Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

AND. AND. Panayev, recalling Sollogub and his literary fate, wrote: “He lacked the will to stop at something, choose a particular field, a specialty... He wanted at the same time, reach an important administrative position, have importance at the court, play a role in the big world and gain literary authority, without using, however, no effort at all. Carelessly chasing everything, he did not acquire any importance in any of these fields and remained a little writer, a little court, a little secular person and a little official” [13] [2].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

A. ME.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Panaeva left a number of memories about Sollogub's manners and character.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

So, in the early 1840s, he succumbed to the general fashion of wearing a “glass in the eye” and did so by “throwing his head back and looking at everyone majestically, contemptuously.”


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At the same time, Panayeva considered Sollogub, who was distinguished by negligence, “stretching words and a scattered look”, not a stupid person at all [70]:


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

If Sollogub did not break down, he would be a pleasant companion.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

But often he was unbearable, always pretending to be either a Dorpat student or an aristocrat.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In secular society, he boasted of the title of writer, and in literary society - his county.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

... He was, in fact, a kind man; if he was asked to take care of someone, he willingly took up the trouble and rejoiced if he succeeded.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub's character had a good feature — he never conveyed any gossip, while many writers were deprived of this good quality.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

After his marriage, Sollogub went to the other extreme: he became a bursh student, was not ashamed to talk about his bad means of living.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Although most of Sollogub's contemporaries did not have the best opinion about him, the writer had such a quality as the lack of ill-will and jealousy not only for writers, but also for people in general creative.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

So, this was recognized by people and not from among the author's fans.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Panayev wrote [20]:


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The emergence of any new wonderful talent in Russian literature was a holiday for Sollogub.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In Sollogub, there was not the slightest shadow of literary envy or the unpleasant feeling of someone else's success, which, unfortunately, is often found in very talented artists and writers.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub salon


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub probably created his salon in the middle or late 1830s.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In the house of his father-in-law, Count Vielgorsky, on Mikhailovskaya Square, he began to gather a circle of selected listeners to get acquainted with a new work of Russian literature.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In the period from autumn 1844 to 1850, this salon became one of the centers of St. Petersburg's literary and musical life.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The salon ceased its activities due to Sollogub's departure to the Caucasus.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Researcher Nemzer combines it by type with the salon of Odoevsky and defines it as a link “between the “big light” and democratizing literature.”


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Among the guests of the room behind Sollogub's office, which he himself called a “menagerie” with a diverse and entertaining nature of meetings on Wednesdays, included Odoevsky, Vyazemsky, Countess Rostopchina, Gogol, F. AND. Tyutchev, A. ME.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Bulgakov D. N. Bludov and I. AND. Panayev, N. A. Nekrasov, young Turgenev, V. G. Benediktov V. AND. Dahl, D. Grigorovich, Ye.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

P. Grebenka, A. F. Pisemsky, I. P. Sakharov, M. Glinka F. Liszt, B.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Markevich A. E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Varlamov, Count Fredro and once F. M. Dostoevsky [1] [7] [10] [9].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

However, literary relations with none of the “visitors” have become strong enough [8].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Also, due to the “weakness” of Sollogub, who wanted to see, in addition to writers, musicians and artists, also publishers and “people in general who are closely connected with foreign art”, he gathered representatives of the court and the upper world, which was the object of ridicule.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Guests, usually between 20 and 25 people, left after a dinner served at midnight in the count's dining room and consisting of one dish, “Homeric roast size or 2-3 roasted turkeys”, with simple red table wine.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

There were practically no women at Sollogub's evenings, with the exception of his wife's relatives and their own [7].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

A. N. Strugovshchikov, speaking about N. IN. Puppeteer, mentioned “libations to Bacchus, from which friends of Vielgorsky, Odoevsky and Sollogub were not averse” [7].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At the same time, researchers consider Sollogub's salon to be both high-ranking and democratic, and its goal is to promote “the rapprochement of various writer groups, on the one hand, rapprochement writers with non-writers, on the other” with a touch of patronage [7].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The salons chosen for visiting by the writer himself, in addition to the houses of the Karamzins and Odoevsky, included the “Saturdays” of the same Panaev and E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

P. Rostopchina, Sunday lunches by M. S. Shchepkin, “Wednesday” by N. IN. Puppeteer [1] [7].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub and A. S. Pushkin


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub's first meeting with Pushkin took place at the theater, when the latter “nodded amicably to his father.”


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub himself dates the beginning of communication in the summer of 1831, when he lived with his mother, brother Lev and grandmother in Tsarskoye Selo [5].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub's purely secular acquaintance with Pushkin ceased to be in the first half of the 1830s.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

So, once Pushkin considered that the writer tactlessly had a conversation with his wife (because of Sollogub's incorrectly conveyed to him words to Natalia Nikolaevna [13] [8] at the ball at the end of 1835 [20]), and broke out between them a quarrel that dates back to January 1836.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

It even went to a duel (Pushkin had already challenged the “offender” [4] [20] [71] and in early February 1836, preparations for the fight were underway [72]).


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

However, Sollogub's official trips to Tver and Vitebsk played a role, and the duel was postponed, and negotiations began to be conducted by mail [5] [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

On May 1, Pushkin came to Tver to meet with Sollogub, but did not find him [71] and negotiated with his second Kozlovsky [73].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Already on May 5, a reconciliation took place between the writers in Moscow, while Pushkin's second P. IN. Nashchokin.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

By the fall of 1836, relations had grown into close and trusting relations.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub wrote about this in his memoirs: “He encouraged my first literary experiments, gave me advice, read his poems and was extremely supportive of me...” [5] [1] [71].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In the autumn of 1836, Sollogub returned from a business trip to Tver [13].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

On November 4, 1836, Alexandra Vasilchikova, Sollogub's aunt, and a number of other acquaintances of Pushkin received by mail the Diploma of the Order of Cuckolds.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The unopened envelope with this paper was handed over by Sollogub to the poet, and a few days later the writer volunteered in seconds.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At the same time, he made a lot of efforts to prevent a fight.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

It was Sollogub, as a second, who Pushkin asked to discuss the terms of the duel with the second Dantes D'Arshiac.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

However, on November 17, the writer was able to influence the cancellation of the match [1] [4].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub also took part in attempts to cancel Pushkin's last duel, but to no avail [2].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At the bookstore A. F. Smirdina Sollogub composed an impromptu “If you enter Smirdin...”, which Pushkin, who left the store, ended with the line “Or you will step on Bulgarin” [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In addition to his own memoirs about the poet, Sollogub left a number of oral memoirs recorded by P. IN. Annenkov [73] [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

According to researcher V. E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Watsuro, it is Sollogub's memoirs that are of the greatest value from the memories of the last year of the poet's life, and their distinctive feature is “the insight of the general view and the accuracy of the placed accents”.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub memoirist, unlike almost all others, focused on the prehistory of Pushkin's last duel [72].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Two letters of the poet to Sollogub and four letters from the writer to Pushkin have also been preserved [5].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub and M. YU.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Lermontov


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

By the beginning of 1839, Sollogub's rapprochement with the poet dates back to: both were the authors of “Patriotic Notes” and attended meetings with E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M. Khitrovo, Karamzinykh, V. F. Odoevsky and M. YU.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Vielgorsky.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Within a year, they became buddies.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

By this year, researcher R. Zaborova considers the joint essay by the authors of the poem “Oh, how cool and fun it is for us...”


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In addition, probably in the period from February to April 1839, Lermontov assisted his colleague in correcting his poem dedicated to E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M. Khitrovo, and translated it into French [17] [23].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

It was Sollogub who presented Lermontov's work to Empress Alexandra Fedorovna [1] [23].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In the Great World, under the name of Leonin, the writer depicted Lermontov's “secular... meaning” (in another opinion, he depicted it “creatively” [24] [3]) [Comment 27].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

According to V. E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Watsuro and A. S. Nemzer, Leonin, characterized as ordinary, weak-willed, needy, absorbed from Lermontov the desire to get into the “big world”, the desire of 1834, but not 1838, when the poet no longer had to conquer the circles of high society [8] [1] [20].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The story has long been defined as an anti-Lermontov libel (and this reputation did not develop immediately, but over time).


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

However, a number of researchers believe that there are no grounds for such a conclusion, citing as an argument the absence of a break or cooling of relations between the poet and Sollogub; the last Lermontov before his referring to the Caucasus in 1841, he proposed to publish together a magazine [1] [8] [13] [21] [23] together in the future.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Their relationship was even more strengthened [20]; according to the memoirs of A. N. Strugovshchikov, Lermontov continued to visit the writer's house [23].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Literary critics I. AND. Kiyko and V. E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Watsuro add that critics and the poet himself perceived the work quite normally: for example, Belinsky considered the story “beautiful” and wrote that Lermontov had the same opinion [24] [3] [8] [21].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In March 1840, Sollogub visited the person arrested for a duel with E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Lermontov's ram, who was in the Arsenal Guardhouse.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Lermontov read his poem “Neighbor” to the writer.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Nevertheless, the assessment of the story as a libel was supported by E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

G. Gerstein [23] [22] and S. A. Rozanova, who singled out, in addition to a hint of Lermontov's appearance, Sollogub's attempts to parody convey the images and ideas of the poet's lyrics present in the text [9].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At one time, it was believed that Lermontov responded to the “libel” with the poem “How often, surrounded by a motley crowd...”, but researchers, including P. S. Reifman, believe that there are no grounds for such a conclusion [21].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At the same time, among the incentives for writing “The Great World”, researchers do not exclude a personal factor - some suspicion on the part of Sollogub, who was jealous of Lermontov for the future wife of the writer S. M. Vielgorskaya, to which the poet may even have dedicated a number of poems (Vielgorskaya considered herself the addressee of the poem “No, I do not love you so ardently...”) [23] [74] [22].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub was engaged in collecting poems by the poet, continuing after his death (autograph “To the Child”, lists of “Prayer” and “A. O. Smirnova”, the German translation of “Gifts of Terek” and others), and published his 11 works in his almanac “Yesterday and Today”.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sometimes in the controversy, he was not averse to resorting to the name of Lermontov.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In addition to his own memoirs about the poet, Sollogub left a number of oral memoirs recorded by P. A. Viscous.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The motifs of Lermontov's Demon were used by Sollogub when writing a libretto for B.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

A. Fitingof-Schel's Tamara, staged at the Mariinsky Theatre in 1886 [23] [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

family


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sofia Mikhailovna Vielgorskaya (1820—1878) was the daughter of Count M. YU.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Vielgorsky, a famous nobleman, philanthropist, music lover and holder of a popular music and artistic salon, and Luisa Karlovna of Vielgorskaya (nee Duchess of Biron), former maid of honor of the Empress Maria Fedorovna.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At one time, the salons of Sollogub and Vielgorsky were located in the latter's house, and therefore it was inevitable to cross them [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The engagement to Vielgorskaya took place on April 19, 1840, and the wedding took place on November 13 of the same year in the small church of the Winter Palace.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The wedding was conducted by Archpriest V. B.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Bazhenov (Bazhanov), who was also the confessor of the imperial family.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Emperor Nicholas I played the role of the imprisoned father.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In the evening, the whole yard came to the Vielgorskys.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Vielgorskaya herself, not devoid of musical talent and ability to draw, along with her sisters Apollinaria and Anna at that time was one of the members of the inner circle of the emperor's daughters, and 1 On January 1839, she became the Empress's maid of honor [22] [1] [9].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

After the wedding, the newlyweds began to live in the Vielgorsky house on Mikhailovskaya Square [22].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Literary critic E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

G. Gerstein hypothesized that the marriage of Sollogub and Vielgorskaya was nothing more than a reward to the writer for the “anti-Lermontov” pamphlet [75] [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

According to A. S. Nemzer, the hypothesis looks unfounded.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In general, marriage did not bring happiness to the spouses.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The same researcher Nemser, as the main factor that influenced this, calls the unbalanced character of the writer, who was not averse to violating “Chinese etiquette in the halls of his proud relatives” and thus more to annoy your mother-in-law.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

So, A. O. Smirnova-Rosset recalled Sollogub's inappropriate behavior and, in addition, the quarrels of S. M. Sollogub, who silently suffered her husband's antics, with her mother-in-law [1] [76].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The second factor was the religious detachment of Vielgorskaya, who “did not like light”, and the great respect she paid to her powerful and at the same time child-loving mother.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

At the same time, in marriage, she focused on children, of whom the couple had eight: Sofia (December 5, 1841 — May 19, 1850 [77]), (1847—1932 [78]; married to A. A. Saburov), Apollinaria (August 11, 1849 — April 12, 1850 [79]), Maria (1851—1917; married to Prince A. E. Gagarin), Matvey (December 16, 1852 — November 10, 1894 [80]), Mikhail (1854—1888), Anna (1856 — November 8, 1857; died in Paris of inflammation of the head) [81] and Natalia (1861—1935; married Chichua) [1] [82].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The difficult relationship between the spouses has repeatedly been the subject of discussion for their friends [76].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In 1878, Sollogub married Varvara Konstantinovna Arkudinskaya (she was about 25 years younger than the count and died in 1893).


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Their connection began during S. M. Sollogub and lasted several years by the time of marriage.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Being a woman of low social status, Arkudinskaya by that time had a reputation as an adventurer.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The marriage resulted in numerous gossip and ridicule, which led to a further increase in Sollogub's loneliness.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Posthumously, in 1885, the published novel “Over the Edge” reflected the story of his last love and some other autobiographical details [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The impact


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub, who is well acquainted with modern French literature, was significantly influenced by the traditions of the French feuilleton novel and a moral descriptive essay, the so-called “physiology”.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In the writer's prose, there is an acquaintance with such French “physiologists” of the early 1830s as J. Janin M. Soulier, Paul de Cock, A. Carr, Nodier.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

In Sollogub's works, researchers also note the influence of Pushkin and Gogol.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Thus, during the natural school period, the writer focused on “The Station Warden”, “Nevsky Prospekt” (together with “The Nose” and “Portrait”) and Lermontov's “Caucasian” and “Princess Ligovskaya” [20] [8].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Gogol's influence is indicated by the latter's techniques: grotesque comic writing (The Lion) [20], rhetorical question and lyrical digressions, the introduction of a joker narrator (Seryozha) [3], “low life” and construction comedic dialogues [8].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Aksakov's message “To Count V. A. Sollogub”, written with sympathy for the writer, contains references to “Winter Road”, the poet's own dramatic poem [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Echoing Tarantas and being, in fact, an artistic opposition to the author's interpretations [83], the poem absorbed its types and plot motives [Comment 28] [1].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

The plot from the chapter “Ring” of “Tarantas” is also used in Nekrasov's “Gardener”.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

This, along with the coincidence of a number of other details, according to V. E.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Watsuro, who conducted a comparative analysis of the works [84], may indicate the use of Sollogub's story as one of the sources [8].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub, along with other writers, is actively quoted in the stories of the 1830s [24].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Honors


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

During his lifetime, V. A. Sollogub received a number of awards [85] [86] [18] [87]:


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree with the Imperial Crown (1854);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

a snuffbox with diamonds and a monogram of His Imperial Majesty (1858);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class (1861);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of St. Stanislaus, 1st class (1863);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of St. Anne, 1st Class (1866);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Royal Favor (1870);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd class (1873);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of the North Star (1874, Sweden);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of the White Eagle (1878);


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

bronze medal “In Commemoration of the War of 1853—1856”;


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Order of Leo and Sun of the 2nd degree with a star (Persia) [88].


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Artworks


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Bibliography


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Novels and short stories.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Kn.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Petersburg, 1886 (3rd ed., SPb., 1902—1903).


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Tarantas.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

B.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

, 1922.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Memories.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M.-L


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

, 1931.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Vaudeville.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., 1937.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M.-L


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

, 1962.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Three stories.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., 1978.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Tarantas.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., 1982.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Selected prose.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., 1983.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Employees..., Official//Russian drama of the era of A. N. Ostrovsky.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., 1984.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Memories.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., 1988.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., Pravda, 1988.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

M., Soviet Russia Publ., 1988.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sollogub V. A. Novels.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Memories.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

L., 1988.


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

comments


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Notes


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Literature


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Sources used


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Vladimir Sollogub

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Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

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Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

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Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

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Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Recommended sources


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

explorations


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Memories and letters


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

References


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

//Encyclopedia “Saint Petersburg”


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Russian writers of the 19th century


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Vladimir Aleksandrovich


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:University of Tartu alumni


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Chamber cadets (honorary title of the Russian Empire)


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Chamberlain (honorary title of the Russian Empire)


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Privy Councillors


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Memoirists of the Russian Empire


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Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Vaudeville writers


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Vladimir Sollogub

Category: Russian librettists


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Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Benefactors of the Russian Empire


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Russian writers alphabetically


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Science fiction writers of the Russian Empire


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Publicists of the Russian Empire


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category:Pushkin's entourage


Question: What was the name of the most famous novel by Count Vladimir Alexandrovich Sollogub?

Vladimir Sollogub

Category: Burials at the necropolis of the Donskoy Monastery


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuyki is a city (since 1593 [1]) in Russia, the administrative center of the Valuysky District (urban district) of the Belgorod Region.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The southernmost city in Belgorod Oblast.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

It is located on the high right bank of the Valuy River, 3 km from its confluence with the Oskol River, 152 km southeast of Belgorod [2], 15 km from the border with Ukraine.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

etymology


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

It is named after hydronym (Valuy River).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

History


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Early history


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

As a result of archaeological exploration, several flint workshops of the Late Paleolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age were discovered north and south of Valuyki [3].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Catacomb culture mounds exist on the territory of Valuisky District [4].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

And in the course of various archaeological surveys, traces of settlements were revealed, the locations of ceramics and burials of Saltovo-Mayatskaya culture were noted [5].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

founding


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

It was founded in 1593 [1], during the reign of Fedor Ioannovich, as a fortress city on the Muravsky Way, at the confluence of the Valuy River into the Oskol River.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The first fortress disappeared under unknown circumstances, which are believed to be associated with one of the invasions of the Polish gentry [6].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In 1599, a new fortress was built in its place.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

17th—19th centuries


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Since the XVII century, it has been the administrative center of Valuisky district.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In 1633, during the Smolensk War, Yakov Ostryanin, hetman of the Zaporizhzhya Lower Army, with a detachment of 3,500 soldiers ravaged the Valuyskaya Fortress (it was repaired in a short time) [7].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The second Valuisky fortress burned down on June 18, 1647 [6].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In the same year, instead of the burnt down prison city, by order of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, an earthen rampart with a wooden wall on it was built.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In 1658, Stepan Razin visited the city [8].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

A few years later, during the Peasant War of 1670-1671, the Valuyki took the side of the government.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In the same era, the city became one of the starting points for the Azov campaigns.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

During the first of them, Valuyki received the army when it returned from Azov, during the second, the city was a gathering point for the ground forces in preparation and after the campaign.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Tsar Peter I, passing from Azov in 1695, stayed in the city [6].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In 1708, the Bulavin uprising began, and Valuyki, as before during the Razin uprising, did not side with the rebels.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The city was one of the places where captured rebels were sent, in particular, Bulavin's son and wife were arrested in the fortress [8].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In March 1713, the last Tatar raid took place [6].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In 1786, the Voronezh Viceroyalty, as part of the Urban Planning Reform of Catherine the Great, developed a new city plan [6].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

By 1840, the construction of the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was completed.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

And in 1853, at the expense of parishioners, the Vladimir Cathedral was built (destroyed in 1932).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In the second half of the XIX century, Valuyki began to rise somewhat, after a long period of stagnation.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Artisanal oil mills appeared, in 1867, a women's pro-gymnasium was opened and a bank appeared [9].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The construction of railway lines away from the city did not contribute to its development.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

However, by the end of the 19th century, the railway was still built (Kharkov-Balashov and Yelets-Valuyki lines), which somewhat revived the economy.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

But soon the industrial crisis undermined the planned recovery again.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

20th century


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

During the First Russian Revolution, Valuyki generally took an anti-government position.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

But gradually revolutionary sentiments broke up [9].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuyki in the pre-revolutionary period (1900-1917) “View of Podnizovka and Kozatskaya” View of the city and Vladimir CathedralKazachya Sloboda (today the area of Lunacharsky Street) Kharkovskaya Street (today named after Street) Gorky)


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

As a result of administrative reform in the 1920s, the district as an administrative category was abolished, so since 1928 the city became the administrative center of the Valuisky district.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

On July 6, 1942, Soviet authorities and troops left the city occupied by the German army [10].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

On January 19, 1943, the Valuyki were liberated from Hitler's troops by the Soviet troops of the Voronezh Front during the Ostrogozh-Rossoshansky offensive [10].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

During the occupation, the housing stock was particularly badly damaged, but by 1956 the city was completely restored [11].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Since 1954, after the formation of the Belgorod Region, the city of Valuyki and the Valuysky District became part of it.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

On February 1, 1963, the city of Valuyki was classified as cities of regional subordination, and the City Council of Workers' Deputies was transferred to the subordination of the Belgorod Regional Council of Workers' Deputies [12].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In 1966, the city became part of the urban-type settlement Sotsgorodok, which arose in 1932 as a settlement of railway transport workers at a marshalling yard, a locomotive and a wagon depot.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The modern period


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Currently, the city is one of the industrial centers of the Belgorod Region, and the food industry is predominant [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In the 1990s, there was a slight increase in the population, and today its number is falling [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In October 2009, the municipal institution “Valuysky Bath and Health Complex” was opened.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Geography


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Geographical location


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The city is located in the south of the Central Russian Upland.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

It is located on the high right bank of the Valuy River, 3 km from its confluence with the Oskol River, 152 km southeast of Belgorod, near the border with Ukraine.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Today, Valuyki occupy an area between 50° 10' and 50° 14' north latitude; and 38° 05' and 38° 10' east longitude.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Time zone


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuyki and Belgorod Oblast, as well as neighboring regions, belong to the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The offset from Coordinated Universal Time UTC is + 3:00 (MSD).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Climate


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuyki climate is temperate.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Soil freezing in frosty years up to 70 cm. Winter, as a rule, has a stable snow cover, which forms only in January-February and the height of which can reach 30 cm; thaws accompanied by rains are quite frequent (especially in December ).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Summers are warm and often hot (especially in July and the first half of August).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Long-term average temperatures: January — minus 6.9°C, July — plus 20.8°C.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Precipitation falls about 544 mm per year.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

In recent decades, the amount of precipitation has slightly increased (about 580 mm per year), and winters have become warmer (the average January temperature is minus 5.2° C).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The prevailing average annual wind direction is east.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The absolute minimum temperature in the Belgorod Region was recorded in 1942 in Valuyki (-37.3°C) [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Geology


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Mesozoic deposits, represented by rocks of the Jurassic and Cretaceous systems, are ubiquitous in the region.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Jurassic deposits include dark gray clays, sands, sandstones and carbonaceous veins.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The formations of the chalk system are divided into two sections, of which the lower one is sands, layers of clays and siltstones, and the upper section is written chalk [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The territory of the city is part of the Oskolsko-Severskodonetsk morphological region, which is represented by a gently sloping plain, slightly inclined from north to south.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The area is dissected by ravines and washouts.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Easily soluble chalk rocks lie close to the surface, so chalk karst funnels develop intensively.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Modern exogenous geological processes also include the continuing growth of the ravine and beam network [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Hydrography


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The Oskol River and its tributary Valuy flow within the city.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The catchment area of the Valuy River is 1340 km² [14], the right bank of the Valuy, on which in the 17th century there was a fortress, elevated, sometimes steep and steep, left - along the entire course of the river - lowland, the width of the river does not exceed 50 meters anywhere at a depth of up to a meter.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Oskol has a catchment area of 14,800 km², which makes it one of the deepest rivers in the region.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

These rivers, like others in the Belgorod region, belong to the type of rivers with predominantly snow feeding, which usually accounts for 55-65% of the annual runoff.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

They are characterized by slow flow, low slopes, well-developed valleys with wide floodplains and terraces above floodplain [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Soils


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The city lies on typical chernozems, floodplain meadow and gray forest soils [15].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Within the boundaries of the Valuisky district, there are also leached, ordinary and carbonate-chalk chernozems.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The territory is subject to soil erosion, as a result, the thickness of the humus horizon decreases, which means fertility [15].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

population


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

According to the results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census, there are 17,190 men (48.7%) and 18,132 women (51.3%) in the city [16].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Compared to 2000, the year of maximum population, the population decreased by Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character “[”.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

pers.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

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Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Symbols


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The city of Valuyki and Valuysky district, in accordance with federal legislation, have their own coat of arms, flag, description and procedure for official use of which are established by regulatory legal acts Municipal Council of Valuyki City and Valuisky District [17].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The historical coat of arms of Valuyki was approved on September 21, 1781, restored in 1859, and re-restored on December 7, 1995 [6].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

It is a simple (undivided) shield of French shape and has the following description: “In the green field there is a pyramid of golden apples, in the free part the coat of arms of the Belgorod region.”


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The flag of the city and district was officially adopted by the Municipal Council in 2012 [18].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Power and politics


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Economics


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Taking into account the fact that the district has a good raw material base for the food processing industry, the following city-forming enterprises operate in the city: Rusagro-Belgorod LLC, OJSC” Vegetable Oils Plant”, Moloko OJSC, Valuysky Cannery OJSC, Valuysky Meat Processing Plant OJSC, Valuysky Elevator OJSC.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

These enterprises produce products that are supplied to many regions of Russia [13].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Thus, the Valuikisakhar plant, commissioned in 1973 and transformed into Rusagro-Belgorod LLC in 2017, is one of the country's leading sugar beet processing enterprises [19].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The city also has a well-known Valuysky distillery outside its borders.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

It is one of the oldest enterprises in Russia, founded in 1887 [20].


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Other industries are represented by such factories as tannery, brick, foundry and mechanical.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Transportation


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuyki has a large railway junction, which includes Valuiki-Passazhirskie and Valuyki-Sortirovnye stations.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

There is an airport that is used only for agricultural purposes.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

MASS MEDIA


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Broadcast


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Channel One


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Russia-1/Belgorod State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Domashny/Belogorye World


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

NTV


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

TV Center


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Channel 5


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

The first multiplex of digital television in Russia


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Broadcast


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Mayak (radio) — 68.48 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Radio Rossii — 66.80 MHz; 73.64 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Marusya FM — 100.30 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Humor FM — 101.10 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Europe Plus — 101.8 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Radio Radio — 102.3 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

World of Belogorye — 102.8 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Radio 7 — 104.4 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Autoradio — 106.90 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Radio Chanson — 99.90 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Russian radio — 104.8 MHz


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Connectivity


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Internet


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Rostelecom


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Intercom


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Cellular


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

MTS


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Beeline


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

MegaFon


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

YOTA


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

sights


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuisk Historical and Art Museum.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuysky District Museum of Local Lore.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

House-museum of General of the Army Vatutin N.F.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Valuysky Assumption Nicholas Monastery (with St. Nicholas Cathedral).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Church of Hieromartyr Ignatius the God-Bearer.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Notes


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Literature


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

//Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 add.).


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

— SPb., 1890—1907.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Handbook “Liberation of Cities: A Handbook on the Liberation of Cities during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945”.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

M. L. Dudarenko, Y.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

G. Perechnev V. T. Eliseev et al.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Moscow, Voenizdat Publ., 1985.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

598 p.


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

References


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

on Vkontakte


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Category:Populated places in Valuisky District


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Category:Cities of Belgorod Line


Question: On the bank of which river are Valuyki?

Valuyki

Category:District centers of Belgorod Oblast


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Indian philosophy is a collection of philosophical theories of all Indian thinkers, ancient and modern, Hindus and non-Hindus, Theists and atheists [1].


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

History of Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Since ancient times, it has developed continuously, without sharp turns, similar to those experienced by Western philosophy, which often changed its direction of development.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Its oldest texts are found in the Vedas (1500 BC).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Almost all literature on Indian philosophy is written in Sanskrit.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Since most of the changes in Indian philosophy were related to commenting on major, authoritative texts, old European philosophical researchers believed that Indian philosophy should be defined as the prehistory of philosophy, while in fact its development went in parallel with the development of Western philosophy, albeit in other forms.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The question of the existence in India of an equivalent to the European term “philosophy” is a traditional subject of discussion in Indology, to which scientists and philosophers give different, often opposite answers.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Like medieval Western European philosophy, Indian philosophy also dealt mainly with religious issues.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

However, she paid more attention to thinking about the transcendent.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Because Hindus believe in the eternity of a cyclically renewed world process, Indian philosophy did not create a philosophy of history itself.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Aesthetics and the doctrine of society and the state are special, separate sciences for them.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

In its historical development, Indian philosophy falls into three periods:


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The Vedic period (1500—500 BC).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Classical or Brahmano Buddhist (500 BC — 1000 AD).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The period is post-classical, or Hindu (from 1000).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Vedic period


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The worldview of the Rigveda and other Vedas, as well as brahmanism (texts on sacrifices, since 1000 BC), is extreme pluralism: gods, people, animals, plants, elements, seasons, cardinal points, sacrifices, qualities, body parts, spiritual abilities, etc., are all life-endowed substances that are connected to each other, penetrate each other and can to transform into one another, which is achieved through magical actions.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The number of these possibilities is decreasing as we discover more and more their genetic relationship to each other: every fire is a manifestation of the Fire God, every eye is a manifestation of the Sun God, etc. d. The world and its phenomena are considered as an improvement of the primary essence (purusha).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

In the philosophical treatises of the Upanishads (secret teaching, from 800 BC), the doctrine of universal unity finds its valid form for the entire later time in the view that the cosmos is based forever the real is Brahman, from which everything that exists has developed, and which is identical to the eternal inner core of the individual, Atman.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

There is also a theory about the migration of souls, about the subsequent effect of good and bad deeds — karma, which determines the new existence of the living being, as well as longing desire break out of the cycle of repetitive births — samsara — through asceticism and the acquisition of higher knowledge, the decisive factor in the entire subsequent history of the spirit.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Classic period


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

During this period, there is an interest in ethical issues.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Agnostics, materialists and fatalists oppose brahmanas and reformists.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Along with brahmanism, atheistic lokayata and creeds now appear.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Schools of philosophy called darshans are developing.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Later, they are divided into orthodox (based on the teachings of the Vedas) and unorthodox.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Unorthodox darshans:


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Buddhism (Pali, Buddha Dhamma, “Teaching of the Awakened”) is a religious and philosophical doctrine (dharma) about spiritual awakening (bodhi) that arose around the 6th century BC.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

in Southeast Asia based on the ideas of Buddha Shakyamuni.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Jainism (Skt. , jaina? from Skt. Yes, jina? , “winner”) is a religious and philosophical doctrine that arose in India around the 6th century BC.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

, which denies the authority of the Vedas and the superiority of the hereditary caste of priests.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Orthodox darshans:


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Mimansa (the “explanation” of the Vedic text on sacrifices) deals with the explanation of ritual, but in its methods can be attributed to atheistic pluralist systems.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Vedanta (conclusion of the Vedas) in the Brahma Sutra, based on the Upanishads and Bhagavadgita, teaches about the origin of the world from Brahman; individual souls automatically through knowledge or love of Godhead — bhakti — achieve salvation, achieve unity with God without merging with him.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Influenced by the idealism of late Buddhist philosophy, Shankara (circa 800 AD) gives the texts a new interpretation that considers the previous doctrine of the real transformation of Brahma only as an inferior the stage of truth is an appearance of truth; in fact, all diversity is an illusion (maya), individual souls are identical to the invariable Brahma.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Sankhya (“reasonable weighing” or “enumeration”) preaches atheistic pluralism: the primordial matter only seems to be related to a kind of soul-spirit; overcoming this illusion guarantees exemption,


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Yoga (tension, training) is the practice of contemplation; its theoretical basis is Sankhya, but it is also recognized as a personal God.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Nyaya (rule, logic) is a doctrine of forms of thinking that has developed a five-membered syllogism.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Vaisheshika merged into one system with yoga, who sought to distinguish between everything that opposes us in the outer and inner world.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Vaisheshika developed the doctrine of categories and atomism; being theistic, she saw the liberation of man in separating the soul from everything material and turning it into an organ of thinking.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Jainism and Buddhism are non-theistic creeds.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

While the former recognizes eternal spiritual monads and material entities, the latter denies the existence of an immutable substance.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The personality and the world it knows are born due to the interaction of naturally occurring transient factors — the dharma.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The recognition that there is no fixed individual, but only a stream of interacting dharmas, is a prerequisite for achieving nirvana.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The extreme pluralism of early Buddhism, the pluralism of Theravada, is the opposite of the pantheism of the Mahayana, or the “big chariot”.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

According to the “middle teaching” of Nagarjuna (1st-2nd centuries), dharmas do not have true existence, for they are transient; only the incomprehensible “emptiness” accessible only to contemplation is real.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Samsara and nirvana are the same thing from the highest point of view of reality.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

In the later teaching of Asanga and Vasubandhu (1st-4th centuries) on the “uniqueness of consciousness”, Buddhism is closer to Vedanta in that it considers the spiritual as the ultimate being, perceived through yoga, when the outside world is known as a projection of consciousness.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Hindu period (since 1000)


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Buddhism in India is fading away, Jainism is losing its significance.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Vedanta and Nyaya-vaisheshika are still developing; primarily characterized by the emergence of realistic Vishnuit and Shivaite systems, which, in a scholastic form, tried to prove that Brahman The brahminist sutras are God Vishnu, or Shiva.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

These teachings were partly dominated by tantrism and shaktism.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Since 1000, under the influence of Islam, a number of monotheistic creeds have arisen: (Kabirpanthi, Sikhism).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The modern period


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Indian philosophy has had a huge impact on world culture.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Arthur Schopenhauer, one of the greatest German philosophers of the XIX century, under the influence of the Upanishads, was the first famous European thinker to synthesize Western European and Indian philosophy.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

At the end of the 19th century, the Indian philosopher and public figure Swami Vivekananda played a special role in the popularization of Indian philosophical thought in the United States and Europe.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Since the 19th century, under the influence of Western European thought, there have been teachings that are modernized theism, or pantheism (Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, the teachings of R. Tagore, M. Gandhi, Aurobindo Ghosh).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

The Indian philosopher Dev Atma (1850—1929) created a system of philosophical naturalism.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Modern Indian philosophy (S. Radhakrishnan) made efforts to combine the Indian and Western concepts of good.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Indian philosophy is based on Elena Blavatsky's spiritual hybrid - theosophy (the theosophical society was founded in 1875, the residence is Adyar, near Madras) and the directions departing from it ( anthroposophy, etc.).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Among the representatives of Indian philosophy of the 20th century are Pulla Tirupati Raja (1904—1992), Daya Krishna (b. 1924), Pravas Jivan Chaudhury (1916—1961), Abdul Rahman (b. 1923), K. Satchidananda Murthy (b. 1924), Mar Gregorios (1922—1996).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

It should be borne in mind that many modern Indian philosophers, while maintaining an inextricable link with their philosophical tradition, live and work outside India.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

One of the most significant of these is Jitendra Nath Mohanty (b. 1928).


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

He is known both as a phenomenologist and a historian of Indian philosophy.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya (1918—1993) was widely known among philosophers who adhere to the Marxist tradition, making a significant contribution to the study of ancient Indian philosophy.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

In the West, many trends appeared that use elements of Indian philosophy, which later became part of the culture of the new age.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

See also


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Hindu philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Notes


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Literature


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

in Russian


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

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Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

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Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

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Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

in other languages


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Carmen Dragonetti: Essays on Indian philosophy in comparative perspective.


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy

Hildesheim [u.a.], Olms, 2009


Question: How many gods are there in the Vedic worldview?

Indian philosophy


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky (August 18 (30), 1863, Funikova Gora, Pokrovsky Uyezd, Vladimir Province, Russian Empire — September 27, 1944, Paris, France) was a Russian photographer, chemist (student Mendeleev), inventor, publisher, teacher and public figure, member of the Imperial Russian Geographical, Imperial Russian Technical and Russian Photographic Societies.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

He made a significant contribution to the development of photography and cinematography.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

A pioneer of color photography in Russia, creator of the Collection of Sights of the Russian Empire.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Biography


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

He comes from the noble family of Prokudin-Gorsky.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

His father, Mikhail Nikolaevich, after serving in the Caucasus (in the Tiflis Grenadier Regiment), retired in 1862 as a second lieutenant, married.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Sergei Mikhailovich was born on August 18 (30), 1863 in the family estate of Prokudin-Gorsky Funikov Gor in the Pokrovsky district of the Vladimir province [1] [2].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

On August 20 (September 1), 1863, he was baptized in the closest church to the estate of the Archangel Michael of the Arkhangelsk Pogost, in the cemetery of which in 2008 the tombstone of his full namesake, Sergei Mikhailovich, was discovered Prokudin-Gorsky (1789—1841).


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

He studied at the Alexander Lyceum for three years (until 1886), but did not complete the full course.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

From October 1886 to November 1888, he attended lectures on the natural section at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

From September 1888 to May 1890, he was a student of the Imperial Military Medical Academy, from which he did not graduate [3].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

He studied painting at the Imperial Academy of Arts.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In May 1890, he joined the Demidov Workers' Charity House, as its full member.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

This social institution for girls from poor families was founded in 1830 at the expense of the famous philanthropist Anatoly Demidov and was a member of the Department of Institutions of Empress Maria Fedorovna.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1890 he married Anna Alexandrovna Lavrova (1870-1937), the daughter of Lavrov, a Russian metal scientist and director of the Gatchina Bell, Copper Smelting and Steel Mills Association.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Prokudin-Gorsky himself became the director of the board at his father-in-law's enterprise.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1897, Prokudin-Gorsky began making reports on the technical results of his photographic research to the Fifth Department of the Imperial Russian Technical Society (IRTO) (he continued these reports) until 1918).


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1898, Prokudin-Gorsky became a member of the Fifth Photographic Department of the IRTO and made a report “On photographing shooting stars (starry rains)”.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Already at that time, he was a Russian authority in the field of photography, and he was entrusted with organizing practical photography courses at the IRTO.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1898, Prokudin-Gorsky published the first books in a series of works on the technical aspects of photography: “On Printing from Negatives” and “On Photographing with Hand Cameras”.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1900, the Russian Technical Society showed black and white photographs of Prokudin-Gorsky at the Paris World Exhibition [4].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

On August 2, 1901, the “photozincographic and phototechnical workshop” by S. M. Prokudin-Gorsky, where in 1906—1909 the laboratory and editorial office of the magazine “Amateur Photographer” were located, in which Prokudin-Gorsky published a series of technical articles on the principles of color reproduction [4] [5].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1902, Prokudin-Gorsky studied for a month and a half at the photomechanical school in Charlottenburg (near Berlin) under the guidance of Dr. Adolf Meete.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

The latter, in 1902, created his own model of a camera for color photography and a projector for showing color images on the screen.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

On December 13, 1902, Prokudin-Gorsky first announced the creation of color transparencies using the method of three-color photography by A. Mitya [6], and in 1905 patented his sensitizer, which was significantly superior in quality to similar developments of foreign chemists, including Mitya's sensitizer.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

The composition of the new sensitizer made the silver bromide plate equally sensitive to the entire color spectrum.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1903, Prokudin-Gorsky published a brochure “Isochromatic Photography with Handheld Cameras” [4] [7].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

The exact date of the start of color filming by Prokudin-Gorsky in the Russian Empire has not yet been established.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

The most likely fact is that the first series of color photographs was taken during a trip to the Principality of Finland in September-October 1903.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In 1904, Prokudin-Gorsky took color photographs of Dagestan (April), the Black Sea coast (June) and the Luga Uyezd of St. Petersburg Province (December) [7].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In April-September 1905, Prokudin-Gorsky made his first major photo tour of the Russian Empire, during which he took about 400 color photographs of the Caucasus, Crimea and Ukraine (including 38 views of Kiev).


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

He planned to publish all these photos in the form of photo postcards under an agreement with the Community of St. Eugenia.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

However, due to political upheavals in the country and the financial crisis caused by them, the contract was terminated in 1905, and only about 90 open letters were published.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

From April to September 1906, Prokudin-Gorsky spent a lot of time in Europe, participating in scientific congresses and photo exhibitions in Rome, Milan, Paris and Berlin.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

He received a gold medal at the International Exhibition in Antwerp and a medal for “Best Work” in the field of color photography from the photo club in Nice [4].


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In December 1906, Prokudin-Gorsky went to Turkestan for the first time: to take pictures in the Alaya Mountains near the Chernyayevo station (now Khavast) over the Sulyukta mines.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Although the eclipse could not be captured due to cloud cover, Prokudin-Gorsky took many color photographs of Samarkand and Bukhara in January 1907.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

On September 21, 1907, Prokudin-Gorsky reported on his studies of the Lumiere brothers' Autochrome records for color photography, after the report and discussion, color transparencies Yermilova N. E.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

, Schultz, Natomb et al.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In May 1908, Prokudin-Gorsky traveled to Yasnaya Polyana, where he took a series of photographs (more than 15), including several color photographic portraits of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In his notes, Prokudin-Gorsky noted that the writer “was particularly interested in all the latest discoveries in various fields, as well as the issue of conveying the image in true colors.”


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In addition, two photo portraits of Fedor Chaliapin made by Prokudin in stage costumes are known.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

According to some reports, Prokudin-Gorsky also photographed members of the royal family, but these photographs have not yet been found; they may have been irretrievably lost.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

On May 30, 1908, color projections of photographs taken by Prokudin-Gorsky were shown in the halls of the Academy of Arts.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

His photographs of ancient vases — exhibits from the Hermitage — were later used to restore their lost color.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

Prokudin-Gorsky gave lectures on his achievements in the field of color photography using transparencies at the Imperial Russian Technical Society, the St. Petersburg Photographic Society and others city institutions.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

At this time, Sergei Mikhailovich conceived a project: to capture in color photographs modern Russia, its culture, history and modernization.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

In May 1909, Prokudin-Gorsky received an audience with Emperor Nicholas II, who instructed him to film all aspects of life in all the regions that made up the Russian Empire at that time.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

For this purpose, the photographer was given a specially equipped railway car.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

To work on waterways, the government allocated a small steamer capable of sailing in shallow water, with a crew, and a motor boat for the Chusovaya River.


Question: Where did Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky study painting?

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorsky

A Ford car was sent to Yekaterinburg to shoot the Urals and the Ural Range.