Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

In addition, there were categories of the population that were generally deprived of voting rights.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

These included foreign nationals, persons under 25 years of age, women, students, active military personnel, vagrant foreigners convicted of crimes, removed from office by court (within 3 years after dismissal), under trial and investigation, bankrupts (until the cause is determined - all except accidents), who are under guardianship (in addition to minors, deaf and dumb people were under guardianship , mentally ill and recognized as wasters), deprived of spiritual dignity for vices expelled from class societies by their sentences, as well as governors, vice-governors, mayors and their assistants (in territories entrusted to them) and police officers (working in the electoral district).


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

The elections were held in several steps:


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

for the city curia, two-stage: in St. Petersburg, Moscow and 24 large cities specified in the electoral law, voters elected electors for the city assembly, which then elected members of the Duma.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

for the landowning curia (in counties and all other cities), two- or three-stage: persons whose property was equal to or greater than the qualification established for a given locality at the county congress landowners elected delegates to the provincial assembly, which then elected members of the Duma.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Holders of 1/10 of the qualification and clergymen at preliminary district congresses elected commissioners, who then at county congresses, together with large landowners, elected electors for the provincial election assembly.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

for the working curia, three-stage: 1) the election of one authorized from workers from an enterprise with a number of workers of 50-1000 people or 1 authorized from each thousand workers for large enterprises, 2) election of electors at provincial gatherings of commissioners, 3) election of members of the Duma at the provincial electoral assembly;


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

for the peasant — four-stage: 1) elections of elected from 10 households, 2) election of commissioners from the volost at the volost assembly, 3) election of electors at the district congress of commissioners, 4) election of members Duma at the provincial or regional election congress [50].


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Thus, these curia (in 26 urban districts, electors were elected only by the city and workers' curia) elected electors to the constituency assembly, which was then elected at the electoral congress as many deputies as the law was supposed to elect from this district.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

The estate-curial system was recognized as more preferable than general, direct, equal and secret elections, since both the emperor and Prime Minister S. YU.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Witte feared that “in a peasant country where the majority of the population is not experienced in political art, free and direct elections will lead to the victory of irresponsible demagogues in the legislative the body will sit mainly by lawyers” [51].


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

135 constituencies were created, including 26 urban (34 deputies elected), 33 territorial-class, confessional, territorial-confessional and ethnic districts (40 deputies).


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

From 2 to 15 deputies were elected from the province, and from 1 to 6 from the city.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

European Russia elected 412 deputies (79%), Poland — 37 deputies (7%), the Caucasus — 29 (6%), Siberia and the Far East — 25 (4%), Central Asia and Kazakhstan — 21 (4%) [52].


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Elections were held mainly in February-March 1906, and in national districts and suburbs later, so that by the beginning of work, out of 524 deputies, about 480 had been elected, so the composition of the first Duma gradually was supplemented by incoming elected deputies.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

In many regions of Siberia, for example, elections were held in May-June 1906, in addition, the authorities worked out a mechanism for holding elections under martial law, so martial law was was introduced in all counties adjacent to the Siberian Railway line [50].


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Representatives of the left and far right parties boycotted the elections, the left believed that the Duma had no real power, and the far right generally had a negative attitude towards the very idea of parliamentarism, advocating the inviolability of the Autocracy.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Despite this, Mensheviks and socialist revolutionaries participated in the elections as independent candidates.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

IN. AND. Lenin later admitted that the boycott of the elections to the First State Duma “was a mistake” [53].


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Election results


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

As a result of the elections, seats in the I State Duma of the Russian Empire were distributed as follows:


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

The composition of the I State Duma of the Russian Empire was as follows: 121 farmers, 10 artisans, 17 factory workers, 14 traders, 5 manufacturers and factory managers, 46 landowners and managers of estates were elected , 73 zemstvo, city and noble employees, 16 priests, 14 officials, 39 lawyers, 16 doctors, 7 engineers, 16 professors and private associate professors, three gymnasium teachers, 14 rural teachers, 11 journalists and 9 persons with unknown occupations.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

At the same time, 111 members of the Duma held elected positions in zemstvo or city self-government (chairmen and members of zemstvo and city councils, mayors and heads of vowels).


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

See also


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

State Duma of the Russian Empire


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Revolution of 1905-1907 in Russia


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Elections to the II State Duma of the Russian Empire


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Elections to the III State Duma of the Russian Empire


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Elections to the IV State Duma of the Russian Empire


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Notes


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Literature


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

— Moscow: book publishing house “Vozrozhdenie”, 1906.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Mitrokhina N. IN. History of the First State Duma of the Russian Empire//History of State and Law.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

— 2000.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

— No. 2.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

— P. 29 — 36.


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

— Lecture on the PostNauka website by Kirill Solovyov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Category:State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 1st convocation


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Category:Elections of 1906


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Category:Elections in the Russian Empire


Question: When were the Elections to the First State Duma of the Russian Empire held?

Category: 1906 in Russia


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The defeat of roses by diseases and pests can significantly reduce their decorative effect, and in some cases lead to the death of plants [1].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The pathogenic mycoflora of roses has about 270 species [2].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In the conditions of Moscow and the Moscow region, about 49 species of phytophage insects are noted, including 32 leaf-eating, 13 sucking, 2 mining and 2 gall-forming.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The most harmful species in all groups and varieties of roses are the rosed descending sawfly (Ardis brunniventris Htg.), the rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae L.) and the common spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.) [3].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The work of rose breeders is aimed at breeding varieties that are resistant to fungal diseases [2].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Illnesses


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Powdery mildew


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is Sphaerotheca pannosa Lew.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

var.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

rosae Voron.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: white mealy coating in the form of gradually widening spots on leaves and stems with buds.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, the plaque becomes denser and becomes gray with numerous black fruit bodies of the wintering stage [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

There is a decrease in the assimilation surface of the leaves, which leads to depletion of plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In case of severe damage, the affected leaves, buds and flowers twist, dry out and fall, the shoots curl and stop their growth.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Years with rainy summers are favorable for the development of powdery mildew [2].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures include burning all plant residues and affected leaves and shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

When the first symptoms appear, spraying the bushes with one of the drugs: colloidal sulfur, thiovit jet, euparen multi, rayok, fitosporin-M, alirin, foundationazole, topaz, cumulus, skor, bayleton, impact [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Prevention: spraying with a decoction of horsetail, or nettle infusion [5].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rust


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the rust fungus Phragmidium disciflorum (Tode) Jaes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

[4] Fungi develop on the aerial parts of plants, feed on the contents of only living cells, and spread by spores.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In diseased plants, metabolism, water balance are disturbed, and photosynthesis energy decreases [6].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: Stems, young shoots and leaves are affected.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Yellow-orange tubercles (pycnidia) of the spring stage of fungus development appear from the cracks at the base of young green shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, shallow brown ulcers form at the site of the cracks.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On the underside of the leaves, unedged spots form with orange, dusty pustules, from which fungal spores fall out.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As a result of the development of the fungus, rose leaves turn yellow and fall off, young shoots bend and dry out.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In July, uredostadia develops, which is characterized by the appearance of small rusty brown pustules on the underside of the leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Yellow and reddish spots on the upper side of the leaf, growing, cover its entire area.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The shoots thicken, deform and crack.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In late summer and early autumn, pustules darken, the teleitostage of the fungus develops, in this form the fungus winters in the affected stems and fruits.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The last two stages can lead to reduced growth, premature drying of leaves, weakening of plants, and in severe cases, plant death.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

High humidity contributes to the development of the disease, especially during the initial growing season.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Hot, dry weather inhibits the development of the disease [7].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: as a preventive measure, before the leaves grow, roses are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid (1%), Burgundy liquid, iron sulfate (3%) [8] or bayleton (0.2%) [7], if necessary repeating spraying after 10 days.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Fallen leaves affected by the fungus are collected and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In autumn and spring, diseased rose shoots are cut and destroyed, the soil in the rose garden is dug up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is also recommended to alternate treatment with preparations containing mancozeb (Ridomil Gold, Profit) and penconazole (Topaz), or fungicides containing the active ingredients tebuconazole and triadimefon (Bayleton, Folikourt, Falcon) [9].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Bark necrosis


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

A disease of woody plants caused by fungi, less often by bacteria.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is characterized by local death of the bark and cambium of trunks and branches.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The affected areas are more often oblong in shape, of different sizes, growing along and around the circumference of the trunks and branches.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Often, the bark of necrotic areas differs in color from the healthy one.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As the disease progresses, the affected areas are separated from the healthy ones by callus rollers or cracks.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In the case of fungal origin of necrosis, specific formations appear on the bark: stromas, various sporification and fruiting bodies of pathogens [10].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Infectious burn (bark cancer, stem cancer) of roses


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Common, or European, rose cancer


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Nectria galligena (Bres.) Rossman & Samuels (syn. Nectria galligena).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: elongated brown spots form in the lower part of the stems, in the forks and in the upper part of the grafted standard roses.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Gradually, the bark lightens, dries up, cracks along the necrosis and a deep brown ulcer opens with edges raised due to the influx of callus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The ulcer deepens, the stem wood dies, and it dries up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At the edges of the ulcer, sporification of the fungus forms in the form of whitish-cream pads that dry out and darken.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In addition to roses, gores, young apple trees, maples, beech, hornbeam are susceptible to this disease.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: before the leaves open, spray the bushes with Bordeaux liquid, Burgundy liquid, abiga peak or their substitutes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected shoots are removed and burned [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Diplodium cortical necrosis


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Diplodia rosarum Fr.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: bark necrosis in the form of large dark brown merging areas of dried bark.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Numerous small black fruit bodies of the fungus grow under the bark, the bark dies off and the affected stems dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In severe damage, large brown spots of irregular shape, without border, appear on the leaves, on which small fruit bodies of the wintering stage of the fungus form.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tubercularial cortical necrosis, or Nectrian necrosis


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is Tubercularia vulgaris Tode fungus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

, the conidial stage of Nectria cinnabarina (Tode.) Fr.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is found on many types of trees and shrubs, including red currants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The development of the fungus causes the death of bark and bast.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: stems and leaves of roses quickly turn brown and dry up, numerous sporification pads form on the affected bark, initially pinkish-red, later brown, up to 2 mm in diameter.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: spray the bushes with Bordeaux liquid or its substitutes before the leaves open.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected shoots are removed and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: before the leaves open, spray the bushes with Bordeaux liquid, abiga peak or their substitutes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Diaport stem crayfish


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Diaporthe umbrina Jenk.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: small purple spots merge together on the bark.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, they turn gray, dry up and turn into shallow brown ulcers surrounded by a thin reddish-purple border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On the surface of the affected tissue, sporification forms in the form of small black, concentrically located small dots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected stems wither up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In case of severe damage, numerous small irregularly shaped spots also form on the leaves, surrounded by a reddish-purple border with sporification in the form of concentrically located dots


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected shoots are removed and burned [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Cytosporosis, or drying of branches


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Cytospora rosarum Grev.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: browning and death of the bark.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Numerous convex stromas in the form of gray-brown tubercles form on the affected areas.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The affected bark does not peel off, but urinates.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Shrinking branches


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug et Fr.) Ces.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

et De Notaris


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: The branches turn brown and dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On the affected areas, cushion-shaped or flattened cone-shaped numerous stromas are formed, often arranged in close groups and merge.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Fruit bodies are single-row, brown, immersed in stroma.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Drying of branches can also be caused by types of fungi such as: Eutypa flavovirescens, Cucurbitaria occulta, Valsella rosae, Valsa ceratophara, Microdiplomatic rosarum, Spaeropsis rosarum, Hendersonia canina and others.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In all cases, stromas form in the form of tubercles of various shapes and colors on the affected areas.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: before the leaves open, spray the bushes with Bordeaux liquid, abiga peak or their substitutes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Gray rot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Root rot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tracheomycotic rose wilt


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Pathogens are Fusarium oxysporum Schl fungi.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

(mycelium is pinkish white, dense) and Verticillum dahliae Kleb.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

(mycelium is grayish, not dense).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They live in the soil, persist for many years on plant debris.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: the root system is affected, the roots turn brown and rot, the mycelium grows into the vessels of the root neck and shoots, and the flow of nutrients stops.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In plants, the tops of young shoots droop, which then turn brown and dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In plants in the initial stage of vegetation, buds turn brown and dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The disease often leads to the death of plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

This wilting differs from non-infectious wilting by the characteristic darkening of the vessels on the cross-section of the shoot.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The disease is more common when growing roses in low areas with stagnant water, on heavy, poorly aerated soils and when there is a lack of sunlight.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: timely culling of affected plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At the first symptoms - soil spillage with a solution of the drug Fitomporin-M, Alirin-B, gamair.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Prevention: etching the root system of seedlings and cuttings with bactophyte, vitaros, maxim [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

White sclerotic rose rot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) W. Phillips.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It causes decay of young growing roots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As a result of the lesion, the supply of nutrients from the soil stops.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: The plant stops growing, turns brown and gradually dries up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The affected tissues of the roots and root neck are covered with a white dense cotton-like coating, in which large, irregular sclerotia forms over time (black, light inside).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Brown watery spots may appear on the leaves, the plants do not bloom and usually die in the year of infection.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The infection persists by sclerotia in soil and plant debris for many years and can affect many ornamental garden plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At the first symptoms - soil spillage with a solution of the preparation Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, gamair.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Bacterial diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Bacterial root cancer


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Sm. et Town.) Conn.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

(syn. Bacterium tumefaciens).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: uneven tuberous growths of various sizes form on the roots, root neck, and sometimes on stems (especially root roses).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In the initial stage, they are soft and light, gradually darken and harden, and later rot [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected plants are inhibited, stunted and die with a strong development of the disease.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The disease is especially dangerous for young plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Bacteria remain in the soil for 3 to 4 years.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

This disease can be transferred when roses are transplanted to new sites.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: pruning the affected roots and then disinfecting them with a 1% solution of copper sulfate for 2-3 minutes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In case of severe damage, burn the plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As a preventive measure, they refrain from planting roses in previously occupied areas for 3-4 years [11].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is recommended to reject purchased plants with growths in the root neck area [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Bacterial stem cancer


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: Rounded, brown, depressed spots without fringing appear on the bark of young stems.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The affected bark dies off, deep brown ulcers form under it.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected stems gradually dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rounded, watery, almost black spots form on the leaves of diseased plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In dry weather, the middle of the spots dries up, cracks and falls out, forming holes with a dark border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In wet weather, the spots merge, the leaves turn black and fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The infection persists in plant debris and wood of the affected bushes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: timely culling and burning of severely affected plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Pruning single dried stems, cleaning and disinfection with 5% copper sulfate solution, covering ulcers and sections with oil paint based on drying oil.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Prevention: spraying the bushes before the leaves open with a 1% Bordeaux mixture or its substitutes, if necessary, re-treatment before winter shelter [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Viral infections


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Roses infect many viruses: rose streak virus, rose wilt virus, tomato bronzing virus (TSWV), tobacco necrosis virus (TNV), ringspot virus tomato (TorSV), rezukha mosaic virus (ArmV), tobacco striped virus (TRV), tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), plum necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), mosaic virus Apple trees (APmV), a strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV), often presents a mixed infection of two viruses.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The symptoms of the diseases are very similar, the differences are often caused not by the virus, but by the characteristics of the rose variety.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Accurate detection of the virus is possible only by laboratory methods [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose leaf striping


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose streak virus — Rose streak virus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: brown rings and speckled vein fringes appear on young leaves, and vague streaks and spots of greenish-brown color appear on shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected plants are stunted and bloom poorly.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: Affected leaves and shoots are cut off and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In case of severe damage, plants are dug up and burned [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

During and after pruning, garden tools are disinfected in alcohol or 1% solution of potassium permanganate.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Viral wilting of the rose


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose wilt virus — Rose wilt virus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: young shoots grow, the leaves are deformed, become narrow and even threadlike, gradually turn brown and dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Buds do not form, the bushes are stunted and gradually dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tomato bronzing virus


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tomato bronzing virus — Tomatto spotted wilt virus (TSWV).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: At first, pale areas appear on the leaves, lightening of the veins of the apical leaves, then the leaf tissue dies off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The leaves turn yellow, smaller.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

There may be ring spots, banding, deformation of leaves and flowers.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The virus infects (tomatoes, tobacco, flower crops), is transmitted with plant sap, and is carried by thrips in the larval stage.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In case of severe damage, plants are dug up and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Systematic control of thrips is recommended as a preventive measure [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tobacco necrosis virus


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) is a well-known virus that has been studied in detail on other host plants (affects plants of more than 40 families).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It has been reported to be found in the roots of plants of the genus Rubus [12].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Transmitted with plant sap and zoospores Olphidium brassicae


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: irregularly shaped necrotic spots appear on the leaves in the form of dead tissue areas, the veins darken, the leaves die off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Deformation of leaves, dwarfism of plants, lack of flowering may be observed.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is transmitted with plant sap.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tomato ringspot virus


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tomato ringspot virus — Tomatto ringsport virus (TorSV).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is distributed everywhere, it affects plants of 35 families.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It appears as ring spot, chlorosis, leaf wrinkle, necrotic spot and jaundice.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

A characteristic feature is the alternation of light and dark green areas.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is transmitted with plant sap, nematodes, plant seeds (strawberries, tobacco).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: Affected leaves and shoots are cut off and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

During and after pruning, garden tools are disinfected in alcohol or 1% solution of potassium permanganate [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rezukha mosaic virus


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rezukha mosaic virus — Arabis mosaic virus (ArmV).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It affects many plant species (strawberries, raspberries, honeysuckle, etc.).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is transmitted by nematodes, with plant sap, in some species by seeds


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It appears in the form of small diffuse spots, gradually covering the entire leaf blade, irregularly shaped chlorotic zones, lightening of small veins, ring spot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In case of severe damage, plants are dug up and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

During and after pruning, garden tools are disinfected in alcohol or 1% solution of potassium permanganate.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Systematic control of thrips is recommended as a preventive measure [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tobacco curly stripe virus


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Tobacco striped curly virus — Tobacco rattle virus (TRV).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Well studied; it is transmitted with plant sap, through nematodes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It has a wide range of hosts, including members of the genus Rubus [12].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is well preserved in plant residues.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: light green masaic pattern on leaves, flowers, young shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Spots of various shapes, deformation of leaves and petals.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose jaundice


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is mycoplasmas.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Vectors: leafhoppers and leaf blocks.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: young leaves turn yellow veins, leaf blades lighten, rise vertically, and often deform.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, large areas of yellow color appear.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As a result of jaundice, the plant weakens, which is manifested in the appearance of thin and chlorotic shoots, the petals are often deformed.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: Affected leaves and shoots are cut off and burned.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

During and after pruning, garden tools are disinfected in alcohol or 1% solution of potassium permanganate [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Leaf spots


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose pestalotia


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Pestalotia rosae West.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: Brown spots appear along the edges of the leaf blades, growing towards the middle.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

There is often a characteristic yellow band at the border of healthy and damaged tissue.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Numerous grayish rounded pads of fungal sporification form on the upper side of the spots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected leaves turn yellow and dry out prematurely.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On young shoots, more often in greenhouses, depressed necrosis of grayish-brown color appear, on which sporification in the form of grayish pads also develops.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Later, the mycelium penetrates into the shoot wood, necrosis deepens, becomes an ulcer.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The shoots gradually dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The infection persists in plant debris and affected stems.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: pruning and burning affected branches, treating plants on the bark before buds open with Bordeaux liquid (1%), Burgundy liquid, iron sulfate (3%) [8], bayleton (0.2%) or Abiga Peak.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Collection and burning of affected leaves [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Peronosporosis, or downy mildew, roses


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Pathogens are fungi from the Peronospore family, a class of oomycetes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In particular, Pseudoperonospora sparsa.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They reproduce by two-flagellate zoospores or conidia.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The fungus infects the green parts of the plant, mainly the leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Spots form on the diseased parts, on the underside of which a whitish, grayish or purple coating appears - fungal sporangia (zoosporangia with sporangiuchus).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Zoosporangia can occur many times during the growing season: when spread by air, they serve as the main source of infection.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The development of the disease is enhanced by high humidity of air and soil.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Most pathogens have an annual mycelium, dying off along with infected parts of the plant, but it can also be perennial, persisting in bulbs, roots, etc.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

wintering organs.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

All species of fungi of the peronospore family are obligate and highly specialized parasites relative to host plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures include proper agricultural technology, selection of resistant varieties, pollination or spraying plants with fungicides [14].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

According to one of the sources, the following damage is observed in peronosporosis: the bark of the shoots cracks, becomes covered with “sores”.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Small red-brown or purple spots of angular shape (with straight sides of the spot) appear on young leaves, and the leaf gradually deforms.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

If the stain reaches the central vein of the leaf, the leaf falls off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Purple spots can also appear on the shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On adult leaves, the leaf tissue becomes faded and soft in some places, the color does not change, then this spot quickly turns red-brown and dries, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, the flowers and buds are deformed.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sometimes a barely noticeable grayish coating appears on the wrong side.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The outer petals of the buds turn black and fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The bushes are stunted.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The development of the disease is facilitated by high humidity and cool weather, in dry and hot weather, the disease subsides.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Downy mildew is quite easy to confuse with black spot.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The difference is that with downy mildew, the plant usually loses its leaves from top to bottom (with black spot, vice versa).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At the same time, leaf loss occurs in a couple of days.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: Affected shoots are cut and burned (the fungus overwinters in young shoots).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Drugs used against late blight are effective: Profit, Ridomil Gold [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Black spot, or marsonin, rose


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is Marssonina rosae.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The fungus attacks leaves, sometimes green shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On the upper side of the leaves, purple-white, then almost black, radiant, rounded spots form, on which numerous beds in the form of blackish scabs appear over time.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The affected leaves become gray-brown in color, curl and fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Some varieties may lose their leaves completely by autumn [2].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Treatment: alternate spraying with preparations containing mancozeb (Profit, Ridomil Gold) and triazole (Topaz, Skor) no more than three times at weekly intervals [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Septoria rose spot, or Septoria leaf spot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Septoria rosae Desm.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Signs of the lesion: Numerous rounded spots on the upper side of the leaves, initially dark brown, later the affected tissue in the center lightens, but there is always a thin brown rim.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, small black fruit bodies of the wintering stage form.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected leaves turn yellow and fall off prematurely.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

When the fungus spreads strongly, spots appear on petioles and young shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On the shoots, the spots are small, rounded, light in the center, surrounded by a thin brown rim.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As the bark dies off and fruit bodies form in it, the affected shoots gradually dry up.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The fungus persists in fallen affected leaves and in the bark of affected shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Treatment measures, as in cases of black spot and peronosporosis [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Phyllostictose rose spot, or leaf phyllostictosis


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is Phyllosticta rosae Desm fungus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Signs of the lesion: rounded, scattered, dark brown leaf spots with a broad purple-brown border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, the center of the damaged tissue turns ash-gray, but the wide purple border always remains.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is Phyllosticta rosarum Pass fungus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Signs of lesion: grayish-white spots with a broad crimson border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In the center of the spots, small dotted black fruit bodies of the wintering stage of fungi form.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The infection persists in fallen leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Ascochitous rose spot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Causative agent: Ascochyta rosicola Sacc fungus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: Numerous, rounded (or irregular) yellowish-white spots with a thin brown border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Over time, small convex brown fruit bodies of the wintering stage of the fungus form in the tissue affected by the fungus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The leaves turn yellow and fall off before the end of the growing season.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The infection persists on fallen leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: drugs used against late blight are effective: Profit, Ridomil Gold [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Purple rose spot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Sphaceloma rosarium (Pass.) Jenk.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

{syn.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Phyllosticta rosarium Pass.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

, Gloeosporium rosarium (Pass.) Grove.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Signs of damage: Small multiple rounded purple, sometimes black spots form on the upper side of the leaves, bordered by a wide crimson stripe.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Later, the spots lighten in the center to grayish, but the narrow purple-brown border remains.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Small black fruit bodies, pycnidia, form on the spots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

On the underside of the leaf blade, the spots are brown, merging.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected leaves fall off, flowers are underdeveloped.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

With a strong spread of the disease, dark brown spots with a white center also appear on green shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Treatment measures, as in cases of black spot lesions [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Grayish rose spot, or cercosporosis


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Cercospora rosiola Pass.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: Numerous rounded spots appear on the leaf surface, 1-5 mm in diameter, initially dirty brown, with a dark purple border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Later, the center of the spot turns gray, and the border remains dark purple.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sporification develops on the upper side of the damaged tissue in the form of black dotted hemispherical pads.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Severely spotted leaves turn yellow and fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The disease is easily confused with black spot.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The control measures are the same as for black spot and peronosporosis [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Brown rose spot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Causative agent: fungus Monochaetia depazeoides Sacc.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: on the upper side of the leaves there are brown spots with a dark border (rounded or angular, up to 6 mm in diameter), on the underside the spots are light brown without a border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sporification in the form of small black hemispherical pads on the upper side of damaged leaf tissue.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The infection persists on fallen leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: drugs used against late blight are effective: Profit, Ridomil Gold [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose leaf spot


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The causative agent is the fungus Coryneum confusum Bub.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

et Kab.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Signs of the lesion: brown, irregularly shaped, growing spots that eventually cover the entire leaf, in some cases, the spots are characterized by a yellow or red border.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sporification on the upper side of the leaves in the form of slightly submerged flat blackish depressions.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures, as in cases of black spot and peronosporosis [13].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Ramulariasis of rose leaves


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Pathogen: Ramularia banksiana mushroom (Pass.) Sacc.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: leaves dry up and turn brown, fungal sporification is small, white, crowded bundles.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Noncommunicable diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sunburn


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It occurs when roses have been indoors or in shade for a long time, are transferred to the bright sun.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The leaves turn bronze-brown.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

With a severe burn, white patches of dying tissues appear on them.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Prevention: removable shading of bushes after transfer to the planting site open to the sun.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Gradual accustomed to increased insolation.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Physiological aging


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Grafted roses age over time.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Diseases accumulate, the root neck thickens, and subsequently affects by fungi and bacteria, and rootstock shoots grow [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Lack of batteries


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Nitrogen deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: young leaves turn pale green, become smaller, fall off before the end of the growing season; flowering worsens, shoots shorten, winter hardiness decreases.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Magnesium deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: tissue death along the central vein of old leaves, followed by their fall before the end of the growing season.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Potassium deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: young leaves become smaller, turn red, over time, necrosis of the edge of the leaf blades appears and the leaves fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Phosphorus deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: leaves are small, dark green above, reddish below, fall off before the end of the growing season, shoots are weak without flowers, flowering is uneven.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Manganese deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: chlorosis between the veins on old leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Iron deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: the apical leaves turn yellow entirely, or in the space between the veins, then dry up and fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Root roses are more likely to suffer from iron deficiency.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Prevention: at the beginning of the growing season, foliar top dressing with 0.5—0.7% solution of iron sulfate or 1% iron citrate solution.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Root system jamming.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Symptoms: Yellow spots appear in the middle of the leaf plates, increasing and turning brown over time.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The leaves fall off, the root system dies off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Plants often die.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Prevention: 1-2 top dressing per season with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and trace elements [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Pesticide toxicity


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

With an increase in the frequency of pesticide treatments or the concentration of solutions, leaf lesions may be observed.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The toxicity of pesticides to plants depends on air humidity and temperature.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

For example, treatment with sulfur or actellic is effective only at temperatures above 18° C, and the use of preparations containing copper at low temperatures can cause shock [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Chlorosis


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is observed when there is a lack of nutrients.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The leaves turn pale green or yellowish, with the leaf veins remaining green.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Dark buds appear on the leaves, and the edges of the leaves dry.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Leaves and shoot ends dry up and fall off.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Reasons: lack of minerals, inability of the plant to absorb nutrients due to stagnation of water in the root zone, poor watering, suboptimal soil acidity.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

pests


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Green rose aphid


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Green rose aphid (Latin: Macrosiphum rosae).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In addition to roses, it is found on apple and pear trees.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The body is herbaceous green, with shiny yellow-brown antennae longer than the body.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Eggs overwinter on annual shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In April, larvae emerge from eggs.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Juice is sucked out of buds, young shoots, leaves, buds.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Later they enter the adult phase and multiply.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

During the summer, aphids form several generations.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

As a result of aphid feeding, leaves and shoots are deformed, the buds do not open.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Aphids are often located in dense colonies on young shoots, buds and leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They feed on cell sap, causing wrinkling of leaves, ugly twisting, wilting and death of young shoots.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Affected buds do not open [1].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: treatment in early spring before the kidneys swell with contact insecticides.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Later, one of the following insecticides is used: actellic, antio, karbofos, metathion, rogor and others [15], created on the basis of alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, dimethoate, imidacloprid, malathion, phenitrothion, methylnitrophos, fosalone, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin [16] and other substances.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Leaf beetles


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Strawberry leaf beetle, Smooth clitre, Shiny fawn leaf beetle, Hiddenhead two-spot, Cruciferous flea, Horseradish leaf beetle, or cabbage, Yellow-legged leaf beetle [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: insecticides.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Common spider mite


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In the conditions of the Moscow Region, the spider mite develops in 5—6 generations, the period of severity is from the beginning of June to the first decade of September [3].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Signs of the lesion are the presence of small white dots on the leaves (mainly on the underside) and the presence of a thin spider web surrounding the plant (or part thereof).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The leaf becomes discolored, turns gray, and later brown.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Spraying plants with acrex at a concentration of 0.08% or isophene — 0.05, omite — 0.1% and other acaricides.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The development of ticks is hampered by spraying with cold water on the lower surface of the leaves 3-4 times a day.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In greenhouses, the predatory mite phytoseiulus (Phytoseiulus persimilis) is used at the rate of predator: prey is 1:70 or 1:100.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At the same time, relative air humidity is maintained at 70-80% [17].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In conditions of closed ground, preparations of the avermectin group are the most harmless: actofit, fitoverm, vermitek.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

These drugs do not work on eggs and non-feeding, waiting for molting, larvae and protonymphs of the tick.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At a temperature of +20°C, a minimum of 3 treatments are required with an interval of 9-10 days.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

At +30°C, 3-4 treatments every 3-4 days [18].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rosed leafhopper


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rosed leafhopper (Latin: Typhlocyla rosae) is an insect with a piercing-sucking mouthpiece, yellowish, yellowish-green in color, 3.5-4 mm long.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The body is oblong-elongated, tapers towards the end, there are two dark spots on the head, the head is the same width as the chest, the wings are longer than the body, translucent with clearly visible veins, fold in a blood-like manner.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Adults are very mobile, they jump well and, when disturbed, can fly.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The larvae are sedentary, whitish, transparent, later greenish-yellow in color, wingless, and at the last larval stage they develop wings.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Leafhoppers overwinter in the adult stage.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They feed on blossoming leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Adults and larvae, being on the underside of the leaves, suck out the sap, while whitish dots appear on the upper side, and the leaf tissues in the interveinal zone discolor.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

There are also white skins that remain after the larvae molt.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

With numerous injections, the spots merge, forming extensive areas and causing early yellowing of the leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

During the summer, the leafhopper gives 3-4 generations.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The fight against leafhoppers is most effective during the mass appearance of larvae.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It is recommended to carry out two insecticide treatments at intervals of 10-12 days with the capture of the territory adjacent to the plantations.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sawflies


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Slimy Cherry Sawfly, Variable Rose Sawfly, Mucous Rose Sawfly, Rose Sawfly Woodlouse, Rose Sawfly, Green Rose Sawfly, Descending Rose Sawfly, Strawberry sawfly, or strawberry allanthus.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

False caterpillars feed on leaves.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They overwinter, as a rule, in the surface layer of the soil under forage plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In the conditions of the Moscow region, the rosed downward sawfly develops in one generation, the period of harmfulness is from the end of May to the end of July [3].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Nutworks


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Roseanne goldstone


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rosed, or currant, narrow-bodied gold (Latin: Agrilus cuprescens).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The beetle is 5.9-7.0 mm long.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

It causes the formation of galls, complete drying of both individual branches and bushes.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: rose shoots affected by gold are cut to healthy tissue and burned [19]


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Thrips


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Raspberry stalk gall


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Raspberry stalk midges (Latin: Lasioptera rubi).


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The mosquito is 1.6-2.2 mm long, black, with a brown back covered with light yellow hairs.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The legs are brown-yellow, the wings are transparent.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They fly in May-July.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

They damage raspberries, blackberries, roses.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Females lay 8—15 eggs each.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

After 8-10 days, microscopic legless larvae hatch, which penetrate under the bark and, feeding on shoot juice, cause the formation of galls at the site of damage, reaching 3 cm in length and 2 cm in width .


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

The larvae stay for the winter in the galls.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

In spring, each gall contains 2—11 orange-yellow larvae.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Control measures: In autumn or early spring, damaged shoots with galls are burned [20].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Lepidoptera


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Rose flat leaf screwdriver, Rose leaf driver, Real rose leaf driver, Fruit leaf driver, Narrow-winged changeable leafworm, Snakespot baby moth, Apple ermine moth, White-winged Chekhlonoska, Bi-striped moth moth, Crested moth, Ripped off moth, Cabbage scoop, Gamma scoop, Oxalic Sagittarius, Sagittarius psi, Maple archer, Sagittarius trident, Early violet-gray scoop, Early brown-gray scoop, Redtail, Antique wolf, Small night peacock eye [4].


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Leaf cutter bees


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Members of the clan Megachile.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Nematodes


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Common snout


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Notes


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

References


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Literature


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Sinadsky Yu.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

V., Kozarzhevska E.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

F., Mukhina L. N. et al.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

/Diseases and pests of introduced plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

— M.: Nauka, 1990.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

272 p.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

YU.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

IN. Sinadsky, I. T. Korneyeva, and I. B.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Dobrochinsk, etc.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

/Pests and diseases of flower and ornamental plants.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1982.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Misko L. A./Roses.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Diseases and protective measures.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1986.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

248 p.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Fetisov A. P., Lyakh V. M., Pasyan K. et al.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

/Roses in greenhouses.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

— Moscow: Nauka, 2003.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

164 p.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

2008 year.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Supplement to the journal “Plant Protection and Quarantine”, No. 6.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Moscow, 2008.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

542 p.


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link)


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Category:Rose growing


Question: How many species does the pathogenic mycoflora of roses have?

Rose pests and diseases

Category:Plant diseases


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

“Letters to K. X. H. Y. English: The K.H. Letters to C.W. Leadbeater is a book published in 1941 in Adyar by the famous theosopher Churuppumullaj Jinarajadasa.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The book was reprinted in 1980.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The original letters of Tibetan Mahatma Kut Humi to a member of the Theosophical Society Ch. Leadbeater is kept in the archives of the Society's central headquarters in Adyar.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

In 1919, Jinarajadasa took part in the compilation and editing of a collection of letters from mahatmas, which included three letters from K. X.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Leadbeater.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

When preparing the collection, Jinarajadas, using the documents of the archive, he compiled notes to the published letters.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

However, later he decided to comment on these three letters in more detail, including in his book fragments of other letters from the mahatmas, a letter from E.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

P. Blavatsky Ch. Leadbeater of June 23, 1886, a memoir by former Leadbeater student James Matley, as well as entries from Leadbeater's diary and excerpts from his book “How Theosophy Came to Me”.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The 1980 reissue lists three authors of the book “Letters to K. X. H. Y. Leadbeater”: Kut Humi, Leadbeater and Jinarajadasa.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The question of the existence of a person who could be identified with Kut Humi remains controversial to date [1].


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Followers of theosophy attribute to Kut Humi a number of supernatural properties, the existence of which is categorically denied by modern science, including the ability to receive and transmit information” occult way.”


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Leadbeater as addressee


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Among authors close to theosophy, there was an opinion not only about the low value of Charles Leadbeater's works, but also about the real dangers of his books for the inexperienced reader.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The credibility of Leadbeater's occult research was challenged by his critics, and his reports were called, at best, unconscious creations of thought.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

A member of the Theosophical Society of J.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Hodson, believing that these critics are mistaken, recalled the letters of Mahatma Kut Humi received by Leadbeater:


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

“One of the charges is that Leadbeater's meetings with the Teachers of Wisdom were only imaginary, that is, the result of unconscious projections of his own thoughts. However, it should be remembered that he received two letters from one of the Masters, quite substantive and tangible, which were transmitted occultly because of the Himalayas. These letters are objective, they are quite physical objects and they are still stored in the archives of the Theosophical Society” [2].


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

First letter


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Jinarajadasa writes that C. Y. Leadbeater, as a clergyman of the Church of England (in Bramshot County) and a member of the Theosophical Society, said he had a deep interest in spiritualism for many years, especially phenomena that confirmed not only the existence of hidden forces in nature, but also of disembodied beings controlling them.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

He claimed that he most often dealt with, whom he considered a very honest, intelligent and accommodating medium.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

Eglinton's spirit leader named “Ernest” agreed to give Mahatma Kut Humi a letter in which Leadbeater “respectfully” said that since he first heard of theosophy, his only the desire was to become a disciple of the mahatma (brow).


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

He also informed him of his circumstances at that time and asked if he had to stay in India for a seven-year probation period.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The letter was sent to Teacher K. X.


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

March 3, 1884 [3].


Question: When did Jinarajadasa participate in compiling and editing a collection of mahatmas letters?

Letters to K.H. C.W. Leadbeater

The answer to K. X.