Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The Coburgs, as Charlotte Augusta and Leopold were now called, spent Christmas holidays in the Brighton Pavilion with their noble relatives.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

On January 7, Georg staged a lavish ball to celebrate Charlotte Augusta's 21st birthday, but the Coburgs did not show up, returning to Claremont and preferring a quiet celebration there.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

At the end of April 1817, Leopold informed the Prince Regent that Charlotte Augusta was pregnant again, and that there was every chance that the princess would bring the child to the due date [85].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The princess's pregnancy aroused wide public interest.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Bookmakers began to accept bets on the gender of the child.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Economists have calculated that the birth of a princess will raise the stock market by 2.5%, and the birth of a prince by 6%.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charlotte Augusta spent time alone and posed for long hours for a portrait that Sir Thomas Lawrence was working on [86].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

She ate a lot and was almost immobile, which caused her to gain a lot of excess weight; when her medical team began prenatal care in August 1817, the princess was put on a strict diet, hoping reduce the size of the baby and facilitate childbirth.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Diet and occasional bloodletting seem to have weakened Charlotte Augusta.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Stockmar was amazed by the treatments he considered obsolete and refused to join the medical team, believing that if something went wrong, he would be the one who would be accused, because he was by a foreigner [87].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

By and large, Charlotte Augusta's medical ship was provided by sir; he was not her doctor, but an obstetrician or a male obstetrician, which was fashionable among wealthy Britons [88].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The due date was set for October 19.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

But October was over, and Charlotte Augusta showed no signs of an impending birth.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

On Sunday, November 2, she made a regular trip with her husband, and the next evening the princess began to fight.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Sir Richard offered her exercise and refused to eat; late in the evening of November 3, he sent for noble witnesses who were supposed to be present at the birth and testify to the royal the child's origin.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

November 4 passed and the fifth came: it became clear that Charlotte Augusta could not give birth, and Croft, after consulting with Princess Matthew Bailey's personal doctor, sent for obstetrician John Sims [89].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

However, Croft did not allow Sims to see the patient and refused to use forceps.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

As Alison Plowden wrote in her book, “they could save her and the child, even though in this era — the pre-antiseptic era — there was a very high mortality rate when using medical tools” [90].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

At nine o'clock in the evening on November 5, Charlotte Augusta finally gave birth to a big dead boy.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Attempts to revive him were in vain, and noble observers confirmed that it was a handsome baby, similar to members of the royal family.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

They were sure Charlotte Augusta was doing well and therefore left her.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The exhausted princess calmly took the news that her child was dead, saying that “it was God's will.”


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

She ate after a long abstinence and seemed to be recovering [91].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Leopold, who stayed with his wife during childbirth, apparently took sleeping pills and went to bed [92].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Shortly after midnight, Charlotte Augusta began to vomit a lot and had stomach pain.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Sir Richard was immediately called in, alarmed that his patient was cold to the touch and could hardly breathe, and the princess was bleeding.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

As was customary for postpartum bleeding, the princess was prepared hot compresses, but the blood did not stop.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Croft called Stockmar and asked him to wake him up and bring Leopold.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Stockmar could not wake the prince and went to the princess himself, who grabbed his hand and said to him, “They drank me.”


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Stockmar left the room planning to try to wake Leopold again, but heard Charlotte Augusta's voice calling him “Drains! Drains!” and came back, but Charlotte Augusta was already dead [93].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The consequences


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The death of Charlotte Augusta was perceived as a national tragedy; people mourned as if throughout the UK they had lost a loved child in every home [94].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

All the linen fabric went to mourning clothes; even beggars and homeless people wore mourning bandages.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Stores remained closed for two weeks, as did the Royal Exchange, courts and docks.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

As a sign of respect for the deceased, all brothels were closed on the day of the funeral [95].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The mourning was so complete that the creators of ribbons and other haberdashery that were not supposed to be worn during mourning appealed to the government with a request to shorten the period of mourning, fearing bankruptcy [94].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Particular attention was paid to the poet Percy Bisha Shelley, who, in his Address to the People on the Death of Princess Charlotte, pointed out that three men were executed the day after the princess's death, accused of plotting to overthrow the government, which was a great tragedy [96].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Prince George was so heartbroken that he could not attend the funeral of his only child.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

He refused to notify his wife about the incident, leaving it to Leopold.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Leopold, on the other hand, was in a state of deep sorrow and sent a letter to his mother-in-law very late, when she learned the sad news herself: the courier who delivered the letter from George to the Pope stopped at the house Carolina in Pesaro and reported the death of Charlotte Augusta.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Princess Carolina lost her senses from grief and shock.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

When she regained consciousness, she said: “England, a great country, lost everything by losing my beloved daughter” [97].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Even the Prince of Orange burst into tears when he heard the news, and his wife ordered her ladies to dress in mourning [97].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

However, Prince Leopold mourned the most.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Stockmar wrote many years later: “November showed the collapse of this happy home and the destruction with one blow of all the hopes and happiness of Prince Leopold. He could not regain the feeling of happiness with which his short married life was blessed”; as Thea Holm wrote, “without Charlotte, he was incomplete. It was like he had lost his heart” [98].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Leopold later wrote to Sir Thomas Lawrence: “Two generations are gone. Gone in a moment! I felt it in myself, but I also felt it in the Prince Regent. My Charlotte left the country — the country lost it. She was a good, great woman. No one knew my Charlotte the way I knew her! It was my science, it was my duty to know its character, but it was also my joy!” [99] Leopold remained a widower until 1832, when he became King of Belgium and married Louise Marie of Orleans.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charlotte Augusta was buried with her son (the baby's body was placed at her mother's feet) at Windsor Castle on November 19, 1817.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The monument was erected on her grave with donations from the people.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Shortly after the funeral, public accusations fell on the Queen and Prince Regent for not being present at the birth, although Charlotte Augusta herself had asked for it [99].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The autopsy did not produce convincing results, and many accused Croft for his inept care of the princess.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The Prince Regent did not blame him, but three months after Charlotte Augusta's death and while examining another young woman, Croft grabbed a gun and fatally wounded himself [96].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The “triple obstetric tragedy” — the death of a child, mother and later a doctor — led to significant changes in obstetric and gynecological practice at the time; in particular, obstetricians who advocated medical interventions during childbirth, such as the more liberal use of forceps, have become more popular than those who advocated the natural process of childbirth [100].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The death of Charlotte Augusta left the king without legal grandchildren, and his youngest child at that time was more than forty years old.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Newspapers urged the king's unmarried sons to marry as soon as possible.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

One of these articles caught the eye of George III's fourth son Edward August, Duke of Kent, who was living with his mistress in Brussels at the time.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Edward Augustus immediately broke up with his mistress and proposed to Prince Leopold's sister Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, widow of German Prince Karl Leiningen [101].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Their daughter Alexandrina Victoria, born in 1819, ascended the British throne in 1837 at the age of eighteen [98].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Coat of arms


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charlotte Augusta's own coat of arms is based on the British royal coat of arms of the Hanover dynasty.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The shield is crowned with a crown corresponding to the dignity of the children of the heir to the throne.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The shield holders are burdened with a title (tournament collar) like in a shield: a gold leopard armed with scarlet and crowned with a gold crown [rising lion on the alert] and a silver leopard armed with gold a unicorn topped like a collar with a gold crown, with a chain attached to it [102].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Ladies' shield (rhombic), burdened with a silver title with three teeth, on the middle tooth there is a scarlet rose with a silver core and green leaves.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

The shield is four-part: in the first and fourth parts there are three golden leopards armed with azure in the scarlet field (walking lions on the alert), one above the other [England]; in the second part, scarlet in the golden field, azure armed lion surrounded by a double blooming and anti-blooming inner border [Scotland]; in the third part there is a gold harp with silver strings in an azure field [Ireland]) [103].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

There is a three-part shield on top of the shield: in the first part there are two golden azure-armed leopards [walking lions on the alert], one above the other [Braunschweig]; in the second part, in a golden field sown scarlet hearts, azure, scarlet armed lion [Lüneburg]; in the third part there is a silver running horse in a scarlet field [Westphalia] [104].


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Genealogy


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charlotte Augusta of Wales


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

George II


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

King of Great Britain.8


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales.17


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Carolina Brandenburg-Ansbachsky4.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

George III


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

King of Great Britain.18


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.9


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Augusta of Saxe-Gotha19.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbstskaya2.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

George August Frederick, Prince of Wales.20


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Adolf Friedrich II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitski.10


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Carl Ludwig Friedrich, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitskiy.21


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Christiana Emilia of Schwarzburg-Sondershausenskaya5.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charlotte Mecklenburg-Strelitskaya.22


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Ernst Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen.11


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Elizabeth Albertina of Saxe-Hildburghausenskaya23.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Sofia Albertina Erbach-Erbach1.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charlotte Augusta24.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Ferdinand Albrecht II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.12


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.25


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Antoinette Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.6


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.26


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Frederick Wilhelm I


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

King of Prussia.13


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Philippines Charlotte of Prussian27.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Sophia Dorothea of Hanover3.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Caroline of Brunswick.28


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

George II


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

King of Great Britain (=16) 14.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales (=8) 29.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Carolina of Brandenburg-Ansbach (=17) 7.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Augustus UK30.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (=18) 15.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Augustus of Saxe-Gotha (=9) 31.


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst (=19)


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Notes


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Literature


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

References


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Category:Hanover Dynasty


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Category:Deaths in childbirth


Question: When was Charlotte Augusta of Wales born?

Charlotte Augusta of Wales

Category:Non-ascended Heirs (British Isles)


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The Strange Woman (English: The Strange Woman) is a noir melodrama directed by Edgar G. Ulmer, released in 1946 year.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The film is based on Ben Ames Williams's bestselling novel of the same name, first published in 1941.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The film is set in the 1840s in Bangor, Maine, “a horny and scandalous city in the throes of growing problems.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

A young strong-willed woman Jenny Hager (Hedy Lamarr), thanks to her attractiveness, immorality and ability to manipulate people, “using men for personal pleasure and as steps to wealth” makes its way from the very bottom to the public and business elite of the city [1].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hedy Lamarr not only starred in the film, but was also one of its producers.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Her film partners were George Sanders, Louis Hayward and Gene Lockhart.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The plot


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In 1824, in Bangor, Maine, young Jenny Hager, daughter of city drunkard Tim Hager, played by the river with local boys, including Ephraim Poster, the son of shopkeeper Isaiah Poster (Jean Lockhart).


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Knowing that Ephraim is afraid of water, Jenny first encourages him to jump from the bridge into the river, and then prevents him from getting ashore.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, when Judge Saladain (Alan Napier) drives up to the river in a wheelchair, Jenny pretends to help Ephraim get ashore...


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

It takes sixteen years.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Jenny (Hedy Lamarr) grew up to be a beautiful attractive girl, Isaiah became one of the largest industrialists and merchants in the city, and he sent Ephraim to study in Cambridge.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In the city's port, where Isaiah oversees the unloading of one of his merchant ships, playful Jenny appears, attracting the captain's gaze.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The widower Isaiah also looks at Jenny with interest, and then meets drunk Tim in a tavern and tells him that his daughter goes to the port to communicate with sailors.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Enraged Tim comes home, accusing his daughter of behaving in the same way as her upright tail mother.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

At one time, Tim's wife ran away from him, leaving him with little Jenny, after which he began to drink heavily.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

When Tim attacks Jenny and starts whipping her, she pushes her father away and runs away from home.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Tim chases her, but falls in the doorway and dies on the spot.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Seeing this, Jenny runs into Isaiah's house in horror, who receives her carefully.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

He instructs his housekeeper to wash the girl's wounds, and he looks lustfully at the bare shoulder of the girl with the scar from the beatings.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

When the elders of the city discuss the fate of the unfortunate and disadvantaged Jenny, Isaiah gradually leads them to decide that for the girl's good, she should be married to him.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Overnight, Jenny breaks up with the world of slums, taverns and brothels, in which she grew up, and becomes the richest lady in the city, living in a chic mansion on the most prestigious street.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Shortly after the wedding, Jenny writes a letter to Ephraim, persuading him to return home, and then asks her new best friend, Judge's daughter Meg Saladine (Hillary Brooke), to teach her etiquette and secular manners.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After that, Jenny, using her husband's money, begins to strengthen her authority in society.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

During a regular service at the city church, the parish priest (Moroni Olsen) asks wealthy citizens to donate money for the expansion and improvement of the church, but no one shows such a desire, until Jenny gets up and says she's donating $1,000 to the church.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After other wives follow her example, Jenny's reputation as a virtuous Christian woman is noticeably strengthened.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Jenny begins to actively participate in charitable activities, using her husband's funds, which he is not very happy about.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Returning home, Ephraim (Louis Hayward), who studied to be an architect, has nothing to do in the city, as a result, he begins to drink and walk in hot places.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Isaiah is trying to involve his son in the work of his company and plans to send him to his logging enterprises to study the work of local loggers.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, Ephraim is not interested in this, and Jenny, who has her own views on him, persuades Isaiah to leave her son at home.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Meanwhile, in secret from her husband, Jenny begins to show Ephraim signs of attention and flirt with him, and soon he falls in love with her.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

At this point, Isaiah falls seriously ill, and Jenny, forgetting about everything, takes care of her husband day and night.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Despite the fact that the elderly Isaiah was in quite serious condition, he is still recovering, which causes Jenny a secret hysteria.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In Bangor, where there is no police of their own, loggers who arrive on vacation begin to waste their money by drinking in taverns and having fun in brothels.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Gradually, the drunken antics of loggers increasingly overwhelm the city, leading to mass cases of hooliganism and violation of public order.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

This situation is of great concern to citizens to the point that they are afraid to go out to arrange the funeral of the deceased Judge Saladain.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

John Evered (George Sanders), the manager of one of Poster's logging companies and fiancé of Meg Saladine, comes to the city.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

He quickly manages to pacify the unbridled loggers and restore order in the city.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Seeing John, Jenny instantly becomes addicted to him, and on the same day invites him and Meg to her place for dinner, trying to attract his attention.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, a few days later, John went back to his business.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

When Isaiah decides to go on a trip to his logging, Jenny insists that he takes Ephraim with him.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Before leaving, Jenny secretly meets with Ephraim, making it clear to him that for their happiness, he must arrange the business so that Isaiah dies.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

During the trip, when Isaiah and Ephraim, accompanied by loggers, canoe along the mountain river, Ephraim, who is afraid of the water, gets up in fear, causing the boat to roll over and everyone falls into water.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Ephraim grabs the nearest rescue tank, unintentionally pushing his father away from him, who is carried away by a rapid stream.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In the end, everyone gets ashore, but Isaiah's body can't be found.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

When Ephraim returns to town, Jenny keeps him out of the house, effectively publicly accusing him of Isaiah dying because of Ephraim's cowardice.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Depressed Ephraim begins to drink gradually.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Meanwhile, Jenny takes control of Isaiah's company.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

She holds a meeting of logging managers, at which she appoints John as CEO of the company and transfers him to work in the city.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

John works hard, developing her company and completely forgetting about his fiancée.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Meanwhile, Jenny is enthusiastic with John on business as well as taking care of his lifestyle.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Always drunk Ephraim tries to tell the townspeople the truth about Jenny's deceitful and insidious essence, but no one believes him, as he has lost all respect from the townspeople, and Jenny's moral authority on the contrary is very high.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

When rumors about the accusations emanating from Ephraim reach John, he decides to investigate it personally.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

John finds a hut ten miles from the city where Ephraim lives and listens to his emotional story about how Jenny seduced him and brought him to the idea of murdering his father.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

To provide final clarity, John asks Jenny to meet with Ephriam and prove her innocence in person.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In a severe thunderstorm, the two of them come to Ephraim's hut to talk to him, but find that he hanged himself.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

While John goes to take Ephraim's body out of the loop, Jenny deliberately unties and drives the horses away.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

With no other choice, they stay in the hut for the night, during which Jenny frankly seduces John, and they kiss against the background of a blazing tree that was hit by lightning a moment before.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

John realizes that he is in love with Jenny, but does not know how to tell Meg about it.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, Jenny herself comes to her friend and presents the story in such a way that Meg voluntarily gives her fiancé.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Jenny and John soon get married and start a happy family life.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

John, who came from a large family, dreams of having children, but at a doctor's appointment Jenny finds out that he cannot have children.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

She honestly tells John about this, to which he calmly replies that he will still love her.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Meanwhile, Lincoln Pittridge, a wandering evangelist, arrives in town, who in one of his sermons, Jenny seems to list all her sins, saying that such a strange woman cannot have children and burn its own fire.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Returning home, Jenny tells John that the preacher addressed her personally, and confesses that Ephraim's words about her were true.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After hearing her confession, John leaves home to put his thoughts in order.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The next morning, Jenny in a wheelchair goes looking for him all over the city.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Meanwhile, Meg finds John in a country lodge.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

He tells his ex-bride that after thinking it over, he still loves Jenny and will return to her.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

At this point, Jenny sees them, and in a fit of jealousy points the stroller directly at them.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, at full speed, the stroller hits a stone and falls off the cliff.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Jenny falls down and crashes to her death.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In her last words to John who ran up, she says that she just tried to kill him.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Her last words were, “I wanted so much, I wanted the whole world, in fact, I only wanted you.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Cast


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hedy Lamarr vs. Jenny Hager


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

George Sanders vs. John Evered


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Louis Hayward — Ephraim Poster


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Gene Lockhart — Isaiah Poster


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hillary Brook — Meg Saladine


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Rhys Williams — Deacon Adams


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

June Story — Lena Tempest


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Moroni Olsen — Priest, Father Thatcher


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Olive Blakney — Mrs. Hollis


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Kathleen Lockhart — Mrs. Partridge


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Alan Napier — Judge Henry Saladine


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Dennis Howey vs. Tim Hager


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Filmmakers and leading actors


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hedy Lamarr first attracted attention in the Austrian melodrama Ecstasy (1933), “where she appeared naked” [2].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After moving to Hollywood, she played in crime melodramas and noir films such as Algeria (1938), Crossroads (1942), Conspirators (1944), Risky Experiment (1944) and Lady Without a Passport (1950).


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Among the most popular films with her participation are also the adventure melodrama “The Noisy City” (1940), the romantic comedy “Comrade X” (1940), the musical “Girls of Siegfield” (1941), the melodrama” Come live with me” (1941), romantic comedy “Tortilla Flat Quarter” (1942) [3].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After completing work on Strange Woman, Lamarr decided to maintain her independence, and in collaboration with producers Jack Chertok and Hunt Stromberg, made another crime drama “The Disgraced Lady (1947), which was again distributed by United Artists.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, in 1949, Lamarr gave up her independence and returned to the studio system.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In Cecile de Mille's Samson et Delilah (1949), she played a femme fatale who looked like the sexually promiscuous heroine of the film.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

As noted by film critic Bret Wood, “it seems that Lamarr's attempt to change his screen image was successful” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Producer Jack Chertok was best known as the producer of many short films by Metro Goldwyn-Meyer, the studio's crime radio series Crime Does Not Pay Off (since 1935). and later as a producer of the 182-episode television film “The Lone Ranger” (1949—1955).


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Executive producer Hunt Stromberg also came from Metro Goldwyn-Meyer, his most famous works include all three films of the hugely popular crime comedy about Thin man — “The Thin Man” (1934), “After the Thin Man” (1936) and “The Other Thin Man” (1939) [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The director of the film, “master of category B auteur cinema, Edgar Ulmer was able to stage very few category A films during his long career [5].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In 1930, he became famous for the groundbreaking German film People on Sunday (1930).


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After moving to Hollywood in 1930, Ulmer directed the highly acclaimed horror thrillers Black Cat (1934) and Bluebeard (1944), as well as the noir films Bypass (1945), Strange Illusion (1945), Ruthless” (1948) and “Murder Is My Job” (1955) [6].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Deming, “Hedy Lamarr personally chose Ulmer to direct this high-budget project, which she put together to change her image as a starlet, whose sexual appeal outweighed her acting skills” [5].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

As Wood notes, “the paths of the actress and the director crossed again while working on the costume melodrama Paris in Love (1954)” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

British actor Louis Hayward was very successful as a hero of costume action adventure, playing the role of the Count of Monte Cristo and Captain Blood twice, and once as D'Artagnan, Captain Scirocco and Dick Turpin [7].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

His most successful films were adventure dramas “The Man in the Iron Mask” (1939) and “The Return of Monte Cristo” (1946), “Pirates of Capri” (1949, directed by Ulmer), crime dramas and films noir “Retired Ladies” (1941), “And There Is No One Left” (1945), “Re-Performance” (1947), “Ruthless” (1948) by Ulmer and “House by the River” (1950) by Fritz Lang [8].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

George Sanders, also a British actor, became known for his roles in the thrillers Rebecca (1940) and Foreign Correspondent (1940) by Hitchcock, Man Hunt (1941) and While the City Sleeps (1956) by Fritz Lang, in the fantasy dramas The Portrait of Dorian Gray (1945) and The Ghost and Mrs. Muir (1947), as well as in the noir films The Resident (1944) and Hangover Square (1945) by John Bram, Uncle's Strange Thing Harry” (1945) and “Witness to Murder” (1954) [9].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In 1951, Sanders won an Oscar for his supporting role in Joseph Mankevich's drama All About Eve (1950) [10].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The story of the film


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

As film historian Bret Wood notes, “the driving force that led to the creation of this film was Lamarr, who was looking for ways to get out of control from major Hollywood studios and demonstrate their creative and financial independence.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

To do this, “Lamarr was looking for a more serious role... something dark and mysterious to enhance her image. As she recalled in her autobiography Estase and Me: My Life as Women: “I had producers... and I had money. Plus, I had several companies wanting to distribute “” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to film critic Dennis Schwartz, “for her first project outside Metro Goldwyn-Meyer, Lamarr, once named the most beautiful woman in the world, won the rights to a popular Ben Ames novel Williams” [2].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Wood further points out that “despite the fact that the film's producers Jack Chertok and Hunt Stromberg gave the film significant weight with their participation, the film's budget was modest according to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer standards. “It took a director who knew how to squeeze the maximum quality out of limited resources, and Edgar Ulmer was a specialist in solving such problems” [4]. As Ulmer's daughter Arianna recalled, “when Hunt Stromberg decided to make this film, it was Lamarr who demanded that his father be invited”, whom she had known since their youth in Vienna and later in Berlin, the social circle that has developed around the Max Reinhardt theater troupe” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Ulmer, “a prolific director of category B films, received a rare chance to work with an adequate budget and high-class performers (although he still received his usual low pay from United artists”) [2].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

For Ulmer, who directed a lot of films at the P.R.C. (Producers Releasing Corporation) studio, this film was one of the most expensive, and he performed it in such a way that “economic the limitations of the picture are almost invisible” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Wood notes that “for Lamarr, Jenny Hager's multidimensional role provided an opportunity to demonstrate her acting range.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

As the actress herself noted, “this time, when I was making a picture for myself, I decided to reveal the role the way I always wanted — I went to study a girl of this type in the flesh in her native environment to then play it as she is, revealing the real driving forces of her actions” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Wood writes that “Lamarr was preparing for the role by anonymously traveling to the harbors in the vicinity of Boston.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In her own words, she “disguised herself as best she could in a blonde wig and conservative clothes”, after which she communicated anonymously with the girls from the port for three days and listened to the stories of poor fishermen before heading to Hollywood [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Wood, “in an interview published in 1997, Arianna Ulmer recalled that during the filming of some key episodes, her father, “in order to get Lamarr to play more convincing, It hurts a little while clenching her ankle.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Arianna, “he wanted to evoke emotions in the actress, and the only way to achieve this was to physically influence her.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

She continues: “Sometimes it is said that my father was temperamental — and that's true. But much of what he did was thought out by him in advance. When he couldn't get an actor to overcome himself and open up, one of his tricks was to make him angry. And then somehow the actor's stiffness flew off. That was his nature; that way he could get people to play. This is one of those things that people with real charm can do.” [4]


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Lamarr in his autobiography recalls Ulmer's directorial style in different ways, “assuming that — after plowing for so long in second-rate studios — he was frightened of category A actors.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The actress recalled: “Edgar was a little afraid of me... and at first he was shy to make any adjustments to my game” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In the end, according to Lamarr, “the channel of communication between them opened up, flared up during the filming of the scene of seduction. “I told Edgar, 'I feel like this seduction is done by Hedy Lamarr and not Jenny Hager. '


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

“It is, he said, 'Jenny is immoral... and your approach, Hedy, is too delicate and subtle. Jenny wouldn't be thin. She's going to what she wants, right and fast. Let's try this one. If it's not Hedy Lamarr, be a tigress.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, according to Wood, “no matter how hard Lamarr tried, she was simply not a sexual predator.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

She wrote, “We've been repeating the bedroom scene over and over again with so many roses that I can still play it now, twenty years later, with one take. And it still didn't work. I was simply not a tigress. And all my talent kept me from doing this. Feeling that we were going in the wrong direction, we attracted fresh writers in the middle of filming, and I spent many hours with them trying to rewrite Jenny's character, her personal and moral qualities. And when the budget began to run out, we decided to make the most of what we had at that time” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Promotion and distribution of the film


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Wood writes that in order to promote this film, “Lamarr personally went on a promotional tour. She wrote that there is always something unpleasant on such trips, “no matter how many press agents go with you to protect you. One day in Chicago, after a whole day of promotional activities, I came to my hotel room completely exhausted. I took a shower and left the bathroom to get a bathrobe. I opened the door to the locker, and there was a teenage voyeur standing there. He immediately jumped out the window and disappeared up the fire escape. He was caught and detained. The newspapers were full of it. I didn't press charges because he was so young and to be honest — this has been my secret to this day — he told the press that my body was perfect “[4]. Lamarr concluded that “her personal appearances did little to sweeten the responses to the film. In her book, she quoted a review in Variety, which reads: “Hedy, who is more beautiful than ever, bit off more this time than she can worry... So I had to chew to other actors, and as a result, the script “” turned out to be chewed.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In fact, as Wood notes, “this phrase is not in the Variety review, which was actually quite flattering” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Wood writes: “According to Lamarr (whose memories do not always reflect historical facts), fans were alarmed that the actress played an immoral girl like Jenny.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

“You're so gorgeous and beautiful off the screen. You're my idol. Why don't you play beautiful princesses instead of a drunken port rat?” She quotes another quote: “You should have been satisfied with the role of producer of the film and let some little immoral starlet play Jenny. We love you too much for you to have this reputation” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Despite everything, “the film grossed $2.8 million, becoming one of the most successful films of 1946 — and a rare foray into category A films for Ulmer, who usually worked on films below his level” [11].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Critics' rating of the film


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Overall score of the film


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After its release, the film received restrained reviews from critics, who focused on the game of Hedy Lamarr.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

In particular, the New York Times wrote that “as a study of a single female character against the background of a circle of destroyed male destinies, this film adaptation conveys the stressed moments of Ben's bestselling novel Ames Williams”, presenting “an exposing analysis of a predatory femme fatale. However, it lacks the validity of the actions of some characters, tempo and suspense to make a completely exciting drama.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The newspaper concludes that “like Williams' prose, the film is made professionally, but the exciting moments of the heroine's life are rarely reflected on the screen” [12].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Modern critics give the film more balanced ratings.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

For example, Wood called the film “a costume drama wrapped in the cloak of film noir”, where “Lamarr stars a young woman who claws her way to power”, further noting that “instead of In order to rely on the subtle psychological aspects of the story, the filmmakers opted for melodrama.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Thus, “the culmination scene of seduction takes place during a violent thunderstorm. When Jenny slowly approaches John, lightning hits a neighboring tree, and when it reaches him, the tree is already burning in fire, and she hugs him against the background of thunder, lightning and flame” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Dennis Schwartz defined the film as a “disappointing costume melodrama” and a “pale soap opera”, which nevertheless “should satisfy the numerous fans of Hedy Lamarr” [2].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

David J.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hogan described the film as “a costume melodrama with a decent budget that takes noir to Maine in the middle of the 19th century” [13].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Hogan, “this is a film of strong emotions, a story of selfish love and weak men, told in broad, massive strokes” [14].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Fernando F. Croce notes that “despite his large budget and a more stellar cast for him, the story is no less crazy than Ulmer's hallucinations in his “poor row” films — a scar from beatings on the back of one the character is excited by the libido of another, water sucks people like quicksand, fires and storms materialize as manifestations of a world controlled by contradictory impulses” [15].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Jenny Hager's identity


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Film noir historian Spencer Selby describes Jenny as “an ambitious, predatory woman who destroys several men on her way to the top of society in New England” [16].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Hogan, “Jenny Hager is an unusually complex character with many, often contradictory internal motives” [13].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hogan believes that “Jenny's most pronounced quality is her moral uncertainty. Based on Meadow's script (who reworked Williams' 700-page novel), Jenny is a chameleon who never reveals his true essence. Outwardly, we see a very seductive woman, but the real Jenny strangely mixes honesty and deception, kindness and cruelty, the desire to dominate others and shyness” [14].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Croce notes that the film “accuses Jenny that she is a libertine and a succubus, and “not even a person”, and the preacher in deer skin addresses her as if directly to her with his fiery an accusatory sermon” about a “strange woman””.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

But at the same time, the critic also defends the “noir femme fatale”, “whose manipulating, generous, predatory and vulnerable essence is a complex “strangeness” that threatens to reveal what is under the cover of urban stability” [15].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hedy Lamarr's game


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hogan notes that “after the release of the film, the focus of critics was on Hedy Lamarr's performance in an unusual psychologically difficult role for her, which received mainly positive feedback.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

He writes: “Lamarr is tired of primitive roles and wanted to prove that she is a real actress. And she did it” [13].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

And then: “Modern critics were impressed by Lamarr's performance and gave her what she dreamed of: recognition as an actress. Lamarr and Ulmer made sure that Sanders's powerful acting personality did not dominate the screen, and cameraman Lucien Endrio masterfully showed Lamarr's striking beauty, especially her eyes and face” [11].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Schwartz also noted that Ulmer “repaid Lamarr for her trust by making as many close-ups of her as he could to demonstrate her stellar power” [2].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

After the release of the film, Variety magazine wrote that “Miss Lamarr achieved success as the insidious and two-faced Jenny Hager, giving her character significant realism. Her ability to look like a sensitive, caring angel and show sadistic satisfaction in the midst of violence speaks to the wide range of her talent” [1].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The New York Times noted that “without a doubt, every actress is eager to get her outstanding film, and the lead star Hedy Lamarr has fully realized this desire”, further pointing out that “this dark drama of a charming sinner allows Miss Lamarr to play her most meaningful role in years”, get “a lot of selected lines and a wardrobe that will not remain unnoticed by ladies.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The reviewer further notes that “as a grip, insidious libertine, Hedy Lamarr is beautiful even in a basque and tourniur. Desired, cleverly vicious and passionate woman, she seems to be very easy to charm men.”


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

However, the finale of the film, with “a rather unexpected establishment of her infertility” and with the warning of the wandering evangelist that “the lips of a strange woman exude honey, but her end is bitter like wormwood”, is too lightweight and hasty” [12].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Contemporary film critic Bret Wood notes that Lamarr played her “most meaningful role in this film - the role of an insidious woman playing games with three men while climbing the ladder of success — which proved to all doubters that she was not just a beautiful face, but also knew how to play” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Keene believes that “Lamarr is fascinating as an insidious siren who is ready to do anything for a good life, even if it means destroying those who love her” [17].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Deming, “it is usually believed that Hedy Lamarr played one of her best roles in this film, although her most famous role is still in Ecstasy (1933), largely for a reason very bold nude scenes with her participation for that time” [5].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Comparisons with other works and characters


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The New York Times called Lamarr's heroine “Lilith Among the Loggers” [12], and Dennis Schwartz - “a disgusting selfish monster that Bette Davis could play”.


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The film itself “by highlighting female psychological pathology” reminded Schwartz of the noir melodrama “God Judge Her” (1945, also based on the novel by Williams), although, according to him, this film “does not has the same impact strength” [2].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Hogan noted that “much of Jenny's image is taken directly from Scarlett O'Hara” [14].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Film critic Fernando Croce also described Jenny Hager as “lean Scarlett O'Hara” and, in addition, compared her to Geraldine in Coleridge's poem Christabel (1800) and Lulu from G . IN. Pabst's “Pandora's Box” (1929).


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The film itself, in his opinion, has a thematic and plot resemblance to “Day of Wrath” (1943) by Carl Theodore Dreyer and “Beyond the Forest” (1949) by King Widor with Bette Davis, who “pick up the thread and press the gas” [15].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The film also has a certain resemblance to another Ulmer film, Ruthless (1948), with the difference that there a male character rises from poverty to the heights of wealth and power (his role is played by Zachary Scott).


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Rating other actors


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Variety, “Lamarr's male partners are not so skillful. Louis Hayward depicts the weak son of her first husband Hager, who is eventually driven to suicide by an evil woman, and George Sanders is far from his depths as a shy, provincial a character who becomes Lamarr's second husband” [1].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Wood also cites Variety as saying that “Sanders's indifferent play makes him a weak link that pulls the film back from its overall very successful rating” [4].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

The New York Times notes that “Gene Lockhart, as her first husband, accurately creates the image of a prude and hypocrite who is suspicious and stingy. Louis Hayward's brief role as a son with an unfortunate fate does not give a complete portrait, but he is quite convincing, while George Sanders as manager and good man does, what you can from the character you are playing” [12].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

According to Keene, “Hayward is good as a cowardly scapegoat, but aristocratic Sanders is wrongly taken as a rude logger” [17].


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Notes


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Literature


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

References


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

on the IMDB website


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

on the Allmovie website


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

on the American Film Institute website


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

on the Turner Classic Movies website


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

on Rotten Tomatoes


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

the film is publicly available on YouTube


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Category:Films noir


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Category:Films directed by Edgar G. Ulmer


Question: What year does Strange Woman take place?

Strange Woman (1946 film)

Category: 1946 American films


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov (Azerbaijan: Nəriman Kərbəlayi Nəcəf oğlu Nərimanov; —) - Azerbaijani writer, prominent public and political figure [1], Bolshevik, People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs (1920—1921) and Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Azerbaijan SSR


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Biography


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Early years


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Nariman Narimanov was born in Tiflis to a poor Azerbaijani family, to Kerbalai Najaf and Halima-khanum Haji Mammad Kassym-kyzy Zamanova and was the youngest of nine children [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

It was named after Nariman Allahverdi's great-grandfather, who, according to the Georgian poet of the XIX century G. Orbeliani, was a famous singer in Georgia.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Moreover, the Georgian writer Prince John Bagrationi in his poem “Kalmasoba” puts the name of Nariman Allahverdi next to the name of the famous Armenian poet Sayat-Nova [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The mother of N. Narimanov, as he wrote in his autobiography, really wanted to send him to a Russian school [3], and his father managed, albeit with difficulty, to assign his son to preparatory classes at the Gori Seminary, where classes were conducted in Russian.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The boy, who studied for three years, was assigned to the first year of the Tatar branch of this seminary and, after two years of study, was transferred to the main three-year department [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

in Menglis, he begins his diary by recording his favorite classics of Azerbaijani, Russian and world literature [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

After graduating from N. Narimanov intended to continue his education at the teachers' institute [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

However, two months before the end of the training course, on November 20, 1889, his father died suddenly [2] [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The death of his father greatly affected Nariman, and he, abandoning the desire to continue his education, began to think about his family, because now she was left without any means of livelihood [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov graduated with the title of primary school teacher.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The certificate of graduation from the Transcaucasian Teachers' Seminary noted his excellent behavior, but the success in the subjects was average: either satisfactory or very satisfactory [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

After graduating from the seminary, he was appointed a teacher in the Azerbaijani village of Borchalinsky district of Tiflis province, but he did not work here for long.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At that time, private Russian-Tatar schools began to open in Baku.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Intending to open one of these schools in Baku, N. Narimanov, on the advice of his former seminar inspector, moved to Baku in 1891.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On the recommendation of a number of persons, including the same inspector, he was hired as a teacher of the junior department of the preparatory class at the private Baku pro-gymnasium, opened by State Councilor A. AND. Pobedonostsev.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Here he started teaching Azerbaijani and Russian languages [2] [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The director of the pro-gymnasium spoke positively about Nariman Narimanov to the trustee of the Caucasian educational district, notifying the latter that teacher N. Narimanov “is known to the Directorate as a skillful and conscientious teacher and quite a respectable person” [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov reading room


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov had a plan to create a national public library and reading room.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Together with Sultan Majid Ganizade, Habib-bey Mahmudbekov and others, he began to collect sets of newspapers, as well as works by Nizami, Ferdowsi, Saadi, Hafiz, Fuzuli, Vagif, Bakikhanov, Zakir, M. F. Akhundova, S. A. Shirvani.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

He sent letters to publishing houses, newspaper editorial offices and magazines in various countries, in which he asked for assistance in creating a library.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In response, he began to receive newspapers, magazines and books en masse not only from various parts of the country, but also from abroad [4].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Subsequently, the library also began to receive some publications banned by the tsarist government: the Calcuta magazine Hubl-Ulmatin (Strong Ties), the Ittifak (Soyuz) newspapers from Sofia, Al-Nil ( Nile) — from Cairo, Melamet (Condemnation), Terjumani Hagigat (Translator of Truth), Hezinei Funun (Treasury of Sciences), Maarif (Enlightenment) and Akhbar (Izvestia) — from Istanbul [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov's efforts were crowned with the fact that in 1894 Azerbaijan's first public library-reading room with literature in his native language was opened in Baku, which turned into an educational center for Muslim population of the entire Caucasus [5].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The exact date for the opening of this library is not fully clear.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Researchers attributed it to August 1, 1894.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

This point of view is at least supported by the information of the Baku Police Chief, who in 1897 reported in one of the documents about the availability of a library-reading room of teacher N. Narimanov, which was located in Ganjuntsev's house [6].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In another archival document, for 1895, the opening date of the reading room is January 11 [6].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

According to V. Agasiev, the most trustworthy is N. Narimanov addressed to the chairman of the school commission of the Baku City Duma.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In this petition, speaking about the library, he used the material of one of the feuilletons of the New Review, which announced the opening of a reading room by Nariman Narimanov on April 12 [6].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

According to this feuilleton, the entrance to the reading room was estimated at 2 kopecks, and for the poor it was completely free; from April 12 to October 1, 1894, it was visited by 3,833 people [6].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The first Azerbaijani librarian was Narimanov's closest assistant and pupil, a teacher.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

This library is popularly called “Narimanov Reading Room” [7].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Initially, it was located on Gorchakova Street (later ul. Malygin) in Kerimov's house, and later in Lalaev's house, near the parapet (later the garden. Karl Marx) [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The Narimanov Reading Room was very popular among the population.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The Armenian magazine “Murj” (“Hammer”) wrote: “None of the Armenian libraries has as many readers as this library has. To this number, we must add those mullahs and seids who are embarrassed to visit the library and secretly receive newspapers and magazines from the library in their homes. You need to see with your own eyes how newspapers change hands and wear out from mass consumption” [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The same magazine reported that from April 8 to May 4, 1896, 710 people visited the library, including 200 Russians, 25 Georgians, 135 visiting Muslims, 151 Baku Muslims, 8 Germans, 5 French and 40 Jews [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At the beginning of 1898, the newspaper “Kaspiy” reported:


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Library and reading room in St. Narimanov in 1897 was visited by: Muslims — 8,619, Russians — 6,636, Armenians — 4,881 and other nationalities — 3,715, and a total of 25,849 people, more than 1896 by 4,840.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

There were 326 subscribers to read newspapers, books and magazines, 42 more than the previous year.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In the same year, the library obtained: newspapers of various titles in Russian 12, Persian — 6 and Turkish — 2; monthly magazines in Russian — 4; weekly Russians — 5; Persian — 1 and Turkish — 2.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

These figures indicate the growing need for reading in our country [8].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The clergy opposed the activities of the reading room.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

According to Sheikh-ul-Islam, “the tares are taking root to the detriment of God's providence... Narimanov's library, which is recklessly allowed in Baku, is a threatening hotbed of sacrilege and disobedience...” [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov was accused of corrupting the consciousness of young people, and the library itself was closed by the government on October 5, 1898 “for harmful direction” [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Theatrical activity


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In the 1890s, Narimanov's activities were diverse.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On his initiative, charity performances were held every year in “favor of insufficient students of local educational institutions” [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In this regard, Narimanov wrote several comedies in Azerbaijani [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On January 15, 1895, on the stage of the Tagiyev Theater [9], in Baku, amateur actors first staged his drama “Nadanlig” [2], in which N. Narimanov played the title role of Imran [9].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The audience greeted the production with applause, and he himself was presented with a watch as a gift [9].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

As the Artist magazine wrote (under the heading “Foreign Theater”), “an unprecedented phenomenon was observed in Baku among the Muslim population there” [9].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The following year, an amateur troupe from the Narimanov Reading Room staged Nikolai Gogol's play “The Inspector General” for the first time on the Azerbaijani stage.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov himself translated this comedy into Azerbaijani and acted in the comedy as a townsman [10].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Samad Agha Aghamali oglu wrote in his memoirs:


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The Kaspiy newspaper published a review of the production, in which its author not only noted the “rather successful translation” of the comedy, but also highly appreciated the performance performed by N. Narimanov the role of a townsman [11].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In November of the same year, Makhmudbekov's troupe presented a new play by N. Narimanov “Language trouble” [12].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On February 7, 1899, “The Broken Nest” by A. Akhverdova, where N. Narimanov acted as Najaf-bey, interpreting this image for the first time on the Azerbaijani stage [13].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

After a few years, the jubilee commission, which will be formed on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Azerbaijani theater, will publish the book “A Brief History of the Azerbaijani-Turkic Theater”.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

According to the authors of this book, N. Narimanov is not only the first, but also the best performer of the role of Najaf-bey on the Turkic (Azerbaijani) stage [11].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In the field of press and journalism


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1899, he published a Brief Grammar of the Turkic-Azerbaijani Language in Baku, compiling it on the model of L. Polivanova [14].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

This textbook has long served as a tool for teaching Azerbaijani children the grammar of their native language [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In the same year, his second textbook, “Tutorial of the Russian Language”, was published [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov advocated the purity of the language and sharply criticized those who underestimated their language.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In one of his articles published in the newspaper, he figuratively expressed his love: “Native language! The language in which a sweet creature confesses his love to you! The language, the sonority and pleasantness of which you heard in the form of “bayu-bai”, which is imprinted in the deepest corners of your soul!” [15].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

After the closure of the first Azerbaijani-language newspaper “Akinchi” in 1877, and then successively other printed publications - “Ziya”, “Ziyai-Kavkaziya” and “”, there were practically no newspapers in Azerbaijan for Muslims [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At that time, the only press organ of all Russian Muslims was the Tatar newspaper Tarjuman (Translator), which the Crimean Tatar educator I. Gasprinsky published in Bakhchisarai (Crimea).


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Among those who were published on its pages was N. Narimanov, but this newspaper was not widely distributed among Muslims of Transcaucasia [11].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

From 1894 to 1902, N. Narimanov unsuccessfully tried to organize the publication of newspapers and magazines in their native language.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

So, together with S. M. Ganizade in 1896, he sought the right to publish the children's magazine “Sovgat” (“Gift”), but to no avail [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Also to no avail in 1899-1900, N. Narimanov petitioned the General Directorate for Press Affairs for permission to publish in Azerbaijani with a parallel translation into Russian of the weekly newspaper Taza Khabarlar (Novye Vesti) [3].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The following year, he applied for permission to publish the scientific and pedagogical magazine “Mekteb” (“School”) [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

His activities, however, were not limited to the national press alone.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At the same time, while helping to distribute oriental newspapers such as Hablul-Metin, Terbiet and Naceri, he was their spokesman.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

As the Terbiyet newspaper wrote about him: “The representative of Tarbiet in Baku is Mr. N. Narimanov, head of the reading room. This gentleman is our representative throughout Russia. Anyone in the Caucasus or other regions of Russia can turn to him” [11].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The beginning of political activity


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1902, Narimanov entered the medical faculty of Novorossiysk University.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1903, second-year students staged Turgenev's accusatory comedy “The Bachelor” in a commercial port for sailors and loaders.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The director and main performer is Nariman Narimanov.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

After graduating from Novorossiysk University he worked as a doctor.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1905 he joined the Muslim social democratic organization Hummet.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At the initiative of Hasan-bey Zardabi and Nariman Narimanov, the First Congress of Muslim Teachers was held in Baku in August 1906, at which Narimanov was elected Deputy Chairman of the Zardabi Congress.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Important issues of public education were discussed at the congress.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At Narimanov's suggestion, the congress adopted decisions on the issues of teaching the Azerbaijani language: introducing it as a compulsory subject in schools and increasing the number of lessons per week, equalizing teachers Azerbaijani language teachers in rights with teachers of other subjects, as well as the employment of teachers of the Azerbaijani language and dismissal with the consent of the public.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Some liberal-minded participants in the congress met Narimanov's proposals extremely negatively.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Baku millionaire Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev, who was invited the next day, sharply criticized Narimanov: “Yesterday's decision indicates that the congress is led by short-sighted people like Narimanov. Know who Narimanov is: he does not have a single penny in his pocket, he studies on my account, but here he dares to make revolutionary speeches and misleads us. I ask you to cancel yesterday's decision, as it casts a shadow on the whole nation before the government” [16].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In response to criticism, Narimanov made a vivid statement, greeted with applause from the congress delegates:


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Comrades!


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Among other scholarship holders, St. Tagiyev is also here, but I did not know that Mr. Tagiyev helps poor teachers so that they do not have an opinion.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

If so far g. Tagiyev helped students to live only the opinion of G. Tagiyev, in any case, because of my past, I cannot overshadow the present with shame: to be silent where you need to shout.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

I have not given anyone the right and will not allow me to be silent for the despicable metal, when at the same time they not only speak openly, but shed their blood for liberation from royal oppression.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Before the whole congress, I am happy to refuse the scholarship of St. Tagiyev, to be free from the tyrants of our time and that our descendants do not sell themselves for despicable gold [16].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1906, he translated the RSDLP program into Azerbaijani [17].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At the same time, as the head of the Social Democratic Party “Mujahid”, he sent agitators to Persia.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Nariman Narimanov passed exams for the degree of a doctor at a meeting of the medical testing commission at Novorossiysk University and received a doctor's diploma.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

the progressive intelligentsia of Baku hosted a solemn reception in connection with the graduation of Narimanov University and his return to Baku [18].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In November, Narimanov joined the Baku City Hospital as a doctor.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At the end of the month, he makes a report “Hasan bey Zardabi and Theater” at the Russian-Tatar women's school [19].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On March 1, 1909, Narimanov was arrested and imprisoned in Metekhi Prison Castle.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

His arrest caused a wide public outcry.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Various newspapers — Baku on August 30, Transcaucasia on September 3, Tarakki on October 17 and others — reported on Narimanov's arrest, published requests and petitions for his release, including a petition for Narimanov's release to the State Duma.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Poet Ali Nazmi, in his satirical poem “I'm afraid”, protested against Narimanov's arrest [20].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In August, Nariman Narimanov was deported to Astrakhan Krai for a period of 5 years.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1911, a politically exiled Dr. Narimanov assisted Mechnikov in investigating plague foci in the depths of the Kyrgyz steppe.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1912, Narimanov was elected chairman of the Council of the Society of People's Universities in Astrakhan.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

While in Astrakhan, Narimanov was actively engaged in cultural and educational work.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Baku newspapers reported the following:


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov gets a position as a doctor at a temporary hospital in the Black City.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov was appointed head of the department of the 9th district hospital.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

he is appointed as a trusted physician of Rossiya Insurance Company in Baku.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Nariman Narimanov was transferred to the post of head of the 8th hospital, where he worked before and was released due to his approval by the commissar of municipal economy of the Baku Council of People's Commissars [21].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In December 1916, Narimanov was elected to the board of the People's House, the legal center of the Baku Bolshevik Party Organization.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In March 1917 he became a member of the Baku Committee of the RSDLP (b).


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Since July 3, the Hummet newspaper, edited by Narimanov, began to be published in Azerbaijani [22].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

He meets daily with workers of oil fields and plants, gives lectures and reports on the following topics: “The Russian Revolution and its Gradual Progress”, “Political Parties and Their Programs”, “Our View on Russian revolution”, etc.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In March 1918, Narimanov was a member of the Revolutionary Defense Committee of Baku.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In late March-early April, the Baku Council, with the support of the armed detachments of the Armenian Dashnaktsutyun Party, established its power in Baku as a result of bloody events.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In those days, Narimanov's apartment was attacked by Dashnaks, and he and his family were able to escape thanks to S. Shahumyan.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Nariman Narimanov recalled:


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Finally, a Muslim deputy comes to me and asks me to stop the war, recognizing myself defeated.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

I'm calling Comrade Japaridze right now.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

He promises to send deputies.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At this time, the Dashnaks are attacking my apartment.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

I'm in hiding.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

They're taking my brother away.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

An hour later, Comrade Shahumyan and my family save me from the Dashnaks, “defenders of Soviet power”.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

After that, for three days, there was a nightmarish revelry of the brutalized Dashnaks around the city of Baku.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

As a result, a lot of Muslim women with children were captured by the Dashnaks, that is, by the “defenders of Soviet power...”... But why was it necessary to continue doing it after this nightmare story counties.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

This is the question that the Soviet authorities of 1918 in Baku must answer.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

All this made me talk about not appointing Armenian comrades to a prominent post at first [23].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov took a sharply negative attitude towards the incident.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In his letter to S. Shahumyan, published in the Hummmet newspaper immediately after the March events, he wrote with indignation that “these events tarnished the Soviet government, casting a black shadow on it. If you do not dispel this shadow in the near future and erase this stain, the Bolshevik idea and Soviet power cannot strengthen and hold out here” [24].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In a letter to V. Lenin N. Narimanov emphasized that “the civil war in Baku and its districts dealt a fatal blow to our common holy cause” [24].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In April-June, Narimanov was Commissioner of Municipal Economy of the Baku Council of People's Commissars [25], and later was the Commissioner for Public Education in the Astrakhan Province [5].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

In 1919, at the suggestion of Lenin, Narimanov was appointed head of the Middle East department of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs [26].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs IN. Chicherin wrote in a note dated August 3, 1919: “Having met T. Narimanov, I was immediately convinced that he was an excellent leader of party propaganda and agitation among Muslims in Russia and the Middle East” [27].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Activities in Azerbaijan


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On the night of April 27-28, 1920, an armed uprising of workers and communists began in Baku.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

At the same time, units of the XI Red Army crossed the border.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

During the fleeting operation, the Musavat government was overthrown, and Soviet power was restored in Azerbaijan.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

By a resolution of the Central Committee of the AKP (b), the Provisional Military Revolutionary Committee of Azerbaijan (Azrevkom) headed by Narimanov was established, and on May 16, he arrived at the Baku railway station by a special train.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On the pages of newspapers, “Hosh gyaldin” (“Welcome”) was written in large print [2].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

Narimanov, who arrived in Baku, was already called by the body of the AzKP “Communist” as “the leader of the Muslim Soviet Socialist Republic”.


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

The newspaper wished him “to live and work for many years to come to liberate hundreds of millions of slaves of the Muslim East from the yoke of the predatory bourgeoisie” [28].


Question: Was Nariman Kerbalai Najaf ogly Narimanov an atheist?

Nariman Kerbalai Najaf oglu Narimanov

On the same day, he holds the post of chairman of the Provisional Military Revolutionary Committee of Azerbaijan [25].