Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The crew of the USS Astoria platform immediately ordered all crew members in combat positions after seeing the light of a flare south of Savo Island, at around 01.49.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 01.52, shortly after it had been illuminated by Japanese searchlights and cannon shells began tumbling around the ship, the crew of the main cannon sight Astoria spotted the Japanese cruiser and opened fire.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The captain of the ship Astoria awoke from sleep and aware that his ship was fighting, immediately ran into the platform and ordered that the gunfire be stopped for fear that gunfire from his ship might hit ships from his own fleet.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

While cannon fire still vociferously fell around the perimeter of the ship, no less than a minute later, the ship's captain ordered that the Astoria fire back.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Despite this, the Chōkai cannons were already at optimum firing range, and the Astoria was quickly hit by a number of cannon shots and caught fire. [61]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

From 02.00 to 02.15, Aoba, Kinugasa, and Kako helped Chōkai fire on the Astoria to destroy the ship's engine rooms and stop the pace of the burning ship.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 02.16, one of the still-operational Astoria cannon turrets fired towards Kinugasa's searchlight, but escaped and hit Chōkai's front turret to the point of making it silenced and causing moderate damage. [62]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The cruiser USS Quincy spotted the flares that Japanese planes dropped on board the southern fleet, and also received a warning message from Patterson.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

When Quincy had just sounded the ready orders at the combat outpost when it was illuminated by the searchlights of the Japanese fleet.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The ship's captain Quincy gave the order to begin firing, but the cannon crew was not ready.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

In just a few minutes, Quincy was involved in a firefight between Aoba, Furutaka, and Tenryū.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Quincy was hit crassly and burned.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The captain then ordered his crew to change direction to the east of the Japanese fleet.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

But when he had just changed direction, Quincy was hit by two torpedoes released by Tenryū to be severely damaged.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Quincy can still fire some cannon salvos.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

One of them hit the Chōkai map room which was 6 meters away from Admiral Mikawa, and killed or injured 36 crewmen.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa himself was unharmed.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 02.10, Japanese cannon fire killed and wounded almost all of Quincy's crew, including the ship's captain.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 02.16, Quincy was again thrashed by a torpedo that Aoba released, and the ship's remaining cannons were silenced.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The assistant officer Quincy was sent to the platform to ask for instructions, and reported the circumstances he saw: “When I came to the floor of the platform, I saw it full of scattered corpses, and only three or four crew members were still alive.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

In the wheelhouse, the only crew survivor was the cuessman who was holding the rudder, and attempted in vain to correct the ship's inclination to bring it to port.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

After asking him, I was informed that the captain of the ship who at that time was lying near the wheel, gave instructions to him to forestall the ship to shore, and himself was trying to take the ship to the distant Savo Island about four miles (6 km) towards the left hull of the stern.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

I stepped to the left hull side of the wheelhouse, and looked outside to see if the island was near when realized the ship had tilted rapidly towards the left hull, and began to sink on the bow section.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The captain stood upright only for a few moments, to then fall over.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

It looked like he was dead, without saying a word but a groan.”


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Quincy sank, starting from the bow at 02.38. [63]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

As with Quincy and Astoria, Vincennes also saw air flares in the south, and even actually witnessed cannon fire from the naval battle south of Savo Island.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 01.50, when the American cruisers were illuminated by Japanese searchlights, Vincennes hesitated to start fire thinking the searchlights were likely from comrade ships.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Not long after, Kako began firing at Vincennes who immediately retaliated with cannon fire at 01.53. [64]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

After Vincennes began to be hit by Japanese cannon bullets, the ship's commander Marine Colonel Frederick L. Riefkohl ordered the speed augmented up to 25 knots (46km/h), but moments later, Vincennes was hit by a torpedo from Chōkai at 01.55 and caused heavy damage.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Kinugasa came to the aid of Kako over and over again firing at Vincennes.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

One shot from Vincennes hit Kinugasa causing moderate damage to the steering engine.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Other Japanese ships also fired and Vincennes was hit by gunfire up to as many as 74 times.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 02.03, a torpedo, this time from Yūbari, again hit its target at Vincennes.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

After all the boiler rooms are destroyed, Vincennes stops speeding, fires “everywhere” and tilts towards the left hull.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 02.16, Riefkohl ordered his subordinates to abandon ship, and afterwards Vincennes sank at 02.50. [65]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

In this battle, the destroyers Helm and Wilson went to great lengths to be able to see the Japanese ships.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The two destroyers briefly fired towards Mikawa's cruiser, but did not cause any damage to the Japanese ships at all.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Both did not suffer the slightest damage either. [66]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 02.16, the Japanese fleet ceased firing towards the Allied northern fleet because the Allied ships were already out of firing range on the north side of Savo Island.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Ralph Talbot caught up with Furutaka, Tenryū, and Yūbari as they retreated from Savo Island.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The Japanese ships highlighted Ralph Talbot, and several cannon shots lashed on him, as well as causing heavy damage.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

However Ralph Talbot fled towards the rainstorm that was nearby, and the Japanese ships let him go. [67]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa's decision At 02.16 Mikawa conferred with the staff on whether they should turn to continue the battle with the remaining Allied warships, and attempt to sink Allied transports that were in two anchor areas.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Several factors influenced the main decision of Mikawa.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The ships are already scattered and take some time to regroup. [68]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

His ships needed to refill the torpedo tubes, and that was a labor-intensive task that would take time.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa also did not know the number and location of the remaining Allied ships, and his ship had already consumed so much ammunition carried. [69]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

One thing is important, Mikawa has no air protection and believes that there is a United States aircraft carrier located in the region.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa may have tapped that the Japanese Navy no longer had heavy cruisers that were in the production stage.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Therefore, Japan is expected to be unable to replace any ships that may be sunk by air attack if it stays afloat near Guadalkanal. [70]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa did not know that the United States aircraft carriers had already withdrawn from the battle area and would not be a threat by the next day.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Although some Mikawa staff urged to continue with attacking Allied transports, the consensus they took was to withdraw from the battle area. [71]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Based on a joint decision, Mikawa at 02.20 ordered his ships to withdraw. [72]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

As a result At 04.00 on 9 August Patterson approached Canberra to help him put out the fire.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 05.00, the fire seemed to be controllable.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

However Turner who at that time intended to pull back all Allied ships before 06.30 ordered Canbera's ships to be scuttled only when they could not be included in his fleet of ships.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

After the survivor crews were removed, the destroyers USS Selfridge and USS Ellet sank the Canberra with torpedo and cannon fire. [73]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Still on the same morning of August 9, General Vandegrift preached to Admiral Turner that his troops needed more supplies unloaded from the transports before they were pulled back.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Therefore, Turner delayed the withdrawal of the retreat of his ships until late afternoon.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Meanwhile, the crew of the Astoria goes to great lengths to save their near-sinking ship.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

But the fire at Astoria eventually became uncontrolled again, and the ship sank at 12:15. [74]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

On the morning of 9 August, an Australian Coastwatchers ship from Bougainville delivered a radio warning of a Japanese air attack already dispatched from Rabaul.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The crew of the Allied transports briefly halted unloading activities temporarily, but became confused when air strikes did not also arrive.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The Allies did not find out until the war ended that the anticipated Japanese air attack was only directed against Jarvis destroyers south of Guadalkanal, and sank her with all her crew.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Allied transports and warships had all been dispatched from the Guadalkanal area before the evening of 9 August. [75]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

On the night of 9 August 1942, Mikawa from aboard Chōkai took off four cruisers of the 6th Explorer Division to return to its base at Kavieng.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At 08.10 on 10 August, the cruiser Kako was hit by a torpedo and sunk by the submarine USS S 44 110 kilometers (70mi) before reaching the destination.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The three other Japanese cruisers managed to rescue all of Kako's crew survivors (71 crewmen were estimated missing or killed), before resuming their way towards Kavieng. [76]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

From the time of the battle until a few months later, almost all Allied supplies and reinforcements were sent to Guadalkanal by transports in small convoys, especially during daylight hours, when there was protection from Allied aircraft based in the New Hebrides and Field Henderson air, as well as the aircraft on the aircraft carriers.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

At that time, the Allied forces on Guadalkanal did not receive sufficient ammunition and supplies to survive a number of Japanese attacks to seize Guadalkanal. [77]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Despite losing the Battle of Savo Island, the Allies eventually won the battle defending Guadalkanal which was an important achievement before finally defeating Japan in the war.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa's decision not to take any chances by pursuing Allied transports on the morning of 9 August could likely end the Guadalkanal campaign at an early stage, and the direction of the course of the war in the South Pacific may be able to differ considerably.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Although the Allied warships on the Guadalkanal accepted a crushing defeat from the Japanese, their mission to protect important Allied transports from danger remained accomplished.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Over the following months, most of those same transports were then worn repeatedly to Guadalkanal carrying vital supplies and reinforcements for the Allied forces.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Mikawa's decision not to destroy Allied transports despite that time there was a chance later proved an important strategic mistake on the part of the Japanese. [78]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

A commission of official United States Navy investigators known as the Hepburn Commission of Investigation further prepared a report on this battle.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The Commission interviewed almost all of the key Allied officers involved in these events during the several months accounting for December 1942. [79]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The report contained only a recommendation of granting formal disciplinary action to an officer, namely Marine Colonel Howard D. Bode. The commission's report did not arrive at recommending formal action against other Allied officers, including Admirals Fletcher, Turner, McCain, Crutchley, and Marine Colonel Riefkohl.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The careers of Turner, Crutchley, and McCain seem unaffected by their defeat in the Battle of Savo Island or the mistakes they committed.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Despite this, Riefkohl never again served as a ship's captain.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Upon learning that the contents of the commission's published report turned out to be highly critical of his actions, Colonel Sea Bode shot himself at the officer's residence in Balboa, Panama Canal Zone on April 19, 1943, and died the following day. [80]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Crutchley was awarded the Legion of Merit grade of Chief Commander in September 1944.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Admiral Yamamoto delivered a congratulatory message to Mikawa for his victory on Savo Island, “The courage and persistence of fighting every man in your organization is greatly appreciated.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

I hope you can still improve your achievements and continue to try your best to support the imperial army forces who are now fighting desperately.”


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

However, when Mikawa was later known to have missed the opportunity to destroy Allied transports, Admiral Yamamoto received the critiques of his comrades. [81]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Admiral Turner later remarked on the reason his fleet lost so crucially in battle: “The United States Navy is still obsessed by strong feelings of mental and technical superiority versus the enemy.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Despite ample evidence of the opponent's capabilities, most of our soldiers and officers look down on the enemy and feel they are the sure winners in all battles under any conditions.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

The net result of all this is a fatal letargy of mind caused by a belief without readiness, and regular acceptance of outdated standards of behavior in peacetime.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

I believe that this psychological factor, as a cause of our defeat, is more important than the element of blasting. [82]” Historian Richard B. Frank adds that, “The lethargy of this mind will not heal thoroughly without some hard blow to the pride of the Navy (American Unions) around Guadalkanal, but after Savo, the United States reawakens from the top of the decks and prepares to wage the most ferocious battle in history. “[82]


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

See also USS Savo Island (CVE-78) The Pacific (mini series) - The Battle of Savo Island is briefly depicted in the first episode of this HBO-produced mini-series.


Question: Where is the Savo Island Sea?

Battle of Savo Island

Footnote Reference Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Check date values in: |year= (help) Outside link Next reading Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Check date values in: |year= (help) Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Category:1942 Conflicts Category:Pacific Ocean Palagan in World War II Category:History of the Solomon Islands Category:World War II battles involving Australia Category:Battles involving Japan Category:Battles involving the United States Category:Japan in 1942


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology is the science that studies the interaction between an organism and its environment and others.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Derived from the Greek words oikos (“habitat”) and logos (“science”).


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology is interpreted as a science that studies both interactions between living beings and interactions between living beings and their environment.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

The term ecology was first put forward by Ernst Haeckel (1834 - 1914). [1]


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

In ecology, living things are studied as a unity or system with its environment.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

The discussion of ecology is not separated from the discussion of ecosystems with various constituent components, namely abiotic and biotic factors.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Abiotic factors include temperature, water, humidity, light, and topography, while biotic factors are living things composed of humans, animals, plants, and microbes.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology is also closely related to the levels of organization of living beings, namely populations, communities, and ecosystems that influence each other and are a system that shows unity.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology is a relatively new branch of science, which only emerged in the 70s. [2] However, ecology has a great influence on its biology branch.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology studies how living beings can sustain their lives by holding relationships between living beings and with non-living objects in their place of life or environment. [2]


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology, biology and other life sciences complement each other with zoology and botany describing the thing that ecology tries to estimate, and energy economics describing most human food chains and tropic levels.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecologists study the following [2]: The transfer of energy and matter from one living being to another into its environment and the factors that cause it.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Population or species change at different times in the factors that cause it.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

There is an interspecies relationship (interspecies interaction) of living things and the relationship between living beings and their environment.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Now ecologists (people who study ecology) focus on Earth's ecoregion and climate change research.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecological concept The relationship of linkage and dependence between all components of an ecosystem must be maintained in stable and balanced (homeostatic) conditions [2].


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Changes to one component will affect the other. [2]


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Homeostatic is the tendency of systems biology to withstand change and always be in equilibrium. [1]


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Ecosystems are able to maintain and self-regulate as do their constituent components that are organisms and populations [1].


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Thus, the ecosystem can be considered a cibernetic in nature.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

But humans tend to disrupt this system of natural control [1]. ecosystems are a collection of various kinds of nature, examples of animals, plants, environment, and most recently human Ecology in Ecological politics gives rise to many powerful philosophies and political movements — including the conservation, health, environmental, and ecological movements we know today.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

When everything is combined with the peace movement and the Six Principles, it is called the green movement.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Generally, taking ecosystem health is first on the list of human moral and political priorities, such as the path to achieve human health and social harmony, and a better economy.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

People who have those beliefs are called political ecologists.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Some have organized into the Green Group, but there are truly political ecologists within most political parties.


Question: since when was biochemistry first introduced?

Ecology

Very often they use arguments from ecology for continuing policy, especially forest and energy policy.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Often those arguments contradict each other, as many academics do as well.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology in economics Many ecologists connect ecology to human economics: Lynn Margulis says that economic studies how humans make life.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Ecological study of how every other animal makes life.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Mike Nickerson says that “economics are three-fifths ecological” since ecosystems create sources and dispose of garbage, which economics considers done “for free”.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Ecological economics and the theory of human development try to separate economic questions from other, but it is difficult.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

A lot of people think economics has just become a part of ecology, and economics ignoring it is wrong.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

“Natural capital” is one example of 1 theory that combines the two things.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Ecology in anthropological glasses Sometimes ecology is compared to anthropology, because both use many methods to learn the one thing we can't live without.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Anthropology is about how our body and mind are influenced by our environment, ecology is about how our environment is influenced by our body and mind.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Some think they're just a scientist, but the mechanistic paradigm insists on laying the human subject in ecological object control — the subject-object problem.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

But in evolutionary psychology or psychoneuroimmunology for example it is clear if human abilities and economic challenges develop together.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Nicely set out Antoine de Saint-Exupery: “The earth teaches us more about ourselves than the whole book.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Because it rejects us.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Man finds himself as he compares himself against obstacles.”


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Some branches of ecology Because of its very wide nature, ecology has several more focused science branches, namely: Ecology Behavior Ecology Language Ecology Community Ecology and Sinecology Ecology Physiology Ecosystem Ecology Ecology Ecology Global Ecology Human Ecology Population Ecology Aquatic Ecology Fire Ecology Functional Ecology Pollination Forest Ecology Marine Ecology Tropical Marine Ecology Food and Nutrition Ecology Mangrove Forest Ecology Ecology Health Space Ecology Rural Ecology Insect Ecology Habitat Ecology Preservation Animal Ecology Antiquity Ecology Production Social Ecology Radiation Ecology Plant Ecology Disrupting Landscape Molecular Ecology Robot Ecology Industrial Ecology Reference See also Biomass Ecosystem Habitat Niches (ecology) Outside link Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

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Question: since when was biochemical science first introduced?

Ecology

Category:Biology


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

“Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!” , broadcast outside the United States and Canada as “At Last”, is the 45th episode of the animated television series Phineas and Ferb.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episode aired in the United States as the premiere of the show's second season on February 16, 2009.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episode follows Phineas and Ferb who are ultimately captured by their mother and send them to reform school, where the gruff and ruthless sergeant tries to destroy their imaginations by directing them to an advert about good boys controlling their minds.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Candace goes to rescue them after she sees a news report about their terrible condition.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episode's story was written by the writer team of Martin Olson and Bobby Gaylor and made into a storyboard by Jon Colton Barry and Piero Piluso.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Dan Povenmire, one of the makers of the series Phineas and Ferb, directed the episode.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episode was titled “At Last!”


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

in several countries, one of them Great Britain.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Speech title figure Geraldo Rivera and veteran actor Clancy Brown guest-starred and played television reporter Morty Williams and school sergeant respectively.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episode summary Phineas and Ferb rebuild their mother Linda's car into a flying car and build a giant tower to land and drive.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

When Candace drags Linda to see her, she finally sees him and yells at them for being insecure and doing all this without her permission.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Phineas admits that they have been doing the same thing all summer so Linda becomes fascinated and apologizes to Candace for not believing her after finally discovering the truth.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

When Lawrence sees the scene he suggests forgiving Phineas and Ferb when they reveal they thought they had permission to do so and Candace suggests some punishment and Lawrence agrees, but a bolt they accidentally leave of the tower causes it to collapse and destroy half part of the house, leaving Linda and Lawrence angry and Candace feeling happy that she finally managed to capture her brother.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Concerned for the boys' safety, the boys' parents send them to “Smile Away Reform School” without knowing that the place is a prison where children are brainwashed with films that show they are neither creative nor imaginative.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

They are also made to think in the box,” which is its own form of confinement where children who show creativity must spend an hour in a box.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

For example, Phineas and Ferb are imprisoned in a box when they show creativity by performing actions such as painting a picture, sculpting a Thinker, making an Eiffel Tower out of cutlery, and others.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The sergeant manages to erase the boys' minds by brainwashing them with film to deprive them of creativity.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Meanwhile, Candace enjoys life without her brother to annoy her, hanging out with her friends and doing various fun activities with them.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

A few days later Candace is bored and tired after doing so much, she watches TV with her best friend Stacy.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Candace is haunted by the sad consequences of her arrest of Phineas and Ferb and realizes that she truly loves her brother because of their genius expertise and is unaware of it.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

As a changed woman, Candace decides to seek out the reform school; she and Stacy stumble upon a news broadcast by reporter Morty Williams about Phineas and Ferb's reform school, who encourages her to leave and rescue them with help from Her boyfriend, Jeremy.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Candace and she use Phineas and Ferb's flying car to get there, but on the way get hit and walk the rest of the journey.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Once there, they try to walk in as a Trojan Horse, both fail; eventually, they disguise as Morty Williams and his camera and sergeant let them in.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

She begins gleefully ranting to them how good she is with brainwashing the children and when they find Phineas and Ferb, Candace tries to secretly ask them to run away with her and Jeremy.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

They refuse, so Candace and Jeremy trick the sergeant into locking themselves in a closet as they escape and forcibly help Phineas and Ferb escape as well.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

On realising he had been tricked the sergeant had guards patrol the prison yards and shut the exits.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The sergeant guards at points where Phineas, Ferb, Candace and Jeremy escape and give chase.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

They reached the cliff where they parked the flying car and they saw Mum and Dad coming.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Candace admits that she has always been proud of her brothers, distancing them from their doctrines and going back on their genius abilities.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

But by the time they prepare to fix it, the sergeant has arrived and reveals his plan to put Candace and Jeremy in reform school with Phineas and Ferb to punish them for escaping.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Suddenly, Dr. Doofenshmirtz and Perry the Platipus interrupt with their seemingly never-ending quarrel, which causes the sergeant to fall off a cliff to his death.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Perry and Doofenshmritz then disappear and the children's parents show up.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

After this, a series of strange events occur, such as the old man being turned into a puppet controlled by Baljeet which is gigantic, then Baljeet turns into a puppet as well and is controlled by a queer talking zebra and Jeremy proposes Candace when Candace discovers that she was dreaming of all that whole day.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

It turns out that Candace was dreaming, and none of the events in the episode actually happened.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

At breakfast, Candace explains her dream to her family, even talking about Perry's secret identity.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

This leaves the family guessing that every time Perry leaves, he goes to defeat Dr. Doofenshmirtz.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

With Perry's identity uncovered, a group of OWCA (Organization Without Cool Abbreviations) agents and Major Monogram break into the house while holding the Fletcher family to be wiped out his mind of all those things; just as Monogram tells Perry that they must move him to a new home because his disguise was uncovered.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

That's when, a whimpering Perry wakes up in the real world in Phineas's bed.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Reveals that everything is just a nightmare and Phineas says “Oh, hey Perry... looks like you just had a nightmare.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Well, it's done, you can sleep now.”


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Phineas went back to sleep.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Perry then smiled and went back to sleep.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The production of “Phineas and Ferb Get Busted” was written by Bobby Gaylor and Martin Olson as a story, but the storyboards were adapted and created by Jon Colton Barry and Piero Piluso. [1]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Robert F. Hughes and Zac Moncrief are also credited for additional writers for the episode. [2]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Dan Povenmire, the show's creator and executive producer, directed the episode. [3]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episode was titled “At Last” in several different countries, one of them the United Kingdom. [4]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Latin America also labeled the episode's name in the closing credits for the episode, though giving it with the name “Al Fin;" [2] however, “Al Fin” literally translates to “At Last. “[5]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Geraldo Rivera guest stars as investigative speech title host Morty Williams.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Clancy Brown, known for his work on The Shawshank Redemption, played the school's sergeant. [6]”


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted” was originally broadcast in the United States as the premiere of season two on Presidents Day, February 16, 2009 on Disney XD, [7] at 16:30 East/Pacific Time. [6]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The episodes were given a TV-G rating [8] and were followed by reruns of the first season airing in a marathon. [7]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Cultural references The scene in which Phineas and Ferb are tied up in chairs and leave their eyes forced to watch a film that seeks to destroy their imagination is a direct parody of the film A Clockwork Orange; in the end, a young man is detained in the same way, forced to witness acts of violence to break free of his own violent tendencies. [9]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

While Candace and Jeremy were driving “Flying Car of the Future, Today,” a riff from the Back to the Future theme song played in the background. [9]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

The scene where Candace wakes up and finds her capturing Phineas and Ferb and rescuing them all of which it was just a dream refers to Pam Ewing waking up and discovering that her husband, Bobby being killed was just a dream from the Dallas television series.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Even Perry had the same referral.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Reception When the episode was broadcast on Disney Channel on March 13, 2009, it garnered a total of 3.7 million viewers, 1.4 million of whom were ages 9—14.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

It was the second most-watched episode of the series, behind “Flop Starz,” and was a 6-11-year-oldin almost 6 months, ranked Phineas and Ferb's four most-watched in that category.


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

What's more, it was the most-watched day for Pre-Teens 9-14 years and Children 6-11 years old and the most-watched for cable television in total viewers. [10]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Matt Blum of Wired wrote of the episode, “if there's any indication, the second season will outshine the first season.”


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Blum simultaneously praised Clancy Brown's performance as a guest actor. [7]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

One of the songs in the episode, “Little Brothers” was voted the #4 ranked song on Phineas and Ferb's Musical Cliptastic Countdown. [11]


Question: on broadcast tv was the first time Phineas and Ferb were screened?

Phineas and Ferb Get Busted!

Reference Outside links on IMDb at TV.com Phineas and Ferb Get Busted on Phineas and Ferb Wiki, an external wiki Category:Phineas and Ferb episodes Category:Television episodes of 2009


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

JMPL|250px|World natural gas production, brown color is the largest production, followed by red color Natural gas often also referred to as Earth gas or swamp gas, is a gas-shaped fossil fuel consisting mainly of CH4 methane).


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

It can be found in oil fields, Earth gas fields and also coal mines.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

When a gas rich with methane is produced through decay by anaerobic bacteria from organic materials other than fossils, it is called biogas.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Biogas sources can be found in swamps, landfills, as well as human and animal fecal shelters.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Chemical composition The main component in natural gas is methane (CH4), which is the shortest and lightest chain hydrocarbon molecule.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas also contains heavier hydrocarbon molecules such as ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10), in addition to sulfur-containing gases (sulfur).


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas is also a major source for helium gas sources.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Methane is a greenhouse gas that can create global warming when detached into the atmosphere, and is generally considered a pollutant rather than a useful energy source.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Even so, methane in the atmosphere reacts with ozone, producing carbon dioxide and water, so the greenhouse effect of methane detaching into the air comparatively only lasts momentarily.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Methane sources derived from living things mostly come from termites, livestock (mammals) and agriculture (estimated that their emission levels are around 15, 75 and 100 million tons per year consecutively).


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and water can also be contained within natural gas.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Mercury can also be contained in small amounts.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

The composition of natural gas varies according to the source of its gas fields.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

A mixture of organosulfur and hydrogen sulfide is the main contaminant (impurity) of the gases that must be separated.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Gas with a significant amount of sulfur impurity is called sour gas and often referred to as “acid gas”.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas that has been processed and will be sold is tasteless and odorless.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

However, before the gas is distributed to the end user, it is usually smelled by adding thiol, so that it can be detected in case of gas leakage.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Processed natural gas itself is actually harmless, but natural gas without the process can cause a suffocation of breathing because it can reduce the oxygen content in the air at a level that can be harmful.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas can be hazardous due to its highly flammable nature and cause explosions.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas is lighter than air, so tends to be easily dispersed in the atmosphere.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

However, when it is in a confined space, such as in a house, the gas concentration can reach the point of an explosive mixture, which, if ignited by fire, can cause an explosion that can destroy the building.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

The harmful methane content in the air is between 6% to 15%.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Explosions for compressed natural gas in vehicles, are generally not alarming due to their lighter nature, and concentrations that are beyond the 6— 15% range that can give rise to explosions.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

General composition of natural gas: Natural Gas Energy Content Combustion of one cubic meter of commercial natural gas produces 38 MJ (10.6 kWh).


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Types of Natural Gas 1.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas (NG) Natural gas is gas collected underground with a variety of compositions that can be related to the composition of petroleum constituents or not related.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons that have high compressive power and large development power with low specific specific gravity.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Formed naturally in the form of gases.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural Gas Liquids (NGL) Is a hydrocarbon compound contained in the accumulated content of natural gas in liquid form in conditions of temperature and pressure that is not extreme.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Propan, Butan, and Pentan are found in the form of gaseous liquids and can be obtained by cooling, refining, or absorption processes.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Liquefied Petro Gas (LPG) Is a propan gas or artificial gas.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Hydrocarbons are gaseous that are heavier than other types of gases so that they are processed into liquids to be relieved in shelters.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Commonly used for small and medium industries and households because of its practicality as a source of thermal energy.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) Most liquefied methane gas.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

The process of designing is not as easy as LPG type, LNG must be cooled with extreme temperatures up to -162 degrees Celsius and very high pressure.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

After the regasification process (return to gas form), the new LNG can be reused for large industries due to its greater energy capability.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

For example, such as the electrical industry and heavy work.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

The storage and transportation method of natural gas storage is carried out by “Natural Gas Underground Storage”, which is a giant room under the ground commonly referred to as “salt dome”, namely underground domes that occur from reservoirs of natural gas sources that have been depleted.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

It is very appropriate for the land 4 seasons.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In the summer when gas consumption for heating is much reduced (low demand), natural gas is injected through gas compressors into the dome in the ground.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In winter, where a very significant need occurs, natural gas stored inside underground vaults is removed to be piped to consumers in need.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

For companies (operators) of natural gas providers, this method is helpful to maintain operational stability of natural gas supply through natural gas pipelines.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Basically natural gas transportation system includes: Transportation via channel pipe.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Transport in the form of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) with LNG tankers for long distance transport.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Transport in the form of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), both on the mainland by road tanker or by CNG tanker at sea, for close and medium distance (between islands).


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In Indonesia, the Oil and Gas Downstream Regulatory Agency (BPH Hilir Migas) has compiled a Master Plan “Integrated National Gas Transmission Parent Network System”.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In no time soon the system of natural gas pipelines will be stretched connecting from Aceh-North Sumatra-Central Sumatra-Java-Sulawesi and Kalimantan.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Currently, gas pipelines in Indonesia are owned by PERTAMINA and PGN and are still located separately in certain areas, for example in North Sumatra, Central Sumatra, South Sumatra, West Java, East Java and East Kalimantan.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Carrier LNG can be used to transport liquefied natural gas (LNG) across the ocean, while tank trucks can carry liquefied natural gas or compressed natural gas (CNG) in close proximity.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

They can transport natural gas directly to end-users or to distribution points, such as pipelines for further transportation.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

It still requires substantial costs for additional facilities for gas liquefaction or compression at production points, and grinding or decompression at end-user points or into pipelines.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Outline utilization of natural gas utilization is divided into 3 groups namely: Natural gas as fuel, among others as Gas/Steam Power Plant fuel, light, medium and heavy industrial fuel, motor vehicle fuel (BBG/NGV), as city gas for household needs of hotels, restaurants and so on.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas as raw material, including fertilizer plant raw materials, petrochemicals, methanol, plastic raw materials (LDPE = low density polyethylene, LLDPE = linear low density polyethylene, HDPE = high density polyethylen, PE=poly ethylene, PVC=poly vinyl chloride, C3 and C4 for LPG, CO2 for soft drink, dry ice food preservative, artificial rain, cast iron industry, welding and light fire extinguisher.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas as an energy commodity for export, namely Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Cutting-edge technology has also been able to utilize natural gas for air conditioners (AC=air conditioning), such as those used in Bangkok airport, Thailand and some college building buildings in Australia.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas in Indonesia The utilization of natural gas in Indonesia began in the 1960s where natural gas production from PT Stanvac Indonesia's natural gas field in Pendopo, South Sumatra was delivered via gas pipeline to the Pusri IA fertilizer plant, PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja in Palembang.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

The development of natural gas utilization in Indonesia increased rapidly since 1974, where PERTAMINA began supplying natural gas through gas pipelines from natural gas fields in Prabumulih, South Sumatra to Pusri II, Pusri III and Pusri IV fertilizer plants in Palembang.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Because it was too old and inefficient, in 1993 Pusri IA was closed, and replaced by Pusri IB built by Indonesian princesses themselves.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

At that time Pusri IB was the most modern fertilizer plant in Asia, because it used high technology.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In West Java, at the same time, 1974, PERTAMINA also supplied natural gas through gas pipelines from natural gas fields off the coast of Java and Cirebon area for fertilizer plants and medium and heavy industries in West Java and Cilegon Banten.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

A natural gas pipeline that runs from Cirebon area to Cilegon, Banten supplies natural gas among others to cement plants, fertilizer plants, ceramic plants, steel plants and gas and steam power plants.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In addition to domestic needs, natural gas in Indonesia is also exported in the form of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) One of the largest natural gas producing areas in Indonesia is Aceh.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas sources contained in the Lhokseumawe City area are managed by PT Arun NGL Company.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Natural gas has been manufactured since 1979 and is exported to Japan and South Korea.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

In addition, in Krueng Geukuh, Nanggröe Aceh Barôh (North Aceh district) there is also PT Pupuk Iskandar Muda urea fertilizer plant, with raw materials from natural gas.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

World gas reserves Total world reserves (which are already confirmed) are 6.12trillion cubic feet.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

The list of the top 20 countries with the largest gas reserves in units of trillion cubic feet (trillion cu ft) is: [1] Russia=1,680 Iran=971 Qatar=911 Saudi Arabia=241 United Arab Emirates=214 United States=193 Nigeria=185 Algeria=84 Malaysia=75 Turkmenistan=71 Uzbekistan=66 Kazakhstan=65 Netherlands=62 Egypt=59 Canada=57 Kuwait=56 The total reserves of the above 20 countries are 5.510 trillion square feet and the total reserves of countries outside the top 20 above are 602 trillion square feet.


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

List of largest gas fields in units (*109 m³): Asalouyeh, South Pars Gas Field (10000 - 15000) Urengoy gas field (10000) Shtokman field (3200) Karachaganak field, Kazakhstan (1800) Slochteren (1500) Troll (1325) Greater Gorgon (1100) Shah Deniz gas field (800) Tough 500 gas field, Indonesia) Sakhalin-I (485) Ormen Lange (400) Jonah Field (300) Snøhvit (140) Barnett Shale (60 - 900) Maui gas field (?)


Question: what are the gas pipelines that the UAE has?

Natural gas

Category Reference:Energy


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Selametan is a ritual tradition performed by Javanese people.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Selametan is also done by the people of Sundanese and Madura.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Selametan is a form of syukuran event by inviting several relatives or neighbors.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Traditionally the event begins with a joint prayer, by sitting cross-legged on a mat, circling the rice tumpeng with side dishes. [1]


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

The practice of selametan ceremony as expressed by Hildred Geertz is generally embraced by Abangan Islamists, while for Putihan Islamists (students) the practice of selametan is not completely acceptable, except by discarding shriking shirk elements such as designations of gods and spirits.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Therefore, for the students, salvation is a prayer ceremony with a leader or modin which is then passed by eating together with the purpose of obtaining salvation and protection from Almighty Allah. [2]


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Slametan is performed to celebrate almost all events, including births, deaths, marriages, house-moving, and so on.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Geertz categorized them into four main types: Those related to life: birth, circumcision, marriage, and death Yang related to the events of the village's Clean Islamic celebration (“village cleansing”), relating to the social integration of the village.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Unusual events such as leaving for a long journey, moving house, changing names, healing diseases, healing of magic influences, and so on.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

The origin of the word Slametan comes from the word slamet (Arabic: salamah) meaning congratulations, happy, sentausa.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Congratulations can be interpreted as a state of escape from unwanted incidents.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Meanwhile, Clifford Geertz slamet means ora ana nothing (nothing) Slametan ceremony is one tradition that is considered to be able to distance itself from mala petaka.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Slametan is a universal concept that in every place must exist under a different name.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

This is because the awareness of the self is weaker 'in the presence of forces outside the human self.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Footnotes Reference H.Th. Fischer, Introduction to Indonesian Cultural Anthropology, terj.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Anas Makruf (Jakarta: Pustaka Sardjana, 1953) Koentjaraningrat, Javanese Culture (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1984) Geertz, Clifford.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

The Religion of Java.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Glencoe, IL: The Free Press, 1960.


Question: When is the best time to do the Wetona Ceremony?

Salvation

Category:Javanese Culture


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Allied forces launched numerous air raids on Japan during World War II, causing extensive damage to various cities in the country and killing between 241,000 and 900,000 people.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Air attacks over Japan had occurred since the first years of the Pacific War triggered by the Japanese attack on the United States base at Pearl Harbor.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Initially these attacks were limited only with the Doolittle Offensive in April 1942 and other small-scale attacks on military positions in the Kuril Islands since mid-1943.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Strategic bombing attacks began to be waged from June 1944 and continued until the end of the war in August 1945.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Allied tactical air units from naval and ground forces also attacked Japan during 1945.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The United States military air campaign began to promote air attacks against Japan from the middle of 1944 and attacks were increasingly waged intensively during the final months of the war.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

While the attack plan had been prepared all the way before the Pacific War, it could not be implemented until the B-29 Superfortress long-range bomber was ready to perform the task.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

From June 1944 to January 1945, several B-29 bombers stationed in India were transferred to bases in China to make a series of assaults on Japan, but these efforts were never successful.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Strategic bombing campaigns were further expanded since November 1944 when bases in the Mariana Islands had become available, this was one of the reasons for the Mariana Islands Campaign. [1]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

These attacks initially sought only to target industrial facilities, but since March 1945 attacks were generally directed against urban areas as Japanese war weapons and supplies were widely carried out in small workshops and private houses.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Aircraft flying from Allied carriers and the Ryukyu Islands also increasingly vociferously hit targets in Japan during 1945 in preparation for carrying out a planned ground invasion to land in Japan scheduled for October 1945.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In mid-August 1945, the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were shocked and largely destroyed by atomic bombs.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The lack of number of fighter aircraft and anti-aircraft guns operated for defense duties on the Japanese islands rendered Japan's military and civil defenses unable to stop Allied attacks.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

As a result, B-29 bombers were easily able to inflict severe damage to urban areas while almost all Japanese domestic areas also suffered as an impact from air raids.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In fact, Japan had alerted its warplanes to counter air attacks from B-29 bombers, but often Japanese warplanes were constrained by lack of fuel and lack of ability for pilots to perform combat tasks.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In addition the lack of coordination within the Japanese military made Japanese air defense operations ineffective.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The ability of the B-29 bomber flying at altitudes difficult to reach by Japanese defensive aircraft and weapons was also one quite heavy blow to the Japanese military.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The magnitude of the impact of the damage is also due to the lack of adequate firefighting services in urban areas that are prone to air attack.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Japan also did not provide sufficient air raid sanctuary for civilians, thus causing a high number of civilian casualties.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Allied bombing was one of the main factors influencing the Japanese government's decision to surrender in mid-August 1945.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Although there has been a long, ongoing debate over the morality of attacks on Japanese cities.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Most controversial was the use of atomic weapons which was estimated to drop casualties on the Japanese side of 333,000 killed and 473,000 wounded (the majority civilians).


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

There are several other estimates of the number of casualties, but it is certain that the number ranges from 241,000 to 900,000.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In addition to the fatalities of mostly civilians, the attacks also caused extensive damage in various Japanese cities and led to large declines in industrial production.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Background to the United States Plan JMPL|250px|Video about “the Flying Tigers” of air volunteers delivered to China the United States Army Air Corps (which was absorbed by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) in February 1942) [5] began developing plans while an air campaign against Japan during 1940.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In that year the naval attaché to the United States Embassy in Tokyo reported that Japan's civil defenses were weak.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

On the part of the United States Air Force was made a proposal to recruit American air opponents tasked with assisting Chinese forces in the Second Sino-Japanese War. [6]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The 1st American Volunteer Group (“Flying Tigers”) began operations in late 1941 using P-40 Warhawk fighter aircraft.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Then a second group of American volunteers was also formed in late 1941 to attack Japan from bases in China using Lockheed Hudson medium bomber aircraft and Douglas A-20 Havoc.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 opened hostilities between the US and Japan.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Americans formed several covert operations units, but these units were eventually deactivated.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

A small number of volunteer air second group personnel sent from the United States in November 1941 were diverted to Australia after the outbreak of war. [7] [8] Prior to the outbreak of war, the USAAF had planned to bomb Japan from air bases on Wake Island, Guam, the Philippines and coastal areas China. [7]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

However, the areas were quickly seized by Japanese forces, and the strength of most of the USAAF heavy bombers in the Philippines was destroyed when Clark Air Base was attacked on December 8, 1941.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The USAAF then attempted to send 13 units of heavy bomber aircraft to China in March and April 1942, aiming to attack islands in Japanese territory.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

These aircraft were able to reach India, but the allied powers faced logistical problems as a result of the fall of Burma into Japanese hands.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek was also reluctant to allow them to operate aircraft from his territory.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Eventually 13 B-24 Liberator heavy bomber units sent from the United States to be operated from China in May 1942 were assigned to support the Allied powers in the Mediterranean. [9]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In July 1942, the commander of an American volunteer group, Colonel Claire Lee Chennault, submitted a request for 100 units of P-47 Thunderbolt temour aircraft and 30 units of B-25 Mitchell medium bomber aircraft, which he believed would be enough to “destroy” the Japanese aircraft industry.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

However it was not met for that time, until three months later Chennault attempted to convince United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt that in just six to twelve months with a force of 105 modern fighter aircraft and 40 bomber aircraft (including 12 heavy bombers) then would be enough for America to “take down Japan”.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

However USAAF headquarters considered this claim to be unbelievable, and the reinforcements Chennault request were never granted. [9]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Japan's defense before the war JMPL|alt=Black and white photo of men and women working on constructing an earthen mound with a doorway cut into it.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The doorway is lined with sandbags. |Air raid shelters built in Japan, September 1940 Before the war the government of Japan's plans in protecting its country from air raids focused more on their superiority neutralizing enemy air bases.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Even before the war Japan estimated the most imminent greatest threat to the Japanese islands was Soviet aircraft based in the Russian Far East.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Japanese military planned to destroy airbases capable of reaching mainland Japan should war break out between Japan and the Soviet Union. [10]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Also when the Pacific War began, the Japanese government estimated that the best strategy to protect the Japanese country from attack was to seize territories in China and the Pacific that would allow the enemy to reach Japan through air strikes. [11]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Allies estimated Japan would not be able to retake the vital air bases it captured.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

But the Japanese nonetheless anticipated the possibility of making small-scale attacks on their islands using naval aircraft flown from aircraft carriers.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Even if finally the Japanese government still decided it would not build stronger defenses to cope with the threat of air strikes for its country.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Whereas an industrialized nation should Japan build defenses for its islands, because industrial destruction in Japan's mother country would have repercussions for their military superiority on the wider Pacific battlefield.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Japan doesn't completely ignore their country's civil defense.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Several air defense units in the form of anti-aircraft batteries were stationed on important Japanese islands during the early months of the Pacific War.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Grand Command of Defence (GDC) was formed in July 1941 to oversee the defence of the Japanese islands, but the entire combat units in this area were only assigned to four military-only regional areas (North, East, Central and West).


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The GDC directly reports everything in their operational area to the War Department.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

As a result, the function of this GDC was limited to coordination and communication only while the main decision-maker was the Imperial Japanese Headquarters as the holder of supreme military power. [12]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

At the beginning of 1942, the force allocated to the defense of Japan comprised 100 Air Force fighter aircraft and 200 Navy owned aircraft, mostly obsolete aircraft.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In addition Japan alerted 500 soldiers and 200 anti-aircraft guns. [13]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Most of these defenses from land, sea and air forces were positioned on important islands with training units having only limited capabilities to resist Allied attacks. [14]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Armed Forces also operated a network of military and civilian observation posts to provide early warning of airstrikes and developed several radar stations.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

As for the move the command and control of air defense split between the Air Force and the Navy made its own difficulties in coordinating each of their activities or communicating with each other.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

As a result, the troops were unable to react in the face of a sudden air attack. [13] JMPL|alt=|Large-scale air raid shelters built in Japan Amid the Pacific War was the state of Japan's cities were very vulnerable to damage caused by space and design of cities in Japan is known to be very weak as well as weak state civil defense organization.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Urban were generally dense and most buildings were constructed of highly flammable materials such as paper and wood.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In addition, industrial and military facilities in urban areas are generally surrounded by densely populated residential buildings. [15] [16] In the vulnerability of the conditions of Japanese cities, the presence of professional firefighters is not very concerned.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Blackout tasks largely rely on volunteers and Japanese fire departments still use outdated equipment and their personnel are not properly trained. [17]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Air training attack anticipation exercises had been imposed in Tokyo and Osaka since 1928.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In 1937 local authorities were obliged to equip civilians with a manual explaining the procedure responding to air raids. [18]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Before the war the Pacific in some places had been built protection from air attack for civilians and also built other air defense facilities. [19]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The initial attack of the Chinese Offensive Chinese Air Force carried out a single attack on the Japanese islands during the Second Sino-Japanese War.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

On 19 May 1938 two Chinese aircraft dropped propaganda leaflets on Nagasaki, Fukuoka, Kurume, Saga, and other locations in Kyūshū.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

These leaflets did not give any impact to Japanese civilians, except to indicate for the Japanese government that China had opportunities to conduct small-scale airstrikes in their area.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Japanese military also misjudged China to have aircraft incapable of carrying out attacks at a 1,300-mile (2,100km) radius from their bases.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

During 1939 Japan took precautions against the chances of Chinese attacks in the western regions of the country. [20]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Doolitle raid USAAF aircraft first bombed Japan in mid-April 1942.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In an operation executed to boost the morale of the United States as well as to avenge the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, 16 B-25 Mitchell medium bombers were brought from San Francisco to the region capable of reaching Japan on the aircraft carrier USS Hornet.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

These aircraft were launched on 18 April, and carried out individual attacks by terget bombing targets in Tokyo, Yokohama, Yokolikeka, Nagoya and Kobe.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Japanese air defense units were taken by surprise, and all B-25s escaped without being able to hold them.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The aircraft then resumed their flights to China and the Soviet Union, although some of them crashed in Japanese territory after running out of fuel. [21]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

This impromptu attack destroyed about 400 houses and inflicted casualties on the Japanese side of 50 dead and more than 400 wounded. [22]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In reality the Doolittle Raid caused only minor damage that was not very meaningful to the Japanese, but the attack brought important consequences for the Americans.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The attack had raised morale in the United States so much that the attack commander, Lieutenant Colonel James H. Doolittle was considered a hero. [23]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Weak air defenses have embarrassed the military leadership in Japan.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Soon afterwards four fighter groups were moved out of the Pacific to defend important Japanese islands.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In an attempt to prevent further naval attacks, the Japanese Navy launched an offensive in the Pacific Ocean that ended in their defeat in the Battle of Midway. [24]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Japanese military also conducted the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Military Campaign to seize airfields in central China where aircraft involved in the Doolittle raid were about to land.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The offensive has indeed managed to achieve its objectives but has resulted in the deaths of 250,000 Chinese soldiers and civilians.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Where of the many deaths of civilians were due to war crimes committed by the Japanese army. [25]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In addition the Japanese Army also began developing fire balloons capable of carrying incendiary bombs from Japan to the mainland United States. [26]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Bombing of the Kuril Islands After the Doolittle Raid, subsequent air raids against Japan were held over the Kuril Islands in the middle of 1943.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

This attack began with the May 1943 liberation operation of Attu Island, Alaska through the Aleut Islands Campaign, Attu Island would later serve as a foundation for the USAAF to reach the Kurils.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In part of preparing for the Kuril liberation operation, parts of the American Air Force first liberated Kiska Island in the Aleutian cluster of islands.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

While some other Air Force powers conducted a series of attacks on the Kurils to suppress Japanese air units stationed there.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The offensive against the Kurils was first waged in the southern part of Shumshu and north of Paramushir with a strength of 8 B-25 units on 10 July.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Kurils were attacked again on 18 July by 6 heavy bombers B-24 Liberator heavy bombers then the United States launched a no-fight attack on the island of Kiska (Operation Cottage) took place on 15 August. [27]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

U.S. Air Force and Navy combat units continued to make small-scale attacks on the Kuril Islands until the final month of the war.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

USAAF attacks were briefly broken during the five months the mission was launched, on 11 September 1943 nine of 20 B-24 and B-25 bomber aircraft were lost after carrying out attacks.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

But the PBY Catalina aircraft operated by the US Navy continued its action to attack the Kurils.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In response to American attacks, the Japanese Navy built its Fleet in the North-East Area in August 1943, and by November of the year the Japanese fighting force in the Kurils and Hokkaido was augmented as many as 260 aircraft.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

After the arrival of two P-38 Lightning squadrons to escort their fighter aircraft in February 1944, the U.S. Air Force resumed offensive action against targets in the Kurils until June 1945. [28]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

This attack provided only minor damage to the Japanese, which gave the Japanese a chance to divert large numbers of their army to defend their northern island from the opportunity of a United States invasion. [29]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Operation Matterhorn Preparatory At the end of 1943, the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the United States armed forces approved a proposal to begin a strategic air campaign against the Japanese of their homeland and East Asia by relying on the Indiana-based B-29 Superfortress heavy bomber and In the future, it is expected to establish an air base in China.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

This strategy, called Operation Matterhorn, involved the construction of a large airfield near Chengdu in mainland China that would later be used for a B-29 refueling base on its way from a udar base in Bengal to attack targets in Japan. [30]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Chennault an important officer of the U.S. Air Force in China, advocated the B-29 base be built near Guilin, to be closer to Japan.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

But this area was considered too vulnerable to Japanese counterattacks. [31]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The decision to build an airfield at Chengdu was also not very effective, as the nearest Japanese island of Chengdu was Kyūshū the only target that B-29 bombers could reach within Japanese territory.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Because these bomber aircraft only had a combat radius of 1,600 miles (2,600km). [32]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Construction of the airfield began in January 1944, and the project involved about 300,000 Chinese conscripts and 75,000 contract workers. [33]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

As the core force of Operation Matterhorn Command XX Bomber Command was assigned, in December 1943 and ground crews began leaving the United States bound for India. [34] [35] The 20th task force of the U.S. Air Force was formed in April 1944 to oversee all B-29 operations.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In an unprecedented move, the USAAF commander, Gen. Henry H. Arnold took personal command of the unit and performed all his duties from the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. [36]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The 58th Bomber Aviator Division was the primary combat unit of XX Bomber Command, beginning to move from their base in Kansas toward India between April to mid-May 1944. [37]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Japanese intelligence detected the construction of B-29 bases in India and China and the military began developing plans to deal with airstrikes coming from China. [38]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Three air force air brigades stationed at Honshū and Kyūshū were later expanded into airborne divisions between March and June (10th, 11th and 12th airborne Divisions).


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

By the end of June the air units defending the Japanese islands were assigned 260 soldiers, and withdrew about 500 additional aircraft to cope with the emergency. [39] [40] [41] Additional anti-aircraft batteries and highlighting units were also established to protect major cities and military bases. [40]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The authority of Japan's main defense command was strengthened by placing military units in the East West, Central military district under command in May. [42]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

While Japanese naval defense combat units were stationed at Kure, Sasebo and Yokointa, the unit was also tasked for major defense command in July.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

But among the army units assigned under the defense command had little cooperation. [41] [43] [44] Despite improvements there, Japan's air defense was still inadequate because some aircraft and anti-aircraft guns could not be engaged in effective for fielding B-29 bomber aircraft at a cruising altitude of 30,000 feet (9,100 m).


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The number of radar stations capable of providing early warning of an attack is also insufficient to span the breadth of territory that must be protected from attack. [45]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The Japanese government is also working to improve the country's civil defenses in response to neither the Doolittle Offensive nor the threat of further attacks.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

On a national scale the government charges the construction of civil airstrike facilities to the prefectural government.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

But in some places this construction project is not carried out because of the shortage of concrete and steel.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In October 1943 the Japanese Ministry of Interior directed households in major cities to build their own sanctuary, although this refuge was only a refuge trench. [19]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

A small number of advanced refuges were built for air defense headquarters and for key protection of telephone facilities.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

But less than two percent of civilians with access to air protection are capable of surviving bomb attacks, even tunnels and natural caves are also used to protect civilians from B-29 attacks. [46]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Following the outbreak of war, the Ministry of Interior increased the number of firefighters by recruiting volunteer regulars who generally did not get training and were not equipped with adequate equipment. [47]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Civilians are also trained to handle fires and encouraged to condemn to respond to attacks on their land with incendiary bombs and high-explosive bombs. [48] jmpl|left|300px|alt=Black and white photo of women standing on a street passing buckets along a chain of people towards a building on fire.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Other people are climbing a ladder from the street into the building. |Civilians participated in an air raid exercise in 1942 By the autumn of 1943 the Japanese government had taken further steps to prepare the country's major cities for air raids.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The air defense headquarters was formed in November, the following month the government carried out a program of destruction of large numbers of buildings in major cities to serve as fire baffles.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

When the war ended no fewer than 614,000 home units had been demolished for in this fire baffle program.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Japan's total losses in public housing as a result of this fire insulating program reached one-fifth of the total destruction of homes and government buildings due to the war, and resulted in evacuation for 3.5 million people. [49]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The government also encouraged its citizens at high risk made up of elderly people, children and women in towns believed to be invaded to move to the countryside from December in 1943.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

In this program included plans to evacuate all school pupils based on their school.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

By August of 1944, 330,000 pupils had been evacuated in their school groups and another 459,000 had moved to the countryside with their families. [48]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Not much action can be taken to stop industrial facilities from being too vulnerable to attack, because industrial facilities are still highly relied upon to meet war and civil logistics needs. [50]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Attacks from China XX Bomber Command began flying missions facing Japan in mid-June 1944.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

The first attack occurred on the night of 15/16 June when 75 B-29 bomber units were sent to attack the imperial iron and steel mills in Yawata north of Kyūshū.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

This attack contributed little damage at the expense of seven units of B-29 bomber aircraft, but this attack received great attention from U.S. citizens as it was covered enthusiastically by the media.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

For Japanese civilians this attack became a major threat as the war had now taken place in their own homeland. [51] [52] The Japanese military began to expand their fighting power on the main islands after the attack on Yawata, in October about 375 aircraft units was tasked with filling an air defense division.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Until the end of March 1945 the strength of the division was still unchanged. [41]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

From his place at the Pentagon, General Henry H. Arnold relieved assigned XX Bomber Command commander Brigadier General Kenneth Wolfe shortly after the raid on Yawata, as Wolfe was unable to make further attacks on Japan due to a shortage of fuel stocks at Chinese bases.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Wolfe's replacement was Major General Curtis LeMay, a veteran of U.S. Air Force bombing raids against Germany. [53]


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Continued attacks of B-29 bombers launched from China generally failed to achieve attack objectives.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

A second attack occurred on 7 July when 17 B-29 units attacked Sasebo, Omura and Tobata, but delivered only minor damage.


Question: which country created the first interceptor Aircraft?

Airstrikes in Japan

Then and on the night of 10/11 August 24 Superfortress units attacked Nagasaki.