Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The specifics of the actions of regimental guns led to large losses of both the material part and the crews; at the same time, along with battalion artillery (45-mm guns) and mortars, regimental guns were the only artillery systems that were directly in battle formations and had the ability to hit the identified targets as quickly as possible.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Due to their relatively small size and weight, regimental guns were actively used in crossing rivers, conducting amphibious operations, and in urban battles.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

76 mm regimental guns mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927 abroad


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

It is well known about the use of captured guns of this type by the German and Finnish armies.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In 1941-1942, the Wehrmacht captured several thousand regimental guns mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927, 1,815 of which were officially recorded in documents as of the end of 1943 [16].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The guns were adopted by the German army under the name 7.62 cm Infanteriekanonenhaubitze 290 (r); by March 1944, the Wehrmacht still had 225 such guns, including 4 guns in the East, 36 in The Balkans, 173 in the West (mainly France), and 12 in Denmark [10].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

German gunners also earned great respect for guns of this type because of their simplicity, strength and undemanding operation, and in the Third Reich, the production of their own cumulative and high-explosive fragmentation ammunition.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The 7.62 cm IKH 290 (r) part was even re-equipped with sights with German-made optics.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The Finnish army captured 54 regimental guns during the Winter War, as well as almost two hundred more guns in 1941.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

At the beginning of 1944, the Finnish army had 235 guns of this type, which received indices 76 RK/27 and 76 RK/27-39 (the latter belonged to a modification of a gun with metal wheels).


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In general, the gun was rated positively, but its weakness as an anti-tank weapon was noted.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

After the war, the guns served in the Finnish army until the 1960s [11].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Ammunition and ballistics


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The gun shots were completed in the form of a unitary cartridge.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In order to unify ammunition with divisional guns, the length of the chamber of the regimental gun was adopted to be the same as that of the divisional gun.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

However, since the recoil devices of the regimental gun were not designed to use powerful shots from divisional guns, special measures were taken to exclude the possibility of loading regimental cannon with a divisional shot.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

To do this, the diameter of the flange of the regimental gun shot case was reduced, so it was impossible to charge the regimental gun with a divisional shot - the flange of its cartridge case did not enter the recess in the gripping nests.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

At the same time, firing regimental cannon shots from a divisional gun was possible.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Separate loading shots assembled in shortened cartridges could also be used, but this option was not widely used [1] [3].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Unitary cartridge case brass 1.55 kg or steel 1.41 kg. The 54-Zh-353 [17] charge consisted of 0.455 kg of 4/1 gunpowder and was a standard reduced charge for a divisional gun [18].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Theoretically, the regimental gun could fire the entire range of shells for divisional guns, but in practice some shells were not used, in particular, there were no shots with sub-caliber shells due to their inefficiency at a low initial speed.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

It should be noted that it was in regimental artillery that cumulative shells were most actively used, since they greatly increased the anti-tank capabilities of the gun (a conventional armor-piercing projectile had very low armor penetration due to low initial speed), and for divisional artillery, the gain in armor penetration of a cumulative projectile compared to a standard armor-piercing projectile at a combat distance closer than 500 meters was small (divisional 76 mm guns could also use more effective subcaliber ammunition).


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In addition, cumulative projectile fuses were finally worked out only by the end of 1944, and until that time, the use of cumulative shells in divisional artillery was prohibited due to the danger of the projectile rupture in the barrel bore due to the premature detonation of the fuse.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Cumulative shells, which had armor penetration of about 70-75 mm, appeared in the ammunition of regimental guns since 1943, and until that time, conventional armor-piercing shells were used in the fight against tanks, and even more often — shrapnel put “on the blow” [4].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The largest range of shots was available for high-explosive fragmentation and high-explosive shells due to the presence of a large number of old Russian and French grenades.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Shells from the Kurchevsky recoilless battalion gun (BOD) were also used.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

BOD shells were fired with standard charges of a regimental gun from armor-piercing shots weighing 0.465 kg.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

During the war, separate-loading ammunition was also used, using cartridges cut to 250... 260 mm: from rejection along the muzzle of standard and blank cartridges.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Such ammunition was equipped with both standard domestic OF-350 (53-VO-353AM) shells and shells from captured 75- and 76-mm ammunition.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Thus, there is information on the use of captured German Spr.Gr.39 shells from the Pak 36 (r) cannon; a charge of 500 g of gunpowder 4/1, an initial speed of 390 m/s, a maximum range of 7710 m [3].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Documentation is known that regulates the staffing of ammunition for regimental guns in the troops with captured 75- and 76-mm cumulative shells.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The maximum elevation angle of the gun was 24.5°, which limited the maximum range of fire.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

However, the firing tables indicate the maximum range at an elevation angle of 40° - to fire at this elevation angle, it was necessary to tear off a special rovik under the trunk of the machine, which required significant time to prepare the firing position and made it difficult to maneuver with fire [10].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Nomenclature of ammunition [3] [17] [18] TypeIndex Gauves projectile, kgWeight BB, gInitial speed, m/Tabular range, mcaliber armor-piercing projectilesBlunt head with ballistic tip tracer with MD-5UBR-353A6,31553704000 Blunt Head with Localizers and Ballistic Tip Tracer with Fuse MD-5UBR-353B6,51193704000Blunt Head with Ballistic Tip Solid tracer (BR-350B solid) UBR-353SP6,5net3704000Cumulative projectilesSteel cast iron rotating with BM or K-6 fuses (in troops since May 1943) UBP-353A5,28623?


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1000Steel rotating BM fuse (in the troops since the end of 1944) UBP-353M3,94490?


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1000 High-explosive fragmentation projectilesHigh-explosive fragmentation steel long-range grenade with a fuse KTM-1UOF-3536,27103878550 (40°), 7200 (25°) Steel cast iron long-range fragmentation grenade with a KTM - 1UO-353AM6,215403878550 (40°), 7200 (25°) High-explosive fragmentation grenade from BOD OF-343 with KTM-1 and KT-1UOF-353M4,756904207760 fuses (40°) High-explosive old grenade of the Russian model, with fuses KT-3 and KTM- 3UV-353, UV-353M6,18153816700 (40°) F-354 high-explosive old grenade of the Russian model with a turned belt (from BOD), with a fuse ZGTUF-3536,417853656640 (40°) High-explosive old grenade of the Russian model F-354 with turned belt (from BOD), with fuses KT-3 and KTM-3UV-353, UV-353M6,18153656640 (40°) High-explosive steel old French grenade with fuses AD, AD-2, AD-NUF-353F6,417853816700 (40°), 5900 (25°) Bullet shrapnel shrapnel with tube 22 sec.USH-3536.585 (weight of the expeller charge), 260 puls3816700 (40°), 5200 (by tube) Bullet shrapnel with SHOWER tube-353D6,4485 (weight of the expelling charge), 260 puls3816700 (40°), 5200 (by tube) Hartz shrapnel with Sh-354G capes with a tube 22 sec.?


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

6.5885 (weight of the expelling charge) 3814800 Rod shrapnel Sh-361 with tube T-3UGUSH-R2-3536,6184 (weight of the expelling charge) 3686800 (40°) Buckshot buckshot 353?


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

549 bullets?


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

200Smoke projectilesSmoke steel cast ironaud-350A6,4566 TNT+380 yellow phosphorus??


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Chemical fragmentation projectilesChemical fragmentation projectilesOH-353M6.25???


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Armor penetration table for 76 mm regimental gun mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927 [18] Blunt caliber armor-piercing projectile BR-350Adality, mAt an encounter angle of 60°, mmAt an encounter angle of 90°, mm1002834250273350025317502429100023281500212620002024The above data relate to Soviet method of measuring penetration ability (Jacob de Marr's formula for cemented armor with a coefficient K = 2400).


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

It should be remembered that armor penetration rates can vary markedly when using different batches of projectiles and different armor manufacturing technology.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Project evaluation


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In modern military-historical literature, there are various assessments of the gun, both sharply critical [10] and positive [4].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Critical publications point to the general obsolescence of the gun design, which is essentially the development of the Dangleese mountain cannon, the first design of which was developed back in 1893.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Also, the shortcomings are the small angle of elevation of the gun (24.5°) and the presence of unitary loading, which did not allow hinged firing, as well as significant weight for the regimental gun systems.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Positive publications note the simplicity, reliability, manufacturability and cheapness of the gun, the significant firing range for a regimental gun, as well as the fact of using it for mounted shooting in the regimental link of the Red Army 120-mm mortars, which made the impossibility of conducting hinged fire with regimental guns not such a critical drawback.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The general obsolescence of the gun design by the end of the 1930s and the need to replace it with a new, more modern model is not questioned [4].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Foreign analogues of the 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model are represented by German, Italian and Japanese guns.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

CharacteristicsOp.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927. Arr.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1943 Le.I.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

G.18I.G.37I.G.42Obice da 75/18Type 92CountryPurpose and typeregimental cannonregimental cannoninfantry gun infantry gunvision howitzbattalion howitzCaliber, mm/barrel length, klb.76.2/ 16.576.2/19.475/11.875/22.475/22.475/22.475/1870/10.3 Mass in combat position, kg780 or 9036004005105951050212 Maximum range of fire, M7100420035505150515095642788Maximum angle of HV, deg. 24.5257524404575Maximum angle GN, deg.5.5601158785045Mass of high-explosive fragmentation projectile, kg6,26,26,05,455,456,43.76


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

German infantry guns of close caliber, which were analogues of Soviet regimental guns, were represented by three systems during the Second World War.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The most common was the 7.5 cm leichtes Infanteriegeschütz 18 75 mm light infantry gun, adopted in 1927.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Compared to the regimental gun arr.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927, the German gun was twice as light (which made it possible to carry it with a pair of horses), had a separate sleeve loading and a vertical guidance angle (HV) of 75 degrees, which made it possible to lead effective mounted fire [10].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The carriage of the German gun, like the Soviet one, was single-beam, but the horizontal guidance angle (GN) of the German gun was more than twice as large as that of the Soviet gun.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The Soviet gun is supported by a longer maximum firing range and a wide range of various types of ammunition.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The German 7.5 cm Infanteriegeschütz 42 and 7.5 cm Infanteriegeschütz 37 guns were created in 1943, were light guns on carriages with sliding beds.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Moreover, to create I.G.37, the Germans used carriages of outdated 37-mm anti-tank guns, both their own Pak 35/36 and captured Soviet 1-K (3.7 cm Pak 158 (r)) [19].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The guns had separate loading, the VN angle close to the Soviet gun and a much larger GN angle, were 200-300 kg lighter than the Soviet gun [10].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The Soviet gun significantly exceeded these German models in terms of firing range, range of ammunition, and also favorably distinguished itself by the absence of a muzzle brake, the action of which unmasked gun when shooting.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

The Italian 75 mm divisional howitzer Obice da 75/18, originally created as a mountain gun, surpassed the Soviet gun in terms of maximum firing range, GN and VN angles.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

However, the Italian howitzer had a mass of 150 kilograms more, approaching it to the classic divisional guns (for comparison, the mass of the Soviet 76 mm divisional gun ZIS-3 is 1,150 kg), which made it difficult to move it by calculation [20].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

A very interesting weapon was the Japanese 70-mm battalion howitzer Type 92.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

This gun surpassed the Soviet one in the corners of the VN and GN, and was extremely light — only 212 kg [21].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

However, such a record low value was achieved by using a very light projectile weighing only 3.76 kg, which was quite close to the mass of Soviet-caliber ammunition of 45 mm.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Accordingly, the effectiveness of Japanese 70-mm shells was much inferior to Soviet 76-mm ammunition.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In addition, the Japanese gun had weak ballistics - its maximum firing range did not reach even 3 km.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

When comparing guns mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927 with the gun that replaced it in production — the 76 mm regimental gun mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1943 — it can be noted that the gun mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1943, at the same angle, the HV has a much larger GN angle, lighter by 250-300 kg, but at the same time it has a much shorter maximum firing range, close in value to a similar characteristic German infantry guns.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Thus, the mobility of the gun, determined by its mass, was given priority over the long range of fire, which, in the conditions of the specifics of the use of regimental guns, rarely turned out to be in demand [10].


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Preserved specimens


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

76 mm regimental gun mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927 can be seen in the expositions of the Museum of Artillery and Engineering Troops in St. Petersburg, the Central Museum of the Armed Forces and the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War in Moscow, the military history in the village of Padikovo (Moscow Region), at the Battle Glory of the Urals Museum in Verkhnyaya Pyshma (Sverdlovsk Region), at the Finnish Artillery Museum in St. Hämeenlinna, in the Museum of the Polish Army in Warsaw, at the Military Museum in Belgrade, in front of the Officers House in Kiev.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In g. Valdai, Novgorod Region, by the eternal flame, in the form of a monument.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In the city of Birsk in the form


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

2 monuments in Sokolok Park (a monument to participants of the Civil War).


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In Brest, there is the 5th fort of the Brest Fortress in the museum.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

At least one copy in deactivated condition is offered for sale by the Czech company Zeleny Sport.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

A tool in the gaming industry


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Unlike tanks, a variety of models of artillery weapons is found in a very limited number of computer games.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

In particular, the regimental gun mod.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

1927 can be seen in domestic strategy games Stalingrad, Black Pea Jackets, Sudden Strike, in the tank simulator Steel Rage, as well as in the foreign game Combat Mission.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

It is worth noting that the reflection of the peculiarities of using the gun in these games is far from reality.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

This weapon is also presented in the wargame “The Art of War. Kursk Bulge”.


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Notes


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Literature


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

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Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

References


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

on YouTube


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Category:Regimental artillery


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Category:Soviet artillery during World War II


Question: What is the mass of a 76 mm regimental gun of the 1927 model of the year?

76 mm regimental gun M1927

Category:76mm artillery


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19 (290 D 26) (Russian: Magirus 232 D 19 (290 D 26) [1] [2]) are construction trucks manufactured by the German automobile manufacturer Magirus-Deutz, originally a subsidiary of Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG (KHD) joint-stock company, and Iveco concern since January 1, 1975.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The trucks were designed to work in difficult climatic and bad road conditions [3].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In 1975-76, they were supplied to the USSR as part of the so-called “Delta Project” for work on the construction of BAM, and other facilities in the Far East and Siberia (gas and oil fields of Tomsk, Tyumen regions and which are part of the second Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), the Kola Peninsula (mines of the Apatit PA in the Khibiny) and Northern Kazakhstan [4] [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Compared to Soviet cars, the Magiruses had higher dynamic qualities, good operational and economic indicators, were comfortable and easy to drive in any climatic and road conditions [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

History


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Established in Ulm on March 10, 1866 by Konrad Dietrich Magirus, Feuerwehr-Requisiten-Fabrik C.D. Magirus, originally specialized in the production of inventory and equipment for firefighters teams.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In 1903, the first fire truck was mounted on a purchased chassis driven by a steam engine.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In 1911, in order to raise capital, the company was re-registered as a joint-stock company and changed its name to “C.D. Magirus AG”.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

By 1917, under the guidance of engineer Heinrich Bushman, its own production of automobile chassis and engines was mastered and the production of 3C-V110 trucks began (3 - carrying capacity 3 tons, C ( Cardano) — with propeller shaft, V110 — cylinder diameter 110 mm) [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

As a result of the global economic crisis, the company was on the verge of bankruptcy and in 1936 was bought out by the Cologne joint-stock company Humboldt-Deutzmotoren AG, but did not have a sufficient market for its products) [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

After World War II, water-cooled engines on cars and buses manufactured by what was now Magirus-Deutz (since 1938 a subsidiary of Klöckner - Humboldt-Deutz AG (KHD)) were gradually replaced by new air-cooled engines.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Since 1948, almost all Magirus-Deutz products have been equipped only with such engines, which, along with the brand's logo — the stylized silhouette of Ulm Cathedral and the letter “M”, returned to cars in 1949, a signature feature of the Magirus over the next few decades [5] [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In the 1950s and 60s, the company successfully developed, supplying its products both to the domestic German market (about 20% of the country's fleet) and for export.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Models ranging from 70-horsepower three-ton trucks to 290-horsepower models with a carrying capacity of 17.5 tons were in production, bonnet (German: Hauber) - with the engine located in front of the driver's cab, and bonnetless (German: Frontlenker) — with an engine under the cab, with diesel in-line — or Deutz V-engines.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

On the Magirusov chassis were produced: buses, fire trucks, concrete mixer trucks, concrete pumps, truck tractors, utility vehicles (garbage trucks, snowplows, cleaners roadway), etc.; but the main production was construction machines — dump trucks and onboard trucks [5].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

By the early 1970s, the situation at Magirus-Deutz had deteriorated significantly due to increasing competition, the cost of building a new car plant in Ulm and the need for investment in design new models of medium carrying capacity.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

For these reasons, in the second half of 1974, KHD withdrew Magirus-Deutz from its composition into a separate company, which on January 1, 1975 was transferred to the organization organized by the Italian concern FIAT international automobile manufacturer IVECO.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In parallel with these actions, on October 2, 1974, KHD representatives signed a contract in Moscow, worth about 1.1 billion German marks, with the Soviet Avtoexport for the supply of about 9 500 Magirus 232 D 19 and Magirus 290 D 26 heavy dump trucks and flatbed trucks.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

These models were export versions of KHD products and were not supplied to the German domestic market.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

By January 1, 1975, the first batch of Bamov Magirus was ready to be sent to the Soviet Union.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

As a result of this, the largest in the company's history, and other export transactions in 1975, exports accounted for 70% of Magirus-Deutz's total production, and the company ranked second among German truck manufacturers [5] [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Vehicle modifications for the Soviet Union


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Despite the fact that by the end of the 60s and early 70s, most of the leading Western European competitor manufacturers (Daimler-Benz, MAN) began to completely switch to the production of cabover models trucks, Magirus-Deutz, which also had this type in its program, in early 1971 for “conservative” customers who preferred to have a “safety zone” in the event of an accident, introduced to the automotive market a new generation of trucks — “construction bulls” (German: Baubullen), which had a classic engine location — in front of the driver's cab.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

This model range also included trucks exported to the USSR in 1975-76 [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The bulk of supplies to the USSR were Magirus 290 D 26 flatbed and dump trucks, as well as Magirus 232 D 19.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition, the Magirus 290 D 26 chassis was supplied with: truck tractors with pipe semi-trailers, received the designation 290 D 26 S; concrete mixer trucks with a capacity of 6.5 m³ manufactured by the company; vans- car repair shops for the repair of Magirus (to increase the workshop area, the van moved apart to a width of 3.75 m), equipped by the company, and car repair vans and equipment of the company for repair construction equipment, which were additionally equipped with trailers with diesel power plants and air compressors.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

On the Magirus 232 D 19 chassis, Orenstein & Koppel car repair vans were supplied for the repair and refueling of lubrication equipment.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Part of the order for more powerful KHD tractors was transferred to FAUN, which used Deutz engines on its cars [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Cars supplied under the 1974 contract had a bright orange color — unusual for Soviet trucks, but standard for German utility vehicles; car repair vans were painted bright red [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus 290 D 26 S tractors


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Wheel formula — 6x4.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Carrying capacity — 24 tons.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

three-axle semi-trailer with Klaus Multiparking crane unit for transporting large diameter pipes up to 24 meters in length.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The total length is 29.5 meters [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

FAUN tractors


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

FAUN HZ 36.40/45 (HZ 34.30/41):


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The wheel formula is 6x4 and (6x6).


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Carrying capacity — 60 tons.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The Deutz engine is 380 and 320 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

respectively, type F 12L 413, diesel, V-type, 4-stroke, 12-cylinder, direct injection and air cooling.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

16-speed gearbox.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

three-axle low-bed trawl semi-trailer (with crane installation) for transporting pipes up to 38 meters.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition to Deutz engines, FAUN tractors were also equipped with Magirus driver's cabins [4] [6].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Cabin


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Due to the unification of production, all new bonnet Magirus had completely identical cabins, engine compartments (hoods), front lining and fenders of the front wheels.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Depending on the engine to be installed, only the hood length varied: 1,036 mm for the 8-cylinder engine on the Magirus 232 D 19, 1,200 mm for the 10-cylinder on the Magirus 290 D 26.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The cabins of the Bamov Magirus were three-seater, all-metal, thermal-noise-insulated, with panoramic three-layer windshields and adjustable ergonomic seats for drivers [5] [4] [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The driver's cab was attached to the frame: in front with two brackets and rubber cushions, at the rear - on a rubber cushion in the center of the support arc attached perpendicular to the frame spars.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition, for a smoother swing of the cabin while driving through irregularities, two hydraulic shock absorbers were installed at the rear on each side of it [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The edges of the wings of the Magirusov front wheels had protective rubber coatings, round turn indicator lamps and spring “antennas” were mounted on the wings, which served as a designation of dimensions of the car and visible to the driver from his seat.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Unlike the standard configuration, which assumed only two front rectangular lighting headlights placed in the bumper, but structurally independent of it (in case of slight deformation bumpers for some reason, the headlights retained the direction of the light), the Bamov Magirus had four headlights - an additional two round, fixed on top of the bumper.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

All four headlights were covered with protective grilles.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Another difference between the Magirus assembled for the Soviet Union and standard models was the presence of two vertical air intakes along the front corners of the cabin, the need for which was caused the operating conditions of trucks almost off paved roads [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Heating system


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

To heat the cabin, two autonomous “stoves” were installed - Webasto heating and ventilation units, operating on diesel fuel, with a separate tank for 2-2.5 liters of fuel, which, depending on the outside temperature, was enough to heat for two to eight hours when the engine was not running.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

One of the heaters was located under the cabin at the right footboard, the other was fixed outside the rear of the cabin on the left side member of the frame, and it was also used to heat the batteries.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

During the operation of the car, the cabin could also be heated from the engine [5] [4] [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Steering


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus's steering was equipped with a hydraulic booster and consisted of: a steering column with a shaft and a wheel, a power booster with a pump, a fluid tank, a booster pipeline, a steering gear type screw-nut, bipod, longitudinal and transverse tie rods.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The steering column could be infinitely variable in height (40 mm) and inclination (10°).


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The power steering took up to 80% of the effort required to turn the front wheels of the car.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The power steering pump, installed at the rear of the engine and rotated by the gear of the fuel pump drive, at 800 rpm and a pressure of 100 kgf/cm², provided 12 liters of oil to a minute.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The steering column was connected by means of two cardan joints to the steering gear fixed on the left side member of the frame above the front spring.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The steering gear housing was also a power steering cylinder at the same time.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

There were several valves in the crankcase that controlled the amplifier: a control valve for supplying oil to the high-pressure cavity of the power steering cylinder, in the control valve a safety valve designed to relieve overloads in the hydraulic booster, two valves for disconnecting the amplifier when the steering gear is in the extreme left or right positions.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

From the steering gear to the levers of the swivel trunnions of the front wheels, the rotational force was transmitted by means of a bipod, longitudinal and transverse rods.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The longitudinal link was a hollow rod with ball joints at the ends.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

It connected the steering bipod to the lever of the left wheel swivel trunnion.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The transverse rod is the same hollow rod that connects the levers of the swivel trunnions of the left and right wheels.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The maximum angle of rotation of the front wheels was 42° [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

drivetrain


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

To improve cross-country ability in difficult road conditions, all cars were equipped with six-speed gearboxes, planetary gearboxes in the wheel hubs and lockable differentials, while three-axle trucks blocked not only the axle shafts, but also both driving axles — intermediate and rear axles [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Gearbox


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The AK-6-90 gearbox developed and manufactured by ZF was attached via a single-plate clutch GF 420 KR (friction, dry, with cylindrical pressure springs and remote hydraulic drive) directly to the engine, making up one unit with it, mounted on the frame, and was located under the driver's cab, which led to the high location of the latter compared to previous models of bonnet Magirus.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The gearbox consisted of a crankcase in which shafts (driving, driven and intermediate) with gears and bearings were mounted, as well as a hydraulic lift drive (for a dump truck) from the intermediate shaft, and a cover crankcase in which the gear shift mechanism was mounted.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The maximum torque of the gearbox is 883 Nm.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Gear ratios: I gear — 7.03; II — 4.09; III — 2.45; IV — 1.5; V — 1.0; VI — 0.81; reverse gear — 6.48 [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Leading bridges


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus had an open driveshaft, which was installed in such a way as to ensure minimum angles in the cardan joints when moving bridges when driving and high uniformity of transmission torque on them.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The two-axle Magirus 232 D 19 had one rear drive axle, the three-axle Magirus 290 D 26 - two drive axles - intermediate and rear, forming one common rear trolley.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The axles were a non-detachable hollow beam consisting of a crankcase and semi-axle covers, in which were placed: a single main gear consisting of two bevel gears; a differential, consisting of a differential box, two bevel side gears and four satellites; unloaded semi-axles connected to the sun gears of wheel planetary gearboxes, designed to increase traction on drive wheels.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Structurally, both axles were similar, except that a cylindrical gearbox with a center differential and with the possibility of blocking it was installed on the intermediate axle.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The differential was designed to distribute torque between axles and ensure the operation of axles with different speeds of rotation of the driving wheels when driving on uneven roads [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The locking of the center differential, necessary to prevent one of the axles from slipping, was carried out by a pneumatic drive by pulling the control button of the locking valve located in on the floor on the right side of the driver.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The inter-wheel locking of the differential, which is activated when the right or left drive wheels slip, was carried out immediately for both axles by a remote pneumatic drive, by pulling buttons in the cab located next to the center lock button [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Braking systems


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The cars were equipped with three braking systems: working — on all wheels; parking — on drive wheels; auxiliary — in the exhaust system.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The pneumatic brake drive consisted of four independent circuits: front wheel drive, rear wheels (trolley) and trailer drive, parking brake drive, auxiliary control drive brake.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The operating air pressure is 7-8 kgf/cm², the minimum pressure required for the brakes is 4.5-5 kgf/cm² [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The working brake system of the wheels was a drum-type mechanism with two double-acting internal pads driven by wedge expanding devices [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The rear wheel parking brake system consisted of a hand brake valve located in the driver's cab to the right of his seat and brake chambers with spring-loaded energy accumulators located on the body of the working brake chambers [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The operation of the auxiliary compression-type motor brake was based on the use of back pressure energy in the gas exhaust system.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Back pressure was created in the exhaust gas pipeline of the engine by means of throttle valves, which were driven by pneumatic cylinders and blocked the through holes.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The auxiliary brake was activated by the pneumatic crane button located on the cab floor under the steering column.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The use of an auxiliary brake reduced the possibility of the car skidding and overturning [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Pneumatic brake actuator equipment


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Pneumatic equipment of the brake drive serves to create a reserve of air in the brake systems and bring them into action if necessary.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The following pneumatic equipment was installed on the cars:


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

a piston-type compressor (single-cylinder) located in the front of the engine and driven by a crankshaft pulley, supplying air to the pneumatic system, sucked in from the right engine intake manifold;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

air tanks mounted on the left side member of the car frame and designed to create a reserve of compressed air pumped by the compressor (the Magirus 290 D 26 model had three tanks with a total with a volume of 94 liters);


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

automatic regulator located on the left side member of the car frame and maintaining the air pressure in the air tanks in the range of 6.5-7.2+0.3 kgf/cm²;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

evaporative type fuse against condensate freezing, turned on at an ambient temperature below+5°, in which ethyl denatured ethyl was used as a working fluid alcohol, which absorbed moisture from the air of the pneumatic system and turned it into non-freezing condensate;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

automatic drain valve, which operates when the pressure in the system drops below 1.5 kgf/cm², through which non-freezing condensate was discharged;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

four-circuit safety valve designed to disconnect one of the circuits of the pneumatic actuator in case of damage [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Undercarriage


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus chassis, classic for trucks, is a frame consisting of two longitudinal spars of variable cross-section (with reinforcing inserts) connected by six traverses, with fixed on it front and rear axle dependent suspensions with wheels and tires [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Rama


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus frame parts are stamped and interconnected by rivets or by welding.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

On the brackets connected to the frame by bolts, the following are fixed: engine, clutch, gearbox, cab, body or superframe, suspension parts, controls and other units.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

A buffer was attached to the front of the spars, a towing hitch to the rear crossbar, a device for flatbed trucks with double-sided shock absorption for long-term towing of trailers, for dump trucks - a device for short-term towing, which does not provide for the possibility of damping dynamic shocks and shocks [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Pendant


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The Magirus had dependent suspensions on four semi-elliptical springs.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The front suspension consists of two longitudinal springs with two, for each spring, rubber deflection limiters and two double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Each spring consisted of ten sheets connected by one center bolt and four clamps.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The front edge of the main leaf was attached to a fixed bracket on the frame, the rear edge to the swinging earring.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The front axle beam was rigidly attached to the springs using four ladders [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The rear suspension of the three-axle Magirus 290 balance type consisted of: two longitudinal inverted semi-elliptical springs, ten sheets of each of which were fastened with one center bolt and two clamps; the balancer shaft and two supports for it located on the frame spars, springs were also attached to these supports with their middle part; beams of the intermediate and rear axles attached to the ends springs; jet rods that connected the axles to the frame and perceived the forces from the reactive and braking torques and transmitted the pushing force to the frame (the four lower jet rods connected the beams axles with brackets of the balancer shaft supports, the upper two - axle gearbox cases with brackets on the fifth crossbar of the frame); a limiter (cable) for vertical movement of the rear axle to exclude the possibility of hitting the propeller shaft by the balancer shaft [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Front axle


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The front axle is a steel I-beam with a bend in the middle down for the possibility of a lower installation of the engine, along the edges with platforms for attaching the front springs.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The beam was pivotally connected by means of kingpins to swivel trunnions with hubs with brake drums.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The transverse inclination of the kingpins was 4°±10', the longitudinal slope was 3°±15', the camber angle of the wheels was 1°30'±25', the convergence was 0-4 mm.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The steering force was transmitted to the left swivel trunnion by means of a lever connected to the longitudinal tie rod, to the right trunnion - the transverse rod from the left.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The maximum angle of rotation of the front wheels was 42° and was limited by two protrusions on the axle beam [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Wheels and tires


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The Magirus had disc wheels with removable side rings.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The rear wheels are gable, the front wheels are single-pitched.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

All wheels were interchangeable, attached to the hubs with ten self-locking nuts.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magiruses were equipped with radial chamber tires with a universal tread pattern from Continental.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

To reduce tire wear and improve handling, the wheels were balanced with weights attached to the rim.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The recommended pressure in the front tires is 6.5 kgf/cm², in the rear tires - 6.0 kgf/cm², the deviation from the norm is no more than 0.2 kgf/cm² [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Onboard and dump platforms


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Depending on the purpose, the Magirus were equipped with onboard or dump platforms.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The side platforms, made of wood, had a two-layer base and were attached directly to the truck frame.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The sides and rear sides were opening.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Internal dimensions of the platforms: Magirus 232 D 19 L — 4.3 × 2.3 × 1.0 m, Magirus 290 D 26 L — 4.6 × 2.40 × 0.6 m. The bodies were manufactured by Kögel [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

To perform quarrying and transportation of other bulk materials with the possibility of their independent unloading, the main part of the Magirus was equipped with dump platforms, which consisted of three main structural units: the body itself, a hydraulic lift for unloading back and a superframe, which was attached to the frame and served to strengthen it and as a basis for attaching the body, lift, oil tank and other units.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Dump trucks were equipped with the bodies of companies, and Kögel.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Fourteen-ton Magirus 290 D 26 K dump trucks had quarry bodies (without tailgate) with a volume of 11 m³.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The lifting angle of the body was 60°, the lifting time was 16-18 seconds, the height of the raised body was almost 7 meters.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The volume of the hydraulic system of the lifting mechanism was 48 liters [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus 232 D 19 K had two body modifications: a quarry with a volume of 7.2 m³ and a tailgate body with a volume of 8 m³.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

On these dump trucks, the exhaust gas system was designed in such a way that the exhaust gases passed through the cavities in the stiffeners of the body, which prevented freezing to the bottom and sides of the body of the transported bulk materials (soil, sand) in case of their high humidity [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Comparison table of those.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

characteristics of construction trucks,


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

operated in the USSR in the second half of the 70s [3] [7] [8] TruckWheeled


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

FormulaEngine power


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

in hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

System


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

cooling


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Engine consumption


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

fuel


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

for 100 kmCargo-


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

LiftMax.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

SpeedM 232 D 194×2232 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

at 2650 rev/minAir


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

cooling20 l10 tons77 km/hm 290 D 266×4290 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

at 2650 rpm air26 l14.5 tons73 km/hTatra-148S36x6212 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

at 2000 rpm air32 l16 tons80 km/hMAZ 5034 × 2180 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

at 2100 rpm liquid


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

cooling 28 l7 tons70 km/Chkamaz 55116×4210 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

at 2600 rpm liquid30 l10 tons90 km/chKraz 256B6×4240 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

at 2100 rpm liquid38 l12 tons62 km/h


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Air cooled diesel engines


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The first air-cooled engine


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The first air-cooled diesel engine, on the basis of which all subsequent models were developed, including for the Bamov Magirus, was designed by Deutz engineers in 1943 order of the Wehrmacht based on the F 4 <b data-parsoid='{"dsr":[32649,32656,3,3]}'>M 513, its own 4-cylinder in-line diesel engine, but with water cooling.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The requirement for the engine was reliable operation at ambient temperatures from -40°C to +60°C.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Since the fall of 1944, a new engine went into production, which received the designation F 4 <b data-parsoid='{"dsr":[32952,32959,3,3]}'>L 514, in which, in addition to air cooling, vortex cameras.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

As a result, fuel consumption, temperature load on the cylinder block, block head and pistons were reduced by about 10%, and the cold start of the engine improved.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The new Deutz F 4L 514 was installed on the Vostok crawler tractor (German: Raupenschlepper Ost) designed by the Austrian company, which, under license, was produced at Magirus - Deutz was also used in combat operations against the Red Army during the war [5].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Brand name


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

After the unification of production introduced in the second half of the 40s at KHD motor plants, which made it possible to repeatedly use the same parts and assemblies in different designs, Magirus-Deutz was able to offer its customers the widest selection on the German market of both truck models and their motorization.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

At the same time, cars are increasingly equipped with air-cooled diesel engines [5].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In the middle of the 20th century, liquid cooling, compared to air cooling, had a number of drawbacks: the engine coolant produced at that time was suitable for use only one winter season; the use of water as a cooler in autumn and spring was associated with the risk of defrosting the engine, which was expensive to repair; and water and coolant, being aggressive liquid in relation to the materials from which the engine cooling systems were made caused corrosion of the system, which led to frequent cases of damage to it.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The use of air cooling eliminated all these shortcomings and simplified the design of the engine.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition, a faster set of operating temperature by the engine contributed to a decrease in wear on the cylinder walls, that is, a longer service life of the engine.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The weight of the engines, depending on the type, decreased by 70 to 150 kilograms [5].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Since 1948, almost all Magirus-Deutz products have been equipped with air-cooled engines, which have since become a kind of brand name.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In 1953-54, only 2% of the total number of Deutz engines produced were water-cooled and were used mainly in the production of railway locomotives, generators, water pumps and other units [5].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Since 1968, production began at the new engine plant built in Ulm in the immediate vicinity of the car assembly plant (before that, all engines for the Magirus-Deutz were supplied from Cologne) engines that had model number 4 (Deutz FL 413), which were also installed on the Bamov Magirus [5] [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

FL 413 Technical Specifications and Description


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Deutz FL 413 diesel engines were: 4-stroke, direct injection, V-shaped, with a camber angle between the cylinders of 90°.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The design features of the engines were: air cooling, an original working process with parietal-film mixture formation, reliable thermal control and start-up systems.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The engines had high power, high efficiency, good maintainability, high rigidity and compactness of the design [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The 413 were a modification of the Deutz FL 312, the same V-shaped direct injection engines, which in turn replaced the type 6 vortex chamber engine developed in the first half of the 50s.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Compared to the FL 312, in the new engines, due to an increase in the piston stroke (from 120 to 125 (130) mm) and the cylinder diameter (from 115 to 120 mm), the engine displacement (the displacement of one cylinder was 1412 cm³) and, accordingly, its power, which was not least due to the existing legislation in Germany regulating the ratio of engine power to total the permissible weight of the car is 6 hp.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

/ton since 1957 and 8 hp


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

/ton since 1972.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Almost only in the 10-cylinder F 10L 413, the piston stroke length corresponded to the marking, all other engines of this type, 6-, 8- and 12-cylinder, had a piston stroke of 125 mm [5] [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition to increasing the working volume, FL 413 received: a double fine oil filter for the main oil line and an additional centrifugal filter, increased from 10 to 16 liters in volume oil sump, combined paper air filter with cyclone dust collector, forged pistons, phosphated cylinder liners, ferro-oxidized valve tappers and other innovations, contributing to an increase in the service life of engines.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Almost all engine parts from the FL 413 standard range from 6- to 12-cylinder, such as connecting rods, pushers, nozzles, bushings, keys, etc. were identical, which simplified the process of repairing engines and ordering spare parts [4].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Crank mechanism


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus 232 D 19 were equipped with 8-cylinder, Magirus 290 D 26 - 10-cylinder engines.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The cylinder jackets were made, like the crankcases, of cast iron.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Cylinder heads were made of alloys of light (aluminum) metals.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The cylinders were separate interchangeable — during repair they could be changed separately, on the outside with a ribbed surface to increase the cooling area [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The main parts of the FL 413 crank mechanism are crankcase, cylinders, cylinder heads, pistons with rings and piston pins, connecting rods, crankshaft, flywheel and crankcase pan.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The crankcase was divided into compartments in which cylinders of the right and left rows were installed.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The lower end parts had thick-walled arches — the main supports of the crankshaft.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Above them were supports with bearings for the camshaft, which was located in the upper part of the engine, between the collapse of the cylinders.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

From below, the crankcase was closed by a pan — an oil tank [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Each cylinder had three longitudinal through holes for fastening it together with the cylinder head by means of studs through adjusting and sealing rings into the seat on the crankcase.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The nominal size of the cylinder liner is 120.0+0.035 mm, the first repair is 120.5+0.040 mm, the second repair is 121.0+0.040 mm.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The cylinder heads, like the cylinders themselves, are separate, with inlet and outlet holes for the location of the nozzle, for the sockets of the plug-in seats and valve guides.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In the lower mating, carefully ground surface of each head, there was a recess for the combustion chamber with a height of 7.3+0.1 mm.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

For tightness, cast-iron sealing rings were installed between the cylinders and heads.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The pistons were made of a high-silicon aluminum alloy, and in their thick-walled bottom there was a chamber for pariwall-film mixture formation.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Four rings were installed in the piston head: three compression rings and one oil scraper.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The head had a smaller diameter than the skirt.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition, the piston skirt had the shape of an ellipse in cross section.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The nominal diameter of the piston is 119.89-0.02 mm [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The FL 413 ringed shaft had a design feature — in order to reduce weight, the connecting rod journals were made hollow.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In these cavities, additional cleaning of the engine oil took place - mud particles were thrown by centrifugal force into the mud traps located in the pressed oil guide sleeves, and the cleaned oil was supplied to the connecting rod bearings.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The cast-iron carefully balanced engine flywheel was attached to the end of the crankshaft.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

On the other hand, the gearbox drive shaft and clutch were attached to it [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Gas distribution mechanism


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The main parts of the FL 413 valve type gas distribution mechanism with overhead valves: camshaft forged from steel with heat-treated to increase wear resistance and carefully ground cams and support journals; pushers made of steel in the form of a glass with an expanded bottom plate, welded with special cast iron of high wear resistance and sliding on the camshaft cam; rods — seamless steel tubes with wear-resistant tips prohibited on both sides; stamped steel rocker arms with long and short arms resting on valve stem and through the adjusting screw to the rod tip; valves made of high-alloy steel with saddles made of special heat-resistant cast iron, with a chamfer angle of the plate of 45°; springs — two per valve; guide bushings pressed into cylinder heads [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The rotational motion of the camshaft was transmitted from the crankshaft through the gear.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The duty cycle in all cylinders of the engine took place in two revolutions of the crankshaft = one revolution of the distribution shaft.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

For each of the cylinders, two cams were located on the camshaft, the same for the intake and exhaust valves, which opened and closed as follows: the intake valve opened at 20° before the piston arrived in the TDC, and closed 54° after the piston passed the NMT; the exhaust valve opened 66° before the piston arrived in the NMT, and closed 22° after the piston passed the TDC.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

A gap was established between the valve stem and the rocker arm when the engine was cold (0.2 mm for the intake engine, 0.3 mm for the exhaust engine), which compensated for the elongation of the valve stem when heated, preventing violation of the tightness of the valve seat in the socket [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Cooling system


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The average duty cycle temperature of the FL 413 engine was 880-900 °C.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

To maintain the engine in optimal working condition, as well as eliminate the possibility of jamming pistons, burning out lubricant, smelting bearings or any other damage to the engine, in Magirus an automatic forced air cooling system was used, with the help of which the engine temperature, determined by temperature sensors in the cylinder heads, was kept in the range of 170-175° C.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The oil temperature in the engine lubrication system, determined by the temperature sensor in the oil filter housing, was kept within 115—120° C.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The sensor was connected to a red emergency lamp, which was located in the warning light unit on the instrument panel in the driver's cab and came on if the permissible maximum temperatures.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

To control the temperature in the cylinder heads, there were two dial indicators on the instrument panel with graduated scales of gray and red colors, and in the control lamp unit there was another emergency a red warning light that was connected to a third sensor in one of the cylinder heads [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The engine was equipped with automatic regulation of the thermal regime, which took into account three temperature parameters: oil in the engine lubrication system; cooling air when leaving the air path after contact with heated parts of the engine; exhaust gases.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The engine air cooling system consisted of: a multi-blade fan with a hydraulic drive (a hydraulic coupling that automatically increases or decreases the speed depending on engine temperature and the amount of oil supplied under pressure to its blades, which, for example, could increase with an increase in the speed of rotation of the crankshaft or a decrease in viscosity at high temperatures); thermostat — a thermostatic rod made of a special alloy and having a constant linear expansion coefficient installed in the right exhaust air pipeline and controlling the operating mode of the hydraulic coupling by acting on the valve that regulates the oil supply to the hydraulic coupling; oil and air pipelines; linings, partitions and guides deflectors used to direct cooling air to the ribbed surfaces of cylinders and their heads [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Power systems


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Engine start-up device


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Lubrication system


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Advantages of Magirus


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Thanks to the effective cleaning of fuel, air and oil, reliable power supply and exhaust gas systems, a high compression ratio of the fuel mixture, the Magirus achieved a high liter capacity and minimum specific fuel consumption.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus engines, especially in the conditions of harsh Siberian winters, had significant advantages over other engines of a similar class, and in particular water-cooled engines built at that time:


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

compared to water-cooled engines, the number of faults (leakage of the radiator and pipelines, failures in the operation of the thermostat, etc.) decreased by up to 20%, the possibility of freezing the engine, ensured the best starting qualities, without preheating at ambient temperature up to -15° C, and using the engine start facilitation device - up to -25 °C;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

a higher average temperature of the cylinders of a running engine contributed to a less rapid formation of carbon deposits on the walls of the combustion chamber and, accordingly, a decrease in the loss of the initial capacity;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

lower engine weight contributed to its faster warm-up and, accordingly, reduced wear of parts of the crank mechanism;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

cylinders and cylinder heads were separate and interchangeable, which was more convenient for repair;


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

the location of the camshaft, high-pressure fuel pump and fan drive shaft with hydraulic coupling in the camshaft between the cylinders provided convenient access for maintenance and repair [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Compared to Soviet cars, the Magiruses had higher dynamic qualities, good operational and economic indicators, were comfortable and easy to drive in any climatic and road conditions.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

They had design features: powerful air-cooled diesel engines with automatic adjustment of the thermal regime, unsynchronized six-speed gearboxes, efficient systems heating and ventilation of driver's cabins, parking brakes with spring energy accumulators.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

In addition, three-axle trucks were equipped with center and inter-wheel locking of differentials, on intermediate axles — with cylindrical gearboxes (instead of transfer cases).


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Most of the units and assemblies used at Magirus were structurally significantly different from those produced in the Soviet automotive industry and were somewhat more complex than domestic analogues [1].


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Masters in literature and art


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19 and 290 D 26 cars are shown in Arkady Cordon's film “Sentenced”


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Gallery


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

F 10L 413 engine.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Cylinders and end face of exhaust gas outlet


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus-Deutz car cab.


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

View from the driver's seat


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Car cabin shock absorber


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Masters at the annual meeting in Neustadt am Aisch


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Car brake system air tanks


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Two Generations Captic Magirus


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Car cab (turn and size indicators)


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Buses Magirus-Deutz to Neustadt an Aisch


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

The emblem “300 000 without overhaul” on the front lining of Magirus


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Magirus on the street in Germany


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Notes


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Literature


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

References


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Category:Magirus-Deutz


Question: What is the mass of Magírus-Deutz 232 D 19?

Magirus-Deutz 232 D 19

Category:Trucks


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Count Pyotr Petrovich Lassie (Lassie, Lessia) [1] (English: Pierce Edmond de Lacy, Peadar de Lása; —) was one of the most successful commanders of Russia in the 18th century.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The Irishman was born, in 1700 he entered the Russian service and by 1736 rose to the rank of Field Marshal General.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Father of Austrian Field Marshal Franz Moritz Lassi.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Origins and youth


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

He came from the ancient Norman family Lacy, Lassy, which has long settled in Ireland [2].


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

At the age of 13, Peter joined the Jacobites and took part, with the rank of lieutenant, in the defense of Limerick against the Williamites.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

At the end of the war between the two kings, Count Lucan emigrated with his supporters to France, where they were made up of the so-called. An Irish squad in which Peter Lassie was enlisted as a private.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

For in France, the young man was not recognized as British officer dignity.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The brothers of the future Field Marshal died in the wars of Louis XIV, and he himself, having earned his first officer rank in 1697 in the Savoy campaign, joined the Austrians.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Under the command of the Duke of Croix, he participated in a campaign against the Turks and with him entered the Russian service in 1700.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Northern War


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Under the command of Duke de Croix, Peter participated in the Battle of Narva.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1701, after a campaign to Kokengusen and Riga, Field Marshal B.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

P. Sheremetev promoted Lassi to captain and appointed commander of a grenadier company.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1702, he participated with her in the case near Hummelshof; in 1703 he was appointed commander of the “noble company”, was with her on the Livonian campaigns this year, and in 1704 - during the siege and assault of Dorpat.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1705, he was transferred as a major to the regiment of Count Sheremetev and participated in the Grodno operation.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1706, by personal decree of Peter I, he was appointed lieutenant colonel to the newly recruited Kulikov regiment (then the 1st Infantry Nevsky), whom Lassi would become the “eternal chief”.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

He was promoted to colonel for the capture of Bykhov in 1707.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

With the opening of a new campaign against the Swedes (1708), he commanded the Siberian Infantry Regiment and was dangerously wounded in the head while crossing the Desna, but remained in service.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

After Romain's occupation, the tsar appointed Lassi “commandant with regiments and Cossacks, and Romny [Lassi] strengthened them with battles and palisades and, in other ways, managed everything according to the instructions given by His Imperial Majesty ; for which he was granted service to the Grenadier Regiment.”


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Commanding the latter, Lassi took part in the campaign near Reshetilovka and in the Battle of Poltava, where he was seriously wounded for the second time.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1710, he took part in the siege of Riga, and after the capture of Riga he was appointed commandant of the city.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1711, participating in the Prut campaign, he was promoted to foreman.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1713, under the direct command of Peter I, he was in the battle of Friedrichstadt.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

He also took an active part in the siege of Stettin (Szczecin).


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In July 1719, Lassie took part in an expedition to the shores of Sweden.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

After landing with a detachment near Stockholm, Lassi terribly devastated the surroundings.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The production exported by the Russians from this expedition was estimated at one million thalers, and devastation - at 12 million.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The Russian attack on indigenous Sweden broke the last resistance; since that time, peace negotiations have been going on continuously, the Swedes have made almost all the concessions required of them.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Lassie was promoted to lieutenant general in 1720.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

From 1723 to 1725, he was a member of the Military College [3].


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1727, Lassie was sent with the corps of troops to the borders of Courland to prevent Moritz of Saxony, who claimed the vacant throne, to establish himself in the Duchy, and at the same time to prevent Poles have too much influence there.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Lassie acted energetically and quite cleverly and fulfilled his assignment.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

After that, Lassie was left as governor in Livonia.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

War for Polish Succession


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Lassi's military talent was fully manifested with the outbreak of the war for the Polish inheritance.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1733, he was sent as the head of a detachment of 16,000 people sent to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to support Augustus III against Stanislav Leschinsky.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Leszczynski's ousting from Poland highlighted Lassi as a subtle diplomat who was particularly skilled at preparing military enterprises that were associated with difficulties in movement and food armies in wild, sparsely populated places.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The campaign of 1733—34 was just that.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Lassi handed over his affairs for the administration of the province to the father of the future general-in-chief of Völkerzam and, leaving his family for permanent residence in the Riga governor's house, left for the troops.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

He was ordered to enter Poland on August 6.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

He spent July on the final arrangement of the food part, collecting horses, ammunition, etc. Lassie had to get out of a great difficulty: to pass through the country without arming the civilian population against Russia, without looting or robbing.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In addition, the Russian government increased this difficulty by ordering Lassi to pay for everything in Russian money; when the Poles refused to accept it, it ordered to take everything by force, paying in a Russian coin.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In early August, Lassi crossed the border, occupied Kovno on August 19, and Grodno on August 27.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

As Lassi's army approached, the lords left their estates and fled to Warsaw.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The peasantry remained, and the commander-in-chief managed to restrain order in the army so much that the population did not suffer from it.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Shortly after the start of the campaign, Polish nobles, supporters of Russia, began to arrive at him for support and patronage.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

This was useful, because the army was in a difficult situation.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Her movement was slow and heavy.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The army was connected by thaw, and the overflowing rivers and forests were barely passable.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Lassie overcame them and, having relations with pro-Russian magnates, steadily, albeit slowly, sparing the soldiers, moved to Grodno [4].


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Lassi approached Warsaw on September 14, on September 20 he took Prague, the suburb of Warsaw, and on September 22, in the Grokhov tract, the Sejm was assembled under the protection of Russian bayonets, which chose Friedrich - Augustus, Elector of Saxony.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

93 cannon shots from Russian guns heralded this election to Warsaw, which was in the hands of Leschinsky's supporters.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

After transporting troops from Sokhotin, Lassi forced the enemy to retreat to Krakow and on October 5 occupied the capital and its environs with his troops.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

However, discipline in the army was upset due to the fact that all orders and enterprises of Lassi were delayed and spoiled by the intervention of Lowenwolde, the Russian ambassador to Warsaw.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In addition, the government sent an order dated October 30 to hurry with the end of the Polish campaign, report everything more often and act, according to the rescripts sent by Loewenwolde.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Siege of Danzig


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

By the end of 1733, new confederations were formed in northern Poland, and on November 5, Lassi was sent with a 12,000 army against the Confederates and Leszczynski.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

On November 22, he stood near the village of Lovichi, waiting for money and ammunition.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

On January 30, 1734, he was 6 miles from Danzig, and on February 21 he reported to St. Petersburg about the blockade of the city and the location of troops


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

According to Lassie, Danzig, equipped with good artillery, 30 thousand troops, protected by French engineers and a garrison, could not be stormed with such insignificant artillery and army as the one that was at his disposal.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Petersburg did not like his slowness and caution, where they also wanted to fuse Minich; the latter was instructed to accelerate the capture of Danzig.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

At the military council, Lassie was against an immediate attack, but Minich's opinion for the assault triumphed.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Even before him, however, Lassi succeeded in one important venture: he defeated voivode Jan Tarlo, a supporter of Leszchinsky, who was coming to the aid of Danzig, and prevented the French frigate from entering the mouth of the Vistula River.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

During the assault on Danzig, Lassie's huge influence on the soldiers was discovered.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In the assault column, all the officers were killed, and it stopped under the murderous fire of the enemy.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Minich ordered to retreat, but no one obeyed him.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Only Lassie's personal appearance and persuasion worked, and the soldiers retreated fine, of course, with huge damage.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

From the contribution taken from Danzig, Lassie got quite a lot.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

From the money for the “bell ringing”, he received 5,000 rubles, 2,083 chervonets, 2 thalers and 20 pennies.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

On the Rhine


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Polish affairs had not yet been completed when Lassi had a new assignment.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In 1734, the French attacked the Emperor of the First Reich Charles VI, and he, according to the agreement, requested allied assistance from Russia: which was expressed in the parcel of a 13,000-strong army, under the command of Lassi.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Again, he had to lead troops through sparsely populated or poor areas, protecting soldiers from exhaustion, and the population from looting and violence.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The march through Bavaria was especially difficult.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

The ruling Elector Karl Albrecht did not participate in the war, but held pro-French views.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Bavarian representatives said in Vienna that the Elector would not allow the passage of the Russian corps even through the use of force and exit from neutrality.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

To put pressure on the Elector, the imperial authorities even had to hold a military demonstration by withdrawing troops from the Rhine and Inn.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In the end, the Elector conceded.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

Due to lack of food, the march through Ober-Pfalz and Sulzbach was made without days in 4 days.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In Pomol-Ssprung, the Bavarian authorities supplied the hull with fodder and supplies.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

General Lassie reported to St. Petersburg that when passing through Bavaria, “no one was shown any interdiction and madness from anyone and from my team to ordinary people, but standing in Obor- Falskaya land near our way in one and a half thousand saldat, Major General Baron Mirowicki, who came to me, in the name of the princess of Bavaria, for the kind of Her Imperial Majesty when passing thanked his condition and deeds with earth” [5].


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

On August 15-16 (26-27), the corps arrived in Ladenburg and stood up from Ladenburg to Heidelberg.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

On August 18 (29), Prince Eugene of Savoy took the parade of the Russian corps and was pleased with “this so well-managed and well-trained infantry” [6], but the corps did not have to take part in the military actions: the appearance of Russians in Germany forced Austria's enemies to lean towards peace.


Question: When was Peter Lassi born?

Pyotr Lassi

In March 1736, Lassie was in Vienna.