Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

After Fernando comes out, Manuela decides to go with him to Buenos Aires.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

In the capital, they arrange a very modest (even compared to Isabel's wedding) wedding, which is witnessed by Manuela's cousin, Marianne, and her boyfriend Gustavo.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Meanwhile, Isabel, through Jacinta's efforts, is almost completely recovering (she is unable to restore her voice to its previous sound) and persuades Jacinta to take her to the phone.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She calls home and picks up Bernard.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Although the woman could not hear the girl's voice, she was confident that it was her daughter.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando brings Manuela into his house for the first time to introduce her to his relatives, but there is no joyful meeting.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

All the inhabitants of the Salinas house are shocked when they see the girl.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Even more shocked is Bernarda herself, who regards this on Fernando's part as a betrayal: she and everyone else believe that Fernando loves Manuela only because of her resemblance to Isabel.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

For the second time, Bernarda is shocked when, after carefully asking Manuela about her family, she realizes that the girl is Isabel's half-sister (after learning about the death of Corrado, Bernard, despite an earlier statement that her love for him is dead, still going to his grave).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Manuela herself has a hard time, because others willy-nilly constantly compare her to Isabel, and often not in favor of Manuela (which is why Fernando, at her request, invites a maid to work at the house Verezzo Luisa family, who is Manuela's childhood friend), since she grew up in a poor provincial family, with her modest behavior and taste, is very different from those who loved sophistication and the prestige of Isabel.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The result is a paradoxical situation — Manuela manages to establish good relations only with those with whom Isabel did not get along.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Just a few days after Manuela's arrival, Isabel herself returns there at night, after which strange events begin to happen: first Manuela finds a broken frame with a photo of her filmed with Fernando, then the portrait of Isabel (which used to hang in the living room, but was taken from there after Isabel was declared dead) is covered with red stripes of paint.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

To clean the portrait, a friend of the Salinas artist Art Wilson (who is also the author of this portrait) comes to the house, who manages to erase the stripes and restore the image except for the face, and therefore he asks Manuel pose for him.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

As a result, the portrait now symbolically depicts Manuela, although there is not much difference.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Although Manuela is delighted with this, she still feels some kind of threat from the portrait.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Literally that evening, Bernard is sitting alone in her room when the door opens and Isabel enters.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernarda is horrified at first because her daughter wears a strange oblique mask and is dressed in old rags, then rejoices, but Isabel does not share her delight.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She asks her mother why Fernando's new wife looks so much like her (and given that Manuela is younger than Isabel, she looks younger).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Upon learning the truth, Isabel begins a hodgepodge of conflicting feelings about Manuela: she is her sister, but she took her place; Manuela was legitimate to her parents (the fact that she had Isabel torments non-native parents the most); Manuela is essentially a poor peasant woman who ended up in a rich house because of her appearance; and Fernando loves Manuela only because of her face.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernard “adds fuel to the fire” by agreeing with her arguments.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Burning with a desire to destroy his sister, Isabel plots Manuela all sorts of intrigues, constantly persuading Bernard to various provocations, and strange events begin to take place in the Salinos' house.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Hiding in the room that belonged to her before the accident, Isabel, sitting in isolation all day long, gradually goes crazy (it does not help even the fact that Jacinta occasionally visits her, who manages to bring pigment from her skin) and her hatred for Manuela only increases.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She either harasses Manuela with anonymous calls, then catches her eye with a silent ghost.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When a costume masquerade is held in the Salinos house, Isabel, wearing a masquerade mask and a dress stolen from Manuela, appears before Fernando, introducing himself to him as a writer named Anais, but her attempt to charm him, however, fails.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Emilio, who is at this masquerade, manages to “see through” Isabel, but has not yet taken any action, but after a while he manages to persuade Bernard and Isabel reveals himself to him ( Emilio decides to support her, as his love feelings for Isabel were only exacerbated by jealousy about her wedding to Fernando).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel is embittered by the failure that she failed to seduce Fernando and Bernard begins to fool Manuela by talking about the fact that since she looks so much like Isabel, why not she, for the sake of her family Salinas, don't be her?


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Manuela, who feels that Fernando and the others still can't get used to the fact that Isabel is not in front of them, agrees with her.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She begins to smell Isabel's perfume, puts on her jewelry, and on Fernando's birthday, where he wants to introduce Manuela to everyone as his wife, Manuela, on the “good” advice of Bernarda, first returns a portrait of Wilson with Isabel to the living room, and then puts on the same dress in which Isabel is depicted in this very portrait, and in this form goes down to the guests.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando is outraged by this, as a result, the evening is disrupted (and while everyone is crowding in the hall, looking dumbfounded at Manuela, Isabel appears on the top of the stairs and grins silently).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Here, for the first time, Bernarda begins to feel that Isabel has gone too far in Manuele's intrigues, but still her love for her daughter makes her follow her lead further.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando's indignation drives his wife to a nervous breakdown and Manuela begins to be stuffed with sedatives, which causes her to lie in bed all day in a semi-conscious state, while Isabel, Bernarda and Emilio give her various auditory hallucinations, trying to make her think by autosuggestion that she is Isabel, a miraculously survivor of the accident.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The girl's health is deteriorating, but she manages to trick her off the medicine and gets better, but then Isabel secretly pours the entire bottle of medicine into Manuela's juice.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Although the girl is saved, members of the Salinas family begin to doubt her mental stability and the question arises about placing Manuela in a mental hospital.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

After gathering the rest of her strength, Manuela escapes from the Salinas house and hides first in the monastery, then with her new friend Dorothy.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

But Fernando finds her and, after a long delay, they put up with it.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

To relax, both go to the ski resort in Italy in Sestriere.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernard is decided to be fired, but she refers to the fact that she has not yet found a new home.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When Manuela Mercedes's mother comes to the Salinas house, Bernard, after finding out who she is, takes the woman to her room, where she sees a portrait of Isabel surrounded by candles.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When she reports this to Manuela on the phone, the girl is horrified to find Isabel's personal belongings slipped there by Bernard in one of their suitcases.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel decides to undergo plastic surgery, and Emilio contacts plastic surgeon Santillan (introducing him to Isabel as his wife Anais Acoto), but he does not promise 100% success — scars deep, touched nerve, and although Bernarda brings him a photo of Manuela as a sample of her former face (as she says to Emilio, she decided to take a photo of Manuela because none of her photos Isabel does not smile as beautifully as Manuela), he says that no matter how successful the operation is, it will be impossible to make her face the same as before.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel, out of her own pride, does not tell the doctor that she has lupus and, as a result, suffers from surgery - she almost suffers cardiac arrest (in the presence of systemic lupus plastic surgery is contraindicated).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

After the operation, she is prescribed rest, but instead refuses to take sedatives and records threats for Mercedes Verezzo on an audio cassette.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Once Jacinta comes to her, who, knowing about Isabel's lupus, says that she will never be the same and says that from now on she can help her more; instead, Isabel will help her some kind of “messenger”.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Very soon, Isabel finds out that there is a patient in the next room who also underwent plastic surgery, but for another reason: she found her husband with her mistress and killed them, but because lack of evidence, she was released, and now she wants to start a new life by changing her face (the “messenger” Jacinta was talking about was her — it hints that the healer and this woman had previously crossed paths).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Making her way to her room at night, Isabel tells her all her secrets and starts a plan with her.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

On the eve of removing the bandages, Isabel removes them herself and sees that the operation was unsuccessful - her facial muscles were almost restored, but systemic lupus caused the destruction of nerves and stitches on the spot No scars healed.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She secretly leaves the hospital and settles in an abandoned house (which Jacinta once told her about).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Another patient also comes to see her there.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Women make incisions on their wrists and, clutching her hands, the patient vows to take Isabel-Anais's place and become the eyes and ears of the last.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel herself finally tells her that from now on they are two halves of the same person.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Anais infiltrates the trust of Bernarda and Emilio, posing as Isabel.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel herself, living in an abandoned house and keeping in touch with the outside world only through the fake Anais, is now even more crazy with hatred for Manuela and Fernando.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Anais returns to the Salinas house in the person of Emilio's friend and introduces Fernando to the same Anais from the carnival.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando is clearly interested in her and allows her to live in the Salinas house, occupying Isabel's room.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Having gained confidence in all family members, except Manuela, Anais begins to intrigue against the latter and not without success.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

At the gala evening, Manuela confesses to everyone that she is expecting a child from Fernando, which makes a splash again, because Fernando thinks he is infertile.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Nobody believes Manuela and this forces her to leave the Salinas house a second time.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Meanwhile, the savior Isabel Jacinta calls the Salinas house and demands money from Anais (she knows the false name Isabel) to save her.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Anais is afraid of exposing the forgery, as, in her opinion, Jacinta may ask for even more later.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

And if Bernard and Emilio do not believe this (since Jacinta had received money from them before, but she never asked for much), Isabel, hearing Anais's arguments, orders her to be killed in a steady voice.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When Anais visits Jacinta, Jacinta suddenly tells Emilio (who died with Anais, thinking that Jacinte would be threatened) that he was being deceived: she personally treated Isabel, saw her scars And now he clearly sees that Anais is not Isabel.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Then Anais, frightened by exposure, kills her by stabbing her in the back with a hairpin.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Emilio is shocked by this, but Anais manages to calm him down.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

But Jacinta does not die right away — she manages to call Manuela (Jacinta knew from Isabel about her existence) and tell her about the central hospital and Aldo.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Manuela and Rudy, who came with her, then begin their own investigation.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

They learn that Aldo and Julia found a half-alive woman on the shore, from whom they took away her jewelry, and then Aldo killed Julia and her body ended up in the river.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

And after they read in the newspaper that Isabel's corpse was identified only because it was carrying her jewelry, they suspect Julia is lying in the grave.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Despite Fernando's protests, Manuela manages to get permission from a local judge to exhume the remains, which, of course, confirms her case.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Meanwhile, Anais embarks on the second part of Isabel's plan (the plan was to first remove Manuela from home and then make Fernando see Anais as Isabel, after which the first will leave, and the second one will come out of hiding).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Anais tries to seduce Fernando with various gestures that Fernando knows only from Isabel, but after Manuela leaves home, he becomes depressed and grief admits to Anais that only now he realized that even Isabel he had never loved as much as Manuela.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel, having learned this, decides that if Fernando can not get her, then let no one get him.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Meanwhile, Anais herself is “caught” several times on various inconsistencies, which causes Bernarda and Emilio to have strong suspicions about her personality, although Anais herself is trying attribute her behavior to the fact that Anais is her new personality, and Isabel is a thing of the past.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

But Emilio's behavior is becoming more and more frightening and he is on the verge of publicly revealing her identity.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Then Anais lures him into an abandoned house, where he and Isabel kill Emilio with hairpins.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Anais then pours Fernando into a glass of whiskey the poison that Jacinta once gave her.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

He is dying, doctors can not find the cause of the disease, and suspicion falls on Manuela.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernarda, learning that Emilio's death and Fernando's poisoning may have been the work of Isabel, begins to lose confidence in her more and more, but still, at the request of Anais, throws away a bag of poison, but he accidentally discovered, which makes it possible to find an antidote and Fernando is recovering.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Meanwhile, Mercedes Verezzo is also conducting a small investigation.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Knowing that Isabel is outwardly a copy of Manuela, Mercedes recalls how loyal she is to Bernarda Isabel and that Bernarda, when talking to Mercedes, spoke Spanish with the same accent as he spoke Corrado.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She shares her observations with their family friend and priest Father José, who recalls a woman (Bernarda) coming to Corrado's grave some time after his funeral.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Mercedes understands that if Bernarda was the Sicilian who became pregnant with Corrado, and Isabel looks so much like Manuela, it means that Bernarda is Isabel's mother, and Isabel herself is Manuela's half-sister.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

She reports this to Fernando.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

At the same time, Manuela goes to Dr. Villa, who at first refuses to say anything, but then his sick wife, who tried to tell Manuela the truth, dies of a heart attack Anais calls her with threats on the phone, and Villa, believing that he has nothing to lose, admits that Fernando is not infertile, all his certificates from various clinics around the world are false.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

And when she learns that Isabel is her half-sister, Manuela falls into despair, but still decides to come to the Salinas house to tell the truth.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Finals


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When Manuela comes to the Salinas house, she tells Fernando everything, but she does not know about Isabel's replacement, so she mistakenly points to Anais, saying that it is Isabel, who changed her face through surgery.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

If Fernando is still ready to believe in the forgery of certificates, Anais is not, and upset Manuela runs away from home.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Immediately after that, Inspector Luna comes, investigating the murder of Emilio, and arrests Anais.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When she is taken away, Anais shouts to Fernando that she has nothing to do with it, it's all the work of Isabel.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Manuela is caught up by Fernando Teresa's sister, who used to be biased against Manuela and now, admitting that Manuela is really pregnant with her nephew, invites the girl to relax to go with her to her boyfriend Marcello in Genoa, Italy.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Frustrated Fernando calls Villa, and he confesses about the certificates.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando falls into a rage, and frightened Villa says that he could not do otherwise — he was pressured by Bernard Morelli.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando breaks down furiously at Villa, rushes to Bernarda's room, but there his anger gives way to pity — Bernard, when he learns that Anais killed Emilio, loses his mind, but is still clear and Fernando confesses everything, adding that Isabel decided to sacrifice everything she had to be with him again.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

After all, even for surgery, she agreed to lie under threat, which may not tolerate her.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Although Bernarda had doubts about Anais's identity, she continues to think that she is her daughter, and therefore reproaches Fernando that his heart did not tell him that Isabel she was with him all this time (because of this, Fernando mistakenly assures that Manuela was right — Anais is really Isabel).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Finally, Bernard bitterly accuses Fernando of not talking about his love for Manuela now, he brought her to this house only because of her resemblance to Isabel.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Demoralized Fernando decides to catch up with Manuela, but arrives at the airport too late.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Broken and unnecessarily upset, he returns home and goes to the library room, where he falls into a chair and falls into oblivion.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Villa arrives at the grave of his wife, where, having pleaded guilty to destroying the Salinas family, he shoots himself with a pistol.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernarda is getting more and more crazy, as thoughts about Isabel mix with suspicions that Anais was not her daughter.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

After a while, Fernando wakes up when he finds Bernarda standing in front of him, stroking his hair and face with an empty smile.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Giving in to feelings, the man falls asleep and spends the rest of the day in the library.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

In the evening, a thunderstorm begins over Buenos Aires.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernarda, at some inner call, walks into Isabel's room, where she sees something in the reflections of lightning that scares her very much.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Then Fernando wakes up in the library when a woman's voice calls him by name in the front hall.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Going out into the hall, Fernando is horrified to see a woman descending the stairs with hair like Isabel's and dressed in the same dress in which Isabel is depicted in Wilson's painting.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

When a woman comes closer, Fernado seems to see Manuela, whose hair for some reason covers the right side of her face.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

“I'm Isabel. And I came back to you,” the woman suddenly says, and throws her hair off her face, showing Fernado ugly scars.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fernando is deeply shocked and only says that he can't forgive Isabel after everything that happened to Manuela, but Isabel is desperate to say that she does not need his forgiveness; she only wants him to be right next to her.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

In the last attempt, she calls Fernado to account: is he really sure he loved Manuela and not her Isabel-like face?


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

But still feeling that her attempts are useless, Isabel (taking advantage of Fernando's closing eyes in shock and disgust), pulls a knife out of his waist, but only has time to swing when Bernard shoots her with a revolver.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Isabel slips to the floor and, dying, asks Fernando which of them he loved more.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Bernarda only says harshly: “You'll never know that!” In response, Isabel manages to say “Mom” before she dies, a word she never intended to call Bernarda (which she defiantly told her several times).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Finally mad, Bernard points a revolver at Fernando, demanding that he not move, because otherwise “he will wake her up.”


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Then, with the words “How beautiful Senora Manuela is when she sleeps,” Isabel covers her eyes and strokes her head.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

In this position, they are found by Inspector Luna, whom Gabriela summoned because she dreamed of Isabel dead.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

As a result, Bernard ends up in a mental hospital, where she finally loses her mind and begins to think that Isabel and Corrado are alive.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Around the same time, Anais begins to hear the voices of Isabel and Jacinta and, remembering her and Isabel's oath, eventually hangs himself in his cell.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

All the press writes about the Salinas house, which is why Fernando sells it, gives the crew to the servants and goes to Italy, where he finds Manuela, who walks alone in the sights of Portofino and is ready to come to terms with the fate of a single mother.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

He apologizes to her, acknowledges their child and they kiss.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Versions


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The Italian version is shorter in terms of the number of episodes, as some storylines in the video sequence are either shortened or completely cut out — instead of the original 228 episodes, the Italian one has 193 — but at the same time the Italian version has storylines of characters that are not in the Argentine version (the characters of actors Vanessa Gravina and Fabio Testi are present only in the Italian version) and, accordingly, has a number of scenes not found in the Argentine version.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The order of the episodes that are present in both versions also differs.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The finale of the series in the Italian version is more detailed (in the Argentine version, the storylines of many secondary characters in the finale are either compressed or cut off).


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The music tracks of the versions differ entirely.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

In the final scene, where Fernando finds Manuela in Portofino, the Argentine version features the 1960s song “Se Dio Ti Da” (Russian: God willing...) behind the scenes in a modern cover version at the time of filming Italian singer Drupi, in Italian it is still the same “Manuela”, only performed by Julio Iglesias.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Cast


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The original series was filmed in Spanish.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

For broadcast in Italy, the series was dubbed into Italian.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Some characters had their names either changed to others, or the Spanish pronunciation of their names was replaced by Italian.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Grecia Colmenares — Manuela Verezzo/Isabel Guerrero (before the accident and after surgery) (duplicated by Silvia Tognolyoni)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Jorge Martinez vs Fernando Salinas (Francesco in Italian) (with Maurizio Fardo)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Maria Rosa Gallo — Bernarda Morelli, mother of Isabel (Miranda in Italian) (dubbed by Cristina Grado)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Gabriel Corrado — Rodolfo Verezzo, father of Rudy and Marianna/Rudy Verezzo, brother of Marianna and cousin of Manuela (duplicated by Roberto Chevalier)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Gustavo Guillen — Emilio Acosta, Fernando's friend who is in love with Isabel (duplicated by Vittorio De Angelis)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Marita Ballesteros — Teresa Salinas, Fernando's sister (Marina in Italian) (duplicated by Vittoria Febbi)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Silvia Cutika — Marianna Verezzo, Rudy's sister and Manuela's cousin (duplicated by Stefania Patruno)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Cristina Murta — Mercedes Verezzo, mother of Manuela, aunt of Rudy and Marianna (Marcella in Italian) (duplicated by Stefania Romagnoli)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Nelly Prono — Gabriella Salinas, Fernado and Teresa's aunt (duplicated by Miranda Bonancea)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fabian Pizorno — Leopoldo Anzuatti, Teresa's husband (third) (Leopoldo Achevedo in Italian) (duplicated by Stefano Mondini)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Jean-Pierre Noer — Antonio Moreno, Attorney, Friend of Fernando


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Liliana Laval — Dorothy, Manuela's friend


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Eduardo Sapac — Art Wilson, Artist


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Niya Quesada — Jacinta (Italian version: Zaira)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Vita Escardo — Isabel (after the accident) /Anais Acosta (duplicated by Silvia Tognolyoni)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Vanessa Gravina vs. Anna Negri (only available in Italian version)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Gregorio Mastrota — Marcello Negri (with Maurizio Reti)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Fabio Testi — Carlo (available only in Italian version) (duplicated by Michele Gammino)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Carlos Mena — Lorenzo, Fernando's chauffeur (with Sergio Di Stefano)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Hilda Bernard — Madame Guerrero, Isabel's adoptive mother


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Andrea Bonelli vs. Silvina


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Lita Soriano — Amelia (with Flaminia Yandole)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Pachi Armas — Dr.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Pintos, lawyer for the Guerrero family (duplicated by Ferruccio Amendola)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Aldo Braga — Corrado Verezzo, father of Isabel and Manuela (duplicated by Sandro Sardone)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Graciela Gomez — Adelaide, Manuela, Rudy and Marianne's aunt


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Manuela González Beard — Elisa


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Magali Moro — Rosario


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Horacio Pena — Father Jose


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Gloria Carra — Jenny, Isabel's Friend


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Ruben Ballester — Young Corrado Verezzo (with Nino Prester)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Gabriela Salas — Young Bernard Morelli (with Isabella Pasanisi)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Daniela Redin — Isabel as childhood/Manuela as child (dubbed by Perla Liberatori)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Pilar Mashochi — Isabel after the accident (not credited) (duplicated by Sylvia Tognölioni)


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Production


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The series is a kind of free remake of the Brazilian telenovela The Heiress (1978) (whose script was also written by Manoel Carlos), which is an adaptation of the 1934 novel of the same name by Brazilian writer Carolina Nabucco.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The plot tells the story of a girl Marina, who marries a wealthy widower Roberto Steen after the death of his wife Alice.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Gradually, the girl begins to think that Alice did not die at all, and all the time she feels her presence in the Stins house.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The novel gained sad popularity, as four years later, the novel “Rebecca” by Daphne Dumorier, coinciding in the main storyline, was released in the United States.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The latter and its publisher denied all accusations of plagiarism (Du Maurier claimed that she had not even heard of Nabucco or her novel before) and both sides never reached any agreement.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The series was produced by Crustel S.A from Argentina, and Deltavision and Reteitalia from Italy.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Filming began in November 1990.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The scenes in the scenery were shot in Studio No. 4, located in the Sonotex film company.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

General Pacheco's Castle was filmed as a Salinas mansion for outdoor scenes.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

At the time of its release, the telenovela was one of Argentina's most expensive export products.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

In 1992, the series won an award for Best Telenovela.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Telenovela can be divided into two parts: the first, in which the lead screenwriter was Jorge Hayes, who died in the midst of filming, and the second, in which Ana Montes became the lead screenwriter, who replaced Hayes.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The role of Isabel in the series was played by three actresses: directly Grecia Colmenares (Isabel blonde before the accident and after removing the bandages), Pilar Mashocchi (Isabel blonde after the accident and until the moment when Isabel dyes her hair) and Vita Escardo (Isabel the brunette after dyeing her hair and until surgery), who later played Anais.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The last two in the plot were starred in masks, however, Mashokki, unlike Escardo, was never credited.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

According to unconfirmed reports, the replacement of actresses was caused by the fact that Colmenares, as the plot developed, it became more and more difficult to play heroines that were completely different in character.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Also, applying ugly makeup to Grecia Colmenares would greatly complicate and slow down the filming process, which was going on at a rapid pace.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

The melody from the music box with which Isabel fools Manuela several times is Johannes Brahms's Lullaby.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Russian dubbing


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Natalia Kaznacheeva, Svetlana Sheichenko, Alexander Belyavsky, Nikolai Burov, Lyudmila Ilyina, Natalya Gurzo, Andrey Barkhudarov and Sergey Bystritsky dubbed the roles into Russian.


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

References


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Category: Argentine television series 1991


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Category:Argentine melodramatic television series


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Category:Italian melodramatic television series


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Category:Argentine telenovelas


Question: How many times has Manuela been broadcast in Russia?

Manuela

Category:Canal 13 telenovelas (Argentina)


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Holidays and memorable days


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

See also: Category:September 27 holidays


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

International


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

World Tourism Day.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

World Maritime Day


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

National


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Belgium is a celebration of the French-speaking cultural community.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Poland is a public holiday “Day of the Polish Underground State”.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Russia is the Day of Preschool Education Workers.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Ukraine is Tourism Day.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Mongolia is Television Day.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Religious


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Orthodoxy [1] [2]


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

— Exaltation of the Honest and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord;


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

— The demise of St. John Chrysostom (407);


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

— celebration of the Lesninskaya Icon of the Mother of God (1683).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Name days


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Catholic: Vincent, Damiant, Cosmas.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Orthodox Christians: Ivan.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

events


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

See also: Category:September 27th events


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Before the 19th century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

489 - During the Ostrogothic conquest of Italy, a battle took place near the city of Verona, in which the Ostrogoth army under the command of King Theodoric the Great defeated the army of the ruler of Italy Odoacra.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1066 — William the Conqueror's army boarded ships at the mouth of the Somme and, crossing the English Channel, landed on the English coast near the city the next morning.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1130 — Southern Italy and Sicily merge into a single Kingdom of Sicily.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1480 — The rulers of Spain Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon, with the approval of Pope Sixtus IV, established the Spanish Inquisition.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1540 — Pope Paul III approves the statute of the Jesuit Order, the Society of Jesus, created six years earlier by Ignatius Loyola.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1605 - Battle of Kirchholm - the defeat of the Swedish troops of Charles IX by Lithuanian troops of Khodkevich.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1672 — The Royal African Company (England) obtained a monopoly on the trade in slaves from Africa.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1781 — Kiev, Chernigov, Novgorod-Seversky governorates were formed as part of Russia.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

19th century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1810 was a battle between French troops under the command of Marshal Massena and the Anglo-Portuguese army commanded by Wellington near the Buzaco Monastery [3].


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1811 — Kazan Cathedral in St. Petersburg is consecrated.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1821 — Mexico gained independence from Spain.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1822 - Jean-Francois Champollion reported on the decoding of the Rosetta Stone.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1825 — The first public railway began operating in England.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

The steam locomotive, designed by George Stephenson, carried a 450-passenger train from Darlington to Stockton at a speed of 24 km/h.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1829 - Johann Friedrich Parrot climbed the Great Ararat for the first time.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1854 — The steamer Arctic, sailing from the British Isles to the New World, collided with the steamer “” (France) and sank at Cape Reis.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Killed 350 people.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1863 — the first kindergarten in Russia was opened in St. Petersburg.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1885 — The South Russian Technological Institute, the first higher technical educational institution in Russia, was opened in Kharkov.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1893 - the first Ukrainian press organ, the Svoboda newspaper, began to be published in Jersey City.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

20th century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1905 — Albert Einstein published Does the inertia of the body depend on the energy it contains? , which offered the famous E=mc².


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1912 — the Sports Field stadium for 3,000 people was opened in Kiev.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1921 — autonomy was granted to the Orthodox Church in Poland.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1937 — The first Santa Claus school opened in Albion, New York.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1940 — Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Triple Pact in Berlin.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1941 — Syria is declared an independent state.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1942 — The Nazis destroyed the Ivanovo ghetto.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1946 — The Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) U criticized the Ukrainian satirical magazine “Perets”.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1960 — the first reinforced concrete blocks were laid in the foundation of the Ostankino TV Tower, the tallest tower in Europe.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1961 — Sierra Leone became the 100th Member State of the United Nations.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1965 — Economic councils were abolished in the USSR.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1967 — One of the largest RMS Queen Mary liners was escorted to California, where it was made into a floating restaurant and museum.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1983 — Richard Stallman announced that a Unix-compatible operating system should be created as part of the GNU Project.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

The USSR joined Interpol.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

The Yakut ASSR proclaimed sovereignty.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1991 — the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol, which gathered, resolved one single issue — “On the fate of the Komsomol” — and decided to dissolve itself.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1993 — the beginning of the battle for Sukhum.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1996 — Mohammad Najibullah, former DRA President, is hanged during the capture of Kabul by Taliban troops.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

21st century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2001 — The Norwegian government established the Abel Prize for Mathematical Research.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2003 — 7.5 magnitude earthquake in the Altai Republic, Russia (Chuyskoye earthquake).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2007 - from the Canaveral cosmodrome using a Delta-2 launch vehicle launched the American spacecraft Dawn (Dawn), designed to study the asteroids Vesta and Ceres.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2012 — The first novel by J.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

K. Rowling for adults “Random Vacancy”.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Were born


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

See also: Category:Born September 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Before the 19th century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1389 - Cosimo Medici (d. 1464), Florentine politician, statesman, merchant and banker.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1533 - Stefan Batory (d. 1586), Prince of Transylvania (1571-1576), King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576—1586).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1601 — Louis XIII the Fair (d. 1643), King of France (1610-1643).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1622 - Karel Dujardin (d. 1678), Dutch artist and engraver.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1627 - Jacques Bossuet (d. 1704), French writer, bishop, ideologist of Gallicanism.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1630 - Michael Wilmann (d. 1706), German Baroque painter.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1657 — Sophia Alekseevna Romanova (d. 1704), princess, daughter of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, in 1682-1689 regent under younger brothers Peter and Ivan.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

19th century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1824 - Benjamin Gould (d. 1896), American astronomer, meteorologist, creator of the American Astronomical Journal.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1840 — Thomas Nast (d. 1902), American political cartoonist of German origin.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1867 - Vladimir Mayevsky (d. 1920), military leader of the Russian army and the White Movement.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1871 - Grazia Deledda (d. 1936), Italian writer (Ashes, Mother, Homesickness, etc.), Nobel Prize winner (1926).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1879 - Cyril Scott (d. 1970), English composer and writer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1880 — Jacques Thibault (d. 1953), French virtuoso violinist.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1885 - Yefim Shchadenko (d. 1951), Soviet military leader Colonel-General, one of the founders of the 1st Cavalry Army.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1894 — Anastasia Tsvetaeva (d. 1993), poetess, younger sister of Marina Tsvetaeva (“Royal Reflections”, “Smoke, Smoke, Smoke”).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1897 - Irma Jaunzem (d. 1975), singer (mezzo-soprano), teacher, People's Artist of the RSFSR.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

20th century


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1904 — Sofia Preobrazhenskaya (d. 1966), opera singer (mezzo-soprano), teacher, People's Artist of the USSR.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1910 — Sergey Lukyanov (d. 1965), theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR (films: “The Rumyantsev Case”, “Kuban Cossacks”, “Donetsk Miners”, etc.).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1918 - Martin Ryle (d. 1984), English radio astronomer, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1974, with Anthony Huish).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1921 - Miklos Jancho (d. 2014), Hungarian film director and screenwriter.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Arthur Penn (d. 2010), American film director, screenwriter, producer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Mikhail Shuydin (d. 1983), circus clown, eccentric acrobat, People's Artist of the RSFSR.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1924 — Mikhail Konstantinov (d. 2002), architect, author of the Krasnopresnenskaya metro station.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1925 — Budimir Metalnikov (d. 2001), Soviet and Russian screenwriter and film director.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1929 — Barbara Murray (d. 2014), British actress.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1930 — Stepan Sitaryan (d. 2009), Soviet and Russian economist, statesman, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Russian Academy of Sciences.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Friedrich Neznansky (d. 2013), Russian lawyer, publicist and writer, author of detective stories.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Yash Chopra (d. 2012), Indian director and producer (films: Chandni, Crazy Heart, Vir and Zara, etc.).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1946 — Igor Klebanov, cameraman, People's Artist of Russia.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Meath Lowf (born Marvin Lee Eday) is an American rock singer and theater actor.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Dick Advocate, a Dutch football coach, the first foreign specialist who led the Russian team to the first place in the Russian Premier League.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1948 - Anatoly Romanov, Soviet and Russian military leader, Colonel-General, Hero of the Russian Federation.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1952 - Konstantin Melikhan, Russian humorist writer, pop artist, cartoonist, TV and radio host.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1953 — Greg Ham (d. 2012), Australian musician, songwriter, member of Men at Work.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1954 - Larry Wall, American programmer, creator of the Perl programming language.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1955 — Alexander Galibin, Soviet and Russian theater and film actor, People's Artist of Russia (films: “Tavern on Pyatnitskaya”, “Battalions Ask for Fire”, “Jack Vosmerkin — “American”, etc.).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Irwin Welch is a contemporary Scottish writer, author of the acclaimed books Trainspotting and Acid House.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Sergey Sholokhov, Soviet and Russian journalist, art critic, TV presenter.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1960 - Jean-Marc Barr, French actor (films: “The Blue Abyss”, “Breaking the Waves”, “The Plague”, etc.).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1965 — Steve Kerr, American basketball player and coach, 6-time NBA champion (5 times as a player and 1 time as a coach).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1972 — Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress, Oscar winner.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1976 - Francesco Totti, Italian footballer, world champion.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1978 — Ani Lorak, Ukrainian and Russian singer, fashion model, People's Artist of Ukraine.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1982 - Lil Wayne, American rapper.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1984 - Avril Lavigne, Canadian singer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1987 — Vanessa James, American, British French figure skater, European champion


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Have passed away


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

See also: Category:Deaths on September 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1590 — Urban VII (b. 1521), 228th Pope; reigned only 12 days, died of malaria.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1612 — Peter Skarga (b. 1536), Jesuit preacher, first rector of the Vilna Academy and University.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1651 - Maximilian I (b. 1573), Elector of the Palatinate (1623-1648), Elector of Bavaria (1648).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1660 - Vincent de Paul (b. 1581), French monk, Catholic saint.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1700 — Innocent XII (b. 1615), 242nd Pope (1691—1700).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1728 — Andrey Matveev (b. 1666), Russian statesman, diplomat, associate of Peter I.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1838 - Bernard Courtois (b. 1777), French chemist, discoverer of iodine.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1891 - Ivan Goncharov (b. 1812), Russian writer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1917 - Edgar Degas (b. 1834), French painter, graphic artist and sculptor


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1919 - Adelina Patti (b. 1843), Italian singer, favorite vocalist of Giuseppe Verdi.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1921 - Engelbert Humperdinck (b. 1854), German composer and conductor, whose name was taken by the popular English singer Arnold Dorsey as his pseudonym in the 1960s.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Julius Wagner-Jauregg (b. 1857), Austrian psychiatrist, Nobel Prize winner (1917).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Walter Benjamin (b. 1892), German philosopher, history theorist, literary critic.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Aristide Maillol (b. 1861) is a French sculptor and painter of Catalan origin.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Sergei Prokudin-Gorsky (b. 1863), Russian photographer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1959 - Hans Grimm (b. 1875), writer, publicist, ideologist of the German Nazis.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1965 - Clara Bow (b. 1905), American actress, silent film star.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1967 — Felix Yusupov (b. 1887), Russian aristocrat, murderer of Grigory Rasputin.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1981 — Robert Montgomery (b. 1904), American actor, film director and producer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1983 — Mykhailo Stelmakh (b. 1912), Ukrainian writer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1985 — Nikolai Gulaev (b. 1918), Soviet ace pilot, fighter, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Eva Ruttkai (b. 1927), Hungarian actress.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Clifford Lee Burton (b. 1962), bassist for the American band Metallica.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1990 — Matvey Blanter (b. 1903), composer, People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1991 — Oona Chaplin (b. 1926), daughter of American writer Eugene O'Neill, wife of Charlie Chaplin.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1993 — James Doolittle (b. 1896), a US Air Force pilot who led the Dolittle Raid (1942).


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

1996 — Mohammad Najibullah (b. 1947), President of Afghanistan (1987-1992), is assassinated.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2001 — Boris Tolochkov (b. 1929), Soviet choirmaster and composer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2006 — Sofia Muratova (b. 1929), Soviet gymnast, two-time Olympic champion, three-time world champion.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2007 — Alexander Lemansky (b. 1935), General Designer of NPO Almaz


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2009 — Ivan Dykhovichny (b. 1947), Soviet and Russian actor, director, screenwriter and producer.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2010 — Pyotr Merkuryev (b. 1943), Soviet and Russian actor, musicologist, choirmaster, music journalist.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

2017 — Hugh Hefner (b. 1926), American publisher, founder and editor-in-chief of Playboy magazine.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Signs


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Exaltation, Vozdvizhenyev day, Stavrov day, Third autumns.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

At Vozdvizhenye, there is a rapid onset of cold weather, the end of harvesting, and a further fading of animal life before winter.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Many sayings are based on the consonance of words: exaltation is movement: “Exaltation — the caftan with a fur coat has moved.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Exaltation - the caftan will move off his shoulders, the sheepskin coat will pull.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

The third meeting of autumn.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Exaltation shifts the heat, and the cold pushes it.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“The rise of autumn moves towards winter.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

On the Exaltation, the bird departed.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Strings of birds moved over Russia.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“At the Exaltation, snakes slide into piles, along ravines, and hide in the ground.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Near the Exaltation, snakes become numb before hibernation.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Neither snakes nor bastards move on the ground raw to Exaltation.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“On the Exaltation of Zazimka - the peasant does not matter.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

At this time, one of the most important autumn work for village women begins - cutting cabbage and harvesting it for the winter.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Many sayings are devoted to these works: “Exaltation is cabbage, it's time to chop cabbage.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“At the Exaltation, the first lady is cabbage.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Be smart, woman about cabbage - Exaltation has come...” “And the bad woman about Exaltation is a cabbage woman.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Then chop the cabbage from the Exaltation.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“On Exaltation, a good fellow has cabbage at the porch.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“A good man has a cabbage pie on Vozdvizhenev Day.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Girlish parties began, cabbage, Kapustinsky evenings.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Cutting cabbage [4] is not an easy job, but a whole rite, and it was performed with different songs, accompanied by treats in the evenings.


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

“Kapustinsky parties — for two weeks.”


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

See also


Question: How many books did Friedrich Neznansky write as of May 2019?

september 27

Notes


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

German: Cosima Wagner (born Francesca Gaetan Cosima Liszt, Francesca Gaetana Cosima Liszt; December 24, 1837 — April 1, 1930, Bayreuth, Bavaria, Weimar Republic) was the second wife and muse of German composer Richard Wagner (1813—1883), co-founder and long-term director of the Bayreuth Festival.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima was the daughter of Hungarian composer and pianist Franz Liszt.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1857, she married conductor Hans von Bülow, with whom she gave birth to two children.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1863, Cosima began an affair with Wagner, and in 1870 they married.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

With Richard Cosima, she founded the Bayreuth Festival, designed to stage Wagnerian operas in full accordance with the composer's idea.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

After Wagner's death in 1883, Cosima led the Bayreuth Festival, devoting the rest of her life to preserving and glorifying its heritage.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima Wagner was convinced of the need to adhere to the composer's original ideas and resisted any theatrical innovation.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

This approach was followed by her heirs after Cosima left the festival in 1907.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Because of this, and because Cosima shared her husband's nationalist and anti-Semitic views, her legacy is controversial.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Family and childhood


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Francesca Gaetana Cosima Liszt was the second daughter of composer Franz Liszt, who was twenty-six years old at the time, and French writer and socialite Marie d'Agou.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Ferenc and Mary were unmarried; for Liszt, who was six years younger than her, Mary separated from her husband, Count Charles d'Agou, and left Paris, where they lived.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Liszt toured extensively in Europe, and Maria traveled with him.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima was born on December 24, 1837 in a hotel in the Italian resort of Bellagio and was named after St. Cosma, the patron saint of doctors [1].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Her parents continued to travel to Europe, leaving Cosima and her older sister Blandina in the care of a wet nurse, which was common practice at the time.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1839, Liszt and d'Agou had their third child and only son Daniel [2].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1839, Maria tried to return to Paris with her daughters, but her mother refused to recognize her illegitimate children.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

This also meant that it was impossible to restore the previous position in society.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Liszt's daughters lived with his mother Anna, and Daniel later joined them.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In subsequent years, relations between Liszt and d'Agou deteriorated, and by 1845 they communicated only through intermediaries [3].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Liszt forbade mother and daughters to communicate with each other, and soon Maria stopped trying to get a meeting.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Although they lived in the same city, they were not able to meet until five years later, in 1850 [4].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Youth


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to Cosima biographer George Marek, Anna List was “a simple, uneducated, naive, but kind woman... for the first time [girls] learned what it means to be loved” [5].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Blandina was more beautiful; Cosima with a long nose and a wide mouth looked like an “ugly duckling” [6] [7].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Ferenc's attitude towards the children was cool, but he made sure that they received a good education.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The daughters were placed in Madame Bernard's privileged closed school [8].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1847, Liszt met Carolina Wittgenstein, the wife of a Russian general, who by that time already lived separately from her husband.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

By the fall of 1848, they had an affair, Carolina became Liszt's companion for the rest of his life.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

When Liszt found out to his indignation in 1850 that his daughters were seeing their mother, Carolina took them out of school on his instructions and placed them under the supervision of her seventy-two-year-old former teacher Madame Patersi [9].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Madame Patersi supervised Blandina and Cosima for four years.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima's biographer Oliver Hills compared her upbringing to Madame Patersi to horse dressage [10], but according to Marek, it, although harsh, eventually turned out to be beneficial for Cosima, as she received necessary skills for living in the light [11].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On October 10, 1853, Liszt visited Madame Patersy's home, visiting his daughters for the first time since 1845.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Liszt was accompanied by two other composers, Hector Berlioz and Richard Wagner.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to the memoirs of Carolina Marie's daughter, who was present at the same time, Cosima was “at the worst time of growing up, tall and angular, with an earthy complexion... covered in her father. Only her long golden hair with an unusual tint was beautiful” [12].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

After the family feast, Wagner read to the audience an excerpt from the last act of the future “Death of the Gods”.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima did not impress him, and in his diary he only noted that both girls were very shy [13].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Marriage to Hans von Bülow


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

When his daughters began to grow up, Liszt arranged for them to move to Berlin despite angry protests from their mother [14].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In Berlin, Franziska von Bülow, whose son Hans, a pianist and conductor, was Liszt's most outstanding student, became the teacher of the girls.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Hans also participated in the upbringing of girls — he gave them a musical education.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Bulow was impressed by Cosima's progress, and they soon developed a romantic relationship.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Liszt reacted with approval, and on August 18, 1857, Hans and Cosima married at St. Hedwig's Cathedral in Berlin [15].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On their honeymoon, Hans, Cosima and her father visited Wagner at his home near Zurich [16].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The following year, they visited Wagner again, and before he left, Cosima struck him with an emotional scene that the composer recalled: “She fell to her knees and covered my hands with tears and kisses... I pondered on a mystery that he could not comprehend” [17].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima, who was raised in Paris, could not get used to living in Berlin, at that time a relatively provincial city [18].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Her efforts to take part in local public life, according to Marie Wittgenstein's memoirs, were hampered by “overestimated self-esteem and innate acrimony” [19].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At least for the first time, Cosima showed interest in her husband's career, convincing him to devote more time to composing music.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Once she composed for him a libretto of an opera from the life of the legendary wizard Merlin, which, however, did not receive any development [20].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Due to Bulow's workload with concerts, Cosima stayed alone at home for a long time and during this period wrote articles and translated for the French-language magazine Revue germanique [21].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In December 1859, her brother Daniel, 20, died after a long illness.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In his honor, Cosima's daughter, born on October 12, 1860, was named Daniela.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1862, she suffered a new grief: Blandina, who was married to Emile Olivier, a lawyer and future Prime Minister of France, died in childbirth.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima's second daughter, born in March 1863, was named Blandina Elizabeth Veronica [23].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Bülow was an ardent fan of Wagner; in 1858 he prepared a vocal score for Tristan und Isolde, and in 1862 he made a final copy of the score of the Nuremberg Meistersingers [24].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Their relationship became friendly, and in 1862 the von Bülow visited Wagner in Wiesbaden.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In his diary, Wagner describes how Cosima “transformed” during his performance of Wotan's Farewell from Valkyrie.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner himself had a turbulent personal life at the time: he was still married to actress Mina Planer (she died in 1866) and had several novels on the side [25].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner visited Berlin on November 28, 1863.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

While von Bülow was rehearsing the concert, Wagner and Cosima went on a long trip to Berlin in a carriage and there was a stormy explanation between them [26].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

With Wagner


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Munich and Tribschen


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1864, Wagner's financial situation was improved thanks to a new patron, eighteen-year-old Ludwig II, who ascended the Bavarian throne.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

He paid the composer's debts and assigned him an annual generous maintenance [27].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The monarch also gave Wagner a mansion in Munich and another house on the shores of Lake Starnberg [28].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On Wagner's advice, Bülow accepted an offer to become a “royal pianist” at Ludwig's court [29], he and his wife moved to Munich and bought a house near Wagner, allegedly so that Cosima could work Richard's secretary [28].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

From June 29, 1864, Cosima and Richard spent more than a week together on Lake Starnberg until Hans joined them.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to the memoirs of Wagner's maid, “it was clear that something was going on between Frau Cosima and Richard Wagner.”


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

She also recounts how Bulow once found his wife in Wagner's bedroom, but did not demand an explanation from her or him [30].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Nine months later, on April 10, 1865, Cosima gave birth to a daughter, Isolde.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Bülow idolized Wagner so much that he recognized the child as his own and registered him as the “legitimate daughter” of Hans and Cosima von Bülow [31].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In the same year, on June 10, von Bülow conducted the premiere of Tristan und Isolde at the Bavarian Opera [32].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner's influence on Ludwig began to cause increasing indignation in the monarch's entourage.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

When Wagner demanded that the king dismiss the Cabinet Secretary and the Prime Minister at the same time, discontent reached its limit, and Ludwig was forced to expel Wagner from Bavaria [33].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

However, he continued to support the composer financially.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In March 1866, Wagner arrived in Geneva, and later went to Lucerne, where he rented a country house located on the shore of the lake in Tribschen.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The king paid the rent [34].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the invitation of Wagner von Bülow, the children arrived in Tribschen for the summer [35].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

For a short time, the von Bülow returned to Munich, and then Hans left for Basel, and Cosima returned to Tribschen [36].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

During this period, von Bülow wrote to a friend: “Since February 1865, I have not had a single doubt about the extremely delicate nature of this situation.”


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

To protect Cosima from a public scandal, Wagner tricked Ludwig into making a statement in June 1866 about the purity of von Bülow's marriage and a square that would fall on whoever dares to say otherwise [37] .


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

By this time, Cosima was pregnant with Richard's second child, a daughter born in Tribschen on February 17, 1867 and named Eva.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Meanwhile, Bülow, appointed director of the Bavarian Opera and still loyal to Wagner, led the preparations for the premiere of the Nuremberg Meistersingers.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On June 21, 1868, it was successfully held under the direction of Bulow.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Shortly thereafter, Cosima came to Tribschen.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner explained this to the king by the fact that she could not stand constant insults in Munich and wanted solitude [38].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In October 1868, Cosima asked her husband for a divorce.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Initially, von Bülow refused to give it, and explained the absence of his wife to outsiders by a trip to her half-sister in Versailles [39] [40].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In June 1869, immediately after the birth of her third and last child with Richard Siegfried, Cosima wrote to von Bülow, she said, in her “last attempt to reach understanding” [41].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In response, Bulow admitted that Cosima “dedicated the treasures of her heart and mind to a higher being” [42].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Due to the need to comply with legal procedures, the marriage was finally dissolved by a Berlin court on July 18, 1870 [43].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

After the divorce, von Bülow stopped contact with Wagner and Kozima, he never talked to the first again and for the next eleven years with the second [44].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On August 25, 1870, Richard and Cosima were married in a Protestant church, although Cosima, baptized Catholicism, converted to Lutheranism only two years later [45].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Liszt was not notified of the marriage in advance and learned about it from the newspapers [46].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On December 25, the day Cosima always celebrated her birthday, even though it actually fell on the 24th, she woke up to the sound of music.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On the stairs of a house in Tribschen, a chamber orchestra invited by Wagner performed a work that became known as Siegfried Idyll [47].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Bayreuth


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The deception about the nature of Richard and Cosima's relationship seriously affected his friendship with Ludwig.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In addition, Ludwig, contrary to the composer's objections, insisted that the two completed operas from the cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen, Rhine Gold and Valkyrie be staged as soon as possible.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to the composer himself, the production was possible only after the complete completion of the entire cycle [48].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

To Wagner's deep displeasure, both operas premiered on September 22, 1869 and June 26, 1870, respectively, under the baton of Franz Wüllner [49].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

This strengthened the composer's belief that he needed his own theater and the opportunity to fully control the artistic process himself.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On May 5, 1870, Cosima, according to her diary, advised Richard to “look at an article about Bayreuth in the encyclopedia” (she wrote the name of the city with a mistake: Bayreuth) [50].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In April 1871, they traveled to Bayreuth and immediately decided to build a theater here and settle down [51].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner appointed his first festival for 1873, designating Bayreuth as the venue for the premiere of the Nibelung cycle [51].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The City Council, honoring this honor, presented the composer with a large plot of land on a hill overlooking the city for a theater to be built on it.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Ludwig refused to finance the project, the completion of the theater and the date of the first festival were repeatedly shifted, but finally in 1874, the king provided the necessary loan [52].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Along with the theater, a country house known as Wanfried was built, into which the Wagner family moved in on April 18, 1874 [53].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In 1875, the construction of the theater was completed [54].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

During this period, Cosima converted to Lutheranism.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Probably the only reason for this was the desire to follow Richard in everything; according to Hilms, “Cosima remained a pious Catholic until her death” [55].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In March 1876, Cosima learned that Marie d'Agou had died in Paris.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

While with her husband in Berlin, Cosima was unable to attend the funeral [56].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Since June, her diary entries have been almost entirely devoted to the rehearsals of the Ring of the Nibelung [57].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The festival took place from August 13 to August 30, 1876 and consisted of three premiere performances of the Nibelung cycle, all conducted by Hans Richter [58] [59].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

After the festival, Richard, Cosima and the children went to Venice and stayed there until the end of the year.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The festival brought heavy losses and disappointed the composer, who was seriously considering closing the project [60].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The following year, Richard received an invitation to give a series of concerts in London.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The Wagners, leaving their children, spent two months there.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima met with writer George Eliot, poet Robert Browning, and artist Edward Burne-Jones; the latter made several sketches for a portrait of Cosima.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On May 17, the Wagners received an audience with Queen Victoria at Windsor Castle [61].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The English tour did not bring much profit, but was a source of inspiration for Wagner.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Upon his return, he began work on Parsifal, which took the next five years [62].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to the composer, he could not compose a single note if his wife was not around.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

When Wagner was besieged by creditors demanding repayment of debts arising from the festival, Cosima convinced Ludwig to provide a loan that made it possible to repay the debts and opened up prospects for a second Bayreuth Festival [63] [64].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

To celebrate Cosima's birthday on December 25, 1878, Wagner hired an orchestra to perform the prelude to Parsifal and Siegfried Idyll [65].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Work on Parsifal slowed down due to the composer's poor health, but at the end of 1880 he announced that the next festival would be held in 1882 and would be entirely dedicated to the new work [66].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Richard insisted that Parsifal be staged only in Bayreuth [67], but in return Ludwig demanded that the festival be conducted by 1st Court Kapellmeister Hermann Levy.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

This caused indignation at Wagner, who objected to the “Christian” opera being conducted by a Jew [68].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Both Richard and Cosima were staunch anti-Semites.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to Hilms, Cosima inherited anti-Semitism from her father, Carolina Wittgenstein, possibly Madame Patersi and, later, from von Bulow, a “primitive anti-Semite” [69].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to Marek, Cosima's anti-Semitism was largely formed due to Wagner's influence; according to his calculations, Cosima's diary mentions Jews in a negative context on average on each the fourth page out of five thousand [70].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Hilms wrote about the difference between the composer, whose anti-Semitic views could change over time under the influence of personal experience, and Kozima, whose anti-Semitism remained unchanged [71].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

According to musicologist Thomas Gray, in the years following the death of her husband, Cosima's anti-Semitism further intensified [72].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Despite the composer's protests, Levy was appointed [73].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Later, the performance of Parsifal under the leadership of Levy was recognized as a reference [74].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the second Bayreuth Festival, Parsifal was performed sixteen times.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Wagner personally conducted the last performance [75] Both the composer himself and his wife were pleased with the second festival, and it also made a sufficient profit [76].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Friedrich Nietzsche, once a friend and admirer and now an opponent of Wagner, spoke critically about the premiere of the new opera: he considered Parsifal an abomination and saw it as the guilt of Cosima, who corrupted the composer and which invaded German culture, to which it did not belong [60].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Venice and widowhood


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

At the end of the festival, the Wagner family left for Venice.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

The Wagners needed a large house that could accommodate children and servants and allow them to receive guests, so they rented the mansion of Palazzo Vendramin Kalergi, which faces the Grand Canal [77].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

In autumn and winter, Richard's health deteriorated.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On February 12, Cosima made the last entry in her diary: she reported that Richard had read Fouquet's Ondine and played the crying of the Daughters of the Rhine from Rhine Gold on the piano [78].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On February 13, according to Isolde Wagner's memoirs, there was a violent quarrel between Richard and Kozima: Cosima was jealous of her husband for Carrie Pringle, an Englishwoman soprano who sang in Parsifal, with whom the composer allegedly was an affair.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Nowadays, there is no evidence that this novel existed, nor confirmation of Isolde's story [79].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Around noon, Wagner suffered a heart attack and died the same day [78] [80].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima spent more than a day at her husband's body, refusing to rest and eat (however, Carr suggests that the description of Cosima's grief may be exaggerated) [81].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

For the next two days, while the body was being prepared for the funeral, Cosima also stayed with her almost all the time.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

She asked her daughters to cut her hair, which was sewn into a pillow and placed on the chest of the deceased [82].


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

On February 16, the funeral motorcade left Venice and arrived in Wanfried two days later.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

After a short service, the composer was buried in the garden of his house.


Question: Who was Cosima Wagner by nationality?

Cosima Wagner

Cosima spent the months following her husband's death in retreat, even communicating with her children mainly by correspondence [83].