Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The series premiered on October 10, 2012 and will air during the 2012-13 television season [51], and will air on Wednesdays at 8:00pm ET and 7 pm central time on CW.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[52] The series also launched in Canada on the same day [53].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Strela will start internationally on October 22, 2012, in Britain [54], Ireland [54] and Australia [55].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Criticism


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The first season of the series received positive reviews from critics, scoring 73 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 25 reviews, making it the most successful broadcast of The CW between 2007 and 2012.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[56] [57] [58] Critical site Rotten Tomatoes gave the season 86% freshness based on 35 reviews.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

A comment for the season reads: “The CW is aiming right on target with its Arrow, a comic-inspired series that benefits from a cinematic sequence of actions and intriguing characters.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Mary McNamara of the Los Angeles Times called the premiere of the series “a good start with quality content”, and Amella “the perfect poster boy” [60].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Brian Lowery of Variety called the series “beautiful, but copying new Batman movies” [61].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Alistair Wilkins of The A.V. Club gave the series a B+ rating in his review of the first season finale, saying: “The series still has room to grow, but sometimes there were outstanding stories.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Entertainment Weekly's Jeff Jensen rated the first half of the second season a B+ rating, noting: “The series certainly has a certain idea that slips through the staged virtues, inspired by the TV budget, and this idea is not too erased yet. The description is adult and witty, the action is exciting, and Amell holds the position of well-maintained ease.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[63] Carrie Raisler of The A.V. Club gave an A- rating for the first half of the second season.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

She added, “The Arrow has officially [established itself] on television as one of the satisfying shows. Much of this satisfactoriness in this case comes from respecting the characters... [Respect] Arrow comic book characters is rooted in comprehensive storylines, while being used soap operas to reveal a heavy character.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Ratings


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The premiere of “Arrow” was watched by 4.14 million viewers, making it the most popular TV program in the period up to three years before the premiere and the most popular premiere since the release of the pilot episode of Diaries Vampire” in 2009 (in 2014, both of these achievements surpassed the premiere of the premiere of the Arrows spin-off, the television series The Flash).


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The second episode of “Arrow” was the only episode of all episodes of the drama series to hold out among the ratings in the age ranges from 18 to 49 and from 18 to 34 from the premiere of the episode to the second week of the show [40].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In Australia, the premiere was watched by 1.68 million viewers, placing it third among television series watched that night [65].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The British premiere of the series turned out to be the highest rated TV show on Sky 1, with 1.85 million viewers [66].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The Canadian premiere of the first episode of the series ranked fourth among screenings that night (with 1.32 million viewers) and number 23 that week.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Honors


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

DVD Edition


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Other media


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Digital comics


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In 2012, in order to promote the television series and to be shown at San Diego Comic-Con, DC Comics released a trial 10-page comic strip Arrow, written by Chrysberg and artist Omar Francia, and the cover is by Mike Grell.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The comic book creators defined the events of the comic book as taking place in the same continuity as the events of the television series, and Chrysberg commented: “[Say] anyone who bought a copy: keep it handy, as the comic will become more valuable as the TV series progresses.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[116] The comic has been released online and is available for download.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

117] On October 10, 2012, the weekly digital comic of the same name was launched, written by Chrysberg and Guggenheim, and illustrated by various artists, including Mike Grell.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Like the trial comic, this series describes events that take place in the continuity of the television series.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[118] The series ran until June 2013, with a total of 36 episodes of the comic.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

At the end of the series, all episodes, including a trial for the comic con, were compiled into a single volume of English: Arrow: Volume 1, which was released in October 2013.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[119] [120] The British magazine Titan Magazines published the comic on its pages and published the first issue on October 17, 2013 in the UK.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[119] [121]


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The next series of digital comics about Arrow was titled “Arrow: Season 2.5” (English: Arrow: Season 2.5) and was written by Guggenheim and Keto Shimizu, screenwriter and plot writer of the series, and the artists are Joe Bennett and Joe Jedson.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The series was produced to tell a single story.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

divided into two arches, and the events of which are narrated in a similar way to the events of the series.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Guggenheim said: “We will try to use all the elements that people are used to seeing in the series... The comic will tell about what happened in Detective Lance after he lost consciousness due to injuries in the final of the [second] season. Answers to a significant number of pressing questions can be found in this comic book related to the television series. We'll start introducing, especially in the second part of the comic book series, the characters you'll see when you watch season three... before they appear on the show.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[122] When asked how else the comic is related to the third season of the television series, Guggenheim replied: “The third season was developed separately from the comic, so you won't need to read the comic to understand where and what and how. However, the comic provides a deeper understanding of some points of the television series and a more complete description of events. If you want to delve deeper into the history of events, that's what Arrow 2.5 is for.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Shimizu added that by publishing a comic, they achieve what they cannot achieve in the production of episodes of the television series due to a busy schedule and limited budget: a more explicit consistency events, visits to a large number of places, including Kandak (English: Kahndaq).


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In addition, each episode of the comic has one or two pages dedicated to Suicide Squad.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[123] Caleb Green, a character associated with Robert Queen, will be created especially for the comic.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[124] Guggenheim also added: “The whole purpose of the Arrow 2.5 comic is that its last page tells about an event that took place just five minutes before the events of the first episode of the third season.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[125] The comic began to be released biweekly in digital format on September 1, 2014, and was released in paper form on October 8, 2014, a collection of digital issues.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[122] A total of 24 issues should be released, which will be collected for 12 issues in paper form.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The third comic book series related to the Arrow Universe is Arrow: The Dark Archer, written by John Barrowman (playing the role of Malcolm Merlin/Dark Archer) and his sister Carol, and the artists are a team led by Daniel Samper.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The plot of the series tells the story of young Malcolm Merlin, how he studied at Nanda Parbat and Court Maltez.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Initially, Barrowman proposed the story as an alternative way to tell about Merlin: “I had my own ideas about Malcolm's prehistory from the very beginning, and many of them later embodied in screen. I think that was my job — to let the audience touch Malcolm in a way, despite his dubious principles and villain path.”


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The series's executive producers Mark Guggenheim and Andrew Chrysberg helped Barrowman correlate the events of the comic book with the main chronology of the Arrow Universe.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

A total of 12 issues were planned for release, which were released every two weeks, after which they were collected under one cover [126].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Miniseries


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

On November 6, 2013, a mini-series consisting of six short episodes (just over a minute each episode) was released and called English: Blood Rush.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[K.1] For the first time, each episode was aired along with the series broadcast on The CW, and was also available online.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Each episode was sponsored by Bose, an audiolectronics company, and the episodes contain product placement of Bose products.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The miniseries were shot in Vancouver, as were episodes of the main series.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The episodes feature Emily Bette Rickards, Colton Haynes and Paul Blackthorne, returning to their roles as Felicity Smoke, Roy Harper, and Officer Quentin Lance, respectively.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The miniseries shows Roy, who came to Queen Consolidated to meet Oliver.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Since Oliver is not there, Felicity asks Roy to wait in the hall.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[128] Meanwhile, Felicity calls Officer Quentin Lance and says that the blood sample found on the vigilante and which Felicity destroyed is again in the case.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Felicity calls Roy using a voice-distorting device that Oliver uses, asks Roy to break into the laboratory and replace the sample.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[129] Felicity shows Roy the way to the laboratory, where he was able to replace the sample.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

When Roy is about to leave, employees enter the laboratory and Roy is trapped, hiding behind the shelves.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[130] Roy tells Felicity that she cannot leave, and she breaks into the security system, resulting in an alarm and evacuation signal, giving Roy a chance to escape.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[131] Roy leaves the laboratory, he is noticed by two guards, he runs away from them, because Felicity blocked some doors after Roy ran through them.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

[132] Roy returns to Queen Consolidated, and Felicity offers to mail the sample, as Roy came to meet Oliver.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Comments:


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Video games


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In the 2013 game Injustice: Gods Among Us, a skin based on the image of the Arrow from the television series is available for the Green Arrow character.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Initially, it could only be used by the first 5,000 Battle Arena participants, but later by any player.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Especially for creating the skin, Stephen Amell provided his appearance and voice [134].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

For the game Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham, you can download a package of add-ons called Arrow.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Those who do this get the opportunity to play as Arrow characters, including Arrow, John Diggle, Felicity Smoke, The Huntress, Slade Wilson, Roy Harper, The Canary, and Malcolm Merlin.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

They also have access to a new level, where the player controls Oliver Queen, who has not yet left Lian Yu Island.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Stephen Amell and Cynthia Addal-Robinson returned to their roles as Oliver Queen/Arrow and Amanda Waller, respectively [135] [136].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Books


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

On April 23, 2016, Titan Books published a novel by Oscar Balderrama and Lauren Certo Arrow: Vengeance (‹See Tfd› (in Turkish)), the plot of which complements the events of the second season of the series.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

It details the stories of Slade Wilson, Sebastian Blood, and Isabel Roshev, and reveals the circumstances under which the three met and united against Oliver Queen and his alter -ego, arrows [137].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The same publishing house later published two more books.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The first, authored by Susan and Clay Griffith, was released on November 29, 2016 and was called The Flash: The Haunting of Barry Allen (‹See Tfd› (in Turkish)).


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Its plot is related to the events of the second season of “The Flash” and the fourth season of “Arrow”, and features characters from both shows [138].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The story continued in the novel Arrow: A Generation of Vipers (‹See Tfd› (in Turkish)), also written by the Griffiths and published on March 29, 2017 [139].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Crossover with Konstantin


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In May 2015, Stephen Amell revealed that DC Entertainment was negotiating with him in connection with the intention to introduce Oliver Queen's character into Constantine; Matt Ryan's character is an expert based on Lazarus Pits, a concept already used in the series “Arrow” [140].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In August 2015, it was announced that Constantine (Matt Ryan) of the NBC series of the same name would appear in the fourth season of Arrow, in the episode “Hunted”, and would become a “one-time ally” to get rid of the consequences of the resurrection of Sarah Lance (Katie Lotz) in the Lazarus Pit of Ras al Ghul” [141] [142] [143].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Since both series were filmed in the same studio, the creators were able to use props from the filming of Konstantin.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The director of the episodes of the series, David Bedham, took the director's chair on the set of the Hunted episode [142].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Guggenheim admitted that everyone had the feeling that they were “creating a full-fledged crossover between Constantine and Strela,” it was so exciting... that we're really happy we got a chance to see Matt Ryan as Constantine at least one more time. In my opinion, you'll immediately notice how well it fits into our universe. He does not feel constrained, he feels great” [144].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In August 2016, when asked why Constantine did not return to Arrow or any other series in the same fictional universe, despite positive reviews from critics, Berlanti replied as follows: “Constantine exists in his own particular world of the DC universe” and, according to the producer, DC has already “explored the possible development of the character in the future” [145].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The Extended Universe


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In July 2013, it was announced that Greg Berlanti, Andrew Chrisberg, David Nutter and Jeff Jones had begun developing the television series The Flash, the main character of which would be the superhero of the same name, also known like Barry Allen [146].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The role of Allen went to Grant Gustin, and this character was originally supposed to appear in three episodes of the second season of Arrows, with the third of which was to be a built-in pilot episode new series [147].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

However, in November of the same year, it was reported that the creators abandoned the built-in pilot [148] and instead shot a series in which other characters of the upcoming project appeared - Cisco Ramon and Caitlin Snow.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In January 2015, The CW President Mark Pedovitz announced his intention to launch annual crossovers between the series “Arrow” and “The Flash” every season (four such crossovers have already been shot so far —” Flash vs Arrow”, “Heroes Unite”, “Invasion!” and “Crisis on Earth-X”.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

It also became known that within the same universe, The CW Seed will release an animated web series Vixen, which will feature the characters “Arrows” and “The Flash” [150].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The main character, Vixen, later appeared in the Hostage series performed by Megalin Echikanwoke, who voiced the character for Vixen.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The following month, it was announced that they would shoot a series about a team of superheroes, which was scheduled to be released in the middle of the 2015-16 season. The executive producers of the new project are Berlanti, Chrysberg, as well as Mark Guggenheim and Sarah Shechter.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The main characters of the new show were to be various characters from “Arrow” and “Flash” [151] [152].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In May 2015, it was discovered that the series had been put into production and was called “Legends of Tomorrow” [153].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

In August 2016, Greg Berlanti and Mark Guggenheim announced that they were working with Blue Ribbon Content to release a new animation project called Freedom Fighters: The Ray about the reporter Raymond Terril, who gained the superpower to control light waves.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

The idea for the series came from the impression of Grant Morrison's comic book series called [154].


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Notes


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

References


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

‹See Tfd› (in English)


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:2010s US television series


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category: American television series launched in 2012


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:The CW TV programs


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:American drama television series


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:American action television series


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:American adventure television series


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:Warner Bros.


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Television


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:Green Arrow


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:English-language television series


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:American science fiction television series


Question: Where was the Arrow in the US filmed?

Arrow (tv series)

Category:Arrow (TV series)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The federal highway P504 Kolyma (former index - M56) is an operating federal highway between Yakutsk and Magadan with a length of 2,032 km [1], of which 1,197 km are laid along the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 835 in the Magadan Region.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The road also has a historical name — the Kolyma highway, under which it is known in literature and the media (some authors use the synonym Kolyma Trakt) [2].


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Route


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Currently, Kolyma is one of the key roads in the Russian Far East.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

It connects Yakutia and Magadan Oblast, is the only road core of the eastern part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the western and central parts of the Magadan Region, provides access to Pacific coast.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The road begins in the village of Nizhny Bestyakh, where it adjoins the Lena federal highway, passes through the settlements of Tyungyulyu, Churapcha, Ytyk-Kyyuol, Khandyga, Ust-Nera, Artyk, Kadykchan, Susuman, Yagodnoye, Debin, Orotukan, Myakit, Atka, Tent and ends in Magadan.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The Kolyma highway has two historical branches — alternative routes.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

One of them is mostly on the territory of Yakutia (Kyubeme — Tomtor — Kuranakh-Sala — Kadykchan) (“Yuzhnaya”, “Oymyakonskaya” road); is a historical Kolyma tract, as it was built significantly earlier than the existing road, but is now becoming more and more abandoned.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The second on the territory of the Magadan Region is the Tenkinskaya Road (Severnaya) (Palatka — Ust-Omchug — Omchak — Bolshevik).


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

History


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

In connection with the development of the mining industry in the 1920s, the Soviet state began to create a network of local roads in Yakutia and Kolyma.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

In November 1931, Dalstroy was created - the State Trust for Industrial and Road Construction in the Verkhnyaya Kolyma Area, one of the tasks of which was to build a highway from Magadan to Ust-Nera and branches to Yakutsk using the labor of prisoners of Sevvostlag.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

In the summer of 1932, prisoners and freelance specialists put into operation the first 30 km of the road and 90 km of the winter road.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The remaining 1,042 km to Ust-Nera were built until 1953.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

At the end of 1941, work began on the Khandyga Highway, leading to Yakutsk through the village of Khandyga.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

On July 11, 2003, the Kolyma highway became 13 km longer.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

It was extended to the post office building in the center of Yakutsk.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

On October 25, 2008, after repair work in the Oymyakonsky District of Yakutia, the construction of a number of bridges, the road was officially opened for year-round traffic along the entire length [3].


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

In 2012, construction began on the extension of the Kolyma highway to the easternmost city of Russia Anadyr — the Kolyma-Omsukchan — Omolon-Anadyr section.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Road condition


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The pavement on most of the road is dirt and gravel.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

According to eyewitnesses, the condition of the road is relatively normal and can be overcome by car in the summer.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Year-round travel is possible along almost the entire length of the highway.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

However, as long as there is no very important link - the bridge across Aldan in the Khandyga area, during the off-season, through traffic on the road is impossible.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

“Kolyma Highway” in works of art


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Anton Krotov “Forward to Magadan!” , (1996)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The song “Kolyma highway” (Poems by O. Volin, music by B. Tikhonova)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Nikolay Zimin — novel “Highway, Kolyma Highway” (2006)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Lebedev, Yuri Anatolyevich — author's song “Kolyma Highway” (2010)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Vladimir Vysotsky — “My friend went to Magadan”


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Varlam Shalamov — “Tie” (from the series “Kolyma Stories”)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Film “Sentenced”, Mosfilm, 1989 (directed by A. S. Cordon)


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

“Route” — poem


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Maps


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Kolyma Federal Highway.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Topographic map of scale 1:500 000


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Highways.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Magadan Oblast.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Tourist scheme — Magadan region.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

printing house, © USSR State Geodesy, 1991


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

See also


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Lensko-Kamchatskaya highway


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Notes


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Literature


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Kolyma Highway — Magadan: Magadan Book.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

publishing house, 1972


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Kolyma Federal Highway: Photobook — Magadan: Wild North


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

D. M. Kovalenko On difficult roads.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

On the methods of work of the advanced team of drivers of the Palatkinskaya motor depot — Magadan: Magadan Book.


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

publishing house, 1977


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Navasardov A. S. Transport development of the North-East of Russia in 1932—1937 — Magadan: SVPC FEB RAS, 2002


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

The Golden Ring of Kolyma (collection of articles).


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Highways, No. 5, 1999


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

References


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Kolyma highway and on the hitchhiking site avp.travel.ru


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

on YouTube


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Category:Federal highways in Russia


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Category:Dalstroy


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Category:Highways in Yakutia


Question: How many years has the main highway of Kolyma been built?

Kolyma highway

Category:Highways in Magadan Oblast


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Military propaganda philately is a subsection of propaganda philately that covers the collection and study of fake, parody postage marks and/or postage vignettes published during wars, significant military operations.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In a broader sense, military propaganda philately covers the collection and study of any postage marks, items and other artifacts, features of the passage of mail or stories which are relevant to this topic, as well as the totality of them.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Goals and Objectives


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Military propaganda stamps can be designed for both their own and enemy and/or opposition-minded audiences, and their publisher and distributor can act as a state (usually in represented by their propaganda departments and/or special services), and non-governmental organizations and even individuals.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Military propaganda on enemy territory


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Usually, such stamp issues are distributed illegally in enemy territory and have the status of counterfeits (English: forgeries), falsifications (), fantasies or.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

There are few cases of mail passing by them, as most attempts to put into circulation are identified and liquidated by postal employees and/or special services of the victim state.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

As a result, at the end of the war, a large number of counterfeits of these counterfeits circulate on the philatelic market in many cases.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, unlike propaganda cards, propaganda postage stamps, due to their small size and ability to mimicry, have a greater penetration potential hostile communications and accessibility to its population.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Such brands are one of the most effective tools in psychological, informational, ideological wars.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The purposes of such issues may be:


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

lowering, undermining moral steadfastness, spirit, trust in their authorities among the population of the enemy side, sowing doubts about the effectiveness, legitimacy, fairness of the ruling regime, the adequacy of its goals and actions;


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

intentions to provoke the population of the enemy side to mass actions of disobedience, sabotage, and other forms of active and passive resistance to the ruling regime;


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

reorienting the population of the enemy side to help competing (external and/or internal) forces, organizing a “fifth column” — and, thereby, stimulating the crisis of the ruling regime, relieving oneself the tasks of changing it, winning their ideas, establishing their ideological norms;


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

undermining public confidence and disrupting the normal operation of state postal institutions of the opposing side;


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Refusing to sponsor the enemy's postal system by paying postage fees to their residents when sending their correspondence.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Patriotic military propaganda


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The purpose of such issues, as a rule, is to mobilize, unite their population while rebuking the enemy, remind them of basic social values, increase morale and trust in the existing government.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Propaganda philately should not be confused with a set of postage signs with political stories — official issues legally distributed by postal institutions of one way or another countries on its territory.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

This is the sin of some Western philatelic sources, sometimes mechanically referring to “propaganda” all political issues of postage stamps of undemocratic regimes, but refuse to recognize as such similar issues of their countries (the non-postal part of them is usually referred to as them).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

A number of other sources prefer to divide such postage signs into “white” and “black” propaganda.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Meanwhile, in the limit, any postage stamp is propaganda in nature, as it carries at least the text of the name of the state that issued it and the name of its currency — thus, regardless of the topic to which it is devoted, agitates for the existing order and regime in the country.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Moreover, there can be a propaganda stamp with a political plot in a broad sense, especially in wartime.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Therefore, the extension of the concept of propaganda philately to official state postal issues de facto dilutes it, making it indistinguishable from the topic of “political philately”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Usually, military propaganda stamps are considered in chronological order.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Some of the most well-known such issues are described below.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

History


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

World War I


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

During the First World War, the warring powers limited themselves mainly to falsifying enemy postage stamps, both in order to destabilize his postal communications and to optimization of mass mailing of propaganda materials through its residents, so that the purchase of appropriate postage stamps for franking letters does not arouse suspicion among enemy special services.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Propaganda issues include the printing by the Entente Allies in Italy from 1914 to 1918 of the so-called “Karisimbi pharmacists”, copies of counterfeit stamps of German East Africa 1905 low denominations (brown - 2.5 hellers, green - 4 hellers, red - 7.5 hellers, blue - 15 gellers and purple - 30 gellers).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

As in the originals from the Hohenzollern Yacht series, the picture depicted the ship of the same name, but the stamps had an increased size (3 × 4 cm instead of 2 × 2.5 cm) and were accompanied by an overprint “G.E.A. British Occupation” and new denominations of 12, 3, 6, 15 and 25 cents.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The idea of the issue was to demoralize the enemy: in reality, German colonial postage stamps were not provided with any occupation British overprints [1] [2].


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In December 1914, the French newspaper Le Matin (Morning) fabricated illustrations of German postage stamps of the famous Germania series, printed “Schweiz 10 (or 25) centimes” — which should was to testify to Germany's preparations for the capture of Switzerland.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The German Embassy in Bern had to hastily refute the “information”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The British propaganda series Remember is also known, dedicated to the sinking of the passenger ship Lusitania by a German submarine in May 1915 (based on German colonial postal Mark) and the execution of Edith Cavell, a nurse who hid from the occupiers and smuggled wounded British soldiers home in German-occupied Belgium.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Edith was caught, sentenced to death and shot in October 1915.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The British used Nurse Cavell as an image of a martyr for propaganda purposes: within two months of her death, the flow of volunteers to the Allied Army doubled, and public opinion is neutral countries (especially the United States) radicalized, which helped to involve the United States in the war on the side of the Entente [1].


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

During this period, a private patriotic initiative was also widely developed.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The most famous are the so-called “Delandre vignettes” (French: “les vignettes Delandre” [3]), which were distributed in large quantities from 1914 to 1918 among soldiers of the French army and its allies.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

They willingly used these propaganda stamps to decorate their letters home.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Vignettes were dedicated to a specific combat unit, and their success was aimed at the target audience.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

They were replicated by Gaston Fontanille, who had previously been imprisoned for fraud: for example, he registered companies whose board of directors he enrolled influential persons, did not who suspected it.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

With the outbreak of the war, Gaston, who renamed himself Delandre, ordered colorful vignettes from several artists and opened a store selling them.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Many brands were produced by him both with and without perforation, sometimes in several color combinations and without color.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

When military censorship banned him from distributing stamps to soldiers, Delandre sold them to the general public in packaged bags.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The popularity of Delandre's vignettes attracted the French Red Cross to his partners, but it quickly became clear that the entrepreneur was completely pocketing the profit from the sale, despite declared charitable nature of the issues.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Delandre was arrested in June 1917 and died in prison in 1923.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

On average, Delandre vignettes are now quoted at $4-5, but rare varieties are sometimes much more expensive.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The German side responded to all this in a straightforward manner — by spreading patriotic vignettes with the popular German slogan in its army: “Gott strafe England!” (“(May) the Lord punish England!”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For the first time, this phrase was heard in the poem “The Song of Hate for England”, better known as “Hymn to Hate”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Civil war in Russia


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Among the military propaganda issues that appeared during the Civil War in Russia, we can point to the so-called “general” series, which consisted of seven stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

It was a propaganda fantastic issue made by printing on coated paper.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The stamps were presumably printed abroad in 1920 [4].


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

World War II


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The Second World War caused the heyday of propaganda parody stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The goals of parody stamps do not differ from the goals of any other military propaganda brands.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, the former try to achieve them not “head-on” with the help of direct appeals, but indirectly, through irony, mockery, satire — however, not so subtle as to risk remaining misunderstood by the ordinary recipient letters with this stamp.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The plots of Anglo-American propaganda brands, created mainly as part of the special operation “Cornflakes” (en:Operation Cornflakes), mainly represented the smear of specific persons , chiefs of the Third Reich.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Nazi branded propaganda, codenamed Operation Andrew (later called Operation Bernhard), tended to prefer a more generalized ridicule ideological attitudes of the allied countries.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Its popular topics are the union of capitalists with the Bolsheviks, judophobia, Masonic conspiracy.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

On its parody stamps, Berlin boasted of military victories, and the Anglo-Americans tried to avoid this (any victory entails inevitable civilian casualties).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In total, more than three hundred different propaganda stamps were issued during the war.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The Germans parodied British commemorative and standard postage stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The British falsified and parodied postage stamps of Germany, Vichy France, Italy, Morocco, Holland, Norway and the Governor-General (part of Poland under the control of the puppet regime).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Americans parodied postage stamps of Germany and Japan, French tax stamps and party stamps of the NSDAP.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In the USSR, it was practiced for a short time in 1941 to issue propaganda postcards, on the back of which it was necessary to print false prints of standard postage stamps of the Reich.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Anglo-American parody stamps


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For the Third Reich


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The main production facilities used by the Allies to produce counterfeit and parody stamps, as well as Axis currencies and documents, were located in Washington, London, Switzerland and, since 1943 Italy.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In addition, a small specialized printing house in Stockholm may have been involved, but little is known about this.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The most famous parodies of the standard postal series of the Third Reich in 1941 with the profile of Adolf Hitler.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The Americans issued stamps in denominations of 6 and 12 pfennig, where Hitler's head turned into a skull, and instead of the usual Deutsches Reich inscription (“German Reich”), Futsches Reich (” The Lost Reich”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The idea of such an issue was originally born to the British.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The stamps were smuggled and distributed in Germany through German-occupied Holland.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

During Operation Cornflakes, the Allies threw propaganda mail franked with these stamps at the mail cars of bombed and derailed German railway trains - with in such a way that it would later be collected and sent by the Germans along with the real one.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The current catalog price of one genuine Hitler Skull is about $25, but the vast majority (about 90%) of those circulating in philatelic markets are post-war counterfeits.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Another idea of the British special services almost turned out to be more tragic for the initiators themselves - fake stamps with a portrait of Reichsfuhrer SS Heinrich Himmler, fabricated on the basis of Hitler's standard series in 1942—1944.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The idea of the British was to play on the paranoia of Adolf Hitler, instilling fears that his closest associate wanted to become the Fuhrer and was preparing a coup.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The legend sounded beautiful: Himmler, being a passionate philatelist, out of vanity, ordered in advance to secretly print postage stamps with his image so that they were ready for the day of his triumphant accession to the Reich.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

But due to a mistake by an official, several sheets of stamps were prematurely sent to post offices and, despite the efforts of the Gestapo, they could not be withdrawn from sale in time.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Significant efforts have been made to distribute Himmler's stamps on letters and newspaper wrappers throughout Germany and even to subscribers of the German press in Sweden and Switzerland.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

But no one saw anything unusual in the substitution of the portrait — the fake turned out to be too similar to the original, and the popularization of Nazi leaders was in the regular channel of the propaganda of the Reich.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Some noise arose only after British agents directly sold several envelopes with the Himmler stamp to brand dealers in Stockholm and Zurich and information about it finally leaked to neutral press.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The operation ended in failure.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Post-war archival studies showed that samples of the parody stamp were delivered to Himmler and he retaliated: in the fall of 1943, Operation Watermark began to create and implement German parodies of British postage stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In addition, although the British failed to mislead the Germans, the legend was believed by uninformed American allies - there is evidence of internal secret correspondence American special services, who at some stage seriously considered the appearance of the Himmler brand as evidence of a strong anti-Hitler underground movement in the Reich.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

After the defeat of an officer conspiracy to assassinate Hitler in August 1944, the British in November released a parody of a dark red postage stamp of 1943 with a face value of 24+26 pfennig, issued in honor of the anniversary of the Nazi “beer coup” of 1923 — but with a portrait of Field Marshal Erwin von Witzleben, the organizer of the conspiracy, hanged by Hitler.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Text: (“Hanged on August 8, 1944, but despite everything you are a winner”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The purpose of the release was to glorify those who fought against those who staged the “beer coup” — and thereby legitimize the conspiracy method itself.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In 1944, a four-brand postal block, issued in April 1937 for Adolf Hitler's birthday, was also parodied.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Both the original and the parody carried the motto (“Whoever wants to save his people must think heroically”), but in a parody version, instead of dark green six-pfennig stamps with Hitler's head on each stamp Hitler's skull turned out to be surrounded by cemetery crosses, and in the upper corners, instead of the face value, there were gallows.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

During Operation Cornflakes (English: en:Operation Cornflakes), parody blocks were sent to the stolen funeral base to several thousand widows and family members of German soldiers who died in fronts.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In the 1950s, when Franklin Roosevelt's philatelic collection was sold, one such block was valued at £90.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In December 1944, the British decided to pry Himmler again on the parody mark of the November postal issue of the Third Reich for the 21st anniversary of the “beer coup”, portraying him shackling a German citizen shackles — what Germany was supposed to represent in the chains of Nazism (the official postage stamp featured an eagle tormenting a many-headed snake), and instead of the phrase “We remember November 9, 1923!” “Remember January 30, 1933!” appeared (the date when the Nazis came to power).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

During the Second World War, a number of parody stamp issues were also known on a private initiative, mainly for the purpose of making a profit.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

One of the few stamps issued, apparently, mainly out of patriotic feelings is a parody of the red-brown German postage stamp of 1940 with a nominal value of 12+38 pfennig for the 51st anniversary of Adolf Hitler.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

She reproduces a famous photo of the Fuhrer fluttering a little girl on the cheek.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In the parody mark, this girl sneezes in the face of Hitler leaning towards her, and the regular German inscription: “Deutsches Reich” is transformed into (“German Target”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The stamp was released in Los Angeles by the brand dealer Lawrence & Graves (English: Lawrence & Graves), distributed to philatelic offices and philatelists, including US President Franklin Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

As a result, sketches of the stamp, printed circuit boards, the remaining print run and all related materials were confiscated by government intelligence agencies of the United States [5].


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, despite this, copies of this issue appear on the world philatelic market from time to time.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

It is assumed that the initiators of the campaign, who calculated the events ahead, organized additional issues.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Canceled copies are known on one-cent postcards with the stamp of Berlin, Oklahoma, and the date April 20, 1943 (Hitler's birthday).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For occupied and allied Axis countries


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For France


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In November-December 1942, the British distributed in Vichy France a 30-centime parody of Marshal Petain's standard stamp, adding a demonic image of the Prime Minister (as well as the minister Foreign and Home Affairs and the Minister of Information) of the collaborationist government of Pierre Laval.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

According to the British, this symbolized Petain's dependence on German politics.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, Pierre Laval became famous later, for his unusual death.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

With the fall of the Vichy regime, he fled to Germany and then to Spain, where he was arrested, deported to Austria and extradited to the Allies.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Laval was sentenced to death in October 1945.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Unable to withstand nervous tension, he took a dose of potassium cyanide on the eve of his execution.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, his life was saved, taken to a prison hospital, where he was brought to a state in which he could stand against the wall, and shot two weeks later.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Another idea implemented by the British special services in May-June 1942 is the falsification of postage stamps of French Morocco in denominations of 50 centimes and 1 franc issues of 1939-1940 and their overprinting : German: “Deutsche Reichspost in Marokko” (“German Imperial Post in Morocco”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The purpose of the black propaganda was to play off Petain and Laval against the Nazis — France was nervous about any hints of Germany's preparation for the annexation of its North African possessions.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

These stamps were sent to the US Embassy in Paris for display to French collaborators.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Underground groups of the French Resistance also tried to keep up with the British.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Since mid-1943, some of his groups issued and distributed parody stamps of the standard issue of postage stamps of the Vichy regime of 1941-1942 with a nominal value of 1.5 francs with a Petain profile, but replacing it General de Gaulle.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The parody issue of Nice was polygraphically made quite primitive, it retained the original French inscription: “Postes françaises” (“French Post”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Robert Tyrin, the engraver of these parody stamps, was later identified, captured by the Gestapo, and died in February 1943.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The seal of the Marseille issue is of better quality, instead of the standard inscription, it appears (“French Republic”), and de Gaulle is deployed full face.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Marseille stamps were printed in couplings of three pieces - a stamp with de Gaulle between two Petain stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The purpose of issuing parody stamps was “pin injections” — sporadic stickers on shop windows, doors and walls of houses, and noticeable urban infrastructure facilities.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, over time, the correspondence franked by them, along with legal postage stamps, was increasingly successful in official mail: cancellations of Marseille, Nice, Lyon, Paris and others are known cities.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For Italy


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The British also parodied Italian postage stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The purpose of releasing (presumably in the fall of 1943) these parodies was to ridicule the “friendship” of Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini, to demonstrate the dependence of the policy of fascist Italy on the Nazi Third Reich.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In the first case, a postage stamp of 1941 with portraits of leaders looking at each other was played out.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In the parody mark, Hitler frightens Mussolini with facial expressions, and the original Italian slogan: “Due popoli — Una guerra” (“Two nations, one war”) has been transformed into (“Two nations, one Fuhrer”), with an ax in the symbol Italian fascists — fascia — chipped.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

It is considered a valuable copy of propaganda in philately.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

At the last auctions of 2018, the brand was sold for $600-$700.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

On the second stamp, the original text “Italian Post” is replaced by the German German: “Zwei Volker — Ein Krieg” (“Two peoples, one war”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For Poland


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In early 1943, for similar purposes of compromise, the British issued a parody stamp of the Governor-General (Poland) in 1941 with a nominal value of 20 pennies, where Hans Frank appeared instead of Hitler's portrait. Governor General of the Territory.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Postal items with this stamp, pasted in addition to several ordinary ones, were distributed by Polish underground workers associated with the Craiova Army during Operation Action N (from the Polish “niemcy”, that is, “Germans”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The envelopes were addressed to individuals in different cities of occupied Poland and contained campaign materials.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Currently, such an envelope is estimated at 3—6 thousand US dollars.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For Norway


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In June 1941, British intelligence agencies prepared four branded vignettes for occupied Norway for distribution there through a network of their agents.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

With a circulation of 50,000, these vignettes were dropped in two stages (in July and September) by aircraft over the city of Bergen.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The packs with each of the four stories had the inscription “This is a test sample for a competition with Norwegian postage stamps. The other three are by airmail.”


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Part of the cargo was intercepted and destroyed by the Nazis, but the surviving vignettes soon spread to cities and towns in northern Norway.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The blue vignette shows the head of Norwegian puppet minister president Vidkun Quisling (Norwegian: Vidkun Quisling) with a noose around it, the face value of “30 pieces of silver” and the inscription (“Quisling's Behavior” brought him shame and contempt”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The plot of the red stamp with a nominal value in the 20th era is a giant sailor collecting the fleeing Nazis in a bag, and the inscription “Lofoten March 4, 1941-Penalty”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

It is dedicated to the successful landing of the British Marines on the Lofoten Islands off the northwest coast of Norway.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

A green vignette in the 15th era depicts an obese German officer stealing livestock from a Norwegian peasant woman.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The inscription (“Everything for Germany”) parodies the royal slogan “Everything for Norway”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

On a blue stamp with a face value in the 30th era, Hitler, wearing a horned Viking helmet, swims in a lifebuoy surrounded by fish and says: German: “Wir fahren gegen Engelland” (“We are fighting at sea against England”).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For the Philippines


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In the Asia-Pacific theater of operations, military propaganda philately, due to a weaker understanding of each other's mentality by the warring parties, did not receive much development, and their residences in the enemy camp, they limited themselves only to falsifying postage stamps for their needs.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The ethnic non-complementarity of the local population of the European and American colonial possessions seized by the Japanese Empire also played a role, neither to the invaders nor to the previous owners, as well as giving the Japanese authorities more independence to the colonies, up to formal independence (Indonesia, Burma), which allowed the Japanese to look like liberators in their eyes.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, the US did try to organize propaganda support for pro-American-oriented resistance, in particular, in the Philippines.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In November 1943, propaganda stamps were printed in Brisbane, Australia, with the inscription English: “Free Philippines/Guerrilla Postal Service” (“Free Philippines. Rebel Postal Service”) in denominations of 2 centavos for the 10th Military District of the Rebel Forces in Mindanao.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Of course, at that time there was no talk of organizing any reliable mail message underground.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The main goal of the release was moral support for the rebels.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Information on print runs is extremely scarce.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

It is estimated that a total of 5,000 sheets of such stamps were produced, 25 each, and about 20 sheets were delivered to Mindanao by the US Navy submarine Narwal.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

These rebel stamps are known on the envelopes of letters from rebels in the United States, delivered by submarines from the Philippines to Australia and then to America.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Currently, the catalog price of a copy of the stamp is 300-400 dollars.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

A similar issue is known on the Philippine island of Cebu.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

At the end of 1942, local “South Cebu Forces” issued stamps in denominations of 2, 4, 16 and 20 centavos of 100 thousand pieces each with the inscriptions “USAFFE” (from English: “United States Armed Forces in the Far East” “- The United States Armed Forces in the Far East) and SCF ().


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Most of these stamps were lost during and after the war, so they are now rare.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The set of all denominations is valued at $1,000.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

German parody stamps


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Since 1940, by order of Adolf Hitler, the process of mass production of counterfeit checks and banknotes has been organized in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (near Oranienburg near Berlin), among other things Bank of England (Bank of England) in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 pounds sterling, passports of enemy and neutral countries.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

By the end of 1943, Sachsenhausen produced a million pounds sterling a month, and after the war it turned out that up to 15% of the Bank of England banknotes in circulation were counterfeit (which is why The UK had to withdraw all bills larger than £5).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The company was headed by SS Sturmbannfuhrer Bernhard Krüger, which later gave the operation the unofficial name Operation Bernhard.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Since the end of 1943, SS Reichsfuhrer Heinrich Himmler, annoyed by the actions of the British special services (see above), organized the release of German parody stamps on the existing base in response.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

This is how the details are described in Boris Kissin's book “The Country of Philately” [6]:


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

“Sunday 1943. The alarm sounds. The barrack doors are locked! It all stopped in an instant. No inmate dares to leave the barrack. But through the windows, thousands of alert eyes are watching what is happening. The gates of blocks 17 and 18, which are fenced off from the rest of the camp by many rows of barbed wire and security posts, open. About 140 prisoners are marching five in a row to the camp's laundry and shower room. But these are not ordinary prisoners — exhausted, half dead of hunger, waiting to die. They are well-fed, good-looking people, not with their heads shaved, but with neat hairstyles, in well-fitted, clean and even ironed camp clothes. Everyone has a knot in their hands and — which is hard to believe — soap. SS guards don't hit them, don't yell at them like they usually do. They walk side by side, silent and polite. After an hour and a half, the procession returns back to the same isolated blocks, as calmly and disciplined as before, accompanied by the same attentive glances as before... The doors of special blocks are closed. The end of the camp alarm [7]”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Specialists in printing, paper, engravers, retouchers, and prisoners were gathered to work at this factory in Sachsenhausen.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The camp administration was ordered to help maintain their normal working capacity, they were even given concerts, were allowed to listen to the radio, play chess, cards, table tennis.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, attempts at sabotage, unsuitability for work, illness led to death for them.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

During the agony of the Reich in 1945, these prisoners were transported to Mauthausen, then to Ebensee, where they were to be destroyed, but did not have time to do so.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In a year and a half, as part of a special Operation Watermark (German: Unternehmen Wasserwelle), three of the most famous British postage stamps of the time were parodied - the standard series of 1937 with depicting the head of King George VI (7,000 sheets of 192 stamps each), a half-penny commemorative 1935 stamp in honor of the 25th anniversary of the reign of George V [8] and a postage stamp of 1937 with a nominal value of 1.5 pence in honor of the coronation of George VI (12,000 sheets of 120 stamps each).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Parody stamps were printed on special paper with a watermark in the form of wavy lines (hence the name of the operation) that remained after the printing of food cards (Lebensmittelmark).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

On the parody of the anniversary stamp, George V's profile was replaced by the profile of smiling Joseph Stalin, the text “Silver Jubilee/Half Penny” was replaced by “This War/ the Jewish War” () — and with a mistake (instead of the right one).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Instead of the dates 1910-1935, “1939—1944” appeared on the sides of the portrait of the king, sickles and hammers were added to the frame, and the crown was crowned with a six-pointed star of David.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For a long time, it was believed that the mistake in the word “Jewish” was the result of deliberate secret sabotage of manufacturing prisoners, but according to their testimonies, as well as according to Bernhard Kruger himself (he lived before 1989) is just an oversight.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

On the German parody of a brown-lilac postage stamp dedicated to the coronation of King George VI, the portrait of his wife Queen Consort Elizabeth was replaced by a bust of Stalin, instead of the text (“Postal and stamp duty”) appeared, the royal monogram “GER” became “SSSR”, and the royal symbolism became six- and five-pointed stars and hammers and sickles.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

All this was supposed to symbolize the “marriage” between Great Britain and the USSR at the Tehran Conference of the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Six German parody marks of the standard series of Great Britain are also known - green half penny, red penny, lilac-brown 1½ pence, orange double pence, blue 2½ pence and purple three-pence.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The portrait of the monarch did not change, but the crown above him was crowned with the Star of David, it also appeared in the Scottish thistle to the right of the crown, the English rose on the left was inscribed with a hammer and sickle, and it but replaced the abbreviation “d” (“denier”) after the nominal value of the brand.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

This issue was overprinted with a lot of campaign inscriptions.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For example, the words “murder” () and “ruins” () between two bombs; inscriptions exposing the Zionist nature of various events in allied countries; frightening overprints about the impending invasion of the Reich in Great Britain; on the “liquidation of empires” with the names of various British colonies at the bottom (14 variants).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In total, according to experts, there were 192 such overprinted varieties by the end of the war.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

All three plots of German parody stamps also exist on souvenir leaflets with the emblem of the British Royal Post, the hammer and sickle and inscriptions in English and Russian:, “Special stamps in memory the first day of the invasion.”


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In addition, the Third Reich in 1940-1944 issued large quantities for ordinary use by its population postcards with vignettes drawn on the site of gluing the postage stamp - cartoons of Churchill, Chamberlain and Stalin.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The most hated by German propaganda was Winston Churchill, whom Hitler called an “old Jew”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Most of the “stamps” with his image bear a “nominal value”, a crosswise unit and the inscription “Not worth a penny” (German: “Wert keinen Pfennig”), or simply say “Useless brand” ().


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Churchill was depicted with a British warship broken on his head, in the uniform of a naval officer with epaulettes, or in a civilian black suit with a butterfly, always with a cigar in his mouth — symbolic attributes of a bourgeois capitalist.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The Narvik brand incident


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The games of the special services with each other during the Second World War were sometimes so classified, and events on the fronts sometimes presented such unexpected surprises that radically changed the attitude towards these events , that from time to time propaganda stamps become known on the world philatelic market, the ownership of which seems impossible to determine retroactively.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

This happened, for example, with a stamp dedicated to the victory at Narvik.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

This city in northern Norway changed hands several times in the spring of 1940 (see Fig. Battle of Narvik).


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The Germans stormed it on April 9 during an operation to seize the country, and the combined Anglo-French forces regained the city in May and held it until June 9, after which they surrendered it to the Reich troops again.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

It is not known which side and at what point decided to celebrate the capture.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Michel, a specialized catalog of German postage stamps, considers the stamp to be Nazi propaganda and indicates that it may have been printed on the margins of Hitler's birthday souvenir leaflets 1937, but does not give an illustration.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Some philatelic publications adhere to different versions, especially since the stamp is known in two varieties — light blue with a swastika watermark and dark blue, and on light blue on the shield you can see the number “19”.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

For the first time, this stamp became known to philatelists in the late 1950s, a well-preserved copy is now estimated in catalogs at more than $100.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Soviet military propaganda philately


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

As mentioned above, the USSR did not take part in the race of parody stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

However, since December 1941, Moscow has organized the production of propaganda stamped postcards with a standard stamp printed on the back with a nominal value of 6 pfennig with a Hindenburg profile, exactly repeating German design.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

In total, the USSR issued 50 such postcards during the war, but only the first series was equipped with stamps.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Below are details about two of them, released for Christmas 1941, when the battle for Moscow was going on.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

Both postcards (there were five of them in this series) are equipped with an imitation of an express label with the inscription (“Christmas gift from the Fuhrer”), below which is a short propaganda text.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The circulation of each is 500 thousand pieces.


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The text on the back:


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

“This is the space that German soldiers found on the Eastern Front. Two meters under the ground, and a birch cross on top. Far from their homeland, they perished and died. Snow falls and covers like a shroud, the wind whistles, crows croak: “Kar-r-r, solga-al-al! Solga-al-al! ”. Hitler lied to you German soldiers. He promised you to seize Moscow, but it led to injury and death. On Christmas Eve, German women mourn Hitler's victims. You who are still alive, end Hitler! End the war!”


Question: In what year were the illustrations of German postage stamps fabricated in the French newspaper Le Matin?

Military propaganda philately

The second postcard depicts a legless disabled soldier returning home and hugging his little crying daughter with his only healthy hand.