Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Trotsky speaks at the People's House on October 21, saying that “the Soviet government will destroy the trench harvest. It will give land and heal the internal devastation. The Soviet government will give everything that is in the country to the poor and comfrey. You, bourgeois, have two fur coats — give one to the soldier... Do you have warm boots? Stay at home. A worker needs your boots.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Menshevik Sukhanov N. N. ,


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The audience was almost ecstatic.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

It seemed that the crowd would now sing some revolutionary anthem without any collusion... A resolution is proposed: to stand to the last drop of blood for workers and peasants... Who is for it?


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A crowd of 1,000 raised their hands like one person.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Let your voice be your vow to support with all your might and with all dedication the Council, which has taken on the great burden of bringing the victory of the revolution to the end and giving people land, bread and peace.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Many units transferred to the capital in July, in particular, the 4th Don Cossack Regiment, also go over to the side of the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Also, the crew of the cruiser Aurora, which completed repairs at the shipyard, goes over to their side.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The command is trying to withdraw the cruiser from Petrograd, ordering to go to sea to test the vehicles, but at the request of the VRK, Tsentrobalt cancels this order.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 22, the Bolshevik VRK announces that the orders of the headquarters of the Petrograd Military District are invalid without the consent of the VRK.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 23, Trotsky speaks to the last swing unit in Petrograd, the garrison of the Peter and Paul Fortress, and “razagitates” her, convincing her to take an “oath of allegiance to the Soviets.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Until that moment, the mood of the garrison of the fortress aroused suspicion among the Bolsheviks, and Antonov-Ovseenko even prepared a plan for its assault.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 24, Stalin wrote an editorial for the Bolshevik newspaper Rabochiy Put “What do we need?” , in which he called for the overthrow of the Provisional Government, stating that “... enemies of the people are sitting in the government... we need the current self-styled government, not elected by the people and not responsible to the people, replace the government, the people with recognized, elected representatives of workers, soldiers and peasants, responsible to these representatives.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kerensky's “offensive”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kerensky's response is indecisive: he cannot seek help from the military, realizing that in case of his speech, they will destroy him together with the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In Kerensky's own words, the Provisional Government was “between the hammer of the Kornilov people and the anvil of the Bolsheviks” [62].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Back in May 1917, Kerensky expressed regret that he did not die two months ago, “while the revolution was still young,” and said that “Is the Russian free state really a state of rebellious slaves?” [63]


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Just one day before the uprising, on October 24 (November 6), 1917, moderate socialists make their last attempt to escape: on the initiative of the Social Revolutionaries and Menshevik factions, the Pre-Parliament adopts a resolution calling on the Interim Government to immediately transfer land to peasant land committees and also to begin peace negotiations immediately.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to researcher Ganelin R. SH.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

a similar “transition formula”, “intercepting” the slogans of the Bolsheviks, was proposed by US representatives Robinson R. and Thompson W. B.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, the head of the Provisional Government refused to follow this resolution


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition, the leader of the Social Revolutionaries themselves Chernov V. M. described the “transition formula” as belated: “if you could not hold on to the mane, by the tail and even more so can not resist” [64].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the morning of October 24, the district headquarters took weak half measures: it guarded the Winter Palace, cut off communication with Smolny, closed the printing houses of two Bolshevik newspapers, Soldier and Rabochiy Put (one of the names Pravdy) and built bridges over the Neva.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The forces that were supposed to be transferred to the capital from the front stopped before reaching it, and no more than 3,000 people were pulled to the Winter Palace itself, which was much less than the forces that had a Bolshevik VRK.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The command of the Petrograd Military District prohibits leaving the barracks without special permission, and Kerensky in 1100 speaks at a meeting of the Pre-Parliament, trying to persuade him to his side, after which goes to the headquarters of the Petrograd Military District to personally lead the actions of the cadets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Bolsheviks... open the front of the Russian state in front of the armored fist of Wilhelm and his friends... I qualify such actions of the Russian political party as betrayal and betrayal of the Russian state... A well-known part of the population of St. Petersburg is in a state of uprising... This is an attempt to raise the mob against the existing order... to disrupt the Constituent Assembly and open the front Wilhelm's close-knit iron fist regiments!


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, at a meeting in 1900, the Pre-Parliament refused to grant Kerensky emergency powers to suppress the Bolshevik speech, the Left Social Revolutionaries Kamkov later notes that Kerensky “demanded authority to suppress the Bolshevik uprising, without realizing the fact that there is no one to suppress this uprising, no matter what sanctions it receives.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In his speech in the Pre-Parliament on October 24, he states that “When the Chairman of the Council of Ministers comes here and announces that some mob is rising and demands that our assembly authorize reprisals against her, then, perhaps, the overwhelming majority will give this sanction. But I do not know if the Russian people, the revolutionary army and the labor peasantry will give it. We're not going to play hide and seek. Is there anyone who trusts this government now?.. It does not rely on the revolutionary army or the proletariat, and now it is not mob that is going against it, but precisely the most conscious elements of revolutionary democracy. If we want to seriously destroy the ground on which the horrors of civil war are brewing, we must openly say that the only way out is to create a one-legged, revolutionary democratic authorities, in which there will be no elements that organize demonstrations in honor of Kornilov.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Menshevik Martov also protests Kerensky's statement about the “rebellious mob”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

VRK's “counteroffensive”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Already in the morning of October 24, the Bolshevik Central Committee gathers for a meeting consisting of Kamenev, Sverdlov, Dzerzhinsky, Bubnov, Milyutin, Trotsky, Ioffe, Uritsky, Lomov, Nogin and Berzin, at which it discusses the steps undertaken by the Provisional Government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Kamenev states that by defeating Pravda (Rabochiy Put), the Social Revolutionaries Menshevik All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the First Congress of Soviets, which was operating at that time, violated agreements with the Bolsheviks, and “a break with the CEC must occur it is on this basis.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 24, at 1700, the VRK seizes control of the Central Telegraph, in 1800 over the Petrograd Telephone Agency, 1900 over the Special Presence for Food.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By 11 am on October 25, the Bolsheviks eliminated the consequences of Kerensky's steps, including the bridges were brought together again.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Izmailovsky Guards Regiment, summoned in July to suppress the Bolshevik uprising, has now also defected to their side and occupied the Baltiysky Railway Station after receiving a report of its alleged arrival troops loyal to the Provisional Government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Bolshevik newspapers have resumed their work.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Stalin personally supervises the release from cadets and the resumption of the activities of the Pravda newspaper (at that time published under the name Rabochiy Put).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The corresponding order of the VRK was signed by Podvoisky, and Secretary Antonov [65].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Ironically, the October Armed Uprising in Petrograd takes place on the birthday of the actual head of the VRK Trotsky L. D., who was born on October 25 (November 7).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The VRK issues an appeal in which it states that the speech of the Bolsheviks is “the protection of democracy from counter-revolution.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Lenin, bypassing the Central Committee, appeals to the Petrogradsky and district committees of the party with an appeal that “The government is hesitating. We have to finish him off by all means! Delay in the onset of death is like!”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Having written this appeal, Lenin in makeup goes from the safe house to Smolny, accompanied by Finnish socialist Eino Rahya.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On Shpalernaya Street, they have to hide from the horse patrol of cadets.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Lenin's suspicions are caused by reports of alleged negotiations between the VRK and the headquarters of the district (“What are they cowardly? Here they kept saying that that regiment is ours, that one is ours... do they have 100 soldiers, 50 people? I don't need a regiment”), however, when he gets to Smolny, he is personally convinced that the uprising is still in full swing.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Trotsky's memoirs, Lenin, who broke into Smolny (whom the guards did not want to let in because of the change of passes), after reading in newspapers about the alleged negotiations between the VRK and the district headquarters, “was very fierce is against us.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Trotsky “calms down” Lenin, saying that the reports of the negotiations were misinformation, which the VRK launched as a “military cunning”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Having destroyed the consequences of the actions of the Provisional Government, the Bolshevik VRK, including under pressure from Lenin, is moving from defensive actions to offensive actions.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The forces of the VRK occupy the Nikolaevsky railway station, the Petrogradskaya power plant, the State Bank, at 330am the cruiser Aurora enters the fairway of the Neva.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By order of the VRK, three echelons with revolutionary sailors left for Petrograd from Helsingfors, and a flotilla of patrol boat and five destroyers was also sent from Helsingfors to Petrograd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Several ships are heading to Petrograd from Kronstadt.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Contemporaries describe what is happening with a ditty “many boats come out from behind Kronstadt Island to the expanse of the Neva River, and the Bolsheviks are sitting in them.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On the morning of October 25, Kerensky appeals to the 1st, 4th and 14th Cossack Regiments “to help... revolutionary democracy... to save the dying Russia”, but the Cossacks refused to “serve live targets.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

About 200 people from the 14th Regiment arrive at the Winter Palace.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

They were among the first to leave the palace, telling Lieutenant Alexander Sinegub, who tried to stop them, that “When we came here, we were told fairy tales that almost the whole city was here... the Russian people are there, with Lenin, stayed. And even Kerensky left you here alone, don't be remembered by night.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At 10 am, Lenin writes an appeal “to the citizens of Russia” about the transfer of power from the Provisional Government of Kerensky to the VRK, hoping to face the fact of the II Congress of Soviets, the meeting of which was to begin in a few hours.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At 11 am, Kerensky flees Petrograd, at 12 o'clock the Bolsheviks block the Mariinsky Palace, where the Pre-Parliament met.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1435, Trotsky spoke in Smolny at a meeting of the Petrosoviet, where he announced that “the power of the Provisional Government, headed by Kerensky, was dead and expected the blow of the broom of history, which was supposed to sweep it away.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In response to the objections of one of the delegates that “you prejudge the will of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets”, Trotsky objected in an icy tone: “The will of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets is foregone by the huge fact of the uprising Petrograd workers and soldiers, which took place on the night of today. Now we just have to build on our victory.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After Trotsky, Lenin appears to applause, and announces to the Council that “Comrades! The workers' and peasant revolution, the need for which the Bolsheviks always spoke about, has taken place.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Already in the first days after coming to power, the Bolsheviks declare their determination to use any measures to defeat their political rivals.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Lenin, “They guillotined in Paris, and we will only deprive us of ration cards... Let them yell about arrests. Tverskoy's delegate to the Congress of Soviets said: “Arrest them all,” I understand this; he has an understanding of what the dictatorship of the proletariat is.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Trotsky also states that “You can't, they say, sit on bayonets. But you can't do it without bayonets. We need a bayonet there to sit here... All this bourgeois bastard who is now unable to take either side when he finds out that our power is strong will be with us... The petty-bourgeois mass is looking for the strength to which it must obey. Whoever does not understand this does not understand anything in the world, even less in the state apparatus” [66].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Trotsky's statement actually paraphrased Empress Alexandra Fedorovna, who told Nicholas II in 1916 that “Russia loves the whip”: “Let them feel your fist now... We need a whip... This is Slavic nature is great firmness, even cruelty and at the same time warm love.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to the memoirs of British Ambassador J.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Buchanan,


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

... the Bolsheviks were a compact minority of determined people who knew what they wanted and how to achieve it.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition, they had the superiority of mind on their side, and with the help of their German patrons, they showed organizational talent that they did not initially imagine.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As much as my aversion to their terrorist methods is, and no matter how much I mourn the destruction and poverty into which they have plunged their country, I gladly agree that both Lenin and Trotsky extraordinary people.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The ministers to whom Russia gave up its fate turned out to be all weak and incapable, and now, due to some cruel turn of fate, the only two really strong people it created during the war, were designed to complete its ruin.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, when they came to power, they were still unknown figures, and no one expected them to last long in their posts.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The prospects were so dark that one could only grope through the darkness.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Bolsheviks and Left Social Revolutionaries in the 1917 Revolution (gallery)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the adventurers of the revolution and the Civil War, the Bolshevik Antonov-Ovseenko V. BUT..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He personally arrested the last ministers of the Provisional Government


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He went through life in a very zigzag way, combining service in the tsarist army with the rank of second lieutenant with revolutionary work.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After entering a military school, he refused to take an oath of allegiance to the tsar, after which he was arrested.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After a while, he returned to another military school, and was sworn in.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During the Russo-Japanese War, he tried to raise an uprising, then deserted and arrested twice, fled from the tsarist hard labor.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In seven years, he replaced three Social Democratic factions, being a Menshevik, an internationalist Menshevik, and finally joined Bolshevism.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Bolshevik Krylenko N. V., appointed Supreme Commander-in-Chief since November 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to some sources, in 1917 he had the rank of warrant officer, apparently awarded to him in wartime, as a graduate of St. Petersburg University.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the adventurers [67] of the Revolution and the Civil War, the Baltic sailor Dybenko P. E.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He was very popular among revolutionary sailors.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He played a key role in the events of October 1917, persuading the sailors of the Baltic Fleet, who were weakly subject to any control, to the side of the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the adventurers of the revolution, lieutenant colonel of the tsarist army, left Social Revolutionaries Muravyov M. BUT..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Before the revolution, he was an ardent monarchist and Black Hundred, in the spring and summer of 1917 he actively participated in the organization of “shock” units.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In October 1917, he went over to the side of the Bolsheviks, and commanded troops aimed at suppressing the Kerensky-Krasnov speech, in the winter of 1917/1918 he fought in the Kiev direction.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the inventors of the “echelon war”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the summer of 1918, he received the post of Commander of the Eastern Front of the Red Army, raised a rebellion against the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The leader of the Left Social Revolutionaries, terrorist Spiridonova M. BUT..


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Most contemporaries describe Spiridonova as a fanatic.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1906, she liquidated the tsarist official Luzhenovsky.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After her arrest, she was raped by two gendarmes, who were then liquidated by the Social Revolutionaries as revenge [68].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

She was sentenced to hard labor and released only after the February Revolution.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

He approved the October Revolution and the dispersal of the Constituent Assembly, but objected to the Brest Peace and the policy of the Bolsheviks in the village.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

She personally sanctioned the Left Social Revolutionaries rebellion in Moscow in July 1918.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After its failure, she was arrested five times by the Communists.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

She was last arrested in 1937 and shot on September 11, 1941.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the main organizers of the suppression of the Left Social Revolutionaries rebellion, the Bolshevik Podvoisky N. I., a participant in the seizure of the Kshesinskaya mansion in February 1917, a participant in the storming of the Winter Palace and the suppression of Kerensky-Krasnov's speech.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As chairman of the Supreme Military Inspectorate, he became one of the founders of the regular Red Army.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Social processes that began in Russia after the Bolsheviks came to power


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Revolutionists


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Formation of a one-party state


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Most modern researchers agree that the formation of a one-party state in Russia was not conceived by the Bolsheviks in advance, but became a pure improvisation in conditions of extremely harsh power struggles.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Richard Pipes, the word “party” soon became inapplicable to the RCP (b), as meaning “part” in Latin, as it outlawed all other parties.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

More appropriate, according to Richard Pipes, would be the term “two-part state”, the prototype of which was the Jacobin regime during the French Revolution.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The process of forming such a state was generally completed by the summer of 1918, and the following significant stages can be distinguished in it:


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

II All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers Deputies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Moderate socialists, in protest against the October Revolution, boycott the work of the Congress and refuse to take part in the new government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Menshevik Liber M. I. describes the October Revolution as a “successful counter-revolution”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The first composition of the Council of People's Commissars is 100% Bolsheviks


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Including under pressure from the executive committee of the Vikzhel railway trade union, which threatens a blockade if it refuses to form a “homogeneous socialist government” (a government coalition of all socialist parties), in December 1917, a government coalition of the Bolsheviks and Left Social Revolutionaries was drawn up;


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The outlawing of the Cadet Party on November 28 (December 11), 1917 by the Lenin Decree “On the Arrest of the Leaders of the Civil War against the Revolution”;


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In January 1918, the Bolsheviks and the Left Social Revolutionaries, making sure that they were in the minority in the Constituent Assembly, dispersed it;


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The triumphal march of Soviet power.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By dissolving the Constituent Assembly, the Bolsheviks finally took power in Petrograd, but the seizure of power in the country as a whole had not yet been completed.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

If the Bolsheviks by the fall of 1917 occupied the majority in the local councils of large industrial cities, in the Councils of smaller cities and in villages, the majority, as a rule, was Social Revolutionaries.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The spread of Bolshevik power in Soviet historiography was called the “triumphal march of Soviet power” due to the fact that in 69 out of 84 provincial cities power was transferred peacefully.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The establishment of Bolshevik power in Moscow took place back in October 1917 during fierce battles.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Tula, Kaluga, Sevastopol and a number of other cities, the influence of the Bolsheviks in local councils was minimal.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Relying on the Red Guard detachments and local garrisons, mainly pro-Bolshevik, the Bolsheviks seek re-election or dissolution of local Soviets, transferring power to either the Bolshevik factions of the Soviets, or non-elected VRK and Revolutionary Committees.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The main tool for such actions was the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee “On the Right to Recall Delegates” of November 21 (December 4) 1917, which declared the right of voters to recall their elected representatives.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In some cases, re-elections could be held 4-5 times in a row.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In April-May 1918, elections to local councils are held; in a number of cities, the Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries win.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In Tambov, the newly elected Council tried to take up its duties in May 1918, when a detachment of Bolsheviks appeared in the hall.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

When asked by the presiding officer whether the Bolsheviks have a mandate, the commander of the detachment pulled out the Mauser and said: “This is my mandate.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Starting from November 1917, the Council of People's Commissars began to appropriate for itself, together with the executive, and legislative power.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Based on their majority in the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Bolsheviks move the decision-making center from the All-Russian Central Executive Committee to the Council of People's Commissars and the Central Committee of the RSDLP


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In particular, the decision to sign the Brest Peace Treaty was made by the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b), and then the Bolshevik faction of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee voted for it in the order of party discipline.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The final transfer of real power from Soviet bodies to party bodies (including from the All-Russian Central Executive Committee to the Central Committee) until 1922 was restrained by the fact that Lenin headed the Soviet government at the same time ( Council of People's Commissars), and the


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Nevertheless, since December 1919, a sessional procedure for the work of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee has been introduced with the convening of scheduled sessions every two months, and emergency sessions if necessary to resolve urgent issues.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Thus, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee turns into a non-permanent body, on whose behalf a permanent body, the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, acts;


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the dispersal of the Constituent Assembly in January 1918, the Bolsheviks managed to defeat the moderate socialists as a whole (the Mensheviks, the right-wing Social Revolutionaries and the Social Revolutionaries of the center), who for some time retain influence only on the periphery of the former Russian Empire (the Menshevik government in Georgia, the Social Revolutionaries and White Guard government of Komuch in Samara, etc.).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By April 1918, relations between the Bolsheviks and other radical parties, primarily the Left Social Revolutionaries and anarchists, were deteriorating, accusing the Communists of “opportunism” and “betrayal of interests masses.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The reason for the conflicts is the construction by the Bolsheviks of a new state machine (according to the Left Social Revolutionaries Mstislavsky S. D. — “opportunistic service to Moloch of the state”), the involvement of “bourgeois specialists”, a politician in the countryside, and especially the conclusion of the unpopular Brest Peace.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the II Congress of the PLSR in April, the Left Social Revolutionaries Steinberg I. Z. accuses the Bolsheviks that “our Soviet bodies are being corrupted more and more every day.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Also in April 1918, the Cheka defeated the anarchist organization in Moscow, accusing it of degeneration into “anarcho-banditry”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Boris Savinkov, a well-known Social Revolutionary terrorist, tried to organize an anti-Bolshevik coup in Moscow in March 1918, but by the end of May this conspiracy was uncovered by the Cheka.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Nevertheless, in July 1918, the terrorist organization Union for the Defense of the Motherland and Freedom led by Savinkov managed to organize an uprising in Yaroslavl.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition, uprisings begin in Murom and Rybinsk, which, however, were suppressed by the Bolsheviks in a few hours.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By the summer of 1918, the Social Revolutionaries and Mensheviks finally came to the conclusion that political competition with the Bolsheviks by peaceful methods was impossible, since the Bolsheviks dispersed the elected bodies by force.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Also in the summer of 1918, the Bolsheviks began attempts to transfer the centers of power in the villages from the Soviets under the influence of the Social Revolutionaries to combats;


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After the Left Social Revolutionaries rebellion in Moscow, the government coalition finally turns into a one-party government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Many ordinary Left Social Revolutionaries publicly distance themselves from the actions of the leadership of their party, and new parties loyal to the Communists are formed from the former Left Social Revolutionaries: the Revolutionary Communism Party ( dissolved itself in 1920, merging with the RCP (b)) and the Party of Populists Communists (also dissolved itself and merged with the RCP (b) on November 6, 1918);


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the fight against the Bolsheviks, the Right Social Revolutionaries resort to a method tested even before the revolution — individual terror.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As researcher Richard Pipes points out in his fundamental work “The Bolsheviks in the Struggle for Power”, after the move of the Council of People's Commissars from Petrograd to Moscow in the spring of 1918, he was also followed by a part The combat organization of the party s.-r.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Following pre-revolutionary tactics, the Social Revolutionaries decided to study in detail the movements of the Bolshevik leaders, outlining the main target for the terrorist attack of Trotsky as the “military leader” of the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

However, they soon found out that Trotsky was continuously and chaotically moving between the capital and the front, so, according to the Social Revolutionaries terrorist Semenov, “for technical reasons” it was decided first liquidate Lenin.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the process of preparing a terrorist attack, Semenov discovers that independently of him, the same attempt is being prepared by Kaplan, whom he described as an “unshakable revolutionary terrorist.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After a series of attempts by the right-wing Social Revolutionaries on Bolshevik leaders (Commissioner of Press and Agitation of the Northern Region Volodarsky, Chairman of the Petrograd Cheka, Uritsky M. S., Chairman of the Council of Commissars Lenin I.) in September 1918, the red terror was officially declared.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As early as June 14, 1918, the parties of the Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries (right and center) were banned.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Even before 1917, in exile in Switzerland, the leader of the Social Revolutionaries Chernov V. M. says to Lenin: “If you come to power, you will hang the Mensheviks the next day,” to which Lenin, “squinting his eyes”, jokingly replies that “We will hang the First Menshevik after the last Social Revolutionaries” [70].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Stalin in his article “The London Congress of the RSDLP” (1907) expressed himself even more rudely: “Statistics showed that the majority of the Menshevik faction are Jews (not counting, of course, the Bundovites), followed by Georgians, then Russians. But the vast majority of the Bolshevik faction are Russians, followed by Jews (not counting, of course, Poles and Latvians), then Georgians, etc. On this occasion, one of the Bolsheviks noticed jokingly (it seems, comrade. Aleksinsky) that the Mensheviks are a Jewish faction, the Bolsheviks are truly Russian, so it would not hurt us, the Bolsheviks, to stage a pogrom in the party” [71].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Some small factions of the Social Revolutionaries, Mensheviks and anarchists remained legal until 1922, however, having completely lost any influence on the course of events.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With Admiral Kolchak's coming to power in Omsk, the Menshevik Party, under the influence of the November Revolution in Germany, recognizes the October Revolution as “historically necessary”, despite its “anti-proletarian, anti-democratic or anarchist tendencies.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On November 30, 1918, the Mensheviks were legalized for some time by a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and even conducted Menshevik party mobilizations into the Red Army to fight Kolchak, also removing the slogan of the convocation of the Constituent Assembly.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In January 1919, the Menshevik newspaper Always Forward was legalized, but after several issues it was closed for criticizing the Red Terror.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As early as March 1919, new arrests began.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Released in May 1919 after another arrest of Menshevik Dan F. I. is mobilized into the Red Army, then seconded to the People's Commissariat of Health.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the approach of the end of the Civil War, a number of resolutions of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) in 1920—1921, the Mensheviks were withdrawn to auxiliary positions in the province.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the second half of 1922, another wave of arrests took place, as a result of which the Mensheviks actually ceased to exist in Russia.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By this time, a number of Mensheviks, up to former members of the Menshevik Central Committee, break with their party, and join the RCP (b) (Khinchuk L. M., Vyshinsky A. Ya., Maysky I. M. et al.) The Russian Socialist Workers' Party of Internationalists, close to the “Mensheviks internationalists”, merged with the RCP (b) in 1920.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the beginning of the Civil War, the Right Social Revolutionaries have taken an active part in the activities of the first anti-Bolshevik government of Komuch.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the coming to power in Omsk of Admiral Kolchak, one of the Social Revolutionaries leaders Gots A. R., who headed the Anti-Bolshevik Committee for the Salvation of the Motherland and the Revolution back in October 1917, proclaimed a “struggle on two fronts” in the fall of 1918 — both against the Bolsheviks and against the White Guards.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In December 1918, the Ufa Committee of the AKP appealed to the remnants of the Komuch People's Army with an appeal to go over to the side of the Bolsheviks, and removed the slogan of convening the Constituent Assembly.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On March 20, 1919, the AKP was legalized again, and the publication of the Social Revolutionaries newspaper Delo Narodu was resumed, however, closed after six issues.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Social Revolutionaries take part in peasant uprisings, both against the Kolchak government in Siberia and against the Bolsheviks.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In fact, they also ceased to exist in 1922.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

This summer, a demonstration trial was organized over them, sanctioned personally by Lenin and Trotsky.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The remnants of the Social Revolutionaries announced their dissolution at the beginning of 1923.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Boycott of the Soviet government by civil servants (1917—1918)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Immediately after the Bolsheviks came to power, they had to face a general boycott (in Soviet historiography - “counter-revolutionary sabotage”) of old civil servants.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The work of several old ministries was blocked for several months, attempts were made to spread strikes to the post office, telegraph, telephone, printing houses, food supply Petrograd, etc. The most sensitive blow for the Bolsheviks was the strike of the State Bank and the State Treasury, which refused to recognize the new government.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

During November-December 1917, the Bolsheviks gradually “conquered” a number of old authorities, forcing them to resume their work.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

For this purpose, mass recruitment was used to replace striking civil servants, Petrograd workers and Baltic sailors.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Breaking down the old state machine and building a new one (Dictatorship of the Proletariat)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Based on the doctrine of the “dictatorship of the proletariat” developed in the XIX century by Marx and Engels, and on the historical experience of the Paris Commune of 1871, Lenin in his 1917 work “The State and the Revolution” defends the need to break the old state machine.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since November 1917, a rapid process of destroying the old state apparatus has been unfolding, and a new one has been built instead.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Prior to the beginning of its work, in November-December 1917, the main power in the capital remained the Petrograd VRK, which even created in its structure a department for organizing the supply of Petrograd and the front food supplies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The II All-Russian Congress of Soviets forms new authorities — the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (“Soviet Parliament”) and the Council of People's Commissars (“Soviet Government”).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The ministries of the dispersed Provisional Government are replaced by people's commissars


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The old judicial bodies are replaced by “people's courts” and revolutionary tribunals, and on December 7, 1917, the Cheka was founded.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On January 15, 1918, the decree of the Council of People's Commissars “On the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army” began the formation of


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the steps of the new government was the dissolution of the “people's militia” of the Provisional Government, replaced by the “labor militia”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On October 28 (November 10), 1917, the NKVD adopted a resolution “On the Working Militia” [72]; this date is currently celebrated in Russia as Militia Day.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On December 2, 1917, the central bodies of the old police were dissolved.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Initially, the Bolshevik police were conceived as amateur volunteer detachments, in accordance with the course to replace the permanent army and police with “universal weapons of the people”; permanent organizational and staff uniforms of the police were not recorded in any way.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Police management was also initially decentralized; local police were subordinate to local councils.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In a particular city, sometimes there were parallel workers' militia and the Red Guard, sometimes only the labor militia or only the Red Guard.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The organizational registration of the police took place in 1918.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Already in October 1918, the police finally took shape in a permanent centralized structure, operating on a professional basis and in its status virtually no different from the tsarist police [73].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The creation of a new state machine is taking place in conditions of a general boycott (in Soviet historiography — “sabotage”) of old civil servants.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Mass recruitment of workers, revolutionary soldiers and sailors into the emerging People's Commissars begins.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since July 1918, mass party mobilizations of communists began to be widely practiced, as a rule, to the front, but in some cases also for administrative and economic activities [74] (see also Party mobilization).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since March 1920, mass mobilizations have been carried out for transport almost destroyed by the war, and after the end of the Civil War, party mobilizations in a variety of industries are widely practiced.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In general terms, the creation of a new state machine is completed by the summer of 1918 with the adoption of the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918, which unified the system of Soviets and eliminated the chaos accumulated in it.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Thus, on the ground, the “workers' militia” could be duplicated by the Red Guard, and a number of different judicial bodies (the “people's court”, the “proletarian court”, the “court of public conscience”, etc.) spontaneously arose.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Before the adoption of the Constitution, relations between local Soviets and the center were not finally regulated; for example, some of these Soviets refused to recognize the Brest Peace, and considered themselves in a state of war with Germany.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition, a wide variety of Councils could exist on the ground (Councils of Military Deputies, Councils of Sailors and Officers Deputies, Councils of Landless Peasants, Councils of Cossack Deputies, Councils working elders, councils of deputies of the labor intelligentsia, etc.) with a variety of representation rates and different structures (some local councils even had “people's commissars of foreign affairs”; for example, the Congress of Soviets of the Central Siberian Region, which met in Irkutsk in February 1918, refused to recognize the conditions for the future of the Brest peace, and appointed its own “commissioner for foreign cases”).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Censorship in the USSR


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Already on October 27, 1917, the Council of People's Commissars adopted a decree on the press, which outlawed “counter-revolutionary newspapers”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The right-wing newspapers Novoye Vremya and Birzhevye Vedomosti, the cadet newspaper Rech and the Menshevik Den were closed; some newspapers began to be published again under different names.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Thus, the newspaper of the old composition of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee “Voice of a Soldier” was renamed “Soldier's Voice”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In the future, this newspaper also changes its name to “Iskra”, “Soldier's Creek”, “Peace, Bread and Freedom”, “For Freedom”, “For Freedom of the People”, “Revolutionary Alarm”, “Revolution Alarm”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The main newspaper of the Bolsheviks themselves, Pravda, which was renamed Rabochiy Put after the July defeat, regains its old name.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The decree caused strong indignation: on November 21, the Bolshevik VRK in Moscow canceled its effect, and on November 26, the Union of Russian Writers published a one-time “protest newspaper”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

3 oppose the decree.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

N. Gippius, E.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

AND. Zamyatin V. AND. Zasulich V. G. Korolenko D. S. Merezhkovsky, A. N. Potresov F. K. Sologub P. A. Sorokin [75].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Left Social Revolutionaries faction of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee also protested, but thanks to its majority, the Bolsheviks managed to vote for a resolution on the abolition of the Decree on the Press by 34 votes to 24 with one abstention.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In protest, the Left Social Revolutionaries refuse to cooperate with the Bolsheviks, and leave their posts.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A number of Bolsheviks themselves also join the protests: Nogin, Milyutin, Rykov, Teodorovich, Larin, Shlyapnikov [75].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Under the Press Decree, up to 337 newspapers were closed during 1917-18.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In an effort to deprive opposition newspapers of their economic basis, the Bolsheviks introduced a state monopoly on newspaper ads on November 8, 1917 [76].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In January 1918, censorship became more regular with the formation of a revolutionary press tribunal.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the most active conductors of the new censorship in Petrograd was the Press Commissioner of the Northern Union of Communes V. Volodarsky [77].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In this capacity, he developed a vigorous activity, in a few months closing up to 150 newspapers with a total circulation of up to two million copies, and, for example, when closing the newspaper Novy Vecherny Chas, he accused the publication is that it spread “false, provocative rumors” under the guise of typos.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The land issue after October 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Bolshevik Land Decree actually legalized the mass self-seizure of land by peasants, which began in April 1917, and became especially turbulent since the summer of 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to Richard Pipes, the peasant majority of the country's population, after the adoption of the Decree until the spring of 1918, completely departs from all political activity, going headlong into the “black redistribution” lands.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In addition to the land previously owned by landowners, merchants, clergy and the royal family, peasants also seize the lands of “brans” who left communities during the Stolypin agrarian reform, and clashes between communities.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The redistribution of land led to a new outbreak of desertion in the army, peasant in composition: many soldiers sought to be in time for their villages to divide the land.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The final collapse of the army's food supply also contributed to the desertion.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By the spring of 1918, the redistribution of land was, in general terms, completed, and the deserters arriving by that time were already late.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Estimates of the amount of land received by peasants as a result of the adoption of the Land Decree vary.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to official data of the People's Commissariat of Land for 1920, 21.15 million acres (23.27 million hectares) were received, “cuts” amounted to 0.4 tithes per eater, that is, 23.7%.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The peasantry got rid of rents of up to 700 million rubles a year, in addition, the Bolsheviks canceled the debts of the village to the Peasant Land Bank, which reached 1.4 billion rubles. On the other hand, hyperinflation, which has increased sharply since 1918, completely destroyed the savings of peasants, which Richard Pipes estimates as of October 1917 at 5 billion rubles.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Even before the revolution, the Bolsheviks, according to researcher Voslensky M. S., decided to make their support not peasants, but workers, not so numerous, but better organized and more disciplined.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the same time, workers in the country were no more than 10% of the population, and the majority of at least 80% of the population was “petty-bourgeois” peasantry.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The “dictatorship of the proletariat” was established, from the point of view of Bolshevik ideology in a “petty-bourgeois” country, whose “petty-bourgeois”, as a result of the adoption of the Bolshevik Decree on Land, only has increased.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

All large farms by 1918 were destroyed, replacing small ones.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

First of all, community peasants liquidated the few most efficient farms owned by merchants and landowners, and focused on supplying food to the market.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As a result, marketability drops sharply.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Extension


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The first unsuccessful attempts to replace the market system of supplying cities with an extension began to be made by the tsarist government in December 1916, and continue, also without success, by the Provisional by the government in 1917.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Similar measures are being taken in parallel by other warring powers, differing in particular in Germany, which introduced a state bread and potato monopolies back in 1914-1915.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Due to the resistance of the village, the extension in Russia is completely failing.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Bolsheviks began to be active in this area, starting with the introduction of the “food dictatorship” in May 1918.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In an effort to break the resistance of the village, they form food squads, and entire “prodarmia”, relations between the city and the village are increasingly beginning to take the character of a war with thousands of victims.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Work control


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The populist slogan of labor control (“factories to workers”) became one of the main ones for the Bolsheviks, along with the slogan of immediate peace (“democratic world without annexations and contributions”).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Back in February 1914, Tsarist Minister of Internal Affairs Durnovo V. P., in his prophetic Durnovo Note, noted that “a Russian commoner, a peasant and a worker equally does not seek political rights, both unnecessary and incomprehensible to him. A peasant dreams of giving him someone else's land for free, a worker dreams of transferring all the capital and profits of the manufacturer to him, and their desires do not go beyond this.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The spontaneous organization of factory committees and armed labor detachments (the Red Guard) began in February 1917, along with the introduction of an 8-hour working day in person.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By June 1917, the Bolsheviks began to dominate the factory committee movement.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By November 1917, at a number of factories and factories, resolutions of workers' meetings had already spontaneously introduced labor control, in the form of direct interference in production, purchase and sale, finance, reception and dismissal of workers, etc.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Officially, it was legalized by the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee “On Labor Control” of November 14 (27), 1917 [78]; in the coming months after the adoption of the Decree, it repeatedly served as a pretext for the nationalization of certain enterprises in connection with the exclusion of their owners from working control.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to researcher Voslensky M. S., by mid-1918, the working control was abolished by the Bolsheviks, as, according to Lenin, “the step is contradictory, the step is incomplete.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In fact, it only caused a drop in labor discipline, disorganization and a decrease in labor productivity, as workers often showed incompetence in technical and managerial issues, not could independently organize the production process and supply [79].


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Already in March 1918, the process of centralization of power at enterprises in the hands of trade unions and VSNH began.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Since April 1918, the Bolsheviks were forced to support the return in some cases to factories of unpopular managers and engineers (“bourgeois specialists”), expelled a year earlier, even negotiations are underway with entrepreneurs Meshchersky and Stakheev in order to use their experience in organizing large industrial associations.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

War Communism


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The construction of the regime of “war communism” in general terms begins in November-December 1917 with the beginning of nationalization, and reaches its logical conclusion in 1920 with the formation of labor armies.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

According to its creators, the experiment on the general nationalization of the economy was supposed to lead to an unprecedented increase in labor productivity.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Instead, it led to the complete collapse of industry and railways, a general flight from cities, and a famine began in 1921.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By the end of the Civil War, the population of Petrograd had decreased by at least three times, and Moscow - by half.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The level of production fell to 18% of the pre-war period, labor productivity, including due to malnutrition, to 26%, and the number of workers in the country fell by half.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the XI Congress of the RCP (b) in May 1922, Lenin even said that the proletariat “does not exist” in the country, and “not proletarians, but every random element” go to the factories, to which Shlyapnikov A. G. publicly noted: “Vladimir Ilyich said yesterday that the proletariat as a class, in the sense that Marx meant it, does not exist. Let me congratulate you that you are the vanguard of a non-existent class.”


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As part of measures to build a new society, an experiment is being introduced in the country on the standardized distribution of goods and services, new bureaucratic structures, VSNH and the People's Commissariat of Education are being formed


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In September-December 1918, labor duty was introduced, which Richard Pipes assesses as an archaic measure that existed in Russia during the days of the Moscow state.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the sides of military communism was fantastic hyperinflation, which far surpassed the “achievements” of the tsarist and Provisional governments: by 1923, the ruble depreciated compared to 1914 literally hundreds of millions of times.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Richard Pipes emphasizes that, in accordance with the course of abolishing money, the Bolsheviks not only did not fight against inflated money issue and hyperinflation, but, on the contrary, even considered hyperinflation a positive development.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Attempts to export the revolution (“World Revolution”)


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Following the Bolsheviks coming to power in Russia, a number of radicals begin similar attempts to take power in other countries.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Within a few years, several short-lived Soviet republics outside the former Russian Empire have emerged: the Alsatian Soviet Republic, the Hungarian Soviet Republic, the Bavarian Soviet Republic The republic, the so-called “Persian Soviet Socialist Republic”, etc.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As subsequent events have shown, the hopes of the Bolsheviks for the Sovietization of the whole of Europe, or even the whole world, in the very near future were completely out of touch with reality; as Richard Pipes points out, Lenin in 1920 year even considered seriously the prospects for the speedy Bolshevization of Italy.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

On August 5, 1919, Trotsky, based on the proposals of Frunze M. V., proposes in his note the Central Committee of the RCP (b) to consider the possibility of a campaign to India.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1919, the Comintern was founded, conceived by the Communists as the unification of all the Communist Parties of the world into a supranational (including over-Russian) world Communist Party.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1924, the USSR was founded as a union of national Soviet republics, which theoretically could include Soviet republics outside the former Russian Empire — up to the Sovietization of the whole world .


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the end of the Civil War, a gradual curtailment of the course towards the “world revolution” begins.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The Comintern from a supranational body actually turns into a foreign lever of the nation-state, and the USSR did not include territories outside the former Russian Empire (with the exception of Tuva, which at the time of the revolution was under the Russian protectorate — see below. Uriankhai Krai).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

One of the participants in the revolution and the civil war, Czech writer Jaroslav Hasek, author of the world-famous “The Adventures of the Good Soldier Schweik”.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1915 he was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian army, and in the same year he surrendered to Russian captivity.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1918 he joined the All-Union Communist Party (b), and until December 1920 he participated in the Civil War.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Hungarian communist Bela Kun.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

As an Austro-Hungarian serviceman, he was captured by Russia in 1916.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In 1917 he joined the RSDLP (b), after the collapse of the Central Powers in November 1918 he returned to Hungary, and in March 1919 founded the Hungarian Soviet Republic.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After its defeat by the forces of former Austro-Hungarian admiral, Horthy fled to Austria and then to Russia.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Fritz Platten, a Swiss political emigrant from the German-speaking canton of St. Gallen, was wounded during the first attempt on Lenin, January 1, 1918 in Petrograd.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Diplomatic isolation of the Soviet government


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The provisional government was almost immediately recognized in the world; the first foreign power to recognize the new government was the United States (March 22, 1917), Great Britain, and France on March 24.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The coming to power of the Bolsheviks was met extremely hostile by both the Allied Powers of the Entente and neutral states.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Great Britain refuses to recognize the Council of People's Commissars as a legitimate government, the United States Embassy leaves Petrograd for Vologda in February 1918, and to Arkhangelsk in July.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

By December 1918, virtually complete diplomatic isolation of the Bolsheviks was established.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The only power that has recognized the new government in Russia is Germany.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

At the same time, Soviet envoy Ioffe A. A. is launching a stormy revolutionary activity in Germany, a few days before the November Revolution he was expelled from the country, and diplomatic relations were severed.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Civil war in Russia


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The periodization of the Civil War in Russia is still carried out by different researchers in different ways.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The first armed clashes often include the October 1917 battles in Moscow, when the term “white guard” was first used.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Over the following months, a number of centers of armed anti-Bolshevik resistance are gradually being formed: the Cossack regions on the Don, northern Russia (Murmansk, Arkhangelsk), etc.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Until the summer of 1918, hostilities were limited to clashes of relatively small armed units, due to the fact that the former Russian Imperial Army by the end of 1917 finally collapsed, and the new armies of both the Bolsheviks and their opponents were still few in number.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

In this regard, a huge role is being played by a variety of foreign troops, at this stage more numerous and better organized: the German-Austrian occupiers in the former Western national the outskirts of the Russian Empire, the British-American occupiers in Arkhangelsk and Murmansk, the Japanese-American in Vladivostok.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Former national units of the Russian Imperial Army — Latvian and Czechoslovak — are turning into a significant military force.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The uprising of the Czechoslovak Corps in the summer of 1918 convinces the Bolsheviks that they are unable to resist not only the offensive of Germany, but even the Czechoslovaks, and the physical survival of Bolshevism was under threat.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The transition to a regular army begins with the restoration of unity of command and mass mobilizations; in the summer-autumn of 1918, the main fronts of the Civil War were formed.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The collapse of Russia in 1915—1922


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

The beginning of the territorial collapse can be attributed to 1915, with the beginning of the German occupation of Polish territory belonging to the Russian Empire (cf. Privislinsky Krai).


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

After the February Revolution, new outbreaks of separatism began on the periphery of Russia.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

A government of the Central Rada is being formed in Ukraine


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

Finland, which was in relations of personal union with the Russian Empire, with the abdication of Nicholas II, automatically turned out to be a foreign power.


Question: Is it true that Russian experienced warriors were disguised as young and this was the tactic of Peter the Great?

The Russian Revolution of 1917

With the Bolsheviks coming to power, the new government recognizes the right of all peoples to self-determination, including secession.