Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

1999 9th place in the category “Best Science Fiction Writer of All Time”;


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Filmography


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

YearTitleOriginalRole1984DunedunesScreenwriter 2000DunedunesScreenwriter 2003Children of DuneScreenwriter 2012-Frank Herbert's Cease Firescreenwriter


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Notes


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

References


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Category:American science fiction writers


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Category: Hugo Award winners


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Category: Nebula Award winners


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Category:Prose writers in English


Question: What year was Frank Herbert born?

Frank Herbert

Category: Deaths from pulmonary embolism


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

NATO, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, North Atlantic Alliance (English: North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO; French: Organization du traité de l'Atlantic Nord, OTAN) a political bloc that unites most European countries, the United States and Canada.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

It was founded on April 4, 1949 in the United States, with the aim of protecting Europe from Soviet influence [~ 1] [~ 2] [~ 3] [~ 4] [~ 5].


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

At that time, 12 countries became NATO member states: the United States, Canada, Iceland, Great Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark, Italy and Portugal.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

It is a “transatlantic forum” for Allied countries to consult on any issues affecting the vital interests of its members, including events that could jeopardize their safety.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

One of NATO's declared goals is to deter or protect against any form of aggression against the territory of any NATO member state.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Currently, 29 countries are members of NATO.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Together, military spending by all NATO members accounts for more than 70 percent of the global total [1].


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

History


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

According to Anders Fogh Rasmussen, NATO Secretary General (2009—2014), the organization was created to protect Europe from Soviet invasion [2]:


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

NATO was created in a dangerous world.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

While the shadow of the USSR was gathering over Europe, 12 countries on both sides of the Atlantic united to protect their security and core values: freedom, democracy, human rights and the rule of law.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In March 1948, the Brussels Pact was concluded between Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Great Britain, which later formed the basis of the Western European Union (WEU).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

It is considered to be the beginning of the formation of the North Atlantic Alliance


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

At the same time, secret negotiations were held between the United States, Canada and Great Britain on the creation of an alliance based on their civilizational unity.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Negotiations between European countries and the United States and Canada on the creation of a single union soon followed.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

All these negotiations ended with the signing on April 4, 1949 by representatives of twelve countries (Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Canada, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, USA, France) of the North Atlantic Treaty.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

The treaty created a system of collective security.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

All parties undertook to collectively protect any party to the treaty that would be attacked.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

The agreement between the countries finally entered into force on August 24, 1949 after its ratification.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In fact, since its foundation, NATO has been focused on countering the USSR and, later, also the member countries of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact, concluded in 1955.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Greece and Turkey joined NATO in 1952 (“First NATO Expansion”).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

West Germany became a member of NATO in 1955 (the “Second NATO Expansion”).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In 1954, the USSR applied for NATO membership, which was rejected [3] [4].


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In 1966, in addition to NATO's supreme body, the NATO Council, the Military Planning Committee was established, consisting of defense ministers of the bloc member countries, and meets twice a year.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In 1966, France withdrew from the military organization NATO, remaining a member of the political structure.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Despite this, France took an active part in the NATO military operation against Yugoslavia in 1999.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In 2009, it returned to all NATO structures.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Greece withdrew in 1974, and re-joined NATO in 1981.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In 1982, Spain joined NATO (the “Third Enlargement of NATO”).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

With the unification of Germany, the territory of the alliance included the territory of the former GDR (now part of Germany).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

After the end of the Cold War, Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999 (the “Fourth NATO Enlargement”), in 2004 - Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Estonia (“Fifth NATO expansion”).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Croatia and Albania joined NATO in 2009 (the “Sixth NATO Enlargement”).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

[6] Montenegro joined NATO in 2017 (the “Seventh NATO Expansion”) [7].


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Until the end of the Cold War, NATO forces did not officially participate in any military operation.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, NATO troops took part in the following conflicts:


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

in the war against Iraq in Kuwait and in Iraq in 1991. (under the auspices of the UN);


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

wars on the territory of the former Yugoslavia —


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995-2004),


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Yugoslavia (1999)


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Macedonia (2001—2003);


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

in Afghanistan (2001-present) )


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

in Iraq (2003—2011),


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

during the peacekeeping operation in Sudan (2005—2011).


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

On January 4, 2018, the organization approved as its official anthem a musical composition for 20 instruments by the conductor of the Luxembourg Military Orchestra, Captain Andre Reichling [9].


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

On March 10, 2018, Ukraine received the status of a graduate student country, as well as Macedonia, Georgia and Bosnia and Herzegovina [10].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Goals


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In accordance with the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949, NATO aims to “strengthen stability and improve prosperity in the North Atlantic region”.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

“The participating countries have combined their efforts to create collective defense and preserve peace and security” [11].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In general, the bloc was created to “repel the Soviet threat” [~ 1].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

According to First Secretary General Ismay Hastings, the goal of creating NATO is “... to keep the Russians aside, the Americans inside, and the Germans under” [12] [13].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO's 2010 Strategic Concept “Active Participation, Modern Defense” presents NATO's three most important tasks — collective defense, crisis management and security based on cooperation [14].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

It is believed that by mid-2015, NATO is returning to its fundamental task in a modified form: instead of aggression by the USSR, an unexpected attack is considered as the main threat of the Russian Federation [15].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

At the NATO summit in July 2016, Russia was recognized as the main security threat to NATO, and its containment was officially declared a new NATO mission [16] [17].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Authorities


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The North Atlantic Council (NAC) is the main political decision-making body in NATO and the only committee created by the founding treaty.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

By virtue of article 9, it is empowered to establish “subsidiary bodies as may be necessary” for the implementation of the Treaty.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Over the years, the SAS has established a network of committees to facilitate the work of the Alliance and address all issues on the agenda.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO's main committees include the Nuclear Planning Group (NSG) and the Military Committee.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Defense Planning Committee, which was also one of the most important decision-making bodies in NATO, was disbanded during the committee reform in June 2010, and its functions were transferred to Defense Policy and Planning Committee.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In addition to the SAS, NSG and the Military Committee, there are a number of committees directly reporting to the North Atlantic Council:


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Committee of Deputies


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Policy and Partnerships Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Nonproliferation Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Consultation, Command and Control Board


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Operations Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

High-level Task Force on Conventional Arms Control


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Verification Coordination Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

National Arms Directors Conference


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Standardization Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Logistic Support Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Policy and Resource Planning Board


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Air Defense Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Air Traffic Management Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Civil Emergency Planning Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Public Diplomacy Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

North Atlantic Council Operations and Exercises Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Safety Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Civil Intelligence Committee


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Archive Committee [18]


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The NATO Parliamentary Assembly acts as a platform for discussion of security issues by lawmakers in NATO member countries.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

armed forces


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 2007, there were more than 5 million troops in the armed forces of NATO countries, of which about 3 million 200 thousand in Europe [20]


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

As of 2010, the armed forces of NATO countries had about 3.8 million troops.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The NATO armed forces are divided into:


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

the joint armed forces (hereinafter referred to as the OVS) transferred to the bloc's disposal;


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

armed forces that remain under national subordination.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Armed Forces include associations, formations and units of the US Army and Air Force (see also the article European Command of the US Armed Forces), Great Britain, Canada, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy and Turkey, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic, as well as the Norwegian and Danish Air Forces.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In wartime and during exercises, the naval forces of these countries, as well as the bulk of the troops of Norway, Denmark, Portugal and Luxembourg, are transferred to the Armed Forces.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The armed forces of France and Greece, which withdrew from the NATO military organization, periodically participate in joint exercises of the NATO Armed Forces in Europe, coordinate the air defense actions of their country with the NATO joint air defense forces .


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 2002, NATO began a large-scale reform of its military structure.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In the process of this reform, the total number of NATO headquarters has been reduced from 20 to 11 [20].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Regional Commands


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Within the framework of the Allied Command in Europe, there are two regional commands:


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Nordic Allied Forces include Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland and the United Kingdom.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The company is headquartered in St. Brunssum, the Netherlands (Northern Army Group until 1993);


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The allied forces of Southern Europe are Hungary, Greece, Italy, Spain and Turkey.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Headquartered in St. Naples, Italy.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The High Command in the Atlantic consists of five headquarters:


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

East Atlantic Ocean,


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Western Atlantic,


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

South Atlantic Ocean,


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Strike fleet,


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Submarine Allied Command.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO's official languages are English and French.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The NATO Council is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Supreme Command of the NATO Armed Forces in Europe is located in Mons (Belgium).


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Rapid Reaction Force


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The NATO Response Force is designed to provide operational support to NATO operations.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The concept of this force was approved by the Declaration of the NATO Heads of State Meeting in Prague on 22 November 2002 and approved by the Defence Ministers of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in June 2003; their first headquarters (NRF-1) was established in October 2003 in Italy.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In accordance with the principle of rotation, the NRF-2 headquarters in Portugal was established in 2004 [22].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On September 5, 2014, at a meeting of NATO leaders in Newport, it was decided to create an English: Very High Readiness Joint Task Force, VJTF).


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

These forces of about 4,000 people [23] are designed to react quickly in the event of an attack by Russia on any of the NATO countries [24] [25].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The main base and command center of the force are planned to be located in the UK.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The planned period for the transfer and deployment of units in countries bordering Russia (Poland, the Baltic States) does not exceed 48 hours [23].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Finances


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

According to an unofficial policy, members of the Union should spend at least 2% of GDP on defense [26].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

However, of the 25 European members of the alliance, only Britain, Greece and Estonia comply with this requirement.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 2013, the average indicator of military spending among the European members of the Union amounted to 1.4%.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The decline in military spending of European countries occurred as a result of cuts in military budgets due to the financial crisis in Europe.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The exception is the United States, where defense spending in 2013 amounted to 4.4% of GDP.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

From 1995 to 2013, the US share in NATO spending increased from 59% to 72% [26].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Armament costs


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In April 2014, NATO Secretary General A. F. Rasmussen called on European NATO members to increase defense spending in response to the aggravation of Russian-Ukrainian relations [2] [26]:


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

No one in NATO wants the Cold War to return, but we see that the Kremlin is trying to turn back time and divide Europe into spheres of influence.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

We must defend our values <... > and the system of international rules <... >.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

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Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Information security


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO has structures (“centers”) whose purpose is analysis and information security.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

There are 20 such centers in the alliance countries, three of them are located in the Baltic States: Estonia deals with cybersecurity, Lithuania — energy security, Latvia — strategic communication [27].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Strategic Communication Center in Latvia


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

It is located in Riga.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The mission of the center is to conduct research and develop recommendations in several areas: information and psychological operations, public relations, propaganda.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

One of the priority areas of the center's work was possible ways to counter Russian Internet trolls [27].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Members


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Partners


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Possible members


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Members of the Membership Action Plan


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Accelerated Dialogue participants


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Republic of Cyprus, with the coming to power of Nicos Anastasiades, plans to join NATO.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Individual Affiliate Plan Members


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Partnership for Peace


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO has signed a cooperation agreement with a number of European countries.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The program of interaction with these countries is called Partnership for Peace.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Among the participants of the program: Austria, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Russia, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

relationships


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Iceland


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

During the Cold War, the issue of Iceland's membership in the organization was raised several times, starting with the protests of 1949.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In the early 1970s. The Soviet Union intensified attempts to achieve the country's withdrawal from NATO and its neutral non-aligned status, as it was a strategically important stronghold and transit hub for fleets and US and British aviation in the North Atlantic, where, in addition to parking ships and reloading various military equipment, ships could be repaired, stationary and refueled strategic aircraft and many other transport and logistics operations.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In addition, there are reconnaissance and tracking stations for the actions of the submarine forces of the Soviet fleet in the Atlantic.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The argument for the continuation of the stay of several thousand troops of the American contingent on the island was very simple, according to the leadership of the alliance, if the American troops leave Iceland, then the Soviet leadership will be tempted to occupy it (according to their information, the USSR Navy had large marine corps forces to conduct such operations).


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The fears of the NATO leadership intensified after the trade agreement was signed between the USSR and Iceland and after the Icelandic government began to make claims to Great Britain delineation of fishing zones.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 1973, during the December NATO summit in Brussels, the defense ministers of the member countries of the alliance signed a joint memorandum on the inadmissibility of Iceland's withdrawal from NATO and ensuring enforcement of this decision in the event of disagreements or emergency situations [35].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The severity of the situation was expressed in the termination of air communication with the island by the largest air carrier.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The U.S. Civil Aviation Council consistently granted Pan American World Airways requests in 1971 and 1973 to suspend civil flights between Reykjavik and Helsinki first from October 15, 1972 to May 17, 1973 [36], and then on the temporary suspension of flights with Iceland from October 1973 to May 1974 [37].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

USSR, Russia


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The USSR perceived the creation of the bloc in 1949 as a threat to its own security.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 1954, in Berlin, at a meeting of the foreign ministers of the United States, Great Britain, France and the USSR, Soviet representatives assured that NATO is a purely defensive organization.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In response to calls for cooperation, the USSR sent a note on March 31, 1954 proposing to consider “together with interested governments the issue of the participation of the USSR in the North Atlantic Treaty” but this initiative was rejected in a note in response by stating that the organization was “more than military” and that such a proposal “contradicts the very principles on which the defense system and security of Western states”.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In response, the Soviet Union formed a military bloc in 1955 from states that pursued a pro-Soviet policy — the Warsaw Pact [39].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

After the collapse of the Warsaw Pact Organization and the USSR, the NATO bloc (created, according to official documents, to repel the Soviet threat) did not cease to exist and began to expand east [40] [~ 6] [41].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On June 7, 2007, the President of Russia signed Federal Law No. 99 “On Ratification of the Agreement between the States Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty and Other States Participating in the Program Partnership for Peace, on the Status of Forces of 19 June 1995 and its Additional Protocol” [42].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In January 2008, Dmitry Rogozin took up his duties as Head of the Permanent Mission of Russia to NATO.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On September 23, 2008, Russia protested against the signing on this day of the “declaration on cooperation between the secretariats of NATO and the UN”.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The declaration was signed by Jaap de Hoop Scheffer and Ban Ki-moon [43].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On March 5, 2009, NATO foreign ministers announced the resumption of relations with Russia, which had been terminated after the August crisis in the Caucasus.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In July 2009, US Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs Philip Gordon said that the United States was ready to consider Russia's accession to NATO on certain conditions [45].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Earlier, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev noted that Russia's accession to NATO is not yet possible, but “we want normal relations with the North Atlantic Alliance. We are ready to develop partnerships with the Alliance” [46].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Russia is cooperating with NATO on the issue of a military operation in Afghanistan.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Russian side has concluded agreements with the United States and Germany on the transit through its territory of military cargo for troops participating in the International Security Assistance Force [47] [48].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In October 2009, Dmitry Shugaev, Deputy Director of the State Corporation Russian Technologies, said that Russia could provide NATO forces in Afghanistan with helicopters on commercial terms [49].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

According to Nikolai Makarov, former Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, the long-term interests of Russia and NATO in Afghanistan coincide, and Russia is interested in successful actions multinational grouping [50].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On April 1, 2014, NATO foreign ministers stopped military cooperation with Russia due to the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation, but NATO continues to cooperate in the Russia-NATO Council diplomatic level of ambassadors [51].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Belorussia


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Belarus has been participating in the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council since 1992 (the North Atlantic Cooperation Council in 1997), and in the Partnership for Peace program since 1995.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Belarus to NATO was established in 1998.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In the spring of 1999, Belarus condemned the invasion of NATO troops in Yugoslavia and suspended cooperation, but later it was restored.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In autumn 2001, Belarus provided some assistance to NATO in the preparation of an operation in Afghanistan.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Kazakhstan


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Since 2003, international peacekeeping exercises have been regularly held on the territory of Kazakhstan [52].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

They are attended by military contingents of NATO member countries and CIS countries (without Russia) [52].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In Kazakhstan, according to NATO standards, a contingent of the Kazbat peacekeeping battalion is being trained [52].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Ukraine


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The relationship between Ukraine and NATO was officially established in 1992, when Ukraine, after gaining independence, joined the North Atlantic Cooperation Council, later renamed Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council [53].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

A few years later, in 1994, Ukraine joined the Partnership for Peace program (the first among the CIS countries) and soon demonstrated its readiness to participate in the Euro-Atlantic by supporting NATO operations in the Balkans in the 1990s [53].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 1997, relations between Ukraine and NATO moved to a qualitatively new level — the Charter on a Special Partnership between NATO and Ukraine was signed, the first Information and Information Center in Eastern Europe was opened in Kiev NATO documentation [53] [54].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

With the adoption of the NATO-Ukraine Action Plan in November 2002 [53], relations were further strengthened, and within the framework of this plan, annual Ukraine-NATO Target Plans began to be developed.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On April 21, 2005, in Vilnius, within the framework of an informal meeting of foreign ministers of NATO countries, a meeting of the Ukraine-NATO Commission was held, which opened a new stage in Ukraine's relations with the Alliance — an “intensive dialogue” which was intended to be the first step towards Ukraine's accession to NATO.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On August 11, 2006, the press service of the new Ukrainian government, headed by Viktor Yanukovych, reported that Ukraine was postponing the adoption of the “action plan for NATO membership”.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On September 14, Viktor Yanukovych paid a working visit to Brussels, where he made a policy statement about Ukraine's unreadiness to join NATO.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

According to him, the new Ukrainian government “intends to expand cooperation with NATO”, without assuming any obligations within the framework of the implementation of the so-called “NATO Membership Action Plan” (MAP).


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On August 21, 2009, the Declaration on Addition to the Charter on Special Partnership [55] [56] was signed at NATO Headquarters.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

With the coming to power in Ukraine in February 2010 of Viktor Yanukovych, the issue of Ukraine's accession to NATO was frozen.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In April 2010, Yanukovych signed decrees by which he liquidated the interdepartmental commission on Ukraine's preparation for accession to NATO and the national center for Euro-Atlantic integration, stating, however, that Ukraine's relations with NATO would be maintained at the level reached under President Viktor Yushchenko.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

[57] [58].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On February 22, 2013, Ukraine officially joined NATO's anti-piracy operation “Ocean Shield”.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

As of 2013, Ukraine is the only partner state of the alliance that takes part in all its operations [59]


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

According to the new version of the Military Doctrine of Ukraine, adopted under President Petro Poroshenko and published on September 24, 2015 on the official website of the President of Ukraine, Ukraine considers it a priority the task is to deepen cooperation with NATO and achieve full compatibility of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with the relevant forces of NATO member countries by 2020.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

By abandoning its non-aligned status, Ukraine intends to change approaches to ensuring national security, giving priority to “participation in the improvement and development of the Euro-Atlantic and European collective security systems” [60].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In February 2018, Ukrainian Defense Minister Stepan Poltorak announced that Ukraine had fulfilled 90% of the plan to adapt the Armed Forces of Ukraine to NATO standards, and by 2020 it is expected to complete the reform [61].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On March 10, 2018, she became a candidate to join the alliance [62].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Georgia


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On August 20, 2008, Belgian Foreign Minister Karel de Gucht, regarding further cooperation between NATO and Georgia, said that accepting NATO membership “a country that sometimes manifests itself in a not very good way controlled actions, this is risky in itself.”


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In December 2008, at a meeting of the NATO Council, it was not decided to provide Georgia with an Action Plan for membership in the Alliance.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In August 2009, Laurinas Kasciunas, head of the Center for Eastern Geopolitics Studies, said: “Although after the conflict in South Ossetia at one time it seemed that Georgia's membership in NATO could be accelerated, but in the end, the conflict removed this prospect. NATO membership is now a very distant scenario.”


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 2012, NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen, while in Tbilisi, said that Georgia was closer to the alliance than ever [66].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Persian Gulf countries


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On December 11, 2014, the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf concluded an agreement with NATO on joint actions to ensure the security of energy supplies to world markets [67].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Participation in military conflicts


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The first use of military force in NATO history took place in 1994 in Bosnia [68].


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Afghanistan


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Since 2001, the International Security Assistance Force, an international military contingent under the auspices of the United Nations, has been operating on the territory of Afghanistan with UN Security Council Resolution No. 1386 of December 20, 2001 NATO.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

It consists of five regional commands, each of which reports several provincial offices (Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT).


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Each group consists of military units, police (advisers to the Afghan police) and civilian personnel from various government agencies of the participating countries.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Yugoslavia


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO played a significant role in the Yugoslav wars.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

The first NATO aircraft began monitoring navigation in the Adriatic Sea for compliance with the embargo against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia back in 1992.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On April 12, 1993, military aircraft of the United States, the Netherlands and France began patrolling the airspace of the former Yugoslavia for the first time.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

On 28 February 1994, United States Air Force fighters shot down four Republika Srpska air force attack aircraft over Banja Luka while they were flying combat against Bosnian Muslim positions in violation of the Council resolution UN Security 816.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

In 1999, as a result of the intervention of NATO forces in the Kosovo War, Kosovo actually withdrew from Yugoslavia.


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Libya


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

See also


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO TV+ Channel (Available to users on the Alliance website. For users and TV companies wishing to rebroadcast NATO TV, it is possible to download the channel's videos from the website.)


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO headquarters


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Antinato


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Non-Aligned Movement


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

A major ally outside NATO


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

NATO operations


Question: How many countries are members of NATO?

NATO

Warsaw Pact Organisation


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

UN


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

OSCE


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

NATO Naval Rank Codes


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

STANAG (NATO ammunition standardization)


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NATO

NATO enlargement


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

List of NATO member countries


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NATO

European Union Armed Forces


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NATO

SATO


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

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Notes


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

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comments


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Sources


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Literature


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

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Scientific


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

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in Russian


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

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The Armed Forces of Foreign States: Information and Analytical Collection.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

— MOSCOW, 2009.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Yermakov S. M. Transformation of NATO after the Lisbon Summit 2010: from the defense of the territory to the protection of the common heritage//Problems of the national strategy.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

— 2011.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

— No. 4.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Kirillov V. IN. Russia and NATO: geostrategic realities. Voennaya Mysl.


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— 2007.


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NATO

— No. 9.


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in other languages


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Publicism


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

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D. Ganser.


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A. Khramchikhin.


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IN. Kozin.


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A. Wrestlers.


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V.Tolkachev.


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

References


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Official resources


Question: How many countries are NATO members?

NATO

Category:Organizations established in 1949


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

The list of kings of Norway traditionally begins with Harald I Fairhair, although he ruled only in part of western Norway.


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Kingdom of Norway


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

The Ingling Dynasty (1st Period)


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReignImagesHarald I FairhairAbout 872 — 930Eirik Bloody Axe930 — 935Haakon I Good935 — 961Harald II Gray Skin961 — 970Olaf I Tryggvason995 — 1000Olaf II Saint1015 — 1028


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Jarls Hladir (rulers of Norway on behalf of Danish kings)


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Hakon the Mighty 970—995


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Eirik son of Hakon the Mighty 1000—1014 and Swain son of Hakon the Mighty 1000—1015


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Hakon Eiriksson 1014—1015, 1028—1030


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Gorm the Old Dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReignImagesHarald I Blue-toothed 961 — 986?


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Sven I Viloborody986?


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

— 995, 1000—1014 Canud the Great and Sven1028 — 1035, 1030—1035


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

The Ingling Dynasty (2nd Period)


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReigneMagnus I Noble1035 — 1047Harald III Harsh 1047 — 1066Olaf III and


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Magnus II Haraldsson1066 — 1069Olaf III Calm1069 — 1093Magnus III Barefoot and


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Hakon I Pupil of Torir 1093 — 1094Magnus III Bosonogy1094 — 1103Olaf Magnusson1103 — 1115Eystein I Magnusson1103 — 1123Sigurd I Crusader1103 — 1130Civil War 1130—1163Magnus IV Blind1130 — 1135Harald IV1130 — 1136Sigurd II1136 — 1155Inge I Gorbun1136 — 1161Eystein II1142 — 1157Haakon II Broad-shouldered 1157 — 1162Magnus V1161 — 1184Eystein III Girl1176 — 1177Sverrir Sigurdsson1177/1184 — 1202Jon Kuvlung1186 — 1188Inge Magnusson1196 — 1202Haakon III Sverrisson1202 — 1204Civil War between Birkebeiners and Baglers 1204—1217Guttorm Sigurdsson (Birkebeiner King) 1204 — 1204Erling Steinwegg (Bagler King) 1204 — 1207Inge II Bordarsson (Birkebeiner King) 1205 — 1217Philip Simonsson (Bagler King) 1207 — 1217Haakon IV Haakonsson Old1217 — 1263Skule Bordsson1239 — 1240Magnus VI Haakonson Lagabeether1263 — 1280Eric II Magnusson1280 — 1299Hakon V Saint 1299 — 1319


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Folkung dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of Reignus VII Ericsson1319 — 1355Haakon VI Magnusson1355 — 1380


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Alliance with Denmark


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Olaf IV or Olaf III as King of Denmark, 1380—1387


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Kalmar Union


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Margarita I, 1387—1389


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Greiff dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Eric III Pomeranian, 1389-1442


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Wittelsbach dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Christopher Bavarian, 1442—1448


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Bunde dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Karl I Knutson, 1449—1450


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Union with Denmark


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Oldenburg dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReigneChristian I1450 — 1481Hans1483 — 1513Christian II1513 — 1523Frederick I1523 — 1533Christian III1534 — 1559Frederick II1559 — 1588Christian IV1588 — 1648Frederick III1648 — 1670Christian V1670 — 1699Frederick IV1699 — 1730Christian VI1730 — 1746Frederick V1746 — 1766Christian VII1766 — 1808Frederick VI1808 — 1814


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Independence (1814)


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Oldenburg dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of BoardChristian Frederick1814


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Union with Sweden


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Holstein-Gottorp dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReferenceCharles II1814 — 1818at the same time Charles XIII, King of Sweden


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Bernadotte dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReferenceCharles III Johan1818 — 1844Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, Napoleonic Marshal, was adopted by Charles XIII, King of Sweden and Norway, and became King of Norway (under the name Charles III) and Sweden (under the name of Charles XIV) Oscar I1844 — 1859Simultaneously Oscar I SwedishCharles IV1859 — 1872 at the same time Charles XV, King of SwedenOscar II1872 — 1905at the same time King of Sweden


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Independent Kingdom of Norway


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Glucksburg dynasty


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

NameTime of ReignHaakon VII1905 — 1957Olaf V1957 — 1991 Harald Vsince 1991


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

References


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

(in German)


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Kings


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Category:Norwegian history


Question: Who founded the royal dynasty of Norway?

List of kings of Norway

Category:Lists of rulers of Europe


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The Smashing Pumpkins (IPA: [ˈsmæɪpmpkŏns]) is an American alternative rock band formed in Chicago in 1988.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Despite the fact that its lineup has changed more than once, Billy Corgan (guitar/vocals), James Iha (guitar/backing vocals), Darcy Retzky (bass/backing vocals) and Jimmy Chamberlain (drums) were the main members of the band in the period of her musical activity.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Currently, the band includes Corgan, Ihu, Chamberlain and [1] [2].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Denying the influence of punk rock, the band used an extended, dense, heavy guitar sound, combining elements of gothic rock, heavy metal, dream pop, psychedelic rock, progressive rock, shoegazing, grunge, and [3].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Corgan is the band's main songwriter: his great musical ambitions and relaxing lyrics have created albums that have been described as “suffering crumpled reports from Billy's nightmare world Corgan” [4].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Smashing Pumpkins broke into the music mainstream after the release of Siamese Dream's second album in 1993.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band formed its audience through active tours, as well as a 1995 double album called Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness, which climbed to number one on the chart Billboard 200.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Having sold almost 19 million albums in the US [5] [6], The Smashing Pumpkins became one of the most commercially successful and recognized bands of the 90s.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

However, internal quarrels, drug use, and falling record sales led to the breakup of the band in 2000.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 2006, Billy Corgan and Jimmy Chamberlin resumed work to record a new Zeitgeist album.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band toured with intermittent line-ups of five to nine musicians for most of 2007 and 2008 with new member Jeff Schroeder, after which Chamberlain left the band for at the beginning of 2009.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

He was replaced by drummer Mike Byrne and bass player Nicole Fiorentino, who joined the new lineup with Corgan and Schroeder, touring for most of 2010 and 2011.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band has now released a new album called Oceania, and continues to record new material for.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On March 25, 2014, the band announced that two new albums would be released in 2015: Monuments to an Elegy and Day for Night [7].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Group history


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Early years (1988—1992)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After the breakup of gothic rock band The Marked, singer and guitarist Billy Corgan leaves St. Petersburg, Florida to return to his homeland in Chicago, where he wanted to get a job in music store and create a new band called The Smashing Pumpkins [8].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

While working there, he met guitarist James Ech.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Decorated with paisley and other psychedelic attributes, they began writing songs together (using a drum machine), under the strong influence of bands such as The Cure and New Order [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The duo first performed on stage on July 9, 1988 at a Polish bar located on Chicago Street 21.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The performance took place only with the participation of Corgan, Ich and the drum machine [10].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After the Dan Reed Network show, Corgan met D'Arcy Retzky, with whom he discussed the band's achievements [11] [12].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After learning that Retzky played bass, Corgan recruited her to the lineup, and the new trio played a concert at the Avalon nightclub [12].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After this show, Cabaret Metro owner Joe Shanahan agreed to book the band's performance, but on condition that they replace the drum machine with a drummer [12].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Corgan's friend advised jazz drummer Jimmy Chamberlin to join the band [12].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Chamberlin didn't know much about alternative music, so he almost immediately changed the sound of the nascent band.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

From Corgan's memoirs:


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On October 5, 1988, the band first appeared on stage at Cabaret Metro [12].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 1989, the band's recordings first appeared on an album, a compilation called Light Into Dark, which also featured several alternative Chicago bands [13].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 1990, the band released their first single, “I Am One”, on the local label Limited Potential.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After selling the single, the band released the song “Tristessa” at Sub Pop studios, after which they signed with Caroline Records [13].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 1991, under the direction of producer Butch Vig, the band recorded their debut studio album, Gish, for $20,000 at Smart Studios [14].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In order to get the connectivity that Corgan wanted, he often played all musical instruments, while maintaining drum parts that created tension in the sound [15].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The music combines heavy metal, psychedelia and dream pop, comparing the sound of Jane's Addiction [15].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Gish had minor success along with the single “Rhinoceros”, which get rotated on some alternative rock radios [13].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After releasing the Lull EP in October 1991 on Caroline Records, the band officially signed a contract with Virgin Records, a division of Caroline [13].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After recording, the band embarked on a tour to support the album, which was opened by bands such as Red Hot Chili Peppers, Jane's Addiction and Guns N' Roses [13].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

During the tour, Iha and Retzky experienced a difficult separation from each other, Chamberlain became addicted to drugs and alcohol, and Corgan was deeply depressed, writing several songs for the new album in the garage where he lived at the time [16].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Breakthrough to the mainstream (1992—1994)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

With the breakthrough of alternative rock into the American mainstream due to the popularity of grunge bands such as Nirvana and Pearl Jam, The Smashing Pumpkins were ready for major commercial success.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

At this time, the band was constantly mixed with the grunge movement, despite Corgan's protest: “Now we have moved from Jane's Addiction to Nirvana, now we are the next Pearl Jam” [17].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Amid intense internal pressure, the band moved to Marietta, Georgia, in late 1992 to break through to widespread popularity to begin working on their second album with Butch Vig as a producer [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The decision to sign up so far from their hometown was partly motivated by the group's desire to avoid friends and discord, but largely due to a desperate attempt to shield Chamberlin from their known drug links [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The process of recording the Siamese Dream album was greatly overshadowed by disagreements within the band [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

As with the album Gish, Corgan and Vig decided that Corgan should play almost all the guitar and bass parts on the album, thereby causing outrage in the band [18] [19].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The modern music press began to portray Corgan as a tyrant [20].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Meanwhile, Corgan's depression reached the point where he was already considering suicide, but he managed to pull himself together, actually living in the studio [21].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Meanwhile, Chamberlin quickly managed to find new connections and began to be often absent from the studio for several days [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Overall, the recording took four months and had a budget of more than $250,000 [18].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Despite all the problems during recording, Siamese Dream debuted at number ten on the Billboard 200 [22] and sold more than four million copies in the United States [23].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Along with the band's increased influence in the mainstream, the team gained a reputation as careerists among their former colleagues, with whom relations subsequently deteriorated [10].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The indie rock band Pavement openly mocks the band in the lyrics of their 1994 song “Range Life”, and Stephen Malkmus, vocalist of Pavement, stated: “I have never spoken out about their music; I spoke only about their status” [24].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Former Hüsker Dü member Bob Mould called them grunge The Monkees (after the name of the sixties pop group that, according to many, parasitized rock and roll fashion) [9], and the Chicago musician and producer Steve Albini wrote a humiliating letter in response to a commendable article about the band, mockingly comparing them to REO Speedwagon and convinced of their insignificance [25].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The opening song and single “Cherub Rock” from the Siamese Dream album directly deals with Corgan's enmity with the “indie world” [26].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 1994, Virgin released Pisces Iscariot, which peaked at number four on the Billboard 200 [27].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

A videotape called Vieuphoria was also released, which was a mixture of live performances and off-screen filming [27].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After an ongoing tour in support of the album, including headlining at the Lollapalooza and Reading festivals in 1994 and 1995, respectively, the band took a break to record the next record [27].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness (1995 − 1997)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Corgan worked non-stop for the following year and wrote about fifty-six songs for his next album [28].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After a period of intense creativity, the band returned to the studio with producers Flood and Alan Moulder to work on what Corgan called “A Wall for Generation X” [29].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The result was Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness, a double album of twenty-eight songs and lasting more than two hours (the vinyl version of the album contained three records, two additional songs and another song list) [10].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The songs were connected to each other by one idea — the cycle of life and death [10].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Praised by Time magazine as “the band's most ambitious and perfect work ever” [30], Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 in October 1995 years [31].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Even more successful than Siamese Dream, the new album went platinum nine times in the United States [32] and has become the best-selling double album of the decade to date [33].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

He also received seven Grammy Award nominations in 1997, including Album of the Year [33].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band won the award only for “Best Hard Rock Performance” of the single Bullet with Butterfly Wings [33].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness spawned five singles: Bullet With Butterfly Wings,,,, and the first three of which went gold, and all except Zero entered the Top 40 [33].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The remaining songs, which were not included on the album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness, were released as B-sides to the singles, and eventually made a compilation [33].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

As proof of the band's popularity, Virgin Records initially sold a limited edition of 200,000 copies of the album, but due to increased demand, the company released significantly more records than previously thought [34].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 1996, the band began a major world tour in support of the album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

During this period, Corgan's appearance — a shaved head, a black long-sleeved shirt with the word Zero on it, and silver pants — became a hallmark [35].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In the same year, the band also appeared in an episode of The Simpsons Homerpalooza [36].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Thanks to its wide rotation on MTV, major awards from the music industry, and the sale of T-shirts in shopping malls with the inscription Zero, The Smashing Pumpkins was considered one of the most popular bands of the time [ 36] [37].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

However, this year was far from being entirely positive for the band.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In May, the band played a concert in Dublin [38].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Despite repeated requests from the band to stop mosh, a seventeen-year-old fan named Bernadette O'Brien was crushed to death [38].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Due to the incident, the concert ended early, and the band's next night performance in Belfast was canceled as a sign of respect for the deceased [38].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

However, while Corgan claimed that “mosh time has come and gone”, the band would continue to demand open concerts during the rest of the tour [39].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On the night of July 11, 1996, the band suffered a personal tragedy when concert keyboardist and drummer Chamberlin took too much heroin in a hotel room in New York [40].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Melvoin died and Chamberlin was arrested for drug possession [40].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

A few days later, the group announced that Chamberlin had been fired as a result of a drug incident. [40]


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band decided to end the tour and hired a drummer and keyboardist [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Corgan later stated that continuing the tour was the worst decision the band had ever made, harming music and reputation [9].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

At the same time, after the release of Mellon Collie, the band gave an interview in which they stated that the album would be the last regular recording of The Smashing Pumpkins [41] and that the rock had become stale [41].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

James Iha stated at the end of 1996: “The future belongs to electronic music [41]. It seems really boring to play only rock music” [42].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Adore, Machina and Breakup albums (1998—2000)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After the release of the album Mellon Collie, the band released many songs on various compilations.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Released in early 1997, the song was based exclusively on electronic instruments and marked a sharp transition in the band's sound.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

At this time, Corgan announced his idea to “reconfigure the focus and move away from the classic rock format” [43].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In the same year, the band released the soundtrack for the film Batman and Robin [44].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The song, recorded with the participation of the new drummer, had a heavy sound, similar to Bullet with Butterfly Wings, but with a strong influence of electronic instruments [44].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The song later won a Grammy in 1998 for [44].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Recorded after the death of Corgan's mother and his divorce in 1998, the Adore album represented a significant change in the band's style, moving from early guitar rock to electronics.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The recording, shortened with the help of session drummers and drum machines, was imbued with an even darker aesthetic than the band's early works.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In addition, the band changed its image, changing its informal look to a more restrained appearance.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Although Adore received critical acclaim and received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Alternative Performance, the album sold only 830,000 copies at the end of the year in The United States, which was seen by the music industry as a failure [45].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

However, the album sold three times as many copies abroad.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In support of the Adore album, the band embarked on a charity tour of fifteen cities in North America, which lasted seventeen days.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

At each stop during the tour, the band donated 100 percent of ticket revenues to a local charity.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The tour expenses were fully financed by the group's own funds.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

During the tour, the band donated more than $2.8 million to charity [46].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 1999, the band surprised fans with the return of Jimmy Chamberlin to the main lineup for a short tour called The Arising, which featured both new and classic material.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The lineup, however, turned out to be fleeting, and the band announced Retzky's departure in September while working on the album Machina/The Machines of God [47].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Former Hole bass player Melissa Auf der Maur was invited to tour Sacred and Profane in support of the album and appeared in the video accompanied by the band.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Released in 2000, Machina's album was originally advertised as “the band's return to traditional rock sound after the release of the gothic and electronic disc Adore” [48].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The album debuted at number three on the Billboard chart, but quickly disappeared and received only gold certification in 2007 [49] [50] [51].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Music journalist Jim Derogatis, who described the album as “one of the strongest in the band's career”, noted that the stalled Machina album sales compared to teenage tin-pop” are concrete proof that a new wave of young pop fans are deaf in relation to alternative rock “[52].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On May 23, 2000, in an interview and live on radio, Billy Corgan announced his decision to disband the band later this year after an additional tour and recording of the album.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Machina II/The Friends & Enemies of Modern Music's latest album before the breakup was released in a limited edition on vinyl in September 2000 with permits and instructions for free distributed on the Internet by fans [48].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Only twenty-five copies were dismantled, each of which was numbered and given to friends of the group, including the members [48].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Released under the auspices of Corgan's label, the album consisted of one double longplay and three dozen singles [53].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Initially, the band offered Virgin to provide the Machina II album for free download to all those who bought the first part.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

When the label refused, Corgan decided to release the material on his own [54].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On December 2, 2000, The Smashing Pumpkins played her farewell concert at the club, where their successful career began twelve years ago.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The almost five-hour performance consisted of 35 songs that covered the band's entire career, and after that, the band members distributed a recording of their first concert to visitors [54].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The single, which coincided with the farewell show, was a commercially successful [54].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After the breakup (2001—2005)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On November 20, 2001, the collection was released.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The two-disc version of the album, released, included a compilation called.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

At the same time, a limited edition DVD was also released under the title, which included all the promotional videos, from the album Gish to Machina, along with unreleased material [55].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 2002, the album Earphoria was released on DVD as the soundtrack for Vieuphoria, which was released exclusively for radio stations in 1994.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Billy Corgan and Jimmy Chamberlin reunited in 2001 as members of Corgan's supergroup Zwan.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band's only album, Mary Star of the Sea, was released on January 28, 2003.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After canceling several performances, Corgan announced the breakup of the band in 2003.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Also in 2001, Corgan toured with New Order and participated in the recording of their album Get Ready.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In October 2004, Corgan published his first book, a collection of poems [56].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In June 2005, he released a solo album, which Corgan described as “a thread collection of Smashing Pumpkins's unfinished work”.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The album received mixed reviews from critics and had meager sales [56].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The only single in support of the album, Walking Shade, was released.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In addition to working with Zwan, Jimmy Chamberlin formed an alternative rock/jazz fusion band called.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 2005, the band released an album titled.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

As a guest, Corgan took part in recordings of the Lokicat track.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

After the breakup of Smashing Pumpkins, James Iha became the guitarist for A Perfect Circle, appearing on tour called Third Step and on the album in 2004.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

James has also been involved in other projects, such as Team Sleep led by Chino Moreno and the band.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

He continues to work for his own label as well as for.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

D'Arcy Retzky, apart from the 2009 interview, has not made any public statements or speeches since leaving Smashing Pumpkins in 1999.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On 25 January 2000, she was arrested after allegedly purchasing three bags of cocaine, but after successfully completing a drug education program ordered by the court, the charges were dropped [57] .


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

During this period of time, Corgan claimed that he would not revive Smashing Pumpkins, however, when Zwan broke up, he stated, “I think my heart was in Smashing Pumpkins... It would be it is naive to think on my part that I could find something that meant so much to me” [58].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 2005, Corgan stated: “I never wanted to leave Smashing Pumpkins.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

This was never part of the plan” [59].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On February 17, 2004, Corgan posted a post on his personal blog calling Retzky a “mean drug addict” and accusing James Eha of the breakup of Smashing Pumpkins.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On June 3, 2004, Corgan added that “the depth of my pain (from James) coincides with the depth of my gratitude” [61].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 2005, James Iha responded to Corgan's claims, saying: “No, I did not disband the band.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The only person who could do this is Billy” [62].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Zeitgeist Reunion and Album (2005—2008)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

At the end of 2006, Corgan announced that he had begun work on a new album, The Smashing Pumpkins.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The artist said that Chamberlain participates in the recording of the new album, without disclosing the names of the rest of the musicians.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On February 7, 2007, at 7:07am, he posted on the band's blog the title and release date of their new album, Zeitgeist, will be released on July 10, 2007 (previously announced a different date, 07.07.07, but that albums are usually released on Tuesdays, it had to be changed).


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The band later announced eight European festival performances prior to the release of the album, from May 28 to June 17, 2007.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Zeitgeist's first single, “Tarantula”, was released online in June 2007.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The track “Doomsday Clock” was included in the official soundtrack of the film “Transformers”.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In January 2008, Corgan and Chamberlin together recorded a four-song EP entitled American Gothic and also released under the guise of The Smashing Pumpkins.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Teargarden and Oceania albums (2009-present)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On March 20, 2009, it was announced on the band's official website that Jimmy Chamberlain had left the band.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Billy Corgan began work on a 44-track concept album, called Teargarden by Kaleidyscope [64].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Between December 8, 2009 and September 14, 2010, 10 tracks were released as part of this project, compiled on three discs, Vol.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

1: Songs for a Sailor, Vol.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

2: The Solstice Bare and Vol.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On June 19, 2012, EMI Label Services released The Smashing Pumpkins — Oceania, which continued the concept of Teargarden by Kaleidyscope [65].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In autumn, the band toured the United States for 30 concerts, during which Oceania was performed in full.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

As part of the Shamrocks & Shenanigans 2013 tour, the band played two concerts in Russia.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

A new studio album, The Smashing Pumpkins, was scheduled to be released in December 2013 [66], but was never released.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In March 2014, it was announced that the band would release two new discs in 2015 [67].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

On December 9, 2014, the band released their new album, Monuments to an Elegy.


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tommy Lee (Mötley Crüe) was invited as a session musician to record drums [68].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

In 2015, during one of the tours, Jimmy Chamberlain joined the band [69].


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Roster


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Current roster


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Billy Corgan — vocals, guitar, keyboards, bass guitar (1988—2000, 2006)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

James Iha — guitar, bass, backing vocals (1988—2000, 2018—present)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Jimmy Chamberlin — drums, backing vocals (1988—1996, 1999—2000, 2006—2009, 2015—2017 (tour), 2018—present)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Jeff Schroeder — guitar, keyboards, backing vocals (2007—present day)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Session musicians


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Jack Bates — Bass (2015, 2018—Today)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Former members


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

D'Arcy Retzky — bass guitar, backing vocals (1988—1999)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Melissa Auf der Maur — bass guitar (1999—2000)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Mike Byrne — drums, backing vocals, keyboards (2009—2014) [70]


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Nicole Fiorentino — bass guitar, backing vocals, keyboards (2010-2014)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Former session musicians


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Eric Remskneider — cello (1992—1994)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Jonathan Melwar — keyboards (1995—1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Matt Walker — drums (1996—1997)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Dennis Flemion — keyboards (1996—1997)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Kenny Aronoff — drums (1998-1999)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Dan Morris — percussion (1998-1999)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Steven Hodges — percussion (1998-1999)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Mike Garson — piano, keyboards (1998-1999, 2000)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Chris Holmes — keyboards, vocoder (2000)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Lisa Harriton — keyboards (2007—2009)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Ginger Reis — bass guitar, backing vocals (2007—2009)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Steven Bradley — Trumpet (2008) [71]


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Gabriel McNair — trombone (2008)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Christopher Pooley — keyboards, accordion (2008)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Ginger Shankar — 10-string violin (2008)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Mark Tulin — bass guitar (2010)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Mark Stoermer — bass guitar (2014—2015) [72]


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Brad Wilk — Drums (2014—2015) [72]


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Katie Cole — Various Tools (2015—2017)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Sierra Swan — Various Instruments (2016—2017)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Timeline


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Discography


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Studio albums


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Other releases


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Pisces Iscariot (1994)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Aeroplane Flies High (1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Zero (1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The Greatest Hits - Rotten Apples (2001)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Judas O (2001)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Earphoria (2002)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Rarities And B-Sides (2005)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Oceania Live In NYC (2013)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Singles and EPs


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

American Gothic (2008)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

That's The Way (My Love Is) (2007)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tarantula (2007)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Perfect (1998)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Thirty Three (1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Zero (1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

1979 (1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tonight, Tonight (1996)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Bullet With Butterfly Wings (1995)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Disarm (1994)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Today (1993)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Cherub Rock (1993)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The Peel Sessions (1992)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Lull (1991)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

I Am One (1991)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Moon (1989)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

The Smashing Pumpkins (1989)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

vinyl


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

I Am One 7” (1990, Limited Potential)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tristessa 7" (1990, Sub Pop)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tristessa 7" (1990, Sub Pop, pink vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tristessa 7" (1990, Sub Pop, grey vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Tristessa 12" (1990, Sub Pop)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Siva 12" (1991, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Gish LP (1991, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Lull 12" (1991, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Peel Sessions 12" (1992, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

I Am One 10" (1992, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

I Am One 12" (1992, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Cherub Rock 7" (1993, Hut, clear vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Cherub Rock 12" (1993, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Siamese Dream LP (1993, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Today 7" (1993, Hut, red vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Today 12" (1993, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Disarm 7" (1994, Hut, purple vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Disarm 12" (1993, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Siamese Singles (Rocket only) 7" (1994, Hut, peach vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Siamese Singles 7" (1994, Hut)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Pisces Iscariot LP + 7" (1994, Caroline, limited edition yellow vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

Pisces Iscariot LP (1994, Caroline yellow vinyl)


Question: How many albums have The Smashing Pumpkins recorded as of 2019?

The Smashing Pumpkins

1979 12" (1996, Hut)