Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Some sources even attribute to him the initiative to exile the tsar to Tobolsk [34].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In April 1918, the Bolsheviks arrested the bishop and shot him in June.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the opening of the second session of the Local Council on January 20, 1918, the aggravation of relations between the new government and the Church began, primarily around the decree “on the separation of church from state and school from church”, including declaring the property of the church a “national treasure”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The adoption of the decree is taking place against the background of a number of excesses on the ground.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Thus, in Petrograd on January 13-21, the Bolsheviks tried to requisition the premises of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra; during clashes between revolutionary sailors and believers, Archpriest Skipetrov P. AND..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On January 25, after the capture of Kiev by the troops of the Left Social Revolutionaries Muravyov M. A., Metropolitan Vladimir of Kiev and Galicia died, who was lynched by revolutionary sailors for the purpose of robbery.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On January 19, Patriarch Tikhon, in his appeal, condemned “madmen who commit massacres,” although the text did not directly mention the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Local Council, in its resolutions of January 25 and 27, sharply condemned the Decree, stating, among other things, that “... the people who became in power and called themselves People's Commissars are themselves alien to the Christian, and some of them and of all faiths, issued a decree (law) called “on freedom of conscience”, but in fact establishes complete violence against the conscience of believers.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In February 1918, another excesses occurred, this time in Omsk.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 2, the Bolsheviks, in accordance with the Decree, tried to requisition part of the church property, demanding that Bishop Sylvester of Omsk and Pavlodar transfer the Dukhovnaya buildings to their disposal consistories and the Bishops' House [35].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The rumors greatly exaggerated the demands made; for example, they said that the Bolsheviks were allegedly going to requisition the Omsk Cathedral to build an infirmary in it.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Bishop Sylvester, in protest, organizes a demonstrative procession on February 4, appeals are circulating that allegedly “the Omsk Council of People's Commissars decided, according to a decree from Petrograd, published under the chairmanship of Iosel Abramovich Trotsky-Bronstein, to select the Omsk Cathedral and your Omsk Nikolsky Cossack Cathedral.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In fact, Trotsky, who at that time was the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs, had nothing to do with the Decree “On the Separation of Church from State and School from Church”, and his signature is not listed on the Decree.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the night of February 5-6, 1918, the Red Guards arrested the bishop, and his economy Tsikura was killed.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The incident leads to riots in Omsk; Patriarch Tikhon actually takes the side of Bishop Sylvester, making him archbishops on April 12.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to researcher Richard Pipes, a total of 687 people died in such clashes with believers in the period from February to May 1918.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Faced with such resistance, the Soviet authorities decided to focus instead of closing churches on closing monasteries that enjoyed less support from the population.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By 1920, 673 monasteries had been closed, and all their property, including candle factories, was secularized in one form or another.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Patriarch Tikhon finally abandoned the principle of non-interference of the Church in the affairs of the state in March 1918, condemning the Brest Peace Treaty.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, relations between the Bolsheviks and the patriarch finally deteriorate on October 26, 1918, when he appealed to the Council of People's Commissars, extremely sharply speaking out against the introduction of the “red terror”; after of such an appeal, the patriarch was placed under house arrest.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

February Revolution


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Spiridovich A. I. describes the atmosphere in pre-revolutionary Petrograd as follows, February 20, 1917:


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After seeing someone from the Security Department, I realized that they were looking at the situation — hopeless.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A catastrophe is coming, and the Minister apparently does not understand the situation and proper measures are not being taken.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

It will be a disaster.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The murder of Rasputin marked the beginning of some chaos, some kind of anarchy.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Everyone is waiting for some kind of coup.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Who will make it, where, how, when — no one knows anything.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

And everyone talks and everyone is waiting.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Having got to the apartment of a friend, a serious informant who knows everything and everything, is in contact with political public circles, the press and the security world, he received a kind of synthesis about the general an onslaught on the government, on the Supreme Power.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

They hate the Queen, they don't want the Tsar anymore.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After five months of my absence, it's kind of reborn.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Tsar's departure was talked about as if about changing an objectionable minister.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The fact that Tsarina and Vyrubova would soon be killed was talked about as simply as about some kind of hospital operation.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

They called officers who were supposedly ready to speak, named some regiments, talked about the conspiracy of the Grand Dukes, almost everyone called V. K. Mikhail Alexandrovich as the future Regent.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 23 (March 8), 1917, demonstrations of women workers of the Nevsky Thread Manufactory began in Petrograd, demanding to eliminate interruptions in the supply of bread to Petrograd and return their husbands from the front.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Apparently, the strike arose spontaneously; Bolshevik Kayurov V. N., who directly supervised this manufactory, reports in his memoirs that on February 22 he “advised” to refrain from the strike, as there was “no reason” for it” [37].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Workers of the Putilov plant join the demonstrations, on February 22, all 36,000 people.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

dismissed for a strike.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The crowd fills Sampsonievsky Avenue.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Thanks to the “withdrawal” of neighboring factories and plants, the strike is growing [37], by February 24 to 170,000 workers, by February 28 to 240,000 [38]


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 24, the commander of the Petrograd Military District, General Khabalov S. S. states that “In recent days, flour has been released to bakeries for baking bread in Petrograd in the same volume as before. There should be no shortage of bread on sale. If in some shops there was not enough bread for others, it was because many, fearing a lack of bread, bought it in reserve for crackers. Rye flour is available in Petrograd in sufficient quantities. The supply of this flour goes on continuously.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, after that, the demonstrations did not subside: huge crowds appear on Nevsky Prospekt, Liteyny Prospekt, Sadovaya Street and Znamenskaya Square, at 12 o'clock in the afternoon Petrograd Mayor Balk tells General Khabalov that the police “are unable to stop the movement and crowds of people.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Apparently, the first victim of the revolution is bailiff Krylov, who was killed by a Cossack [39] on February 25 at three o'clock in the afternoon while trying to disperse the revolutionary crowd gathered on Znamenskaya Square on a large rally at the monument to Alexander III.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Researcher G. Katkov points out that bailiff Krylov tried to push through the crowd to tear down the red flag, but the Cossack struck him several saber blows, and the demonstrators finished Krylov off with a shovel.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Katkov also points out that Krylov was shot from a Cossack rifle, but no gunshot wounds were found during the autopsy.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Judging by General Khabalov's report to the tsar, sent on February 25 at 1730, on the same day, in addition to bailiff Krylov, “four more police ranks received non-dangerous injuries”, and also “in the morning to the police chief Vyborgsky District, an arm was broken and a blunt weapon was inflicted on the head.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Barricades made of telegraph poles and tram cars appear on the Vyborg side.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the same day, General Khabalov receives an order from the tsar “to immediately stop the riots that are unacceptable during the difficult times of the war with Germany and Austria.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Guided by this order, General Khabalov demands that workers end the strikes by February 28, otherwise threatening to send them to the front.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the night of February 25-26, the police conduct mass arrests of Socialists, up to a hundred people, but this did not affect the events in any way.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 25, at 2200, General Khabalov orders:


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Gentlemen


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Tsar ordered to stop the riots tomorrow.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

This is the last resort, it must be used... Therefore, if the crowd is small, if it is not aggressive, not with flags, then you are given a cavalry detachment in each precinct, use cavalry and disperse the crowd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

If the crowd is aggressive, with flags, then act according to the charter, that is, warn with a threefold signal, and after a threefold signal, open fire.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 26, the 4th company of the reserve battalion of the Life Guards Pavlovsky Regiment rebelled, which participated in the dispersal of demonstrations.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

There was a shootout of soldiers of the Pavlovsk Regiment with the police, and with their own officers [40].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The riot was suppressed by the forces of the Preobrazhensky


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The commandant of the Peter and Paul Fortress refuses to accept all the soldiers who participated in the rebellion, saying that he did not have enough space (the number of the company was 1,500 people, and the total regiment was 17,700 people, which corresponded in size to the division).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Only 19 instigators have been arrested.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Of the soldiers of the regiment, 21 people deserted with weapons in their hands.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the same day, February 26, the tsarist government meets for a meeting to discuss the situation in the capital, and decides to introduce a state of siege in Petrograd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, the authorities could not even post notifications about the state of siege in the city, as they were immediately broken by revolutionaries.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the evening of February 26, State Duma Speaker Rodzianko M. V. receives a tsarist decree on the dissolution of the State Duma from February 26; the decree is officially published on February 27.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 27, the training team of the reserve battalion of the Life Guards Volyn Regiment, which participated in the dispersal, also rebelled.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During the dispersal of the demonstrations, the team was under heavy pressure from workers, including women, to persuade them to “not shoot at their own”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The main “instigator” of the riot was actually a non-commissioned officer (sergeant), senior feldfebel Kirpichnikov T. I., recalled to Petrograd from the front after being wounded [41].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Kirpichnikov himself, “The audience surrounded us from behind, those coming at us shouting: “Soldiers, do not shoot”... At that time, as they say, I was stunned. I think: shooting is dead, not shooting is dead.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A rebellious training team kills its commander, Captain Lashkevich; the riot spreads to the entire regiment, rebellious soldiers, modeled on striking workers, begin to “remove” neighboring units, forcing they also join the uprising: the Preobrazhensky Regiment, the Lithuanian Regiment, the Sapper Battalion, etc.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A crowd of revolutionary soldiers of the Volyn, Preobrazhensky and Lithuanian regiments is advancing along Kirochnaya Street, defeating the barracks of the gendarme division and the school of warrant officers of the engineering troops.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A popular legend claims that feldfebel Kirpichnikov allegedly personally killed his own commander, staff captain Lashkevich.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kirpichnikov himself claimed in his memoirs that Lashkevich was killed by a shot by an unknown soldier from the attic.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to researcher G. Katkov, “the commander suddenly spread his arms wide and fell face into the snow in the courtyard of the barracks. He was killed by an accurately fired random bullet!” [37].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

There are shootings at the location of the Moscow Regiment.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By noon, the rebels suppress the resistance of the 4th company of this regiment, which tried to block the Liteyny Bridge with machine guns.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A revolutionary crowd smashes police stations, storms Kresty prison, and releases those arrested.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The building of the District Court on Liteyny Avenue was set on fire.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Firefighters who arrived to extinguish are blocked by the crowd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to researcher G. Katkov, the Scooter Battalion, located on Sampsonievsky Prospekt, also tried to resist the revolutionaries.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The commander of the battalion, Colonel Balkashin, stopped resisting in the morning of February 28 under the threat of destruction of his barracks by artillery and tried to appeal to the revolutionary crowd, but was killed.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 27, Prime Minister Prince Golitsyn N. D. appeals to the tsar with a petition for resignation, dissolution of the government and the appointment of a “responsible ministry”, but it is not accepted by the tsar with the words “regarding the change in personnel under the data I consider them unacceptable in circumstances.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The government dismisses Interior Minister Protopopov, as he caused particular irritation to the rebels.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Minister of War General Belyaev M. A. discovers that the commander of the military guard and guards spare parts of Petrograd, General Chebykin, has been on sick leave since January, and Colonel Pavlenkov, who replaced him, also fell ill.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

General Belyaev replaces Colonel Pavlenkov with Colonel Mikhailichenko, in addition, he is going to replace General Khabalov, as “who showed confusion”, with General Zankevich.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Spiridovich A. AND. ,


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Only now, thanks to military riots, Belyaev realized that something serious was happening, went to the city government, where Khabalov's headquarters was like.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

There was hustle and bustle and confusion.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The commander of all reserve battalions, Colonel Pavlenkov, appeared sick.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He was to be replaced by Colonel Mikhailichenko of the Moscow Regiment.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Belyaev for the first time saw firsthand that there was no chief who would actually command the troops.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Only now the Minister of War saw that General Chebykin, who went on vacation, was not replaced by the corresponding senior chief!


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Within a few days, the rebellion spreads to almost the entire Petrograd garrison.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A crowd of soldiers and workers besiege, with an expression of support, the State Duma of the fourth convocation, which continued to meet, despite the fact that on February 26, the emperor declared it dissolved.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Right-monarchical deputy Shulgin V. V. ironically notes that revolutionary soldiers stole all silver spoons from the buffet of the Tauride Palace: “This was the beginning: this is how the revolutionary people marked the dawn of their liberation... That's what I wanted. For I felt that only the language of machine guns was available to this street crowd and that only he, lead, could drive back into his den a terrible beast that had escaped to freedom... Alas, this beast was — his Majesty the Russian people”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

An attempt to suppress the February 27 uprising by the forces of Colonel Kutepov A. P. consisting of up to 1 thousand people.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

fails with 15 machine guns; according to Spiridovich A. I., Kutepov's detachment “resolved” among a huge crowd of revolutionary soldiers and workers.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Colonel Kutepov himself told General Khabalov that he was blocked on Kirochnaya and Spasskaya streets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The remnants of forces loyal to the king numbering up to 2 thousand people.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

group in the Admiralty, from where they are subsequently forced to retreat under the threat of artillery shelling of the Peter and Paul Fortress.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A mass beating of police officers begins, army officers partially join the revolution, and some run away.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to an eyewitness to the events, State Duma Chairman Rodzianko M. V., “Unexpectedly for all of us, such a soldier's riot broke out, which I have never seen before and who, of course, are not soldiers, but simply men taken from the plough and who found all their peasant demands it is useful to say now. You could only hear in the crowd: “Earth and Will”, “Down with the Dynasty”, “Down with the Romanovs”, “Down with Officers”, and the beating of officers began in many parts. Workers joined this, and anarchy has reached its climax.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since February 27, the participation of radical parties in the events begins to be noted: the Bolsheviks, anarchists and the radical social democratic faction of inter-district residents.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, the leader of inter-district residents Trotsky L. D. was in exile at that time, and instead of him, the actual head of the faction was Yurenev K. K..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Those who rebelled on the model of the revolution of 1905 form the Petrograd Council of Workers and Soldiers Deputies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

For the first time, such an idea is put forward on February 25 by the Menshevik “defender” (supporter of the continuation of the war) Cherevanin F. A., however, all participants of the meeting were arrested by the police.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Council subsequently issues Order No. 1. The majority in the first composition of the Petrosoviet belongs to the Social Revolutionaries and Mensheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since February 27, the uprising begins to spread to the suburbs of Petrograd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 27, the First Machine-Gun Reserve Regiment in Oranienbaum rebelled, and, having killed 12 of its officers, moved to Petrograd through Martyshkino, Peterhof and Strelna, attaching a number of parts on the way: a battery heavy artillery, warrant officers school, etc. [42] On February 28, the uprising of a part of the Tsarskoye Selo garrison begins.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On March 1, according to a number of testimonies, Nicholas II's cousin, Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, goes over to the side of the revolution, who led the Guards crew to the State Duma with a red bow on his chest.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Richard Pipes reports that even a gendarme company came to the State Duma, marching with red flags to the sound of Marseillaise, and points out that


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The sharp change in the mood of part of the most illiberal stratum of Petrograd society — right-wing officers, gendarmes, police officers, who were the pillar of the monarchy just a few days ago, can be explained only one thing: fear.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Shulgin, who was revolving in the thick of things, was firmly convinced that the officers, in particular, were paralyzed by fear and sought protection from the Duma from rebellious soldiers.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The State Duma itself finds itself in a difficult situation since the beginning of events; many Duma leaders, including its chairman Rodzianko M. V. are caught by surprise by the revolution, and, at first, fear an alleged “punitive expedition” of troops loyal to the tsar to the capital.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the other hand, the Tauride Palace is besieged by a revolutionary crowd that came to the Duma as the center of the opposition.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As a result, the Duma decides, formally obeying the tsarist decree on its own dissolution, to meet only “in private meetings”, and to form a Provisional Committee from February 27 “to establish order in the capital and for relations with public organizations and institutions.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Also on March 1, the Kronstadt naval base rebelled, on March 3, the naval base in Helsingfors, and the mass extermination of naval officers began.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The commander of the Baltic Fleet, Admiral Nepenin A. I., Military Governor of Kronstadt Admiral Viren R. N. and its chief of staff, Admiral Butakov A. G..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A number of researchers indicate that the lion's share of the dead were officers killed “for espionage” only because of the German sound of their names.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On March 2, Nicholas II abdicates in favor of his younger brother, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The abdication takes place under pressure from the generals, primarily the Chief of Staff of the Headquarters, General Alekseev, and the front commanders, who unanimously agreed to Alekseev's telegrams about the desirability abdications.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Trotsky L. D. subsequently maliciously comments on their actions as follows: “the generals respectfully put seven revolving barrels to the temples of the beloved monarch.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The actions of the highest generals later become the reason for accusing a number of tsarist generals of the “Masonic conspiracy” of the so-called “Grand Lodge”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In any case, if such a conspiracy really existed (which is still a controversial issue), the motives of the alleged conspirators are obvious — saving the monarchy by replacing the emperor a model of palace coups of the 18th century.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, on March 3, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich also renounces: representatives of the State Duma Rodzianko, Shulgin, and Kerensky tell him that they “do not guarantee security”, so if he accepts the throne one should be wary of lynching by the rebels.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

MP Milyukov, who was present at this conversation, objects to Mikhail Alexandrovich's refusal from power, Kerensky “begs” the Grand Duke “to make a sacrifice for the sake of Russia”, and says that “now there is a sharp the discontent is directed specifically against the monarchy... this question will be the cause of the bloody discord.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After a frank conversation between the Grand Duke and the Chairman of the State Duma Rodzianko M. V. in private Rodzianko directly states that the State Duma cannot guarantee Mikhail Alexandrovich's security, and the Grand Duke refers the issue of the state structure of Russia to the consideration of the future of the Constituent Assembly.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Figures of the February Revolution (gallery)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

General Alekseev M. V., at the beginning of 1917 he was Chief of Staff of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He played a significant role during the February Revolution, sending telegrams to the commanders of the fronts and fleets asking about the desirability of abdication.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

These telegrams greatly influenced Nicholas II, convincing him to decide to abdicate.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since April 1, 1917 he was Supreme Commander-in-Chief.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He reacted negatively to Order No. 1 and soldiers' committees, unsuccessfully tried to stop the process of “democratization of the army”, in connection with which the Provisional Government replaces it with a more compliant general Brusilova A. A. After the Bolsheviks came to power, he left for the Don, where he continued the formation of the Alekseevskaya Organization, which in January 1918 became the core of the White Guard Volunteer Army.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

General Alekseev himself died on October 8, 1918.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The leader of the liberal centrist party “Octobrists” chamberlain Rodzianko M. V., at the beginning of 1917 he was Chairman of the State Duma.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A staunch supporter of the constitutional monarchy, he has repeatedly tried to persuade the tsar to introduce a “responsible ministry” in Russia.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since the beginning of the February Revolution, he heads the Provisional Committee of the State Duma, formed under the pretext of establishing order in the capital engulfed by revolutionary chaos.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, the events of 1917 are quickly getting out of his control, and since at least April 1917 Rodzianko has completely lost influence on what is happening.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the outbreak of the Civil War, he joined the White Movement.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Right-monarchical Duma deputy Shulgin V. IN. A direct witness to the abdication of Nicholas II from the throne.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to his political convictions, an anti-Semite and a supporter of a constitutional monarchy led by one of the Grand Dukes, Shulgin accepted the February Revolution extremely negatively.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As an eyewitness to a number of key events of 1917, he left valuable memories for the historian (“Years”, “Days”, “Three Capitals”).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Moderate Duma deputy, figure of the centrist Octobrist party Guchkov A. AND. A staunch supporter of the constitutional monarchy, Guchkov became one of the most famous Duma oppositionists and ardent opponents of Grigory Rasputin.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the end of 1916-early 1917, he tried to organize the removal of Nicholas II with his replacement with one of the grand dukes on the model of palace coups of the XVIII century.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A direct witness to the king's abdication.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After delivering the text of the abdication to Petrograd, he tried to proclaim toast in honor of “Tsar Mikhail”, and was almost torn to pieces by railway workers.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He unsuccessfully tried to fight the growing collapse of the army, and resigned in April 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

General of the tsarist gendarmerie Spiridovich A. AND. As a high-ranking employee of the Security Department, Spiridovich had the most detailed information about the events in the country before and during the February Revolution.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He left his first serious work on the history of the revolution, “The Great War and the February Revolution”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The leader of the White Movement on an all-Russian scale, the Supreme Ruler of Russia and the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, scientist and naval officer, Admiral Kolchak A. V.V. February 1917 — Commander of the Black Sea Fleet.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The only commander of the fronts and fleets who did not react to the telegrams of General Alekseev on the desirability of abdication.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Admiral Kolchak did not speak out either for abdication or against him.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the first months after the February Revolution, he retains control over the fleet, but by June he comes into conflict with the Sevastopol Council, resigns, and leaves for the United States, where he works as a military as a teacher.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the beginning of the active phase of the Civil War in the summer of 1918, he arrived in Omsk via Tokyo and Singapore, and in November 1918 he came to power in Russia as a result of election by the Council of Ministers to the post The Supreme Ruler.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As a sign of Kolchak's merits as a scientist, Kolchak Island near the coast of the Taimyr Peninsula was named after him in 1901.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Abolition of monarchical symbols


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As noted by researcher Shepelev L. E.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

in his fundamental work “Titles, Uniforms, Orders in the Russian Empire”, in March-April 1917, there was a massive rejection of monarchical symbols: on March 21, the dissolution of the tsarist military retinue with the destruction of “military court” (retinue) ranks [44], on April 16, the destruction of shoulder straps, imperial monograms and crowns [44].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Privileged Page Corps was renamed the Petrograd Cadet Corps, the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences by a decree of the Provisional Government of March 15 was renamed Russian Academy of Sciences.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Russian Imperial Life Guard joined the Russian Guard.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On March 4, General Alekseev M. A. renames His Imperial Majesty's Own Convoy — the Convoy of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By the summer of 1917, the Convoy began to cause more and more hostility among the soldiers of the army units, and disbanded.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition, on March 22, 1917, by order of the Minister of War, the patronage names of units that had chiefs of emperors or members of the imperial family who were alive at that time were abolished.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Subsequently, the patronage names of the deceased members of the imperial family were also abolished.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The word “imperial” (“imperial”) is also removed from the name of the Public Library (which became the “National Public Library”), the Petrograd Imperial Theological Academy, and many others.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Mass renaming affected not only institutions, but also the names of cities (for example, the city of Romanov-on-Murman on April 3, 1917 was renamed Murmansk, the city of Alekseevsk, named after the heir Tsarevich Alexei, renamed Svobodny), streets and warships (for example, the hospital ship Emperor Nicholas II was renamed Tovarishch [45]).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In March-April 1917, changes were introduced to state symbols: monarchical symbols were removed from the state emblem depicting a double-headed eagle: crowns, scepter, power, Order of St.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Andrew the First-Called, depiction of St.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

George the Victorious and the coats of arms of Russian regions.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The appeals “honor”, “high honor”, “excellency”, “excellency” that existed in the army are replaced by appeals with the rank of “Mr. Lieutenant”, “Mr. Colonel” [44].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By the fall of 1917, the Provisional Government began to think about the abolition of the Table of Ranks and the destruction of estates.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In August 1917, the Ministry of Justice was preparing a draft law “On the abolition of civil ranks, orders and other insignia” [44], but the final abolition takes place only after coming to Bolshevik authorities.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The beginning of the formation of “Soviet legality”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During the February Revolution, in parallel with the Provisional Government, Councils of Workers and Soldiers Deputies appeared (at the same time in villages - Councils of Peasant Deputies), created on the model of the Soviets that arose during the revolution of 1905.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During March 1917, up to 600 councils of various levels were formed in the country, headed by the Petrograd Council of Workers and Soldiers Deputies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By October 1917, the number of Soviets in the country reached 1,429, and regional associations of Soviets were being formed.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Soviets are dominated by socialists, at the beginning of 1917 - mainly Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the same time, the Provisional Government is dominated by cadets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The main difference between the Soviets of 1917 and the Soviets of 1905 was that soldiers were also represented in the new system.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The core of the Petrosoviet was the Menshevik Working Group, established in 1915 under the Central Military-Industrial Committee.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On January 27, 1917, the Working Group was arrested by the last tsarist Minister of Internal Affairs Protopopov on suspicion of organizing a revolution, which, according to Protopopov A. D., was supposed to happen on February 14, the opening day of the State Duma.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During the February Revolution, the Working Group was released by revolutionary soldiers on February 27.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the same day, the Petrosoviet and the Executive Committee of the Petrosoviet were formed consisting of 15 people headed by Menshevik Chkheidze N. S..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On February 28, the publication of the official body of the Petrosoviet, the Izvestia newspaper (Izvestіya of the Petrograd Council of Workers Deputies), began to be published.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On March 1, the Petrosoviet adopted Order No. 1, the main author of which is usually considered to be the Social Democrat Sokolov N. D., who hesitated between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On March 2, the order was published in Izvestia with a notification that it was intended only for soldiers of the Petrograd garrison.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, within a few days, the text of the order is distributed to all fronts and fleets, starting the process of decomposition of the army.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During March 3-5, the Provisional Government and the Petrosoviet unsuccessfully try to minimize the consequences.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In March 1917, the regime of “dual power” was formed: on the one hand, the power of the State Duma and the Provisional Government, on the other hand, the power of the Petrosoviet.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the army and navy, the Provisional Government relies on the traditional command, the Petrosoviet - on soldier and sailor committees.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The power of the State Duma on the ground relies on traditional zemstvo and city councils, the Petrosoviet on local Soviets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The real power of the Petrosoviet is actually concentrated in the hands of its Executive Committee, a non-elected body consisting of radical intelligentsia representing various socialist parties.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to the memoirs of labor worker Stankevich B.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

V., “issues had to be resolved under the pressure of an extraordinary mass of delegates and walkers both from the Petrograd garrison and from the fronts and from the depths of Russia, and all delegates sought at all began to be heard in the plenary session of the Committee, not content with individual members or commissions... Physical fatigue was universal. Unslept nights. Endless meetings. Lack of proper food — they ate bread and tea and only occasionally received a soldier's lunch in bowls, without forks and knives.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Richard Pipes describes the Petrosoviet as a “layered structure”: “from above is a body acting on behalf of the Council, consisting of socialist intellectuals, registered in the Executive Committee, from below — an uncontrollable rural gathering.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During March, the Executive Committee of the Petrosoviet forms a number of commissions parallel to the relevant ministries of the Provisional Government, and actually turns into a shadow government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Commissions on railways, mail and telegraph, food, finance have been formed, commissioners have been appointed to the headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and the headquarters of the front and fleet commanders.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The main mechanism of the “dual power” regime was the Contact Commission of the Executive Committee of the Petrosoviet, formed on March 8 (21), 1917 [46], and actually exercised control of the Soviets over the Provisional Government “in order to inform the Council of the intentions and actions of the Provisional Government, to inform the latter of the demands of the revolutionary people, to influence the government to meet these demands and continuously monitor their implementation.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Contact Commission included Chkheidze N. S., Skobelev M. I., Steklov Yu.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

M., Sukhanov N. N. and Fillippovsky V. N.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the spring of 1917, preparations began for the convening of the supreme authority of the Soviets, the non-permanent Congress of Soviets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During 1917, two such congresses gather, in their absence, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of 320 people is considered the supreme body.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the period between the February Revolution and the First Congress of Soviets, which formed the first composition of the CEC in the summer of 1917, the Executive Committee of the Petrosoviet was actually the supreme power.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By May 1917, up to 50,000 soldier and sailor committees of various levels were being formed, which consisted of up to 300,000 people.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A significant revolutionary force is becoming the Central Committee of the Baltic Fleet (Tsentrobalt) headed by Dybenko P. E.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the Russian industry, there is a spontaneous formation of factory committees that have put forward the slogan of labor control over production.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By June 1917, the Central Council of Factory Committees was formed, and by October 1917, such committees were formed in 50 main industrial centers.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the same time, the number of trade unions united around Trade Union Councils is growing dramatically.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the conditions of Russia with its centuries-old class traditions, the Soviets are divided into working and soldier sections, until 1918, the Congresses of Peasant Deputies are held separately from the Congresses of Workers and soldiers deputies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The norms of representation were not equal; for example, during the election of the first Petrosoviet in 1917, norms were adopted: one delegate from a thousand workers and one from a company of soldiers (that is, from about a hundred people).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the elections of the First Congress of Soviets of Peasant Deputies, the Organizing Committee for the Convening of the Congress established a norm: one delegate from 150 thousand peasants, at the same time at the I Congress of Soviets of Workers and The norm of soldiers' deputies was one delegate from 25 thousand people.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In fact, the representation was skewed, first of all, in favor of soldiers, and secondly in favor of workers.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The norms for the representation of workers of large (one delegate from a thousand workers) and small enterprises (one delegate from each enterprise) also differed, as a result, in the first composition of the Petrosoviet in 1917 workers in large factories, who accounted for 87% of all workers, sent as many delegates as workers in small factories [47].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In general, the system of Soviets in 1917 was characterized by significant chaos: in addition to the Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies and Councils of Peasant Deputies, Councils of Military Deputies could also exist on the ground , Councils of Sailors and Officers Deputies, Councils of Landless Peasants, Councils of Cossack Deputies, Councils of Workers' Chiefs, Councils of Deputies of the Labor Intelligentsia, etc. According to some sources, even unsuccessful attempts were made to organize the “Council of Nobility Deputies”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The norms of representation in local elections of councils at the volost level were also set chaotically: 3-10 deputies from the village were elected in the Rominsky volost, in Podbuzhskaya - 3 deputies from 1000 voters, in Budskaya — 1 from 200, in Yarovshchinskaya — 5 from the village, Puppovskaya — 1 deputy from 10 yards [48]; as you can see, not only the norms of representation, but even units of measurement were not unified in some in cases it was a yard, in others a certain number of residents, in others it was a village as a whole.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The norms of representation were unified only by the Bolshevik Constitution of 1918.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Despite the chaotic power of the Soviets, the common place was that the Soviets did not represent the possessed classes (“censorship elements”, “censorship bourgeoisie”), which formed the majority in the State Duma of the third convocation (see para. The electoral system of 1907).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

This resulted in a sharp predominance of representatives of socialists and anarchists in the Soviets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Conflict between the Council and the Provisional Government


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

For many years, the State Duma unsuccessfully sought from the Tsar the introduction of a “responsible ministry” (a government appointed by the Duma and responsible to the Duma), but with the advent of the Soviets, this slogan began to quickly turn into a political anachronism, which finally died out with the coming to power of the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The relationship between the Provisional Government and the Council could often look like a dictates of the Council: for example, Richard Pipes points out that


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The leaders of the Council did not hide the fact that the Provisional Government existed only with their favor.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the All-Russian Meeting of Workers and Soldiers Deputies on March 29, Tsereteli, the Menshevik Chairman of the Executive Committee, said that the Provisional Government exists thanks to an agreement concluded Petrograd Soviet with “bourgeois censorship elements of society”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Another member of the Executive Committee, worker V. B.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Stankevich, boasted that the Council could dissolve the Provisional Government in fifteen minutes, giving appropriate instructions by phone.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Monarchical Duma deputy Shulgin V. V. maliciously commented on the current situation with the words: “the old government is sitting in the Peter and Paul Fortress, and the new one is under house arrest.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The last Russian Empress Alexandra Fedorovna in a letter to her husband dated March 2, 1917 notes that “two currents — the Duma and revolutionaries — are two snakes that, I hope, will gnaw off each other heads - and so save the situation? I feel that God will do something!”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A peculiar situation is developing in Kronstadt: the Kronstadt Council, formed on March 4, during the February Revolution, declares itself the only government in the city on May 16, and demands removal Commissioner of the Provisional Government Pepelyaev V. N..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition, the Council continues to voluntarily hold a number of officers arrested by rebellious sailors during the February Revolution.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The peculiar establishment of Soviet power in Kronstadt in this way raises accusations of “separatism”, “separation from Russia”, and the creation of the “Kronstadt Republic”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Social Revolutionaries and Mensheviks in 1917 (gallery)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The founder and main ideologist of Menshevism Martov Yu.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

O.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the active figures of Menshevism in 1917, Dan F. AND..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the photo he is depicted in the uniform of a military doctor (mobilized into the tsarist army since 1915)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Chairman of the first composition of the Executive Committee of the Petrosoviet, Menshevik Chkheidze S.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Social Democrat Sukhanov N. N. in 1917 fluctuated between different factions, was closest to the Mensheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He is the author of the fundamental work “Notes on the Revolution” and an eyewitness to a number of key events of 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Ironically, the historic meeting of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) on October 10 (23), 1917, at which the decision on an armed uprising was made, took place at Sukhanov's apartment, albeit in his absence.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The main Social Revolutionaries ideologist Chernov V. M..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the summer of 1917, he was Minister of Agriculture of the Provisional Government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

From October 1917 to January 1918, the right-wing Social Revolutionaries unsuccessfully tried to promote him as Prime Minister.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kerensky in the image of Isaak Brodsky


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Chronology of the revolution from February to October 1917


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Figures and events of the revolution of 1917


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

October Revolution


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The composition of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b), which decided on the uprising


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Central Committee of the RSDLP (b), which decided on an armed uprising in October 1917, was elected at the VI Congress of the RSDLP (b), held from July 26 (August 8) to August 3 (18), 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The historic decision on the uprising was made at a meeting on October 10 (23) by vote, 10 votes to 2 (Kamenev and Zinoviev).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The decision was confirmed at an expanded meeting of the Central Committee on October 16 [57].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Several structures have been formed to lead the uprising: the Political Bureau (October 10), the Military Revolutionary Committee of the Petrosoviet (October 12), the Military Revolutionary Center (October 16) [58].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Unlike the Political Bureau and the Military Revolutionary Center, former institutions of the RSDLP (b), the Military Revolutionary Committee was an institution of the Petrosoviet, that is, a Soviet, and not a party body.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

It should also be noted that the Politburo, first organized on October 10 (23), 1917, at that time did not have the same power as this body received in the last decades of the existence of the USSR; The Politburo became a permanent body only since 1919.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Total: 31 people, 13 Great Russians (42%), Russians (Great Russians, Little Russians and Belarusians) 17 (55%), Jews 7 (22.5%), Latvians 2 (6%), Poles 2 (6%), Georgians 2 (6%), Armenians 1 (3%).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Average age: 36 years old.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The future fate:


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Killed during the Civil War: 3 (10%) Uritsky (shot by a Social Revolutionary terrorist), Shahumyan (shot among 26 Baku commissars), Japaridze (shot among 26 Baku commissars),


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

They died in the 1920s: 6 (19%) Sergeev (died in 1921 during tests of an air car), Dzerzhinsky, Lenin, Nogin, Sverdlov (died in 1919), Ioffe.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

They died during the “Yezhov”: 18 (58%) Berzin, Bubnov, Bukharin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Milyutin, Rykov, Smilga, Krestinsky, Sokolnikov, Trotsky (liquidated by an NKVD agent in Mexico in 1940), Kiselyov, Lomov (Oppokov), Obolensky (Osinsky), Preobrazhensky, Skripnik (committed suicide during the persecution campaign), Teodorovich, Yakovleva (sentenced to 20 years in 1937, died in 1944).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Survived the purge: 4 (13%) Kollontay, Muranov, Stalin, Stasova.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The national composition of the repressed: Russians 9 (50%), Jews 4 (22%), Latvians 2 (11%), Ukrainians 2 (11%), Poles 1 (6%).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Preparation for the uprising, formation of the VRK


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The roll of oscillating soldiers to the left, in addition to Bolshevik agitation, was also facilitated by the alleged transfer of especially decomposed units from Petrograd to the front.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 5, the head of the Provisional Government orders the Commissar of the Government on the Northern Front Voitynsky to transfer the most unreliable units from the capital, replacing them with front-line ones, on the same day corresponding order to the commander of the Petrograd Military District Polkovnikov.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, the commander of the Northern Front, General Cheremisov, spoke out against such an initiative, telling Voitynsky that “there are already enough such units at the front.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

This measure caused strong discontent in the garrison.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Many units, such as the Jaeger Regiment, the 2nd Baltic Fleet Crew, and many others, at their meetings adopt resolutions condemning the alleged withdrawal of troops.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The army soldiers' committees of the Northern Front expressed irritation with this position of the garrison, urging them to “fulfill their revolutionary duty”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At a meeting in Pskov on October 17, representatives of front-line soldiers said with indignation that the garrison soldiers “live comfortably in the rear”, in response to which representatives of the Petrograd garrison objected that they “suffered significant sacrifices in the name of the revolution”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 12, 1917, the Bolshevik Petrosoviet, at the request of Trotsky, formed the Military Revolutionary Committee, which began active preparations for an armed uprising.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Social Revolutionaries Menshevik minority of the Petrosoviet protests against the creation of the VRK as a body parallel to the headquarters of the Petrograd Military District; they characterize the VRK as an organ of “military dual power”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

To divert his eyes [60], the chairman of the VRK was appointed a secondary figure of the revolution, the left Social Revolutionaries Lazimir P. E.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In reality, the main leaders of the VRK were actually Trotsky, Podvoisky and Antonov-Ovseenko.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Trotsky, the uprising was timed to coincide with the Second Congress of Soviets, which was supposed to face the fact of the destruction of the system of “dual power”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 16, by order of Trotsky, Chairman of the Petrosoviet, 5,000 rifles were issued to the Red Guard


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The creation of the VRK takes place against the background of the German offensive on the Baltic Sea


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On August 20, the Germans occupied Riga.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 3, an order was issued to evacuate Revel (Tallinn).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By October 8, Germany had captured the strategically important islands of Ezel and Moon at the entrance to the Gulf of Riga, as well as Dago Island at the entrance to the Gulf of Finland, which posed a serious threat of an attack on Petrograd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

General Dukhonin, Chief of Staff of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, said that “with the loss of these islands, which were for us in the full sense of the word the keys to the Baltic, we are actually returning to an era Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, our sea routes are under German control.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kerensky accuses the Baltic sailors of cowardice.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The plans of the Provisional Government to evacuate (“unload”) Petrograd cause protests of the Socialists, who accused Kerensky of intending to “surrender red Petrograd to the Germans”, leaving the “capital of the revolution” .


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Rodzianko's ambiguous statement, although he had lost all influence by that time, adds fuel to the fire, that “They fear that central institutions will die in Petrograd. I objected to this that I would be very happy if all these institutions died, because, except evil, they gave Russia nothing but evil.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In such conditions, the Bolsheviks begin to create a VRK under the pretext of organizing the defense of the city


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Antonov-Ovseenko calls the VRK “a good cover for the combat work of the party”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Bolsheviks took into account the July experience: instead of an “armed demonstration” of a poorly controlled crowd, the tactics of the uprising are well-organized strikes on strategic points of the city: bridges across the Neva, telephone exchanges, printing houses, etc.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Before the uprising, Kamenev and Zinoviev oppose him, fearing a repeat of the July defeat, to which Lenin objected: “It is pointless to wait until the Constituent Assembly, which will clearly not be with us, because this means making our task more difficult.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Kamenev and Zinoviev themselves, the Bolsheviks were going to win about a third of the seats in the elections to the Constituent Assembly.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

For the first time, Zinoviev opposes the uprising back in August in his work “What Not to Do”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The conflict goes beyond the Central Committee: Kamenev and Zinoviev send a closed letter to party organizations in which they oppose the uprising.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Enraged Lenin raises with the Central Committee the question of excluding Kamenev and Zinoviev from the party, as publicizing the preparations for the uprising, and called them “strikebreakers.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Central Committee refuses to satisfy this requirement, limiting itself to demanding not to make statements against the party's line.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At this time, the uprising had actually begun.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Subsequently, in his “testament”, Lenin states that “the October episode of Zinoviev and Kamenev, of course, was not an accident.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In general, the Bolshevik leaders on the issue of the uprising are divided into three main groups: the “right” (Zinoviev and Kamenev) insisted on abandoning the uprising, Lenin demanded to start the uprising immediately,” moderates” led by Trotsky proposed to postpone the uprising, timed to coincide with the opening of the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the same time, the preparation of the Bolsheviks for the uprising becomes obvious to the Provisional Government at least from October 12-16, with the formation of the VRK.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Rumors begin to leak from the historic meeting of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) on October 10, at which a decision was made to revolt; ironically, the meeting took place at the apartment of Sukhanov N. N., although in his absence.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Sukhanov himself assesses that the preparation of the Bolsheviks for the uprising became obvious after the demarche on October 7, when the Bolshevik faction of the Pre-Parliament led by Trotsky L. D. defiantly left the meeting room.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Menshevik Dan assessed this step as an “open call for rebellion”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 18, Trotsky had to answer directly at a meeting of the Petrosoviet to the question whether the Bolsheviks were preparing an armed uprising.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

This answer looked ambiguous: “We are not hiding anything. I say on behalf of the Council: we did not schedule any armed speeches... If the Council were forced to make a statement along the way, workers and soldiers, as one person, would speak on it I call... we must constantly expect an attack from the counter-revolution. But at the first attempt on its part to disrupt the Congress of Soviets, at the first attempt to attack, we will respond with a counteroffensive that will be ruthless and which we will complete.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Strictly speaking, this answer was not a lie: the Petrosoviet, as Trotsky said, really did not appoint any speeches, they were appointed by the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to researcher Yuri Yemelyanov, Trotsky's ambiguous statement in the Petrosoviet was fully supported by Lenin, who, in his letter addressed to the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b), said: “... is it really difficult understand that Trotsky could not, had no right, should not speak to enemies more than he said.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 18, Maxim Gorky published his article, saying that “rumors about the speech of the Bolsheviks are spreading more and more persistently.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 20, the Minister of Justice issues an arrest order for Lenin, who by that time had already arrived in Petrograd, which forces him to continue hiding in a safe house.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 21, the cadet newspaper Rech states that “if the Bolsheviks dare to speak, they will be crushed immediately and easily” [61].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 21-22, the Bolsheviks hold a number of rallies in Petrograd in order to persuade the hesitant to their side.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kamenev also joins the speeches, ignoring the ban of the Central Committee to speak.