Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Before the 33rd round of the Spanish league, Barcelona and Atletico had the same number of points in the standings, but Luis Suarez's excellent performance helped the Blue-Garnet win the second championship in a row .


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On April 20, in an away match of the 34th round of the championship against Deportivo at the Riazor Stadium, he became the best player of the game, scoring 4 goals and making 3 assists.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

The game ended with the defeat of the opponent with a score of 8:0.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

After that, he scored in each of the remaining rounds, including poker for Sporting Gijón (6-0) and a hat-trick for Granada (3-0).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

He also won the Copa del Rey for the second year in a row with the Catalans (they defeated Sevilla 2-0 in the final).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

At the end of the season, the Uruguayan became the top scorer and assistant of the championship with 40 goals, the top scorer of the Copa del Rey and won the European Golden Boot.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Season 2016/2017


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

He scored his first goal of the new season on 14 August 2016 in the first leg of the Spanish Super Cup against Sevilla (2-0).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In the Spanish league, Suarez scored in the first round, scoring a hat-trick against Betis (6-2).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

He scored his first goals in the UEFA Champions League in the first round against Celtic, scoring a brace.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

The match ended with a 7-0 defeat of the opponent.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On September 11, in the league match against Alaves (1-2), he played his 100th match wearing a Barcelona shirt.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In a hundred games for the “blue-garnet”, the footballer scored 88 times, which is a record figure in the history of the club.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On October 22, in a difficult Primera match against Valencia at the Mestalla, he scored a goal and made an assist, which allowed the Catalans to win a comeback 3-2 victory.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On December 16, Barcelona's official website announced the extension of the contract with the player until 2021, and the amount of compensation for the player amounted to 200 million euros.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On December 18, the Uruguayan managed to score a brace in the Catalan derby against Espanyol, the meeting ended with the victory of the blue-garnet” with a score of 4:1.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On January 9, 2017, it was reported that Suarez had joined the FIFA All-Star World Team.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On February 1, in the second leg of the Copa del Rey Round of 16 between Barcelona and Athletic Bilbao, the striker scored his 100 goal for the Catalan club.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In order to reach this mark, the forward needed 120 matches.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On 7 February, in the second leg of the Copa del Rey semi-final against Atletico Madrid (1-1), he received two yellow cards in three minutes, with the Uruguayan receiving the second card for elbowing Coke.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Later, the Disciplinary Committee of Spain extended the suspension of the player to two matches.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

National team career


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Suarez was called up to Uruguay's under-20 qualifying round for the 2007 World Cup, but his then club Groningham did not let the forward go.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

At the tournament itself, he played at the proper level, scoring 2 goals in 4 matches [62].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Suarez brought a draw in the group stage match against Spain [63].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

And he scored against the United States in the 1/8 finals, when the Stars and Stripes won 2-1 and knocked La Celeste out of the tournament [64].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On 8 February 2007, Suarez made his debut for the national first team, defeating Colombia 3-1.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

However, the debut was overshadowed by the second yellow card, which led to a penalty in the 85th minute.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Luis played in 19 of the 20 qualifying matches for the 2010 World Cup, including the play-offs, scoring five goals [62].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

2010 World Championship


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

At the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, Uruguay reached the quarter-finals thanks to Suarez's brace against South Korea.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In the quarter-finals of the Uruguay-Ghana match, he earned a red card in the 120th minute, knocking the ball off the goal line of Uruguay with both hands (defender Jorge Fusile, who was nearby at the time, also raised his hands but the ball hit Suarez).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In the same episode earlier, Suarez repulsed a powerful kick from the goal line with his knee.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

As a result, Luis saved Uruguay from defeat: Asamoah Gyan did not score a penalty, hitting the crossbar, and the Uruguayans won the penalty shootout.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Copa America 2011


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On July 24, 2011, the Uruguayans defeated Paraguay 3-0 in the Copa America final.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Luis scored the first goal of the match and also scored an assist.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In just six matches at the Copa America, Suarez scored four goals and became the best player of the tournament [65].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On 11 November 2011, he scored poker (4 goals in one match) against Chile in 32 minutes in the qualifying tournament for the 2014 World Cup.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

2014 World Championship


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

At the 2014 World Cup in Brazil, Suarez, who did not have time to fully recover from injury, missed the first match of the tournament against Costa Rica (Uruguay lost 1-3).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In the second match, thanks to a brace by Suarez, who appeared in the starting lineup, Uruguay defeated the European team for the first time after a 44-year break at the World Cup against England.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On June 24, in the last match of the group stage against Italy, Suarez bit the shoulder of rival defender Giorgio Chiellini in the 79th minute, but this violation was not noticed by an experienced Mexican referee Marco Rodriguez [66].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

The referee also did not react to the protests of the Italians and the bite mark on Chiellini's shoulder [67], and two minutes later Uruguay got the right to a corner, after which Diego Godin scored the only goal in the game.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Uruguay reached the 1/8 finals (in case of a draw, Italy went further).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

The FIFA Disciplinary Committee considered the incident with Suarez, who bit a man on the field for the third time in his career, on June 26 and found the Uruguayan striker guilty of unsportsmanlike behavior.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

As a punishment, Suarez was suspended for nine official matches of the national team, starting with the 1/8 final game Colombia vs Uruguay.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Suarez is also suspended for four months from any football-related activity, including administrative activities.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In addition, Suarez will be obliged to pay a fine of 100 thousand Swiss francs (more than 82 thousand euros) [68].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Play style


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Suarez is a forward in a broad sense: he can play both at the forefront of the attack (center forward) and in the delay (on the flanks or in the position of the so-called “ten”).


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Sponsorships


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Suarez has a sponsorship contract with Adidas, a German supplier of equipment and sportswear.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Personal life


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Suarez was born in Salto, Uruguay [69].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Louis is the fourth child in a family with seven brothers.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

When Luis was 7 years old, the family moved to Montevideo, his mother worked as a cleaner at the train station, and his father, a retired military man, interrupted odd jobs [70].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Two years after moving, the parents separated.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Luisito lived with his mother and brothers, but continued to be in contact with his father.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On the streets of Montevideo, he formed his style of play.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Luis's older brother, Paolo Suarez, is also a professional footballer and plays for Isidro Metapan.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

In 2009, Suárez married his childhood love, Sophia Balbi.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On August 5, 2010, the couple had a daughter named Delphine [71].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

On August 26, 2013, Sophia gave birth to a son, who was named Benjamin.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Liverpool forward celebrated the birth of his son with a greeting after scoring a goal against Sunderland [72].


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Performance statistics


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Club career


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

As of January 30, 2019


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Club CareerClubseasonLeague [73] Cups [74] Cups


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

CONMEBOL/


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Playing for the national team


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

As of November 20, 2018.


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Performances for the national teamYearPacks WorldFinals World Cup America's CupConfederations CupFriendlyGamesGamesGoalsGamesGoalsGamesGamesGoalsGamesGamesGoalsGamesGoalsUruguay200742-2062200850— -541042009103—201232010—63—54117201135—64—411310201252—3284201384—53321692014—22—43652015—00201683—83201752—522018—52—64116Total for quarry48211376453342010655


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Matches and goals for the national team


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

As of November 20, 2018 [77] [78]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Total: 106 matches/55 goals; 53 wins, 31 draws, 22 losses [77]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

attainments


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Teams


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Nationale


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Uruguayan Champion: 2005/06


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Total: 1 trophy


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Ajax


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Dutch Champion: 2010/11 (ex post factum) [79]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Dutch Cup Winner: 2009/10


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Total: 2 trophies


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Liverpool


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Football League Cup Winner: 2011/12


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Total: 1 trophy


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Barcelona


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Spanish Champion (3): 2014/15, 2015/16, 2017/18


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Copa del Rey winner (4): 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Spanish Super Cup Winner (2): 2016, 2018


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

UEFA Champions League winner: 2014/15


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

UEFA Super Cup winner: 2015


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Club World Championship Winner: 2015


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Total: 12 trophies


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Uruguay national team


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias for in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

America's Cup Winner: 2011


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Total: 1 trophy


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Personal


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Uruguay's top scorer: 55 goals


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Copa America's Best Player: 2011


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Uruguay's best footballer (4): 2010 [80], 2011, 2012, 2016


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Dutch league top scorer: 2009/10


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Dutch League Player of the Year 2009/10


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Premier League Player of the Season: 2013/14


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Premier League Player of the Month (2): December 2013, March 2014


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

AFJ Player of the Year: 2013/14


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

PFA Player of the Year: 2013/14


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

PFA Player of the Year: 2013/14


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

PFA Team of the Year Member: 2013/14


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

English Premier League top scorer: 2013/14


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Golden Boot Winner (2): 2014 [81], 2016


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Winner of the IFFHS prize to the top scorer of the national championships (3) [82]: 2010, 2014 [81], 2016


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

EFE Trophy Winner: 2014/15


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

The only player in the history of the English Premier League to score 10 goals in a calendar month


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Golden Boot for 10 Premier League goals (2): 2013, 2014


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Golden Boot for 20 Premier League goals (2): 2013, 2014


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Golden Boot for 30 Premier League goals: 2014


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

2014 World Cup qualifier top scorer: 11 goals [83]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

One of two players to score a hat-trick at the Club World Cup [81]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

The only player to score 5 goals in a single Club World Cup


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Barcelona record holder for the most goals at the Club World Cup: 5 goals [84]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Barcelona record holder for the most goals scored in the first 100 matches: 88 goals


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

He is a member of the L'Equipe All-Star Team of the Year: 2015


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

He is a member of France Football All-Star Team of the Year: 2015


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

He is a member of the symbolic world team according to FIFA: 2016


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Spanish league top scorer: 2015/16


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Spanish league best assistant (3): 2015/16 [84], 2016/17, 2017/18 [85]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Spanish League Player of the Month (2): December 2017, October 2018


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Copa del Rey top scorer: 2015/16 [86]


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Notes


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

References


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

and Liverbird.ru (in Russian)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

(in English)


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category:Uruguayan footballers


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category: Uruguay national football players


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category: Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category:Nacional F.C. players


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category: FC Groningen players


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category:FC Ajax players


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category:Liverpool F.C. players


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category:FC Barcelona players


Question: How many euros did Liverpool buy Luis Alberto Suarez Dias in 2011?

Luis Alberto Suarez

Category: South American Champions


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

“Ostarbeiter” (German: Ostarbeiter - worker from the East) is a definition adopted in the Third Reich to refer to people taken out of Eastern Europe for use as free or low-paid labor force [1] (1942—1944).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

German officials (including the direct author of the term Hermann Goering) referred to this word as “forced workers from the East” who came from Eastern Europe, including including the Ukrainian SSR, BSSR, RSFSR.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

There is another semantic understanding and use of this term: according to publications [1], this term was used by the Soviet authorities and society to refer to all citizens deported by the German authorities to the territory of the Reich in order to use them as labor.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Main region of origin


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters, for the most part, were taken out of the territory of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainians made up the bulk of these huge groups of people, among whom there were also many Belarusians, Russians and Poles, and a smaller number of Tatars [2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Even theoretically, Jews and Gypsies were denied this status.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Nationality was also of great importance in the selection of girls: Ukrainian women were best suited to help German housewives [3].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In most cases, young and strong adolescents (aged about 16 years) were exported, people older than this age, as a rule, were taken in smaller quantities.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

30% of Ostarbeiters were selected between the ages of 12 and 14.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

By November 1943, the age limit for the recruitment of Ostarbeiters was lowered to the threshold of 10 years [2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters were required to wear a dark blue and white patch with the inscription “OST” [4], which informed the Germans that the person was a worker from the East and demoted them.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Labour force classification terminology


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Official documents of the Reich contain information that, at the end of the summer of 1944, 7 million 600 thousand civilians and prisoners of war had been taken by force to work on the territory of the “Great German Reich” [5].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Thus, Ostarbeiters accounted for about a quarter of Germany's total economic and productive capacity at that time [5] [6].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Between workers from abroad (literally translated from German: — Fremdarbeiter), a class system of distinction was artificially created based on the belonging of each individual person to a certain nationalities in accordance with the hierarchy of nationalities adopted by the ideology of National Socialism.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Fremdarbeiter (German: Fremdarbeiter — “foreign worker”) are workers from Scandinavia and Italy [7].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Zwangsarbeiter (German: Zwangsarbeiter - “forced worker”).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The category consisted of two groups:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Militerinternirte (German: Militärinternerte — “military interned”) was mainly prisoners of war from European countries [5].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Zivilarbeiter (German: Zivilarbeiter - “civilian worker”) are mostly Poles taken for forced labor.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They received reduced rations and wages; they had to work longer than the Germans.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They could not use public social amenities and attend public meetings and public places (ranging from the ban on the use of transport to restaurants closed to them and churches).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Civilian workers were prohibited from holding certain positions and were also required to wear a designation patch.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiter (German: Ostarbeiter - “eastern worker”) - were, for the most part, taken out of the territories of the occupied Ukrainian SSR, the BSSR, the RSFSR.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They were marked with an “OST” and were forced to exist in conditions much more brutal than even “civilian workers”.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They were often forced to live in special camps surrounded by barbed wire and guarded [2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They were a constant target of brutality and inhumanity on the part of representatives of the occupation authorities and were used, with some exceptions, as free labor.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

At the end of the war, 5 million 500 thousand Ostarbeiters returned to the USSR [5].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

History of the phenomenon


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Foreword


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The Third Reich faced an industrial crisis as early as 1941.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The crisis arose due to the fact that an extremely large number of German workers went to the front.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

At the same time, the demands of the state, which is waging an active war of aggression, only increased.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

To prevent a possible collapse of the Reich economy, it was decided to import into Germany people from the territories of Eastern Europe captured by the Wehrmacht and use them for the needs of the German military industry, as well as in agriculture.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

It is these workers who are called “Ostarbeiters” [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Recruitment and recruitment


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Soviet prisoners of war


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Soviet prisoners of war were used in large numbers, who cannot be considered Ostarbeiters — oriental workers.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Information [8] on the number of Soviet prisoners of war who were in the camps of the Supreme High Command of the German Armed Forces (OKB) and used as labor in the German economy in 1942—1945 . [8] Note: Compiled according to German accounting data stored in the Federal and Military Archives of Germany and the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (f. 500, op. 12450, d. 86), as well as materials military and historical works published in Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

As of [8]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The main official source of this information is reports on human losses received by archives through front-line, army associations, formations, individual units.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Every month, the documents were analyzed at the General Staff, clarified and supplemented with materials on unaccounted losses.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

After that, the data were reported to the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief [8].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

After a thorough analysis of all sources, it was previously determined that during the war, 5 million 59 thousand Soviet servicemen, including 500 thousand, went missing and were captured. liable for military service, called up for mobilization, but captured by the enemy on the way to military units [8].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

As it turned out in further research, not all missing persons were captured.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

About 450-500 thousand people.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

of them actually died or, being seriously wounded, remained on the battlefield occupied by the enemy [10].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Volunteers from the occupied areas


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Initially, the campaign to recruit Ostarbeiters was launched in the territories occupied by Germany in January 1942.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Manpower Commissioner Fritz Saukel (German: Fritz Sauckel) was responsible for its conduct [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

An announcement issued to the press by representatives of the campaign read [11]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

When leaving for Germany, the first train was overcrowded.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

There were so many offers that the departure was postponed to January 22, when it took place [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainians traveling on the train in Zdolbuniv were given boiled millet from German field kitchens, and at another station they were given the same millet, but in half with mouse droppings [12].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Announcements continued to appear throughout the following months [4]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— an announcement with this text was published in the Kiev newspaper on March 3, 1942.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

However, in Germany, Ukrainians were met with inhuman conditions, and the campaign for the voluntary recruitment of Ostarbeiters lost its effectiveness.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Forceful hijackings of people to Germany began to be used [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Subsequently, Kievans who survived the German occupation recalled [13]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Forced shipments


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

With the arrival on the territory of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine of news that the conditions for Ostarbeiters in Germany are far from human, the flow of volunteers soon dried up.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

As a result, the Germans began to resort to mass forceful seizure of people, often using mass gatherings of people who came to church services or to attend church services as a suitable pretext for deportation actions sports competitions.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Crowds of people under the sights of assault rifles marched to trucks, which took them to the emerging trains that took them to the Third Reich.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In fact, these signs indirectly indicated the fact that at least 40,000 Ostarbeiters died for one reason or another every month [14].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Reichskommissar Erich Koch received an order to ensure the influx of 450,000 new employees from the territory of Ukraine per year by any method.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

German documents show that the Ostarbeiter must be forced to “work to death.”


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Despite the fact that 40 thousand Ukrainians were sent to Germany every month as Ostarbeiters, Reich Minister of Arms and Military Industry Albert Speer complained that the pace of work are shrinking.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

[15] In an internal document, Fritz Saukel demanded that the Reich Minister for Eastern Territories Alfred Rosenberg that 1 million men be expelled to the Third Reich in the next four months and of women is approximately 10,000 people a day.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

More than two-thirds of these people were sent from Ukraine.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In all major Ukrainian cities, the German army captured young men and girls on the streets and sent them to Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

One of the aspirations of the German administration was a constant decrease in the population of the captured cities, which was achieved through hunger and deportations [15].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

On September 3, 1942, Adolf Hitler ordered 500,000 Ukrainian women to be brought to Germany in order to free German women from housekeeping.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

A total of 15,000 girls were taken to Germany for household chores [15].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In 1943, during the retreat of German troops from the temporarily occupied territories of the USSR, more than five million civilians were kidnapped or voluntarily left.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Working and maintenance conditions


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In Germany, Ostarbeiters lived in two types of camps:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

in private camps attached to factories and factories built and maintained with money from companies such as Henkell or Opel.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The work lasted 12 hours a day, 6 days a week.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

in special camps guarded by private security forces known as “Werkschutz” (German: Werkschutz).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The work also lasted 12 hours a day, 6 days a week.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The work was paid at rates three times lower than German workers, and the pay was calculated in such a way that it was enough only for meager food, clothing and basic necessities.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Most of the money did not reach its legal recipients, but was used to cover the above costs of food, camp maintenance, etc. With the introduction in Germany of a card system for basic food products, shoes, clothing, etc., the money received lost all value for Ostarbeiters without ration cards.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Many reputable scholars claim that in many cases, companies did not pay for Ostarbeiters and “civilian workers” at all.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Those who were paid received their payment in specially printed paper money or in the form of stamps similar to postage, which could only be purchased in a limited amount and range of goods, and only in special stores at the camps.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Legislatively, the German government has established worse eating conditions for this category of workers compared to all other groups of forced workers in the Reich.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

A starvation diet and primitive conditions of detention were standard living conditions for these people in Nazi Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Cash wages, according to former Ostarbeiter S. Ponomarenko, he had enough maximum for a bottle of beer in the city [12].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Towards the end of the war, payment and maintenance conditions improved, and in 1943, the German government established savings books for Ostarbeiters [16].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters were restricted in their freedom of movement and choice of place of stay [2] (as mentioned above, these were often labor camps [2]), they were prohibited from having sexual intercourse with Germans [2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They could be beaten and abused, or even killed with minimal consequences for the Germans who did so.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters who tried to escape were killed, leaving the corpse of the victim “as a reminder”.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Leaving one's job was also punishable by death [2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

However, at the same time, opposite assessments of working conditions are quite common:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Interesting information about the life and everyday life of the Ostarbeiters is provided by a study of their letters to their homeland sent before the liberation of this territory from occupation:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Quote from a letter stored in the State Archive of Kharkiv region:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Many of the Ostarbeiters died in aerial bombardment of factories by allied aircraft.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Many were also simply destroyed [17], as it was ordered not to leave workers in this category alive [18].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Only a few managed to survive and return home.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Thus, Ukrainian author Grigorovich claims that there is a known case when a girl cut off her fingers with a machine to be sent home [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Girls also went home if they became pregnant [2], but this practice was quickly stopped by the Reich authorities due to the fact that the girls deliberately became pregnant in order to return to their homeland.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Numbers


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

During the German occupation of Eastern Europe during World War II, more than 3 million people were taken to the Third Reich as Ostarbeiters.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The indictment of the Nuremberg trials in the case of the main German war criminals indicated that the German occupation authorities forcibly removed 4 million 979 thousand from the Soviet Union. people of the civilian population.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In general, various official Soviet estimates fluctuate around a total figure of 6.8 to 7.0 million people, including prisoners of war — about 2 million (which is 1.1 million lower than according to German data), and civilians — from 4.8 to 5 million people [1].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Some researchers cite the figure at 5 million 500 thousand people [2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

From 2/3 to 3/4 of all Ostarbeiters were Ukrainians.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Prof. Kondufor published the figures of his research, according to which, during the Second World War, 2 million 244 thousand Ukrainians were deported into slavery to Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Other statistics operate on the figure of 2 million 196 thousand 166 people of Ukrainian nationality (Dallin, p. 452).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

About 400,000 Belarusians were taken to Germany [19].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Both of these statistics may not include several hundred thousand Ukrainians from the territory of Galicia, where young people were also mobilized into the Baudinst construction battalions, which sometimes forced potential mobilized to make a choice between Baudinst and work in Germany, so the final figure can reach 2.5 million people.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainian nationality [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Work and employment


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The proportion of women among Ostarbeiters was slightly higher than that of men.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

They were engaged in work in the field of agricultural production, mining, production of weapons, metal products and railway work [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Two million Ukrainians worked mainly in arms factories and factories, including the production of V-2 missiles in Peenemünde [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters who arrived in the Third Reich ended up in preliminary camps that served as sorting camps, where representatives of employer companies directly selected future employees.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ford-Werke AG in Cologne and Opel in Rüsselsheim each recruited thousands of people for their needs.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In total, more than 200 companies used the slave labor of Ostarbeiters and Civiliarbeiters, including Daimler-Benz, Deutsche Bank, Siemens-Schuckertwerke, Volkswagen, Hoechst, Dresdner Bank, Krupp, Allianz, BASF, Bayer, BMW and Degussa [20]


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Despite the fact that most of the Ostarbeiters were employed in large military enterprises of the Reich, some got jobs in small and medium-sized private factories; both small and large enterprises were air raid targets [22].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The work of Ostarbeiters was recognized as extremely productive and profitable.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The productivity of a male Ostarbeiter was equal to 60-80% of the productivity of a German worker, the productivity of a woman reached 90-100% of the German “equivalent” [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ostarbeiters and medical experiments


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

On September 6, 1944, the Reich Minister of the Interior of Germany Heinrich Himmler issued an order according to which all Ostarbeiters who were there were killed in a number of psychiatric hospitals in the Reich [23] :


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The exact number of Ostarbeiters killed on the basis of this order in German psychiatric institutions is currently unknown.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Thus, out of 189 patients admitted to the Ostarbeiter Unit of Kaufbeuren Psychiatric Hospital, 49 died as a result of starvation diets or lethal injections [23].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Repatriation


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Homecoming


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In October 1944, the Office of the Authorized Council of People's Commissars of the USSR for the Repatriation of Citizens of the USSR from Germany and the Countries it Occupied was established, which was engaged in returning to the homeland of millions of Soviet citizens taken during the German occupation for forced labor to the Third Reich.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

After the end of World War II, many of the Ostarbeiters were placed in refugee and displaced persons camps, from where many of them were sent to the filtration camp in Kempten (zone of occupation allies) for the procedure for establishing their identity and returning them to the country of arrival, mainly in the USSR.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In order to convince the Ostarbeiters from the USSR to return to their homeland, the Soviet authorities used special propaganda teams.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

A certain proportion of Ostarbeiters (at least 30%) [2] came to Germany as children or adolescents after being separated from their parents, which influenced their decision to return.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Those who found themselves in the French or Anglo-American zones of occupation, former workers of the Reich, for the most part, were forced to return by the authorities of these countries, according to a signed agreement between these countries Yalta Agreement, which stated that citizens of the USSR and Yugoslavia must return to their countries of citizenship regardless of their desire [3].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The small part of the Ostarbeiters who realized the threat of Stalinist repression refused to return.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Those of the former Ostarbeiters who were in the Soviet zone of occupation were returned automatically.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

There is ample evidence in history of how representatives of the Western authorities offered former Ostarbeiters to stay, citing the possibility of purges and mass repression against them by the Soviet authorities.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Thus, excerpts from the reports of the Office of the Commissioner of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR for Repatriation Affairs have been published and became public knowledge, where you can read


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Summary of November 20, 1944 [24]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Summary of December 1, 1944 [24]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Summary of February 10, 1945 [24]:


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In October 1945, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Anglo-American Expeditionary Force, General Dwight Eisenhower, banned the use of force and coercion against the repatriation decision for the Soviet and Yugoslav citizens who were in the American zone of influence.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Some of the former Ostarbeiters, faced with the need to return to the USSR after voluntarily leaving for the Reich to “help with the housework”, committed suicide [4].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

According to various sources, between 700,000 and 1 million former citizens of the USSR were able to avoid deportation and stay in the West after the war.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Many of them later moved from Europe to other countries (Latin America, the USA, Canada, Australia, etc.)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The fate of Ostarbeiters in the USSR


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

All repatriates had to go through the sieve of Soviet verification and filtration camps, where they were interrogated by officers of the NKVD and SMERSH.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Those who were suspicious of collaborating with the Germans were sent to the Gulag (mainly men).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Men of military age were sent to the active army or, for example, to restore mines in the destroyed Donbass.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

After filtration, many young girls were recruited into subsidiary farms of military units of the Red Army.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Large-scale deportations of these people were carried out from their places of permanent residence to remote regions of the Soviet Union (for example, to the Kazakh steppes or the Far Eastern region), where they often denied higher education [2] and respect for other rights of a Soviet citizen.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Many of those who returned from German captivity were spiritually and physically broken; moreover, they were officially considered persons whose loyalty to the existing regime was questionable, and this again discriminated against them [ 2].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Journalistic sources [14] also indicate the presence in the passports of former Ostarbeiters of a special stamp indicating their stay in the Reich during the war.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Similar marks were placed in the passports of relatives of these persons.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

As a result, people were denied admission to certain jobs or studies, and, due to the peculiarities of Soviet society, they were subject to public condemnation.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Many victims of German captivity testified that throughout their lives they were humiliated by others who accused them of living comfortably in the Third Reich at a time when the USSR was fighting against the invaders [14].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In cases where, upon returning from captivity, former Ostarbeiters had serious evidence of crimes, they were repressed as collaborators [24].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Payments and reparations


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The “repatriates” were not paid any compensation for free labor and moral damage during the war due to the fact that the Soviet Union in 1953 abandoned reparation claims against the GDR.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Former Ostarbeiters did not fit into the official Soviet memory of the war: they were not considered prisoners of fascism or veterans.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In general, payments from Germany to Ostarbeiters and victims of Nazism in modern CIS countries are voluntary.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

To pay forced workers in Germany, the Memory, Responsibility, Future Foundation was created.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Part of the funds was provided by the governments of Germany and Austria, and part by firms whose factories Soviet citizens worked during the war (for example, Siemens and Volkswagen).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In 1994, a special fund of DM 10 million was established to pay compensation to Ostarbeiters.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Of the more than 2 million former Ostarbeiters living in Ukraine, 700 thousand people were confirmed and qualified as eligible to receive payments, each of whom a lump sum of DM 4,300 was paid.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Depending on where they worked, they were paid from 1,500 to several thousand deutschmarks in the 1990s.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Later, with the transition to the single European currency, the average amount of compensation was about 2,500 euros.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

A large part of this money did not reach its recipients [25].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainian Ostarbeiters received the payment less than 5 times than their Polish “brothers in misfortune”.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

In 2006, payments stopped.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The descendants of Ukrainian Ostarbeiters, who forcibly worked in Austria during the Second World War, have been given the opportunity to study and acquire a profession in this country since 2006.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

For this purpose, the Austrian government has allocated 25 million euros [26].


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Cultural heritage


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Yar Slavutich's creativity


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Ukrainian-Canadian poet Yar Slavutich wrote a poem about Kempten, the camp from which Ukrainian Ostarbeiters repatriated back to the Soviet Union.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The poem was set to the music of Grigory Kitasty — including solo, male choir and accompaniment of a symphony orchestra.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The work was first performed in Washington in 1959.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

“The rails are spread far away...”


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The song “The rails spread far away...” is also known - a song about the hijacking to Germany, on the motif “The sea spread wide”.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The lyrics of the song were published in the Izvestia newspaper on December 22, 1945. Publication by A. Tvardovsky “From songs about German captivity”.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The song is taken from a hand-made handwritten collection found by a Soviet officer in an Ostarbeiters barrack in Stablak, Germany, entitled: “Album for songs from life in Germaniï, 1944 year, Nadiï Koval”.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

According to A. Tvardovsky [27] [28], here are presented from Nadezhda Koval's book those songs that, according to all data, have developed in the circle of one girl's community and are, as it were, part of a single work about the life of a Soviet girl in fascist captivity


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Illustrations


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

A poster by the German occupation authorities announcing the sending of young people to work in Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Kyiv.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

May 31, 1943 of the year.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The Ostarbeiters are on their way to Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Soviet women Ostarbeiters at work.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Related literature and documentation


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

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Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

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Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

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Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

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Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Polyan P. M. Victims of two dictatorships: Ostarbeiters and prisoners of war in the Third Reich and their repatriation/Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Research.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

consequences of wars to them.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

L. Boltzmann.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

-M.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: Your Choice CIRZ, 1996.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— 442 s, Il.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Bibliography.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: p. 412—416.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The decree.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

names, geogr.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

name


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: p. 421-439.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Polyan P. M. Victims of two dictatorships: Life, Work, Humiliation and Death of Owls.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

prisoners of war and Ostarbeiters in a foreign land and in their homeland/Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— MOSCOW: ROSSPEN PUBL., 2002.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— 895 s, Il.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

- Bibliography.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: pp.841-855.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The decree.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: pp.857-892.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Belarusian Ostarbeiters.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

The hijacking of the population of Belarus for forced labor in Germany.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Documents and materials in two books.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Book one.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— Minsk, 1996.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— 302 p. Book two.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— Minsk, 1997. — 471 p.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Belarusian Ostarbeiters/Gos. com.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

on archives and records management Rep.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Belarus et al.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— M., 1998 Kn.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

3: Repatriation, 1944—1951: Documents and materials: At 2 h. Part 1/Editorial Board.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: Adamushko V. I. et al.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

; Comp.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

: Knatko G. D. (hands), etc.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— 367 s, Il.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Overcoming slavery.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Folklore and language of the Ostarbeiters, 1942—1944.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

/Publ.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

prep.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Chistova B.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

E.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

, Chistov K. C. — M., 1998.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— 199 p.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Verbitsky, G. G. Ostarbeiters: The story of Russians forcibly taken to work in Germany during the Second World War.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Izd 3-e, ispr.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— SPb., St. Petersburg Publishing House.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

un-ta, 2004.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(Library of the New Sentinel magazine).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Belarusian Ostarbeiters: Historical and analytical study.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Minsk: NARB, 2001.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

336 p.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Boroznyak, A. AND. The tragedy of the Ostarbeiters in the mirror of historical science and historical consciousness of Germany//Milestones of Russian-German relations (40-90s of the XX century).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— Volgograd, 2001.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— Vol.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— P. 119-127.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Zayonchkovskaya, Zh. A. Ostarbeiters: in Germany and at home.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(Based on the materials of the questionnaire survey) /J. A. Zayonchkovskaya, P. M. Polyan//In memoriam: Ist.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Sat.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

in memory of F. F. Perchenka.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— MOSCOW, 1995.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— P. 396—413.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Polyan P. M. Soviet citizens in the Reich: how many were there?


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

/P. M. Polyan//Sociological research (Sotsis).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

- 2002.- NO. 5.- P.95-100.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

//National Revival of Russia.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

//Weekly Demoscope.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

- 2001.- № 15-16.- 9-22 apr.


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

[The electronic version of the bull. Population and Society/Center for Demography and Human Ecology of the Institute of National Economies. Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Video


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Notes


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

See also


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Hijacking of citizens of the USSR to work in Germany


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Yekaterina Susanina


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Khivi


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Untermensch


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Generalplan Ost


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Rumsya


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

References


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(Four books of memoirs of former Ostarbeiters, in Russian and Ukrainian)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in English)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in German)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in English)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in English)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

— a page describing the main document that regulated the stay and replaced the passport for Ostarbeiters in the Third Reich (in English).


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in Ukrainian)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in Ukrainian)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

(in German)


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Reinhold Billstein (Editor) Working for the Enemy: Ford, General Motors, and Forced Labor in Germany During the Second World War — Berghahn Books (November 2000) ISBN 1-57181-224-5


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Category:Ostarbeiters


Question: Which nation made up the main part of the Ostarbaiters in 1942—1944?

Ostarbeiters

Category:Deportations of peoples


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil (Avar: Shamil, Kumyk: Shamil [1];, Gimry, now Untsukul District, Dagestan — Medina, now Saudi Arabia) was the leader of the Caucasian highlanders, recognized as an imam of the theocratic in 1834 state — the North Caucasus Imamate, which united the highlanders of Western Dagestan and Chechnya.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

National Hero of the Peoples of the North Caucasus [2] [3].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Origins


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil came from the Avars [4] [5].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The son of the Avar Uzden blacksmith Dengav-Magomed and the daughter of Avar bay Pir-Budakh - Bahu Meseda.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

There is also information that Shamil's mother was a kumychka [6].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil's paternal ancestors were Kumyks (grandfather Ali, great-great-grandfather Amirkhan) [7] [8] [9].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

According to M. N. Chichagova, his great-great-grandfather Kumyk-Amir-Khan was “a well-known person in the Caucasus” [10].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

However, a number of sources regarding his ethnicity [11] [12] traditionally call him an Avar [13].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil was born in the village of Gimry (Genub) of the Khindalal Accidents Society (Avar Khanate; now Untsukul District, Western Dagestan) and, according to the Muslim calendar on the first day of Muharram, that is, on the first New Year's Day.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

His name was given in honor of his grandfather Ali.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

As a child, he was sick a lot, and his parents, according to legend, gave him a new name — Shamil (Shamuel — “Heard by God”) [14], in honor of his uncle (mother's brother).


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Spiritual development


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The boy was named Ali in honor of his grandfather.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

As a child, he was thin, weak and often ill.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

According to the popular belief of the highlanders, in such cases it was ordered to rename the child.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

It was decided to give him the name “Shamil” in honor of his uncle, his mother's brother.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Little Shamil began to recover and later became a strong, healthy young man, who amazed everyone with his strength.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

As a child, he was distinguished by his liveliness of character and playfulness; he was playful, but not a single prank was directed to anyone's harm.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Gimri old people said that Shamil in his youth was distinguished by his gloomy appearance, unyielding will, curiosity, pride and power-hungry disposition.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

He was passionate about gymnastics, he was extremely strong and courageous.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

No one could catch up with him on the run.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

He was also addicted to fencing, the dagger and sword did not leave his hands.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In summer and winter, in all weather, he walked barefoot and with his chest open.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil's first teacher was his childhood friend Adil-Muhammad (Gazi-Muhammad), originally from Gimra.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The teacher and the student were inseparable.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil began serious teaching at the age of 12 in Untsukul, with his mentor Sheikh Jamaluddin Kazikumukhsky [15].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

At the age of 20, he completed courses in grammar, logic, rhetoric, Arabic and began courses in higher philosophy and law.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Caucasus War


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The formation of the Imamate


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The sermons of Gazi-Muhammad, the first imam and preacher of the “holy war”, tore Shamil away from books.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Gazi-Muhammad's new Muslim teaching, “Muridism”, spread rapidly.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

“Murid” means “seeking salvation.”


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Muridism did not differ from classical Islam either in rituals or in teaching.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Besieged together with Imam Gazi-Muhammad in 1832 by troops under the command of General Velyaminov in a tower near his native village of Gimry, Shamil managed, albeit terribly wounded, to break through the ranks while Imam Ghazi Muhammad, who was the first to attack, was killed.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Much later, Shamil himself, while in Kaluga, described this battle as follows: Kazi-Magomed told Shamil: “Here we will all be killed and we will die without harming the infidels, we'd rather go out and die making our way.”


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

With these words, he pulled his hat over his eyes and rushed out the door.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

He had just run out of the tower when a soldier hit him in the back of the head with a stone.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Kazi-Magomed fell down and was stabbed with bayonets at the same time.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil, seeing two soldiers standing against the door with aimed guns, jumped out of the door in an instant and found himself behind both.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The soldiers immediately turned to him, but Shamil cut them down.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

A third soldier ran away from him, but he caught up and killed him.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

At this time, the fourth soldier stuck a bayonet in his chest, so that the end went into his back.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil grabbed the barrel of the gun with his right hand, cut the soldier with his left hand (he was left-handed), pulled out the bayonet and, holding the wound, began to cut in both directions, but did not kill anyone, because the soldiers ran away from him, hit by him courage, and they were afraid to shoot so as not to injure their own people surrounding Shamil [16].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

On the advice of Said al-Arakani, in order to avoid new indignation, the body of the imam was transported to Tarki, near the city of Petrovsk (now Makhachkala), to the territory controlled by Gazi-Muhammad's enemy, Shamkhal Tarkovsky and Russian troops.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In all likelihood, during the meeting with Sister Fatimat, due to excitement, Shamil's barely healed wound was revealed in the blood, which caused not him to become the new imam, but Gamzat-bey Gotsatlinsky, another close associate of Gazi-Muhammad, son of Alikandirbek.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

This was at the end of 1832.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In 1834, Gamzat-bey managed to take Khunzakh and exterminate the Avar Nutsal dynasty.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

However, on September 19, 1834, Gamzat-bey was killed in the Khunzakh mosque by conspirators who avenged him for the extermination of the Nutsals.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The early years


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In 1839, after a heavy defeat at Akhulgo, Shamil was forced to leave Dagestan and move to Chechnya, where for some time he and his family lived with Batuko Shatoisky in the village of Gush - Court [17] [18].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

On March 7, 1840, Shamil, at the invitation of Isa Gendargenoevsky, arrived in Urus-Martan for the congress of Chechen military leaders [19] [20].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Major General Piryatinsky, the head of the center of the Caucasian line, wrote about this: “Troublemaker Shamil with two hundred murids arrived in the village on the 7th of this month. Urus-Martan, where he placed his murids in apartments and himself became with a resident of that village. Isa Gendir Geva”


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The next day, March 8, 1840, a congress of the Chechen people was held in the house of Isa Gendergenoevsky, at which Shamil was proclaimed imam of Chechnya and Dagestan [21] [22] [23] [24].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Having become the third imam of Chechnya and Dagestan, Shamil has been uniting the highlanders of Dagestan and Chechnya for 25 years, successfully fighting against the quantitatively superior Russian troops.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Less hasty than Gazi-Muhammad and Gamzat-bey, Shamil had military talent, and most importantly, great organizational skills, endurance, perseverance, and reduce the choice of time for the strike.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

With a firm and unyielding will, he was able to inspire the highlanders to selfless struggle, but also to force them to obey his power, which he extended to the internal affairs of the communities under his control, the latter was difficult and unusual for the highlanders and especially Chechens.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil united under his authority all societies of Western Dagestan (Avar-Ando-Tsez jamaats) of Chechnya.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Based on the teachings of Islam about the “holy war” against infidels (gazavat), and the struggle for independence attached to it, he tried to unite the scattered communities of Dagestan and Chechnya.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

To achieve this goal, he sought to abolish all orders and institutions based on age-old customs — adat; he made the basis of life of the highlanders, both private and public, Sharia, that is, a system of Islamic prescriptions based on the text of the Koran used in Muslim legal proceedings.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil's time was called “Sharia Time” among the highlanders, his fall - “The Fall of Sharia”.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The entire country subordinate to Shamil was divided into districts, each of which was under the control of the Naib, who had military administrative power.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

For the court, in every naibety there was a mufti who appointed a cadi.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Naibs were prohibited from deciding Sharia cases under the jurisdiction of the mufti or kadi.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Every four naibts were first subordinate to the murid, but Shamil was forced to abandon this establishment in the last decade of his domination, due to constant strife between the Jamaat amirs and naibs.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The assistants of the Naibs were Jamaat, who, as experienced in courage and devotion to the “holy war” (gazavat), were instructed to perform more important things.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The number of Jamaat students was uncertain, but 120 of them, under the command of Yuzbashi (centurion), were Shamil's honorary guard, were with him without reason and accompanied him on all trips.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Officials were obliged to obey the imam unquestioningly; for disobedience and misdemeanors, they were reprimanded, demoted, arrested and whipped, from which the murids and naibs were spared.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

All capable of carrying weapons were required to carry military service; they were divided into tens and hundreds, who were under the command of the Tithes and Hundreds, subordinate in turn to the Naibs.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In the last decade of his activity, Shamil led regiments of 1,000 people, divided into 2 500, 10 hundredths and 100 detachments of 10 people each, with the corresponding commanders.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

His personal security included a group of Polish cavalrymen defectors from the Russian army; the chief of artillery of the imamate was a Polish officer.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Some villages that were particularly affected by the invasion of Russian troops, as an exception, were relieved of military duty, but in exchange for this they were obliged to deliver sulfur, nitrate, salt, etc.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil's largest army did not exceed 30 thousand people.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In 1842-1843, Shamil started artillery, partly from abandoned or captured cannons, some prepared at his own factory in Vedeno, where about 50 guns were cast, of which turned out to be suitable no more than a quarter.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Gunpowder was produced in Untsukul, Gunib and Vedeno.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The state treasury was made up of random and permanent income; the former consisted of trophies, the latter of zakat — the Sharia's collection of a tenth of the income from bread, sheep and money, and haraj — taxes from mountain pastures and from some villages that paid the same to the khans.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In addition to the fertile lands of Chechnya, which in fact was the main breadbasket of the entire theocratic state of the highlanders, the raid system significantly replenished the treasury of the imamate, of the trophies obtained in the raids, the fifth the highlanders gave part to Shamil: I was Shamil's secretary and kept an account of all his parishes and expenses.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil's greatest income came from Iriba and Ullukale, where the Muhajirs lived.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

From where they raided Georgia, and other places, and from their prey, they gave a fifth of their prey to Shamil.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The exact income figure for the imam is unknown.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The end of war


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In the 1840s, Shamil won a number of major victories over Russian troops.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

However, in the 1850s, Shamil's movement began to decline.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

During the Crimean War, the Western anti-Russian coalition and Turkey called on Shamil to joint military actions, hoping that he would strike the rear of the Russian army in the Caucasus.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Sultan Abdul-Mejid I officially awarded him the title of “Generalissimo of the Circassian and Georgian Army” in advance [25] [26].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

However, Shamil himself did not see any need for this “useless” title for himself [27], the appropriation of which remained an “empty phrase” for him [28].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil was also not attracted by the prospect of the Imamate joining the Ottoman Empire.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

His actions during the Crimean War were wait-and-see in nature [29] and were limited only to a raid on the Alazani Valley, carried out in his own interests and did not contribute to the success of the Turkish troops and Western coalition [30].


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The conclusion of the Paris Peace Treaty allowed Russia to concentrate significant forces against Shamil: the Caucasian Corps was transformed into the Caucasian Army (up to 200 thousand people).


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

The new commander-in-chief, Generals Nikolai Muravyov and Alexander Baryatinsky, continued to squeeze the blockade ring around the imamate.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

In April 1859, Shamil's residence, the village of Vedeno, fell down.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

And by mid-June, the last pockets of resistance in Chechnya had been suppressed.


Question: What is the birthday of Hadzhi-Murat Avarsky?

Shamil

Shamil and the murids fled to the Dagestan village of Gunib.