Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Five ¼” felt circles are laid between the grenade and the combat charge, and one between the buckshot and the charge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In the 57 mm cartridge of the coastal rapid-fire gun, the charge is enclosed in a silk fabric cap and then inserted into the cartridge case; in addition to the ordinary cast-iron grenade and buckshot, there is a steel grenade and a steel diaphragm shrapnel.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridge designations


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Currently, in international practice, there is a more or less generally accepted nomenclature for the designation of cartridges developed by the Permanent International Commission for the Testing of Handguns weapons) (CIP).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The designation of the cartridge according to the C.I.P. method includes the caliber and length of the sleeve measured in mm, as well as the type of edge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The entry 7.62 × 54 mm R denotes a 7.62 mm cartridge with a 54 mm sleeve with a protruding rim (Rimmed).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The record 6.35 × 15 mm SR denotes a 6.35 mm caliber cartridge with a 15 mm sleeve with an annular groove and a partially protruding edge (Semi Rimmed).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

However, these designations are not always used.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

For example, in the US, Great Britain and some other countries, cartridge calibers are measured in inches (up to hundredths of an inch in the United States, up to thousandths in the UK).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

A decimal that expresses the caliber value is written without zero in the missing integer and a period is used instead of a comma.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Thus, the Colt cartridge of 0.45 inch caliber has the designation “.45” and “.450” [2].


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In everyday life, the expression “45 caliber”, “450 caliber” is often used.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The sleeve length is not specified.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In the United States, the aforementioned 7.62 mm and 6.35 mm cartridges would be designated as.30 Russian and .25 ACP, respectively.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

C.I.P. itself often uses commercial designations for cartridges in her publications, for example, .505 Mag.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Gibbs instead of 12.8×80 mm.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the same time, it should be remembered that the calibers indicated in millimeters are not always accurately converted to inches and vice versa, based on the ratio of 1 inch = 25.4 mm.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

.38 cartridges manufactured in the United States may be designated there as 9 mm rounds, but 0.38 inches are not 9 mm, but 9.65 mm.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the same time, cartridges of caliber 9 mm are sometimes denoted as.357, but 9 mm is not 0.357 inches, but 0.354 inches.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Ammunition manufacturers use the.357 designation as an individual designation for a particularly powerful 9 mm cartridge [3].


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The markings of cartridges suitable for use with weapons of a particular caliber should be obtained from the manufacturer of the weapon.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridge classification


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

By purpose


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

martial


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Signal (noise)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Singles


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Training


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Special (construction)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

By weapon type:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Rifle and machine gun (including heavy caliber)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Intermediate (including low-pulse)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Pistol guns


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Rifle guns


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Revolvers


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

By projectile type:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With an ordinary bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With a bullet of increased penetration


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Reduced bullet velocity


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With an armor-piercing bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With tracer bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With armor-piercing incendiary bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With armor-piercing incendiary tracer bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Instant Incendiary Bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With a sighting incendiary bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With an expansive bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With a bursting bullet


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Shot


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With a chemical projectile (“gas”)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With a traumatic projectile (rubber, plastic bullet or shot, salt, etc.)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Propaganda (equipped with leaflets that fall out of the projectile after it detonates in the air)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

With a special projectile (construction dowel, etc.)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

By ignition method:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Central ignition


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Ring (side) ignition


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Stilettos


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Electrically ignited


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

By type of propellant charge:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Gunpowder


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Pyrofluids


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

According to the design of the sleeve:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Sleeve with a protruding edge


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Sleeve with a non-protruding edge formed by an annular groove


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

A sleeve with a partially protruding edge formed by an annular protrusion and a groove


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Non-rimmed sleeve


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Full metal sleeve


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Composite sleeve


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Solid sleeve


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Combined sleeve (metal-plastic or metal-paper)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Caseless


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Modern treasure-loading weapons are manufactured for a specific cartridge, and not vice versa.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridge types


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The main group of cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They are designed to engage manpower and lightly armored vehicles when firing rifles, machine guns, pistols, assault rifles and other weapons.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

These are mainly the so-called central combat cartridges, that is, they have an igniter cap as an independent unit located in the center of the end of the cartridge case.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Live ammunition uses bullets of various effects (conventional, armor-piercing, incendiary, tracer), but all of them have a hard metal shell and, as a rule, a solid core.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In Russian-made weapons, cartridges of calibers 5.45 × 39 mm, 7.62 mm for various types of weapons, 9 × 18 mm are the most common; for smoothbore weapons - cartridges of 12 caliber.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Pistol cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Pistol cartridges are used in pistols, submachine guns, as well as in some revolvers.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The effective firing range is 100-300 meters (depending on the weapon and the cartridge used).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In Russia, the most common cartridge is 9 × 18 mm for the Makarov pistol, in the West and in Europe - 9 × 19 mm Parabellum with various types of bullet (armor-piercing, tracer).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In private security structures — a cartridge for service weapons 9×17 mm Kurz (.380


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Auto, 9 mm Browning Kurz).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The smallest central combat ammo ever created is the 2.7mm cartridge designed for the Hummingbird miniature pistol.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

All these cartridges have a case with a non-protruding edge formed by an annular groove.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Revolver cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The first revolvers were muzzle-loading, that is, gunpowder and a bullet were loaded into each of the chambers.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Usually, the revolver was supplemented with a lever that allowed the bullet to be sent tightly into the chamber.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The castle was a capsule.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The first revolver for a unitary cartridge was invented by the Parisian master Casimir Lefaucher in 1853. Cartridges in the Lefauche system were used hairpin.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The igniter cap in such a cartridge is located inside the cartridge case, a thin metal pin protrudes from the side of the sleeve, which transmits the trigger blow to the capsule.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Stud cartridges are installed in the drum chambers in a strictly defined position - with the stud outward, and require very careful handling.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Currently not applicable.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

A characteristic feature of revolver cartridges (for example, 7.62 × 38 mm Nagant) is the protruding edge - an annular protrusion at the base of the cartridge case.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The purpose of the rim is to hold the cartridge in the drum chamber.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Some rifle cartridges, for example, the domestic 7.62 × 54 mm R.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Intermediate cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Intermediate cartridge is a cartridge for firearms, intermediate in power between pistol and rifle cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Intermediate cartridges are used when firing from assault rifles (assault rifles), light machine guns, carbines.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In Russia, the most common 5.45 × 39 mm cartridge for a Kalashnikov assault rifle, in NATO countries - a 5.56 × 45 mm cartridge, 6.8 mm Remington SPC (6.8 × 43 mm) and 6.5 × 39 mm Grendel (6.5 × 39 mm) are considered promising.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The effective firing range is up to 300-500 meters.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The appearance of intermediate cartridges is due to the fact that by the mid-40s it became clear that pistol cartridges when firing from submachine guns have a low destructive ability at ranges above 300 m, and rifle cartridges have excess power for firing on the move and in automatic fire mode.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

All these cartridges have a non-protruding edge formed by an annular groove.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The protruding edge prevents the dense placement of cartridges in the magazine and complicates the equipment of the magazine, and also complicates the design of the reloading mechanism.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Rifle cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At first, unitary metal rifle cartridges were equipped with black black powder, had a musket caliber of 14-16 mm and a blunt bullet with a cylindrical case like 14 × 33 mm R Wenzl (Wenzl rifle ), .577 Snider (Snyder-Enfield) and 15.24 × 40 mm R (Krnk Rifle).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Then, towards the end of the century, a transition was made to 10-12 mm cartridges: such as 11 × 59 mm R Gras (Gras Rifle), .577/450 Martini-Henry (Peabody Martini Rifle), 10.75 × 58 mm R (Berdan Rifle), 11.15 × 58 mm R (Werndel rifle).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They were used mainly in single-shot rifles.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, there was a transition to rifle cartridges of reduced caliber 6.5-8 mm on more powerful smokeless gunpowder, equipped with magazine rifles and machine guns.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Currently, rifle cartridges are mainly used for firing machine guns and sniper/Marksman rifles.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Despite the fact that sniper/Marksman rifles can use machine-gun cartridges of the same caliber, the standard ammunition for them is special sniper cartridges, which have significantly better grouping.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Rifle cartridges differ from intermediate cartridges in more energy: they are able to maintain a lethal effect throughout the flight range.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the beginning of the 21st century, the armies of the world are mainly armed with four rifle cartridges:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

7.5 × 55 mm - Swiss cartridge, used only by Swiss troops, replaced by 7.62 × 51 mm NATO;


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

7.5 × 54 mm is a French cartridge, gradually replaced by NATO's 7.62 × 51 mm NATO;


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

7.62×51 mm — standard rifle ammunition of the armies of NATO, the Americas, US allies in East Asia (Japan, South Korea, etc.) and other countries;


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

7.62 × 54 mm R is a Russian cartridge distributed in the armies of the countries of the former USSR, part of the allies of the USSR in Asia and Africa.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Back in the early 20th century, almost every European country had its own exclusive cartridge, which are now produced by rare enterprises (like Prvi Partizan) as “sports”.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

List of rifle cartridges in service [4]


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Countranatronaustro-Hungary8×50 mm R MannlicherAustria/Hungary8×56 mm RArgentina7.65×53 mm ArgentinoUK7.7×56 mm rGerman Empire/Third Reich7.92×57 mmGreece6.5×54 mm Manlicher-Schenauerdani8×58 mm RItaly6.5×52 mm Manlicher-frameItaly7.35×51 mm frameItaly8×59 mm RB Bredanato7.62×51 mmNetherlands/Romania6.5×53 mm rPortugal6.5×58 mm VergueiroRussian Empire/USSR 7.62×54 mm RSerbia7×57 MMSSHA7.62×63 mmThailand8×52 mm RFinland7.62×53 mm RFrance8×50 mm R Lebel France7.5×54 mmSwitzerland7.5×55 mm Schmidt-RubinSweden/Norway6.5×55 mmSweden8×63 mmMyaponia6.5×50 mm ArisakaJapan 7.7×58 mm Arisaka


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Machine-gun cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In the interwar period, special cartridges for machine guns became widespread, especially in countries where standard rifle cartridges were too weak for use in automatic weapons.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Some countries have done this by developing specialized machine-gun cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The Dutch were the first to begin this practice, using a special 7.92 × 57 mm R since 1908.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In Japan, in 1929, a semi-flange 7.7 × 58 mm SR was approved for the Type 89 and Type 99 machine guns.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Norway adopted 7.92×61 mm in 1929, Sweden approved 8×63 mm in 1932, and Italy 8×59 mm RB Breda in 1935. [4]


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The end of World War II marked the end of the active use of these cartridges, although some were still in use for some time.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Gradually, they were all replaced by 7.62 × 51 mm NATO and 7.62 × 54 mm R.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

An example of a domestic rifle cartridge specially designed for use in machine guns is the 7.62 × 54 mm R for the ShKAS machine gun.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Geometrically, this cartridge corresponds to a rifle cartridge, but has a case with thickened walls, a reinforced attachment of the capsule and bullet.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In addition to the plant number and the year of production, the sleeves for the SHKAS were branded with the letter “Sh”.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

It was forbidden to shoot ordinary rifle cartridges from the ShKAS (they could not withstand increased loads in a super-rapid-fire machine gun), and ShKAS cartridges were suitable for rifles and conventional machine guns.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Heavy machine guns use particularly powerful cartridges with a large (usually 12.7 mm or larger) caliber: 12.7 mm, 13.2 mm, 14.5 mm and 15 mm.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Currently, the dominant position in the world is occupied by Soviet 12.7 × 108 mm, 14.5 × 114 mm and American 12.7 × 99 mm cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

These cartridges have a rim that does not protrude beyond the base of the case and formed by an annular groove.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

NATO standard cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Tumbling bullets


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Most bullets (primarily rifle and intermediate calibers), regardless of the position of their centers of mass, begin to turn (“tumble”) in the target tissues under the action of the resistance of the medium.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The tumbling of small-caliber bullets is the result of a complex set of reasons, including a certain ratio of the length and caliber of the bullet, the relative location of the center of resistance and the center bullet masses, etc. Therefore, it would be a mistake to call small-caliber bullets bullets with a shifted center of gravity and put forward this as the only explanation for their instability, especially since the displacement of the center of mass of the bullet closer to its tail, it is ballistically justified and is typical not only for small-caliber, but also for 7.62 mm bullets.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Quite often, 7.62 mm bullets lose stability in case of chest injuries with damage to the ribs, as well as after preliminary penetration of protective vests and helmets.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The uniqueness of the design of the 5.45x39 mm cartridge bullet lies in the presence of a cavity in its head part - it serves to shift the center of gravity of the bullet to the base and probably contributes to a very early loss sustainability.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

On average, the 5.45-mm bullet begins to rotate at a depth of 7 cm, but does not collapse, and the bullet of the M193 cartridge starts at a depth of 12 cm. However, when the bullet of the M193 cartridge begins to “prowl”, it collapses, forming oblong fragments due to a break along the groove on the bullet shell and the subsequent destruction of the tail of the bullet (at 5.45 mm there is no such groove cartridge).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

This leads to extensive wounds, reports of which began to appear with the beginning of the use of the M16 rifle in the Vietnam War.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In 1980, one of the deputies of the German Bundestag made a request to the Minister of Defense of Germany about the excessive lethal effect and inhumanity of 5.45-mm bullets for the AK-74 assault rifle.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

used in Afghanistan.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

This was answered that the Minister of Defense of Germany had no complaints about the Soviet 5.45-mm cartridge in this regard.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In 1981, the Soviet government received a similar request from the International Red Cross and the UN.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Based on the results of extensive comparative tests, these organizations were presented with data demonstrating that the lethal effect of 5.45-mm bullets is slightly inferior to the bullets of the 5.56 mm M193 cartridge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Numerous symposia on the damaging effect of small arms bullets did not confirm the validity of the demands to ban the 5.56 mm M193 cartridge on the basis of its inhumanity.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Moreover, surviving even a few wounds with 5.45 and 5.56 bullets is not uncommon.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Bullets of domestic cartridges, including 7.62 mm rifle and assault rifle calibers 5.45 × 39 mm and 7.62 × 39 mm, do not collapse even when firing at close range at a distance of 3 m. Foreign bullets of the 5.56 mm M193 cartridge, 5.56 × 45 mm NATO M109 cartridge, 7.62 × 51 mm NATO cartridge manufactured in Germany and Sweden are destroyed into fragments when fired at a range of up to 100 m or even more, strongly damaging tissues.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Of course, in some cases, the destruction of bullets is also possible when firing 5.45 mm cartridges when fired at close range or if a bullet hits a bone.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

But this is an inevitable tribute to the power of the shot necessary for a live cartridge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

It should be borne in mind that the similar effect of 7.62 mm bullets is significantly less than that of 5.45/5.56 mm bullets: the severity of the wound is determined not so much by the contact speed of the bullet as the amount of kinetic energy transferred to tissues and the moment of maximum transfer of this energy throughout the wound canal [5] [6] [7].


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Hunting cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Hunting cartridges are designed primarily for firing from long-barreled rifled or smoothbore weapons.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Only the.22LR cartridge can be used to fire small caliber pistols.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Hunting rifled cartridges (except .22LR)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Designed for hunting beast from rifles and carbines.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They have a cartridge case with a central combat capsule.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The bullet consists of a hard shell and a soft lead core.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The use of heat-strengthened steel, armor-piercing cores, as well as bullets of various effects (explosive, tracer) in hunting cartridges is not allowed by law.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges 7.62 × 54R (according to the army classification 7.62 × 53), .308Win (7.62 × 51), 9 × 53R, 9.3 × 64 are widely used, and many other calibers are also used.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

.22LR (.22 Hunting Cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Long Rifle)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

A low-power ring-ignition cartridge can be used for hunting small animals such as marmot, squirrels, etc., as well as for sports shooting.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The bullet of the cartridge is completely lead, sometimes there are other types of bullets.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The capsule does not exist as an independent unit - the impact composition is pressed directly into the bottom of the sleeve.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

When firing such a cartridge, the hammer does not hit the center, but the peripheral part of the bottom of the cartridge case.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Ammo for smoothbore weapons


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They have a cylindrical sleeve made of brass, paper or plastic, a central combat capsule, special bullets, shot or buckshot are used as a striking element.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

As a rule, all these elements are shellless, made of lead.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Some smoothbore bullets can stabilize in flight.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The shot and buckshot have a low effective range, as a rule, no more than 40-60 meters.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges use various gaskets and wads to prevent gunpowder from entering the shot or spilling out the shot from the cartridge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The material of gaskets and wads is cardboard, paper, etc. Polyethylene and cardboard obturators are also used in cartridges to prevent the breakthrough of powder gases and thereby increase the projectile's flight speed.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In modern factory-made cartridges, polyethylene wad containers are mainly used, cast as a whole and consisting of an obturator, a shock absorber and a container containing a shot or buckshot.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

This method of charging allows you to slightly improve the accuracy of the shot shot, and also allows you to organize the equipment of cartridges on the automatic line.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Aircraft cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Aircraft machine guns, as a rule, use the same range of ammunition as infantry.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the same time, automatic aircraft guns and machine guns have a higher rate of fire and their cartridges have a more durable design (see Fig. SHKAS).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The only exception among aviation cartridges, which have no analogues among ground ammunition, is the 12.7 × 108 mm double-bullet cartridges for the YakB-12.7 machine gun.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges for synchronized aircraft machine guns (which could be fired through an aircraft propeller) can also be considered special, which were subject to additional design requirements and which were tested under a more stringent program.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Tracer Bullet Ammo


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges, bullets in which contain a special composition that ignites from powder gases, as a result, the bullet in flight leaves a glowing trail behind it - a “track”.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They are used for shooting at night, target designation and fire adjustment.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The disadvantage of these cartridges is a strong corrosive effect (ablation) and overheating of the barrel.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

This is especially true for sniper rifle barrels.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Marking: The bullet nose is painted green.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

According to the NATO standard, the bullet color is red.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Incendiary Bullets


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

This type of cartridge contains an incendiary compound that ignites due to the deformation of the shell when a bullet hits an obstacle.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Marking: The bullet nose is painted red.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

NATO standard — blue nose.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Combined Action Cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Armor-piercing incendiary bullets (B-32)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Combine the effect of armor-piercing and incendiary bullets.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Thus, combat effectiveness is increased.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Marking: The bullet nose is painted black with a red belt.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Armor-piercing incendiary tracer bullets (BZT)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They are similar to BZ bullets, but have a cup with a tracer composition in the bottom part.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Marking: The bullet nose is painted purple.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Blank cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Blank cartridges do not have a striking element; the muzzle of the cartridge case is simply rolled (crimped with an asterisk) to prevent the powder from spilling out, or, if necessary, maintain the length of the cartridge for correct operation of automation, the bullet was replaced by an overall model made of easily destructible material (usually plastic).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Despite the absence of a striking element, blank cartridges can also be extremely dangerous when shooting at close range.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

There is evidence of injuries and deaths when firing blank cartridges [8].


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Blank cartridges in combat conditions were used for firing rifle and rifle grenades.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Special mounting cartridges are used in construction and industrial tools.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Gas cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Gas cartridges are used for self-defense when firing gas pistols or revolvers.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The purpose of gas cartridges is to release a crystalline active substance when fired at a distance of up to 3 m.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Gas cartridges are equipped with crystalline powder (crystalline active substance) of chlorobenzalmalondinitrile (CS) or chloroacetophenone (CN).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Therefore, at the bottom of the sleeves, in addition to the caliber marking, the manufacturer (SM, HS, Geco, Wadie, Sax, RWS), as well as the active substance used (CS) or (CN) are indicated.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The muzzle of the gas cartridge casings are filled with paraffin (.22 lang, 6mm); rolled up in the form of an “asterisk” (9 mm, .45 short); or have a plastic plug (8 mm, 9 mm RA, .35).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

When fired, the plastic plugs do not fly out together with the active substance, but are divided into 4 petals and remain inside the muzzle.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The plastic plugs in gas cartridges have the following color: yellow if the cartridge is equipped with CS, and blue, purple, white (depending on concentration) if the cartridge is equipped with CN.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Traumatic cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

These are cartridges that use not an ordinary metal bullet as a striking element, but a traumatic, most often rubber bullet.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Sometimes rubber bullets with a steel core are used to increase the flight range and increase the traumatic effect.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the moment, there are 2 systems of traumatic ammunition in Russia: with electric ignition and classic shock ignition of gunpowder.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges with electric ignition are used in systems of firearms without barrels, have a larger mass due to the steel core.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges with classic shock ignition are divided into single- and double-bullet cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The bullet is a rubber ball without a core, which has a low weight.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The impact of bullets from traumatic weapons depends on their type.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Caseless cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

A caseless cartridge is a cartridge that does not have a metal or hard paper sleeve, similar to a hunting rifle cartridge, as a component.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The idea of caseless cartridges appeared a long time ago.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The advantages of such ammunition are, firstly, the simplification of the operation of automation due to the absence of the need to extract the spent cartridge case, and secondly, a significant relief of the cartridge, which makes it possible to increase shooter's carried ammunition.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The disadvantages of caseless loading are the danger of self-ignition of the charge from contact with heated parts of the weapon during intensive firing (in traditional case loading, firstly, the cartridge case quite successfully isolates gunpowder from hot parts, and secondly, when released, it takes away a significant part of the heat, so that the weapon warms up more slowly), as well as problems with obturation, leading to a breakthrough powder gases into the mechanism — with traditional loading, the cartridge case inflated with powder gases successfully isolates the chamber from the rest of the structure.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The most famous model of hand-held small arms for caseless ammunition (DM11 4.7x33 mm) is the G11 assault rifle of the German company Heckler & Koch.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The development of the rifle and, accordingly, the cartridge for it began in the late 60s.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The development of the DM11 cartridge was completed by the mid-80s, while engineers solved the main problem of caseless cartridges - self-ignition of the cartridge during intensive firing.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

For this purpose, a nitramine-based propellant was developed, which had a high ignition temperature and made it possible to press cartridge blocks of arbitrary shape from it.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

However, the price for this was sensitivity to ambient temperature - at temperatures below zero Celsius, the initial velocity of the bullet fell significantly.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

A significant reduction in military spending with the end of the Cold War, which did not allow solving the problems with obturation, as well as the huge complexity and high cost of the rifle itself, led to the closure of the project in 1991 year.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In addition to the DM11, some companies have also developed weapons for caseless cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The greatest success in this area was achieved by the Austrian company Voere, releasing the Voere VEC-91 hunting rifle for a 5.7 × 27 mm UCC caseless cartridge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In addition to hand-held small arms, caseless ammunition is successfully used in artillery, where the gun is separately loaded first with a projectile, and then caps with gunpowder.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

This is called “separate cap loading”.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Silent cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges with a thick-walled cartridge case and a wad plug that provides cut-off of powder gases.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

At the time of the shot, the wad plug moves forward under the action of powder gases, pushes out the bullet, after which it rests on the narrowing and does not leave the cartridge case, locking the powder gases in it and ensuring noiselessness.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The bullet in such cartridges is subsonic, which ensures the absence of ballistic cotton.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

One of the approaches to a comprehensive solution to the problem of noiselessness assumes that only a cartridge with subsonic bullet speed can radically reduce the sound of a shot, since when fired from supersonic the speed of the bullet, even with perfect jamming of the sound of the shot, remains the sound formed by the shock wave.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges for powder tools


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridges for a powder tool are used as a source of energy to perform any work.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The most widely used are construction and installation guns used to drive steel dowel-nails into steel, concrete, brick when attaching metal structures to them.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In Russia and the world, the most common calibers of mounting cartridges are 6.8/11 and 6.8/18.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The mounting cartridges 6.8/11 and 6.8/18 are ring-ignition cartridges, consist of a sleeve with a pressed impact composition, gunpowder is poured into the sleeve, and the muzzle of the sleeve is compressed with an asterisk like blank cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Strictly speaking, the mounting cartridge can be classified as blank, but the gunpowder charge in the mounting cartridges is proportional to the intended work, in contrast to blank charges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

It should be noted that fast-burning powder is used in mounting cartridges.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Ammo is produced in several power levels, the most powerful black (or purple), followed by red, blue, green, yellow, and white.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Training cartridges


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Training cartridges or training shots for artillery pieces are made similar to combat, but completely devoid of explosive or incendiary materials - neutralized.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They are also called inert.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

They are used for training in weapons and ammunition, or for demonstration purposes.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cartridge requirements


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The main requirements for cartridges are safety in handling, for live ammunition, as well as high reliability of operation.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

To ensure the safety and standardization of weapons and ammunition, a Permanent International Commission was created, meeting in Brussels, to which Russia joined.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The requirements of the commission apply to all civilian weapons and are enshrined in law in the Russian Federation.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Most military weapons also de facto meet these requirements.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The so-called PMC (or C.I.P.) tables contain requirements for the maximum dimensions of cartridges and the minimum dimensions of the chambers for each type of cartridge, as well as the limit pressures of powder gases and methods for measuring them.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Consumer qualities are not regulated.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

In addition, cartridges must meet the following requirements:


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

For self-loading weapons, the minimum value of the maximum pressure of powder gases must not be lower than the level sufficient for the operation of the reloading mechanism.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The accuracy, that is, the dispersion when firing from rigidly fixed weapons, in a series of shots should not exceed a certain radius.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Accuracy of gunpowder weight.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The spread of mass and physico-chemical characteristics of the powder charge causes fluctuations in the maximum pressure of the powder gases from shot to shot, which increases the dispersion of bullets, and can also lead to weapon failures when shooting.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The variation in the characteristics of ignition devices also leads to fluctuations in the maximum pressure of the powder gases, and sometimes to misfires.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Armor penetration (live ammunition only).


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

It is determined by shooting at an armor plate of a certain thickness, fixed at a certain distance, sometimes at an angle.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Of a series of shots, 80 or 90% of the cores must leave through holes.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The combat qualities of a weapon — primarily its effectiveness and, to a large extent, maneuverability — are determined by the ballistic characteristics of the selected cartridge.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The design of the cartridge has a significant impact on the reliability of the weapon.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Increasing the rigidity of the bullet adversely affects the survivability of the barrel.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The accuracy of the cartridge elements manufacturing affects the effectiveness and reliability of the weapon.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

As a rule, tolerances for the dimensions of cartridges or bullets are set to an accuracy of 0.01 mm.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The control tool has an accuracy of 0.001 mm.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

The functional reliability of the weapon locking mechanisms, percussion mechanisms and the safety of ammunition handling largely depend on the accuracy of the cartridge case manufacture and its strength.


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

See also


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

List of rifled ammunition


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Literature


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Notes


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

References


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

- video


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

//world.guns.ru


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge


Question: How many types of cartridges are there for the design of the cartridge case?

Cartridge

Category:Ammo


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Tatyana Viktorovna Shevtsova (born July 22, 1969, Kozelsk, Kaluga Region, RSFSR, USSR) - Russian statesman.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation since August 4, 2010.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Full State Counselor of the Russian Federation, 1st Class, Honored Economist of the Russian Federation, Candidate of Economic Sciences.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Biography


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Tatyana Viktorovna Shevtsova was born on July 22, 1969 in Kozelsk, Kaluga Region.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

My father is a military man.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

In 1991 she graduated from the Leningrad Financial and Economic Institute named after V.I.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

N. A. Voznesensky.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

From 1991 to 2010, she worked in the tax authorities.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

She rose from a tax inspector in the Central District of St. Petersburg to the head of the Department of Largest Taxpayers of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Taxes and


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

From November 2004 to May 2010, he was Deputy Head of the Federal Tax Service (A. E. Serdyukova).


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

In this position, she oversaw the fulfillment of obligations to pay taxes by the largest taxpayers.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

In 2009, he was awarded the class rank of Full State Counselor of the Russian Federation, Class 2.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

In May 2010, she was appointed Advisor to the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Anatoly Serdyukov.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

On August 4, 2010, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Tatyana Viktorovna Shevtsova was appointed Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

He is one of the few deputy ministers who remained in office under Sergei Shoigu, who headed the Ministry of Defense of Russia in 2012.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

As Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, he oversees the organization of financial support for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

It is subordinate to the Departments of Financial Support, Financial Planning, Social Guarantees, Economic Analysis and Forecasting and Financial Monitoring of the State Defense order of the Ministry of Defense


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

In 2011, he was awarded the highest class rank of federal civil servant — Full State Counselor of the Russian Federation, 1st Class.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

She's married.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

The husband is a former military serviceman.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

She has two sons.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Awards and titles


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Order “For Merit to the Fatherland” IV degree;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Order of Alexander Nevsky (2017) — for merits in strengthening the country's defense capability and high personal performance in official activities [1]


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Order of Honor (2007);


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Order of Friendship;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal of the Order “For Merit to the Fatherland” II degree;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal “In memory of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg”;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal “For Strengthening Military Cooperation”;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal “For participation in the military parade on Victory Day”;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal “For Labor Valor”;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal “For the Return of Crimea”;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

“Colonel-General Dutov” medal;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Medal “For Strengthening the State Information Protection System” II degree;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Order of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

65th Anniversary of Kaluga Region Jubilee Medal (2009);


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Badge of distinction “For Strengthening Military Cooperation” (Belarus, 2018) [2];


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Full State Counselor of the Russian Federation, 1st Class (2011);


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Honored Economist of the Russian Federation (2006);


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Candidate of Economic Sciences;


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Certificate of Honor of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2006),


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Russian medals.


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Notes


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

References


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Category:Saint Petersburg University of Economics and Finance alumni


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Category:Deputy Ministers of Defense of Russia


Question: How many women ministers are there in the Russian government as of May 2019?

Tatyana Shevtsova

Category:Full State Councillors of the Russian Federation, 1st Class


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Nikolai Alekseevich Guryanov (May 24, 1909, Chudskie Zakhody Village, St. Petersburg Province — August 24, 2002, Ostrov-Zalit, Pskov Region) was a Russian religious figure.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Archpriest.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He is one of the most revered elders of the Russian Orthodox Church of the late 20th and early 21st centuries.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Biography


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Family and childhood


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He was born into a peasant family.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

His father, Alexey Ivanovich Guryanov, was the choir director of the church choir and died in 1914.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

His elder brother, Mikhail Alekseevich Guryanov, taught at the St Petersburg Conservatory; the younger brothers, Peter and Anatoly, also had musical abilities.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

All three brothers died in the war.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Her mother, Ekaterina Stepanovna Guryanova, helped her son in his labors for many years, died on May 23, 1969, and was buried in the cemetery of Zalit Island.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Since childhood, Nicholas served in the altar in the Church of Michael the Archangel.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

As a child, Metropolitan Veniamin (Kazansky) visited the parish.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Fr. Nikolai recalled this event as follows: “I was still a boy. Vladyka served, and I held his staff. Then he hugged me, kissed me and said, “How happy you are to be with the Lord...”


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Teacher, Prisoner, Priest


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He graduated from the Gatchina Pedagogical College, studied at the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute, from where he was expelled for opposing the closure of one of the churches.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In 1929-1931 he served as a psalm in Tosno, working part-time as a tutoring in mathematics, physics and biology.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Then he was a psalm in St. Nicholas Church in the village of Remda, Seredkinsky (now Pskov) District of the Leningrad (now Pskov) Region.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He was arrested, was in the Leningrad prison “Kresty”, and served his sentence in a camp in Syktyvkar, Komi ASSR.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

After his release, he could not obtain a residence permit in Leningrad and taught in rural schools in the Tosnensky District of the Leningrad Region.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

During the Great Patriotic War, he was not mobilized into the Red Army, as he maimed his legs while working hard in the camps [1].


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

It was located in the occupied territory.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

On February 8, 1942, he was ordained (celibacy, that is, in a celibate state) to the rank of deacon by Metropolitan Sergiy (Voskresensky), who was under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

From February 15, 1942 he was a priest.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In 1942 he completed theological courses and served as a priest at Holy Trinity Convent in Riga (until April 28, 1942).


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Then, until May 16, 1943, he was a setter at the Holy Spirit Monastery in Vilnius.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Serving in Lithuania


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In 1943-1958 he was rector of St. Nicholas Church in the village of Gegobrosty of the Panevezys Deanery of the Vilna and Lithuania Diocese.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Since 1956 he was an archpriest.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Rimma Orlova, a parishioner of this church, recalled:


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

O. Nicholas was distinguished by his extraordinary friendliness, inner kindness, which is rarely found in people.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He had a soulful voice, served in the church beautifully, beautifully, inspired, involved people in the service, he all glowed.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

O. Nicholas was extremely committed to the church.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Not being a monk, he lived stricter than a monk in everything — food, attitude to people and prayer.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

His way of life can be called truly Christian: people saw him as an example of selfless service to the Lord.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Archpriest Joseph Dzichkovsky believed that “such parishes are an oasis of Orthodox piety in Catholic Lithuania.”


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The service description issued to Archpriest Nikolai by Archbishop Alexy (Dekhterev) of Vilna and Lithuania in 1958 stated:


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

This is, without a doubt, an outstanding priest.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Although his parish was small and poor (150 parishioners), it was landscaped in such a way that it can be an illustrative example for many.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Without receiving any allowance from the Diocese, he managed to find local funds, with which he overhauled the church and brought it into a magnificent appearance.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The parish cemetery is also kept in a rare order.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In personal life — impeccable behavior.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

This shepherd is an ascetic and a prayer book.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Celibacy.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He gave his whole soul, all his strength, all his knowledge, his whole heart to the parish, and for this he has always been loved not only by his parishioners, but also by everyone who only came into closer contact with this good shepherd.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In 1951 he graduated from the Vilna Theological Seminary.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

[2] While serving in a parish in Lithuania, Fr. Nikolai continued his theological education in absentia at the Leningrad Theological Academy.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Talab Elder


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

From 1958 he served in the Pskov Diocese and was appointed rector of St.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Nicholas on Talabsk Island (Zalita) on Lake Pskov, appeared to him permanently until his death.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In 1988, he was awarded a mitra and the right to serve with the Royal Gates open to Cherub.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In 1992, he was awarded the right to serve the liturgy with the Royal Gates open to Our Father, the highest church distinction for the archpriest (excluding the extremely rare rank of protopresbyter).


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

For many years, Fr. Orthodox believers from different regions of the country came to Nikolai for advice.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The Zalitsky priest had a reputation as a wise old man.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He was called “Talabsky” or “Zalitsky” (after the former name of the island, which was renamed in Soviet times in memory of the Bolshevik activist Zalit) an elder.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

According to the author of the book about the elder Igor Izbortsev,


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The island of Orthodoxy was called a small, barely discernible and on a large-scale map, the island of Talabsk (Zalita), washed by the waters of Lake Pskov.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

For many years, ships and boats of carriers delivered pilgrims from all over the Orthodox world here, to this tiny part of the land.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The route has never changed: the big land — the island — the house of Archpriest Nikolai Guryanov... But it was here, in the cell, that the island of Orthodoxy actually began, began with him, the Zalitsky elder of his father Nicholas.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

It was this fertile island; an island that stood unshakably in the raging sea of life; an island and at the same time a ship, going the most saleable route to blissful eternity.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Hieromonk Nestor (Kumysh) recalled Fr. Nicolae says:


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

He clearly saw the past, present and future lives of his children, their inner order.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

But how carefully he treated the knowledge of man that the Lord gave him as His faithful slave!


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Knowing the whole truth about man, he did not allow a single hint that could hurt or hurt his pride.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

What a soft form he put on his edification!


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

“Take it easy,” he met a friend of mine with this advice, who did not have time to say a few words, who had learned a somewhat harsh manner of treating his wife.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

This happened often and with many: when they came for one purpose, a person left him with a revelation about himself and with a lesson that he did not expect to hear and receive at all.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

There is a story about Fr. Nikolai was asked: “Thousands of people have come to you during your life, you looked attentively into their souls. Tell me, what worries you most about the souls of modern people — what sin, what passion? What is the most dangerous thing for us right now?”


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

To this, he replied: “Unbelief”, and to a clarifying question — “Even Christians” — replied: “Yes, even Orthodox Christians. To whom the Church is not Mother, God is not the Father.”


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

According to Fr. Nicholas, a believer should be loving to everything that surrounds him.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The Izvestia newspaper published the following story about the elder in 2001:


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The reputation of a wonderworker came to him when Igor Stolyarov, who escaped from the Komsomolets nuclear submarine, found the elder.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Years later, as a sailor from Siberia who survived the terrible accident, came to Zalita.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

And he immediately recognized Father Nicholas the same elder who had appeared to him when the sailor who had got out of the hold lost consciousness in the icy waters of the Atlantic.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The gray-bearded old man called himself Archpriest Nikolai and said: “Swim, I pray for you, you will be saved.”


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

And he disappeared.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

A log appeared from somewhere, and soon the Coast Guard and rescuers arrived in time.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

(Note: The K-219 submarine crew did not include a single sailor named Igor Stolyarov. We are probably talking about midshipman Viktor Slyusarenko)


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

O. Nikolai was famous both in Russia and among Orthodox people abroad.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Thus, in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, on the shore of a forest lake, with his blessing, a hermitage was founded.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The elder also enjoyed fame and love among creative youth and intelligentsia: Konstantin Kinchev, Olga Kormukhina [3], Alexey Belov and many others.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

In addition, the elder became the prototype of the hero of the film “The Island”, where the main role was played by rock poet and musician Pyotr Mamonov.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

At Fr. Nicholas Church was attended by more than 3,000 Orthodox believers on the island.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Many admirers visit the grave of the elder.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

The Society of Zealots in Memory of the Righteous Nikolai Pskovoezersky (Nikolai Guryanov) was established.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Notes


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Literature


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Memories of the elder Archpriest Nikolai (Guryanov) /Comp.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

: G. P. Chinyakova.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— M.: Kovcheg, 2009.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— 128 p.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Love, leading to the Lord.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Elder Nikolay Guryanov/Author. -comp.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

: L. A. Ilyunina.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— 3rd ed.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— SPb., 2010.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— 128 p.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Elder Archpriest Nikolai Guryanov: Biography.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Memories.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Letters/Comp.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

: L. A. Ilyunina.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— SPb., 2011.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— 328 p.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Shlevis G. Orthodox churches in Lithuania.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

— Vilnius, 2006.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

References


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

//Orthodoxy.


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

ru


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Category:Archpriests of the Russian Orthodox Church


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Category:Elders


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Category:History of Pskov Oblast


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Category:Repressed in the USSR


Question: Was Metropolitan Nicholas born into a priest's family?

Nikolay Alekseyevich Guryanov

Category:Graduates of Saint Petersburg Theological Academy


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Valery Lobanovsky (Ukrainian: Valeriy Lobanovsky; January 6, 1939 — May 13, 2002, Zaporozhye, Ukraine) was a Soviet and Ukrainian footballer and football coach.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He is a long-term coach of Dynamo Kyiv, at the head of which he won the Cup Winners' Cup twice.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He was the coach of the USSR national team three times, with which he became the vice-champion of Europe in 1988


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Head coach of the Ukrainian national team in 2000-2001.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Colonel of Internal Service.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Master of Sports of the USSR (1960).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Honored Coach of the USSR (1975).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Chevalier of the Soviet Order “Badge of Honor” (1971) and the Red Banner of Labor (1987).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Chevalier of the Order of Ukraine “For Merit” of II and III degrees.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Hero of Ukraine (2002, posthumously) [1].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Chevalier of the UEFA Ruby Order (2002), as well as the FIFA Order of Merit, the highest award of FIFA, for his significant contribution to the development of football.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

One of the best coaches in the history of football, is one of the 50 best coaches of the last 50 years (1959—2009) by World Soccer [3], as well as one of the best coaches of the post-war period according to The Times [4].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He is one of the ten best coaches in the history of football according to World Soccer [5], Football Pantheon [6] and ESPN FC [7].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

In early 2017, UEFA named him one of the ten greatest coaches in European football since the organization's founding in 1954 [8].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Biography


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He was born on January 6, 1939 in Kiev.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

My father worked at a flour mill, and my mother was a housewife [9].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Lobanovsky's maternal uncle is Ukrainian writer Alexander Boychenko.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He studied at Kyiv school No. 39 (Krasnozvezdny Avenue, 146).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Now there is a memorial plaque there, the educational institution and the avenue itself are named after Lobanovsky.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He graduated from high school with a silver medal.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

In 1956, he entered the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, where he studied with frequent breaks until 1964, after which he wrote a petition for expulsion from the university.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He received higher education at the Odessa Polytechnic Institute [10].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Gaming career


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He was a graduate of Football School No. 1 (graduation 1952) and the Youth Football School (FSM) in Kiev (graduation 1955).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

The first coach is Nikolai Chaika.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Valeriy Lobanovsky joined the Dynamo Kyiv system in 1955, when the team recruited native Kyiv players.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

After a period of playing for the reserve team on May 29, 1959, he made his debut in the championship of the Soviet Union, in a match against CSK MO.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

As a player, he was peculiar and wayward, hardy and trained.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

The partners noted Valery's non-standard thinking on the football field, his ability to use dribbling, which was unusual for tall (187 cm) players.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Frequent and swift passes along the left edge of the field ended with an accurate pass to a teammate.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

But at the same time, according to Viktor Kanevsky, Lobanovsky was a categorical opponent of physical training, training work without the ball.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Also, as a player, Valery acquired the habit of being unflappable and at the same time “swinging” [11].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Lobanovsky also skillfully performed a “dry slate” shot - often after passes, the ball flew into the goal directly from a corner.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

During these blows, he interacted perfectly with Oleg Bazilevich, who sometimes corrected Lobanovsky's blows.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

During training, I practiced blows of this type, using the physical effect of Magnus.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Since the 1960 season, he became a full-fledged player of the first team, mainly operating on the left wing of the attack, where he played great against Valentin Troyanovsky.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

In the same year, Lobanovsky became the team's top scorer, scoring 13 goals.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

In the 1961 season, Dynamo Kyiv went down in history, becoming the first non-Moscow champion team, and forward Lobanovsky scored 10 goals in the league.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

In 1964, Viktor Maslov came to Dynamo, who preached an unusual style of football for Lobanovsky.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Valeriy himself mercilessly criticized the new coach and eventually left the Kiev team.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He finished his playing career at Chornomorets Odesa (1965—1966) and Shakhtar Donetsk (1967-1968, in 1968 he was the captain of the team).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Lobanovsky was also invited to the USSR national team, but then there were a lot of high-level left strikers in the Soviet Union (Mikhail Meskhi, Anatoly Ilyin, Galimzyan Khusainov), so the Kiev player played only 2 match (against Austria and Poland).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He also played two games for the USSR Olympic team, where he was captain and acted as a center forward.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

In total, as a player, Valeriy Lobanovsky played 253 matches in the Premier League and scored 71 goals (144 games and 42 goals for Dynamo, 59 and 15 at Chornomorets, 50 and 14 at Shakhtar).


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

The beginning of coaching.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Dnepr (1968—1973)


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

A year after the end of his playing career, Lobanovsky headed the coaching staff of the little-known Dnipro Dnepropetrovsk team at that time, which played in the second league of the USSR.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

Using effective training methods, the 29-year-old coach led the team to the Major League.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

At the same time, he joined the CPSU [12].


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

He also took an active part in the work of the club itself.


Question: When did Valery Lobanovsky become the coach of the Ukrainian national football team?

Valery Lobanovsky

For example, Lobanovsky personally chose a place for the construction of a new training base for Dnipro.