Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Uzbek language prevails as the native language in the country.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

It is considered native by about 80% of the population (mainly ethnic Uzbeks); the remaining 20% of the population considers several dozen other languages to be native.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

One of the most widely spoken native languages is Russian.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

It also most often acts as a second, third and/or foreign language for the majority of the non-Russian population of the republic [1].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

The status of these two most important languages of the republic changed during the 20th and 21st centuries.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Grading


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Most of the country's languages belong to two major linguistic communities: the Turkic branch of the Altai family and the Indo-European family.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

The Turkic group includes Uzbek, Karakalpak, Kazakh, Turkmen, Uighur, Kyrgyz and Azerbaijani languages, which are spoken by more than 85% of the population of the republic.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Of the Indo-European languages, Russian and Tajik are the most widely represented; recently English has also been used and is widely developed (as a foreign language).


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Leading languages


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

In the Uzbek SSR, both leading languages — Uzbek and Russian — had equal official status.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

However, the actual level of knowledge of both languages varied among different population groups.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Thus, the Russian population for the most part had little command of the Uzbek language, and among Uzbeks, citizens spoke Russian much better than residents of rural areas.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

In general, the overall level of Russian language proficiency in the country has been and remains slightly lower than in neighboring Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, but higher than in Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Using the absence of a clause on the state language in the Constitution of the USSR of 1977, in October 1989, the authorities of the Uzbek SSR proclaimed Uzbek the state language [2]; at the same time, the Russian language was endowed the status of the language of interethnic communication, which he officially maintained until December 21, 1995 [3].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

The new version of the law does not mention the Russian language, and Article 4 of the new Constitution of the country proclaims Uzbek as the state language of the country [


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Nevertheless, a network of state educational institutions in Russian and some other languages has been preserved and continues to operate on the territory of the republic.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Today, Uzbekistan has many newspapers and magazines in Russian, as well as 848 schools with Russian as the language of instruction with a total number of students of 372,256 people [5].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

At the same time, since November 1, 2012, by order of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic, the Russian language was again allowed to be used when processing documents in the registry offices.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

De facto, the Russian language is widely used even in official documents and reports and is considered the de facto official language of the country along with Uzbek [6].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Regional languages


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

In addition to Uzbek, which is the state language throughout the country, other languages are used in a number of regions.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Thus, the Karakalpak language is also the official language on the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

In the Sokh District of Fergana Oblast, which is surrounded on all sides by the territory of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, 99.4% of the population (about 58,000 people) are ethnic Tajiks.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

The weekly newspaper “Sadoi Sokh” in the Tajik language is published in the district center of Sokha.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

There are 24 schools, 2 lyceums and 2 colleges with the Tajik language of instruction in the district [7].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Media, schools, lyceums, colleges and departments of universities in the Tajik language operate in Surkhandarya, Samarkand, Bukhara, Namangan and other regions with a compact Tajik population.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Schools and departments of universities with the Kazakh language of instruction operate in Tashkent and Navoi regions, as well as in the Republic of Karakalpakstan.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Schools with the Turkmen language of instruction operate in Khorezm region and the Republic of Karakalpakstan.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

In total, 848 Russian, 417 Kazakh, 377 Karakalpak, 256 Tajik, 60 Kyrgyz, 43 Turkmen schools operate in Uzbekistan [8].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Scope of application


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

The languages of Uzbekistan traditionally differ in the degree of their functionality depending on the scope of use.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Thus, the share of Russian as a language of everyday, intra-family and business communication significantly exceeds the share of those who consider it their native language.


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

On the other hand, a number of other minority languages of the republic (Tajik, Kazakh, Karakalpak, etc.) are used almost exclusively in intra-family communication and are poorly represented in business and public spheres [9].


Question: What language is spoken in Tashkent?

Languages of Uzbekistan

Notes


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society (IOPS) is an international scientific and humanitarian organization established in Russia in 1882, whose statutory tasks are to assist the Orthodox pilgrimage to the Holy Land, scientific Palestinian studies, oriental studies and humanitarian cooperation with the peoples of the Middle East.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The predecessors of the Palestinian Society were the Palestinian Committee, founded in 1859, and the Palestinian Commission, to which it was transformed in 1864.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

It was founded on May 21, 1882, on the feast day of Saints Constantine and Helena, Equal-to-the-Apostles, as an Orthodox Palestine Society.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1889, it received the honorary name Imperial.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

After the October Revolution, the Society was forced to divide into two independent organizations — Russian and foreign.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1918, the remaining part of the society in Russia was renamed the Russian Palestinian Society at the Academy of Sciences; on May 22, 1992, the historical name Imperial The Orthodox Palestine Society [1].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 2007, Sergei Vadimovich Stepashin has been the chairman of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

History


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Charter of the IOPS was approved on May 8, 1882 by Emperor Alexander III, and later approved by the meeting of founding members on May 21, 1882 [2].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In accordance with this Charter, the IOPS carried out multifaceted and fruitful activities until the First World War.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At various times, honorary members were representatives of the ruling elite, starting with the imperial family, including the Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (S. YU. Witte, P. A. Stolypin V. N. Kokovtsov and I. L. Goremykin B. IN. Stuermer) and Chief Prosecutors of the Holy Governing Synod (K. P. Pobedonostsev, P. P. Izvolsky, V. K. Sabler), clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church (St. Tikhon Patriarch of Moscow, St. Nicholas of Japan, St.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Vladimir Metropolitan of Kiev, St.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

right.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

John of Kronstadt, Bishop Porphyry (Uspensky), Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin), Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin), Metropolitan Arseny (Stadnitsky) and others [3].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Schools for local people


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Through the efforts of the IOPS, the Middle East created its own school system, which by 1914 consisted of more than 100 schools and two teachers' seminaries.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

State Councilor Alexey Fedorovich Kruglov, Consul General in Jerusalem, also contributed to the development of the school system in the Middle East.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

IOPS schools opposed the dissolution of local Orthodox communities in the surrounding mass of the non-Orthodox and non-Orthodox population.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

They were attended mainly by children from Orthodox families, including the poorest, because education was free.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The first elementary school was opened in the year the Society was established in the village of Mujedil on December 6, 1882, and a little later, 1882-1884, three more primary schools, a men's boarding school, were opened in Galilee, later transformed into a male teacher's seminary in Nazareth.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Alexander Gavrilovich Kezma has been the head of the network of Galilee educational institutions of the IOPS for many years.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Society's schools faced competition from Catholic and Protestant educational institutions, as well as opposition from the Patriarchs of Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1895, new schools have been opened mainly in Syria, on the territory of the Patriarchate of Antioch.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Teachers in schools were secular, and in the early years some of them were invited from Russia or studied in Russia.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Two teachers' seminaries were later established to train local teachers, a male seminary in Nazareth and a women's seminary in Beit Jala (see para. Women's Teachers' Seminary), where students received full board.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Elementary schools taught the Law of God, Arabic, arithmetic, geography, history and crafts.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In addition, many schools taught Russian, and the best students continued their education in Russia.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The necessary textbooks were compiled and printed in-house, mainly in Arabic.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

School premises were usually rented, but in some cases they were built.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The maintenance of schools cost more than 240,000 rubles a year and was a heavy burden for the Company, so since 1904, the issue of state funding was raised.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Later, in 1912, Nicholas II approved the law of July 5 approved by the State Duma on the financing of IOPS educational institutions in Syria as a separate line of the state budget (more than 150 thousand gold rubles per year).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1911, the total number of students was 11,112 (5,426 boys and 5,686 girls), with 1,493 students in schools in Palestine, 1,231 in schools in Lebanon, and 8,388 in Syria.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Several generations of Arab intelligentsia in the Middle East have passed through Russian schools [5].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the first two decades, schools did not have legal status and received it only on May 1, 1902 by a special firm of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

IOPS schools practically ceased to exist after the outbreak of the First World War [6].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Facilitating pilgrimages


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From the very beginning of its activity, the IOPS has been actively paying attention to promoting pilgrimage, [7] which corresponded to the goals and objectives of the Society enshrined in its Charter: “The Society's concerns about Russian pilgrims are not are limited to one reduction in the cost of travel to the Holy Land, but are even more aimed at satisfying their material and spiritual needs in the Holy Land” [8].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since February 10, 1883, the Society has been creating special pilgrimage books that make it possible to significantly reduce the cost of a trip to the Holy Land.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Pilgrimage books were sold by authorized representatives of the Company in various provinces of the Russian Empire, were valid for a year from the date of their issuance and gave the right to stop along the way travel at railway junction stations, with special coupons.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The company has entered into an agreement with ROPIT on special tariffs.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

So, if an ordinary III class ticket from Odessa to Jaffa at an ordinary fare cost 20 rubles 50 kopecks.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

one-way, then a ticket taken from the pilgrimage book cost 24 rubles round trip [9].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

By the end of the 19th check, the number of pilgrims wishing to visit the Holy Land reached 9,178 people per year, of which more than 4,000 stayed for the celebration of Easter, and in 1907 there was a record figure of 6,410 people, who are in Jerusalem during the Passover [10].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

To receive pilgrims, the efforts of the Palestinian Committee set up the Elizabethan and Mariinsky Metochions, and a Russian Hospital was built next to them to serve patients.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1889, the Elizabethan, Mariinsky Metochions and the Russian Hospital were transferred to the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, which soon, as part of a program to improve the life of pilgrims, is building a water sewer in Jerusalem, the first in the history of the city.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Also, as part of the expansion of the number of pilgrims in 1889, a New (Sergius) Metochion was built near the Russian Metochion by the efforts of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, and in 1891 it was under the jurisdiction of The Veniamin Metochion in Jerusalem was transferred to the Society, and in 1896, the Alexander Metochion built by the Society near the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in the old city of Jerusalem was consecrated, in 1905 the building of the Nikolaev Metochion built by the Society in Jerusalem was consecrated, and in 1904, a pilgrimage metochion was built in Nazareth, named after the first Chairman of the IOPS Sergievsky, In 1916, a pilgrimage complex with the Church of St. Nicholas was built in Bari (Italy) [11].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Branches of the Society promoting pilgrimage worked in 52 cities of the Russian Empire [12].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Pilgrims usually arrived from Odessa to the port of Jaffa and from there, accompanied by IOPS kawasses, went to Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1895, pilgrims have had the opportunity to use the railway service between Jerusalem and Jaffa.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At the Russian buildings of the Society in Jerusalem, pilgrims had the opportunity to check their luggage in the storerooms of the farmsteads and deposit their passport, tickets and valuables against the receipt of the Compound Management Office IPPO [13].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Pilgrims could receive a free lunch in the folk refectory of the Sergius Metochion.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Pilgrims could also use the services of a grocery shop, a book and icon shop and visit the bathhouse at the Sergievsky Metochion.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the evenings, Palestinian readings were held for pilgrims, telling about the history of the Old Testament and shrines visited by pilgrims during pilgrimage routes [14].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Pilgrimage caravans were formed for the pilgrims' journey, which were allocated guides of the Society and security.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

During the routes drawn up by the Society, pilgrims visited the shrines of Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Hebron, the Judean Desert, bathed in the sacred waters of the Jordan River, and visited the shrines of Galilee [15].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On Easter, Easter breaks were held in the courtyard of the Sergius Metochion through the efforts of the Society in Jerusalem [16].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The pilgrimage is significantly reduced due to the First World War that began in 1914, and then the revolution in Russia in 1917.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Between 1917 and 1991, only rare groups and official delegations had the opportunity to visit the Holy Land.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The intensification of the pilgrimage and the visit of IOPS delegations to the Holy Land became possible after the fall of the USSR in 1991.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since November 2009, the efforts of the Jerusalem branch of the IOPS [17] at the Sergius Metochion, returned to Russia, have revived the tradition of Palestinian readings for Russian Orthodox pilgrims arriving in the Holy The land, which are called the Sergius Readings [18].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since April 24, 2011, the Jerusalem branch of the IOPS has revived the pre-revolutionary tradition of Easter breaking the fast at the Sergius Metochion in Jerusalem [19].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 2013, the Sergius Readings for Russian Orthodox pilgrims and different parts of the Russian Diaspora have also been held at the Russian Museum and Park Complex in Jericho [20].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Scientific activity


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The scientific activity of the IOPS was laid down in the Charter of the Society, which read: “to collect, develop and disseminate information about the Holy Places of the East in Russia”, for this purpose the Society was a separate scientific department has been established [8].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From the first year of its existence, the Society begins to engage in scientific activities, primarily in the Holy Land and the Mediterranean countries [21].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Despite the scarcity of its material resources, the Society immediately begins to publish scientific works on Palestinian studies and the publication of monuments of the Old Russian, and then Byzantine pilgrimage writing system.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Because of this, the Society at first tries to attract solid scientific forces to its Council: Professors V. G. Vasilyevsky, I. E.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Troitsky, and through them to build relationships with other scientists and scientific authorities.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In various publications of the Society, M. A. Venevetinov, Dr. A. IN. Eliseev, Archimandrites Leonid (Kavelin) and Antonin (Kapustin), Professor A. A. Olesnitsky, G. S. Destunis A. A. Tsagareli, L. IN. Stoyanovich, K. D. Petkovich, Professor I. IN. Pomyalovsky, Professor N. AND. Ivanovsky, Academician N. ME.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Marr, S. O. Dolgov, Academician V. IN. Latyshev, Professor N. F. Kapterev, Professor N. A. Mednikov A. AND. Papadopoulo-Keramevs, P. A. Syrku, Kh.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

M. Loparev P. IN. Bezobrazov [22].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the pre-revolutionary period from 1882 to 1917, significant and tangible results were achieved in the publishing activities of the Company.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

First of all, 63 volumes of the Palestinian Collection, a permanent scientific journal of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, were published.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Also published: 10 volumes of Analect and the Catalogue of Jerusalem Manuscripts by A. AND. Papadopoul-Keramevs, 4 parts of Vasily Grigorovich's Wanderings, 7 volumes Book of Genesis Bp.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Porphyria, Bibliotheca geografia Palaestina, Palestine and Sinai (bibliography) by V. N. Khitrovo.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1891, the Society has also published Reports from the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society and numerous reports on the activities of the Society [23].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In addition, the Society published popular science publications in the form of readings about the Holy Land [24].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

For this purpose, the Society involved a number of authors: Archpriest V. AND. Mikhailovsky, Archpriest N. A. Eleonsky, Archpriest V. S. Solovyov, Archpriest P.Smirnov, Archpriest N. N. Tripolsky, D. S. Dmitrevsky, A. AND. Levochsky, I. IN. Malinovsky, A. N. Pypin V. N. Khitrovo, I. A. Vinogradov, M. AND. Osipov and I. IN. Viktorovsky et al.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Scientific research in the Holy Land, Mediterranean countries and the Biblical region in the pre-revolutionary period


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1882, Professor A. A. Tsagareli, who, following the results of his trip, writes the work “Information about monuments of Georgian writing in the Holy Land and Sinai” [26].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The first independent scientific project of the Society was the organization of archaeological excavations at the Russian site in the old city of Jerusalem under the leadership of the head of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin) and Jerusalem architect Konrad Schick, not far from the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The excavations resulted in the discovery on June 10, 1883 of the Threshold of the Judgment Gate, through which, according to legend, Christ went to Calvary [27].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1886, scientific studies of the historical place of Solomon's Temple on the Temple Mount were carried out by Professor of the Kiev Theological Academy in the Department of Jewish Language and Biblical Archaeology A. A. Olesnitsky, as a result of which his monumental work called the Old Testament Temple in Jerusalem was published [28].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

His main works on ancient Palestine are also known: the Holy Land, Jerusalem and its ancient monuments, Other important places in the Holy Land, the fate of ancient monuments of the Holy Land, etc.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

He is a translator from the Hebrew books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel [29].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the same 1886, a member of the IOPS Dr. A. IN. Eliseev explored the ancient path to the Holy Land through the Caucasus and Asia Minor.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Following the trip, A. IN. Eliseev reads a report at a meeting of the meeting of the Orthodox Palestine Society in 1887 [30].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Also in 1886, a private associate professor, Byzantinist professor P. IN. Bezobrazov, who explores the Patriarchal Library at the metochion of the Patriarchate of Jerusalem in Constantinople.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The purpose of his trip from the IOPS was to search for Byzantine manuscripts in the libraries of Constantinople and on the islands of the Greek Archipelago, which covered the past of Palestine, Byzantine pilgrimages to the Holy Land.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Several issues of the Orthodox Palestinian collection of the early 20th century published his articles on the history of the Patriarchate of Jerusalem, on the Holy Places of Palestine, including joint articles with the famous researcher of Greek manuscripts A. AND. Papadopolo Kerameves.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1887, Professor of Church Archaeology and Liturgy of the Kiev Theological Academy A. A. Dmitrievsky.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1887—1888, A. A. Dmitrievsky worked for four months in the library of St.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

vlkm.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Catherine on the Sinai Peninsula, where she works with manuscripts and leaves descriptions of more than 500 icons.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1889, 1891 and 1893, he again visited the Sinai Peninsula, Jerusalem, worked on Mount Athos, Constantinople, Athens, having last visited the main and significant book depositories of the Near East.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Dmitrievsky then publishes his research in a Journey to the East and his scientific results/report on a business trip abroad 1877—1888, as well as in the Scientific Description of the Manuscripts of the Sinai Monastery.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1912 His three-volume book is also published: Description of liturgical manuscripts stored in libraries of the Orthodox East, 1895—1917.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Typics, Monuments of patriarchal statutes and Ktitor monastic Typikons.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Kyiv.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1895, Euchology.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Kyiv, 1901, Typica.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Pg.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

His accumulated heritage amounted to more than 953 storage units of different volumes, which today make up Dmitrievsky's fund in the national library [31].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1891, a joint expedition consisting of professors: N. P. Kondakova, A. A. Olesnitsky and Y.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

AND. Smirnov carried out scientific research on Christian antiquities in Hauran, Ajlun and Zaiordanya.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

As a result of the expedition, N. P. Kondakov under the title Syria and Palestine [32], which included 1000 photographs, more than 50 watercolors and 20 plans [33].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1898, the director of the Russian Archaeological Institute in Constantinople, Professor F. AND. Ouspensky, who studied archaeological sites in Syria [34].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the same 1898, the artist N. L. Kluge, who was staying at the Sergius Metochion in Jerusalem, arrived in the Holy Land to reproduce in watercolor drawings a mosaic map of Medva (Madeba) in Zaiordanya, just opened in the floor Greek Orthodox Church in Madebe [35].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1900, the Society sent Professor V. N. Myshtsyn for the study and subsequent description of manuscripts and the museum of Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin), head of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem, Honorary Member of the IOPS.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The works compiled by V. N. Myshtsyn, are kept in the Russian State Historical Archive and in the collection of the Holy Synod [36] in St. Petersburg.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1902, the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, together with the eastern branch of the Russian Archaeological Society, organized and financed a scientific expedition to Sinai to study Georgian manuscripts, headed by the famous philologist, orientalist, historian, ethnologist and archaeologist N. ME.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Marr [37].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The expedition also included I.A. Javakhov and later famous Byzantist A. A. Vasiliev said.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The work of N. ME.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Marra and his colleagues in the study of Sinai manuscripts were continued by V. N. Beneshevich, who studied Greek and Slavic manuscripts in many major European libraries, including Constantinople, Mount Athos and Cairo.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

He also visits the Sinai Monastery of St.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

incl.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Catherine — in 1907, 1908 and 1911 and opens another 200 Greek manuscripts mentioned in the studies of Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin) and takes more than 6,000 photographs of manuscripts [38].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

A very significant contribution to the study of shrines in the Middle East was made by a graduate of the Faculty of Oriental Languages of St. Petersburg University, a student of Academician V. R. Rosen and I. YU.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Krachkovsky.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From 1908 to 1910, he traveled to the Middle East, where he visited Syria, Lebanon, Egypt and Palestine in search of ancient manuscripts.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In Palestine, he visits the monastery of St.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Sava the Consecrated, in Syria explores the manuscript collection of the library of the Patriarchate of Antioch in Damascus.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1913, 44 manuscripts of this collection ended up in St. Petersburg and were transferred by them to the Asian Museum, and in 1971-1974 eighty Muslim manuscripts were handed over by his wife V. A. Krachkovskaya to the National Library of Russia (NLR).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

AND. YU.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Krachkovsky took an active part in the scientific activities of the IOPS and was a member of the commission for the teaching of Russian, Arabic and Western European languages in the Society's schools in Syria, Palestine and Lebanon.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

He also worked in the field of the Society during the Soviet period [31].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

World War I


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

After the outbreak of World War I, the Turkish authorities requisitioned the property of the IOPS in December 1914, closed churches and expelled members of the Society and clergy from Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Turkish soldiers are housed in premises, shelters and monasteries.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Communication with Russia was interrupted.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On March 18, 1917, after the February Revolution, the Society's Council decided to be called the Orthodox Palestine Society (PPO).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

[39] On March 26, 1917, Grand Duchess Elizaveta Fedorovna, who headed the Society after the death of her husband, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (†1905), resigned, and on April 6, her resignation was accepted.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On April 9, 1917, at the general meeting, Prince A. A. Shirinsky-Shikhmatov.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

After the October Revolution, in 1918, the part of the Society that remained in Russia was transformed into the Russian Palestinian Society (RPO) at the Academy of Sciences and is headed by the oldest member Societies of V. IN. Latyshev.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The foreign part of the PPO continued its independent activities.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Thus, the Company was forced to be divided into two independent organizations.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Scientific activities of the Society during the Soviet period


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In connection with the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, and then with the revolution in Russia in 1917, the scientific activity of the IOPS suffered significant damage, which was expressed as the lack of material base for conducting research, and in the damage caused by the Soviet authorities to the infrastructure of the Company itself.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Nevertheless, the Company's activities continued during the Soviet period.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From 1918 to 1921, the organization was headed by Academician V. IN. Latyshev, who managed to preserve in the Society the “backbone” of Moscow and Leningrad professors who worked in the institutions of the Academy of Sciences.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the 1920s, members of the Palestinian Society included academicians: V. IN. Bartold N. AND. Vavilov V. AND. Vernadsky, S. A. Zhebelev, P. K. Kokovtsov N. P. Likhachev, A. IN. Nikitsky, S. F. Oldenburg, A. AND. Sobolevsky, B.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

A. Turaev A. E.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Fersman A. A. Shakhmatov, as well as professors: D. IN. Ainalov and I. D. Andreev V. N. Beneshevich, A. AND. Brilliantov A. A. Vasiliev, V. M. Veryuzhsky, I. A. Karabinov M. D. Priselkov, B.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

IN. Titlinov and I. G. Troitsky, V. V. and M. IN. Farmakovskiye, I. G. Frank-Kamenetsky, V. K. Shileiko [41].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The last issue of the Orthodox Palestinian collection was published in 1918.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

However, in 1926, with the assistance of Academician F. AND. Ouspensky (chairman of the Society from 1921 to 1928) managed to publish the only magazine during the Soviet period Messages of the Palestinian Society.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

By the 1930s, well-known figures of the IOPS remained in Soviet Russia: academicians I. YU.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Krachkovsky, N. ME.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Marr and I. AND. Meshchaninov and V. IN. Struve; Professor A. A. Dmitrievsky and I. AND. Sokolov said.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1928-1934, the chairman of the Society was N. ME.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Marr.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

After his death, the management of the Company for seventeen years was represented by I. YU.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Krachkovsky.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

He was the last member of the Pre-Revolutionary Society [42].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1942, he headed the Institute of Oriental Studies [43].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Society received a new impetus for development in 1951, when it was headed by Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Professor S. P. Tolstov said.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

He gathered a number of talented scientists around him.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1950, Metropolitan Nikolai Yarushevich, a well-known church leader, came to the Palestinian Society.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1954, publications of the Palestinian Collection, the main printed collection of the Society, have resumed.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Palestinian Society continued to operate in the Leningrad branch and in two different sections in Moscow.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

One of them was called Literary Relations between East and West.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Until 1988, this section was led by L. P. Zhukovskaya is a professor, a well-known historian of the Russian language, a researcher of the oldest Slavic and Old Russian texts, who studied about 500 handwritten Gospels, starting with the very first — Reims, Ostromirov, Mstislavov and up to the 16th century.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1988, the section was headed by the famous historian N. N. Lisova.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The section consisted of historians, philologists, Byzantinists, who were engaged, in particular, with Russian-Palestinian relations and Russian heritage in the Middle East [44].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The second section, where political and economic issues of the Middle East countries were discussed, was called Contemporary Problems of Palestine.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Many respected scientists also worked there: historians, legal scholars and economists.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Palestinian Society during this period was headed by the chairmen: S. P. Tolstov (1951—1970), Academician A. A. Guber (1970—1971), Academician S. L. Tikhvinsky (1971—1978), Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences Z. IN. Udaltsova (1978—1982), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences V. G. Solodovnikov (1982—1985), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences A. P. Novoseltsev (1985—1988), Professor R. T. Akhramovich (1988—1989), Professor O. G. Peresypkin (1989—2001) [45].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Activities abroad after 1917


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the autumn of 1918, the Chairman of the Society, Prince A. A. Shirinsky-Shikhmatov emigrated to Germany [46], where he headed the PPO Council in Emigration.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1918, members of the Society who found themselves abroad — PPO — continued to operate as far as the political situation of that time allowed, however, as a result of their activities, they were sold a significant number of IOPS and RDM parcels of land located in both Israel and the Palestinian National Authority.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The PPO was divided into three independent sections: American, European and Holy Land.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Seven people left the Holy Land section, having broken ties with the PPO in 1986, led by Anthony Grabbe, who went into a church schism, and since 2004 this group of people was headed by a follower of Anthony ( Grabbe) — N. A. Hoffman.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

This group of individuals call themselves differently, including the “PPO in the Holy Land”, the “Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society”, but is officially registered in Munich under the name “Russian Orthodox Society” Holy Land — Russian Orthodox Society of the Holy Land” and has the same details as the foundation of composer A. K. Glazunov [47], which is also led by Hoffmann, who appropriated the surname Vorontsov.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 2000, there has been a PPO Council in the Holy Land, which consists of clergymen and monastics of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem (RDM) of ROCOR, and is headed by the Archbishop of Berlin and German Mark (Arndt).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

[48] [49] Signed between the Council of PPO in the Holy Land and the IOPS.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Currently, the PPO Council in the Holy Land and the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society (IOPS) do not recognize a group of people who call themselves the “Russian Orthodox Society of the Holy Land” and occupy Alexander Compound of the IOPS in Jerusalem [50].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

British Mandate Period (1917—1948)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1917, the period of British colonial rule over Palestine began.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since December 11, 1917, the troops of British General E.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Allenby occupy Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From 1917 to 1919, supervision over Russian buildings in Jerusalem was carried out by an employee and member of the Society, acting. The manager of farmsteads K. N. Petropulo.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Contrary to the resolution of the Society Council, Petropulo allows Turkish officers and soldiers to enter Russian buildings, and then, after the arrival of the British authorities, he allows the use of the IOPS farmsteads by the British colonial authorities [51].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

These actions, contrary to the instructions of the IOPS Council, subsequently led to the fact that most of the Russian buildings were occupied by the British authorities.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1919, Nikolai Romanovich Seleznev arrived in Jerusalem, who served before World War I as an assistant manager of the IOPS farmsteads in Jerusalem, who, as far as he could, tried his best to straighten the situation created as a result of the irresponsible actions of K. N. Petropulo.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

With the support of the Supreme Ruler of Russia, Admiral A. IN. Kolchak, Commander-in-Chief A. AND. Denikin and member of the IOPS Council A. A. Neratova N. R. Seleznev arrived to take office as the manager of the IOPS farmsteads in Jerusalem and is recognized as the Manager of the IOPS farmsteads by the British authorities.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In a deplorable state, it receives the Russian metochions looted by the Turks in Jerusalem and partially occupied by the British colonial troops [52].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1923, he traveled to Europe to enlist the support of the Russian emigration there, meeting with Prince A. A. Shirinsky-Shikhmatov, lawyers, persons with access to the foreign ministries of Great Britain and France, influential church figures.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Members of the Administration of Metochions during this period were also: V. K. Antipov A. G. Kezma, M. N. Trapeznikova, Ya.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

N. Faraj, and I. AND. Spassky, E.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

M. Alekseev.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

N. R. Until his death on May 26, 1925, Seleznev tried, as much as possible, to preserve the Russian buildings of the IOPS, supporting the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission, which at that time was in heavy financial position, however, most of the Russian buildings were occupied by the administration of the British colonial authorities [53].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1922, the British Mandate began to operate in Palestine.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The English administration recognizes the existence of the Society and becomes the guardian of the PPO and the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In January 1925, she appointed Captain Caste [54] as administrator, who notified the PPO that the British recognized the actual existence of the Society, based in Berlin, and the Office Farmsteads that have a permanent residence in Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At the same time, colonial authorities are beginning to forcibly lease the property of the OPP and the Mission


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From this period, Russian property remained until the end of the British Mandate in 1948 under the close supervision of the administrator of Russian property, the English officer Captain G. A. Kasta [55].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At the same time, the Soviet government does not abandon attempts to seize the property of the PPO and the Mission in Palestine and Syria.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Corresponding notes are sent to the British and French governments [40], and plenipotentiary envoy Rakovsky negotiated in London in 1925, but did not achieve success.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1925, the IOPS farmsteads in Jerusalem and land plots throughout Palestine were managed by the former Imperial Consul in Persia, V. K. Antipov [56].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1948, on the eve of the departure of the British authorities from Palestine, V. K. Antipov moves from the Sergievsky Metochion of Jerusalem to the Alexander Metochion in the old city.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In western Jerusalem, at the Sergius Metochion, which soon fell into the power of the newly formed state of Israel, Colonel of the Imperial Army V. A. Samarsky, who manages the farmstead from 1948 to 1951 [57]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Israeli period (since 1948)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On May 14, 1948, the state of Israel was proclaimed and the First Arab-Israeli War immediately began.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The USSR was one of the first to establish diplomatic relations with Israel.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On May 20, the Commissioner for Russian Property in Israel I. L. Rabinovich.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Israeli government recognized the property of the USSR all buildings and lands of the PPO and RDM in the territory conquered by Israel during the war.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Only those buildings and lands that were located in the Old City, East Jerusalem and the West Bank remained under the jurisdiction of the PPO in the Holy Land, that is, in the territories annexed after Arab-Israeli War (1947—1949) to Jordan.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Until 1951, Colonel V. A. Samarsky, who lived at the Sergievsky Metochion.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the same 1951, an authorized representative of the Russian Palestinian Society M. P. Kalugin, whose employees [58] were located in the eastern building of the Sergius Metochion in Jerusalem and stayed there until the outbreak of the Six Day War in 1967 [59].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At the Alexander Metochion in the old city of Jerusalem, the PPO manager until 1959 was V. K. Antipov said.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1969, General Mikhail Khripunov became the manager of the Alexander Metochion, who retained his post until 1983 [60].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On November 3, 2005, the IOPS Jerusalem Branch was established.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since December 2008, as in pre-revolutionary times, an authorized representative of the IOPS began to operate in Jerusalem, whose duties were performed by Pavel Platonov (from 2008 to 2015).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since December 25, 2015, the IOPS has been represented in Israel by Igor Ashurbeyli, Director of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society in the State of Israel [61].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since February 2009, the headquarters of the Jerusalem branch of the IOPS has been located at the Sergius Metochion in Jerusalem [62].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1967, after the Six Day War, all of Jerusalem and the West Bank came under the control of the State of Israel.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The PPO Council decided on the temporary care of society by the Synod of Bishops of ROCOR, which is implemented by the latter's Decree of March 24, 1969 [63].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In addition, in April 1970, the structure of the PPO was reorganized and three independent sections appeared: American, European and in the Holy Land [64].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Chairmen of the EPO Section in the Holy Land (after the 1969—1970 reorganization)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1969—1983 — General Mikhail Khripunov


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1983—1986 — Archimandrite Anthony (Grabbe)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since 1986, Archimandrite Anthony (Grabbe), according to the decree of the Synod of Bishops of September 4, 1986, has been deprived of his dignity “for irresponsible embezzlement of church funds, lack of reporting in the Russian Spiritual Missions in Jerusalem, violations of the laws on the administration of other people's property and a seductive way of life morally” [65].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

From that moment on, Anthony Grabbe separated from the “section of the Holy Land” of ROCOR, who went into a church schism, thus losing contact with the PPO and its section in the Holy Land [65].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The following chairmen of the self-styled organization occupying the Alexander Metochion, which is no longer related to the foreign section of the Holy Land and the PPO, are self-nominated respectively in:


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1986—1994 —


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1994—2004 — Antony (Grabbe)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

May 2004 — present — Nikolay Vorontsov (real name Hoffman) [66]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

nowadays


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Currently, a group of 8 people has separated from the section of the Holy Land with the official name, according to legal registration in Munich (Germany), “Russian Orthodox Society of the Holy Earth”, is outside any ecclesiastical jurisdiction.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

This group of people occupies the Alexander Metochion, located next to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The courtyard is located in the Old City of Jerusalem and includes the Threshold of the Judgment Gate, the house church of St. Alexander Nevsky, archaeological excavations and other attractions.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Archaeological research on this site began in 1882, and the construction of the courtyard in 1887.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the 2000s, reconstruction began at the Alexander Metochion.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On June 11, 2015, Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev signed an order according to which the Office of the President of the Russian Federation must conduct the necessary procedures for registering Russia's rights to the Alexander Metochion and the Alexander Nevsky Church in Jerusalem [67].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Russian Palestinian Society (RPS) (since 1918)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

October 5 (18), 1918 — due to the absence in Petrograd of the Chairman of the Society A. A. Shirinsky-Shikhmatov, Academician V. IN. Latyshev (1918—1921).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Soviet Period (1918—1991)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1918-1925 — the struggle for survival.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The number of members decreased to 30-50 people, mainly Petrograd and Moscow scientists.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Only scientific activity has been preserved [68].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since December 16, 1918, it began to be called the Russian Palestinian Society [40].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

January 1921 — Society House in Petrograd — 4-storey building No. 10/49 at the corner of Mytninskaya Street and 5th Rozhdestvenskaya Street (now 5th Sovetskaya Street), built in 1915 by architect Stepan Krichinsky [69] — nationalized and transferred to the jurisdiction of the Academy of Sciences.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

June 1921 — Byzantinist Academician Fedor Uspensky (1921-1928) was elected chairman of the RPS [40].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The end of June 1921 — April 3, 1922 — the premises of the Society on Mytninskaya Street, house 10 were sealed by the Cheka, the head of the house and affairs of the Society V. D. Yushmanov was arrested [40].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

May 18, 1923 — A note was filed with the governments of Great Britain, France and Italy stating that “... The Russian government considers it its duty to state in this regard that due to Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of January 23, 1918 No. The Russian Palestinian Society was liquidated and all its property, both movable and immovable, was declared the property of the Russian state” (quoted from Izvestia by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of June 22, 1923, published also in Petrogradskaya Pravda) [40].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

June 20, 1923 — the NKVD liquidated the Society [40].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

October 29, 1925 — The Charter of the RPO was registered by the NKVD, activities resumed.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

October 1929 — Academician Nikolai Marr (1929—1934) was elected chairman of the RPS [40].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

May 20, 1932 — by decision of the Soviet authorities, the Society's church in St. Petersburg, the one-domed Nikolo-Alexander Church, was blown up.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

It was located at the intersection of Kalashnikovsky Prospekt (now Bakunin Avenue), 2nd Rozhdestvenskaya Street (now 2nd Sovetskaya Street) and Mytninskaya Street, the walls were decorated inside with frescoes in the style Dionysius.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

It was built in 1913-1915 according to the project of architect Stepan Krichinsky.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The temple was very similar to the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Bari, so it was sometimes called Nikolo-Bargradsky.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Many of the most valuable old icons and utensils collected by Alexey Shirinsky-Shikhmatov, a connoisseur of Old Russian art, were kept here [70].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On December 20, 1934, academician Nikolai Marr, chairman of the RPS, died; the new chairman was not elected [40]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1934-1951 — The RPO was represented by Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, historian and Arabist Ignaty Krachkovsky, the last member of the Society of Pre-Revolutionary Composition.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1950 — in connection with the change in the political situation in the Middle East — the emergence of Israel — the Soviet government decided to intensify its presence in the region and, resumption of the activities of the RPO AS of the USSR, whose representative office is organized in Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Metropolitan Nikolai Krutitsky was the first to apply for membership in the Society [71].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

On January 16, 1951, at the constituent meeting of the new composition of the RPS, Sergei Tolstov, a researcher of Central Asia (1951-1970), was elected chairman.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At the same time, Mikhail Kalugin, an employee of the USSR Foreign Ministry, was approved as the representative of the RPO in Israel [40] [72]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The representative office of the Russian Palestinian Society at the USSR Academy of Sciences is located in the eastern building of the Sergius Metochion in Jerusalem from 1951 to 1967 [73].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1954 - The resumption of the release of the “Palestinian Collection”.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

October 17, 1964 — the so-called “Orange Deal” (Agreement No. 593) was concluded, according to which the USSR sold Israel the house of the Russian Consulate General, the Russian Hospital, the Mariinskoye, Elizavetinskoye, Nikolaevskoye, Veniaminov metochions in Jerusalem and other facilities for 4.5 million US dollars.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1967 — After the Six Day War, the USSR broke off relations with Israel.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

At the request of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR, the representative office of the RPO AS of the USSR in Jerusalem was evacuated and left the premises occupied at the Sergius Metochion.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

A resolution of the CPSU Central Committee was issued on the intensification of the work of the RPS, which, for ideological reasons, emphasizes the need to strengthen the ideological struggle against Zionism.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1970 — Academician Alexander Guber (1970—1971) became the chairman of the RPS [72].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1985 — Orientalist Anatoly Novoseltsev (1985—1988) became the chairman of the RPS [72].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1988 — Oleg Peresypkin (1988—2000) became the chairman of the RPS [72].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1990 — The USSR restored relations with Israel.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

A group of RPS staff visited the Holy Land for the first time after a long break.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In January, Moscow hosted the first major international conference “Russia and Palestine: Cultural and Religious Ties and Contacts in the Past, Present and Future”.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Post-Soviet period (since 1992)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

May 22, 1992 — The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation adopts a resolution on the restoration of the historical name of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society (IOPS) [74] and recommends to the Government of Russia take the necessary measures for the practical restoration and return of its real estate to the IOPS.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation recognizes him as the legal successor of both the IOPS that existed before 1917, and the RPS that existed in Soviet times.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2000 — An employee of the Russian Foreign Ministry A. F. Chistyakov (2000—2003).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2003 — historian Y.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

N. Shchapov (2003—2007).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2005 — in Jerusalem, at the Hebrew University on Mount Scopus, through the efforts of the IOPS, an international scientific and public conference “Jerusalem in the Russian Spiritual Tradition” was organized with the participation of Russian, Israeli and Arab scholars [76].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2005 — IOPS branches are established in the Holy Land in Bethlehem and Jerusalem.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The chairman in Bethlehem is D. Matar (from 2005 to the present), in Jerusalem — P. IN. Platonov [77].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Since December 2015, Igor Ashurbeyli, Director of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society in the State of Israel, has been representing the IOPS in Israel [61].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2007 — Chairman of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation S. IN. Stepashin (from 2007 to the present).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

October 5, 2008 — The Israeli government approved the decision to transfer the Sergiev Metochion to Russia.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

December 28, 2008 — Sergius Metochion is fully returned to Russia.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

February 3, 2009 — Israeli Finance Minister Roni Bar-On officially announced the transfer of rights to the Sergius Metochion in Jerusalem to the Government of the Russian Federation.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

February 10, 2009 — Conservation and restoration work began at the Sergievsky Metochion, and the office of the Jerusalem branch of the IOPS was located [79].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

June 2012 — In the presence of the President of the Russian Federation V. IN. Putin inaugurated the building of the Russian Cultural Center for Culture and Science in Bethlehem, which also houses the office of the Bethlehem branch of the IOPS [80] [81]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

August 2012 — Full-scale restoration work began at the Sergievsky Metochion in Jerusalem after the complete liberation of all premises from tenants [82].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

November 2012 — Restoration of the building of the Moscow IOPS Center on ul. Zabelina, 3, p. 2, which was donated to the Company by the Government of the City of Moscow [83]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

March 13, 2013 — In the presence of the IOPS Chairman S. IN. Stepashin held a solemn ceremony of laying a commemorative capsule in the foundation of the future secondary school in Bethlehem [84], the first school in the Palestinian National Authority with study Russian as the main foreign language.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Society Chairmen


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1882—1905 — Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (1857-1905)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1905—1917 — Grand Duchess Elizaveta Fedorovna (1864—1918)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1917—1918 — Prince Alexey Alexandrovich Shirinsky-Shikhmatov (1862—1930) [85]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1918—1921 — Academician Vasily Vasilyevich Latyshev (1855—1921)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1921—1928 — Academician Fedor Ivanovich Uspensky (1845—1928)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1928—1934 — Academician Nikolai Yakovlevich Marr (1865—1934)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In 1934-1951, the chairman was not elected, the leadership of the RPO was represented by Deputy Chairman Academician Ignaty Yulianovich Krachkovsky (1883-1951).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1951—1970 — Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences Sergey Pavlovich Tolstov (1907—1976)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1970—1971 — Academician Alexander Andreyevich Guber (1902—1971)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1971—1978 — Academician Sergei Leonidovich Tikhvinsky (1918—2018)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1978—1982 — Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences Zinaida Vladimirovna Udaltsova (1918—1987)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1983—1985 — Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vasily Grigorievich Solodovnikov (1918—2018)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1985—1988 — Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Anatoly Petrovich Novoseltsev (1933—1995)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1988—1989 — Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Roman Timofeyevich Akhramovich (1923—1989)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

1989—2000 — Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Oleg Gerasimovich Peresypkin (b. 1935)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2001—2003 — Candidate of Political Sciences Alexey Fedorovich Chistyakov (b. 1946)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

2003—2006 — Yaroslav Nikolaevich Shchapov, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1928—2011)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

since 2007 — Doctor of Law, Sergey Vadimovich Stepashin (b. 1952) [86]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The modern structure of the IOPS


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Chairman of the IOPS:


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Sergey Stepashin.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Chairman of the Committee of Honorary Members of IOPS:


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Kirill, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

IOPS Vice-Chairmen:


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Yury Grachev


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Nikolay N. Lisovoy, Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Senior Researcher, Doctor of Historical Sciences


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Mark, Archbishop of Ryazan and Mikhailovsky, Moscow Patriarchate


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Alexander Vladimirovich Saltanov, Vice President, Russian Railways


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Elena Agapova


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Mikhail Bogdanov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

IOPS offices


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The IOPS has 26 and 4 representative offices in Russia and abroad.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In Russia, branches have been opened in such cities as Moscow (chaired by Sergey Baidakov), Belgorod, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Orel, Perm, Rostov-on-Don, St. Petersburg, Tver, Voronezh, Kostroma, Veliky Novgorod et al.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In the Holy Land, branches operate in Jerusalem (chairman - Pavel Platonov), Bethlehem (chairman - Daud Matar).


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

In addition, branches have been established in Cyprus, Bulgaria and Uzbekistan.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Jerusalem, Bethlehem and Cyprus branches are legally registered in the territories of the State of Israel, the Palestinian National Authority and the Republic of Cyprus.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Foreign branches and representative offices


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Varna (Bulgaria)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Bethlehem (Palestinian National Authority)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Jerusalem (Israel)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Kyiv (Ukraine)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Larnaca (Cyprus)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Amman, Jordan


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Representative office in Darmstadt (Germany)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Representative office in Latvia


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Representative office in Acre (Israel)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Representative office in Greece (Thessaloniki)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Representative office in Uzbekistan


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Regional offices


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Astrakhan


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Belgorod


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Veliky Novgorod


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Vladimir


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Vladivostok


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Voronezh


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Ivanovo


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Kaluga


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Karachay-Cherkessia


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Kostroma


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Krasnodar


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Moscow


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Moscow Oblast


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Nizhny Novgorod


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Orenburg


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Oryol


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Perm


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Rostov-on-don


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Saint Petersburg


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Tatarstan (Naberezhnye Chelny)


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Tver


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

IOPS press bodies


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The IOPS publishes a printed scientific collection — “Orthodox Palestinian Collection” [87], as well as publishes other printed publications that can be carried out by the Society in cooperation with Russian and foreign scientific and socio-cultural institutions and organizations.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The Jerusalem branch of the IOPS has its own printed scientific collection in Jerusalem — the Jerusalem Bulletin of the IOPS [88].


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

The IOPS has its own library in the official center on Zabelina Street in Moscow (Building 3, Building 2) and completes a collection of rare books, manuscripts, and geographical maps.


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Honors


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Gratitude from the President of the Russian Federation (March 23, 2012) — for his great contribution to the preservation and popularization of Russia's cultural and historical heritage in the Holy Land, strengthening friendship and cooperation among nations [89]


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

See also


Question: Who was the first leader of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Community?

Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society

Media related to Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society at Wikimedia Commons