Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

In addition, on July 18, another echelon, the Mozhaisk Defense Front, was formed on the far approaches to Moscow.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

However, in the second half of July 1941, symptoms that were alarming for the Wehrmacht appeared: after the occupation of Nevel, German troops continued their offensive on Velikiye Luki and occupied the city on July 19, but already 21 July were knocked out of it.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

At the same time, part of the previously surrounded Soviet 22nd Army managed to escape from the encirclement.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On July 22, 1941, Colonel-General Franz Halder, Chief of the German General Staff of the Land Forces, made a note about the northern flank of the GA Center:


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

After our troops failed to surround the enemy in the Nevel area and had to leave Velikiye Luki, the chances of a major success of the operation, which would lead to overwhelming superiority on our side, have significantly decreased...


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Taking into account a large Soviet group in the districts of Gomel and Roslavl, Halder recorded on July 23:


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On the Smolensk Bulge, in the near future, we should expect pressure from the enemy from the southeast and north-east...


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Red Army actions


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On July 21, the Supreme Command Headquarters attempted to launch a counteroffensive in order to unblock the units of the 20 and 16 armies surrounded in the Smolensk area.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Five operational groups [13], formed from the new 29th, 30th, 24th and 28th armies of the Reserve Front, were involved in the counterattacks.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Soviet troops carried out concentric strikes in the direction of Smolensk:


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

task force I. AND. Maslennikov (3 rifle divisions) was ordered to advance in the direction of Velizh,


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

operational groups of V. A. Khomenko (3 rifle and 2 cavalry divisions) and Lieutenant General S. A. Kalinin (3 rifle divisions) were advancing from the north-east


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

task force K. K. Rokossovsky (2 rifle and 1 tank division) was advancing from the east


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

task force V. ME.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Kachalova (2 rifle and 1 tank divisions) - from the south-east (from Roslavl).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The direct leadership of the task forces was entrusted to Lieutenant General A. AND. Eremenko (since July 19 — Commander of the Western Front) [14].


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

At the same time, on the southern flank of the Western Front, the 21st Army was tasked with resuming the offensive in order to defeat the enemy's Bobruis-Bykhov grouping and restore communication with besieged Mogilev ( see Battle of Bobruisk 1941), and the 13 Army was supposed to continue attacks on Krichev and Propoisk (Slavgorod).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

A cavalry group consisting of three cavalry divisions was sent from the strip of the 21st Army to the rear of the Mogilev-Smolensk enemy grouping.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Second stage results


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The Soviet offensive, which was prepared in a hurry and conducted by separate insufficiently powerful groups, did not succeed.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The enemy caused significant damage to the advancing Soviet troops: five divisions from Kachalov's task force near Roslavl were surrounded and suffered heavy losses [15].


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The command of the Western Front could not ensure the simultaneous operation of all groups [16].


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

It was also not possible to ensure interaction with the 16 and 20 armies surrounded near Smolensk.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The approach of the German infantry divisions from Minsk turned the tide of the battle for Smolensk, and on July 28, 1941, the last Soviet troops left the city (cf. Defense of Smolensk 1941).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 4-5, the remnants of Soviet troops left the encirclement.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On July 26, after fierce fighting, Soviet troops also left Mogilev (see Fig. Defense of Mogilev).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The situation at the end of July


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The Soviet and German commanders assessed the situation in different ways.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The version of the Soviet command


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Soviet counterattacks shackled German troops, who were deprived of their freedom of maneuver.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The active actions of the 21 and 13 Armies on the southern flank of the Western Front [18] bound the entire 24 motorized corps (a third of the 2 tank group) and 15 divisions of the 2 Field Army.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Thus, despite significant successes, German troops were exhausted by continuous battles.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On July 30, OKV, in its Directive No. 34, was forced to order Army Group Center with the main forces to go on the defensive.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Without replenishing and eliminating the threat to its flanks and rear, and without eliminating the overhanging Soviet troops from the north and south, the offensive of Army Group Center on Moscow was impossible.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

This version is confirmed by the fact that the German command abandoned the previously adopted plan for an offensive on Moscow by infantry armies.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

German command version


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

By the end of July 1941, the troops of Army Group Center occupied Yartsevo, Smolensk and Yelnya.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Since July 10, about 300,000 people have been captured in the battles for Polotsk, Vitebsk, Smolensk and Mogilev, more than 3,000 tanks and about the same number of guns have been captured.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The offensive of Army Groups North and South did not take place so quickly.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Therefore, on July 19, Hitler issued Directive No. 33, which ordered the transfer of the tank formations of the GA Center to the disposal of the North GA (Goth tank group) and the South GA (Guderian's tank group).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The offensive against Moscow was ordered to continue with the forces of infantry units.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

According to German commanders, this decision led to a delay in the offensive on Moscow and, ultimately, to the failure of the Barbarossa plan.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The commander of the 3rd tank group, Herman Goth, later wrote [19]:


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

This was a complete renunciation of the original plan — powerful forces concentrated in the center, to break through Smolensk to Moscow.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The “powerful forces” of the center, consisting of two tank groups and three field armies, were reduced to one field army.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Both tank groups, the main striking force, were moved one to the right and the other to the left.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

It is obvious that this circumstance contradicted the principle of attacking where the enemy is most weakened, that is, <... >, between Smolensk and Velikiye Luki in the direction of Rzhev.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

New battles on the Smolensk Bulge (August 1-21)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

At the end of July 1941, the command of the GA Center, having moved to defense in the central sector of the front, drew attention to its flanks.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On the southern flank, the German command decided to conduct first a limited operation in the Roslavl area, then in the Rogachev area, then defeat the Soviet troops in the Gomel area, and then use a 2 - th field army in actions against the Korosten group - the 5th Army of the South-Western Front.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The German command intended to use its mobile troops (2nd tank group) to encircle the Soviet South-Western Front east of the Dnieper in cooperation with the 1st tank group of the group Armies South.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On the northern flank, a new offensive of German troops was being prepared in the Velikiye Luki region.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The German offensive in the Velikiye Luki region, undertaken on August 2 by the forces of the left flank of the 9 Army, ended in failure.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Events on the southern flank developed much more successfully for the enemy.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 1, the offensive of Guderian's army group (2 army and 1 motorized corps, a total of 2 tank, 1 motorized and 7 infantry divisions) began in the Roslavl area.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Already on August 3, Roslavl was occupied, the Soviet troops of the task force of the 28 Army (2 rifle and 1 tank divisions) were surrounded.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

By August 6, the German operation was completed, the commander of the 28th Army, Lieutenant General V. ME.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Kachalov and his Chief of Staff, Major General P. G. Egorov was killed, according to the German command, 38,000 prisoners were taken prisoner, 250 tanks, 359 guns and other weapons were captured.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 8, a new offensive by Guderian's group against the Soviet 13th Army of the Central Front began.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

By August 14, the fighting in the Krichev-Miloslavichi area ended, as a result, the Soviet 45th Rifle Corps, the commander of the corps, Major General E.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

ME.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Magon is dead.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The German 2nd Tank Group continued to develop an offensive to the south on Unecha, Klintsy, Starodub.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

At the same time, on August 12, the 2 Field Army launched an offensive in the Gomel direction and in Polesie.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

In the area of Zhlobin and Rogachev, the 63 Rifle Corps of Lieutenant General L. G. Petrovsky, Petrovsky himself, appointed commander of the 21st Army on August 13, died.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Developing an offensive to the south, on August 19, 1941, the German 2nd Field Army took Gomel.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

As a result of the battles in the area of Zhlobin, Rogachev and Gomel, the German command reported the capture of 78,000 prisoners, 144 tanks and more than 700 guns.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

A breach was made in the defense of the Central Front, and the situation of the left-flank 3 Army worsened, which had to leave Mozyr on August 22.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

And at this time, on August 8, the 19th formation (Lieutenant General I. S. Konev) and 30th (Major General V. A. Khomenko) of armies resumed attacks in the direction of Dukhovshchina.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

And although another attempt by the Soviet troops to break through the enemy's defenses and enter the operational space was unsuccessful, the German command began to express concern about the fate of the Barbarossa plan.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 11, Franz Halder, Chief of the German General Staff, wrote in his diary:


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The general situation shows more and more clearly that the Colossus Russia, which deliberately prepared for war, despite all the difficulties inherent in countries with a totalitarian regime, was underestimated by us...


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 16, a new offensive began in the central sector of the Soviet-German front by the forces of the 30th (Major General V. A. Khomenko), 19th (Lieutenant General I. S. Konev), 16th (Major General K. K. Rokossovsky) and the 20th Armies (Lieutenant General M. F. Lukin) of the Western Front in order to defeat the enemy's spiritual grouping (9 Army).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

At the same time, attempts by part of the Reserve Front forces to defeat the Yelninsky group continued.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Only on August 21, unsuccessful attacks to eliminate the Yelninsky ledge were stopped.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The fourth stage of the Battle of Smolensk (August 22 — September 10)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 22, the Headquarters ordered the troops of the Western Front to continue the offensive launched on August 16.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

They were ordered to defeat the German 9 Army and reach the line Velizh, Demidov, Smolensk.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

At the same time, the troops of the left flank of the Reserve Front (24 and 43 armies) received an order to put an end to the enemy's Yelninsky grouping, seize Yelnya and, further striking in the direction of Pochinok, Roslavl, by September 8 to reach the line Dolgie Niva, Khislavichi, Petrovichi.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The idea of the Soviet Supreme Command Headquarters was to actively disrupt the advance of the troops of the right flank of Army Group Center in the southern direction.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 24, the Supreme Command decided on the advisability of combining the efforts of the troops operating against the German 2 Field Army and the 2 Tank Group advancing on Konotop and the Gomel direction.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

To this end, the Central Front was disbanded, its armies were transferred to the Bryansk Front, which now included the 50, 3, 13 and 21 armies.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The commander of the Bryansk Front, Lieutenant General A. AND. Eremenko was responsible for the defeat of the enemy group advancing to the south.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On the night of August 30, he was ordered to go on the offensive on Krichev, Propoisk, by September 15 to go to the front of Petrovichi, Shchors.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

This would mean the collapse of the right flank of GA “Center”.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

However, attempts by the fronts to comply with this directive of the Stakes did not succeed.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On the northern flank, the offensive of the 22 Army coincided in time with a new offensive by German troops in the Velikiye Luki region.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 25, the enemy captured Velikiye Luki and completed the encirclement of the 22 Army; only part of the troops managed to leave the encirclement.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 29, 1941, German troops captured Toropets.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

In connection with the beginning of the German operation in the Velikiye Luki area, the offensive tasks of the Soviet 29 Army were canceled.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Nevertheless, the 30, 19, 16 and 20 armies of the Western Front launched an offensive on September 1, but could not break the enemy's resistance and advanced only a few kilometers.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On September 10, the attacks were stopped, and it was ordered to go on the defensive on the occupied lines (see Dukhovshinsky operation (1941)).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 30, two armies of the Reserve Front resumed their offensive: the 24th Army operated in the Yelninsky direction, the 43rd attacked Roslavl (see Yelninsky operation (1941)).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On September 5, the German 20 Army Corps, defending in the Yelninsky ledge, began to withdraw, and on September 6, Soviet troops occupied Yelnya.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

However, the Soviet troops could not advance further.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 30, the troops of the Bryansk Front launched an offensive, and the Roslavlsko-Novozybkov offensive began.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The 3 and 13 armies of the Bryansk Front, having suffered heavy losses in previous battles, could not build on their success, the most powerful 50 Army of the Bryansk Front, which attacked in the direction of Roslavl in cooperation with the 43 the Army of the Reserve Front, did not act against the 2 Tank Group, but against the 4 Army, which took up the defense.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

On August 31, an operative group of the Bryansk Front under the command of Major General A. N. Yermakova.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

In a multi-day tank battle near Trubchevsk, Soviet troops could not reach the communications of the 2 tank group.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

It was also not possible to close the gap between the 21 and 13 armies, which increased to 60 km (on September 6, the 21 Army was transferred to the subordination of the South-Western Front).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

An air operation was planned and carried out in the Bryansk Front strip, in which 460 aircraft of the Air Force of the Bryansk and Reserve Fronts, the 1st Reserve Air Group and the Long-Range Bomber Aviation participated .


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The operation was led by Deputy Commander of the Soviet Army Air Force, General I. F. Petrov said.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

In the period from August 29 to September 4, the Air Force carried out more than 4,000 sorties.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

However, the results of the air operation were not fully used by the ground forces.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The transition to the defense of the troops of the Western, Reserve and Bryansk fronts on September 10 completed the Battle of Smolensk, huge in scope and tension.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Meanwhile, the 2nd Tank Group, repelling Soviet attacks, continued its offensive to the flank and rear of the Soviet South-Western Front.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

By September 10, its troops crossed the Desna, entered the operational space and on September 15 joined the 1st Tank Group of Army Group South in the Lokhvitsa area deep in the rear of the Soviet troops, surrounding the Kiev grouping of Soviet troops: troops of the 5, 21, 26 and 37 armies of the South-Western Front (see Fig.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Kiev operation (1941)).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The results of the battle


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The battle of Smolensk led to severe consequences for the Soviet side.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Having lost the last full-blooded mechanized corps in fruitless attacks, the Red Army stopped attempts to intercept the strategic initiative.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

As a result, in the fall of 1941, the Wehrmacht carried out grandiose operations to encircle and destroy entire fronts, in particular the South-Western (Kiev cauldron) and the Western (Vyazemsky boiler).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The battle of Smolensk became one of the bloodiest and most intense in 1941.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Soviet troops suffered heavy losses, and during the battle, a total of more than 700 thousand people were killed and wounded.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

As a result, the Red Army managed to delay for some time the advance of German units to Moscow, which led to a change in the original plans of the German command and had a direct impact to disrupt the Barbarossa plan.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The Supreme Command headquarters always set offensive tasks on the fronts, regardless of the situation.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The offensives were carried out without sufficient preparation, hastily, without the necessary material support, in the absence of sufficient information about the enemy.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

However, according to D. Glantz [20] “historians pay enough attention to two of these counter-offensive operations — July (late July) and August (mid-August), but surprisingly little interest in the third and the largest of the strategic operations carried out was the September one, that is, the counteroffensive of the Western, Reserve and Bryansk fronts on the Dukhovshinsky, Elninsky and Roslavlsko-Novozybkovsky directions”.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

He also emphasizes:


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

... the Red Army's counteroffensive near Smolensk in the period from July to early September was much more powerful and caused much more damage to Army Group Center than previously thought.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

After repelling the Soviet offensive and eliminating the forces of the South-Western Front in the Battle of Kiev, German troops resumed their offensive against Moscow (see Fig. Battle of Moscow).


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The birth of Soviet Guard


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The final stage of the Battle of Smolensk, the Yelninsky operation, is associated with the appearance of Guards units, formations and associations in the Red Army.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

In the autumn of 1941, for mass heroism, courage of personnel, high military skills shown during the bloody battles of the Battle of Smolensk, by decision of the Supreme Command Headquarters by order of the People's Commissar of Defense USSR of September 18, 1941 No. 308, four rifle divisions of the 100th, 127, 153 and 161 were renamed the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Guards.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

See also


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

List of operations of the armed forces of the USSR in World War II


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Lepel counterattack


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Battle for Moscow (film epic)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Notes


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Literature


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Dembritsky N. P.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The history of World War II 1939—1945.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

vol. 4.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Moscow: Voenizdat.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Cheremukhin K.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Shevchuk V.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Carell, Paul.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Hitler Moves East: 1941-1943.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

New York: Bantam Books,1966.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Clark, Allen.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Barbarossa: The Russian-German Conflict, 1941-45.New York: Quill, 1965.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Fugate, Bryan I.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Operation Barbarossa: Strategy and Tactics on the Eastern Front, 1941.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

California: Presiddio Press, 1984.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Glantz, David M. Initial Period of the War on the Eastern Front 22 June — August 1941.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

London: Frank Cass, 1997.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Glantz, David M. Stumbling Colossus: the Red Army on the Eve of World War.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1998.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Glantz, David M., House, Jonathan.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1995.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Guderian, Heinz.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Panzer Leader.New York: Ballantine, 1972.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Madej, Victor, Stanton, Shelby.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

The Smolensk Campaign: 11 July- 5 August 1941.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Strategy & Tactics No.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

New York: Simulations Publications, 1976


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Overy, Richard.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Russia's War: Blood Upon the Snow.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

New York: Penguin Putnam, 1997


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Salisbury, Harrison E. The Unknown War.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

New York: Bantam Books, 1978.


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

References


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

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Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category:Soviet strategic military operations


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category: Defensive battles of the USSR (1941)


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category: Battles involving Germany


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category:Battles in Russia


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category:1941 in Smolensk Oblast


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category: July 1941


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category: August 1941


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category: September 1941


Question: During what war did the Battle of Smolen take place?

Battle of Smolensk (1941)

Category:The conflicts of 1941


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The 24th separate assault battalion “Aidar” (Ukrainian: 24th okremiy assault battalion “Aidar”) is a unit of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine [1], formerly the 24th battalion of territorial Defense “Aidar” of the Luhansk region (Ukrainian: 24th battalion of the territorial defense “Aidar” of Luhansk region).


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

It was established in May 2014 on the initiative of the commandant of the Maidan Self-Defense Sergei Melnichuk, staffed by volunteers from members of the Maidan Self-Defense and Right Sector organizations [2].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The name comes from the name of the Aidar River, near which the first battle of the formation took place.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Creating a battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The battalion was created in early May 2014 on the initiative of Sergei Melnichuk (former commandant of the Maidan Self-Defense [3]), the next 80-100 volunteers were selected and sent to the battalion A. IN. Parubiy [4].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Many fighters from the “Maidan Self-Defense” [5] and Euromaidan activists joined the battalion.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Unlike other territorial defense battalions created in the period until the beginning of September 2014, military commissariats did not take part in the manning of the Aidar battalion with personnel - the battalion commander himself was engaged in the enrollment of candidates to the unit [6].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The battalion was assisted by Igor Kolomoisky, Chairman of the State Administration of Dnipropetrovsk Region, and financed through the Krainy Defense Fund [7].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In June-July 2014, volunteers from Kiev and Kiev region, Kharkiv, Transcarpathia, Lviv region, Chernihiv region, Luhansk region, Volyn region, Crimea, Ivano-Frankivsk and Donetsk served in the battalion [8].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The tasks of the battalion are patrolling the roads of Luhansk region, operations to withdraw the civilian population of the territories, reconnaissance, adjustment of fire and other tasks, take control of settlements, controlled by the self-proclaimed LPR, in cooperation with units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine [3] [9].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The battalion includes Jewish volunteers from Israel [10].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Some members of the battalion hold right-wing radical and neo-Nazi views and use Nazi symbols [11] [12] [13].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Organizational structure


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Command:


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

battalion commander: Lieutenant Colonel S. P. Melnichuk [14] (until November 21, 2014), Major S. Fedorchenko (acting, November 24-25, 2014), then Lieutenant Colonel Yevgeny Ptashnik (since November 25, 2014)


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Deputy Battalion Commander, Battalion Chief of Staff: Valentin Likholet [9]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Head of Finance: Karina Grinenko [14]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In communicating with each other and with outsiders, the battalion's servicemen do not use their own names, but call signs (“Zola”, “Philip”, “Mukha”, “Chekh”, “Grusha”, “Gutsul”, “Malaya”, etc.) [15].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The battalion consists of:


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The Kholodny Yar division [16], consisting mainly of natives of Cherkasy region;


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The first assault company “Filipinos” was Commander Philip (call sign “Philip”) from May to August 2014 [17], followed by Commander Time.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The second company “West” — commander Lapin Igor Alexandrovich (call sign “Zola”) [18]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Company (“Volyn Company”): formed on the basis of the “Volyn platoon” [19], commander: Yevgeny Alexandrovich Dikiy [20], then Andrey Yurkevich, then Igor Lapin [21];


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

“Afghan Hundred” [22] — Commander Oleg Mikhnyuk;


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Equipment, weapons and equipment


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The personnel are armed with small arms, including AK-74 [4] [9] assault rifles, RPK-74 [4] [9] light machine guns, SVD sniper rifles [9], GP-25 grenade launchers [4] and PK machine guns [14].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

At the end of June 2014, the battalion commander reported that the battalion was provided with bulletproof vests “better than any other unit of the Ukrainian army”, while all bulletproof vests were not received from the Ministry defense, but from Maidan and sponsors [23].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On June 30, 2014, the battalion commander reported that the battalion was already fully provided with personal protective equipment (steel helmets and bulletproof vests), but there were still not enough unloading vests (80% of them were available from the required quantity) [24].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The battalion has vehicles at its disposal [4].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On June 30, 2014, the battalion commander said in an interview that the battalion had received “several armored personnel carriers” from the Ministry of Defense. [


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 2, the battalion received another BTR-60 armored personnel carrier [25].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On 8 September, the battalion received one demilitarized BRDM-2 [26].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 13, 2014, the battalion received a Mitsubishi pickup [27], August 15 - a Mitsubishi Pajero jeep and a Moskvich-2335 pickup [28], September 4 - Ford SUV [29], September 25 - Range Rover SUV [30], 26 September — another BRDM-2 [31], and on September 30, one Volkswagen T-4 minibus [32].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In September 2016, the battalion received an ISUZU armored jeep with a machine gun mount [33]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Activities


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

June


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the soldiers of the battalion, the battalion arrived in the ATO zone on May 19, 2014 [9].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

During the presidential elections, the battalion ensured order at the polling stations of Starobilsk district, and in Novoaidar [34].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Later, the battalion actively participated in the battles for the northern and central regions of the Luhansk region.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On June 13, 2014, the battalion began hostilities near the town of Schastye [35] [36], on the night of June 13-14, 2014, the battalion's servicemen attacked and seized a rebel checkpoint near the town of Schastye [9].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On June 14, 2014, the battalion occupied Schastye, a bridge over the Seversky Donets River and the Lugansk TPP [9].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to a message on the Facebook page of the battalion “Aydar”, as a result of this combat operation, “at least 58 militants and mercenaries were killed”, the battalion's losses amounted to 4 people wounded and one killed [37].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In the town of Schastye, the battalion commander appointed a military administration on his own initiative.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The OSCE mission was explained that this is a forced measure, since “law enforcement agencies are corrupt, and the civil authorities are working inefficiently”.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

[38] [39] [40] [41]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On June 17, 2014, the battalion attempted to storm Lugansk, which ended in failure — up to 100 servicemen of the battalion were ambushed [42]; followed by the Minister of Defense of Ukraine M. IN. Koval said that the actions of the battalion, which resulted in serious losses among the Ukrainian servicemen, were not coordinated with the leadership of the ATO [43] [44].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The next day, the head of the self-proclaimed LPR Valery Bolotov said that the Aidar battalion was “almost destroyed” [45].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

However, this information was denied during a briefing by the battalion commander Sergei Melnichuk [46].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

It was also stated that the reports about the significant losses of the battalion are based on non-existent facts and launched as part of the information war.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On the same day, not far from the battlefield between the AFU units and the rebels, [47] VGTRK reporters Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk were killed [48], of whose murder Nadezhda was accused and convicted in Russia Savchenko.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

As of June 19, 2014, the battalion was based in the village of Polovinkino near Starobilsk [4].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

After on June 20, 2014, President of Ukraine P. A. Poroshenko announced a truce, on June 29, 2014 in the center of Kiev soldiers of the battalions “Dnepr”, “Donbass” and “Aidar” and the Council of Hundreds of Maidan held a rally and sent P. A. Poroshenko's appeal demanding to stop the truce, introduce martial law in the country and issue a sufficient number of weapons to volunteer battalions [49] [50].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 1, 2014, fighting in Donbass resumed [51].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

July


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 12, 2014, in the village of Zheltoy, on the outskirts of Lugansk, a Niva car with 5 soldiers of the battalion was fired with a mortar, three were killed [52], the remaining two were wounded [53] [54]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 15, soldiers of the battalion found 18 rebels from the Don special unit, who were guarding the military unit, near the village of Metalist, Luhansk region, in a disguised bunker and detained 18 rebels from the special unit “Don”.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

About 5 identified rebels were interrogated.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Also on this day, Aidar residents raided the dacha of People's Deputy from the CPU Spiridon Kilinkarov in the village of Stukalova Balka near Lugansk, where, according to them, an arsenal of weapons and ammunition was found [ 56].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

However, later, on October 23, platoon Maxim Kozub (“Tor”) admitted that it was a staging and accused company Igor Lapin of deliberately planting weapons to Communist MP Spiridon Kilinkarov [57].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 20, the scouts of the “Golden Company of Aydar” entered the city of Rubezhnoye and engaged in battle with the rebels, destroyed one of the five armored jeeps.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Upon arrival of the 51st brigade, the battalion broke through to Severodonetsk.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The battalion was tasked with unblocking the Luhansk airport.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

From Happiness, it was necessary to break through three enemy checkpoints reinforced with artillery.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

During the reconnaissance, according to Ukrainian media, one fighter of “Aydar” was killed in battle.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 21, on foot and in cars, the battalion cut the highway, took up the defense and, waiting for the approach of motorized rifles and tanks, moved further south.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On this day, soldiers of the battalion detained Tamerlan Enaldiev, one of the assistants to the Minister of Defense of the partially recognized state of South Ossetia, who was carrying weapons and documents testifying to about the purchase of expensive medicines for the rebels.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The commander of the battalion “Aidar” Sergei Melnichuk considered it expedient to exchange this prisoner of war for the Ukrainian pilot Nadiya Savchenko [58].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The soldiers bypassed the villages of Aleksandrovsk and Yubileyny from the support of the rebels from Donetsk-Debaltsevo-Alchevsk from the east and cut off the support of the rebels from the support of the rebels from


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

During the fighting, the detachment of the Vostok battalion, which controlled the village [60], was liquidated.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

It was reported that “Aydar” also suffered losses of five fighters [59].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the Ukrainian media, with massive fire from the rebels, Ukrainian tanks began to withdraw, but the Aidar did not retreat and waited for help in the area of Aleksandrovsk and Yubileyny, after which continued its offensive on Georgievka.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Soldiers entrenched themselves on the Lugansk-Lutugino highway near the bridge over the Olkhovka River and unblocked the airport.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The offensive of the column of rebels who left Lutugin was repulsed by Aydar and paratroopers from the 80th separate airmobile brigade, who were at the airport.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

After that, the unit occupied Georgievka and cut an important transport artery Lugansk-Krasny Luch.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

During July 20-27, the battalion took control of five settlements, three highways and one railway line [59].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

At the same time, Aidar suffered significant losses.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to Ukrainian media, on the night of July 28, 12 soldiers of the battalion were killed and 10 wounded [59].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The official Facebook page of the Aidar battalion confirmed the loss of 23 fighters during July 27, 2014 “during three combat operations in the Lutugino area” [61] [62].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Augustus


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 7, 2014 soldiers of the battalion at one of the checkpoints in the town of Schastye detained the mayor of Lugansk Serhiy Kravchenko, who “supported the pro-Russian actions”, and the acting head of the city Aleksandrovsk Vadim Reznik.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

[63] [64]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 7, 2014, the Minister of Defense of Ukraine Valery Geletey announced the possibility of creating in the future on the basis of the volunteer battalion “Aidar” a regular unit of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are involved in carrying out special operations in the complex of ATO measures.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

For this purpose, the unit will be provided with additional weapons, including military equipment, as well as military instructors.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The personnel will be recertified, as a result of which those fighters who meet the requirements for military personnel will be selected [65].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 17, 2014, servicemen of the battalion detained the chief architect of Luhansk Vyacheslav Zheneska, accusing him of “cooperation with terrorists”.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 24, 2014, the rebels launched an offensive in the south of Donbass, during which a group of Ukrainian troops totaling up to 7 thousand servicemen was cut off from Ilovaisk along the line Agronomicheskoe — Kuteynikovo — Voykovo — Osykovo [67].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The headquarters of the 8th Army Corps, the 28th, 30th and 93rd Mechanized Brigades, the 95th Separate Airmobile Brigade, the Aidar, Donbass, Shakhtersk, Azov and Dnepr battalions were surrounded [68].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Later, a soldier of the battalion said in an interview that they were surrounded in the Georgievka area until August 26, 2014 [15].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 28, 2014, the battalion's Facebook page reported that nine soldiers of the battalion were killed from August 22 to August 26, 2014 [69].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

September


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 1, 2014, the rebels occupied Lugansk airport, which was defended by units of the 1st Tank Brigade, the 80th Separate Airmobile Brigade and the Aidar Battalion [70].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 3, 2014, the commander of “Aydar” Sergey Melnichuk said that the “Aydar” mined the Luhansk thermal power plant in Schastye and were ready to undermine it “in the event of a massive breakthrough of militants and Russian military units” [71].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Andriy Khvedchak, coordinator of the Volyn Maidan Self-Defense, said that on September 5, part of the company of the battalion “Aidar” was ambushed in the same place where, on June 17, it was almost destroyed and where Nadezhda was taken prisoner Savchenko.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Detachments of the Lugansk militia “Rusich” and the SBI “Batman” [72] ambushed the highway and attacked the retreating “Aidar”.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Part of the second company of “Aydar” (Volyn), was ambushed by Russian special forces.”


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to him, those soldiers who were in ambush were killed [73].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 6, Semyon Semenchenko reported that 11 soldiers were killed in an ambush “arranged by Russian special forces” [74].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On the same day, it was reported that from 20 to 29 soldiers of the battalion were killed in ambush [75].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 8, after the announcement of a truce, the Ukrainian authorities and the rebels managed to agree on the exchange of prisoners, which resulted in the return of 40 bodies of the dead Ukrainian servicemen, including soldiers of the battalion “Aydar” and paratroopers of the 80th separate airmobile brigade [76].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

September 24, 2014 in n. p. Shchastya, with the knowledge of the command of the battalion “Aidar” [77], servicemen of the battalion detained 10 trucks with humanitarian cargo for the civilian population, which were sent to Krasnodon and Sverdlovsk Lugansk areas.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Later, the battalion's servicemen used trucks as a protective fence on the territory of the Luhansk TPP [78].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 25, 2014, servicemen of the battalion detained the deputy of the Luhansk Regional Council A. Savenko on charges of links with the LPR (he was released on October 1, 2014) [79].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 26, 2014, more than 50% of “Aydar” fighters signed a petition to express no confidence in the battalion commander Sergei Melnichuk [80]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

October


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On October 14-15, 2014, during the hostilities in the area of the Lugansk-Lysychansk highway (the local name of the Bakhmutka highway is confused in the media with the locality of p. Bakhmutivka, located on the other side of the Seversky Donets) in the Luhansk region, the battalion lost 14 servicemen killed [81] [82].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On October 19, 2014, the battalion participated in an offensive operation to unblock checkpoint No. 32 near the village of Smelyy, Luhansk region, but suffered losses [83] [84].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

November


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On November 21, 2014, the Ministry of Defense issued an order to dismiss Serhiy Melnychuk from the post of battalion commander in connection with his election to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Only on November 24, Major Sergei Fedorchenko was appointed acting, but the very next day Lieutenant Colonel Yevgeny Ptashnik was appointed as the new acting.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

January-March 2015: Melnichuk's group clash with Ukrainian authorities


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On January 29, 2015, former battalion commander Sergei Melnichuk announced that de jure on January 26, the battalion was disbanded [85].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On January 30, Melnichuk's supporters blocked traffic in Kiev on Povitroflotsky Avenue [86] and tried to storm the building of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

They managed to drop off the front door, but illegal entry was stopped at the checkpoint.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On the same day, Sergei Melnichuk said that the AFU in the ATO zone began to use artillery against the fighters of “Aydar” [88] [89].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

During an attempt to storm the Ministry of Defense, platoon Maxim Kozub was kidnapped by some employees of the battalion related to the Aidar 02 organized crime group.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

But in the evening of the same day, he was recaptured from the kidnappers by a group of colleagues, under the command of Alexander Zolotukhin (“Argument”), a native of the Golden Company [90]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to Ukrainian media reports, the protesters were not active, but former fighters of “Aydar”, involved in organized crime and associated with Oleg Lyashko's party, of which he is a deputy Melnichuk.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On February 2, after negotiations between the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the negotiating group of supporters of Melnychuk, the participants of the negotiating group who left the building of the Ministry said that the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine on the disbandment of the battalion “Aydar” canceled.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On March 2, a representative of the Ukrainian General Staff reported that on the basis of the volunteer battalion “Aidar”, the 24th separate assault battalion of the ground forces of Ukraine was formed, which is located in subordination of military unit A-1314. [93]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Crimes and human rights violations


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the testimony of “Aydar”


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Soldiers of the battalion said in an interview that after the end of the battle on June 13-14, 2014, they finished off wounded rebels in the Schastya area [9].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the OSCE


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On 21 August 2014, observers of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine reported that they had received new evidence of violations of citizens' rights by the Aidar battalion stationed north of Lugansk.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

At a meeting organized by the police chief of Starobilsk, the observers received a certificate from a man who was arrested by representatives of the 24th battalion in the village of Polovinkino and accused of separatism.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

At the same time, he was threatened with murder if his wife did not pay more than $10,000.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

After paying the ransom, he was released on the same day [94].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The organization has previously reported on the illegal actions of the battalion [41] [95].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the UN


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

From the 11th report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner (paragraph 122), it follows that as of June 25, 2015, the crimes of the Aidar Battalion (including kidnapping and ill-treatment) were openly 110 criminal cases [96].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The UN report “Sexual Violence Related to the Conflict in Ukraine” documented illustrative cases of arbitrariness and sexual violence by soldiers of the Aidar battalion [97] [98].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

One of the situations took place in March 2016.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

At one of the checkpoints controlled by “Aydar”, a car with three women was stopped, which was refused to pass under the pretext that the husband of one of the women was wanted by the SBU.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Her passport and mobile phone were taken away, after which the commander got into her car and, putting his hand on her knee, offered to settle the matter.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Having been refused, he summoned armed fighters in camouflage without insignia, who took the women to the nearest police station.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The police could not clearly explain the reason for the detention and a few hours later the women were released [97] [98].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In addition to the UN thematic report on sexual violence, this case was also included in the report on the human rights situation in Ukraine for August-November 2016 [99] [100].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The first UN report also describes another case: on December 5, 2015, the household of one of the women was attacked by members of the Aidar battalion who were under the influence of alcohol or drugs [97] [ 98].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Some of them were armed.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On December 18, 2015, they again attacked her on the street, stalked her, beat her using obscene language with a sexual context.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The police did not take any measures to protect the victim, fearing confrontation with the guilt [97] [98].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner [101] [102] provides evidence that in 2015-2016 there were cases of involvement of soldiers of the battalion “Aydar” in the seizure of real estate local population.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

For example, one of the private houses in Lugansk was occupied by the AFU servicemen, soldiers of the Aidar and Dnipro-1 battalions from January 7, 2015 to March 2016, looted and partially destroyed.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Another report from this department documented the case [103] of the involvement of soldiers of the battalion “Aidar” in the disappearance of a Ukrainian citizen who, according to available information, was killed (body not found) in order to taking possession of his car.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In connection with this case in Kyiv on June 25, 2015, one of the instructors of “Aydar” was arrested on charges of illegal possession of a vehicle, kidnapping and illegal detention of a person [103].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The 9th report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner (paragraph 72) [104] notes that as of February 4, 2015, 26 criminal cases have been initiated against the personnel of the Ukrainian battalions “Aidar” and “Donbass” cases involving human rights violations, unlawful deprivation of liberty and detention.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In addition, paragraph 46 provides information that the Dnipro-1, Donbass and Kryvbas battalions deprive representatives of humanitarian organizations of access to prisoners.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to Amnesty International


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On September 7, 2014, the international non-governmental organization Amnesty International published a report, which states that the soldiers of the battalion are involved in kidnappings, unlawful arrests, brutal treatment, theft, blackmail, extortion of large sums of money and possibly execution of detainees


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

For example: on August 25—27, 2014, Aydar fighters kidnapped four miners living in the city of Novodruzhesk, and one of them had severe lung cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the patient, the “Aydar”, threatening with personal weapons, broke into his house, beat him, broke his jaw, tied him up, wrapped his eyes with adhesive tape and brought him to a kind of temporarily organized prison, which already held “12 to 15 people”.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

He clearly heard the screams of those who had been tortured in the next rooms.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The victim was released only a few days later, while the keys to the apartment, wallet, cash and all bank cards were seized from him [105].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Amnesty International noted that some crimes can be regarded as military, and the command of this unit may be held responsible under Ukrainian or international laws.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

During the investigation, on the results of which the report was made, both victims and witnesses, as well as representatives of local authorities, the army and police and volunteers from the unit itself were interviewed [106 ].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Nevertheless, the commander of the battalion “Aydar” told human rights defenders:


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In general, according to the human rights organization Amnesty International [107], there is a large number of reliable evidence of flagrant violations of human rights (the use of torture, extrajudicial detention under guards, etc.) by the personnel of the Azov and Aidar battalions.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the UN monitoring mission HRMMU (Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine)


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

A report by Global Rights Compliance LLP, which was published in November 2016 under the auspices of the British Embassy in Kiev [108] recorded the accusations of soldiers of the volunteer battalion “Aidar” disappearances, arbitrary detention and mistreatment of detainees.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The material collected by the authors of the report was based on data provided by the UN mission in September 2014 [109].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Similar allegations collected by HRMMU officers were documented against fighters from the Dnipro-1, Kyiv-1 and Kyiv-2 battalions [108].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to local residents


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to a resident of the village of Khryashchuvate in the Luhansk region, soldiers of the Aidar battalion robbed their houses [41] [110].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On July 28, 2014, servicemen of the battalion “Aidar” detained and kidnapped employees of the Lenin regional department of the Leningrad State University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

After taking them to the battalion, they were placed in a pit, beaten, humiliated and tortured.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

They resulted in bodily injuries in the form of rupture of the membrane of the right ear, fractures of the ribs, contusion of the chest, etc. Information on these circumstances was entered by the Starobilsk regional department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the ERDR under the number 12014130580000905 dated August 2, 2014 with the legal qualification “illegal deprivation of liberty” [111]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to the Ukrainian authorities


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In October 2014, a certificate was published on thirty-two crimes documented by the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine by the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine for which criminal cases were initiated (in the period from May to August).


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

However, they were never investigated. [112]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On November 17, 2014, on the website of the governor of Luhansk region Hennadiy Moskal there was a message that the number of kidnappings is increasing.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The victims were detained by unknown armed men in public places.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

In 7 cases, the abductees were held in military unit B0624 (“Aydar” battalion) [113].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On November 7, a grenade exploded in a private house illegally occupied by unknown persons in camouflage in Starobilsk.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

When inspecting the premises, the police, who arrived at the scene, found in the basement the bodies of citizens M. Ustinova, S. Bakulina and A. Plotnikov with signs of torture.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Three residents of Kyiv and one from Cherkasy region, armed with assault rifles and grenades, were detained on suspicion of kidnapping and subsequent murder.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The command of the battalion disowned them, but one of the detainees, Valery Mykhailyuk, found a certificate stating that he was a serviceman of military unit B0624 and a combatant [114].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

According to law enforcers, January 15, 2015 p. Polovinkino three “Aydar” drank alcoholic beverages in the cafe of the Mir Hotel, and then started shooting from assault rifles.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

At about 9 pm, law enforcement officers went to the scene and arrested the violators.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

But at about 22.00 the Starobilsk regional department was surrounded by fighters of “Aydar”, armed with assault rifles, grenades and a grenade launcher demanding the release of their brethren.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Under such circumstances, the policemen were forced to release the detained “Aydar” [115].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On March 1, 2015, Gennady Moskal announced a new detention by the police of a group of Aydar residents who were engaged in car theft, robbery, looting, racketeering and other crimes [116].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On March 31, G. The Russian sent an appeal to the Minister of Defense, the chief of the General Staff, the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Prosecutor General of Ukraine with new facts of crimes of “Aydar”: on March 16 three soldiers of the battalion in a state of alcohol intoxications broke the door and entered the apartment of a resident of Lysychansk, beat him, causing numerous bodily injuries, after which they went outside and opened fire with firearms.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On March 29, two policemen in the village of Petrovka, Stanytsia Luhanska district, were driving an official car and were fired from a machine gun from a Nissan car with the symbols of the Aidar battalion.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

The wheels and body of the car were damaged.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On March 1, in Lysychansk, 5 military “Aydar”, armed with assault rifles, came into conflict with the soldiers of the Ternopil battalion and staged a shootout in the city center [117].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On April 1, 2015, on the official website of the governor of Luhansk region Hennadiy Moskal, there was a message about the seizure by fighters of “Aydar” of the bakery of UkrVeresk LLC in the village. Petrovka of the Stanichno-Lugansky district and about raising the price of bread by them while simultaneously blocking the supply of bread from other districts [118] [119].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Despite the fact that the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine denied the involvement of the soldiers of the battalion “Aidar” in this episode, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine subsequently established by investigative means the involvement of the “Aydar” in the seizure bakery, which led to a shortage of bread, its sharp rise in price and social tension in Stanichna Luhanske and neighboring districts.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

[120] [121]


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

More information


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

On August 8, 2014, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky III degree was awarded to the head of the medical service of the Aidar battalion, senior lieutenant of the medical service Gorobets Ruslan Nikolaevich, and the Order “For Courage” III degree — Junior Sergeant Andrey Mikhailovich Kolesnik (posthumously) and soldier Khamraev Rustam Shoniyozovich (posthumously) [122].


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

There is no information on the total number of awarded servicemen of the battalion.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

See also


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Donbas battalion


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Ukrainian Volunteer Corps


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

People's rear


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Notes


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

References


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Artem Chapay.


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Insider, 05.01.2015


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Category:Battalions of territorial defense of Ukraine


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Category:Military units and formations established in 2014


Question: When was the 24th separate assault battalion “Aydar” formed?

Aidar battalion

Category:Military units and formations of Ukraine


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Nikolai Roerich's Central Asian Expedition

The Central Asian expedition was conducted from 1923 to 1928 by Nikolai, Yuri and Elena Roerich.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The expedition route passed through Sikkim, Kashmir, Ladak, Xinjiang, Russia (Moscow, Siberia, Altai), Mongolia, Tibet.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

There are several versions of what was the main purpose of the Roerichs' trip to the Central Asian expedition - from scientific and artistic goals to fulfilling the tasks of the OGPU and building a new state in Asia.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Expedition composition


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The main composition of the expedition:


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Nikolay Roerich


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Elena Roerich


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Yuri Roerich


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In his book “The Heart of Asia” (New York, 1929), N. K. Roerich listed the expedition staff [1].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On the way along Sikkim, Svyatoslav Roerich, Lama Lobzang Mingur Dorje, Tibetan General Laden-La, Lamas Ramzan and Tsering temporarily joined the main team, and during a trip to Altai, members Roerich's American Societies: Z. G. Fosdick and M. M. Lichtman.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Roerich invited Dr. K. N. Ryabinin, Head of Transport P. K. Portnyagin, Chief of Security Colonel N. IN. Kordashevsky, Head of the Farm A. A. Golubin.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Elena Roerich was accompanied by L. M. and I. M. Bogdanovs.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The caravan also included an expedition convoy, Tibetan Konchog and Buryats D.Tsyrimpilov [2].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

A number of sources claim that in September 1925, security officer Yakov Blumkin joined the expedition in Ladakh and proceeded with the Roerichs to Moscow.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Expedition route


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The Roerichs' journey to Asia began in December 1923, when the Roerich family went to India [4] [5].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In August 1925, the expedition left Srinagar and headed for Ladakh.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Through the Zoji La Pass, the expedition crossed the Western Himalayas and descended to the capital of Ladakh Leh.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On September 19, 1925, the expedition left Leh and passed through the mountain ranges of Karakorum through at least 8 mountain passes, most of which are about 5,500 m high. On the Sasir and Suget passes, severe snowstorms almost stopped the advance of the detachment.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Upon arrival in Hotan, the governor (Daotai) of Xinjiang refused to accept Chinese passports issued in Beijing, and the expedition stopped here for three months.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

To settle things with the governor, I had to visit Urumqi.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Then the expedition visited Karashar, where it visited the headquarters of the Torgout Khan.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Further, through the desert and the center of the Turpan Basin, the expedition went along the Urumqi-Chuguchak route along the Russian border, which was considered dangerous due to frequent attacks by robbers.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Finally, the expedition turned to Siberia with a stop in Moscow, then the route went through Novonikolayevsk and Biysk.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On the Trans-Siberian Express, the expedition reached Verkhneudinsk; then by car went to Ulan Bator, where the Roerichs arrived on September 11, 1926.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Here, the expedition spent the winter of 1926—1927 in a Russian-built building.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In April 1927, the expedition traveled through the southwestern Gobi to Tibet.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

All other routes were blocked by gangs of robbers or Chinese troops.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

However, crossing the Gobi was dangerous, so the Roerichs hired strong guards from the Mongols.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

They set off on five dojas, then on 46 camels, and a month later they get to Shibochen Oasis in the Nanshan Mountains, in the south of Gansu Province.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

This path is notable for the fact that Dalai Lama XIII fled to Mongolia along it in 1904.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On May 4, the expedition reached the Shara-Hulusun Mountains.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

A month before the expedition, a large caravan was robbed here.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

At night, the expedition was shelled.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

As it turned out, it was a Chinese caravan that mistook the expedition camp for robbers and opened fire.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On May 9, the expedition entered the Mazi Shan area, infested with robbers.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Numerous skeletons of horses, camels and people, spent cartridges spoke of the high activity of bandits.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

This was the habitat of the legendary robber Ja Lama.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The expedition came across the Ja-Lama fortress.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The Mongols from the guard flatly refused to go to it.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Yu had to.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

N. Roerich and several members of the expedition visit the fortress himself.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

It was abandoned.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Later, several bandits from the Ja Lama's detachment visited the camp for several days, but never attacked.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On July 28, in the valley of the Sharagol River, an armed detachment of Colonel Kordashevsky joined the expedition [6].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

A long parking lot was made, during which a suburgan was built in honor of Shambhala.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The suburgan was consecrated on August 7 in the presence of a large number of Mongols and local lamas.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On August 8, Chief Lama Tsaidama came with his retinue and also held a service dedicated to Vladyka Buddha.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

When asked by the Tsaidam Lama about the purpose of traveling to Tibet, Dr. Ryabinin wrote in his diary, “the answer was that we are Americans and we are going to the embassy from Western Buddhists, and that the time is coming Shambhala”.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Having reached the Shibochen oasis in one of the mountain valleys of Qilianshan, the Roerichs bought pack animals and food.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In the valley, we had to wait until August, as the caravan season was over.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

August 19, exp.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

went through the Tsaidam swamps to the Tibetan Highlands.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The Tsaidama Salt Desert is one of the most deserted places in Central Asia.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Due to the lack of water, it was necessary to move 36 hours continuously to cross it.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In the vicinity of the Elisun-Daban Pass, the caravan was attacked by bandits who watched it for several days.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The attack was repulsed.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Then at the top of Neijdi Daban there was a second attack, which was the exp guard.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

was also able to reflect.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

21 days exp.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

was moving through the foothills of Tibet.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On the way from Tsaidam to Nagcha, large mountain ranges were crossed: Marco Polo, Kukushili, Dungbure and Tangla.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On September 24, the expedition reached the border of Tibet.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Travelers moved through Tibet for another 30 days until October 6, a large detachment of Tibetan militia stopped them in the Shandy Valley.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The Tibetan general, after receiving instructions from Lhasa, did not allow the expedition to proceed further.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

It was one of the most difficult moments of my journey.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The expedition was held for five months in snow captivity high in the mountains on the Chantang Plateau.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Local residents were not allowed to sell food, which was sold in scanty quantities by the Tibetan authorities themselves.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Due to lack of food, 90 of the 110 animals of the caravan died.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Five members of the exp.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

of the locals have died.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Colonel Kardashevsky almost died.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

She severely undermined the health of E.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

AND. Roerich.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

At the end, the expedition was transferred to Nagcha and, after a month of negotiations, was allowed to go to India.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The expedition went to many places never visited by Europeans or Americans before, crossed the Transhimalayan wall through the Sangmo-Bertik Pass (height about feet = 6,100 meters), through which was held by the famous Swedish researcher Sven Gedin.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Further along the Tsangpo River (Brahmaputra), through the Sharu-la Pass to the Pongchu Exp Valley.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

came to Sikkim, the capital of Gangtok.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In total, the expedition route was about 6,000 miles (about km) [7] [8].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Nicholas Roerich described the route of the expedition in his book “Heart of Asia” as follows [9]:


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The main route of the expedition was reflected in the next extensive circle in mid-Asia.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Darjeeling, Sikkim Monasteries, Benares, Sarnat, Northern Punjab, Rawalpindi, Kashmir, Ladakh, Karakorum, Khotan, Yarkand, Kashgar, Aksu, Kuchar, Karashar, Toksun, Turpan Regions, Urumqi, Tien Shan, Kozeun, Zaisan, Irtysh, Novonikolayevsk, Biysk, Altai, Oyrotia, Verkhneudinsk, Buryatia, Troitskosavsk, Altyn-Bulak, Urga, Yum-Base, Ansi-Jau, Shibochen, Nanshan, Sharagolchi, Tsaidam, Neiji, Marco Polo ridge, Kokushili , Dungbur, Nagchu, Shenza Dzong, Saga Dzong, Shekar Dzong, Kampa Dzong, Sepola, Gantok, Darjeeling.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Expedition facts


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Sources.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

General information


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The events of the first Central Asian expedition were reflected in the diaries of N. K. Roerich's “Altai-Himalayas” and Yu.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

N. Roerich's “Along the Trails of Middle Asia”.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

In the 1990s, diaries of other participants in the Tibetan trip were published, drawing attention to the special “Buddhist mission” of the expedition to Lhasa (Ryabinin, Portnyagin, Kordashevsky) [10].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

At the same time, materials were discovered in the State Archives of the Russian Federation regarding the activities of the Roerichs and their American employees in relation to concessions in Altai in 1926-29 [11].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

There are also a number of declassified documents of Soviet, English and German intelligence on the activities of the Roerichs during the expedition [12] [13] [14].


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

On December 2, 1923, N. K. Roerich and his family come from America to India.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The expedition route passed through Sikkim, Kashmir, Ladakh, China (Xinjiang), Russia (with a visit to Moscow), Siberia, Altai, Mongolia, Tibet, and through unexplored areas of the Transhimalayas.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

The expedition lasted from 1924 to 1928.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

Officially, the expedition was announced as American.


Question: What was the main goal of the Central Asian expedition?

It is believed that due to the uniqueness of the route and the materials collected, it rightfully occupies a special place among the largest expeditions of the 20th century.