Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

According to the consolidated reports on the losses of the headquarters of the 16th Army in the period from September 1 to November 30, 1941, 514 officers and 12,319 non-commissioned officers and privates were killed [29].


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Some of these losses were suffered in the battles in the Sinyavino and Mgi areas in September 1941.


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

According to other sources, the losses of the 39th Motorized Corps for the period from September 10 to September 27 amounted to about 800 people killed and missing, as well as more than 2,200 wounded [8].


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Notes


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Literature


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Docs


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Memoir


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Historical studies


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Publicism


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Cite journal requires |journal= (help) CS1 maint: date and year (link)


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

References


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Cite uses deprecated parameter |deadurl= (help)


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Cite uses deprecated parameter |deadurl= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category:Operations in the Great Patriotic War


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category:Siege of Leningrad


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category:Battle for Leningrad


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category:Leningrad Front


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category: Battles involving Germany


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category:Battles in Russia


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category:The conflicts of 1941


Question: When was the first attempt to restore land communication between Leningrad and the rest of the country after the beginning of the blockade?

1st Sinyavino Operation (1941)

Category: September 1941


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The 24th separate assault battalion “Aidar” (Ukrainian: 24th okremiy assault battalion “Aidar”) is a unit of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine [1], formerly the 24th battalion of territorial Defense “Aidar” of the Luhansk region (Ukrainian: 24th battalion of the territorial defense “Aidar” of Luhansk region).


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

It was established in May 2014 on the initiative of the commandant of the Maidan Self-Defense Sergei Melnichuk, staffed by volunteers from members of the Maidan Self-Defense and Right Sector organizations [2].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The name comes from the name of the Aidar River, near which the first battle of the formation took place.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Creating a battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The battalion was created in early May 2014 on the initiative of Sergei Melnichuk (former commandant of the Maidan Self-Defense [3]), the next 80-100 volunteers were selected and sent to the battalion A. IN. Parubiy [4].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Many fighters from the “Maidan Self-Defense” [5] and Euromaidan activists joined the battalion.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Unlike other territorial defense battalions created in the period until the beginning of September 2014, military commissariats did not take part in the manning of the Aidar battalion with personnel - the battalion commander himself was engaged in the enrollment of candidates to the unit [6].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The battalion was assisted by Igor Kolomoisky, Chairman of the State Administration of Dnipropetrovsk Region, and financed through the Krainy Defense Fund [7].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In June-July 2014, volunteers from Kiev and Kiev region, Kharkiv, Transcarpathia, Lviv region, Chernihiv region, Luhansk region, Volyn region, Crimea, Ivano-Frankivsk and Donetsk served in the battalion [8].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The tasks of the battalion are patrolling the roads of Luhansk region, operations to withdraw the civilian population of the territories, reconnaissance, adjustment of fire and other tasks, take control of settlements, controlled by the self-proclaimed LPR, in cooperation with units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine [3] [9].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The battalion includes Jewish volunteers from Israel [10].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Some members of the battalion hold right-wing radical and neo-Nazi views and use Nazi symbols [11] [12] [13].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Organizational structure


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Command:


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

battalion commander: Lieutenant Colonel S. P. Melnichuk [14] (until November 21, 2014), Major S. Fedorchenko (acting, November 24-25, 2014), then Lieutenant Colonel Yevgeny Ptashnik (since November 25, 2014)


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Deputy Battalion Commander, Battalion Chief of Staff: Valentin Likholet [9]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Head of Finance: Karina Grinenko [14]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In communicating with each other and with outsiders, the battalion's servicemen do not use their own names, but call signs (“Zola”, “Philip”, “Mukha”, “Chekh”, “Grusha”, “Gutsul”, “Malaya”, etc.) [15].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The battalion consists of:


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The Kholodny Yar division [16], consisting mainly of natives of Cherkasy region;


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The first assault company “Filipinos” was Commander Philip (call sign “Philip”) from May to August 2014 [17], followed by Commander Time.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The second company “West” — commander Lapin Igor Alexandrovich (call sign “Zola”) [18]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Company (“Volyn Company”): formed on the basis of the “Volyn platoon” [19], commander: Yevgeny Alexandrovich Dikiy [20], then Andrey Yurkevich, then Igor Lapin [21];


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

“Afghan Hundred” [22] — Commander Oleg Mikhnyuk;


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Equipment, weapons and equipment


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The personnel are armed with small arms, including AK-74 [4] [9] assault rifles, RPK-74 [4] [9] light machine guns, SVD sniper rifles [9], GP-25 grenade launchers [4] and PK machine guns [14].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

At the end of June 2014, the battalion commander reported that the battalion was provided with bulletproof vests “better than any other unit of the Ukrainian army”, while all bulletproof vests were not received from the Ministry defense, but from Maidan and sponsors [23].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On June 30, 2014, the battalion commander reported that the battalion was already fully provided with personal protective equipment (steel helmets and bulletproof vests), but there were still not enough unloading vests (80% of them were available from the required quantity) [24].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The battalion has vehicles at its disposal [4].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On June 30, 2014, the battalion commander said in an interview that the battalion had received “several armored personnel carriers” from the Ministry of Defense. [


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 2, the battalion received another BTR-60 armored personnel carrier [25].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On 8 September, the battalion received one demilitarized BRDM-2 [26].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 13, 2014, the battalion received a Mitsubishi pickup [27], August 15 - a Mitsubishi Pajero jeep and a Moskvich-2335 pickup [28], September 4 - Ford SUV [29], September 25 - Range Rover SUV [30], 26 September — another BRDM-2 [31], and on September 30, one Volkswagen T-4 minibus [32].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In September 2016, the battalion received an ISUZU armored jeep with a machine gun mount [33]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Activities


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

June


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the soldiers of the battalion, the battalion arrived in the ATO zone on May 19, 2014 [9].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

During the presidential elections, the battalion ensured order at the polling stations of Starobilsk district, and in Novoaidar [34].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Later, the battalion actively participated in the battles for the northern and central regions of the Luhansk region.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On June 13, 2014, the battalion began hostilities near the town of Schastye [35] [36], on the night of June 13-14, 2014, the battalion's servicemen attacked and seized a rebel checkpoint near the town of Schastye [9].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On June 14, 2014, the battalion occupied Schastye, a bridge over the Seversky Donets River and the Lugansk TPP [9].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to a message on the Facebook page of the battalion “Aydar”, as a result of this combat operation, “at least 58 militants and mercenaries were killed”, the battalion's losses amounted to 4 people wounded and one killed [37].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In the town of Schastye, the battalion commander appointed a military administration on his own initiative.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The OSCE mission was explained that this is a forced measure, since “law enforcement agencies are corrupt, and the civil authorities are working inefficiently”.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

[38] [39] [40] [41]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On June 17, 2014, the battalion attempted to storm Lugansk, which ended in failure — up to 100 servicemen of the battalion were ambushed [42]; followed by the Minister of Defense of Ukraine M. IN. Koval said that the actions of the battalion, which resulted in serious losses among the Ukrainian servicemen, were not coordinated with the leadership of the ATO [43] [44].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The next day, the head of the self-proclaimed LPR Valery Bolotov said that the Aidar battalion was “almost destroyed” [45].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

However, this information was denied during a briefing by the battalion commander Sergei Melnichuk [46].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

It was also stated that the reports about the significant losses of the battalion are based on non-existent facts and launched as part of the information war.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On the same day, not far from the battlefield between the AFU units and the rebels, [47] VGTRK reporters Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk were killed [48], of whose murder Nadezhda was accused and convicted in Russia Savchenko.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

As of June 19, 2014, the battalion was based in the village of Polovinkino near Starobilsk [4].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

After on June 20, 2014, President of Ukraine P. A. Poroshenko announced a truce, on June 29, 2014 in the center of Kiev soldiers of the battalions “Dnepr”, “Donbass” and “Aidar” and the Council of Hundreds of Maidan held a rally and sent P. A. Poroshenko's appeal demanding to stop the truce, introduce martial law in the country and issue a sufficient number of weapons to volunteer battalions [49] [50].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 1, 2014, fighting in Donbass resumed [51].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

July


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 12, 2014, in the village of Zheltoy, on the outskirts of Lugansk, a Niva car with 5 soldiers of the battalion was fired with a mortar, three were killed [52], the remaining two were wounded [53] [54]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 15, soldiers of the battalion found 18 rebels from the Don special unit, who were guarding the military unit, near the village of Metalist, Luhansk region, in a disguised bunker and detained 18 rebels from the special unit “Don”.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

About 5 identified rebels were interrogated.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Also on this day, Aidar residents raided the dacha of People's Deputy from the CPU Spiridon Kilinkarov in the village of Stukalova Balka near Lugansk, where, according to them, an arsenal of weapons and ammunition was found [ 56].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

However, later, on October 23, platoon Maxim Kozub (“Tor”) admitted that it was a staging and accused company Igor Lapin of deliberately planting weapons to Communist MP Spiridon Kilinkarov [57].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 20, the scouts of the “Golden Company of Aydar” entered the city of Rubezhnoye and engaged in battle with the rebels, destroyed one of the five armored jeeps.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Upon arrival of the 51st brigade, the battalion broke through to Severodonetsk.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The battalion was tasked with unblocking the Luhansk airport.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

From Happiness, it was necessary to break through three enemy checkpoints reinforced with artillery.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

During the reconnaissance, according to Ukrainian media, one fighter of “Aydar” was killed in battle.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 21, on foot and in cars, the battalion cut the highway, took up the defense and, waiting for the approach of motorized rifles and tanks, moved further south.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On this day, soldiers of the battalion detained Tamerlan Enaldiev, one of the assistants to the Minister of Defense of the partially recognized state of South Ossetia, who was carrying weapons and documents testifying about the purchase of expensive medicines for the rebels.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The commander of the battalion “Aidar” Sergei Melnichuk considered it expedient to exchange this prisoner of war for the Ukrainian pilot Nadiya Savchenko [58].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The soldiers bypassed the villages of Aleksandrovsk and Yubileyny from the support of the rebels from Donetsk-Debaltsevo-Alchevsk from the east and cut off the support of the rebels from the support of the rebels from


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

During the fighting, the detachment of the Vostok battalion, which controlled the village [60], was liquidated.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

It was reported that “Aydar” also suffered losses of five fighters [59].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the Ukrainian media, with massive fire from the rebels, Ukrainian tanks began to withdraw, but the Aidar did not retreat and waited for help in the area of Aleksandrovsk and Yubileyny, after which continued its offensive on Georgievka.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Soldiers entrenched themselves on the Lugansk-Lutugino highway near the bridge over the Olkhovka River and unblocked the airport.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The offensive of the column of rebels who left Lutugin was repulsed by Aydar and paratroopers from the 80th separate airmobile brigade, who were at the airport.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

After that, the unit occupied Georgievka and cut an important transport artery Lugansk-Krasny Luch.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

During July 20-27, the battalion took control of five settlements, three highways and one railway line [59].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

At the same time, Aidar suffered significant losses.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to Ukrainian media, on the night of July 28, 12 soldiers of the battalion were killed and 10 wounded [59].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The official Facebook page of the Aidar battalion confirmed the loss of 23 fighters during July 27, 2014 “during three combat operations in the Lutugino area” [61] [62].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Augustus


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 7, 2014 soldiers of the battalion at one of the checkpoints in the town of Schastye detained the mayor of Lugansk Serhiy Kravchenko, who “supported the pro-Russian actions”, and the acting head of the city Aleksandrovsk Vadim Reznik.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

[63] [64]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 7, 2014, the Minister of Defense of Ukraine Valery Geletey announced the possibility of creating in the future on the basis of the volunteer battalion “Aidar” a regular unit of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are involved in carrying out special operations in the complex of ATO measures.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

For this purpose, the unit will be provided with additional weapons, including military equipment, as well as military instructors.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The personnel will be recertified, as a result of which those fighters who meet the requirements for military personnel will be selected [65].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 17, 2014, servicemen of the battalion detained the chief architect of Luhansk Vyacheslav Zheneska, accusing him of “cooperation with terrorists”.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 24, 2014, the rebels launched an offensive in the south of Donbass, during which a group of Ukrainian troops totaling up to 7 thousand servicemen was cut off from Ilovaisk along the line Agronomicheskoe — Kuteynikovo — Voykovo — Osykovo [67].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The headquarters of the 8th Army Corps, the 28th, 30th and 93rd Mechanized Brigades, the 95th Separate Airmobile Brigade, the Aidar, Donbass, Shakhtersk, Azov and Dnepr battalions were surrounded [68].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Later, a soldier of the battalion said in an interview that they were surrounded in the Georgievka area until August 26, 2014 [15].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 28, 2014, the battalion's Facebook page reported that nine soldiers of the battalion were killed from August 22 to August 26, 2014 [69].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

September


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 1, 2014, the rebels occupied Lugansk airport, which was defended by units of the 1st Tank Brigade, the 80th Separate Airmobile Brigade and the Aidar Battalion [70].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 3, 2014, the commander of “Aydar” Sergey Melnichuk said that the “Aydar” mined the Luhansk thermal power plant in Schastye and were ready to undermine it “in the event of a massive breakthrough of militants and Russian military units” [71].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Andriy Khvedchak, coordinator of the Volyn Maidan Self-Defense, said that on September 5, part of the company of the battalion “Aidar” was ambushed in the same place where, on June 17, it was almost destroyed and where Nadezhda was taken prisoner Savchenko.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Detachments of the Lugansk militia “Rusich” and the SBI “Batman” [72] ambushed the highway and attacked the retreating “Aidar”.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Part of the second company of “Aydar” (Volyn), was ambushed by Russian special forces.”


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to him, those soldiers who were in ambush were killed [73].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 6, Semyon Semenchenko reported that 11 soldiers were killed in an ambush “arranged by Russian special forces” [74].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On the same day, it was reported that from 20 to 29 soldiers of the battalion were killed in ambush [75].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 8, after the announcement of a truce, the Ukrainian authorities and the rebels managed to agree on the exchange of prisoners, which resulted in the return of 40 bodies of the dead Ukrainian servicemen, including soldiers of the battalion “Aydar” and paratroopers of the 80th separate airmobile brigade [76].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

September 24, 2014 in n. p. Shchastya, with the knowledge of the command of the battalion “Aidar” [77], servicemen of the battalion detained 10 trucks with humanitarian cargo for the civilian population, which were sent to Krasnodon and Sverdlovsk Lugansk areas.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Later, the battalion's servicemen used trucks as a protective fence on the territory of the Luhansk TPP [78].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 25, 2014, servicemen of the battalion detained the deputy of the Luhansk Regional Council A. Savenko on charges of links with the LPR (he was released on October 1, 2014) [79].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 26, 2014, more than 50% of “Aydar” fighters signed a petition to express no confidence in the battalion commander Sergei Melnichuk [80]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

October


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On October 14-15, 2014, during the hostilities in the area of the Lugansk-Lysychansk highway (the local name of the Bakhmutka highway is confused in the media with the locality of p. Bakhmutivka, located on the other side of the Seversky Donets) in the Luhansk region, the battalion lost 14 servicemen killed [81] [82].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On October 19, 2014, the battalion participated in an offensive operation to unblock checkpoint No. 32 near the village of Smelyy, Luhansk region, but suffered losses [83] [84].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

November


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On November 21, 2014, the Ministry of Defense issued an order to dismiss Serhiy Melnychuk from the post of battalion commander in connection with his election to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Only on November 24, Major Sergei Fedorchenko was appointed acting, but the very next day Lieutenant Colonel Yevgeny Ptashnik was appointed as the new acting.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

January-March 2015: conflict between Melnychuk's group and Ukrainian authorities


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On January 29, 2015, former battalion commander Sergei Melnichuk announced that de jure on January 26, the battalion was disbanded [85].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On January 30, Melnichuk's supporters blocked traffic in Kiev on Povitroflotsky Avenue [86] and tried to storm the building of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

They managed to drop off the front door, but illegal entry was stopped at the checkpoint.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On the same day, Sergei Melnichuk said that the AFU in the ATO zone began to use artillery against the fighters of “Aydar” [88] [89].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

During an attempt to storm the Ministry of Defense, platoon Maxim Kozub was kidnapped by some employees of the battalion related to the Aidar 02 organized crime group.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

But in the evening of the same day, he was recaptured from the kidnappers by a group of colleagues, under the command of Alexander Zolotukhin (“Argument”), a native of the Golden Company [90]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to Ukrainian media reports, the protesters were not active, but former fighters of “Aydar”, involved in organized crime and associated with Oleg Lyashko's party, of which he is a deputy Melnichuk.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On February 2, after negotiations between the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the negotiating group of supporters of Melnychuk, the participants of the negotiating group who left the building of the Ministry said that the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine on the disbandment of the battalion “Aydar” canceled.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On March 2, a representative of the Ukrainian General Staff reported that on the basis of the volunteer battalion “Aidar”, the 24th separate assault battalion of the ground forces of Ukraine was formed, which is located in subordination of military unit A-1314. [93]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Crimes and human rights violations


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the testimony of “Aydar”


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Soldiers of the battalion said in an interview that after the end of the battle on June 13-14, 2014, they finished off wounded rebels in the Schastya area [9].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the OSCE


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On 21 August 2014, observers of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine reported that they had received new evidence of violations of citizens' rights by the Aidar battalion stationed north of Lugansk.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

At a meeting organized by the police chief of Starobilsk, the observers received a certificate from a man who was arrested by representatives of the 24th battalion in the village of Polovinkino and accused of separatism.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

At the same time, he was threatened with murder if his wife did not pay more than $10,000.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

After paying the ransom, he was released on the same day. [94]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The organization has previously reported on the illegal actions of the battalion [41] [95].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the UN


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

From the 11th report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner (paragraph 122), it follows that as of June 25, 2015, the crimes of the Aidar Battalion (including kidnapping and ill-treatment) are open 110 criminal cases [96].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The UN report “Sexual Violence Related to the Conflict in Ukraine” documented illustrative cases of arbitrariness and sexual violence by soldiers of the Aidar battalion [97] [98].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

One of the situations took place in March 2016.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

At one of the checkpoints controlled by “Aydar”, a car with three women was stopped, which was refused to pass under the pretext that the husband of one of the women was wanted by the SBU.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Her passport and mobile phone were taken away, after which the commander got into her car and, putting his hand on her knee, offered to settle the matter.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Having been refused, he summoned armed fighters in camouflage without insignia, who took the women to the nearest police station.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The police could not clearly explain the reason for the detention and a few hours later the women were released [97] [98].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In addition to the UN thematic report on sexual violence, this case was also included in the report on the human rights situation in Ukraine for August-November 2016 [99] [100].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The first UN report also describes another case: on December 5, 2015, the household of one of the women was attacked by members of the Aidar battalion who were under the influence of alcohol or drugs [97] [ 98].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Some of them were armed.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On December 18, 2015, they again attacked her on the street, stalked her, beat her using obscene language with a sexual context.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The police did not take any measures to protect the victim, fearing confrontation with the guilt [97] [98].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner [101] [102] provides evidence that in 2015-2016 there were cases of involvement of soldiers of the battalion “Aydar” in the seizure of real estate local population.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

For example, one of the private houses in Lugansk was occupied by the AFU servicemen, soldiers of the Aidar and Dnipro-1 battalions from January 7, 2015 to March 2016, looted and partially destroyed.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Another report from this department documented the case [103] of the involvement of soldiers of the battalion “Aidar” in the disappearance of a Ukrainian citizen who, according to available information, was killed (body not found) in order to taking possession of his car.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In connection with this case in Kyiv on June 25, 2015, one of the instructors of “Aydar” was arrested on charges of illegal possession of a vehicle, kidnapping and illegal detention of a person [103].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The 9th report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner (paragraph 72) [104] notes that as of February 4, 2015, 26 criminal cases have been initiated against the personnel of the Ukrainian battalions “Aidar” and “Donbass” cases involving human rights violations, unlawful deprivation of liberty and detention.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In addition, paragraph 46 provides information that the Dnipro-1, Donbass and Kryvbas battalions deprive representatives of humanitarian organizations of access to prisoners.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to Amnesty International


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On September 7, 2014, the international non-governmental organization Amnesty International published a report, which states that the soldiers of the battalion are involved in kidnappings, unlawful arrests, brutal treatment, theft, blackmail, extortion of large sums of money and possibly execution of detainees


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

For example: on August 25—27, 2014, Aydar fighters kidnapped four miners living in Novodruzhesk, and one of them had severe lung cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the patient, the “Aydar”, threatening with personal weapons, broke into his house, beat him, broke his jaw, tied him up, wrapped his eyes with adhesive tape and brought him to a kind of temporarily organized prison, which already held “12 to 15 people”.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

He clearly heard the screams of those who had been tortured in the next rooms.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The victim was released only a few days later, while the keys to the apartment, wallet, cash and all bank cards were seized from him [105].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Amnesty International noted that some crimes can be regarded as military, and the command of this unit may be held responsible under Ukrainian or international laws.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

During the investigation, on the results of which the report was made, both victims and witnesses, as well as representatives of local authorities, the army and police and volunteers from the unit itself were interviewed [106 ].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Nevertheless, the commander of the battalion “Aydar” told human rights defenders:


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In general, according to the human rights organization Amnesty International [107], there is a large number of reliable evidence of flagrant violations of human rights (the use of torture, extrajudicial detention under guards, etc.) by the personnel of the Azov and Aidar battalions.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the UN monitoring mission HRMMU (Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine)


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

A report by Global Rights Compliance LLP, which was published in November 2016 under the auspices of the British Embassy in Kiev [108] recorded the accusations of soldiers of the volunteer battalion “Aidar” disappearances, arbitrary detention and mistreatment of detainees.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The material collected by the authors of the report was based on data provided by the UN mission in September 2014 [109].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Similar allegations collected by HRMMU officers were documented against fighters from the Dnipro-1, Kyiv-1 and Kyiv-2 battalions [108].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to local residents


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to a resident of the village of Khryashchuvate in the Luhansk region, soldiers of the Aidar battalion robbed their houses [41] [110].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On July 28, 2014, servicemen of the battalion “Aidar” detained and kidnapped employees of the Lenin regional department of the Leningrad State University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

After taking them to the battalion, they were placed in a pit, beaten, humiliated and tortured.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

They resulted in bodily injuries in the form of rupture of the membrane of the right ear, fractures of the ribs, contusion of the chest, etc. Information on these circumstances was entered by the Starobilsk regional department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the ERDR under the number 12014130580000905 dated August 2, 2014 with the legal qualification “illegal deprivation of liberty” [111]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to the Ukrainian authorities


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In October 2014, a certificate was published on thirty-two crimes documented by the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine by the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine for which criminal cases were initiated (in the period from May to August).


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

However, they were never investigated. [112]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On November 17, 2014, on the website of the governor of Luhansk region Hennadiy Moskal there was a message that the number of kidnappings is increasing.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The victims were detained by unknown armed men in public places.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

In 7 cases, the abductees were held in military unit B0624 (“Aydar” battalion) [113].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On November 7, a grenade exploded in a private house illegally occupied by unknown persons in camouflage in Starobilsk.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

When inspecting the premises, the police, who arrived at the scene, found in the basement the bodies of citizens M. Ustinova, S. Bakulina and A. Plotnikov with signs of torture.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Three residents of Kyiv and one from Cherkasy region, armed with assault rifles and grenades, were detained on suspicion of kidnapping and subsequent murder.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The command of the battalion disowned them, but one of the detainees, Valery Mykhailyuk, found a certificate stating that he was a serviceman of military unit B0624 and a combatant [114].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

According to law enforcers, January 15, 2015 p. Polovinkino three “Aydar” drank alcoholic beverages in the cafe of the Mir Hotel, and then started shooting from assault rifles.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

At about 9 pm, law enforcement officers went to the scene and arrested the violators.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

But at about 22.00 the Starobilsk regional department was surrounded by fighters of “Aydar”, armed with assault rifles, grenades and a grenade launcher demanding the release of their brethren.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Under such circumstances, the policemen were forced to release the detained “Aydar” [115].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On March 1, 2015, Gennady Moskal announced a new detention by the police of a group of Aydar residents who were engaged in car theft, robbery, looting, racketeering and other crimes [116].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On March 31, G. The Russian sent an appeal to the Minister of Defense, the chief of the General Staff, the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Prosecutor General of Ukraine with new facts of crimes of “Aydar”: on March 16 three soldiers of the battalion in a state of alcohol intoxications broke the door and entered the apartment of a resident of Lysychansk, beat him, causing numerous bodily injuries, after which they went outside and opened fire with firearms.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On March 29, two policemen in the village of Petrovka, Stanytsia Luhanska district, were driving an official car and were fired from a machine gun from a Nissan car with the symbols of the Aidar battalion.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

The wheels and body of the car were damaged.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On March 1, in Lysychansk, 5 military “Aydar”, armed with assault rifles, came into conflict with the soldiers of the Ternopil battalion and staged a shootout in the city center [117].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On April 1, 2015, on the official website of the governor of Luhansk region Hennadiy Moskal, there was a message about the seizure by fighters of “Aydar” of the bakery of UkrVeresk LLC in the village. Petrovka of the Stanichno-Lugansky district and about raising the price of bread by them while simultaneously blocking the supply of bread from other districts [118] [119].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Despite the fact that the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine denied the involvement of the soldiers of the battalion “Aidar” in this episode, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine subsequently established by investigative means the involvement of the “Aydar” in the seizure bakery, which led to a shortage of bread, its sharp rise in price and social tension in Stanichna Luhanske and neighboring districts.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

[120] [121]


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

More information


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

On August 8, 2014, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky III degree was awarded to the head of the medical service of the Aidar battalion, senior lieutenant of the medical service Gorobets Ruslan Nikolaevich, and the Order “For Courage” III degree — Junior Sergeant Andrey Mikhailovich Kolesnik (posthumously) and soldier Khamraev Rustam Shoniyozovich (posthumously) [122].


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

There is no information on the total number of awarded servicemen of the battalion.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

See also


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Donbass Battalion


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Ukrainian Volunteer Corps


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

People's rear


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Notes


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

References


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Artem Chapay.


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Insider, 05.01.2015


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Category:Battalions of territorial defense of Ukraine


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Category:Military units and formations established in 2014


Question: Where did the name of the assault battalion “Aydar” come from?

Aidar battalion

Category:Military units and formations of Ukraine


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (German: Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche [ˈfiːdż ˈvộlhlm ˈniːtə]; October 15, 1844 — August 25, 1900) was a German thinker, classical philologist, composer, poet, creator of an original philosophical doctrine, which is emphasized non-academic in nature (as well as other areas of the philosophy of life) and has become widespread, which goes far beyond the scientific and philosophical community.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The fundamental concept includes special criteria for assessing reality that have questioned the fundamental principles of the current forms of morality, religion, culture and socio-political relationships.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Presented in an aphoristic manner, Nietzsche's works allow for ambiguous interpretations, causing much controversy.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Biography


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Childhood years


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche was born in 1844 in Röcken (near Leipzig, Saxony province of Prussia), the son of Lutheran pastor Carl Ludwig Nietzsche (1813—1849).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In 1846, he had a sister Elizabeth, then brother Ludwig Joseph, who died in 1849 six months after the death of their father.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He was brought up by his mother until in 1858 he went to study at the famous Pfort Gymnasium.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

There he became interested in studying ancient texts, carried out the first tests of writing, experienced a strong desire to become a musician, was keenly interested in philosophical and ethical problems, and enjoyed reading Schiller, Byron and especially Hölderlin, and also got acquainted with Wagner's music for the first time.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Years of adolescence


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In October 1862, he went to the University of Bonn, where he began studying theology and philology.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He quickly became disillusioned with student life and, trying to influence his comrades, was misunderstood and rejected by them.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

This was one of the reasons for his imminent move to the University of Leipzig, following his mentor Professor Friedrich Richl.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

However, Nietzsche's studies in philology did not bring satisfaction in his new place, even despite his brilliant success in this field: at the age of 24, while still a student, he was invited to the position Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Basel is an unprecedented case in the history of European universities [2].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche could not take part in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870: at the beginning of his professorial career, he demonstratively renounced Prussian citizenship, and the authorities of neutral Switzerland banned him direct participation in battles, allowing only service as a nurse.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Accompanying the car with the wounded, he contracted dysentery and diphtheria.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friendship with Wagner


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

On November 8, 1868, Nietzsche met Richard Wagner.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

It was very different from Nietzsche's usual and already burdened philological environment and made an extremely strong impression on the philosopher.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

They were united by spiritual unity: from mutual passion for the art of the ancient Greeks and love for Schopenhauer's work to the aspirations of rebuilding the world and reviving the spirit of the nation.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In May 1869, he visited Wagner in Tribschen, becoming almost a member of the family.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

However, their friendship did not last long: only about three years until 1872, when Wagner moved to Bayreuth, and their relationship began to cool down.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche could not accept the changes that had arisen in him, which, in his opinion, were expressed in betraying their common ideals, indulging the interests of the public, and eventually adopting Christianity.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The final break was caused by Wagner's negative statement about Nietzsche's 1878 book Human, Too Human, which Wagner called “sad evidence of illness” by its author [3].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche's change of attitude towards Wagner was marked by the book Der Fall Wagner, 1888, where the author expresses his sympathy for Bizet's work.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Crisis and recovery


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche has never been in good health.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

At the age of 18, he began to experience severe headaches, severe insomnia, and by the age of 30 he experienced a sharp deterioration in his health.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He was almost blind, had unbearable headaches and insomnia, which he treated with opiates, as well as stomach problems.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

On May 2, 1879, he left teaching at the university, receiving a pension with an annual allowance of 3,000 francs.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

His later life became a struggle against the disease, despite which he wrote his works.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He himself described this time as follows:


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

... at the age of thirty-six, I fell to the lowest limit of my vitality — I was still living, but I did not see three steps ahead of me.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

At that time — it was in 1879 — I left the professor in Basel, lived like a shadow in St. Moritz in the summer, and spent the next winter, the poorest winter of my life, like a shadow in Naumburg.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

This was my minimum: “The Wanderer and His Shadow” arose in the meantime.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Without a doubt, I knew a lot about shadows at the time... Next winter, my first winter in Genoa, the softening and spiritualization, which is almost due to extreme impoverishment in blood and muscles, created Dawn of the Morning.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Perfect clarity, transparency, even excessive spirit, reflected in this work, coexisted in me not only with the deepest physiological weakness, but also with the excess of pain.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Among the torture of three days of continuous headaches, accompanied by painful vomiting with mucus, I had clarity in the dialectics of par excellence, thought very coldly about things for which in more in healthy conditions, I would not find enough refinement and tranquility in myself, I would not find the audacity of a climber.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Morning Dawn was published in July 1881, and began a new stage in Nietzsche's work — the stage of the most fruitful work and significant ideas.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Zarathustra


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

At the end of 1882, Nietzsche traveled to Rome, where he met Lou Salome (1861—1937), who left a significant mark on his life.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche was captivated from the first seconds by her flexible mind and incredible charm.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He found her a sensitive listener, and she, in turn, was shocked by the ardor of his thoughts.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He proposed to her twice, but she refused, offering her friendship in return.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

After a while, together with their mutual acquaintance Paul Rae, they organize a kind of union, living under the same roof and discussing the advanced ideas of philosophers.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

But six months later, it was destined to break up: Elizabeth, Nietzsche's sister, was unhappy with Lou's influence on her brother and solved the problem in her own way by writing that rude letter.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

As a result of the ensuing quarrel, Nietzsche and Salome separated forever.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche will soon write the first part of his key work, So Spoke Zarathustra, which guesses the influence of Lou and her “perfect friendship”.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In April 1884, the second and third parts of the book were published simultaneously, and in 1885 Nietzsche published the fourth and last with his own money in the amount of only 40 copies and distributed some of them to close friends, including, for example, Helene von Druskowitz.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Recent years


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The final stage of Nietzsche's work is both the stage of writing works that form the mature appearance of his philosophy, and misunderstandings, both on the part of the general public and close friends.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Popularity came to him only in the late 1880s.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche's creative activity ended at the beginning of 1889 due to a blurred mind.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

It occurred after a seizure caused by the beating of a horse in front of Nietzsche [4].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

There are several versions that explain the cause of the disease.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Among them is the treatment of the headache and insomnia described above with chloral and veronal [5], the harmful effects of which on the nervous system were not known during the life of the philosopher; poor heredity ( Nietzsche's father suffered from a mental disorder at the end of his life); possible syphilis, which caused progressive paralysis with mental impairment [6]; schizophrenia [7] [6]; tumor brain [8] [9].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Dr. K. Hildebrandt noted that there is no convincing evidence of Nietzsche's disease with syphilis [6].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

His medical history lacks the main symptoms of syphilis [10].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Lange-Eichbaum and Kurt wrote that since his youth Nietzsche had a schizoid personality disorder with hysterical features, which later turned into paranoid schizophrenia with an outcome of dementia [6] [11].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The philosopher was admitted to the Basel psychiatric hospital by his friend, professor of theology, Frans Overbeck, where he stayed until March 1890, when Nietzsche's mother took him to her home in Naumburg.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

After the death of his mother (1897), Friedrich can neither move nor speak: he is struck by the 2nd and 3rd apoplexy blows [12].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The disease did not recede from the philosopher a single step until his death on August 25, 1900.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He was buried in an ancient church in Rökken, dating back to the first half of the 12th century.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

His relatives rest next to him.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

philosophy


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche was one of the first to question the unity of the subject, the causality of the will, the truth as a single foundation of the world, the possibility of rational justification of actions.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The aphoristic nature of Nietzsche's philosophy


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

As a classical philologist by training, Nietzsche paid great attention to the style of conducting and presenting his philosophy, gaining fame as an outstanding stylist [13].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche's philosophy is not organized into a system for which he considered the will to be a lack of honesty [14].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The most significant form of his philosophy is aphorisms expressing the captured movement of the author's state and thought, which are in eternal formation [13].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The reasons for this style are definitely not revealed.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

On the one hand, this presentation is due to Nietzsche's desire to spend a long part of his time walking, which deprived him of the opportunity to consistently take notes of thoughts.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

On the other hand, the philosopher's disease also imposed its limitations, which does not allow you to look at white sheets of paper for a long time without cutting your eyes.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nevertheless, the aphoristic nature of the letter should also be attributed (in the spirit of Nietzsche's philosophy with its nurtured amor fati, otherwise love of fate) to the conscious choice of the philosopher, considering it the result of his development beliefs.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

An aphorism, as its own comment, unfolds only when the reader is involved in a constant reconstructing of a meaning that goes far beyond the context of an individual aphorism.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

This movement of meaning can never end, more adequately reproducing the experience of life.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Life, so open in thought, turns out to be proven by the very fact of reading an aphorism that looks unsubstantiated.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

[16] [17] [18]


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Healthy and decadent


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In his philosophy, Nietzsche developed a new attitude to reality, built on the metaphysics of “being of formation”, and not given and immutability.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Within the framework of this view, truth as the correspondence of the idea to reality can no longer be considered the ontological basis of the world, but becomes only a private value [19].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Values that come to the fore are generally assessed by their relevance to the tasks of life: the healthy glorify and strengthen life, while the decadent represent disease and decay.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Every sign is already a sign of impotence and impoverishment of life, which in its fullness is always an event.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Revealing the meaning behind the symptom reveals the source of decline.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

From this point of view, Nietzsche attempts to reassess values that are still uncritically taken for granted.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Dionysus and Apollo.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Socrates problem


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche saw the source of healthy culture in the coexistence of two principles: Dionysian and Apollonian.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The first represents the unbridled, fatal, heady passion of life coming from the very depths of nature, returning man to the immediate harmony of the world and unity of everything with everything; the second, Apollonian , envelops life with “the beautiful appearance of dream worlds”, allowing you to put up with it.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Mutually overcoming each other, Dionysian and Apollonian develop in a strict ratio.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Within the framework of art, the clash of these principles leads to the birth of an ancient Greek tragedy, on the material of which Nietzsche unfolds the picture of the formation of culture.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Observing the development of the culture of Ancient Greece, Nietzsche focused on the figure of Socrates.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He asserted the possibility of understanding and even correcting life through the dictatorship of reason.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Thus, Dionysus was expelled from culture, and Apollo degenerated into logical schematism.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The forced bias is the source of the crisis of culture, which turned out to be drained of blood and devoid, in particular, of myths.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

[20] [2]


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

God's death.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nihilism


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

One of the most striking symbols captured and considered by Nietzsche's philosophy was the so-called death of God.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

It marks the loss of confidence in the supersensitive foundations of value guidelines, that is, nihilism manifested in Western European philosophy and culture.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

This process, according to Nietzsche, proceeds from the ill health of the very spirit of Christian teaching, which gives preference to the other world.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The death of God is manifested in the feeling of homelessness, orphanhood, and the loss of the guarantor of the goodness of existence that embraces people.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Old values do not satisfy a person, because he feels their lifelessness and does not feel that they relate specifically to him.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“God suffocated in theology, morality in morality,” writes Nietzsche, they have become alien to man.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

As a result, nihilism is on the rise, which goes from simply denying the possibility of any meaning and chaotic wandering around the world to a consistent reassessment of all values to bring them back to the service of life.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Eternal return


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche sees eternal return as the way something acquires being: constancy in eternity is gained through the repeated return of the same thing, and not through enduring immutability [21].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In this consideration, the question that comes to the fore is not the cause of things, but why it always returns this way and not others.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

A kind of master key to this issue is the idea of the will to power: such things return, which, in accordance with reality with itself, created the prerequisites for return.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The ethical side of eternal return is to ask about belonging to him: are you now there to wish for the eternal return of the same thing.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Thanks to this statement, every moment returns the measure of the eternal: what stands the test of eternal return is valuable, and not what can initially be placed in the perspective of the eternal.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The epitome of belonging to eternal return is superman.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

[13] [2]


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Superman


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

A superman is a person who has managed to overcome the fragmentation of his existence, who has regained peace and raised his gaze above its horizon.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Superman, according to Nietzsche, is the meaning of the earth, in which nature finds its ontological justification.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In contrast, the last man represents the degeneration of the human race, lives in complete oblivion of his essence, leaving it at the mercy of the animal stay in comfortable conditions.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The will to power


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The will to power is the organizing principle of all living things and, more broadly, existing.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Translated also as the will to power, this principle affirms the creative nature of formation, in which disparate facts of being acquire a single measure of existence.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

At the same time, the will to power is not arbitrariness or violence against things, but only the desire to fulfill the elementary duty of life is to be able to.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

[22] [13]


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Influence and criticism


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Ancient scholar Wilhelm Nestle in 1890 pointed to Nietzsche's willful interpretation of early Greek philosophers [23].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Since the 1890s, philosopher Vladimir Solovyov has been arguing with Nietzsche both in the press and in his philosophical works.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

To create his main work on moral issues, Justification of Good (1897), he was prompted by his disagreement with Nietzschev's denial of absolute moral norms.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In this work, Solovyov tried to combine the idea of the absolute value of morality with ethics that allow freedom of choice and the possibility of self-realization.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In 1899, in his article “The Idea of Superman”, he expressed regret that Nietzsche's philosophy affected Russian youth.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

According to his observations, the idea of superman is one of the most interesting ideas that have captured the minds of the new generation.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

These also include, in his opinion, Marx's “economic materialism” and Tolstoy's “abstract moralism”.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Like Nietzsche's other opponents, Solovyov reduces Nietzsche's philosophy of morality to arrogance and willfulness.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The bad side of Nietzscheanism is striking. Contempt for a weak and sick humanity, a pagan view of strength and beauty, appropriating some exceptional superhuman meaning in advance — first, alone, and then yourself collectively, as a chosen minority of the “best”, master natures, who are allowed to do anything, because their will is the supreme law for others, this is the obvious misconception of Nietzscheanism.”


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche had a significant influence on the early work of M. Gorky (on the writer's portrait painted by V. A. Serov in 1905, it can be seen that he designed himself near Nietzsche).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Citizenship, Nationality, Ethnicity


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche is usually ranked among the philosophers of Germany.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The modern unified national state, called Germany, did not exist at the time of its birth, but there was a union of German states, and Nietzsche was a citizen of one of them, Prussia.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

When Nietzsche became a professor at the University of Basel, he applied for the revocation of Prussian citizenship.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The official response confirming the revocation of citizenship came in the form of a document dated April 17, 1869.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

According to popular belief, Nietzsche's ancestors were Poles.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche himself confirmed this circumstance.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In 1888, he wrote: “My ancestors were Polish nobles (Nice)” [24].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In one of his statements, Nietzsche is even more affirmative about his Polish origin: “I am a purebred Polish nobleman, without a single drop of dirty blood, of course, without German blood” [25].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In another case, Nietzsche said: “Germany is a great nation only because so much Polish blood flows through the veins of its people... I am proud of my Polish origin” [26].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In one of his letters, he testifies: “I was brought up to attribute the origin of my blood and name to the Polish nobles who were glorified Nice and who left their home and title about a hundred years ago, yielding as a result to unbearable pressure — they were Protestants” [27].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche believed that his surname could be Germanized.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Most scholars dispute Nietzsche's opinion about the origin of his family.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Hans von Müller denied the pedigree put forward by Sister Nietzsche in favor of noble Polish origin.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Max Ohler, curator of the Nietzsche Archives in Weimar, claimed that all Nietzsche's ancestors bore German names, even the families of his wives.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Ohler claims that Nietzsche came from a long-standing family of German Lutheran clergymen on both sides of his family, and modern scholars consider Nietzsche's claims about his Polish origin as “pure fiction.”


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Collie and Montinari, editors of Nietzsche's collection of letters, characterize Nietzsche's statements as “baseless” and “erroneous”.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The Nietzsche surname itself is not Polish, but it is common throughout central Germany in this and related forms, such as Nitsche and Nitzke.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The surname comes from the name Nikolai, abbreviated as Nick, under the influence of the Slavic name Nits first took the form of Nitsche, and then Nietzsche.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

It is not known why Nietzsche wanted him to be classified as a noble Polish family.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

According to biographer R. J.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Hollingdale, Nietzsche's claims about his Polish origin may have been part of his “campaign against Germany.”


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Sister Relationship


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche's sister Elisabeth Nietzsche (1846—1935) married an ideologist of anti-Semitism, who decided to go to Paraguay to organize a German colony there with like-minded people.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Elizabeth went with him in 1886 to Paraguay, but soon Bernard committed suicide due to financial problems, and Elizabeth returned to Germany.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

According to Nietzsche himself, his sister's anti-Semitism caused her discord [28].


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche was in a tense relationship with his sister for some time, but by the end of his life, the need to take care of himself forced Nietzsche to restore relations.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche was the manager of Friedrich Nietzsche's literary heritage.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

She published her brother's books in her own editorial office, and for many materials did not give permission to publish.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Thus, “The Will to Power” was in the plan of Nietzsche's work, but he never wrote this work.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Elizabeth published this book based on her brother's drafts she edited.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

She also removed all of her brother's remarks about her disgust for her sister.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Elizabeth's twenty-volume collection of works by Nietzsche was a standard for reprints until the middle of the 20th century.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

It was not until 1967 that Italian scientists published previously inaccessible works without distortion.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In 1930, Elizabeth became a Nazi supporter.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

By 1934, she had achieved that Hitler visited the Nietzsche Museum-Archive she had created three times, took a picture respectfully looking at the Nietzsche bust, and declared the archive museum the center of the National Socialist ideologies.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

A copy of Zarathustra Spoke So, together with Mein Kampf and Rosenberg's The Myth of the Twentieth Century, were solemnly placed together in the crypt of Hindenburg.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Hitler awarded Elizabeth a lifetime pension for services to the Fatherland.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Views on the female gender


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche also paid great attention to the “women's issue”, to which he had an extremely controversial attitude.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Some commentators call the philosopher a misogynist, others an anti-feminist, and others a champion of feminism.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche as a composer


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche studied music from the age of 6, when his mother gave him a piano, and at the age of 10 he already tried to compose.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

He continued to study music during his school and student years.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The main influences on Nietzsche's early musical development were Viennese classics and romanticism.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche composed a lot in 1862-1865 — piano pieces, vocal lyrics.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

At this time, he worked, in particular, on the symphonic poem Ermanarich (1862), which was only partially completed, in the form of a piano fantasy.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Among the songs composed by Nietzsche during these years are “Spell” to the words of the poem of the same name by A. S. Pushkin; four songs to poems by Sh.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Petofi; “From the Times of Youth” to lyrics by F. Rückert and “The Stream Flows” to lyrics by K. Grotto; “The Tempest”, “Getting Better and Better” and “The Child in Front of an Extinct Candle” to lyrics by A. von Chamisso.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche's later works include Echoes of New Year's Eve (originally written for violin and piano, revised for piano duo, 1871) and Manfred. Meditation” (piano duet, 1872).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The first of these works was criticized by R. Wagner, and second by Hans von Bülow.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Depressed by the authority of von Bülow, after that Nietzsche almost ceased to study music.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

His last work was Hymn to Friendship (1874), which he later, in 1882, converted into a song for voice and piano, borrowing a poem by his new friend Lou Andreas von Salome's Hymn to Life (and a few years later Peter Gast wrote an arrangement for choir and orchestra).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Artworks


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Main works


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The Birth of Tragedy, or Hellenism and Pessimism” (Die Geburt der Tragödie, 1872)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Untimely reflections” (Unzeitgemässe Betrachtungen, 1872—1876)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

David Strauss as a Confessor and Writer (David Strauss: der Bekenner und der Schriftsteller, 1873)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“On the benefits and harms of history for life” (Vom Nutzen und Nachtheil der Historie für das Leben, 1874)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Schopenhauer as a Educator (Schopenhauer als Erzieher, 1874)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Richard Wagner in Bayreuth (1876)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Human, too human. A book for free minds” (Menschliches, Allzumenschliches, 1878).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

With two additions:


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Mixed opinions and sayings” (Vermischte Meinungen und Sprüche, 1879)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The Wanderer and His Shadow” (Der Wanderer und sein Schatten, 1880)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Morning Dawn, or Thoughts of Moral Prejudice” (Morgenröte, 1881)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Fun Science” (Die fröhliche Wissenschaft, 1882, 1887)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“That's what Zarathustra said. A book for everyone and for no one” (Also sprach Zarathustra, 1883—1885)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“On the other side of good and evil. Prelude to the Philosophy of the Future” (Jenseits von Gut und Böse, 1886)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“To the genealogy of morality. Polemical essay” (Zur Genealogie der Moral, 1887)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

The Wagner Case (Der Fall Wagner, 1888)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The Twilight of Idols, or How They Philosophize with a Hammer” (Götzen-Dämmerung, 1888), also known as The Fall of Idols, or How You Can Philosophize with a Hammer


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The Antichrist. The Curse of Christianity” (Der Antichrist, 1888)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Ecce Homo. How they become themselves” (Ecce Homo, 1888)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The Will to Power” (Der Wille zur Macht, 1886—1888, 1st ed. 1901, 2nd ed. 1906), a book collected from Nietzsche's notes by editors E.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Förster-Nietzsche and P. Gastom.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

As M. Montinari, although Nietzsche planned to write the book “The Will to Power. Experience of reassessing all values” (Der Wille zur Macht — Versuch einer Umwertung aller Werte), which is mentioned at the end of the work “To the Genealogy of Morality”, but left this idea, while drafts served as material for the books “Twilight of Idols” and “Antichrist” (both written in 1888).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Other works


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Homer and Classical Philology (Homer und die klassische Philologie, 1869)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“On the Future of Our Educational Institutions” (Über die Zukunft unserer Bildungsanstalten, 1871—1872)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Five Prefaces to Five Unwritten Books (Fünf Vorreden zu fünf ungeschriebenen Büchern, 1871—1872)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“On the pathos of truth” (Über das Pathos der Wahrheit)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Thoughts about the future of our educational institutions” (Gedanken über die Zukunft unserer Bildungsanstalten)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Greek State” (Der griechische Staat)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“The relationship between Schopenhauer's philosophy and German culture” (Das Verhältnis der Schopenhauerischen Philosophie zu einer deutschen Cultur)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Homer's Competition (Homers Wettkampf)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“On Truth and Lies in a Non-Moral Sense” (Über Wahrheit und Lüge im außermoralischen Sinn, 1873)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Philosophy in the Tragic Era of Greece” (Die Philosophie im tragischen Zeitalter der Griechen, 1873)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Nietzsche contra Wagner (1888)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Youthful works


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“From My Life” (Aus meinem Leben, 1858)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“About Music” (Über Musik, 1858)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Napoleon III as President (Napoleon III als Praesident, 1862)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Fatum and History (Fatum und Geschichte, 1862)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Free Will and Fatum (Willensfreiheit und Fatum, 1862)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“Can an envious person be really happy?” (Kann der Neidische je wahrhaft glücklich sein? , 1863)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

“On moods” (Über Stimmungen, 1864)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

My Life (Mein Leben, 1864)


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Cinematography


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In Liliana Cavani's film “Al di là del bene e del male” (1977), Nietzsche embodies Erland Jozefson (Lou Salome — Dominic Sanda, Paul Rae — Robert Powell, Elizabeth Förster-Nietzsche — Virna Lizi).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In a biopic (Portuguese: Dias de Nietzsche em Turim, 2001), the philosopher was played by a Brazilian actor.


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In Pinchas Perry's film “When Nietzsche Wept” (English: “When Nietzsche Wept”, USA-Israel, 2007, based on the novel by Yalom Irwin), the title character was played by Armand Assante (Lou Salome vs Catherine Winnick , Joseph Breuyer — Ben Cross, Sigmund Freud —, Bertha Pappenheim —).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

In Nina Shorina's film Nietzsche in Russia (2007).


Question: What was the name of Nietzsche's key work?

Friedrich Nietzsche

Hungarian director Bela Tarr's film “The Horse of Turin” (Hungarian: “A torinói ló”, 2011) is based on the story [29] of Nietzsche, who witnessed the beating of a horse by a cab driver in Turin on January 3, 1889.