Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Of these, types A, B, E and, more rarely, F are pathogenic [16].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In Russia, types A, B, E. are mainly found.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Botulism pathogens are widespread in nature and live in the soil.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The bacterium multiplies and produces a toxin in the process of life.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Toxins are produced by vegetative forms.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The optimal conditions for the growth of vegetative forms are extremely low residual oxygen pressure (0.40—1.33 kPa) and a temperature regime within 28—35°C [13].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In the process of life, gas formation characteristic of most clostridia occurs (visually on canned products it is defined as “bombing” - swelling of the lid or tin can).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Warming up at 80° C for 30 minutes causes the death of vegetative forms, but its spore forms are able to survive for several hours at a temperature of 100° C [17], and falling into favorable environment, to move into vegetative forms.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

For complete destruction, fractional pasteurization-tindalization is used [18].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The bacterial toxin is resistant to pepsin and trypsin, withstands high concentrations (up to 18%) of table salt, and does not break down in products containing various spices.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is well neutralized in an alkaline medium [14].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The optimal growth of clostridia and toxin formation occur under anaerobic conditions at a temperature of 35° C.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Vegetative forms of bacteria die at 80° C for 30 minutes, when boiled (100° C) - within 10 minutes [14]


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Botulinum toxin is one of the most powerful natural poisons (the lethal dose for humans is 5—50 ng/kg body weight) [19] [20] [21].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Other botulinum toxin-producing strains, Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii, have also been described, but they are extremely rare [22].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In modern medicine, botulinum toxin is an active component of the Botox cosmetic product (also known as Dysport), which is used to smooth wrinkles and reduce sweating.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Dysport is injected subcutaneously into facial muscles.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is also used to reduce excessive muscle activity [17].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is almost impossible to get poisoning with a neurotoxin, since extremely low concentrations of poison are used in cosmetology.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

But it may happen that the toxin leads to death.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

To date, Botox is approved for clinical use in 58 countries around the world [23] [24] [25]


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

epidemiology


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The mechanism of transmission of botulism is fecal-oral or contact (for wound botulism).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The ways of transmission of the disease can be food, air-dust (with botulism of infants) or contact-household.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

At the same time, immunity does not develop after a previous illness.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The medical literature describes repeated cases of botulism in the same people [4].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Outbreaks of botulism are most often caused by toxin type A, less often by types B, C, E, F. Toxin D causes diseases only in animals and waterfowl [4].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The natural source and reservoir of the pathogen is soil, warm and cold-blooded animals that absorb Clostridium botulinum spores with water and feed [19].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The pathogen multiplies in the silt of low-flow reservoirs, silo pits, corpses of dead animals.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The pathogen produces a toxin after the death of animals when their body temperature drops to 20-25° C.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The ingestion of both vegetative forms of C. botulinum and spores into the human body usually does not cause disease, since strictly anaerobic conditions are required for the production of the toxin.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Exceptions are wound botulism (it develops when the wound is contaminated with soil, in which the conditions necessary for the germination of C. botulinum that has fallen from the soil and subsequent toxin formation are created), as well as botulism of newborns under 6 months of age, in the intestines of which C. botulinum can also multiply and toxin formation due to the characteristics of the intestinal microflora.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Toxin poisoning is possible only when consuming foods in which, under anaerobic conditions, the pathogen multiplied and the toxin accumulated.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Anaerobic conditions are created as a result of sealing products or oxygen consumption by aerobic flora (for example, staphylococcus).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Currently, factory-made canned food is rarely the cause of the disease.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Basically, infection occurs due to the consumption of mushrooms, vegetables, fish and home-canned meat.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

However, botulism epidemics can also occur from more unexpected sources, for example, in July 2002 in Alaska, 14 people were diagnosed with botulism symptoms after eating whale meat (muktuk, see para. Throwing cetaceans ashore), two of the victims needed a ventilator [26].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

There are other sources of poisoning, such as garlic or seasonings [27] stored in vegetable oil without acidification [28], chili peppers, poorly washed potatoes stewed in aluminum foil [29], fish homemade canning, in particular - fermented fish, dried fish and so on.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In Russia, about 50% of cases of the disease are associated with mushrooms, the second place is occupied by meat products [6].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In addition to food botulism, isolated cases of botulism are recorded in children under one year old who are bottle-fed with nutrient mixtures containing honey, and their intestinal microflora is not yet is able to effectively suppress the development of C. botulinum.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is believed that spores are introduced with dust into nectar processed by bees into honey, which is subsequently used in nutrient mixtures [6].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Sometimes the pathogen multiplies in necrotic tissue and causes wound botulism [30].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Pathogenesis and pathomorphology


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The toxin plays a leading role in the pathogenesis of botulism.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

To date, the pathogenesis of botulism has not yet been sufficiently studied, there are disagreements on the effect of the toxin on the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system and other structures.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

During normal infection, it enters the body along with food, which also contains vegetative forms of pathogens - producers of poison.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Botulinum toxin is absorbed from the mucous membrane or lungs.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Botulinum toxin is not destroyed in the stomach under the action of hydrochloric acid of gastric juice.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The most significant is the entry of the toxin through the mucous membrane of the stomach and small intestine, from where it enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body, disrupting the activity of nerve cells responsible for transmission of excitation to the muscles.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

With botulism, all cranial nerves are affected, except for the sensory nerves, such as the olfactory, visual, and pre-cochleal nerves.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

First of all, the muscles of the eyes, pharynx and larynx suffer, then the respiratory muscles.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Motor neurons of the spinal and medulla oblongata are particularly sensitive to botulinum toxin, which is manifested by the development of bulbar and paralytic syndromes.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine in cholinergic synapses, which causes the development of peripheral paralysis.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Cholinesterase activity in synapses practically does not change [3] [5] [31] [32].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Hypoxia also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of botulism.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The development of progressive acute respiratory failure is due to the inhibition of the activity of large motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord, which innervate the respiratory muscles.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Hypoxia increases with bronchial obstruction with aspiration vomit, saliva and food, which is associated with paresis of the muscles of the larynx, pharynx and epiglottis.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Due to hyposalivation, the mucous membrane of the oropharynx becomes inflamed, purulent mumps may develop due to an ascending infection.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Death usually occurs from ventilation respiratory failure and sometimes from sudden cardiac arrest.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Toxinemia causes inhibition of pentose phosphate shunt enzymes, inhibition of cellular Na+/K+ pumps and causes the development of hemic hypoxia [3] [5].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The pharmacological effect of toxins includes the binding of the H-chain to the membrane, the absorption of the toxin and the breakdown by the L-chain of the SNAP-25 protein, one of the proteins of the SNARE family, on the membrane of synaptic vesicles, which blocks the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane of the nerve end [33].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The pathogenesis of wound botulism and botulism in infants is characterized by the fact that infection occurs by spores that germinate under anaerobic conditions of the wound or due to the characteristics of the flora and enzymatic intestinal activity of infants in vegetative forms.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Gastroenteritis syndromes, infectious intoxication are absent.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

To date, the germination conditions of Clostridium botulinum spores in the gastrointestinal tract have not been studied [3] [5].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Pathological changes in botulism are nonspecific.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

They are caused by hyperemia, plethora of internal organs, cerebral edema, pinpoint hemorrhages in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Signs of impaired microcirculation in the brain are expressed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

At the same time, destructive changes in nerve cells are moderate.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Dystrophic changes appear in the vascular walls of the microcirculatory bed [4].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Clinical picture


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The incubation period lasts from several hours to 2—5 days, averaging 18—24 hours.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

With a shorter incubation period, although not always, a more severe course of the disease is observed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The clinical picture of botulism consists of three main syndromes [34]:


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

paralytic;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

gastrointestinal;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

general toxic.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Basically, the disease begins acutely with gastrointestinal syndrome (nausea, vomiting, sometimes abdominal pain, loose stools).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Vomiting and diarrhea are short, resulting from toxemia.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Then a feeling of fullness in the stomach, flatulence, constipation develop, which means that paresis of the gastrointestinal tract begins.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Neurological symptoms appear either simultaneously with gastrointestinal symptoms or after their disappearance.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The most common early signs of botulism are visual impairment, dry mouth, and muscle weakness.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Patients complain of “fog”, “net in front of the eyes”, do not distinguish nearby objects well, reading is difficult or impossible due to paresis of accommodation and double vision.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

When examined, patients are sluggish, adynamic, the face becomes mask-like.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Single or bilateral ptosis.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The pupils are dilated, sluggish or do not react at all to light; nystagmus, strabismus are possible, convergence and accommodation are disturbed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Could be mild anisocoria.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The tongue sticks out with difficulty, sometimes with tremors.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

There is a headache, malaise, body temperature, as a rule, normal, less often low-grade.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

By the end of the day, gastrointestinal hypermotility is replaced by atony, body temperature becomes normal, and the main neurological signs of the disease appear.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Muscle weakness is initially expressed in the occipital muscles, as a result of which the head hangs down and patients are forced to support it with their hands.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Due to the weakness of the intercostal muscles, breathing becomes superficial, barely noticeable.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It should be noted that with a decrease in motor activity, the sensitivity is completely preserved.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The mucous membrane of the nasopharynx is dry, the pharynx is bright red, in the epiglottal space there is an accumulation of thick, viscous mucus, at first transparent and then unclear, so sometimes patients mistakenly diagnose angina.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Botulism is accompanied by functional disorders of the cardiovascular system.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

A shift in the boundaries of cardiac dullness to the left and a significant muffling of heart sounds with an accent of tone II on the pulmonary artery are determined.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

A clinical blood test shows moderate leukocytosis with a neutrophilic shift to the left [5] [34] [35].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Recovery from botulism is slow.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

One of the earliest signs of improvement is the restoration of salivation.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Neurological symptoms gradually regress.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Full recovery of vision and muscle strength is the last to come.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The visual impairment can last for several months.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Despite the most severe neurological disorders, those who have had botulism do not have any consequences of the disease [35].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The most common complications of botulism are aspiration pneumonia, atelectasis, purulent tracheobronchitis, or combinations thereof.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is possible to develop purulent mumps.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Since botulinum toxin reduces the immune resistance of the body, complications associated with invasive methods of treatment (intubation, tracheostomy, mechanical ventilation, bladder catheterization) are dangerous.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

One of the most typical complications of the disease is serum sickness, which develops in about one in three patients treated with anti-botulinum serum.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Sometimes “botulinum myositis” occurs, when painful manifestations resembling the usual “myositis” are observed at the 2nd-3rd week of a serious illness.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

At the same time, in most cases, the calf muscles are affected.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

A critical condition for botulism is acute ventilation respiratory failure, which occurs against the background of total myoplegia and therefore may not have characteristic external signs in the form shortness of breath, psychomotor agitation.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Acute respiratory failure is the main cause of death in patients with botulism [35].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Diagnostics


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Diagnostic methods


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

General clinical diagnostic methods, such as urine tests, feces, do not have any features characteristic of botulism.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Taking into account the pronounced metabolic disorders, control of the acid-base state in dynamics is shown.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In differential diagnosis with neuroinfections, cerebrospinal fluid studies are of great importance in case of fuzzy clinical picture and unconvincing results of the toxin pH (with botulism it is not changed).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The material for bacteriological examination is the patient's feces and vomit, gastric and intestinal lavage, wound contents (with wound botulism), and suspected food.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Since it is difficult to immediately diagnose “botulism” in an adult patient, a toxin is detected in the test material.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The study is carried out on white mice.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

They are intraperitoneally injected with a liquid obtained after centrifugation of the patient's blood serum in a mixture with anti-botulinum serum types A, B, E.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The study takes 4 days.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

During this time, mice that are not protected by the type of antitoxin that causes the disease in the patient die.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Mice that have been injected with serum corresponding to the type of toxin circulating in the patient's blood remain alive [7].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Serological studies are not carried out, since the disease is not accompanied by the production of pronounced antibody titers, which is due to the small dose of the toxin that caused the damage [36].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Diagnosis criteria


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In the early days of the disease, it is very difficult to determine


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The following factors contribute to the diagnosis [7]:


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

eating food that may be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum toxin;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

no fever;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

progressive muscle weakness;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

severe hyposalivation (dry mouth);


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

bloating, stool retention;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

the presence of eye symptoms (blurred vision, mydriasis, etc.);


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

signs of respiratory failure;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

a feeling of discomfort, a change in the timbre of the voice.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Differential diagnosis


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Despite the clear clinical picture, a fairly large number of errors are made due to the fact that the disease is relatively rare, and doctors are not familiar with it enough.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Most often, instead of the diagnosis of botulism, food poisoning, cerebral circulation disorders, hypertensive crisis, encephalitis, fungal poisoning, myasthenia gravis are diagnosed [37].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The initial symptoms of the disease (gastroenteritis, gastritis, enteritis, symptoms of general intoxication) are very similar to the initial stage of salmonellosis and food gastroenteritis of staphylococcal etiology.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

But, unlike botulism, salmonellosis is characterized by a pronounced febrile reaction, watery, fetid bowel movements mixed with greenish mucus.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Food toxicoinfections of staphylococcal etiology are most often associated with the consumption of poor-quality confectionery products and are characterized by a short incubation period, a predominance symptoms of gastritis in the absence of enteric manifestations.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The severe course of botulism is characterized by a clinical picture of acute respiratory failure, while the severity of the course of foodborne toxic infections is due to both loss of water and salts, and general intoxication syndrome [37].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Differential diagnosis between botulism and encephalitis is also performed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Unlike botulism, encephalitis begins with prodromal symptoms in the form of malaise and headache, and fever is observed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Oculomotor disorders are most often caused by damage to the nuclei of the third pair of cranial nerves and are usually partial [37].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The clinical picture of botulism is sometimes characterized by a combination of symptoms similar to polyencephalitis.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The pathognomonic sign of polyencephalitis is considered to be initial drowsiness, which turns into a soporous state.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

There is often paralysis of the gaze upwards,


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, intentional tremor, conduction disorders.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Retrobulbar neuritis is considered an early symptom.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Stem phenomena can be combined with polyneuritis of the cranial nerves — damage to pairs V, VII, VIII and IX, especially in encephalopathy [37].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Treatments


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Patient treatment algorithm


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The algorithm for intensive care of patients with botulism includes [38]:


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

gastric lavage to remove toxin residues from the stomach;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

intestinal dialysis (5% soda solution);


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

antitoxic serum (type A, C, E at 10,000 ME, type B 5,000 ME);


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

parenteral administration of infusion media for the purpose of detoxification, correction of water-electrolyte and protein disorders;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

antibiotic therapy;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

hyperbaric oxygenation as a means of eliminating hypoxia;


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

treatment of complications.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

General treatment


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The treatment of botulism consists of two areas.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The first is to prevent the hypothetical possibility of toxin formation in vivo, remove the poison from the body [2] neutralize the toxin circulating in the blood.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The second is the elimination of pathological changes caused by botulinum toxin, including secondary ones [8].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

All patients and persons suspected of botulism are subject to mandatory hospitalization.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Regardless of its timing, treatment begins with washing the stomach and intestines with a 2% solution of sodium bicarbonate (soda) and siphon enemas with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution with a volume of up to 10 liters for removing the toxin that has not yet been absorbed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is advisable to wash the stomach in the first 1-2 days of the disease, when contaminated food may still remain in the stomach.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Rinsing is carried out with a probe to avoid possible aspiration of wash water, in small portions of liquid, especially in the presence of respiratory failure, so as not to cause reflex respiratory arrest [5] [6] [7] [39].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Enterosorbents (polyphepan, enterodesis, microcrystalline cellulose, etc.) are also prescribed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Daily intravenously, 400 ml of lactasol, diuretics (furosemide, lasix 20-40 mg) are administered intravenously.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is necessary to monitor compliance with the water-electrolyte balance and energy supply.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Metabolic support agents are prescribed, such as glucose-potassium-magnesium mixtures, riboxin, ATP, vitamins (mainly group B) [40].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Glucocorticoids are used as a pulse therapy that prevents allergic reactions to the administration of heterogeneous antitoxic sera.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Glucocorticoids are also used in the treatment of serum sickness [40].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Antibiotic therapy is also used in the treatment of botulism.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory processes caused by the causative agent of botulism that has entered the intestine, as well as to prevent frequent complications (pneumonia, cystitis).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

If swallowing is not disturbed, then levomycetin is prescribed 0.5 grams 4 times a day for 5 days or ampicillin at 0.75-1 grams per day.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The course of treatment is about a week, but if there is a need for antibiotic therapy again, then those antibiotics that the patient received in the first days of the disease should not be taken.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It should be noted that prescribing antibiotics can lead to intestinal dysbiosis with all its complications.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The therapeutic role of antibiotics in wound botulism is not clear.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

According to M. Merson (1973), local, oral and intramuscular administration of antibiotics did not prevent the disease in any of the 9 cases described by the author [7] [8] [40].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Antitoxic serum


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Antitoxic serums are obtained by immunizing horses with increasing doses of toxoids.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In the practice of producing antitoxic sera, calcium chloride, potassium alum, adjuvants such as Freund, tapioca are widely used.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Antitoxic serums are produced with a certain content of antitoxins, measured in international units (IU) adopted by WHO.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

For 1 IU, the minimum amount of serum that can neutralize a certain dose of toxin is taken.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The action of sera is reduced to neutralizing toxins produced by the pathogen.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Titration of antitoxic sera can be carried out by three methods — Ehrlich, Remer, Ramon [41] [42] [43] [44].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The therapeutic effect of serum consists in the formation of a non-toxic toxin-antibody complex by direct contact between botulinum toxin freely circulating in the patient's blood and serum antibodies [8].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Antitoxic serum treatment


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

For the prevention and treatment of botulism, anti-botulinum therapeutic and prophylactic antitoxic sera are used, produced as a set of monovalent or polyvalent sera.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Serum is used after mandatory determination of the patient's sensitivity to horse protein using an intradermal test.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

If the reaction is positive, the serum is administered according to absolute indications under the supervision of a physician with special precautions.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Antitoxic polyvalent serum is prescribed to patients and all persons who consumed the product that caused poisoning.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Active immunization is carried out with purified sorbed pentaanatoxin, which provides protection against botulinum toxins of types A, B, C, D, E, and sextaanatoxin.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The drugs are intended for immunization of a limited contingent of the population.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

One therapeutic dose for antitoxins type A, C, E is 10,000 ME each, type B 5,000 ME.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In mild form — on the first day — two doses, the next day one dose, each of the three types of serum A, B, C. A total of 2-3 doses per course of treatment.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Serum is administered intravenously or intramuscularly after preliminary desensitization (Rarely method).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

When administering serum intravenously, it is necessary to mix it with 250 ml of saline heated to 37° C [4] [20].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In moderate form, on the first day, 4 doses of serum of each type are administered intramuscularly with an interval of 12 hours, then according to indications.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The course of treatment is 10 doses [39].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In severe form, 6 doses on the first day, 4-5 doses on the second.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The course of treatment is 12-15 doses.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

It is administered intramuscularly with an interval of 6—8 hours [39].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

A test for sensitivity to a foreign protein is mandatory, since the antitoxic serum is heterogeneous.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

If the test is positive, then preliminary desensitization is performed (in the presence of a doctor), then the required dose of serum is administered under the guise of corticosteroids.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Various complications can occur from serum, the most dangerous of which is anaphylactic shock.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

In the second week of the disease, serum sickness may develop.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

There is an alternative to antitoxic serum — native homologous plasma (250 ml is administered 1-2 times a day) [7].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Prevention of diseases and poisoning


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The prevention of foodborne botulism is hampered by the widespread distribution of botulinum in nature and its resistance to adverse environmental conditions.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The main preventive measures against infection are to create conditions that prevent the growth and reproduction of bacterial spores and prevent the pathogen from entering food.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The latter include measures to maintain cleanliness in places where food products are prepared, which are a favorable place for the development of the causative agent of the disease [8].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Homemade canning products in hermetically sealed containers are the most dangerous for humans, since it is impossible to achieve complete destruction of Clostridium botulinum at home.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Most of all, this applies to mushrooms, because it is very difficult to wash them off particles of soil that contain botulinum spores.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Before eating canned food, it is necessary to warm the opened cans at 100° C for 30 minutes (in boiling water) to destroy the toxin.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Foods that are not subject to heat treatment, but which are a favorable place for the toxin (salted and smoked fish, lard, sausages) should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 10° C [8].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Prevention of wound botulism is reduced to primary surgical treatment of the wound [45].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Prediction


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

With early administration of anti-botulinum serum, the prognosis is favorable.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Without the use of modern methods of treatment, mortality can be 30-60%.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Death usually occurs from paralysis of the respiratory muscles and subsequent hypoxia (respiratory failure).


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Timely treatment of the disease reduces the mortality rate of the outcome to 10%, and in specialized centers - to 3-4%.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

If it is not possible to perform mechanical ventilation, 65% of patients die.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

The recovery period lasts several months and ends with a complete recovery [6].


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Notes


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Literature


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Infectious Disease Manual.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Ed.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

YU.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

IN. Lobzina.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

— SPb.: “Foliant”, 2000.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

— 932 p.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

//“Health”.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

— 1974.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

— No. 7.


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Category:Bacterial infections


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Category:Food poisoning


Question: What is the causative agent of botulism?

Botulism

Category:Diseases of the nervous system


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Christopher Eugene “Chris” O'Donnell (English: Christopher Eugene “Chris” O'Donnell, b.) is an American actor whose most famous works is the role of Robin in two parts in films Batman Forever” (1995) and “Batman and Robin” (1997).


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

O'Donnell is now starring in the series NCIS: Los Angeles, where he plays Special Agent G Cullen.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Early years


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Born in 1970 on June 26 in Winnetka, Illinois.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

The actor's mother is Julie Ann Ros von Brecht, and his father is William Charles O'Donnell, general manager of WBBM-AM and CBS radio stations.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Chris is the youngest of seven children and has four sisters and two brothers.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

He has Irish ancestry on his father's side and German on his mother's side.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

[3] The boy grew up in a religious family and attended Roman Catholic school and Loyola Academy High School in Wilmett, Illinois, from which he graduated in 1988.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

O'Donnell graduated from Boston College in 1995 with a Bachelor of Science degree in marketing.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

At the age of 13, he began working in the modeling business and appeared in several commercials, including a McDonald's commercial, where his character served Michael Jordan.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

[5] [6]


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Career


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Chris first appeared on television in 1986 on the series Jay and Mike.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

And already in 1990, at the age of twenty, he landed his first major role in Men Don't Leave, starring Jessica Lang and Joan Cusack.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Also in the early 1990s, O'Donnell starred in a number of successful films, such as Fried Green Tomatoes (1991), School Ties (1992), in which he was accompanied by Brendan Fraser, Matt Damon and Ben Affleck and Scent of a Woman (1992) starring Al Pacino.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In his last film, Chris was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor, but was overtaken by Gene Hackman with the film Unforgiven.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

O'Donnell was named one of the 12 most promising young actors of 1992 by the annual John Willis' Screen World rankings.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

After the success of Blue Sky (1994) and Circle of Friends (1995), O'Donnell starred in the science fiction film Batman Forever, where he played the role of Robin.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

He was able to beat candidates for the role such as Matt Damon, Leonardo DiCaprio, Jude Law, Ewan McGregor, Corey Feldman, Corey Hame, Toby Stevens and Scott Speedman.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

The actor was also one of the main candidates for the role of Jack Dawson in James Cameron's Titanic, but eventually the lead role went to Leonardo DiCaprio.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In 1996, Chris starred in The Camera, based on a book by John Grisham, which also features Gene Hackman and Faye Dunaway.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In 1997, O'Donnell starred in the sequel to Batman and Robin.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Despite some commercial success of the film, the film was received very poorly by critics.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

It is believed that this failure hurt Chris's career.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

[8] Initially, a spin-off about Robin starring O'Donnell was planned, but after merciless criticism of the sequel, the project was immediately frozen.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

O'Donnell hasn't acted for two years.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

He was the first to be offered the role of J in Men in Black (1997), which eventually went to Will Smith.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

But Chris rejected it, believing that the role was another newcomer, which he had already played in Batman Forever (1995) and Batman and Robin (1997).


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Robert Altman's film Wheel of Fortune (1998), The Bachelor (1999), and Vertical Limit (2000) were moderately successful.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

After the Vertical Limit, there was a four-year lull.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Many thought that the failure of Batman and Robin ruined O'Donnell's career.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

But he came back in 2004 with a very successful Kinsey tape.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In the same year, Chris appeared on the series Two and a Half Men, in an episode of “An Old Flame With A New Wick.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In 2005, O'Donnell was offered the lead role in the Fox Head Cases series.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

The show was closed as soon as it started, and only aired two episodes.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In the second and third seasons of ABC Grey's Anatomy, Chris played veterinarian Finn Dandridge and appeared in nine episodes of the show.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In 2007, Chris starred in a six-episode TNT miniseries The Office, in which he played the role of CIA agent Harvey Torriti.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

The series also features Alfred Molina and Michael Keaton.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

And in 2008, two films starring O'Donnell were released: Keith Kittredge: The Mystery of an American Girl and Max Payne.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Since 2009, O'Donnell has starred in the CBS television series NCIS: Los Angeles, a spin-off of NCIS, [11] in which he plays Special Projects agent G Cullen.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

[1] [12]


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

In 2010, Chris appeared in the sequel to the 2001 film Cats vs Dogs, Cats vs Dogs: The Revenge of Kitty Galore.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Personal life


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Chris O'Donnell is married to Caroline Fentress, a primary school teacher to whom he became engaged in December 1996.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

[8] [13] They have five children, two daughters and three sons: Lilly O'Donnell (born September 3, 1999 in New Zealand), Christopher Eugene “Chip” O'Donnell (born October 24, 2000), Charles McHugh O'Donnell (born October 24, 2000), Charles McHugh O'Donnell (born October 24, 2000) Born July 11, 2003 in Los Angeles), Finley O'Donnell (born March 24, 2006 in Los Angeles) and Maeve Francis O'Donnell (born December 10, 2007).


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

O'Donnell attends the Roman Catholic Church.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

He was named one of the 50 sexiest people of 1996 by People magazine.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

On March 5, 2015, Chris received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Colleagues on the series NCIS: Los Angeles came to congratulate him.


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

[16] [17]


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Filmography


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Notes


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

References


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Media related to Chris O'Donnell at Wikimedia Commons


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

on IMDb


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

on Twitter


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

on Instagram


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Category:American models


Question: When was NCIS: Los Angeles released?

Chris O'Donnell

Category:Boston College alumni


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

PhD works as an AI


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

I have a question, postgraduate works can be considered as AI if they were published as part of a special series Scientific works of graduate students of such a state university (I have one issue for 1964), where do the articles themselves indicate who was the supervisor?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Can there be any restrictions or anything else when using such materials and in general how to consider them, AI or not?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Taleh 21:14, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Can you give me an example?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

—Saramag 00:46, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Series “Scientific works of graduate students of Azerbaijan State University named after M. S. M. Kirov”, published in Soviet times.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

There is one article related to the culture of Dagestan, indicating the author and who is the scientific supervisor of this author.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Taleh 00:58, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

If the supervisor is an expert in this field, then I think so.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

—Saramag 05:42, 31 July 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

When registering, it is probably worth specifying a supervisor?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Taleh 08:16, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

In fact, if it was published by the University itself, and even more so in Soviet times, then the “Scientific Works of Postgraduate Students” (read “Works of Postgraduate Students on a Dissertation Topic”) definitely passed the examination, at least of their own scientific supervisor.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

For this reason, of course, they are AI and I would design the link as a regular publication.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

That is, the indication of the supervisor, IMHO, is not required.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

—Brattarb 08:35, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

They can, but they shouldn't.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

This has already been discussed and applies to any publications in general: facts from articles can be used, conclusions can only be used as a subjective opinion that requires a secondary source.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 09:00, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Could you tell me where it was discussed?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

The conclusions are the least interesting, it is the facts.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Taleh 09:34, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Depends on what the fact is.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Can I find out what article we are talking about and what is the fact and source?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

—Mechnikov (obs.) 13:01, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

It is possible, the source is indicated, the article “From the History of Literary Relations between Azerbaijan and Dagestan to the Great October Socialist Revolution”, author Dzhabrailova F. X.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

(I don't know anything about her), scientific supervisor, Professor M. D. Pashayev said.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

As for the facts, this is an article on literary criticism, of course there are references to sources, but literary works are built differently.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Taleh 13:11, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Wikipedia:Forum/#Предложение rules to eliminate the discrepancy between Russian and English texts of the VP:AI rule — Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 13:38, July 31, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Interview link


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

How to create a link to using the:Cite web template as correctly as possible?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

To make it clear who gave and who took it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Sidik from vocational schools 18:55, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link) — I think so.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 06:17, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

That is, the word “interview” will be missing from the link.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Does the format “Vasya Pupkin: “I Love Cutlets” really clearly indicate that this is an interview with Vasya Pupkin?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

And is it really necessary to clarify (rus) for our section?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

I remember there was a dispute that this could not be indicated for Russian-language sources, but none of the parties could refer to anything.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Sidik from vocational school 07:32, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

because this is like a strict requirement not to prescribe.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

But in the text of the article it will be necessary to write “according to Vasya Pupkin”, “Vasily said in an interview”, etc.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

—Saramag 07:43, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

can be added after the title: [interview].


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

But the author and copyright - Anfinogentov, Zhirkov - just quotes.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Clarification “rus.” is not necessary.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 07:49, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

You can specify through the description that this is an interview, and who took it and who gave it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

I think it's fine.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Korneevyshka 08:42, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

In general, I am thinking of creating a template:SE interview and a template:SE note in order to re-arrange links in my old articles in a single way, and generally invite others to optimize the code of their articles.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Even now, no one forbids ignoring the:Cite web template altogether, so since some discrepancy is allowed, let's try to experiment with such templates.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Sidik from vocational schools 12:06, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Why create a custom interview template?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

- Saidaziz (obs.) 13:03, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

For example, in order not to type an “interview” through description again.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

But you can make it a parameter in the general template: SE source.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

According to programming rules, repeating code should be removed into templates/procedures/functions.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Sidik from vocational school (obs.) 13:23, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

It's a questionable idea.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

There are many situations when an interview is only part of a publication, or a publication refers to an interview.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

It is easier to describe in the text “as XXX noted in an interview with YYY”.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

- Saidaziz (obs.) 14:30, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

07

Legend


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Why is there a reminder in the watch list and recent edits (H-page creation,? -suspicious edit, etc.) is called “Legend”?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Wishing Happiness Petite ₩09:57, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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wikt:legend: Legend is a collection of explanatory inscriptions and symbols for a plan, drawing, map, etc. ShinephanTom (obs) 10:01, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Result


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Thanks for clarifying this—Wishing Happiness Petty ₩10:04, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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What does Wikipedia give each of us?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Colleagues!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Each of us has our own opinion, but Wikipedia has given each of us something useful, without which we would hardly imagine our life.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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What does Wikipedia mean to you?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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:) Senior Strateg (obs) 20:54, July 28, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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For me, Wikipedia has become a place where I realize myself and learn new things, and I have learned to work much better with information and get it from impossible places.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It's also (no matter what) a place where a lot of people help each other improve the world: both in terms of helping with articles, literature for them, and even just wiki rubber surfing — it's great — Le Loy 05:53, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Recreation/the opportunity to work with interesting people/the opportunity to learn something new/the opportunity to show your product with your face.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Julia 70 (obs.) 06:10, 29 July 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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For me, Wikipedia is primarily a space where I can write about topics that interest me keenly, but that I can't do professionally in real life, that is, looking for something new.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And, of course, the ability to share personal erudition with an unlimited number of people, and without tyrant loved ones)) —Dmartyn80 (obs.) 06:20, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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A storehouse of knowledge, unusual stories and hochma)) —Saramag 07:38, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Firstly, the opportunity to implement your ideas in order to create in one (and, most importantly, accessible) place the most complete information on objects of one (or more) categories.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I used to collect information about rail transport (history, my own and others' photos), but I did not know how to show it to the benefit of people.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It was unrealistic to publish somewhere.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I tried to use forums for railway enthusiasts, but it's still not quite the same.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Honestly, I did not immediately appreciate the capabilities of Wikipedia; everything turned upside down when I found out that they wrote not only about basic concepts, but also about specific models of airplanes, trains, and weapons.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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In addition, links are made to authoritative sources.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It also calms the nerves well.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And along the way, I learn something new, interesting and useful myself.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Belov A.V.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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(obs.) 11:29, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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A grandiose experiment on the cooperation of a huge number of different people.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The experiment showed that, despite the expected and real effect of swan, crayfish and pike that is happening in some places, the final result is purely positive and creative.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Vcohen (obs.) 11:43, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Wikipedia allowed me to hone my literary talent, learn to speak scientifically and generally benefit a huge number of people, for which I am very, very grateful to her!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Senior Strateg (obs) 12:37, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Wikipedia (I'm looking primarily at the Russian and English sections) is a very convenient thing, as it allows you to find out enough information about a previously unknown or potentially difficult to access entities in a very short time (recently learned a lot about Ulan-Ude), as well as strengthen knowledge about what you are familiar with (for example, how to play the accepted queen's gambit or Sicilian).


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Brateevsky {talk} 20:11, July 29, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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To create a hyperlink here from the “Questions and Answers” section.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—DarDar 09:20, July 30, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I'm new, I've come to write an article.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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But in the process of writing and discussing, I received a lot of negative emotions, realized that there is a parallel universe here, the participants are competing for life... the very subject of the dispute (articles) exist so that participants can move up the career ladder, everything is sad, I felt like Alice (((.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I guess I'm out of luck.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I think that my article is called devoid of significance unfairly.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Kinoiskusstvo 03:30, August 1, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Kinoiskusstvo, I understand your emotions, but it's too early to judge by one article).


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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My first article was removed.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And the second one.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And I think the third one is too.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And all this was accompanied by rather malicious laughs.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Yes, I was wrong in many ways, I can see it now, but unfortunately, many Wikipedia users preferred to have fun instead of real help.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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No, there is no careerism here, such a career does nothing but hemorrhoids, believe me, and those participants who were able to make a “wikicareer”, as a rule, communicate very politely and kindly.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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But you have to have nerves of iron here.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I don't really understand how you can enjoy being on Wikipedia for a long time.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Here you have to be ready for anything, you can “fly” from anywhere and quite unexpectedly.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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If I ever took Wikipedia seriously, I can't do it right now.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It's like at an institute — as soon as you understand that you will not be physically able to do the work normally by the deadline, you start hacking, do not care about the results (otherwise the failure is more experienced), you stop investing emotionally.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Yes, the project is still growing (albeit not the way I once saw it), which is good, but I'd rather just watch it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Forest (obs.) 12:09, August 1, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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How is it that there is no careerism?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Google “wikicareerism.”


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Then you just have a character that is not squabbling, you do not feel the excitement of the victory won over your opponents, the adrenaline of walking along the edge of the EP... But you just won't go and discuss, you need to create the appearance of activity... For example, I translated a vector map in the morning just to leave this replica... And it is “unprofitable” to write articles - there is no strength left for flooding... Rozhdestvin 17:37, August 1, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Probably, for me, Wikipedia is a place where I can realize myself.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And in several areas at once.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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This is writing (improving) articles - I can share my knowledge.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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This is the cultivation of my “I”, primarily through the wording “if not me (I will write this article), then who?” And a place where people like me gather, which means I can get an adequate assessment.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Lots of things... —P.Fio ☺ 23:18, August 13, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Does Wikipedia give you?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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GIVES??? God be with you!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It “gives”, like any encyclopedia, the information you need on demand; but it is for readers.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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For editors, it's... Well, if you answer exactly the question “what gives”, it gives you the OPPORTUNITY to order the world a little.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And feel connected to the Big Case.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Not for money, but on sheer enthusiasm: as long as it exists, the project is alive.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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A lot has been written above about the unfriendly atmosphere (and it was written correctly).


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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There are two things to recommend here: avoid talking to wiki trolls (which are here) — and don't take the wiki too seriously: you're HAVING FUN here.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Don't ask for more from it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Andreik (obs.) 11:09, August 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Template: Link to ambiguity


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It's certainly DAD, but is it really necessary?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Too few participants spoke at the CG.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I repeat the question: “It only interferes with reading. Ambiguities are now highlighted, and in principle, making an edit with an insert of a template is tantamount to making an edit with a link correction or development.”


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Advisor, 21:46, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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A classic example of an article with this template is Vaudeville.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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This ambiguity is completely different, not the same as everyone else ©.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Serhio Magpie (obs.) 22:53, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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in the example given, the link is incorrect.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Such cases should not be designated as a template, but immediately resolved in one of three ways: a) remove wikification; b) make a “red” wikification (Solovyov); c) create an ambiguous article.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 08:49, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I didn't pay attention yesterday.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Judging by the story, a red link was marked with a template, and only then an article was created.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Serhio Magpie (obs.) 11:00, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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So what should this sequence of actions mean?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Why mark red links in addition?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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A useless and ugly template that does not contribute to improving articles.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 11:56, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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With the first comment, I wanted to convey the idea that the template is misleading.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Some links are marked with it, some are not, and those that have been marked may no longer be valid.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Naturally, I'm for deleting the template


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Serhio Magpie (obs.) 12:02, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Thumbs down.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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There is obvious redundancy.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Vcohen (obs.) 06:56, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Previously, it was necessary to write, otherwise there is time to deal with unnecessary statistics, but not to call harmful templates to discuss.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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In short, Wikipedia:Challenging the results #Template:Link to ambiguity.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 09:01, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Could you please clean up your arrogance?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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You can't see DN behind it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Advisor, 16:45, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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@Мастер shadows: You yourself once objected to using this forum to resolve controversial issues, I even pointed it out in the header.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Let's deal with them elsewhere.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Because you recently raised the topic of battles and conflicts and how they overshadow a constructive agenda, and this forum should ideally be free from them.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Jack, who built the house (obs.) 10:22, July 28, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And the topic here is not to solve the issue, only to find out the answer to the question “am I the only one who thinks so”.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Answers have been received — not only.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Advisor, 16:01, July 28, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Result


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Thank you all, we received an answer.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Advisor, 16:01, July 28, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Zhevodan beast


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The article Zhevodan beast is included in Project:Fiction.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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But what a fiction this is, if these are real events in the history of France, confirmed by a bunch of authoritative sources.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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This is an unsolved tragedy, but not a fiction.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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92.243.166.135 12:18, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The article is not part of the project - it was created by one of the project participants.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Saramag 12:48, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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There's a template on CO.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Igel B TymaHe (obs.) 16:00, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It's not that real.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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There's a lot of fiction in this story.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It is not known what kind of creature it is or whether it existed.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Maybe it was hungry wolves that attacked people.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Lucas 13:03, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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As I understand it, the project should include Pinocchio, Luke Sky-Walker, even mermaids, but not real events, albeit overgrown with legends and fictions — swordsmen 17:03, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The presence or absence of a project die on the CO article does not mean anything and the AI is not regulated.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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As for the (half) real wolf who decided 119 people in three years... so you know, too, many have watched aliens, some even touched them and are ready, if anything, to swear allegiance in court.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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But this does not make aliens real.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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For unusual facts, we need even harsher evidence of them.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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- Saidaziz 17:55, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It's not regulated, but that doesn't mean I can sculpt project templates wherever I want.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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These harmful templates should be abolished altogether, since almost all links to CO articles have turned blue and it is not clear due to the fact that a template was installed on the SO or there is really a discussion there.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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This discourages people from going to the CO articles, discussing them.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The messages there only respond to those who put the article on the watchlist.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Mechnikov 18:53, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Projects decide for themselves which articles to write to them.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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We also use {{Incubator, The article has been transferred to the OP}}, which does not oblige you to anything, but provides information on writing the article.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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As for navigation, yes, monitoring through a watchlist has always been more reliable.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Saramag 07:36, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Peter Bergmann case


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Dare to ask a question here.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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A few days ago, I was writing an article on the Peter Bergmann Incubator Case.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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After that, he corrected the mistakes, following the recommendations of the patrolman.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I didn't have the opportunity to go online for a couple of days, and the article was still hanging in the Incubator.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Today I found that during my absence, the same article The Peter Bergmann Case appeared in the main space, albeit with a lot of errors, without footnotes.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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During the day, this situation was corrected, and my article was recommended to be deleted.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The question is: on what grounds?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Can I save my article and delete the one I added later?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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In addition, the question arises about the feasibility of working in the Incubator - why do something there if a user writes immediately to the main space, and there everything appears Pyhanieminen (ops.) 22:05 , July 25, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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who recommended you delete the article?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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If it's not difficult, provide a link to the discussion.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Saramag 18:54, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I don't know.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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In the upper block, the inscription appeared: Administrators: delete by O8.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Pyhanieminen 19:39, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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this is the automatic operation of the {{Incubator}} template.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Saramag (obs.) 16:00, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Can I merge articles?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Add the article to the OP by specifying a link to the redirect in the description of the edits, where you can see the authors of the article in the Incubator.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And a page that was an article in Inc.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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will be a redirect where you can see the rest of the authors.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It will also be possible to put the {{Merged}} template on the CO.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Korneevyshka 20:35, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Please explain the abbreviations Pyhanieminen (obs.) 20:55, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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OP is the main Wikipedia space, that is, the place where articles are located.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Redirect is a redirect page, when you get to which you are taken to the page of this topic only with text.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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CO is the discussion page.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Please follow the internal links in my message for more information.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And take a look at the glossary.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Korneevyshka 21:14, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Thanks Pyhanieminen 07:00, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Naming ships of the German Navy


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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What is the correct name for articles about German ships?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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For example De:SMS Stettin?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Y~ruWiki (obs.) 13:23, July 24, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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There is an unaccepted rule.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It can be argued whether it reflects consensus, but in the absence of serious objections, it probably makes sense to stick to it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Deinocheirus 13:28, July 24, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The archive link gives an error


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The archive link gives an error.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Do I have this alone or is it something with the archive?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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10:32, July 23, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.0 or higher is required to display this page.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Saramag (obs.) 10:37, July 23, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Probably not the whole flash is cached due to dynamic insertion, or something is wrong with the paths in it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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If you need to pull out the content, the page file is, an example of a link to a page is.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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In firefox, the original link works.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Serhio Magpie (obs.) 11:09, July 23, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I did not add - until recently (a few days ago) the archive worked in Yandex and Explorer - i.e.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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, everything was cached.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I understand this link, interesting, everything can be downloaded to the computer, but not for me - I'm absolutely dark in this.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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12:23, July 23, 2017 (UTC) P.S. So far I wanted to check something on pages 130, 131.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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12:29, July 23, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Yes, there is a list of files of all pages, and the files are just pictures in jpg.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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If the license allows, it would be possible to collect it in pdf and upload it to our warehouse.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Pages:, —Serhio Magpie 12:32, July 23, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Thanks, I checked it out.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Can you ask for a license for a FAP?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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13:21, July 23, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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You should probably do that.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Scans fall under Commons:Template:PD-Scan, but up is possible under Commons:Template:PD-ru-Exempt.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—Serhio Magpie (obs.) 00:23, July 24, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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IMHO, you can ship an offdocument, and even this year.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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17:40, July 24, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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and why is it so official all of a sudden?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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a typical database that is usually protected.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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ShinephanTom (obs) 06:47, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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And the 26th census is also protected?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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By whom?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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13:04, July 26, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Is this 26 years old?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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it was not clear on the pages.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Then you don't have to.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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ShinephanTom (obs) 07:25, July 27, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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So am I talking about the same thing.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Who would now download... —kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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09:28, August 6, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I'll try to download and build.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Vort (obs.) 11:35, August 6, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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@Kosun: Collected by: File:List of settlements of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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pdf.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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The processing is minimal.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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If there are any problems, I will reassemble it.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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It is desirable to complete the file in the warehouse.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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— Vort (obs.) 12:17, August 6, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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There are no words... People can do it, let alone... History will not forget you.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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—kosun?!


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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15:59, August 6, 2017 (UTC)


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Population density in cards


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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I came across this in Kwajalein's article.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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Some template itself calculates the population density for the card template.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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What the reader sees: the population is indicated with an accuracy of 5 characters (in fact, there is only a five-digit number), the area is accurate to four characters.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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This is also, in fact, most likely not true: the number is probably taken from the US data 6.33 square miles (that is, three digits), and 16.39 is obtained simply by conversion


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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square kilometers.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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All right, the template doesn't have to understand that.


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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But he must understand that if he is given a ratio of two quantities with an accuracy of 4 and 5 characters, then the answer cannot be with six significant digits?


Question: How many monographs did Hasan Mammadbagir oglu Abdullayev write?

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73.193.21.45 06:29, July 23, 2017 (UTC)