.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2013, a new sinter machine No. 1 was put into operation equipped with two electrostatic precipitators providing dry cleaning of sinter gases.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

It is expected that the commissioning will significantly reduce the technogenic load on the region.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2014, the Works completely reconstructed blast furnace No. 4 (BP-4), the total investment amounted to about UAH 950 million.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The modern high-efficiency dust and gas cleaning system of the blast furnace reduces emissions and provides a dust concentration at the outlet of 20 mg/m³, which complies with international standards.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Also in 2014, the plant commissioned a hydrochloric acid pickling production line (NTA-4) in cold rolling shop No. 1, built in accordance with European environmental standards.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The line was recognized as the best industrial facility following the results of the all-Ukrainian competition of buildings and structures organized by the State Architectural and Construction Inspectorate of Ukraine.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The hydrochloric acid pickling line is a unique industrial facility for Ukraine with full automation of production, which excludes the influence of the human factor on the operation of equipment.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The capacity of NTA-4 is 1.35 million tons of etched metal per year.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

After the launch of the line, emissions of sulfuric acid vapors into the atmosphere at the plant, as well as discharges of industrial water from the cold rolling shop into the Dnieper River, were completely stopped.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Investments in construction amounted to UAH 890 million.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2015, the plant carried out an expanded overhaul with elements of reconstruction of blast furnace No. 2 (DP-2), which resulted in an increase in the environmental reliability of the aspiration system and efficiency of the furnace.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The financing of the overhaul amounted to about UAH 200 million.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Dust removal at DP-2 complies with the European emission standard — up to 20 mg per cubic meter of air.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2015, the company began the final stage of the project for the reconstruction of the sinter plant.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

It is planned to equip all six sinter machines with modern gas cleaning equipment, thanks to which it is expected that emissions from the plant's sinter plant will decrease by 45%.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Total investments in environmental modernization of the sinter plant are expected to exceed UAH 845 million.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Environmental Improvement Program Failures


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The company is one of the largest environmental pollutants in Ukraine.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

PJSC “Zaporizhstal” air pollution


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Despite the difficult situation on the world steel markets, “Zaporizhstal” continues to implement the program of modernization of production.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2011, the enterprise put into operation a pulverized coal injection unit (PCI) into blast furnaces.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

This made it possible to significantly reduce natural gas consumption.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The company continues to modernize production and allocate significant amounts for environmental facilities and measures, planning to move from open-hearth production to converter production, which will significantly reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

According to the results of the visiting meeting of the Regional State Administration held in April 2010, the head of the ZDA Boris Petrov noted that there are claims to the Zaporizhstal Steel Works, which does not fulfill prescribed events.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

At the same time, the head of the region noted that there are no complaints against the employees and management of the plant, but there are claims against the owners who do not have reconstruction plans worth $1.5 billion.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

[39] [40]


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2009, Zaporizhstal assumed obligations, in accordance with a trilateral agreement signed also by representatives of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of Ukraine and Zaporizhzhya of the regional council.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

According to the results of 2015, Zaporizhstal did not fulfill its obligations on treatment facilities at sinter machines No. 3-6. [42] However, during 2016 the works will be completed [43].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Owners and management


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 1997, the plant was transformed into an open joint-stock company.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

At about the same time, the controlling stake in the enterprise was transferred to the management of businessman Vasily Khmelnitsky, who was twice elected People's Deputy of Ukraine (the last time on the list of Yulia Tymoshenko).


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

By the early 2000s, the company was controlled by three groups of shareholders: Midland Recourses, British citizen Alex Schneider and Canadian citizen Eduard Shifrin (both immigrants from the USSR), the company” West-Reserve”, which belongs to Vitaly Satsky, Chairman of the Board of Zaporizhstal, and Igor Dvoretsky, President of Metallurg Football Club, as well as businessmen Andrey Ivanov (until 2006 headed the Supervisory Board of Zaporizhstal) and Vasily Khmelnitsky, who formalized their business into the Kiev Investment Group only in the mid-2000s.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In the summer of 2006, Zaporizhstal shareholders announced an additional issue of shares, as a result of which the shares of minority shareholders of the plant were diluted.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

A little later it became known that Andrei Ivanov and Vasily Khmelnitsky sold their shares in the plant to Midland Recourses and Zapad-Reserve [44].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2010, the Midland Resources Group of Eduard Shifrin and Alex Schneider, which until recently controlled about 50% of the shares of the OJSC, sold about 10% to the Zaporizhzhya group of shareholders, which includes co-owners of Industrialbank Igor Dvoretsky, Vitaly Satsky and Arthur Abdinov [45].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2010 Vnesheconombank, through the Ukrainian Prominvestbank, fully refunded Zaporizhstal OJSC in the amount of about UAH 1 billion, which suggests that the plant has completely switched to financial management of the Russian Vnesheconombank [46].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Unknown Russian investors bought Zaporizhstal shares first from Midland, and then from other co-owners of the plant Igor Dvoretsky and Vitaly Satsky for $1.7 billion.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

This deal was financed by the Russian state-owned Vnesheconombank.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

At the same time, Rinat Akhmetov's company claimed the share of Midland, but a group of offshore companies Atinia Ventures, Parborio Holdings, Belego Holdings, Sileni Trading and Equalchance Processing offered a larger amount, which led to a lawsuit by Akhmetov.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

The lawsuit ended with an agreement providing that Midland agreed to pay Akhmetov $105 million for the failure of the transaction [47].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2011, Metinvest, which is part of Rinat Akhmetov's SCM, bought 50% of Industrial Group, which owns more than 50% of Zaporizhstal, in August 2011. Metinvest has begun replacing the company's top managers [48] [49].


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

In 2015, the form of ownership was changed from an “open joint-stock company” to a “public joint-stock company”.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Directors


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

1934−1937 — Rogachevsky, Isaak Zakharovich [50]


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

1937−1948 — Kuzmin, Anatoly Nikolaevich


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

1948−1956 — Boborykin, Anastasy Lukich


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

1956−1982 — Yupko, Lev Dmitrievich


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

1982−1986 — Gerasimenko, Alexander Alexandrovich


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

1986−2012 — Satsky, Vitaly Antonovich


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

30.07.2012 — Shurma, Rostislav Igorevich [51]


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Honors


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Order of Lenin (1947);


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Order of the October Revolution (1971).


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Notes


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Literature


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

N. IN. Klimenko.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Zaporizhia.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Guidebook.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

2-e izd.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Dnepropetrovsk, 1978.


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

References


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

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Zaporizhstal

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Zaporizhstal

Category:Ferrous metallurgy enterprises of Ukraine


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Category:Enterprises of Zaporozhye


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Category:Metallurgical enterprises of the USSR


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal

Category:Metinvest


Question: When was PJSC “Zaporizhstal” founded?

Zaporizhstal


Question: When did Bet More Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Bet More Than Life (Polish: Stawka większa niż życie) is a Polish adventure series (1967—1968) about the work of Pole Stanislav Kolicki (Janek) as a Polish intelligence officer during the Second world war.


Question: When did Bet More Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

A screen adaptation of Andrzej Zbych's novel of the same name.


Question: When did Bet More Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

A total of 18 episodes were shot, each of which is an independent plot.


Question: When did Bet More Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The series was very popular in the USSR.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Background


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

In 1960, the USSR released the film “Far from the Motherland” based on the novel “And One Warrior in the Field” by Yuri Dold-Mikhailyk.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Vadim Medvedev played the role of Soviet intelligence officer Lieutenant Goncharenko (Baron Heinrich von Goldring).


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

In the early 1960s, director Janusz Morgenstern was asked to adapt the film for Polish television.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

He instructed Andrzej Shipulski and Zbigniev Safyan to write the script, so that the main character was a Pole.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

They began working under a pseudonym in 1964.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Fourteen episodes in black and white were released on TVP from January 1965 to February 1967.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

In the wake of the success of the TV show, an 18-episode television film was released in 1967-1968.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Episodes list


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

I know who you are (Wiem, kim jesteś)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Hotel Excelsior (Hotel Excelsior)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Top secret (Ściśle tajne)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Rose Cafe (Café Rose)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Last Chance (Ostatnia szansa)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Iron Cross (Żelazny Krzyż)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Double nelson (Podwójny nelson)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

On the verge of failure (The Big Failure) (Wielka wsypa)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Colonel Kraft's genius plan (Genialny plan pułkownika Krafta)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

In the name of the Republic (W imieniu Rzeczypospolitej)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Password (Hasło)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Treason (Zdrada)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Without instructions (Bez instruccji)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Edita (Edyta)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Siege (Oblężenie)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Operation Oak Leaf (Akcja “Liść dębu”)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Meeting (Spotkanie)


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Wanted by Poszukiwany Gruppenführer Wolf


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Stories


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

1. “I know who you are”


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

(based on the novel “The Second Birth” [1])


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Former student Stanislav Kolitsky fled a German concentration camp and crossed the former Soviet-Polish border to warn the USSR of an impending German attack.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

At the border, he is immediately detained by border guards and escorted to the Soviet state security bodies.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Kolitsky looks like two drops of water to the captured German chief lieutenant Hans Kloss.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Soviet security officers decide to use Kolitsky and subject Kloss to many hours of interrogations so that Kolitsky could remember how Kloss speaks and holds on.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Kolitsky takes the place of Kloss, he is sent to the deep rear.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

1941 year.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The German command is planning an offensive and, in this regard, sends local youth to work in Germany.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Seeing his radio operator on the street, Kolitsky takes her out of the cordons, but they are noticed by his jealous fiancée Marta.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Thanks to Kolitsky's information, Soviet troops inflict a powerful artillery strike and disrupt the plans of the German command, which understands that among them there is a traitor.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The Gestapo establish surveillance of a married couple suspected of helping the USSR.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The woman hurries to warn radio operators and involuntarily points the Gestapo “tail” at the house where they are hiding.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Kolitsky also comes there, but his warning is too late — the Germans surround the house.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Radio operators die in a shootout.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Marta accidentally saw a girl radio operator enter the house first, and then Kolitsky, and begs the Gestapo Stedke not to shoot at the house.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

He immediately realizes that Kloss is a traitor and invites him to surrender.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

“Kloss” disguises the corpse of the radio operator in its uniform, undermines it with a grenade, and runs through the back door.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The Soviet command decides to take a risk and again places “Kloss” in a cell, from where he, together with his “cellmates”, escapes before the German troops enter the city.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

During interrogation, he is announced, withstands the Gestapo checks and forces Uncle Kloss who arrived to recognize himself.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The Gestapo removes its suspicions.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

2. Excelsior Hotel


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Kloss takes leave on duty, but instead of Thuringia, he has to go to Danzig, where the organizer of the underground network Hagen failed and committed suicide.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The Kloss stays at the Excelsior Hotel and checks out the members of the network one by one.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

They stand up to the test.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

However, the deputy organizer of the network Ingrid Heyzer mysteriously dies before meeting with “Closs”.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

A Polish intelligence officer brings to clean water the culprit of the failure - Lobler, the director of the Excelsior Hotel, who accidentally became aware of the meeting of underground workers.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

But Lobler could not hand over the Gestapo Heyzer, because she had compromising evidence against him, and the liaison officer from the Gestapo turned out to be a malicious drunkard.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

In a duel on the roof of the hotel, the director manages to disarm Kolitsky, but he blinds the scoundrel with a stream of foam from a fire extinguisher, and Lobler falls from the roof.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

3. Top secret


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

(based on the story “Top Secret” [1])


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Erwin Reil, chief engineer of the German arms factory, is trying to persuade the venerable Polish scientist Pulkowski to cooperate.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Pulkovsky is ready to break down, because the Gestapo has his wife.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Kolitsky receives an order from the Center not to allow this in any case.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Reil introduces to the public the Italian magician Rioletto, who is distinguished by enviable insight.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

A security officer tracks down Kazik, Kolitsky's assistant, and pretends to be a German you can trust.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Inexperienced Kazik hurries to the safe house, where Brunner's Gestapo soon announce themselves.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The owner of the turnout manages to throw the flower pot off the windowsill, the absence of which is a sign of failure.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The Gestapo ambush the apartment.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

German official Cannon comes to “Closs” with repentance, from his story Kolitsky guesses that Rioletto is an agent of British intelligence, and in turn arranges him an inspection.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Then Polish underground workers, under the guise of officers of the field gendarmerie checkpoint, beat Pulkowski off (from them he learns that his wife has been dead for two months).


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

A Polish agent under the guise of a postman carries a bomb into the Gestapo mousetrap apartment, the Gestapo die in the explosion, Kazik and the owner of the turnout escape.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

4. Roza Cafe


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

(based on the novel “Cafe Rose” [1])


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Passing through Hungary, “Kloss” is tasked with finding an English agent in the Istanbul consulate of the Third Reich and covering its entire network.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Arriving in Istanbul, Kloss contacts Rosa, a representative of Polish agents and owner of the Rosa brothel.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Acting as an employee of the Ministry of Economy of the Reich, Kloss comes into contact with the staff of the consulate.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

One of them, Witte, with the help of the Greek Christopoulos, is trying to bribe Kloss.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

At a reception at the German consulate, Rosa dies, and “Kloss” hands the key found with her to another agent.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

He reaches out to the representative of the English network, Georgian Prince Mzhavanadze, and asks him to curtail his activity for several months.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

After that, “Kloss” falls into the trap of Witte, but he is saved by the appeared “chief” of the Polish intelligence network - the owner of the Orient hotel, where “Kloss” stayed.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The two of them deal with Witte, dumping him into the water.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

5. Last chance


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

(based on the story “Last Chance” [1])


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

1943 year.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Rocket professor von Henning arrives in town.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

It is supervised by an acquaintance of “Kloss” officer Willy Rupert.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The chief of Polish agents is eager to get information about the missile range and, despite Kolitsky's fears, through agent Adam contacts Rupert, who lost a big card game (in 1937, after losing cards, Rupert gave the Poles a plan “A”).


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Taking advantage of the professor's absence, he photographs documents on his desk, thereby falling into the trap of the Gestapo, arranged by the super-vigilant daughter of Professor Benita von Henning.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Agent Adam leaves, and Agent Anna contacts Rupert instead.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Gestapo Sturmbannfuhrer Lothar interrogates Rupert and releases him.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Kloss gets down to business.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

He invites Benita to his house and drinks her, but the girl notices how he mixes sleeping pills into her glass and takes Kolitsky at gunpoint.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

With the help of Anna, Kolitsky disarms and ties Benita, after which Anna, making up as Benita, penetrates into the professor's house and reshoots the documents.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Seeing Anna on the street, Rupert, with the help of a patrol arrived in time, arrests her.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

The Gestapo releases Anna and puts her under close surveillance.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

She calls the safe house, Kolitsky convinces the chief of the underground to allocate him two militants.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Soldiers deal with bacon and arrange a shootout with the Germans on the street.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Rupert gets a call from an old friend of his father and says he has only one way out.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Rupert drives Anna to safety, and then falls off a cliff in the car.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

Anna and the captive Benita fly away by plane.


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

6. Iron cross


Question: When did Bet Bigger Than Life premiere?

The bet is more than life

(based on the novel “The Iron Cross” [1])