Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The lucky one who became the owner of this unique miniature paid no less than $474,800 for it [13] The auction was also attended by the author of the unique brand, artist Wang Wei Sheng, who admitted to France-Presse that at one time he was afraid of punishment for his mistake, but everything went well and the creator of the “provocative” brand did not go to prison [15].


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Errors in symbolism


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

South Korea, 1951


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In a large series of 42 postage stamps issued as a token of gratitude to the UN member states that participated in the Korean War and defended the independence of South Korea (two 500-won stamps each countries), Italy is represented among other participants.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Meanwhile, this country was not a member of the UN at that time, and did not take part in the aforementioned conflict.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

USSR, 1958


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

On a Soviet postage stamp dedicated to the Meeting of Ministers of Communications of Socialist Countries in Moscow, there is also the flag of Czechoslovakia among the numerous national flags of the participating countries.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Only with confused colors — a white stripe at the bottom, red at the top.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Thanks to the prompt reaction of Czechoslovak representatives, the error was quickly noticed, the stamps were withdrawn from circulation and replaced with a corrected issue.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

But another question remains unclear: whose flag is drawn on the left, below the Mongolian one.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

It vaguely resembles North Korean, but, apparently, not up to the level of international complications demonstrated by the Czechoslovak delegation to the USSR.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Great Britain, 1969


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In the British three-brand series, released in honor of the first flight of the British-French joint British-French concord supersonic aircraft, on a 9 pence stamp in the upper left corner French and British national flags were placed.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

British is printed correctly, and French colors are in reverse order.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The error was never fixed.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

France, 1972


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

On a postage stamp dedicated to the Battle of Arcola Bridge, one of the most famous episodes of Napoleon's Italian campaign, artist Albert Decaris captures the moment when 30-year-old General Bonaparte, commander of the French army, under a hail of Austrian bullets and buckshot with a banner in his hand by personal example, drags the infantrymen with him and occupies the bridge.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, it follows from the figure that the future emperor has a tricolor flag of France in his hand, while in fact he carried the battle banner of the 5th Infantry Regiment, which had nothing to do with the tricolor [16].


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Cameroon 1978


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

On a postage stamp dedicated to the state visit of French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing to the country, the flag of Cameroon was depicted behind the head of Cameroonian Prime Minister Ahmad Ahijo.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The yellow star on the flag is mistakenly placed on the wrong side and on the wrong lane.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The bug was corrected at the additional issue of this stamp the following 1979.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Scott Catalog doesn't know anything about this.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

USA, 1989


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

On the airmail stamp dedicated to the bicentennial of the French Revolution, allegorically depicting its motto “Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood”, the colors of the Republican French flag are given in reverse OK.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Although, perhaps, this is not a mistake, since at that time the order of flowers was not strictly regulated (this was done only by Napoleon Bonaparte).


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Failure to observe customs


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The famous Anglo-Egyptian Sudan postage stamp series depicting a postman on a running camel, printed in London, was originally issued with a standard lotus flower watermark in the center.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

This almost caused an uprising of the local Muslim population, who interpreted its cruciform as an outrage against Islam.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The circulation was urgently withdrawn and replaced with a similar one, but with a watermark in the form of stars and crescents.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Pakistan, 1948


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The first standard series of postage stamps of Pakistan depicted the sickle of the waning moon, which, according to local customs, is a sign of misfortune.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

As a result, these brands were almost not in demand and were completely reprinted.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Subsequent issues (1952, 1956 and beyond) depict the sickle of the emerging moon.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

USA, 1981


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In August 1981, as part of a nationwide anti-alcohol campaign, a postage stamp was issued in mass circulation, the design of which was its slogan, “Alcoholism. You can beat it!” (English: Alcoholism. You can beat it!).


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

But shortly after its release, it turned out that the population avoided buying it: due to a non-obvious plot error, the brand is virtually impossible to use for its intended purpose, since it is on the envelope looks like an insult to the addressee, unequivocally accusing him of excessive consumption of alcohol.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

A few months later, the US Postal Service was forced to destroy the balance of the circulation, suffering significant losses.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Errors with personalities


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

New Brunswick, 1860


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

During the transition of this Canadian British colony of New Brunswick from the duodecimal monetary system to the decimal, local postmaster Charles Connell, by order of the governor, had to place an order for reprint of a new series of stamps depicting Queen Victoria [17] at the American Bank Note Company in New York.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, on the five-cent postage stamp, intended for franking correspondence within New Brunswick, Victoria was replaced by a portrait of the postmaster himself.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

This was considered an insult to Her Majesty and ten days later Charles Connell resigned and was forced to reimburse the costs.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

He bought the entire 500,000th print run for 31 pounds 15 shillings.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

There are several legends about the further fate of the circulation.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

One of them claims that Connell burned stamp sheets one by one on the lawn behind his house in Woodstock, staging a big show.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Another says he gave them to the poor during charity dinners.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

According to the third, part of the stamps was inherited by his two daughters and distributed to their friends.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The fourth legend claims that the authorities of the colony themselves were engaged in the destruction of the scandalous brand.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Today, there are 65 unfinished copies of the Connell stamp, the market value of each of them ranges from $1,600 to 20,900 US dollars (the Scott catalog estimates the Connell stamp at $6,000).


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Despite the fact that after receiving the circulation, Charles Connell delivered it to the post offices of the three largest cities in New Brunswick — Fredericton, St. John and Woodstock — there have been no cancellations of the stamp so far no pores have been identified.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

It is believed that it was never put into postal circulation, although according to other sources, the period of its circulation was still five days.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Serbia, 1904


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

After the assassination of King Alexander (Obrenovic V) and the transfer of power to the rival princely royal Karageorgevic (Karadjordjevic), a series of Serbian stamps depicting two portraits was issued — the founder of the Karageorgi dynasty and the new king Peter I.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Soon, however, these stamps had to be withdrawn, as they showed a third portrait: if you look at the drawing upside down, you can see the face of former monarch Alexander.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The stamps were ordered by the Parisian engraver L.-E.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Mouchon, and the press unearthed that during the process of making the order, the mother of the murdered Alexander went to Paris and repeatedly met with Mouchon.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, the similarity of the face appearing on the stamps with Alexander is very remote, and a number of observers point out that the story is most likely overly inflated.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Great Britain, 1910


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

To replace the standard 2-pence two-tone stamp in circulation at the time, a new purple two-pence stamp (Phoenician plum) with the image of King Edward was issued VII.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

100,000 sheets (24,000,000 stamps) were printed and distributed to post offices in the country.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The launch of the brand into circulation was planned at a time, to use up the existing reserves of the old design.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Due to the death of Edward VII, these plans were not implemented.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The entire print run was destroyed (there is a possibility that there are only a few copies left).


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The only use of the stamp was on a letter sent by the then Prince of Wales, later King George V [18], to himself.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

This letter is now kept in and is regularly exhibited at exhibitions.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In the catalog “Scott” the brand is not mentioned: it was not officially put into circulation, although the Prince of Wales, using his official position, proved the opposite.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

USSR, 1935


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The famous series of air postage stamps dedicated to the rescue pilots of Chelyuskintsy included, among other things, a stamp with the image of S. Levanevsky, later printed “Moscow-San Francisco Flight Across the North Pole 1935”.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Vasily Zavyalov, the artist of the series, could not know in advance that this flight would end tragically and the pilot would die.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, unlike other pilots (Lyapidevsky, Doronin, Kamanin, etc.), depicted on the stamps in this series framed by two laurel branches symbolizing glory, Levanevsky's portrait is framed laurel and palm branches.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

This is often a sign of mourning


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Austria, 1937


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

For the New Year, a harmless postage stamp with a face value of 12 pennies was issued with the image of zodiac signs and a vase of roses.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, some observers saw that its artist V. Dahauer depicted Adolf Hitler's face with the help of the configuration of petals, campaigning either for or against the upcoming Anschluss.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In all likelihood, in the heated atmosphere of that time, wishful thinking was wishful thinking.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

But, one way or another, this brand of independent Austria was the last before the defeat of the Reich.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Argentina, 1946


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Argentina's five-centavo postage stamp allegorically depicts the process of taking the oath of office by President Juan Perón during his inauguration on June 4, 1946.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, Peron stretches out a laurel from the bushes and puts the wrong hand on the Argentine constitution.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Saarskaya Oblast', 1947


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In the standard series of the Saarland region, the plot of stamps in denominations of 15, 16, 20 and 24 pfennig represented two metallurgists in the process of smelting from the open-hearth furnace.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

But if you turn over one of these stamps and take a closer look, you can find the face of one-eyed Adolf Hitler behind the second worker.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

It is unknown what the artist wanted to say by this and whether he wanted at all.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

But the catalog price of such a brand is more than six times higher than neighboring brands of the same series.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Australia, 1947


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In a series of three Australian stamps dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the founding of Newcastle, New South Wales, the 2.5 pence stamp was to depict the explorer lieutenant who discovered the river Hunter (named after John Hunter, the first governor of the colony of New South Wales), at the mouth of which the city was founded.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, the face depicted was Shortland's father, Captain John Shortland.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The stamp has not been fixed.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

USA, 1994


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

In a bunch of Legends of the West postage stamps, a few days before its official release, descendants of the family of the famous cowboy Bill Pickett noticed that the face depicted on the corresponding stamp was not Bill, but his cousin Ben Pickett, and filed claims to the US mail, demanding the seizure of the marriage and the reissue of the issue with the corrected portrait.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The post office accepted the claims, but about a hundred episodes with a mistake have already been received by post offices.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Therefore, in order to bring down the hype, a kind of lottery was arranged: 150,000 randomly selected pre-paid requests from collectors to buy the series with an error were satisfied.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The rest of those wishing to pay were returned.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The philatelic press, dissatisfied with this decision, raised a scandal.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, in the end, the original cost of the miniature mistakenly fell from 300 to 150 US dollars, despite forecasts that the price will rise above five hundred dollars.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Design errors


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Thailand 1985


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

On the commemorative stamp of Thailand in honor of the Prince's Minister of State (1885—1974), the floral frame around his portrait on the main version is twisted to the right, and on the variety - in the opposite direction.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The first option is quoted by catalogs in every way more expensive, and the coupling of the two varieties is five times more expensive than they are separately.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

USA, 2000


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The day after the release of the 60-cent airmail stamp with the image of the Grand Canyon, a National Park employee called the US Postal Service headquarters in Washington.” The Grand Canyon.”


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

He said that the landscape of the canyon, painted on the stamp, is given in a mirror image.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The stamp was not withdrawn or destroyed from sale, as it was reproduced after the original version of the stamp had already been erroneously signed to the drawing [19] [20].


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

False story mistakes


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Newfoundland, 1865


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The ice floe depicts a seal not with front fins, but as if with clawed legs.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Until the 1920s, it was believed that the artist was mistaken, but it turned out that Newfoundland really is home to a species of harp seals, whose front fins are equipped with fingers with large claws [ 21] [22] [23].


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

France, 1952


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

On a postage stamp from a series dedicated to the Olympic Games in Helsinki, a fencer wields his left hand.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

According to the French Post, this was drawn intentionally, in order to perpetuate the glory of Christian d'Oriol, who won two gold medals in foil fencing.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Christian is left-handed.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

South Georgia, 1963


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The first own postage stamp of this Antarctic British island colony of South Georgia


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

WikiProject Singapore


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

VTThis article is within the scope of WikiProject Singapore, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of articles related to Singapore on Wikipedia.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

This article has not yet received a rating on the project's quality scale.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

This article has not yet received a rating on the project's importance scale.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

a reindeer appeared with a nominal value of half a pence (½d), whose habitat is Scandinavia on the opposite side of the Earth.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, this is not a mistake.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Ten animals were brought to the island by whalers in 1911 from Norway for breeding for fresh meat.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

The deer has taken root, and in half a century it has even become a real symbol of the overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; it is depicted, in particular, on its coat of arms and flag.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

However, with the decrease in the resident population of South Georgia to almost zero in the second half of the 20th century, deer stopped hunting and, in the absence of natural predators, the animals multiplied and began to eat scarce island vegetation and ruin nesting sites.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Therefore, in 2012, the authorities decided to destroy a herd of 3,000 reindeer in order to save the ecosystem [24].


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

See also


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Errors in inscriptions on postage stamps


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Printing errors on postage stamps


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Postal war


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Postage stamps with errors


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Note


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Literature


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

/Under LS.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

ed.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

N. AND. Vladinets and V. A. Jacobs.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

—: Radio and Communication, 1988.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— ISBN 5-256-00175-2.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

(See Errors on stamps.)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Karlovich E.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

/Trans. from Polish.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

IN. L. Kona.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

—: Communication, 1978.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— 248 p.v


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

v


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Obukhov E.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Funny philately.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

—: ITC “Marka”, “Philately” magazine, 2002—2005.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

(.) v


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Obukhov E.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

/Ed.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

IN. AND. Pishchenko.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

—: ITC “Marka”, 2006.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— 80 p. — (Appendix to the magazine. Philately, No. 6, 2006).


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

v


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

/Comp.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

O. ME.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Basin.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

—: Communication, 1968.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

(See Typos and Errors on stamps.)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Scott 2007.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Standard Postage Stamp Catalog.


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— New York, NY, USA: Scott, 2006. (in English)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

References


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— a chapter from the e-book on the site


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— a series of articles on the portal


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— catalog of errors on British Commonwealth postage stamps (in English)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

on postage stamps on the website (Belgium) (in English)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

errors on postage stamps on the website (US) (in English)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

errors on postage stamps on the site (old “mirror”, USA) (in English)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

— William Senkus Philatelic Dictionary (in English)


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Category:Postage stamp errors


Question: What caused plot errors on postage stamps?

Plot errors on postage stamps

Category:Philatelic scandals


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Kapcha (from CAPTCHA — English: C fully A utomated P ublic T uring test to tell C omputers and H umans A part — a fully automated public Turing test for distinguishing computers and people) is a computer test used to determine whether the user of the system is a person or a computer.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

The term appeared in 2000.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

The main idea of the test is to offer the user a task that is easily solved by a person, but is extremely difficult and time-consuming for a computer.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

As of 2013, about 320 million captchas are being introduced by users around the world every day [1].


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

CAPTCHA is a trademark of Carnegie Mellon University, which developed this test.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Implementation options


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

In the most common version of captcha, the user enters the characters shown in the picture (often with the addition of interference or translucency), but in such a way that it is very difficult for the machine text recognition.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

According to generally accepted standards for the accessibility of the Internet for visually impaired people, such a captcha should be supplemented by a variant based on speech recognition (audio captcha).


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

There are also captchas where you need to choose the right image from the list [2].


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Other poorly algorithmized tasks can also be used: for example, finding out what is in a picture, marking all pictures with cats, or answering a question related to knowledge or mentality people (for example, the riddle: “a pear hangs, you can't eat”).


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

However, character recognition has become the standard: it is not tied to any culture (the main obstacle is poor eyesight), it works even on mobile browsers, and the experienced user quickly recognizes a picture as a captcha.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Combined captchas are also possible.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Disadvantages


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

the disadvantage of captcha is that it is not always possible to parse it.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Because of this, you sometimes have to enter captcha several times.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Ways to pass captcha by robot


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Exploiting vulnerabilities


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

If the web programmer is not qualified enough, the bot can give an answer without passing the test.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

For example, according to any information contained on a page, the computer itself, without human intervention, is able to correctly answer a question that only a person could supposedly answer.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Or a person takes the test once, and the computer fabricates many requests with the same response.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Guessing


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

It is used primarily for “non-traditional” captchas with a small number of answer options (1000 or less).


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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The robot “guesses” by sending random answers, and some of them turn out to be correct.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Using databases


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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This approach is effective when questions are prepared by an administrator rather than generated by a machine.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

With the help of databases, you can go through many non-traditional captcha options: for example, mark all pictures with cats.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Automatic recognition


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

There are programs (for example: PwnTCHA) that recognize specific captcha implementations.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

In addition, it is possible to connect modules from general-purpose text recognition programs (for example: FineReader, OmniPage) to third-party programs for captcha image recognition .


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

In relation to automated recognition, there are concepts of “weak captcha” and “strong captcha”.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Among the “weaknesses” are a fixed font, a fixed position of characters, no distortion, separation of characters from the background using a color key or Gaussian blur, easy separation characters apart, etc. However, sometimes it happens that a strong captcha is difficult to recognize for a person, which is already an unacceptable extreme.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Occasionally, there is a captcha that is easily read by a computer and with great difficulties — by a person (for example, with a non-contrasting picture) — such a captcha does not correspond to the purpose of the captcha as such at all.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

If the generated image is unreadable, the user, as a rule, has the opportunity to get a new one.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

A strong captcha should produce a picture with a different answer [3].


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

Many non-traditional captcha versions also turned out to be weak — “non-robotic” [4] [5].


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Proxy recognition


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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There is a method of “recognition” that uses human resources from highly visited sites.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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The robot downloads the captcha from the required Internet service and presents it to the site visitor.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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In return, the site visitor gets access to the resource, and the robot learns the code shown in the picture and enters it on the “stormed” site.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

A site visitor may not even suspect that each video watched results in the registration of a new mailbox for sending spam.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

To protect (unfortunately, not completely) from this method of bypassing the captcha, the site automatically changes the captcha image if the answer to it is not entered immediately (within a short period of time) — regularly each once after a certain period of time, or when you try to start typing a response late.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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There are also specialized sites for sharing or selling captcha.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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The usefulness of captcha against spam


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Captcha alone cannot stop spammers.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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On the other hand, this method of protection can be very inconvenient for people.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

In addition, captchas are abused, for example, by file hosting, which carries captcha recognition services to the masses and makes it even more ineffective [6].


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Well-known CAPTCHA services


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

reCAPTCHA is a project that uses an illegible OCR word as a work item for user responses to a captcha request, which is one of many distorted fragments of scanned books, in addition to the word generated by the computer.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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This service takes into account the methods of using and capabilities of programs for digitizing book texts.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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For reliability, the same word is offered to several users of different sites.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

CAPTCHA

When different users respond to a CAPTCHA request in the same way, it is assumed that they have entered the correct word.


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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See also


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Proof of work


Question: Who developed the first anti-spam program?

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Notes


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References


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at Curlie


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Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Cathedral Mosque of St. Petersburg is an architectural monument, Northern Art Nouveau style, the main mosque of the Russian Empire, the largest mosque in the European part of the Russian Empire.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

History


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1798, more than five hundred Muslim servicemen applied for a house of worship and a place for a cemetery.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1803-2004, mosque projects were carried out in St. Petersburg by order of the military department.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Architects Andrey Voronikhin (Tatar Metochion, 1804) and Luigi Ruska (Tatar Mosque in the Izmailovo Life Guards Regiment, 1803).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Both projects remained unimplemented.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Prayer rooms were allocated in the barracks.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1862, officials refused the military guards akhun Muhammed-Alim Khantemirov to start raising money for the construction of a stone mosque with a minaret in St. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

According to the census of the civilian population in 1869, out of 1,700 Muslims permanently residing in St. Petersburg, there were 1,585 Tatars. [1]


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Stage 1: Committee for the Construction of a Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg and the Collection of Donations


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1881, the proxies of the akhuns of the 1st and 2nd Mohammed-Shakir Yunusov and Ataulla Bayazitov asked the Muslim community about the construction of a cathedral mosque in St. Petersburg, merchant Rakhmetulla Khalitov and Abdulla Kutaev from St. Petersburg 2nd guild.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Orenburg Mufti Salimgirey Tevkelev previously agreed on this issue with the Director of the Department of Spiritual Affairs of Foreign Confessions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs A. N. Mosolov.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

It was about the establishment of a public organization for collecting donations — the Committee for the Construction of a Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg and Collecting Donations.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The collected funds were intended for the construction of a mosque, with a school for boys and a God-pleasing institution for patients attached to it.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Initially, donations were collected only among Tatars living in the city.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Since the founding of St. Petersburg, Tatars have been an absolute majority and numerically outnumbered representatives of other Muslim nationalities.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Based on the information received from A. Bayazitov reports, the Orenburg Spiritual Assembly had to annually report to the Ministry on the dynamics of collecting donations, as well as submit an estimate of the costs of building a mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

To the Bakhchisaray Russian-Tatar newspaper by Ismail Gasprinsky “Translator. Tardzhiman”, which was distributed throughout Russia, A. Bayazitov submitted lists with names and donated sums twice a year for publication.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The modest amount collected is explained by the permission to collect donations only from Muslims living in St. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

By 1902, the Tatar community had about 44 thousand rubles at its disposal. At the general meeting of Muslims held on April 12, 1902, a public verdict was drawn up on the construction of a mosque with the collected capital.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

A wish was expressed to choose a place for construction near both parishes: the 1st parish was located in an apartment at Glazovskaya Street, 9 (now ul. Konstantin Zaslonov); 2nd parish — nab.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Moika River, 22 apt. 28.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In addition to the prayer hall, the project envisaged the arrangement of apartments for the clergy.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Stage 2: Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The all-Russian charity campaign to raise funds for the construction of a St. Petersburg mosque became possible due to the democratization of public life in the country under the onslaught of revolutionary events — Manifesto on April 17, 1905. “On Freedom of Religion” and the Manifesto on October 17, 1905 “On Granting Citizens Democratic Civil Rights”.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Charity among Muslims has received a qualitatively different development since 1898, when, according to a government circular, the St. Petersburg Muslim Charitable Society was created, the founders of which were merchants of the 1st guild Shamsi Asadullayev, Aga Musa Nagiyev, the largest industrialist Haji Zeynalabdin Tagiyev with his wife Sona Khanum, Doctor of Medicine Abdul-Khalik Akhundov, Head Sein - Abidin Ganiev, Allar-Yar-Bek Zyulgadarov, as well as Kazakh sultans, the Valikhanov brothers who served in St. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

At the initial stage, the society consisted of 125 members, later more than 160 members.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Every year, the society applied for large rooms for solemn services on the occasion of Ramadan Bayram and Eid al-Adha.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Emir of Bukhara and Khan of Khiva were honorary members of the society.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The last chairman of the St. Petersburg Muslim Charitable Society was Zahid Shamil, grandson of Imam Shamil.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

During the First Russian Revolution (1905—1907), the government granted (May 28, 1906) the petition of Muslims of St. Petersburg (verdict of November 5, 1905) to establish a “Committee for the Construction of Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg”.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

To the account of the Committee, as the legal successor for the collection of donations, from Akhun A. Bayazitov received 53,300 rubles collected since 1883.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

According to the charter, the activities of the public organization were as follows:


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

finding funds for the construction of a mosque;


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

purchase of a place for a religious building;


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

development of the project, estimates and drawings of the temple;


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

construction works.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Committee members:


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Chairman — Lieutenant Colonel Abdul-Aziz Davletshin (Major General by the time of completion of construction);


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Secretary — Captain A. Zhantiev;


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

akhuns ― Ataulla Bayazitov, Muhammed-Zarif Yunusov (son of Mukhamed-Shakir Yunusov);


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Cavalry General Sultan Genghis Khan, Major General A. Sheikh-Ali, State Councilor D. Smolny, Court Councilor Iskander Valikhan, Captain A. Syrtlanov, merchants Khairulla Khalitov, Kh.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Yalyshev, Mukhammed-Alim Maksutov, Ataulla Bayrashev, homeowners Fattakhetdin Takanaev, Khusain Akchurin, A. Adiyatov, Ibrahim Batyrbaev, Nigmatulla Yafarov, Nazir Bekbulatov.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

By the highest decree of July 18, 1906 No. The Committee was able to collect donations in the amount of up to 750 thousand rubles throughout Russia for 10 years.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In his first year of activity (May 1, 1906 to May 1, 1907) The Committee managed to collect 103,035 rubles 28 kopecks.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

During his stay in St. Petersburg, Emir of Bukhara Seyid Abdul-Ahad Khan (vassal of the Russian Emperor), who had close contacts with the capital's Tatars, repeatedly raised the issue of the construction of an Islamic temple.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1906, members of the Committee appealed to the Emir for assistance in the construction of the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Emir, with the permission of the emperor, allocated money for the purchase of part of the land


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1907 The Committee purchased two land plots at the corner of Kronverksky Prospekt and Konny Lane, 9/1 and a plot along Kronverksky Prospekt, 7.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Project competition


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On behalf of the Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral Mosque in 1907, in the magazine “Zodchiy” (No. 45), the Imperial St. Petersburg Society of Architects announced a tender for drawing up a draft design of the cathedral building mosques in the city. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

A plan for the land plot and the requirements of the competition were published, one of the conditions of which was the requirement to create conditions for prayers in the basement with an increase in the number of believers in public holidays.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The jury included leading architects: L. N. Benois, A. I. von Gauguin, A. AND. Dmitriev F. AND. Lidval, A. N. Pomerantsev; three representatives of the Committee for the Construction of the Mosque and Secretary S. IN. Belyaev said.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On March 11, 1908, the results of the competition were summed up, in which 45 projects took part (35 urban and 10 non-resident).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The first three prizes (800 rubles each) were awarded to M. S. Lyalevich under the motto “A”, M. M. Peretyatkovich under the motto “Mamelyuk” and N. IN. Vasiliev under the motto “Timur” (in watercolor).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The second prize (600 rubles) went to N. IN. Vasiliev under the motto “Arabesques”.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The projects “Jami”, “Samarkand”, “Timur” (pen) and “2596.75” were also recommended.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Preference was given to the projects of Nikolai Vasilyevich Vasiliev, civil engineer and architect artist, graduate of the Emperor Nicholas I Institute of Civil Engineers (now St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering) and the Higher Art School at the Imperial Academy of Arts.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Vasiliev revised the projects of the mosque and developed a project for an administrative and amenity wing (ablution house), which was approved by the Technical Department of the City Council.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The work involved a Polish Muslim civil engineer Stepan Samuilovich (Samoilovich) Krichinsky, a graduate of the Institute of Civil Engineers named after Emperor Nicholas I.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The project of the mosque and the application for a permit to work on December 14, 1908 were submitted to the City Council by A. I. von Gauguin.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Academician of architecture Alexander Ivanovich von Gauguin carried out general supervision over the construction of the mosque, as he was the inspector for the construction part at the office of His Majesty.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The dome, vaults, ceilings and minarets are made of reinforced concrete.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The mosque's heating is steam, ventilation, lighting are electric.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Craftsmen worked on the mosaic design of the portal, dome and minarets in the village of Kikerino near Gatchina near St. Petersburg, where the workshops of the Geldvein Art and Ceramic Production were located Vaulin”.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The work was commissioned by Pyotr Kuzmich Vaulin.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Sketches of medallions for the facade of the building were made by Crimean Tatar Ilyas Murza Boragansky, a well-known publisher and teacher of the Faculty of Oriental Languages of the Imperial St. Petersburg University , the owner of the First Specialized, Artistic and Artistic Electric Printing House.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Calligrapher Osman Akchokrakli was involved in the work.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Over three years (by May 1, 1909), the amount in the Committee's savings account increased to 326,819 rubles [2]


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The laying of the mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The solemn laying ceremony of the mosque was timed to coincide with the 25th anniversary of the accession of the Emir of Bukhara to the throne.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In the period from July to November 1909, a pit was dug and the work of the “zero” cycle was completed.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

According to the tradition of those years, a silver plaque with an engraved commemorative text was ordered specifically for bookmark: “February 1910, 3 days in the presence of Adjutant General Sheikh Abdul-Ahad Khan, the Emir Bukharsky and other honored guests laid this mosque on the land donated to St. Petersburg Muslims by His Highness the Emir. May the believers of the Most High praise this for the health of the main donor and all those persons who contributed to the construction of this mosque with monetary contributions or personal labor”, a silver hammer and a shovel ( trowel) and some white marble bricks.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The tool case was kept by the Committee for the Construction of the Mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The bookmark was attended by: His Highness the Emir of Bukhara, Turkish Ambassador Turkhan Pasha with members of the embassy, as Persian envoy Ali Gulikhan with the secretary of the mission Assad Khan, Orenburg mufti M. Sultanov and many others.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

representatives of the clergy, as well as the Muslim faction of the State Duma.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Among the Russian officials were Comrade of the Minister of Foreign Affairs Sazonov, Director of the Department of Spiritual Affairs of Foreign Confessions Kharuzin, Assistant Commander-in-Chief of the Staff of the Guard Troops and Infantry General von Ascheberg, retinue Major General Prince Yusupov Count Sumarokov-Elston, St. Petersburg Mayor of the retinue, Major General Drachevsky, commander Her Majesty's Crimean Regiment, adjutant wing Knyazhevich, Professor T.S.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Belelyubsky and others.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In subsequent years, the “Brief Digital Reports of the Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral Mosque” annually indicated the amounts spent on the purchase of building materials and payment for the work performed.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Kaspiy newspaper No. 27 of February 14, 1914 published a list of donors for the construction of a mosque in St. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

For the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov House, the mosque was ready in rough, the building was heated, but the interior decoration work was not completed.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The mosque was inaugurated on 22 February 1913 in the presence of Seid-Mir-Alim Khan, Emir of Bukhara (son of the late Seid Abdul-Ahad Khan) and Khan of Khiva Seid-Asfendiar-Bogadur, who arrived in St. Petersburg in connection with the celebrations.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Construction work was supposed to be completed at the end of 1914, but funding fell sharply due to the outbreak of the First World War.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In September 1915. The Committee made an unusual decision: in order to collect the amount necessary to complete the work, the mosque was opened for paid inspection.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Geldwein-Vaulin stopped ceramic production as it began producing shells.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The majolica interior decoration of the mosque (mihraba) was not finished.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

At the end of 1917, an order for the manufacture of a cast-iron fence around the territory of the mosque was placed and completed at the San Galli factory.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The project was created by S. S. Krichinsky.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Building


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The mosque is located on the Petrogradskaya side, at the corner of Kronverksky Prospekt and Konny Lane (near the Gorkovskaya metro station).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

length — 45 m


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

width — 32 m


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

the height of the main dome is 39 m


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

number of minarets — 2


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

minarets height — 48 m


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

capacity — 5000 people


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The 1st floor of the mosque is for men.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

At the end of the main hall, on the left side, there is a place for praying women on weekdays.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 2014, a wooden decorative grille was installed, designed in the style of the 2nd floor grille.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The 2nd floor of the mosque is designed for women and has two entrances (from the main hall and from the street).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In fact, this is a mezzanine (a mezzanine built into the main floor volume).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

A wide marble staircase leads to the 3rd floor of the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In fact, this is also a mezzanine built on three sides of the main hall volume.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On Fridays and holidays, there is a place for praying men.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On general weekends, there are free classes in the basics of Islam and the Arabic language.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The entrance to the mosque is from the courtyard.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Quotes from the Koran adorn the walls of the cathedral mosque outside and inside: [5]


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Medallions on the facade from Kronverksky Avenue: on the right — “Stand up for prayer”; on the left — “Allah knows your deeds.”


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The upper inscription on the portal: “Indeed, the first House established for people is the one in Becca (Mecca) as an indication of the right path and a blessing for the worlds” (Sura 3 “Rod of Imran” verse 96)


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

There is an inscription on the portal above the main entrance: “And when you finish praying, remember Allah, whether standing, sitting or lying down. And if you're safe, pray properly. Indeed, prayer was prescribed to believers and the time for its completion was indicated.” (Sura 4 “Women”, ayah 103)


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Vertical inscriptions in the openings between the doors: “Allah, there is no God but Him, the Living, the Eternal, does not take Him naps or sleep. Whatever is in the heavens and the earth belongs to Him. Who can stand up for you before Him except at His command? He is aware of their worldly life and of their life to come, and they will not know even a little bit of his knowledge, except at his will. His throne extends in heaven and on earth, and does not make it difficult to preserve them, for he is the Most High, the Great.” (Sura 2 (“The Cow”), ayah 255)


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Above the entrance for women: “Those who have done a good deed, men and women, are believers. We will give them life and reward them with good for their deeds.” (Sura 16 (The Bees), verse 97)


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Above the entrance from the courtyard: “Enter these [gardens] in peace, without fear” (Sura 15 (Al-Hijr), verse 46)


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Cathedral mosque during the Soviet era


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On the basis of a resolution of the Executive Committee and the Council of Commissars of the Petrograd Labor Commune, on April 27, 1918, the Commissariat for Nationalities Affairs of the Petrograd Labor Commune (Petrokomnats) was established.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

All documents of the Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral Mosque were transferred to the Tatar department of the commissariat.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The chairman of the committee Davletshin wrote: “The Committee has only a capital of 11,782 rubles 68 kopecks, which it spends only on the maintenance and protection of the mosque. Debts to various persons on bills for building materials are listed with the committee for more than 100,000 rubles...” [6]


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On April 30, 1920, construction and finishing works in the cathedral mosque were fully completed.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

For the memory of descendants, two dates were posted near the doors of the main entrance: the day of laying and the day of complete completion of interior finishing works.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In May 1921, members of the Committee received an appeal to the Council of People's Commissars with a request to allow a trip to Finland to accept works ordered before the war.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

It was about granite blocks of the porch of the entrance for women and for the basement of the fence along the perimeter of the site.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The construction of the porch was completed at the end of 1921, and the cast-iron grate was installed on a granite basement on a brick foundation in 1923.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In August 1921. The Petrograd Department for Registration of Societies and Unions demanded the re-registration of Muslim society at the Petrograd Cathedral Mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The responsible leaders of the registered Muslim society were: Musa Bigeev, Lutfulla Iskhakov, Samigulla Akhtyamov, Fatih Yunusov, Safa Arifullin and Mukhammed-Alim Maksutov.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Society, in the presence of the “Charter of the Muslim Society at the Petrograd Cathedral Mosque”, was registered on October 8, 1921. In December, the authorities decided to close the society.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

To lead the mosque, it was necessary for the general meeting of parishioners on December 30, 1921 to elect a committee of 20 people (twenty), which included M. Bigeev, L. Iskhakov, M.-A.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Maksutov et al.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The agreement on the transfer of the cathedral mosque for free use to the Muslim community was signed on October 27, 1927, and a year and a half later, under the “Act of Control and Technical Inspection of the Cathedral Mosque”, the twenty ordered to paint the roof, fix pipes, central heating radiators, carry out internal plastering and painting repairs, fix the parquet floor.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In May 1928, a delegation from Afghanistan led by Amanulla Khan visited the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

An active period of activity of the most massive public organization, the Union of Militant Atheists, has begun in Leningrad.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Despite the fact that the mosque was operating in the early 1930s, the district administration provided the basement of the mosque to the Lengorplodovosch base for storing potatoes.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1936, fruits were stored in the basement of the mosque and at the same time warned the twenty that in case of non-repair, the contract for the use of the building would be terminated.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In addition to cosmetic repairs and repairs of the roof, it was necessary to restore the mosaic lining of the main portal, the upper part of the minaret towers, the dome and the main entrance.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

When Muslims renovated 70% of the square, June 10, 1940. The Leningrad City Council of Workers' Deputies adopted a resolution “On the closure of the Muslim mosque”.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In January 1941. The Department of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR reported that it does not object to the cultural use of the former mosque in Leningrad, provided that “the facades and internal architectural details are preserved.”


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In May 1941. According to the act, items of museum significance were transferred to the Museum of the History of Religion of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, and the mosque building was transferred to the Leningrad City Health Department for a warehouse of medical equipment.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

For prayer, the Tatars went to Volkovsky Prospekt to the Muslim section of the Novo-Volkovsky cemetery.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

They were arranged between graves if they were driven from the wasteland: up to 400-500 people at any time of the year on Fridays and up to 5,000 during Ramadan Bayram and Eid al-Adha.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Return of the mosque to believers


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, front-line Tatars began to apply in writing with requests to register the community and provide premises for worship.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

They went to Moscow, wrote to the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee N. S. Khrushchev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR G. M. Malenkov, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR K. E.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Voroshilov.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1949, the Tatars filed about 20 petitions to the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Council of Ministers, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Council for Religious Affairs.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1949, the building of the former cathedral mosque, at the request of Hermitage Director I. A. Orbeli was handed over to the museum to open a branch of the Hermitage in it and house a collection of works of art from Central Asia.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Tatars began to ask permission to build a prayer house with their own money or allocate other premises, for example, the empty former church of St. Stanislaus at the intersection of Soyuz Pechatnikov and The workshop.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1952. The Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council of Workers' Deputies allowed the Funeral Services Trust to provide Muslims with a room of 14 m² on the Muslim site of the cemetery to wash the dead.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1954. The Department of Architectural Affairs rejected the request of Muslims on the possibility of building a mosque near the Muslim cemetery, considering it inappropriate.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

By a resolution of the Council of Ministers of December 12, 1955, it was decided to transfer the mosque building to believers.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The first prayer took place on January 18, 1956. In October 1956, a government delegation from a Muslim country arrived in Leningrad, the first foreign guest was Indonesian President Sukarno, who had previously agreed to visit the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Repair and restoration works


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Cessation of work due to the outbreak of the First World War, the revolution and subsequent devastation, features of the northern climate, the closure of the mosque and the transformation of the building into a warehouse, shelling and bombing during the Great Patriotic War, the harsh blockade winters had a negative impact on the general condition of the premises of the cathedral mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In the mid-1930s, the first falling of facing parts from the facades of the mosque was recorded.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Tatars repeatedly repaired the roof on their own and made internal cosmetic repairs.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

By the decision of the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council of November 25, 1968, the mosque building was taken under state protection as an architectural monument.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1969, the twenty entered into a contract with the Scientific and Restoration Art Workshops under the Leningrad City Executive Committee for restoration work, but it turned out that the city did not have the necessary workshops.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1974, Muslims appealed to the Leningrad City Council with a request for assistance in the repair and received an answer: “The Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council considered your letter dated August 16, 1974 No. At present, it is not possible to satisfy your request for restoration work on the Cathedral Mosque due to the large amount of work on the urban economy.”


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1979, majolica tiles of the dome space of the mosque collapsed, then the imam-khatib of the Leningrad Cathedral Mosque Zhafyar Nasibullovich Ponchaev repeatedly drew the attention of officials of the Leningrad City Executive Committee about the emergency situation of the general building of the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In September 1980, by order of the Executive Committee of the Leningrad City Council, preparations began for the restoration of the mosque building in LenNIIproekt (9th workshop).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1984, work began on the dismantling of the majolica dome, and 12 tiles were transferred for storage to the funds of the State Museum of the History of Religion.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Specialists decided to replace ceramic majolica with construction porcelain.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The work used the glaze of the Dulevo Paint Factory (St. Likino-Dulyovo, Moscow Region).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Mikhail Nikolaevich Makarenko, a specialist of the Lenoblrestoration trust, has developed a technology for manufacturing tiles from building porcelain.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

At the end of 1988, the turret of one of the minarets was lined with tiles made of construction porcelain, and the contractor was SE Poliform.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In May 1994, the Board of Trustees was established, headed by Vatanyar Saidovich Yagya, an orientalist, doctor of historical sciences, chief adviser to the mayor, a native Petersburger.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The Board of Trustees includes: Honorary Dean of the Oriental Faculty of St. Petersburg State University, orientalist and Iranian scholar M. N. Bogolyubov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Director of the State Hermitage, M. B.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Piotrovsky — corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; R. K. Galiulin — President of Lenstroyinvest; L. K. Koshelev — Head of the Petrogradsky District Administration of the city; A. IN. Lavrukhin, head of workshop No. 9 of LenNIIproekt JSC, etc.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In May 2003, repair and restoration work was completed.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On June 23, 2003, on the eve of the Petersburg Sabantuy, the opening ceremony of the portal — the main entrance to the mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The surface of the walls in the lower part of the interior of the mosque, designed in the form of a panel, was covered by modern Turkish craftsmen with subtle floral ornaments.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

On September 27, 2012, part of the granite cladding of one of the minarets collapsed.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 2013, the imam-khatib of the Cathedral Mosque, Ravil-Hazrat Pancheev, insisted on conducting a survey of the condition of the minaret and the entire building.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Specialists of KGIOP, headed by its chairman Alexander Makarov, came to the conclusion that financing for restoration work had begun and a tender was announced.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In autumn 2013 Profile LLC has started repair work, and the work was completed in November 2015.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The imams of the cathedral mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The mosque was to become the legal successor of the existing parishes.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

By the time the construction work was completed, the akhuns of the 1st and 2nd parishes, who were members of the Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral Mosque, had died.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Ataulla Bayazitov died in 1911, Muhammed-Zarif Yunusov died in 1914. Akhun Yunusov's eldest son was mobilized to the front of the 1st World War, and Akhun Bayazitov's son, Muhammed-Safa Bayazitov, was approved by the Orenburg mufti.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Bigeev Musa Yarullovich (1873—1949) — in June 1917 he was elected akhun of the 1st Muslim parish and imam-khatib of the cathedral mosque of Petrograd, and arrested in 1923.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Khalikov Yakub, since 1923, imam of the cathedral mosque and the 1st parish (makhalla), a native of D. The clavicles of the Nizhny Novgorod province, previously served as an imam in Vologda.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

He was arrested on the night of February 15-16, 1931 together with seven members of the twenty: Baimashev Abdulla, Bagmanov Mukhamedkhan, Lukmanov Iskhak, Saderdinov Yarula, Sadskov Khasyan, Salovatov Khusain and Mustafa.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Kamaletdin Basyrov, an imam of the cathedral mosque and the 2nd parish (makhalla) since 1923, is also a native of D. The clavicles of the Nizhny Novgorod province, previously served as an imam in Kursk.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

He was arrested on the night of February 15-16, 1931 simultaneously with Imam Khalikov and members of the twenty.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

A. Bulotov — Chairman of the Twenty in 1933.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Gabdrakhman Khasanov was a temporary muezzin from December 1936 to February 1, 1937.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Samigulla Akhtyamov (born in 1868 —?) , the mullah of the mosque since 1937, before that, since 1914, he was a muezzin and head of the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Rafik Khusainov, a mullah, was registered on September 7, 1939 as a cult inspector as a newcomer.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Iskhakov Gaisa Iskhakovich (born in 1872 —?) , worker at the Okhta Powder Plant, in January 1940 The Central Duma was approved as a muezzin of Leningrad.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

1955 to present: [11]


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Isaev Abdulbari Nizamutdinovich (1907—1983), a native of D. The top.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Atashevo in Bashkiria.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The family of service Tatars Isaev came from the Meshchersky Territory, from where they moved to Bashkiria from the source of the Oka River in 1814.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Abdulbari Isayev graduated from the madrasah in 1926. Tyulyuganovo of the Birsk Canton of the BASSR and began his service as an imam in D. Karyavda.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1929, he was arrested for religious activities and sent to forced logging for a period of one year.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1933, he left for Kyrgyzstan with his family before the war and returned to Bashkiria.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1941 he volunteered for the front.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

He fought on the outskirts of Moscow, in the battles for Kalinin (now Tver), Torzhok, Rzhev, was wounded, and after the hospital he got to the Stalingrad Front.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

He was seriously wounded in the battle near the village of Platonovka.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

After the hospital, in 1943, he began working at the Central Duma (since 1948 — the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the European Part of the USSR and Siberia (DUMES).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

BUT..


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Isayeva was chairman of the council of the 1st Mosque of Ufa, and in 1953 he became the imam-khatib of the 2nd Mosque of Ufa.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

December 12, 1955 Abdulbari Hazrat was sent to a new service in Leningrad.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Imam Isaev had to solve major organizational issues: resettle 13 families who lived in the wing on the territory of the mosque, and carry out major repairs in the mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The popularity of Imam Isaev among parishioners, his experience and knowledge caused discontent among officials who in 1967 prepared and contributed to his removal from service.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

May 1975 to June 1980. A. Isayev was a mufti and chairman of DUMES.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In June 1980, he resigned and returned to Leningrad.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Mufti Isayev performed the Hajj three times in 1952, 1963 and 1978. He died on November 13, 1983 and was buried in the Muslim section of the Novo-Volkovsky cemetery.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Faizrakhman Sattarov (born in 1929) arrived in Leningrad from Ufa in 1967 for a period of one month, but remained an imam until 1971. F. Sattarov is a graduate of the Mir Arab Madrasah in Bukhara and studied at the Islamic Institute in Tashkent.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Previously, he served in a mosque in Kazan, then at DUMES in Ufa.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Sattarov's complex character caused a conflict with parishioners.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The G20 demanded that the Council for Religious Affairs replace the imam.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Satdyk Safiullin muezzin (myazin) headed collective prayers until 1972, before the approval of the new imam.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

The mosque was run by members of the 20.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Abdul-Hafiz Valiyevich Makhmudov (1937—2008) was appointed to serve in 1972. He came from a family of hereditary imams and was born.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

in the village of aul No. 6 of the Nazyvaevsky District of the Omsk Region.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1958 he entered the Mir-Arab madrasah in Bukhara, from which he graduated with honors in 1966. He was appointed to serve as an assistant to the imam-khatib at the mosque in Almaty. Izhevsk (Udmurtia), in 1967 he was an imam-khatib of the Izhevsk mosque, in 1968 he was transferred to the post of secretary-interpreter of DUMES (St. Ufa); in 1971 he served as executive secretary and kazya DUMES, and in 1972 he was transferred to Leningrad.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In July 1977, he was removed from office by the members of the G20.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1993, he registered Al-Fatah, a Muslim religious organization in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, opened a madrasah, published a newspaper, a member of the Council of Muftis of Russia, performed the Hajj three times in 1970, 1994 and 1998 He died on October 16, 2008 and was buried in the Muslim section of the Novo-Volkovsky cemetery.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Zhafyar Nasibulovich Ponchaev (1940—2012) was sent to serve in August 1977. Zhafyar Hazrat was born in the village of Srednyaya Yelyuzan, Gorodishchensky District, Penza Region.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1968 he entered the Mir-Arab madrasah in Bukhara, and in 1971 he continued his studies at the Islamic Institute named after M.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Imam al-Bukhari in Tashkent (first enrollment), graduated with honors, was a favorite of Rector Ishan Babakhanov (mufti).


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

After graduation, he worked as Executive Secretary of DUMES in St. Ufa.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Since 1977 he has been an imam-khatib of the Leningrad Cathedral Mosque.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

In 1991. WELL. N. Ponchaev became the imam-mukhasib of the Mukhtasib Board of the North-West Region of Russia, since 1994 the mufti of DUM of St. Petersburg and the North-West Region of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of St. Petersburg and the North - West region of Russia, rector of the St. Petersburg Cathedral Mosque, President of the Foundation for the Revival of Islam, Islamic Culture and Muslim Traditions in St. Petersburg”, Honorary Head of the Tatar National Cultural Autonomy.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

He performed the Hajj three times: 1977, 1982 and 1993. The city administration appreciated the mufti's contribution to maintaining stability in the region and his long service in Leningrad and St. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

He was awarded the Order of Friendship and the Medal of the Order “For Merit to the Fatherland” II degree, the Star of the Holy Righteous John of Kronstadt, the jubilee medals “300 Years of St. Petersburg”, “1000 Years Kazan”, “For Valorous Labor” (Republic of Tatarstan) and the Silver Star of the Legislative Assembly of St. Petersburg.


Question: What is the height of the Cathedral Mosque in St. Petersburg?

Saint Petersburg Cathedral Mosque

Mufti Zh. N. Ponchaev died suddenly on Thursday, December 27, 2012 and was buried in the Muslim section of the Novo-Volkovsky cemetery.