Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

However, the transition of a significant part of alternative artists to major labels caused the discontent of some fans and the recognition of this music as “fake indie”.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

On the basis of Britpop, Radiohead, one of the most influential indie bands of the decade, gradually formed its special style.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Their style is characterized by a mixture of ideas of indie rock, kraut rock, art punk and even IDM in melancholic, atmospheric, sometimes very experimental compositions.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Radiohead's style had a major impact on the development of the British indie scene of the 90s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Manic Street Preachers, a strong indie band, were also close to Britpop, whose music was influenced by post-punk and American alt-rock of the late 80s, glam rock in the image, and the lyrics were different politicization.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In contrast, Tindersticks played extremely melancholic melodic music with elements of jazz rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Other post-Britpop bands include Muse, influenced by metal and electronics, Travis, Coldplay, Placebo.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the 90s, “female” alternative rock developed: Throwing Muses that existed since the mid-80s, created by ex-bassist Pixies The Breeders, PJ Harvey, Garbage.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Pavement had a significant impact on rock music of the second half of the 1990s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

From their first album, they became the leaders of melodic and at the same time experimental indie rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Morphine, which used elements of jazz and blues, had an extremely unusual sound.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

An unusual sound built on a bass guitar was used by Primus, to determine the style of which was coined the name “funk metal”.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Singer Beck began to perform ironic postmodern pop and indie songs with elements of a wide variety of styles — folk rock, electronics, psychedelia, hip-hop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the early 90s, Red Hot Chili Peppers achieved major commercial success, a band that operated at the intersection of funk and rock with a strong punk influence and continues to be extremely successful to the present time.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

There are also a number of peculiar new substyles, among which the most popular has become the construction — music with an emphasis on texture, which is characterized by dense, atmospheric sound and unusual use familiar musical instruments, as well as the use of elements of ambient, jazz, and electronics.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The greatest success was achieved by the groups Tortoise, Sigur Ros, Mogwai.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The mat-rock genre, derived from noise rock, is characterized by a complicated rhythmic structure and sharp, often inharmonious riffs (Battles, Don Caballero, Faraquet).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Both Beck and Pavement are considered to be the direction of low-fi, which is characterized by deliberately low recording quality.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Electronic-rock


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Following the Madchester and New Order experiments in the field of crossing rock and techno, Primal Scream's album “Screamadelica” was released in 1991, combining indie rock with acid house and techno .


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

This release began both the penetration of former underground electronics subgenres into the mainstream, and attempts to combine them with rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the 90s, such experiments often achieved major commercial success (Prodigy, Chemical Brothers).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the late 90s, a medium-sized subgenre of inditronics also appeared - a mixture of indie and electronic style IDM (The Postal Service, Hot Chip).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Alternative pop


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The lightest indie rock of the 90s, close to pop music, is conventionally called alternative pop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the 90s, it was represented primarily by female performers (Alanis Morissette, Fiona Apple).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Other notable alternative pop artists include the “anarcho-pop” band Chumbawamba, which plays at the intersection of punk and pop music.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The concept of “college rock” was transformed in the 90s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

At this time, college radio stations played mostly quite banal and musically ideological indie pop or power pop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Among college power pop groups, Weezer is the most notable.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

It should be noted that the post-punk generation has left behind a number of interesting solo performers in the genre of avant-garde pop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Among them are Nick Cave (ex-The Birthday Party), Peter Murphy (ex-Bauhaus), Gavin Friday (ex-Virgin Prunes).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Pop punk


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

By the early 90s, both traditional punk and hardcore and oi!


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

have begun to become obsolete.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

One of the last influential bands of traditional punk rock was NOFX, whose music, in addition to hardcore, featured both a kind of melody and ska elements.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

However, in 1994, an unexpected event occurred — two albums by Green Day and Offspring achieved major commercial success.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

This is how the wave of punk rock infusion into the mainstream began.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Lightweight and melodic punk rock of this kind is called pop-punk; a similar term appeared back in the 70s to refer to Ramones and Buzzcocks, and indeed, musically pop-punk Green Day and Offspring was a close phenomenon — although not without the influence of melodic hardcore like Descendants.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the wake of the popularity of the first pop-punk bands, new ones began to appear (Blink 182, Sum 41, New Found Glory; in Russia Enemies of Flies, NAIVE, Cockroaches!).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Humorous punk bands were also relatively successful, both continuing the careers of The Toy Dolls and new ones (The Presidents of the United States of America, The Me First And The Gimme Gimmes, Russian Adventures of Electronics).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The most important pop-punk groups continue to produce interesting works to the present day.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Metal in the 1990s


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

By the early 1990s, the heyday of many metal genres was over.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In most metal genres in the 90s, there were no new records that could compare with the classics of the 80s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Therefore, with rare exceptions, metal began to develop in more avant-garde or mixed with some other styles.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Some of these areas have achieved major commercial success.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Alternative and avant-garde metal


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Alternative metal, a heterogeneous and eclectic genre of metal, which included elements from many other genres (from indie rock and grunge to hip-hop and funk), became popular and widespread soon after grunge gained popularity.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

However, already in the 80s, a significant part of important bands for the genre appeared: for example, Nine Inch Nails and Ministry, which combined metal with industrial.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

One of the bands that most influenced the development of alt metal in the 1990s is Faith No More, whose experimental heavy music combined metal, funk, rap, as well as prog and jazz elements.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Funky guitar base, hip-hop elements — all these ideas, first used by Faith No More, became an organic part of metal in the 1990s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the wake of the success of alt-metal, many of the most diverse bands appeared: Rage Against The Machine combined metal with rap (the so-called rapcore), Incubus with funk, Tool with art rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Avant-garde metal was even more experimental sound, complicated structures, experiments with elements of various genres (from art to folk) of songs — examples of this kind of music are Arcturus, Diablo Swing Orchestra, Ulver.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Stoner rock


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the early 90s, another subgenre of metal began to develop, stoner rock (stoner metal), which turned to the ideas of psychedelic rock and early metal (Jimmy Hendrix, Black Sabbath), trying to convey musical means of metal sensations from an LSD trip or smoking marijuana.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The genre began with the 1992 release of Kyuss, which achieved considerable success with both critics and the public.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Following him, other prominent representatives of the genre began to appear - Sleep (which made a bias towards doom metal), Fu Manchu, (from which Nebula later formed), Monster Magnet (a distinctive feature of which are space rock developments), Queens Of The Stone Age (created by former members of the Kyuss group).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Nu metal


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In the mid-1990s, under the influence of alternative metal, groove metal, thrash metal, grunge and rap, the subgenre of nu metal appeared.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The Korn band is considered to be the founder of this style.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Funk elements introduced into alternative rock Faith No More and Red Hot Chili Peppers had a significant impact on the genre.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Along with Korn, there are other “first wave” nu metal bands that played different styles of the genre and often achieved success: Deftones and SlipkNot used a combination of brutal sound and funk, System Of A Down presented the most unusual combination of various musical genres — heavy metal, nu metal, metalcore, punk rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Disturbed and Deftones are elements of heavy and thrash metal, Coal Chamber and Evanescence - gothic rock, Manhole - hardcore.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The most commercially successful was a hybrid of nu metal and rapcore (heavy sound and recitative), presented by Linkin Park and Limp Bizkit.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Symphonic metal


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In European metal of the late 90s, the use of elements of classical music, such as live orchestras (or replacing them with similar synthesizer effects) and rich, almost operatic female vocals.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

On the basis of power metal, gothic metal and black metal, a special subgenre of symphonic metal has been formed.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Its appearance is usually associated with the experiments of the Therion group in the mid-90s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In addition to them, Nightwish, Within Temptation, Epica, Apocalyptica achieved the best fame, each of which was able to create its own recognizable and memorable style.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Representatives of other metal genres, such as power metal (Rhapsody of Fire, Kamelot), black metal (Dimmu Borgir, Cradle of Filth) or gothic metal (Lacrimosa) also brought symphonic metal elements to their music.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The development of traditional genres


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Despite the general decline of heavy metal, thrash metal and other traditional subgenres, some major figures of traditional metal appeared in the 90s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

First of all, this is Pantera, which had a decisive impact on the formation of the post-thrash groove metal genre.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

It should also be noted that in the 90s there was another wave of black metal — more melodic and influenced by gothic metal and symphonic metal.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The bands of this wave (Dimmu Borgir, Cradle of Filth) have achieved the greatest commercial success in the history of black.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Avant-garde rock culture


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In addition to John Zorn, who continued his creative activity, a number of other bands also played rock avant-garde or simply original music that does not fit into the genre framework.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Mike Patton, vocalist of Faith No More, can be called the leader of avant-garde rock of the late 1990s and 2000s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In his solo career, in many projects (the most famous are Mr. Bungle, Fantômas, Peeping Tom, Tomahawk, a joint album with The Dillinger Escape Plan), he creates peculiar recordings that combine original vocals, elements of avant-garde metal and a wide variety of stylistic experiments.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

At the intersection of electronic music and hardcore, one of the most uncompromising punk musicians of the 90s, Atari Teenage Riot, created hard noise recordings.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Singer Scott Walker, who started his solo career back in the 60s and 2000s, recorded extremely peculiar works that combine pop music, noise, classical music, and electronics.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Jon Spencer Blues Explosion had an original style that incorporated indie rock, noise rock and blues; they are among the first artists to revive garage aesthetics.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The post-industrial generation of musicians created unique styles of neofolk and dark folk (the most famous band is Current 93).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

By the mid-90s, having finally stabilized the lineup, The Legendary Pink Dots had finally formed their original style, mixing classic psychedelia in the spirit of early Pink Floyd, Kraut Rock, New wave, industrial, dark folk, noise and dark ambient.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Among the groups on the industrial scene, abandoning the aggressiveness of sound in favor of greater melody, Einstürzende Neubauten came to the fore.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The development of the avant-garde scene of the 90s was an indicator of the successful continuation of musical search and experiments in the music world


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

2000s rock music


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The revival of indie styles


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In fact, from 2000 to 2009, not a single major genre appeared in rock music.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

This crisis was compensated to some extent by the revival and subsequent development of a number of alternative rock subgenres — primarily garage rock, post-punk and Britpop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The revival of garage rock aesthetics began in the 90s, facilitated by the lo-fi movement and the rethought Jon Spencer Blues Explosion blues rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

One of the first bands to revive garage rock was The White Stripes, a duo whose music is based on metal riffs of the 70s, punk rock energy, garage presentation of material and use elements of folk, country and especially blues rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In addition to The White Stripes, The Strokes, The Vines and The Hives became the basic groups for the revival of garage rock.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

They were followed by the Detroit rock scene (from which The White Stripes came out), presented by Von Bondies, The Dirtbombs, The Detroit Cobras, The Go.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Yeah Yeah Yeahs, which performs indie rock with art-punk influence and female vocals, is also close to the style.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Another line in the revival of guitar retro music was the growing popularity of guitar post-punk and Britpop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

These styles are combined by the most popular British rock bands so far - Kasabian, Franz Ferdinand and Arctic Monkeys, whose melodic Britpop with elements of electronic beat was picked up by other bands Hot Hot Heat, The Libertines, The Killers, The Bravery.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

However, some bands also rely on pure post-punk, with the influence primarily of the Joy Division — primarily Interpol and Editors.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Electronic post-punk is represented by LCD Soundsystem, She Wants Revenge.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Neo-progressive


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The revival of progressive rock began in the 90s, but it was at the beginning of the 21st century that the level of popularity of the progressive almost reached the level of the mid-70s, when this subgenre of rock music reached its peak both creatively and commercially.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Despite the fact that a great contribution to its popularization was made by the British Porcupine Tree, who are considered the main progressive group in Europe, the greatest contribution to the development of the neo-progressive as a style, somewhat separate from its “progenitor” and continuing to develop in different directions, was made by the Mexican-American band The Mars Volta, formed in the 2000s on the ruins of post-hardcore At the Drive-in formations.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

This is primarily due to the fact that The Mars Volta is the most commercially successful representatives of the neo-progressive, topping the charts in many countries around the world and selling about 10 million albums.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The development of the neo-progressive is going in several directions at once:


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Firstly, these are young bands whose members previously played in more primitive rock bands (the example of The Mars Volta, which appeared on the site of the collapsed At the Drive-In, is considered textbook).


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Secondly, these are bands that, due to the creative search and the growing level of performance of musicians, are gradually complicating their sound - here, as an example, we can cite Muse, who actually exchanged Alternative Neo-Progressive Rock


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

You can also cite as an example bands that once played extreme directions of metal, but, recently, began to develop their style (this is characterized by the example of Opeth, who once played death metal, now considered the locomotives of Scandinavian progressive rock), as well as alternative rock groups and even nu metal, whose style has developed so much that it can be called progressive (for example, Coheed and Cambria)


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Thirdly, these are bands that initially played this music since the early 90s and even the late 80s, but have gained worldwide fame in our time — the example of Porcupine Tree and, to some extent, Dream Theater, also the Italian band Syndone.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The Mars Volta is very different from the rest of the bands on this scene in the widest coverage of genres and styles performed: in fact, they touched on all styles of rock music, from jazz fusion and construction to alternative metal and a few softened post-hardcore, and also went beyond rock, experimenting with salsa, dub, electronics, ambient and even trip-hop.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

They also prefer to distance themselves somewhat from other progressive rock bands, refusing to tour with them and take part in their recordings.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

In interviews, guitarist and band leader Omar Rodriguez-Lopez repeatedly denied the band's belonging to this genre, while recognizing the unconditional influence of Robert Fripp on his style of play.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Many fans of the band continue to define their style as “complicated indie rock”


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Porcupine Tree is considered to be more “traditional” musicians.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

With the variety of styles covered, the band still relies on the classic progressive of the 70s, primarily Pink Floyd and Genesis.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The rest of the neo-progressive bands are significantly inferior to these three bands (Muse, Porcupine Tree, The Mars Volta), both commercially and in terms of influence on other rock bands.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Alternative pop development


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

A number of destinations close to indie rock and indie pop reached a certain popularity in the 2000s.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

First of all, this is a number of artists at the intersection of indie rock and folk, sometimes close to neofolk — Sufjan Stevens, 16 Horsepower, Iron & Wine, Devendra Banhart.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Another trend that has been developed was indie pop rock with cabaret elements and, usually, a certain influence of punk rock or punk-based anti-folk.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

This is a theatrical punk cabaret band The Dresden Dolls, singer Casey Dienel, Regina Spector; bands of this genre with male vocals (Man Man) are less common.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

The history of Russian-language rock music


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Criticism


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

See also


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Styles and trends of rock music is a list dedicated to genres and varieties of rock music.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Popular music


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Rock band


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Rock ballad


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Rock festival


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Grammy Award for Best Rock Song of the Year


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Grammy Award for Best Rock Album of the Year


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Notes


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Literature


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Knabe G. //Knabe G. S. Selected works.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Theory and history of culture.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

— M.-SPb.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

, 2006, pp. 20-50


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Music of our days/Vedas.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

ed.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

D. M. Volodikhin — M.: Avanta+, 2002.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

ISBN 5-94623-025-5


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Popular music abroad.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

1928—1997: Illustrator.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

biobibliography.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

guidebook/Comp.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

A. A. Gerasimov, Y.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

YU.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Gerasimova, N. IN. Mironova V. IN. Hawks: under the general.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

ed.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

IN. IN. Yastrebova.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

— Ulyanovsk: RIA “Simbvestinfo”, 1997.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

— 462 p.: silt — (Directories from Simbvestinfo) — ISBN 5-86174-010-0


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Yugin I. Rock Lexicon: A dictionary of rock and popular music.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

M.: Galin A. C., 2011.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

304 p., 1000 copies


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

, ISBN 978-5-9901548-6-5


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Yastrebov V. IN. Women in foreign popular music: Encyclopedic guide/V. IN. Yastrebov said.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Moscow, NOTA-R Publ., 2004.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

— 912 p. (1824 stb): ill.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

— ISBN 5-98581-004-6


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Jeremy Pascall The illustrated history of Rock music.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

— New York: Galahad, 1978.


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

ISBN 9-88-365399-0


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

References


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Russian-language resources


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

at Curlie


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

Ilya Smirnov


Question: Who is Turkey's most outstanding musician at the moment?

Rock music

English language resources


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev (Old East Slavic: Kiev, Kyv,, Ukrainian: Kyiv [ˈkạjiu] pronunciation) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

It is located on the Dnieper River, the center of the Kiev agglomeration.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

A separate administrative-territorial unit of Ukraine; cultural, political, socio-economic, transport, scientific and religious center of the country.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev is the administrative center of the Kiev region and the Kiev-Svyatoshinsky district of the Kiev region, although it is not part of them, having a special legal status.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

It is located in the north-central part of Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev is the seventh most populous city in Europe after Istanbul, Moscow, London, St. Petersburg, Berlin and Madrid [1].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Throughout its history, Kiev has been the capital of glades, Kievan Rus, the Principality of Kiev, the Ukrainian People's Republic, the Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets, the Ukrainian State, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, and since 1991 — independent Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

It houses the governing structures of GUAM and STCU.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Due to its importance as the historical center of Russia, the city is called the “mother of Russian cities”; due to the merits of the Second World War, it bears the highest degree of distinction “Hero City”.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Name


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Name origin


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

According to one legend, the name of the city comes from the name of Kiy, the oldest of the three brothers, who, according to legend, are considered the founders of Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

This legend has survived to this day in the chronicle of the XII century “The Tale of Bygone Years”:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

busha · g · brothers · one named after Kii · and the other Cheek · and the third Khoriv and their sister Lbed · Kii's case on the mountain where not voz Borichev · and Cheek is on the mountain · where he does not call Shchekovitsa · and Khoriv on the third mountain · it is not good to call Khorevitsa · and fold the city in the name of his brother old man · and narekosha imu Kiev · and more kolo hail ses and boron great · and bhu fishing call bhu men wise and smleni and namesPolne · they are Polne in Kiev and to this day


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Tale of Bygone Years says:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Ini, on the other hand, is not a rekosha · ko Kii is reborn bl · Kieva bo more transportation then from it on the side of Dnepra · tem glhu for transportation to Kiev


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The chronicler answered this:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

... even bo bo rearose Kii · then I did not go to Tsryugorod, but se Kii knzhash in his family · and come to him to tsryu.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

the skin say · there is a great honor to come there is tsr · at which you come tsri · I go the same · come to Dunaevi.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

and love the place and cut down the hail of small and hot things with your family and not give him that blyz living · hedgehog and don call Duitsi settlement Kievets · Kiev I will come to my city of Kiev · that belly concha · and his brother Chek and Horev and their sister Lbed that died...


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Byzantine Emperor Konstantin Bagryanorodny, who wrote in the middle of the X century, noted that Kiev had a second name - Samvatas.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Probably, it was either the ancient name of the city, or its designation in the non-Slavic environment.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The word probably comes from the Khazar language and in this case can mean “upper fortifications”.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Peculiarities of transliteration of titles into other languages


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In Slavic languages, the second vowel in the name of this city varies significantly, which in some cases is due to the peculiarities of the formation of the adjective on behalf of Kiy.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

For example, in Russian, the city is called Kiev, in Polish - Kijów ([ˈkijuf], Kiev, but Polish: w Kijowie, in Kiev), in Serbian - Kiev, Croatian - Kijev, Bulgarian - Kiev, etc. Since Kiev was part of the Russian Empire and the USSR for a long time, the name of the city was learned in non-Slavic languages through Russian: English Kiev (also Kieff in the middle of the XIX century [2] [3]), German Kiew, etc. After Ukraine gained independence, the authorities ordered to take as a basis the Ukrainian names of all its own names when transmitting them “by means of the English language” [4], despite the established traditions of this language [5].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

This affected, in particular, the English name of Kiev: as a result, the word Kyiv appeared, which, however, is unusual for English speakers [6] and therefore is used less often by them than Kiev [7].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

History


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Archaeological excavations show that settlements on the territory of the Kiev region already existed 15,000-25,000 years ago (Kirillov site) [8].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Neolithic and Chalcolithic period (Copper Age) is represented by Trypillian culture, the monuments and periods of which researchers divide into three stages: early (4500-3500 BC), middle (3500-2750 BC) and late (2750—2000 BC).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

For the Bronze Age period, the territories of the southwestern part are characterized by Belogrudov culture.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Zarubinets culture is characteristic of the north-west of Kyiv region in the second half of the 1st millennium BC. e.


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— the first half of the 1st millennium AD


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Iron Age on the territory of modern Kiev and the Kiev region is represented by Chernyakhov archaeological culture, which is also called “Kiev culture” and which existed at the turn of II-III centuries — the turn of the 4th-5th centuries in the forest-steppe and steppe from the Lower Danube region in the west to the left bank of the Dnieper and Chernihiv region in the east.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

According to the legend contained in the Tale of Bygone Years, Kiev was founded by three brothers Kiy, Shchek and Khoriv and sister Lybidia as the center of the Polyan tribe and named after his older brother.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The results of some archaeological excavations can be interpreted in such a way that already in the 6th-7th centuries, settlements on the right bank of the Dnieper will be considered urban [9].


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This concept, supported by the celebration of the 1500th anniversary of Kiev in 1982, was considered generally accepted.


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However, some researchers point out that the discovered archaeological sources do not provide sufficient grounds for the interpretation put forward [10].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In contrast to the “anniversary concept”, some historians and archaeologists believe, as before, that the formation of Kiev as a city took place in the 8th-10th centuries.


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Kyiv

Only at the end of this period, individual settlements on Zamkova Hill, Podil and Starokievskaya Hill merged in the 10th century into a single settlement of an urban nature [11] [12].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

According to various sources, at the end of the IX century Askold and Dir reigned in Kiev, who were either vigilantes of the Varangian Rurik, or descendants of Kiy; in 882 Kiev was conquered by a relative of Rurik, Novgorod Prince Oleg, who moved his residence there, saying: “this budi mt (i) the city of Russk.”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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From that moment on, Kiev became the capital of Russia.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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In Russia, the possession of the Kiev grand ducal table belonged (at least theoretically) to the eldest in the family and provided supreme power over the specific princes.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev remained the real political center of Kievan Rus, at least until the death of Vladimir Monomakh and his son Mstislav the Great (in 1132).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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During the period of fragmentation, Kiev formally continued to be considered the senior table and served as a constant object of struggle between strong princes.


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A serious blow to the city was dealt by the capture and looting by the troops of Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky of Vladimir in 1169, which became the first case in history of the ruin of the grand ducal throne [13], and pogrom by troops Prince Rurik Rostislavovich of Smolensk in 1203.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1240, Kiev was looted and destroyed by the Mongol-Tatars.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the future, the Principality of Kiev continued to exist under the Mongol-Tatar yoke, they continued to rule the Rurikovich, but they received reign by label.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

A new period in the history of Kiev began with the victory of the Lithuanians in the battle on the Irpen River, which took place around 1324.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In it, Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas completely defeated the army of Grand Duke of Kiev Stanislav Ivanovich, as a result of which the Principality of Kiev became a vassal of Lithuania, and its new ruler was Mindovg Golshansky is the founder of a new dynasty of Kiev rulers - Princes Golshansky (ruled Kiev from 1321/24 to 1331 and from 1397 to 1435).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1331, the Rurikovich made the last attempt to seize the Kiev throne - Fedor became the new prince with the help of the Horde, but after the victory of the troops of the Lithuanian Prince Algird in the Battle of Blue Waters in In 1362, the Rurikovich finally lost the Kiev table and it was ascended the son of Olgerd Vladimir - the representative of the Gediminids' and the ancestor of the Olelkovich (ruled Kiev from 1362 to 1397 and from 1443 to 1471), who competed with the Golshansky for possession of the principality throughout the Lithuanian period.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

From 1362 to 1569, Kiev was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, from 1569 to 1654 it was part of the Crown of the Polish Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1654, an anti-Polish uprising took place in the city and Kiev passed “under the arm of the Moscow tsar”, which is officially confirmed when the Andrusovsky Armistice was signed in 1667.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

During the period of becoming part of the Russian Kingdom (since 1667), Kiev continued to play an important role as one of the cultural and religious centers of the state.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After October 27, 1625 and until 1708, the city of Kiev was the regimental center of the Kiev Regiment, an administrative-territorial and military unit of the Hetman [14].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On December 18, 1708, during the first division of the state of the Russian Kingdom into provinces, the Kiev province was formed with the provincial city of Kiev [15] and included 55 cities [16].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After October 22, 1721, the Russian Kingdom became known as the Russian Empire, of which the Kiev province became part [17] [18].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In September 1781, the Kiev province was transformed into a viceroyalty [19].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In November-December 1796, a new Kiev province was established, and part of the territory located on the left bank of the Dnieper was ceded to the Little Russian province [20].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In August 1862, the administration of the Kiev Military District of the Imperial Russian Army was located in the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the February Revolution in Russia on March 3, 1917, the city became subordinate to the Provisional Government of Russia.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On September 1, 1917, the city, province, administration of the military district became part of the Russian Republic.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the October Revolution in Russia, October 25—26, according to the old style (November 7-8, according to the new style), the city, province, administration of the military district became subordinate to the Temporary Workers 'and Peasants' governments.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Since November 1917, Kiev changed hands many times, and the power was constantly changing.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On November 7 (20), 1917, the Ukrainian Central Rada took power in the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On January 16 (29), 1918, the January Bolshevik Uprising began.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The uprising was suppressed on January 22 (February 4), 1918, the independence of the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed - Kiev became its capital.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On January 26 (February 8), 1918, the city was captured by the troops of Soviet Russia.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Red terror, the establishment of Soviet power in the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

March 1, 1918 — the capture of the city by the troops of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) under the command of S. IN. Petliura.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Return of the Government of the Central Rada to the city [21].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

April 29, 1918 — the overthrow of the Central Rada by the German authorities and the proclamation of Hetman of Ukraine P. P. Skoropadsky.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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The city became the capital of the new Ukrainian state (Ukrainian state).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

April 29 - December 14, 1918, the city housed the administration of the corps - the military district of the 4th Kiev Corps of the Ukrainian state.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

[22], [23] December 14, 1918 — the capture of Kiev by the UPR troops under the command of S. IN. Petliura.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

February 5, 1919 — Red Army troops entered Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On April 10, 1919, the red troops were driven out of part of Kiev (Podol, Svyatoshino, Kurenevka) for one day by the formation of Ataman Struk, operating in the Chernobyl district [24].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

August 31, 1919 (morning) — entry into Kiev of units of the Volunteer Army of the Armed Forces of Southern Russia, the Galician Army, the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic (the red troops left the city on August 30).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the afternoon, the Volunteer Army and Ukrainian units began fighting, the Ukrainian troops left the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

October 14, 1919 — capture of the city by the Red Army.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

October 16, 1919 — The Volunteer Army recaptured the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

December 16, 1919 — the capture of Kiev by the Red Army.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

May 7, 1920 — units of the Polish Army entered Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

June 12, 1920 — Kiev was captured by the Red Army.


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Kyiv

On June 12, 1920, it finally became part of the Ukrainian SSR.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On June 24, 1934, by decision of the Council of People's Commissars of Ukraine, the capital of the Ukrainian SSR was moved


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

To protect the city from the Soviet-Polish border, the construction of the Kiev fortified district began in 1928.


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Kyiv

[25] On August 13, P. E.


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Knyagnitsky.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

From 1936 to 1941, a system of railway tunnels under the Dnieper was built in Kiev, but its construction was interrupted by the war.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Later, its unfinished components were partially flooded, and the remaining materials became the basis for the first stations of the Kiev Metro.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On June 22, 1941, the KOVO administration allocated the field administration of the South-Western Front.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The KVO administration continued to work under the leadership of Lieutenant General V. F. Yakovleva [26].


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Kyiv

Since the beginning of the war, the city's party organizations have sent more than 30,000 communists to the troops [27].


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Kyiv

On July 11, fighting broke out on the outskirts of the city [28].


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See Kiev Operation and Defense of the Kiev Fortified Area.


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On September 19, 1941, the 37th Army of the Red Army, defending the city, left it and began to make its way out of the encirclement.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On the same day, the troops of the 6th German Army entered Kiev.


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Kyiv

The defense of the city continued for more than 70 days.


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Kyiv

The German army lost more than 100,000 men here.


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Kyiv

In 1941-1943, the Syretsky death camp was located in the Babi Yar area.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

During the occupation, more than 100,000 residents of the city of Kiev and prisoners of war were shot here.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

[29], [30], [31] On November 3, 1943, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front launched the Kiev offensive [32].


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Kyiv

On November 5, 1943, in the morning, the Wehrmacht began withdrawing troops from the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

By the morning of November 6, Kiev, the capital of Soviet Ukraine, was liberated by the Red Army [32], [33].


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Kyiv

In 1951, the first MESM computer in the USSR and continental Europe was created in Kiev [34].


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Kyiv

On November 6, 1960, the Kiev Metro began its work.


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Kyiv

On June 21, 1961, in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of heroic defense, Kiev was awarded the Order of Lenin.


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On the same day, the medal “For the Defense of Kiev” was established.


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Kyiv

In the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On the Establishment of the Medal “For the Defense of Kiev””, the city of Kiev is called a hero city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On May 8, 1965, in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War, the city of Kiev was awarded the honorary title “Hero City” and awarded the Gold Star medal.


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Kyiv

Since August 24, 1991, Kiev has been the capital of independent Ukraine.


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Kyiv

In 2005 and 2017, Kiev hosted the 50th and 62nd Eurovision Song Contest, respectively.


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Kyiv

In 2012, it was one of four Ukrainian cities to host the 2012 European Football Championship, and in 2018 it hosted the UEFA Champions League final.


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In late 2013 — early 2014, the city hosted the main events of Euromaidan.


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Nikolaevskaya Street, the end of the 19th century


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The ruins of the city after World War II


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The Orange Revolution, 2004


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Euromaidan 2013—2014


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Physico-geographical characteristics


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Climate


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Kyiv

The average annual temperature is +8.4 °C.


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Kyiv

The average annual wind speed is 2.5 m/s.


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The average annual air humidity is 74%.


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The total duration of sunshine for the year is 1,927 hours, or 43% of the possible.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Geography


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Distance from Kyiv to the nearest major cities [35] Pinsk ~ 360 km


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Minsk ~ 430 km


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Warsaw ~ 680 km Gomel ~ 225 km


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Smolensk ~ 500 km


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Saint Petersburg ~ 1050 km Chernihiv ~ 125 km


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Bryansk ~ 410 km


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Moscow ~ 750 km Zhytomyr ~ 135 km


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Rivne ~ 305 km


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Lutsk ~ 370 km Sumy ~ 315 km


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Poltava ~ 335 km


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Kharkiv ~ 405 km


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Belgorod ~ 435 km Vinnytsia ~ 200 km


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Khmelnytskyi ~ 275 km


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Ivano-Frankivsk ~ 450 km Kryvyi Rih ~ 350 km


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Kishinev ~ 395 km


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Mykolaiv ~ 400 km


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Odesa ~ 435 km Kremenchuk ~ 260 km


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Dnipro ~ 390 km


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Zaporizhzhia ~ 440 km


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Nature


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A characteristic feature of Kiev is a large number of green spaces.


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American artist Rockwell Kent wrote:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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The symbol of the city is a chestnut leaf [36] [37].


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This tree appeared in the city at the border of the 19th and 20th centuries.


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It was chestnuts, as an experiment, that Bulvarnoye Shosse (now T. Shevchenko).


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Later, the trees spread throughout the city [38].


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Administrative divisions


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The city consists of 10 districts on the right and left banks of the Dnieper.


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The “Master Plan for the Development of Kiev until 2020” approved by the Kyiv City Council provides for the expansion of the capital region, which will include the districts of the Kiev region:


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Baryshevsky, Borodyansky, Brovarsky, Vasilkovsky, Vyshgorodsky, Kievo-Svyatoshinsky, Makarovsky, Fastovsky;


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A number of satellite cities, including Boryspil, Boyarka, Bucha, Brovary, Vasilkov, Vishnevoe, Vyshgorod, Irpen, Fastov [42].


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The special legal status of the city


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The capital of Ukraine


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According to Art.


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133 of the Constitution of Ukraine [43], the city of Kiev as the capital of Ukraine has a special status determined by the Law of Ukraine “On the Capital of Ukraine — the Hero City of Kiev” [44] and is not subordinate to the regional leadership ( the Constitution of Ukraine gives the same rights to the city of Sevastopol).


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Kyiv

According to this Law and its interpretation by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the head of the Kyiv City State Administration (KSCA) automatically becomes the mayor of Kiev, elected to direct elections by achieving the largest number of votes cast by voters participating in the mayoral elections.


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Authorities


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In May 2014, 120 deputies were elected during the elections to the city council:


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Results of the early elections of deputies of the Kyiv City Council on May 25, 2014 [45]


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Center|220pxVerkhovna Rada BuildingCabinet of MinistAdministration of the President of UkraineMinistry of Foreign Affairs of UkraineKyiv City State Administration on Khreshchatyk


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Mayors


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population


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Kyiv

At the end of the 18th century, the population was about 30,000 people.


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Kyiv

According to the 2001 census, 2,611,300 residents lived in Kiev.


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Currently, the population is increasing by an average of 20 thousand people per year.


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Kyiv

From January 1, 2002 to January 1, 2010, the population of Kiev increased by 174 thousand people [46].


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Kyiv

As of January 1, 2018, the current population amounted to 2,934,522 people (which is 0.3% more than January 1, 2017).


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Kyiv

The resident population is 2,893,215 people [40].


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Kyiv

The natural increase in the city's population is positive, its value is much higher than in the country as a whole (+2.2 people per thousand against -4.17 in Ukraine as a whole) and this is one of the highest indicators population growth in Ukraine after Zakarpattia and Rivne regions (+3.7 and +2.4, respectively).


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Kyiv

According to the Institute of Demography and Social Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, at the beginning of 2009, the actual population of Kiev was 3,144.3 thousand people.


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[47], which is 420,000 more than the population at that time according to official statistics.


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In 2016: birth rate — 12.5 per thousand people, mortality — 10.5, natural increase — 2.0 (−4.4 in Ukraine as a whole) [48], [49].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Migration indicators: the number of arrivals per 10,000 people — 102.8, those who left — 57.2, migration increase — 45.6 (2.5 in Ukraine as a whole) [50].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

National composition


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the middle of the 17th century, the overwhelming majority of the population of Kiev were Ukrainians, some were Russians, Belarusians and Poles.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In addition, Armenians, Jews, Greeks, Tatars, Germans and representatives of other ethnic groups lived in the city [51].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the 19th century, due to assimilation in Kiev, the share of Ukrainians decreased significantly.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Thus, in 1897 it was 22.2%, and in 1917 it was 16.4%.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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At the same time, the share of Russians decreased from 54.2% to 49.5% and the share of Jews increased from 12.1% to 18.6%.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Later, the share of Ukrainians increased, and in 1926 they again became the dominant ethnic group of Kiev with an indicator of 42.2% against 24.4% of Russians [52].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

By the beginning of the 21st century, the share of Ukrainians in Kiev increased from 72.5% in 1989 to 82.2% in 2001.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

At the same time, the number of other nationalities has decreased.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The number of Russians decreased the most, from 536.2 thousand people (20.9%) in 1989 to 337.3 thousand people (13.1%) in 2001.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The number of Belarusians (1989 — 25.3 thousand people, 2001 — 16.5 thousand people) and Poles (1989 — 10.4 thousand people, 2001 — 6.9 thousand people) also decreased.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

By the beginning of the 21st century, the process of emigration of Jews was completed (from 1989 to 2001, the absolute number of Jews in Kiev decreased from 100.6 to 17.9 thousand people, and their share in the population of the city decreased from 13.9% in 1959 to 0.7% in 2001).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

According to the 2001 census [53], the population of the city was 82.2% Ukrainians and 13.1% Russians.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In a survey conducted in November 2006, 83% of the city's residents identified themselves as Ukrainians, 14% — Russians, 3% — Jews, Armenians and representatives of other nationalities [54].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Jewish community


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The first information about the Jewish community of Kiev dates back to the 10th century.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The “Kiev Letter”, the first mention of Kiev, was written in ancient Hebrew by Kiev Jews.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Jewish travelers such as Venjamin from Tudela and Perchia from Regensburg wrote about Kiev as a city with a large Jewish community.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

During the Mongol invasion, the community, together with the city, was destroyed and restored only during the Polish rule.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

During this period, Jews were expelled from the city several times — in 1459 and 1619 [55]


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1648, the community suffered greatly, like the entire Jewish population of Ukraine, from the Cossack uprising of Khmelnitsky.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the annexation of Kiev to the Moscow Kingdom in 1654, Jews were forbidden to settle in the city, the ban was lifted only after the partition of Poland in 1793, after which Polish people began to settle in Kiev Jews.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the 19th century, the community continued to grow and over time became one of the most important Jewish communities in Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

During this period, many synagogues were built in the city, including the main synagogue of the city, the Brodsky Synagogue.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Several schools and workshops have also been built.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, the community was subjected to several pogroms — in 1882 dozens of Jews were killed and wounded, and many houses were looted.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1905, the community also suffered a pogrom.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1913, the famous Baylis case took place in Kiev - a trial on charges of the Jew Menachem Mendel Beilis of the ritual murder of a 12-year-old student.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Baileys was acquitted as a result of the trial.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

During the Civil War and the Ukrainian War of Independence, the community suffered several times from pogroms by the opposing forces.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the end of the war and the establishment of Soviet power, the community began to grow rapidly and reached 224,000 people in 1939 [55]


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the invasion of Nazi Germany in the USSR, most Jews managed to evacuate from the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On September 29-30, 1941, the remaining Jews were driven to Babi Yar and brutally killed there.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

This, one of the most famous episodes of the Holocaust, killed 33,731 people.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Another 15,000 Jews were shot between 1941 and 1942.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the war, the surviving Jews returned to the city and the community was revived.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 1946, only one synagogue operated in the city, and the last appointed rabbi of the city, Rabbi Panets, resigned in 1960 and died in 1968.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After his death until the 1990s, the rabbi was not in Kiev [55].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Great Choral Synagogue


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Barishpolsky Synagogue


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Brodsky Synagogue


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Galician synagogue


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Karaite kenesa


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Most of the city's Jews emigrated after the collapse of the USSR and the restoration of Ukraine's independence.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the 1990s, the religious community was revived, and a memorial to the victims of the Holocaust was opened in Babi Yar, where an official ceremony is held every year.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Today, about 20,000 Jews live in Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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The city has two Jewish schools and two main religious communities with two synagogues — Chabad (Rabbi Moshe Asman) and Karlin (Yakov Bleich, aka Chief Rabbi of Ukraine) [57].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Jeweler Joseph Marshak (1854), philosopher Lev Shestov (1866), satirist Yakov Yadov (1873), writer Ilya Ehrenburg (1891), artist Sandro Fazini (1892), Soviet state and party leader Lazar Kaganovich (1893), Israeli politician Golda Meir (1898), pianist Vladimir Horowitz (1903), film director Maya Deren (1917), physicist Marcos Moshinsky (1921) [58].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Language situation


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The language history of Kiev is complex and contradictory [59].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In many ways, it is a reflection of its long and rather contradictory history, as well as various changes in language policy of recent centuries.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Intensive mixing of two closely related languages, which led to the emergence of the so-called surzhik, has been noted in Kiev since the second quarter of the XIX century [59].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

As of 2000, 18% of Kiev residents used Ukrainian in family communication, 48% — Russian, and 34% — communicated in two languages, depending on the circumstances [60].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Commenting on the results of the first population census in 2001, the magazine “Demoscope” called Kiev “rather Ukrainian-speaking (at least wishing to seem so)” [61].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

According to the last census of 2001, 72.1% of Kiev residents called Ukrainian their native language, 25.3% - Russian [62].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

This ratio has changed a lot since the last Soviet population census in 1989.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Religion


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Shortly after the Baptism of Rus (988), the first stone church of Russia, the Tithes Church, was built in Kiev, which became the center of the Kiev Metropolis of the Patriarchate of Constantinople.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 2007, there were 719 religious communities in Kiev, including the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate — 177, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kiev Patriarchate — 91, Witnesses Jehovahs — 49, Baptists — 45, Christians of Evangelical Faith — 40, UAOC — 24, Seventh Day Adventists — 21, Pentecostals — 15, UGCC — 9, Muslims — 8, Roman Catholic Church — 8, Jews — 7 [63], Jewish Messianic community, Old Believers (Russian Orthodox Old Believers Church) — 1 and at least 4 unregistered Buddhist communities.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

As of July 1, 2009, 1,067 religious organizations were officially registered and operated in Kiev, including 813 religious communities, 44 spiritual centers, 21 administrations, 106 missions, 21 brotherhoods, 41 religious educational institutions and 21 monasteries [64].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In a survey conducted in November 2006, 64% of Kiev residents identified themselves as believers, 9% identified themselves as believers in supernatural forces, 19% did not determine their religious affiliation, 8% % are atheists.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

11% of all respondents regularly visit religious services and institutions, 64% — occasionally.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

From 23% (divination and predictions) to 52% (talismans) believe in various superstitions [54].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

As of 2018, Kiev was the administrative center for a number of religious organizations in Ukraine:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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The Orthodox Church of Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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The residence of its Primate, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Ukraine, and the location of the cathedral is the Mikhailovsky Golden-Domed Monastery.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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She also owns such Kiev churches and monasteries as: St. Sophia Monastery (in St. Sophia Cathedral, services are held only on major Christian holidays and great historical holidays for Ukrainian people, in the Refectory Church — constantly), Vydubitsky Monastery, Vladimir Cathedral, Transfiguration Cathedral, Church of St. Nicholas Pritisk, Church of the Nativity of Christ, Intercession Church, Church Dormition of the Virgin Pirogoshcha, Church of St. Nicholas Naberezhny, Sretenskaya Church, etc.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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The Ukrainian Orthodox Church as part of the Moscow Patriarchate.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The residence of its Primate, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Ukraine, and the location of the temporary cathedral is the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

She also owns such Kiev churches and monasteries as: Florovsky Monastery, Holy Trinity Ioninsky Monastery, Zverinetsky Cave Monastery, Vvedensky Monastery, Panteleimon Monastery, Pokrovsky Monastery, Goloseevskaya Pustyn, Kitaevskaya Pustyn, St. Olginsky Cathedral, St. Cyril's Church, Elias Church, Holy Cross Church, St. Michael's Church at Alexandrovskaya hospital, Kiev-Podolsk Vvedenskaya Church, Dmitrievskaya (Konstantino-Eleninskaya) Church, Holy Ascension Church, Church of St. Nicholas on the Water, Church of St.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Theodore the Consecrated, etc.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Patriarchal Center is the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

She also owns the Church of St. Nicholas the Good and the Church of St. Nicholas at Askold's Grave.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Diocese of Kiev-Zhitomir of the Roman Catholic Church.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The cathedral is St. Alexander's Cathedral; it also owns the Nicholas Church.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv community of the German Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

She owns St. Catherine's Lutheran Church


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

He owns the Al-Rahma mosque.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Old Believers Diocese of Kiev and All Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Kiev Jewish Messianic Community is the largest Messianic community in the world (about 1,800 members).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

There are several synagogues on the territory of the city: the Synagogue of the Kiev Jewish Religious Community, the Brodsky Choral Synagogue and the Galician Synagogue.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Industry


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv is a major industrial center of Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the collapse of the USSR, many enterprises were reduced or even closed altogether.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Nevertheless, many sectors of the national economy are still represented in the city: light and food industries, printing, pharmaceuticals, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, aircraft construction.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Mini|Kyiv Central Department Store


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The main enterprises are:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Plant for the production of photovoltaic modules of PJSC “Kvazar”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Obolon Brewery


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Ship Repair and Construction Yard


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev jewelry factory


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Vitamin Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Pharmacological enterprise “Darnitsa”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Antonov KB


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Mechanical Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Armored Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Champagne Factory “Stolychnyi”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Automation Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Mayak Plant OJSC


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv plant “Bolshevik”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev plant “Kuznitsa na Rybalsky” (ex. Leninskaya Kuznya)


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev plant “Stroydormash”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyivkhimvolokno


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Motorcycle Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Rostok CJSC


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv building materials plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

SE “Burevestnik”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

PTK “Agromat” LLC


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Otis CJSC (Kiev Elevator Plant)


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

410th Civil Aviation Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

“Arsenal” factory


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev Mechanical Repair Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Antonov Serial Plant


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Economic indicators


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Based on the materials of the Statistics Committee of Ukraine [71] and the Main Department of Statistics in St. Kyiv [72].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Transportation


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv is a major transport hub (railways and highways, river port, airports).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Since 1960, the metro has been operating.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Bus, trolleybus and tram networks are developed, and a funicular is in operation.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Aerial


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The first major passenger airport (as well as military airfield) in Kiev was Brovarsky, destroyed in 1941.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Currently, there are three airports in Kyiv:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Boryspil International Airport (located southeast of Kiev, in the city of Boryspil, Kiev region).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Kyiv International Airport (Zhuliany).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Antonov International Airport (Gostomel).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Svyatoshin experimental airfield (test airfield of the Kiev Aviant Aircraft Plant) is also located within the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In the vicinity of the city there are also military airfields in the cities of Vasilkov, Uzin, Belaya Tserkov.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Plans to use Vasilkov and Bila Tserkva airfields as passenger airports were repeatedly discussed.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Near the city there are a number of small airfields: Chaika (former DOSAAF base, parachute base, sports aviation), Buzovaya (glider base), Dolina (sports aviation), Nalyvaikovka (sports aviation) aviation), Byshev, Borodyanka (parachute base), Devichki, Gogolev, Kiev-Yuzhny (Grebinki, agricultural aviation, parachute base, helicopters) and others.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 2017, more than 11 million passengers used Kiev airports [73].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

railway


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv is a major railway junction.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The main department of the South-Western Railway is located in Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The central railway station is Kyiv Passazhyrsky.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In Kiev, five main lines converge in the directions of Fastov, Korosten, Nizhyn, Grebinka, Mironovka.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Also, the Northern Ring passes through Kiev, which runs from the station.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Borshchagovka and st.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Svyatoshino through the station.


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Kyiv-Petrovka and Kyiv-Dneprovsky to the station.


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Darnitsa.


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All main lines are electrified.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

There is a departmental non-electrified railway line from the station.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

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Kiev-Petrovka to Vyshgorod.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

A suburban diesel train runs along it several times a day.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 2009, the first stage of the city train was launched, and since October 4, 2011, trains have been running on the ring railway.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Train stations:


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv-Pasazhyrsky (It also includes South Station, Suburban Station and Northern Platforms)


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev-Tovarny


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Kyiv

Karavaevi Dachi


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Darnitsky railway station


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv-Demeyivskiy


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Automotive


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv is a major junction of highways in Ukraine.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The length of roads in the city is more than 1,600 km, 80% of which do not meet the standards as of 2017 [74].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Rechnoy


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Kiev River Port was built in July 1897.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The berths of the port stretch from the Harbor to the Dnepr metro station.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Cargo and passenger transportation along the Dnieper was carried out by the shipping company Ukrrichflot.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In Soviet times, passenger transportation was unprofitable, but it was subsidized by the state.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the privatization of Ukrrichflot on November 11, 1992, the volume of traffic began to fall, at the same time, passenger ships and ships were sold abroad and were used for scrap.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Today, sightseeing routes are provided for passengers along the Dnieper only in the area of St. Kyiv.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 2009, a forgotten form of public transport for Kiev was launched — the so-called “river tram”, for communication between the right and left banks of Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The tram runs only during the warmer months.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The Dnieper is used to transport bulky cargo.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Metro


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The construction of the metro in Kiev began in 1949, the first section was opened on November 6, 1960.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Today, there are three lines (Svyatoshinsko-Brovarskaya, Kurenevsko-Krasnoarmeyskaya, Syretsko-Pecherskaya) with a total length of 67.6 km with 52 stations.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Every day, the metro carries about 1.439 million passengers (as of 2012).


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Kyiv

Metro stations of the first stage are architectural monuments.


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Kyiv

In 2012, the Golden Gate station was included in the list of 22 most beautiful metro stations in Europe (according to the Daily Telegraph) [75].


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Kyiv

A bridge is being built across the The Dnieper is on the future fourth line, Podolsko-Vigurovskaya, and the fifth, Vyshgorodsko-Darnitskaya line, is being designed.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In 2010-2013, six stations were opened on the Kurenevsko-Krasnoarmeyskaya line — Demievskaya, Goloseevskaya, Vasilkovskaya, Vystavkovaya Tsentr [76], Ippodrome [77] and Teremki [78].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Tram


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev is the first city of the Russian Empire to have an electric tram.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The first 1.5 km long line was opened on June 13 [O.S. 1892] along Alexandrovsky Descent (now Vladimirsky Descent) and Aleksandrovskaya Street (Sagaidachnogo Street).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On December 30, 1978, the first high-speed tram line in the USSR from Victory Square to the Borshchagovka residential area was opened in Kiev, built on the initiative of Vladimir Veklich [79] and Vasily Dyakonov [80].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

1990 was the culmination of the development of the tram network — the total length of the lines was 275.9 km, the production base was 904 passenger tram cars, and the annual traffic volume reached 438,000,000 people.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Since the mid-1990s, the tram sector has been gradually declining, in 2005, the corresponding figures fell to 258.3 km and 509 tram cars, the annual traffic volume amounted to about 175,600,000.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

After the reconstruction of the Paton Bridge in 2004, the city's tram network was torn into two separate parts - the left bank and the right bank.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Funicular


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The funicular was built as an effective way to shorten the route from the Upper Town to Podil.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

It was put into operation in May 1905.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The length of its path was 193 m. It was reconstructed in 1928 (extended by 41 m), 1958 and 1984.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Trolley bus


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Work on the organization of trolleybus traffic in Kiev began in 1934 with the return to Kiev of the status of the capital.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The first trolleybus route was Krasnoarmeyskaya Street. (Ukrainian: Chervonoarmiyska).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

On June 12, 1966 [81] [82] Kiev inventor Vladimir Veklich [83] [84] created the first trolleybus train in the world practice [85] [86].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

By 1983, more than half of the Kiev trolleybus fleet operated in 296 trolleybus trains under the Vladimir Veklich system [87], which made it possible to release more than 800 drivers [81].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The successful experience of Kiev residents was adopted in more than 20 cities of the former USSR [88].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Today, the rolling stock is mainly represented by K12, YuMZ, LAZ E183 and 301, MAZ-103T and Bogdan machines.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

As of 2000, 35 trolleybus routes operate in Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The total length of trolleybus lines is 324.9 km, and the fleet consists of 640 cars.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Since May 2006, the number of trolleybus routes has reached 44.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

As of December 2010, 37 routes are in operation.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

There are 4 trolleybus depots.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Bus


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

For the first time, they tried to launch a regular bus service in Kiev back in 1913.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In fact, the full operation of the bus began in 1925.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

At that time, there were 2 buses on the only route.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Now there are about 90 municipal bus routes in Kiev.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The number of buses exceeds 700 units.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

There are 8 bus fleets.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Route taxi


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In Kiev, minibus lines operate parallel to most municipal transport lines.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Minibus lines also connect the city with its suburbs.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Minibus lines are serviced by private road carriers and utility ATP.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Housing estates and other areas


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Rename streets


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

In Kyiv, 79 boulevards, streets, squares and lanes received new names as part of the implementation of the law on decommunization (March 11, 2016, the relevant document was published on the website of the Kyiv City state administration) [89].


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Ecology


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv has a reputation as one of the greenest and cleanest capitals.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Nevertheless, in recent years, air pollution with car exhaust gases has become increasingly relevant in Kiev, as in all major cities.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The main air pollutant in Kiev is motor transport: it accounts for 83.4% of all harmful emissions into the atmosphere.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Culture and recreation


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

There are 27 museums, 25 theaters and studio theaters in Kiev (for example, the National Academic Opera and Ballet Theater of Ukraine named after T. Shevchenko, Kyiv Municipal Academic Opera and Ballet Theater for Children and Youth, National Academic Drama Theater n.a. Ivan Franko, Lesya Ukrainka National Academic Theater of Russian Drama, PoET Theater, Theater on Podol, Kiev Academic Young Theater, Kiev National Academic Operetta Theater, Kiev State Academic Puppet Theater, Kiev Municipal Academic Puppet Theater, Kiev State Academic Drama and Comedy Theater on the Left Bank, Kiev Variety Theater, Silver Island Theatre).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev has one of the largest planetariums in Eastern Europe.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kyiv is rich in cultural and art monuments.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The most important of them are the Golden Gate, St. Sophia Cathedral (11th century), the Vydubitsky Monastery (11th century), the complex of buildings of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra (11th—18th centuries), the Mikhailovsky Golden-Domed Monastery, the Florovsky Monastery ( beg 16th century), the Church of the Savior on Beresta (12th century), Baroque Resurrection, Andreevskaya, Pokrovskaya, Trinity churches, painted by Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov, etc.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Vladimirsky Cathedral (19th century), St. Cyril's Church restored/painted by Mikhail Vrubel (12th century), Klovsky and Mariinsky Palaces.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Forests, parks and gardens make up more than half of its area.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

There are two botanical gardens on the territory of the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Kiev is rightly called one of the greenest cities in the world (and once it was considered the greenest).


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The famous Kiev chestnuts, which bloom luxuriously in May, and sometimes twice a year: in spring and autumn, have become one of the symbols of the city.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

The city is also the venue for the Kiev International Film Festival “Molodist”, the International Festival “Chestnut House”, the International Festival “Poetry League”, the Kiev International film festival and film festival “Stozhary”.


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Large cinemas


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Leipzig


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Zhovten


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

“Kyiv”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

“Ukraine”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

“Kyivska Rus”


Question: What is the oldest building in Kyiv for 2019?

Kyiv

Butterfly