Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Then A. A. Popov transferred the ships to Vallejo (Mare Island), where they underwent repairs, re-equipment, and preparation for a cruising war, which cost the treasury $88,000 (approximately 130,000 rubles).


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Many crew members were also sent to Russia.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Upon completion of the repair, the ships returned to the San Francisco raid.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The squadron stayed off the American coast for a total of almost 10 months [7].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On April 23, 1864, “Gaydamak”, by order of the squadron chief, went to the Baltic via South America (July 20, after the suppression of the uprising in Poland and the establishment of control over most of territories by the Army of the Northern States, and the rest of the squadron ships were recalled to Russia).


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On May 6, the clipper entered Acapulco to replenish coal, as a significant part of the transition was made under steam due to prolonged calm.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On May 12, Gaydamak left the port, and on May 30 it entered Warmey Bay, so coal was running out again, and firewood could be taken from this bay.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

From June 26 to July 3, the clipper visited Valparaiso.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On July 18, the Haidamak entered the Strait of Magellan, but the weather did not allow them to pass, which forced the captain to walk around Cape Horn.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Cape Gaidamak itself passed by the night of July 21 and on August 12 entered the raid of Bahia (now Salvador), where it stayed until August 26 waiting for the clipper Almaz from the Atlantic Squadron of Rear Admiral S.  S. Lesovsky.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Three days later, the ships arrived in Recife, where they were waiting for a steamer with new instructions from the head of the Atlantic squadron.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After receiving them on September 1, the ships left the coast of Brazil and, having made calls at Porto Grande on September 12 and Horta on September 23, came to the Spithead raid on October 2.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On October 8, Gaidamak and Almaz left through Copenhagen to Kronstadt, where they arrived on October 23, 1864 [4] [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

As part of the Baltic Fleet


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After arrival, the clipper was visited by the head of the Maritime Ministry K. Crabbe with an inspection of the ship and crew, after which the Gaidamak was placed against the wall and disarmed for wintering [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On January 1, 1865, officers and members of the corvette crew were awarded orders and cash prizes [26].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

With the beginning of navigation in 1865, Gaidamak remained in Kronstadt.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In the same year, A. A. Peshchurov was promoted to the rank of captain of the 2nd rank, and since July 21 he was seconded to the Shipbuilding Department.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

At the end of the year, the repair of the clipper began with re-equipment at the Kronstadt Steamship Plant.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In 1866, Lieutenant Commander M. E.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Koltovsky [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

During the repair, the clipper received new steam engine boilers, and in 1867, three rifled 6-inch guns of the 1867 model were installed instead of three smoothbore “bomb” 60-pound guns [13], they also installed mine weapons — mines on folding poles, thereby the Gaydamak became the first clipper in the Imperial Navy to receive them [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On July 2-3, 1869, Gaidamak took part in the Highest Review of the Baltic Fleet on the Transund raid.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Artillery exercises took place in the afternoon.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The body of the clipper “Rider” was used as a target.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

During the demonstration of the use of mine weapons, Gaydamak attacked the old clipper with mines on folding poles.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After two attacks, he sank it.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

By the evening of the first day, all the ships that participated in the maneuvers and the imperial yacht Shtandart lined up in the roadstead.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Haydamak held a position on the right wing of the formation.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The next day, all commanders were assembled on the flagship armored frigate Petropavlovsk.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Upon returning to Kronstadt, the clipper began to be prepared for a new campaign to the Pacific Ocean [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Second voyage to the Far East


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

By the fall of 1869, a detachment of ships was formed under the command of Captain 1st Rank K. P. Pilkin as part of the Boyarin corvette, Gaidamak and Almaz clippers for travel to the Far East [27].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On October 5, “Haidamak” under the command of Lieutenant Commander M. E.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Koltovsky and the rest of the squadron ships left Kronstadt for the Pacific Ocean [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Lieutenant Elagin was appointed to the clipper to make astronomical and magnetic observations during the voyage [28].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On January 22, 1870, ships arrived in Baguia (now Salvador).


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On January 31, Almaz continued to cross the Strait of Magellan, and Gaidamak and Boyar through the Cape of Good Hope.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

From Simonstown, the Boyar was sent to Australia, and the Gaydamak, under the braid pennant of the detachment commander, went to Posyet Bay, where it arrived on May 20.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In June, Captain 1st Rank K. P. Pilkin was appointed commander of a detachment of warships in the Pacific Ocean (corvette “Boyarin”, clipper “Gaidamak”, “Vsadnik” and “Almaz”).


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On June 23, a clipper under the flag of K. P. Pilkina went to Maly Shantar Island.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On July 12, the clipper entered the Tugur Bay, before reaching the Tugursky prison due to solid ice, the clipper turned to the exit from the bay.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Then he left for Hakodate along the La Perouse Strait.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After a 10-day stay, the clipper left with an inspection of the ports of the Pacific coast of Russia.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On August 22, “Gaydamak” was on the roadstead of Nagasaki.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

At this port, K. P. Pilkin moved his braid pennant to the Horseman, and the Gaidamak went to Shanghai for repairs.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

At the end of the repair and armament, the clipper left for Melbourne on November 10 [13] [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On March 10, 1871, Gaydamak anchored in Port Phillip Bay.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

During his stay in Melbourne, on the very first day succumbed to the “gold rush” that swept Australia since the 50s of the XIX century, one non-commissioned officer and two sailors fled the ship, after which dismissal on the shore was banned.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After the search operation, the deserters were caught by local authorities, and Konstantin Pavlovich referred to the incident in the report as “intrigues of gold miners agents” [1] [29].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After official visits, the clipper left Australia on March 31.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After making a number of other visits to the ports of Oceania, he arrived in Nagasaki on May 29.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In Japan, M. E.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Koltovsky met with the new commander of a separate detachment of ships in the Pacific Ocean, Vice Admiral M. ME.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Fedorovsky.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Since June 10, Gaidamak has been seconded to the Siberian Flotilla and was placed at the disposal of Rear Admiral A. E.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Crown, based in Vladivostok.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

For four months, Gaydamak cruised between ports and posts of Russia in the Pacific Ocean, transporting military and civilian cargo, as well as IDPs.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On November 28, the clipper arrived in Nagasaki to join the squad and prepare to return to the Baltic [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On January 4, 1872, Gaydamak left Nagasaki on a course for Hong Kong.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Having replenished the coal supply, the clipper went on January 12.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

He arrived in Kronstadt on May 30 of the same year, where the ships of the practical squadron of the Baltic Fleet were stationed [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

As part of the Baltic Fleet


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On June 22, 1872, the Gaidamak went on the Tansund raid to join the squadron and participate in sailing and artillery exercises.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

As a result of the race, Gaidamak was 2 minutes faster than the flagship Petropavlovsk.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On June 29, the ships went to Kronstadt - the Gaidamak was sailing in the wake of the flagship, which is considered honorable.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On July 3, the Supreme Review by the Tsar-Emperor took place [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Since August, Gaidamak was a member of a detachment of ships of the Naval School and was sailing, after which it went to Kronstadt for the winter [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On January 22, 1873, Lieutenant Commander S. P. Tyrtov said.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In May, the ship entered the campaign, and it began to be prepared for a new voyage to the Far East [1].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Third voyage to the Far East


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On October 21, the clipper went to the Pacific Ocean again.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On September 9, 1874, Gaidamak arrived in Vladivostok, after which it wintered in Hakodate [8] [2].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

With the onset of navigation in 1875, the clipper brought to Nagasaki the Russian resident minister of the chamberlain of the court, His Imperial Highness K. IN. Struve for the exchange of instruments of ratification.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Then he moved to Vladivostok, where the clipper began preparing for an expedition to the north [30] — the clipper Gaidamak and the schooner Vostok were appointed to ensure a state monopoly on coastal trade and prevent illegal fishing by foreign vessels of whales, fish and other seafood.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

This marked the beginning of the fight against sea poachers in the Far Eastern waters of Russia [31].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In addition to cruising tasks, duties were charged with carrying out hydrographic work.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Also, by special order of K. IN. Struve, Sergei Petrovich were ordered to collect information about Russians in the Kuril Islands [30].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The work on the establishment of chronometric communication between various points of the Russian coast with Japanese and Chinese ports in the Seas of Japan, Yellow and Okhotsk was led by Lieutenant M. L. Onatsevich [13].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Also on board was the Scientific Secretary of the Siberian Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, endowed with special powers K. K. Neumann [32]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

From June 4 to 6, the transition from Vladivostok to Hakodate.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After replenishing the supply of coal and provisions, the clipper went to the port of Petropavlovsk, where he stayed from June 15 to June 25.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

From there, having overcome the most difficult ice conditions, the clipper entered the Tugur Bay, and by July 7 reached Anadyr Bay [33].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In July-August, hydrographic work was carried out in the Anadyr Bay and north of it; the first inventory of Provideniya Bay was made; the map of the mouth of the Anadyr River, compiled back in 1815 American engineer Bulkley; in Lawrence Bay, the American merchant ship Timandra was intercepted, from which alcohol was exchanged for walrus bone [13].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On August 3, Gaidamak reached the Bering Strait, on August 4 it entered the Arctic Ocean and visited the Chukotka village of Ulegen [33].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Since there was little coal left, on August 5, the commander decided not to go to Wrangel land, but to turn back.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Then the Gaidamak sailed in the Sea of Okhotsk until August 16 and on the 19th came to Bering Island, where information about local residents and their fishery was collected.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The clipper arrived at the port of Petropavlovsk on the 24th and participated in the celebrations dedicated to the 21st anniversary of the defense of Petropavlovsk, after which he went to sea again.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On August 31, the Japanese corvette Nissin-kan was met in the Sea of Okhotsk, which was attended by the Japanese and Russian commissions for the acceptance and surrender of the Kuril Islands.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The Commission was headed by N. G. Matyunin.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

At the meeting, the ships saluted each other with twenty-one volleys.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On September 10, the commission landed on Simushir Island.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

During the storm, the Japanese ship was damaged, and further planned inspections of the other islands were not carried out.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After passing along the Kuril Ridge, on September 17, the ships anchored in Hakodate Harbor [30].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

From Japan, the clipper went cruising again to the north.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

He returned to Vladivostok on October 10 [33].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

For this expedition, Lieutenant Commander S. P. On January 1, 1876, Tyrtov was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree [2].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The clipper spent the winter in 1876 in Japan, after which he returned to Vladivostok and was placed at the disposal of Rear Admiral O. P. Puzino.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Under his braid pennant, Gaydamak bypassed along the coast of Peter the Great Bay, having conducted an additional inspection of the Posyet and Strelok bays.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The second expedition of the Russian fleet to the shores of North America


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

During 1876, relations between Russia and Great Britain began to deteriorate due to Russia's support for anti-Turkish protests in the Balkans and there was a real threat of the outbreak of hostilities of the British fleet against Russia.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

For operations on the maritime communications of Great Britain, in the image of the “First American Expedition”, two squadrons were assembled and sent to the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Gaydamak” entered the Pacific detachment under the command of Rear Admiral O. P. Puzino, connected from the ships of the Pacific Ocean squadron and the Siberian Flotilla [34] [35].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The detachment began to form on October 9, 1876.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

It included: corvette “Bayan”; clipper “Vsadnik”, “Gaidamak”, “Abrek”; gunboat “Gornostay”; transport “Yaponets”; schooners “Tungus”, “Yermak”, “Vostok”.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

On October 15, most of the detachment went to San Francisco, and by December 25 they had joined in the roads of this port.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

At the beginning of 1877, the gunboat Gornostay, the Bayan corvette and the Japonets transport arrived in the US.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

According to the plan developed by Rear Admiral O. P. Puzino, the ships were supposed to bomb Vancouver, after which the Gaydamak and other clippers went to the shores of Australia and began cruising along its eastern and southeast coast [34].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The actions taken by Russia contributed to the normalization of relations between Russia and the UK, and the latter did not go into open conflict, declaring its non-interference.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

And on April 30, the commander of the detachment received instructions to leave American ports and return to normal service.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

By the summer of 1877, Gaydamak had returned to Russia [34].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Further service


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Since 1877, the clipper Gaidamak was included in the detachment of Rear Admiral O. R. Stackelberg.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In the late 1870s, the clipper was placed at the disposal of the Russian envoy of the resident minister in Japan for several years and was based in Yokohama.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

By the fall of 1880, the clipper became part of the squadron of the commander of all Russian naval forces in the Pacific Ocean, which was called the Pacific Ocean Squadron Admiral S. S. Lesovsky.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

End of service


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

After disarming in 1882, the clipper was used as a blockchain.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

By order of Admiral General No. 16 of February 16, 1885, the Varyag, Voevoda, Izumrud, Gaidamak and Gilyak sailing transport were ordered to be handed over to the Kronstadt port.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

By order of Admiral General No. 114 of October 11, 1886, Gaidamak, Sevastopol and Izumrud were excluded from the lists of ships of the Baltic Fleet for unsuitability for further service and sold for scrapping [8].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Famous people who served on the ship


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Commanders


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

lieutenant, since October 17, 1860 lieutenant commander, since 1865 captain 2nd rank Peschurov Alexey Alekseevich [36]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Lieutenant Commander Koltovsky Mitrofan Yegorovich [37] [38]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

.1878 Lieutenant Commander Sergey Tyrtov [39]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Senior officers


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

14.09.1868—06.06.1872 Lieutenant (since April 16, 1872 Lieutenant Commander) Avelan Fedor Karlovich [40]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

.1882 Lieutenant Chukhnin Grigory Pavlovich [41]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Other positions


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

.1864 navigator officer of the corps of naval navigators (KFS), warrant officer, since 1861, the KFS, second lieutenant Pashinnikov Alexander Aleksandrovich [15]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

.1863 midshipman Konstantin Nikolaevich Nazimov [42]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

11.10.1863—23.10.1864 Officer of the Watch Lieutenant Avelan Fedor Karlovich [40]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

21.04.1864—27.06.1864 officer of the watch midshipman Pyotr Nikolaevich Durnovo [7]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Undertook maritime practice (training)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

17.10.1860—04.10.1861 midshipman Durnovo Pyotr Nikolaevich [7]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

.1863—04.08.1863 midshipman Konstantin Mikhailovich Stanyukovich [43]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

—21.04.1864 midshipman Birilev Alexey Alekseevich [44]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

.1869 midshipman Virenius Andrey Andreevich [45]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

memento


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gaidamak is a bay in the western part of Vostok Bay, Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan [46].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gaidamak is the terminal cape of the Plover Spit, Provideniya Bay, the Bering Sea [47].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In 1862, Archbishop Innokenty erected an Orthodox wooden cross on the shore “in memory of the deliverance of Russian sailors from terrible danger” [12].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In 2011, an Orthodox chapel was erected next to the cross erected by the archbishop [12].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Mini|monument in Gaydamak public garden


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gaydamak is a former street of Krepizhnaya Slobodka in Vladivostok, ended with the Gaidamak ravine, also named after the clipper Gaidamak [48].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gaidamak Garden is a public square in Vladivostok, laid out after the filling of the Gaidamak ravine in 1908.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Currently, a monument to the fallen sailors of the Pacific Fleet who died in 1945 in the battles with Japan has been erected in the park [48].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gaidamak is a ground public transport stop in Vladivostok, located in the Gaidamak Garden area [48].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gaydamak — Far Eastern Railway station, Vladivostok [49].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The clipper “Gaidamak” is depicted on the reverse of a silver collection coin from the series “My Homeland is Russia”.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The obverse depicts the Vladivostok Telegraph building.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The coin was issued in 400 copies in 2013 in Hong Kong by the issuer Mega Power Hong Kong Group.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The coin diameter is 45 mm, the weight is 23 grams.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The silver sample is 999, the nominal value is 50 kopecks of the government of the Merkulov Brothers.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

The coin's designer is Irene Ter Sargsyan [50].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Drawings and plans of the clipper are stored in the RGA of the Navy [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

In visual arts


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Unknown Chinese artist — “Gaydamak” off the coast of China” (the painting is kept in the CVMM)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

artist A. YU.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Zaikin (the works illustrate the article “The Odyssey of the Clipper Gaidamak” in the magazine “Gangut” for 2009 No. 51) [1]:


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Haydamak clipper on the roads of Shanghai”


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Gaydamak in Japanese Waters”


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

artist V. AND. Shilyaev:


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Gaydamak Clipper in Zolotoy Rog Bay, 1874”, 2001, org.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m., 70 × 100 [58]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Haidamak clipper in the ocean”, 2001, org.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m., 70 × 100 [59]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Gaydamak Clipper”, 2003, org.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m., 100 × 150 [60]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Haydamak Clipper in Wrangel Bay”, 2004, org.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m., 49.5 × 64.5 [61]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Haydamak Clipper in Wrangel Bay”, 2008, org.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m., 60 × 80 [62]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Haidamak clipper in the ocean”, 2008, org.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m., 50 × 70 [63]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Gaidamak Clipper in Gulf America”, 2011, k., paste.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, 31 × 44 [64] (this work is kept in the Pacific Fleet Museum in Vladivostok)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Haydamak clipper. Pacific Fleet of Russia”, x.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

, m [65]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

“Visit of the Pacific Squadron (Gaidamak, Almaz, Vityaz) to Hong Kong” [66]


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Gangut Publishing House issued a 10×15 postcard with a reproduction of a painting by artist A. Thronya “The Clipper “Gaydamak” on the Thames. 1860” [67].


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Notes


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Literature


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Books


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Articles


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Morskoy Sbornik magazine, No. 4 — 9 of 1860


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Russian Coast: History of Geographical Names


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

RGAVMF F.410.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

RGAVMF F.17.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

RGAVMF F.870.


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

DD.2072, 8802


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Category: Ships of the First Pacific Squadron


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Category:History of Primorsky Krai


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Category:History of the Far East


Question: Who was the first captain on the Baltic Fleet clipper Gaidamak?

Gaydamak (clipper)

Category: Ships of the Siberian Flotilla


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger (January 30/February 11, 1836 — February 16/March 1 [1] 1907) was a Russian mathematician, doctor of pure mathematics, Honored Professor of the Imperial Moscow University ( 1888) [2]; author of a number of works on mechanics and geometry, founder of the geometric school of Moscow University; one of the founders of the Moscow Mathematical Society (1864), later its president (1886— 1891).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Dean of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics (1876—1878, 1880—1885), Vice-Rector of Moscow University (1878—1880).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich is also known as a botanist: he was engaged in the taxonomy of plants, wrote several significant works on the flora of Central Russia.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

For his botanical work, Zinger was awarded the title of Honorary Doctor of Botany.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger is the author of several scientific and philosophical works, a representative of the direction that later became known as the Moscow School of Philosophy and Mathematics.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

IN. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger was the elder brother of Nikolai Yakovlevich Zinger (1842—1918), astronomer and surveyor, professor, corresponding member of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, one of the leaders of the Russian geographical society.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Short biography


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Zinger was born into the family of Yakov Khristianovich Zinger, the son of a hospital manager, and Anna Vasilyevna, nee Volkova, daughter of a Moscow merchant [3] [4].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Yakov Khristianovich was a mathematics teacher, made a living by private lessons [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

When Vasily was 11 years old, his father died, leaving his widow with three children (Vasily was the eldest of the children, and Nikolai, the future astronomer, was the youngest) [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

During his father's lifetime, Vasily began to live with his paternal grandfather, Christian Ivanovich Zinger, a German who moved from Germany to Moscow in the 18th century and served for many years economist (manager) of the Golitsyn Hospital (now the Golitsyn building of the City Clinical Hospital No. 1 on Leninsky Prospekt) and received the title of hereditary nobleman for his conscientious service ( it is known that during the Patriotic War of 1812, when Napoleon's troops occupied Moscow, he remained alone in the hospital and managed to prevent its looting, and also saved what he left for storage hospital money).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Christian Ivanovich was a Lutheran, but his children (all of them were born in Moscow) and grandchildren were of Orthodox faith and from birth belonged to the Russian nobility [3] [4].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Education


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Zinger received his secondary education at the First Moscow Gymnasium.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Remembering those years later, Vasily Yakovlevich spoke about the educational system with complete disapproval, considering teaching at the gymnasium formal and boring; by his own admission, in elementary school he studied poorly and was not interested in anything.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In higher school, teaching improved, and from about the age of 15 he began to study much better, striking teachers with his excellent memory, speed of consideration and independent thinking [3] [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

He graduated from gymnasium in 1853 with the right to enter the university without an exam [7].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

After gymnasium, Zinger entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow University.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

At first, he studied there as a state student and lived in a university boarding school, but later he could not withstand the conditions of this existence and moved to his mother.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It is known that Zinger worked part-time during these years with private lessons [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Among Zinger's teachers, two professors, mathematicians and mechanics, can be distinguished — Nikolai Dmitrievich Brashman (1796—1866), the author of one of the best analytical geometry courses for his time [8 ], and August Yulievich Davidov (1823—1886), who during Zinger's studies was a professor at the Department of Applied Mathematics and taught a course in probability theory and its applications [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In the spring of 1857, Zinger graduated from Moscow University, and a year later he was left at the university for advanced training in science for two years, and after this period he was left for another year [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1862, Zinger defended his master's thesis on the topic “The Least Squares Method”, and in the same year he was elected by the Council of Moscow University to the full-time position of Associate Professor in the Department of Clean mathematics.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1867 he defended his doctoral dissertation (topic “On the movement of free liquid mass”) [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Teaching activities


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger began his teaching career in 1862 with courses in mathematical physics and light theory [9] and continued it until 1899.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Until 1871, he was Professor Extraordinary, then Ordinary, and since 1888 - Professor Emeritus of Pure Mathematics [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Over the years, Zinger gave lectures on many branches of mathematics: differential calculus, higher algebra, analytical geometry, theoretical mechanics.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger himself singled out a course in projective geometry (“synthetic” or “new” geometry): it was he who introduced this branch of mathematics at the university as an independent subject.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger's lectures were original, visual, carefully thought-out, they were well remembered, and always attracted a large number of listeners [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

An interesting observation made by Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky (1847—1921), the future “father of Russian aviation”, while studying at Moscow University (1864—1868).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Lectures on mechanics during this period were given in parallel by Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger and Professor Fedor Alekseevich Sludsky (1841-1897); Zinger's teaching of the subject was clear, geometrically clear, while while Sludsky's presentation of the material was exclusively abstract, took place only in the language of formulas, without any geometric illustrations.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zhukovsky highly appreciated both teachers, but when he became a teacher himself, he always remained a follower of Zinger's visual method [10].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In his speech in April 1908 at an evening dedicated to the memory of Vasily Yakovlevich, he said: “With his love for figurative geometric thinking, Zinger fascinated young mechanics, directing their work along the path followed by the great geometers Newton, Poinsot, Poncelet, Shawl” [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1888, Zinger translated into Russian the work of the French geometer Michel Chal (1793—1880) “Historical Review of the Origin of Geometric Methods”.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger also developed the ideas of Schall, as well as the German geometer Jacob Steiner (1796—1863) in his lectures [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger created a scientific school of Moscow geometer scientists.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It can include both Konstantin Alekseevich Andreev (1848—1921) and Alexey Konstantinovich Vlasov (1868—1922), who were engaged in projective geometry, and scientists in the field of differential geometry Boleslav Kornelievich Mlodzievsky (1858-1923) and Dmitry Fedorovich Egorov (1869—1931) [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The elegance of presentation and the depth of scientific ideas attracted many students to Zinger... One of the most important features of Zinger's lectures was that in them he attracted the attention of his listeners... guiding ideas and made it possible to clearly assimilate the difference between the inner meaning of each issue or method and those established... techniques and transformations that form the outer shell pure speculation.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Scientific and organizational activities


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Simultaneously with his teaching activities, Zinger was elected to various positions: from 1870 to 1876, he was elected secretary of the faculty three times [6], and from 1870 to 1876 he was also a member university court [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

From June 1876 to February 1878, Zinger was Dean of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

From February 1878 to March 1880, he was vice-rector of Moscow University, but in March 1880 he resigned.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In June 1880, Zinger was again elected Dean of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics and held this position until October 1885 [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary states that Zinger was “one of the most respected members of the professorial board throughout his university career” [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In March 1892, having already ceased his activities at the university for health reasons, Zinger became director of the Alexander Commercial School - this was the last position he held.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich planned to create a new school textbook on geometry, but this idea remained unrealized, as well as some of his other plans related to the school.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1898, Zinger resigned [5] [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

A passion for botany


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich spent all his youth in Moscow, far from nature (according to his own stories, he could hardly distinguish rye from oats), but after he married and began to spend his free time in his wife's estate in the village of Melekhovka, Tula Province (now Yasnogorsk District, Tula Region), he became interested in botany; first of all, this was facilitated, by his own admission, joint walks and conversations with Nikolai Nikolaevich Kaufman (1834—1870), professor of botany at Moscow University, author of the famous determinant “Moscow Flora”.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Alexander Vasilyevich, the son of Vasily Yakovlevich, later quoted his father as saying: “When I watched Kaufman collect and explore plants, when I listened to his stories, my eyes definitely opened: and grass, both the forest and the soil presented to me in a completely new light, full of the deepest interest” [11].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Gradually, this hobby grew into serious scientific studies.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1877, Zinger, together with botanist Dmitry Alexandrovich Kozhevnikov (1858-1882), began a systematic study of the flora of the Tula province.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The result of these works was the Essay on the Flora of the Tula Province (1880) [9].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In July 1882, Zinger and botanist Dmitry Ivanovich Litvinov (1854—1929, future curator of the botanical museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences for more than thirty years) explored the Galichya Gora tract — limestone rocks on the right bank of the Don River (now this territory is part of the Zadonsky District of the Lipetsk Region).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger and Litvinov, according to the memoirs of the local forester, were going to stay here only half a day, but what they saw changed their plans, and they were delayed.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Litvinov's diary shows that he and Zinger carefully explored the mountain, and “... a few days later, on the way back, we... went around [the mountain] again and then drove down the Don. We did not take everything with us, but the most interesting ones. Zinger recorded the rest... In the following years, Zinger and I visited the mountain several times, at different times of the year.”


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

They discovered plants uncharacteristic of the East European Plain, including 17 species that were previously known only from findings in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Mediterranean, Caucasus, Altai and Siberia, including Podolskaya sheverekia, Don cinquefoil, steppe boner, Gmelin's beetroot, two-spikelet conifer, sickle bupleurum, silky wormwood and Armenian wormwood, Altai bell, Siberian grits, narrow-leaved saltwort, whole clematis [12].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The research conducted by Zinger and Litvinov on Galichya Gora was continued by other scientists (including Vasily Zinger's son, Nikolai Vasilyevich Zinger [13]), who showed that this place belongs to the North-Don region of relict vegetation that has been preserved since the pre-glacial era.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1925, the Galichya Gora Nature Reserve was organized here [14].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Another botanist with whom Vasily Yakovlevich maintained relations was Rudolf Ernestovich Trautfetter (1809—1889), professor at the University of Dorpat; Zinger considered him one of the best experts in Russian flora [4].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In total, Zinger wrote five botanical works, including an extensive (more than five hundred pages) “Collection of Information on flora of Central Russia”.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

This work, on which Zinger worked for eight years, summarizes information on the flora of fifteen provinces, provides a list of 1,749 plant species with an indication of their distribution.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

To organize the collection of information, Zinger used an innovative technique, actively chatting with a large number of nature lovers on the ground and receiving extensive herbarium materials from them [6] [9].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

“There is no need to be a specialist in order to successfully and usefully study the domestic flora; this requires the love of work and hunting, which turns considerable and not always easy work collecting and identifying plants into his usual favorite pastime and little by little makes an experienced connoisseur out of an ordinary amateur...” he later wrote in the preface to his “Collection of Information...”. - Good guides according to local flora and cannot be until, with the help of the same amateur labor, the necessary factual material for this is collected” [15].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Herbarium V. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger, partially collected by him with his own hands, and mostly composed of collections of numerous correspondents, served as documentary material not only for himself for the “Collection of Information about flora of Central Russia”, but also to other botanists, including Pyotr Feliksovich Mayevsky (1851-1892) to compile the first edition of his Flora of Central Russia (1892).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Now this herbarium is stored in the Department of Eastern Europe at the Herbarium of Moscow University.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Subsequently, Zinger was awarded the title of Honorary Doctor of Botany by the University of Dorpat.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

This is the rarest case when one person was awarded such a high scientific degree in sciences as close as mathematics and botany [11].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

At the end of 1898, Zinger settled on his estate in the Tula province and devoted most of the remaining years of his life to studying plants [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In honor of V. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1946, a genus of cereals was named after Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger [16].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The genus is interesting because one of its representatives has an extremely low number of chromosomes (2n = 4): this is the smallest number of chromosomes that occurs in higher plants - it is known all over the world only a few of these types [17].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In honor of V. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger is also named a plant species from the genus Astragalus — endemic to the Volga region; a rare species listed in the Red Book of Russia [18].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Moscow Mathematical Society


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger was one of the organizers of the Moscow Mathematical Society.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It arose in September 1864 as a scientific circle of mathematics teachers (mostly from Moscow University), united around Professor Nikolai Dmitrievich Brashman.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The original goal of the society was to get to know each other through original abstracts with new works in various fields of mathematics and related sciences, both own and other scientists; but already in January 1866, when a request for official approval of the Company was submitted, its charter recorded a significantly more ambitious goal: “The Moscow Mathematical Society is established with the aim of promote the development of mathematical sciences in Russia”.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The Society was officially approved in January 1867 [19].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

From the very beginning, Zinger took over the duties of secretary and kept the minutes of the meetings, Brashman was elected the first president of the society, and August Yulievich Davidov was elected vice-president.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

After Brashman's death in 1866, Davidov was elected president (since the Society was officially approved only in 1867, in literature as the first president sometimes not Brashman is indicated, but Davidov [20]), Zinger is the vice-president of the Society.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1886, after Davidov's death, Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger became president of the Society; he held this post until 1891, after which he asked to resign for health reasons [6] [19].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

To publish the reports read at the meetings, the journal Mathematical Collection was organized, its first issue was published in 1866; many important works by Zinger were published in it [19].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Four years after Zinger's death, in 1911, the 28th volume of the Mathematical Collection was published, the first issue of which was dedicated to the memory of V. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger; the journal published five articles about the works of Vasily Yakovlevich in the field of mathematics, mechanics, philosophy and botany, as well as about his life and work in general [21].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Moscow School of Philosophy and Mathematics


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Zinger is one of the earliest representatives of those figures of Russian philosophical thought of the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, who are known collectively as the Moscow Philosophical mathematics school.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

This direction in philosophy arose on the basis of the Moscow Mathematical Society and was most clearly manifested in the works of Zinger's colleagues at Moscow University - professors Nikolai Vasilyevich Bugaev ( 1837—1903) and Pavel Alekseevich Nekrasov (1853—1924) [3].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The ideas of the Moscow School of Philosophy and Mathematics were aimed at resolving the classical sociological antagonisms “individual — society” and “freedom — necessity” with the help of other grounds than in positivist and materialistic sociology, namely with the help of arrhythmology (the theory of intermittent functions and sets) and probability theory, as well as special personalistic social anthropology, in by which a person was considered (according to Bugaev) as a living spiritual unit, an “independent and amateur individual” [22].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger is the author of several public speeches of scientific and philosophical content, about which the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary says that they are “equally remarkable for the depth of scientific foundations, strictly logical construction of arguments and sincerity of confessing the author's beliefs” [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger was a supporter of the ideas of Immanuel Kant, whose works he studied in the original [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

With a speech “Exact Sciences and Positivism”, Zinger spoke at a solemn event at Moscow University in 1874.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1875, at the Polytechnic Museum, he gave a lecture “On the Relation of Mathematical Knowledge to Experimental and Philosophical Sciences” [6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In another work, Misunderstandings in Views on the Foundations of Geometry, Zinger examines the views of various scientists on the foundations of geometry and expresses the opinion that reliability, certainty and accuracy these grounds cannot be shown if we are based on empiricism, that is, to recognize sensory experience as the only source of knowledge.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Empiricism, according to Zinger, can rather destroy these foundations, since they have an ideal character, a priori, independent of experience, representing in a sense integral qualities human contemplation ability [3].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1894, Zinger presented this work at the IX Congress of Russian Naturalists and Doctors [5].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Analysis with its continuous functions as a means of fighting against revolutionary theories


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Under Soviet power, this philosophical school in connection with the so-called “Industrial Party Case” (1930) and the defeat of scientific statistics (the first “wave” was after the demographic catastrophe caused by the famine of 1932—1933 years, the second “wave” - after the “wrong” census of 1937) was declared reactionary.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Here is what, for example, was written in the brochure “To the Struggle for Dialectical Mathematics” published in 1931: “This school of Zinger, Bugaev, Nekrasov put mathematics at the service of the most reactionary “scientific and philosophical worldview “, namely: analysis with its continuous functions as a means of fighting revolutionary theories; arrhythmology, which affirms the triumph of individuality and cabalism; theory probabilities as a theory of unreasonable phenomena and features; and everything in general is in brilliant accordance with the principles of Lopatin's black-hundredth philosophy — Orthodoxy, autocracy and nationality.”


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The article “Soviet Mathematics in 20 Years” published in 1938 spoke about the “negative significance for the development of science of reactionary philosophical and political trends in Moscow mathematics ( Bugaev, P. Nekrasov, etc.)” [23].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In subsequent years, the ideas of the Moscow School of Philosophy and Mathematics were practically not mentioned in Soviet literature [3].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It is characteristic that the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary contains an extensive article about V. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger, while the Great Soviet Encyclopedia does not contain an article about him at all.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

At the end of the 20th century, the ideas of N. IN. Bugaev, scientists again began to show significant interest; this is due, among other things, to the fact that many ideas of this school, as it now becomes clear, have been further developed, and representatives of this schools were one of the founders of a systematic approach in the natural sciences [3].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Experimental data itself, due to an inevitable lack of accuracy, is so pliable that it can always be adapted to non-Euclidean and any other geometry, and from this even more it is clear that the reliability of axioms can neither be confirmed nor refuted by experimental verification.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Scientific works


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger's works belong to various areas of physical and mathematical knowledge: pure mathematics, applied mathematics, mechanics (including celestial mechanics), and hydrodynamics [ 6].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Among them [5] are:


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— MOSCOW: 1862.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link)


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Constructs a third-order curve from nine given points.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— 1868.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Higher algebra.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— MOSCOW: 1874.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

About one minimum case.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— 1891.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— 1891.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Some of Zinger's botanical works


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Philosophical works


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Exact sciences and positivism.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— MOSCOW, 1874.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

On the relationship of mathematical knowledge to experimental and philosophical sciences.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— 1875.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Misunderstandings in views on the foundations of geometry.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

— MOSCOW, 1884.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Science and true knowledge should not be slaves to experience, they must dominate it and make it serve its tasks.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It is true that science should be guided not by material, but by ideal aspirations, but more precisely, that it is based not on material, but on ideal principles.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The highest qualities of science are clarity, simplicity, sincerity and conscientiousness of thought; the beacon of science is the ideal of truth.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

But science is only one of the aspects of spiritual existence and human life; the same ideal of truth is on the other sides, either as the ideal of beauty and harmony, then as the ideal of goodness and honor, truth and philanthropy; it is the same ideal, the one to which we all, without distinction in ages and positions, without distinction of views and beliefs, without distinction of merit and talents, reverently admire as an ideal of divine wisdom and love!”


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

family


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich was married three times.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

His first wife was Magdalena Ivanovna Raevskaya [3], sister of Ivan Ivanovich Raevsky (1835—1891), a landowner, public and zemstvo figure, close friend of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy [24].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger and Raevskaya got married in 1865 [3].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It is known that their family life was very happy [9].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Their sons, like their father, became prominent scientists, while, like Vasily Yakovlevich, they were engaged in botany — the eldest son professionally, and the youngest as an amateur.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The eldest son, Nikolai (1865—1923), was a taxonomist botanist, professor at the Novo-Alexandria Institute of Agriculture and Forestry (now Kharkiv State Agrarian University named after IN. IN. Dokuchaev); laureate of the V. AND. Lenin for 1928 (posthumously) [9].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Another son, Alexander (1870-1934), was a physicist, teacher; he is known as the author of many textbooks and teaching aids on physics (for example, the textbook “Elementary Physics”, which for a long time was the main a textbook at school on his topic and was reprinted 20 times between 1919 and 1931); he also wrote the book “Entertaining Botany”, published in 1927 and since then many times reprinted [9].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Interestingly, when working on his Entertaining Botany, Alexander Vasilyevich actively used Mayevsky's Flora of Central Russia [25], a book largely based on the Collection of Information on flora of Central Russia” by Vasily Yakovlevich himself [15].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It is also known about Vasily Yakovlevich's daughter, Elizaveta Vasilyevna, married Rizkina.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Sophia Andreevna Tolstaya, the wife of Leo Tolstoy, says in one of her letters to her husband that Elizaveta Vasilyevna came to visit her with her two sons.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In her diary for 1910, Tolstaya writes about her as follows: “She is not stupid and educated, but alien to her materialism and learning” [26].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

In 1888, Magdalene Ivanovna died suddenly [3].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Soon Vasily Yakovlevich married Ekaterina Alekseevna Letnikova, daughter of Alexei Vasilyevich Letnikov (1837—1888), professor at the Imperial Moscow Technical School, with whom Zinger was in his time is very friendly.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich had several children from his second marriage [3], including:


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Alexey (1892—1945), a Russian naval officer, teacher of naval astronomy, who lived in exile in France after the Civil War.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Natalia (1897—1977), Professor of Botany.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vera (1900-1993), wife of Academician Yevgeny Alekseevich Chudakov and mother of Academician Alexander Evgenievich Chudakov.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Ekaterina Alekseevna suffered from heart disease, was often ill and died in 1903.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Shortly before his death, Zinger married for the third time and began to live in Moscow again, raising his young children.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Death


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

At the end of the winter of 1907, Zinger fell ill with pneumonia and died on February 16 (March 1, New Style [1]).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

The funeral service took place at the University Church on Mokhovaya (Zinger was of Orthodox faith).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger was buried at the Vagankovo Cemetery in Moscow [6] (section 10; the corner of the site that is closer to the Church of the Resurrection of the Word).


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Professor Zinger did not gain fame for his abundance of scientific works, but for the nature of these works.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Everything he wrote, with the depth of the content, was clear, complete and concrete form.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

There are mathematical works that, once read, are remembered forever, just as a painting by a famous artist, caught a glimpse in an art gallery, is then clearly drawn in imagination.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Such works include the works of V. ME.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Zinger... His students, both mathematicians and mechanics, also tried to work in this direction... We honor the memory of a mathematician, who can rightly be called the head of the Russian geometric school.


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Memorable places


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

It is known that in the 1860s, Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger lived in Moscow in Maly Kozikhinsky Lane and in the Streshnevs' house in Kamergersky Lane, [28] and in the early 1890s - on Malaya Bronnaya Street [29].


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Notes


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Literature


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

v


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

v


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link) v


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

References


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

v


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

v


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Botanists alphabetically


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Botanists of the Russian Empire


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Graduates of the 1st Moscow Gymnasium


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Graduates of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow University


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category: 19th century mathematicians


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:20th-century mathem


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category: Mathematicians alphabetically


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Mathematicians


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Burials at the Vagankovo Cemetery


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, Moscow University


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Deans of the Imperial Moscow University


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Philosophers of the Russian Empire


Question: In which city was Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger born?

Vasily Yakovlevich Zinger

Category:Honored Professors of Moscow University


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

“Ostarbeiter” (German: Ostarbeiter - worker from the East) is a definition adopted in the Third Reich to refer to people taken out of Eastern Europe for use as free or low-paid labor force [1] (1942—1944).


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

German officials (including the direct author of the term Hermann Goering) referred to this word as “forced workers from the East” who came from Eastern Europe, including including the Ukrainian SSR, BSSR, RSFSR.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

There is another semantic understanding and use of this term: according to publications [1], this term was used by the Soviet authorities and society to refer to all citizens deported by the German authorities to the territory of the Reich in order to use them as labor.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Main region of origin


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters, for the most part, were taken out of the territory of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainians made up the bulk of these huge groups of people, among whom there were also many Belarusians, Russians and Poles, and a smaller number of Tatars [2].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Even theoretically, Jews and Gypsies were denied this status.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Nationality was also of great importance in the selection of girls: Ukrainian women were best suited to help German housewives [3].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

In most cases, young and strong adolescents (aged about 16 years) were exported, people older than this age, as a rule, were taken in smaller quantities.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

30% of Ostarbeiters were selected between the ages of 12 and 14.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

By November 1943, the age limit for the recruitment of Ostarbeiters was lowered to the threshold of 10 years [2].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters were required to wear a dark blue and white patch with the inscription “OST” [4], which informed the Germans that the person was a worker from the East and demoted them.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Labour force classification terminology


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Official documents of the Reich contain information that, at the end of the summer of 1944, 7 million 600 thousand civilians and prisoners of war had been taken by force to work on the territory of the “Great German Reich” [5].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Thus, Ostarbeiters accounted for about a quarter of Germany's total economic and productive capacity at that time [5] [6].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Between workers from abroad (literally translated from German: — Fremdarbeiter), a class system of distinction was artificially created based on the belonging of each individual person to a certain nationalities in accordance with the hierarchy of nationalities adopted by the ideology of National Socialism.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Fremdarbeiter (German: Fremdarbeiter — “foreign worker”) are workers from Scandinavia and Italy [7].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Zwangsarbeiter (German: Zwangsarbeiter - “forced worker”).


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

The category consisted of two groups:


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Militerinternirte (German: Militärinternerte — “military interned”) was mainly prisoners of war from European countries [5].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Zivilarbeiter (German: Zivilarbeiter - “civilian worker”) are mostly Poles taken for forced labor.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

They received reduced rations and wages; they had to work longer than the Germans.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

They could not use public social amenities and attend public meetings and public places (ranging from the ban on the use of transport to restaurants closed to them and churches).


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Civilian workers were prohibited from holding certain positions and were also required to wear a designation patch.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiter (German: Ostarbeiter - “eastern worker”) - were, for the most part, taken out of the territories of the occupied Ukrainian SSR, the BSSR, the RSFSR.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

They were marked “OST” and were forced to exist in conditions much more brutal than even “civilian workers”.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

They were often forced to live in special camps surrounded by barbed wire and guarded [2].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

They were a constant target of brutality and inhumanity on the part of representatives of the occupation authorities and were used, with some exceptions, as free labor.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

At the end of the war, 5 million 500 thousand Ostarbeiters returned to the USSR [5].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

History of the phenomenon


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Foreword


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

The Third Reich faced an industrial crisis as early as 1941.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

The crisis arose due to the fact that an extremely large number of German workers went to the front.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

At the same time, the demands of the state, which is waging an active war of aggression, only increased.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

To prevent a possible collapse of the Reich economy, it was decided to import into Germany people from the territories of Eastern Europe captured by the Wehrmacht and use them for the needs of the German military industry, as well as in agriculture.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

It is these workers who are called “Ostarbeiters” [4].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Recruitment and recruitment


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Soviet prisoners of war


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Soviet prisoners of war were used in large numbers, who cannot be considered Ostarbeiters — oriental workers.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Information [8] on the number of Soviet prisoners of war who were in the camps of the Supreme High Command of the German Armed Forces (OKB) and used as labor in the German economy in 1942—1945 . [8] Note: Compiled according to German accounting data stored in the Federal and Military Archives of Germany and the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (f. 500, op. 12450, d. 86), as well as materials military and historical works published in Germany.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

As of [8]:


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

The main official source of this information is reports on human losses received by archives through front-line, army associations, formations, and individual units.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Every month, the documents were analyzed at the General Staff, clarified and supplemented with materials on unaccounted losses.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

After that, the data were reported to the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief [8].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

After a thorough analysis of all sources, it was previously determined that during the war, 5 million 59 thousand Soviet servicemen, including 500 thousand, went missing and were captured. liable for military service, called up for mobilization, but captured by the enemy on the way to military units [8].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

As it turned out in further research, not all missing persons were captured.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

About 450—500 thousand people


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

of them actually died or, being seriously wounded, remained on the battlefield occupied by the enemy [10].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Volunteers from the occupied areas


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Initially, the campaign to recruit Ostarbeiters was launched in the territories occupied by Germany in January 1942.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Manpower Commissioner Fritz Saukel (German: Fritz Sauckel) was responsible for its conduct [4].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

An announcement issued to the press by representatives of the campaign read [11]:


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

When leaving for Germany, the first train was overcrowded.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

There were so many offers that the departure was postponed to January 22, when it took place [4].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainians traveling on the train in Zdolbuniv were given boiled millet from German field kitchens, and at another station they were given the same millet, but in half with mouse droppings [12].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Announcements continued to appear throughout the following months [4]:


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

— an announcement with this text was published in the Kiev newspaper on March 3, 1942.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

However, in Germany, Ukrainians were met with inhuman conditions, and the campaign for the voluntary recruitment of Ostarbeiters lost its effectiveness.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Forceful hijackings of people to Germany began to be used [4].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Subsequently, Kievans who survived the German occupation recalled [13]:


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Forced shipments


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

With the arrival on the territory of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine of news that the conditions for Ostarbeiters in Germany are far from human, the flow of volunteers soon dried up.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

As a result, the Germans began to resort to mass seizure of people by force, often using mass gatherings of people who came to church services or to attend church services as a suitable pretext for deportation actions sports competitions.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Crowds of people under the sights of assault rifles marched to trucks, which took them to the emerging trains that took them to the Third Reich.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

In fact, these signs indirectly indicated the fact that at least 40,000 Ostarbeiters died for one reason or another every month [14].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Reichskommissar Erich Koch received an order to ensure the influx of 450,000 new employees from the territory of Ukraine per year by any method.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

German documents show that the Ostarbeiter must be forced to “work to death.”


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

Despite the fact that 40 thousand Ukrainians were sent to Germany every month as Ostarbeiters, Reich Minister of Arms and Military Industry Albert Speer complained that the pace of work are shrinking.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

[15] In an internal document, Fritz Saukel demanded that the Reich Minister for Eastern Territories Alfred Rosenberg that 1 million men be expelled to the Third Reich in the next four months and of women is approximately 10,000 people a day.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

More than two-thirds of these people were sent from Ukraine.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

In all major Ukrainian cities, the German army captured young men and girls on the streets and sent them to Germany.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

One of the aspirations of the German administration was a constant decrease in the population of the captured cities, which was achieved through hunger and deportations [15].


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

On September 3, 1942, Adolf Hitler ordered 500,000 Ukrainian women to be brought to Germany in order to free German women from housekeeping.


Question: Who is the author of the term “Ostarbaiter”?

Ostarbeiters

A total of 15,000 girls were taken to Germany for household chores [15].