Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

This plant is a shrub or small tree that is usually pruned when cultivated to harvest its leaves.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

It has a strong taproot.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

The flowers are yellow-white 2.5—4cm in diameter with 7 to 8 petal.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Camellia sinensis seeds and Camellia oleifera seeds can be pressed or squeezed to obtain tea oil, a slightly sweet spice as well as a cooking oil different from tea tree oil, an essential oil used for health and beauty purposes and derived from plant foliage that is different.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

The leaves are 4—15cm long and 2—5cm wide.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Fresh leaves contain about 4% caffeine [2].


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Young, light green leaves are preferred for tea production; they have short white hairs on the underside of the leaves.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Old leaves are darker in color.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Leaves of different ages produce different qualities of tea, due to their different chemical composition.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Usually, the shoots and the first two to three leaves are harvested for permroprocessing.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

This plucking by hand is repeated every two weeks.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Cultivation The tea plant is mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates, in acreages with rainfall of at least 50 inches a year.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

However, it is cultivated commercially from catulistiwa to as far as Cornwall in the main mainland of England. [3] many high quality teas are grown at altitudes up to 1500 metres because at those heights, the plant grows slower and the taste gets better.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Tea plants will become trees if allowed to grow just like that, while cultivated tea plants are pruned for easy picking.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Indian tea Indian tea is usually classified by its growing area; the three main tea producing regions in India are Darjeeling, Assam and Nilgiri.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Due to the good growing conditions Darjeeling is considered tea enthusiasts as the best Indian tea.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Assam is the largest tea producing area in India with production of 473,000 tonnes annually.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Assam has 271,768 hectares of tea plantations with 43,293 hectares of crops producing.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Assam tea is rich in flavour and is often used as the main ingredient of breakfast tea blends.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Nilgiri tea is grown in the Blue mountain region of South India.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

This producing area includes 62,039 hectares and 62,145 hectares of tea gardens.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Annual tea production is about 120,000 tonnes.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Chinese Tea Chinese Tea Plant (sometimes called Camellia sinensis var. sinensis) is a small-leaved shrub with many branches reaching about 3 meters high and originating in southeastern China. The first tea plant was discovered, recorded and used to produce a three-thousand-year-old tea Then, he produced some of the most popular teas.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Camellia sinensis var. waldenae was originally considered a distinct species, Camellia waldenae by S.Y.Hu, [4] but was later identified as a variety of Camellia sinensis. [5]


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

This variety is commonly called Camellia Walden.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

He was seen on the mountaintops of Tai Mo Shan and Tai Tung Shan in Hong Kong.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

It is also spread in Guangxi Province, China. [4]


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Treatment Use Tea leaves are used in traditional Chinese medicine as well as other treatment systems to treat asthma (serving as a dilation of the bronchi), angina pectoris, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary heart disease.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Tea extract has become a concern because it is known to have antibacterial activity.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Preservation of processed organic foods as well as treatment of sedentary bacterial infections are being investigated.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Green tea leaves and their extracts have been shown to be effective against bacteria that cause bad breathing.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

A chemical component of tea called epicatechin error in is being researched because in-vitro exrerimen shows that it can reverse bacterial immunity to methicillin antibiotics in bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

It is confirmed that if combined drinking together tea extracts containing these components will increase the effectiveness of treatment with methicillin against immune bacteria.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Reference Outside link Check date values in: |date=, |year=/|date= mismatch (help) from Purdue University Plant Cultures: from Toklai Tea Research Station, Jorhat, Assam.


Question: What are the main features of the genus Cydonia?

Camellia sinensis

Antibacterial Activity of Green Tea Extracts against Streptococcus anginosus group: The effect of a component of tea (Camellia sinensis) on methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus: Category:Tea


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

State-run television station, TVRI held a television monopoly in Indonesia until 1989 [1], when the first commercial station, RCTI (Rajawali Citra Television Indonesia) started its broadcasts as a local television station and was later granted a license to air nationally a year later.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Each network has a wide variety of programs, ranging from traditional shows, such as puppet shows, to programs such as Indonesian Idol which are based on Western models.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

One typical television show common to each station is soap operas (short for electronic cinema). [2]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

This soap opera is usually a drama series, following the format of a soap opera, but can also refer to a fictional series.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Sometimes it can be in a comedy genre, such as the popular Bajaj Bajuri series, which features a bajaj driver and his passenger.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

History The first time Indonesians witnessed television demonstrations was in 1955, 29 years after its introduction in 1926, and 26 years after the world's first television broadcast was made in 1929.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The first television in Indonesia was brought from the USSR during the 200-year Celebration Exhibition of Yogyakarta City (King's Week 200 Tahoen Kota Djogjakarta). [3]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 25 July 1961, the Minister of Lighting of the Republic of Indonesia, R. Maladi, signed an agreement (SK Menpen) to create a committee in preparation for the establishment of television stations in Indonesia.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The committee was established as part of the preparations for the fourth Asian Games.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

There was only one year to create studios, broadcast towers, and other technical equipment at the site of the former Information Academy in Senayan.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In a short time of preparation, Soekarno had a very important role, to personally select the equipment and where they should be brought from.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The first trial TV broadcast was live coverage of the 17th Anniversary of Indonesian Independence on the morning of 17 August 1962 from Jakarta Merdeka Palace. [4]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

At 14:30, 24 August 1962, Jakarta residents watched the live broadcast of the opening ceremony of the 4th Asian Games from Gelora Bung Karno.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The broadcast was hosted by the Television Division of the Television and Radio Organizing Committee Bureau.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

That date is currently known as the birth day of Television Republik Indonesia or TVRI, the first television station in Indonesia.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 20 October 1963, the government issued a Presidential Decree (Keppres) on the establishment of the TVRI Foundation (Jajasan TVRI) as the governing body of this television.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In the first year of TVRI broadcast, there were 10,000 television owners in Indonesia.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

From then on, the TVRI Foundation provided taxes for television owners until 1969, when the television ownership tax was transferred by mail and air delivery throughout the country.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

From 1963 to 1976, TVRI established television stations in Yogyakarta (1965), Medan (1970), Makassar (1972), Balikpapan (1973), and Palembang (1974).


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In 2001, TVRI had 12 television stations and 8 production studios.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Colour broadcasting was introduced on September 1, 1979 [3] on national and local TVRI stations, which was extended to other provincial capitals.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

TVRI also adopted a second channel for Jakarta viewers at the same time.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Advertising was introduced on TVRI on 1 March 1963 to cope with increased broadcast hours.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

These advertisements are known as Commercial Broadcasts (literally meaning “broadcast advertisements”).


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Today, television and other common advertisements are known simply as advertisements. [5]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 16 August 1976, the Domestic Satellite Communication System (SKSD) through Palapa A1 was inaugurated.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

This communications satellite was the first satellite owned by Indonesia and one of the first satellites operated by a developing country.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Palapa A1 has 12 transponders which allow TVRI to distribute broadcasts reaching nationwide.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

So TVRI entered 1980 with a dwi-channel system, first, TVRI Nasional, which broadcast nationally with the second channel broadcasting local content from the province and Jakarta.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On January 5, 1980, President Soeharto issued instructions to remove Commercial Broadcasts from TVRI. [6]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The reason is from the belief that the advertisement could create a negative impact for the development of Indonesia during that time.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

This instruction has created pros and cons, especially since there is no research behind this statement.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

One month later, the Department of Knowledge Research and Research decided to conduct a study on the impact of advertising on national development programs. [3]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 24 August 1989, Indonesia's second television station, Rajawali Citra Televisi Indonesia or RCTI, was inaugurated.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

This television station was the first private television station in Indonesia.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The television station is owned by Bambang Trihatmodjo.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Unlike TVRI, RCTI is allowed to broadcast commercials for up to 15% of its broadcast hours.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 24 August 1990, the third television station, Surya Citra Televisión, formerly SCTI or Surabaya Central Television Indonesia, was inaugurated.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The television station is owned by “cinema king” Sudwikatmono.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On September 13, 1990, the President issued Presidential Decree No. 40 on television ownership tax collection between TVRI Foundation and PT Mekatama Raya, a private company owned by Sudwikatmono and Sigit Hardjojudanto.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

From its inception in 1991, this private company was the body responsible for withdrawing television ownership tax from the public.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The reason for this change was to increase revenue from the lower 1969 postal and current account system.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On January 23, 1991, PT Cipta Televisi Pendidikan Indonesia (TPI) began broadcasting educational programs with several advertisements.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The company was managed by Siti Hardijanti Rukmana.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

During its first years, TPI shared a channel with TVRI.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Facilities and operators are supported by TVRI in the morning when TVRI is not broadcasting.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 14 April 1992, the Directorate General of Radio, Television and Film decided that the TVRI Foundation would withdraw the tax on television ownership, after one year, PT Mekatama Raya failed to raise revenue.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In October 1992, the Department of Lighting issued permission to six companies to establish private television companies: PT Indosiar Visual Mandiri or Indosiar (Jakarta), PT Sanitya Mandara Televisión (Yogyakarta), PT Merdeka Citra Televisión Indonesia (Semarang, owned by Suara Merdeka Group), PT Ramako Indotv (Batam), PT Cakrawala Andalas Television or ANTV (Lampung), and PT Cakrawala Bumi Sriwijaya Television (Palembang).


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Of all six corporate televisions, only PT Indosiar Visual Mandiri and PT Cakrawala Andalas Television can broadcast continuously.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On February 28, 1993, PT Cakrawala Andalas Television, a joint venture between the Agung Laksono family and Aburizal Bakrie, started its first broadcast.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The broadcasting station was originally planned to be located in Lampung, but later moved to Jakarta, in a building in Kuningan.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

PT Indosiar Visual Mandiri, owned by the Salim Group, started its first broadcast on January 11, 1995.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In March 1998, Indovision cable television, operated by PT Matahari Lintas Cakrawala under the leadership of Peter F. Gontha, began operations as the first cable television in Indonesia (the first cable television operated in the United States in 1972).


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Previously, since 1996, Indovision has been operated using television decoders and parabolic antennas.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

By October 1999, out of fourteen applicants that had been accepted by the Information Department, five television broadcasting companies had passed the selection and received broadcast permits.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

These companies include Trans TV (PT Television Transformation Indonesia, led by Ishadi S.K., former head of TVRI), MetroTV (operated by Indonesian Media Group led by Surya Paloh), Global TV (PT Global Informasi Bermutu, founded by Timmy Habibie), Lativi (PT. Lativi Media Karya, owned by Abdul Latief), and TV7 (PT Duta Visual Nusantara Tivi Tujuah).


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Metro TV was first broadcast on November 25, 2000, as the seventh Indonesian television broadcasting company. [7]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 7 June 2000, following changes following the dissolution of the Department of Lighting by President Abdurrahman Wahid, TVRI officially changed its status to Jawatan Company.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The use of Chinese was banned in 1965—1994 on Indonesian television, but its use did not come until later years.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In November 2000, Metro TV became the first station to broadcast news in Chinese for local television stations since its broadcast start in Indonesia. [8]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The development of television broadcasting In Indonesia, the development of television programs is also an interesting thing to discuss.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

At the beginning of its appearance, television was used to broadcast important events, such as the Asian Games or the Indonesian Independence Ceremony and broadcast news.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

As the times change, television programs have become more varied with the presence of television programs that are more entertaining than educational elements.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Here is the development of broadcast programs on television in Indonesia. [9]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

News and Education Program The first television station in Indonesia, TVRI focuses on broadcasting educational and informative content.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

At that time, television became a tool of the government to build public opinion by broadcasting the political and social activities of the government in power at the time.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

TVRI has flagship news programs named 'Dunia Dalam Berita' and 'National News” which aired in prime time hours.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

After that, TPI appeared which initially had positioning as an educational television supporting TVRI broadcast.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

TPI in its initial year shared a channel with TVRI and aired several educational programs.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

After the new order era ended, there appeared several private televisions that had a broadcast focus in news content.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

MetroTV was the first news television station in Indonesia that began broadcasting in late 2000.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

MetroTV broadcasts more news content, political talk shows and other television shows than entertainment programs.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Until now, other news television stations such as TVOne, Kompas TV, CNN Indonesia and others appeared.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In addition, other TV stations also have news programs that are quite popular such as Coverage 6 (SCTV), Searang iNews (RCTI), Patrol (Indosiar), and others.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Although it has educational news programs, it is also undeniable that some TV stations today are also dedicated to certain political intentions so that the news issued is sometimes heavy and unfair. [10]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Television Entertainment Programs at this point are actually more widely used as a means of entertainment by most communities.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

TV is considered the easiest and inexpensive entertainment means so many Indonesians still depend on entertainment programs that exist in television stations.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The development of entertainment programs in Indonesia is also very diverse with competition between television stations is also getting tougher.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Here are some examples of entertainment programs on Indonesian television.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Soap operas.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Soap soap operas are still one of the most favorite entertainment impressions in Indonesia.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

From the beginning of its emergence until now, soap operas have always received the top spot as the most watched program.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Soap operas also have the development of the genre according to its era at that time.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In addition to original soap operas in local production, some soap operas outside also had to decorate the glass screen of Indonesia, among others telenovela (soap operas from Latin America), Korean/Asian dramas, Hollywood dramas to Indian and Turkish soap operas are quite popular lately. [11]


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Musical events.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Music events also have quite varied development.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In the past, there was a special music broadcast called MTV Indonesia that aired music content in the form of video clips, popular charts and speech titles with music actors at that time.


Question: When was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Then came the era of live music events on TV that are now still broadcast every morning such as DahSyat and Inbox.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Reality show.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

This type of entertainment event is also growing rapidly in Indonesia.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Reality shows have always had a place in the hearts of Indonesian audiences.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Indonesian television broadcast type JMPL|Production of Hikmah Fajar program in RCTI in 2004. jmpl|Broadcast device in RCTI broadcast car.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Terrestrial TV was started with the establishment of the first television station in Indonesia.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Indonesia had only one television channel until the establishment of another, RCTI was the first private television in Indonesia.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Currently, the main national free-to-air terrestrial television stations in Indonesia are TVRI, RCTI, SCTV, MNCTV, antv, Indosiar, MetroTV, Trans TV, Trans7, TVOne, GTV, Kompas TV, NET., RTV, and iNews.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Analog terrestrial television in Indonesia is currently broadcast using PAL-B/G system with stereo NICAM sound.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Since the first quarter of 2011 the rules allow the viewing of digital television in conjunction with analog television in some areas.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Indonesia adopted DVB-T format but decided to change to DVB-T2 on 1 January 2012.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Satellite Satellite television has been available in Indonesia since Indovision which was established on 8 August 1988 and officially launched on 16 January 1994.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

On 12 December 2017 Indovision's company name changed its name to MNC Vision.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Since the technology for satellite television has changed from analog to digital.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Satellite television in Indonesia uses DVB-S format. To date, there are more than five pay-satellite TV operators such as Indovision, Transvision, TOP TV, YestV, Aora TV.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

BiG TV and OkeVision.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Free satellite TV is available nationwide via various satellites, such as Palapa-D and Telkom-3S satellites.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Kabel PT Broadband Multimedia Tbk was the first operator for cable TV in Indonesia under the brand name “Kabelvision” on January 16, 1994.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In 2006, the company launched Digital 1 along with technology changing from analog to digital.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

The company then changed its corporate name to PT First Media Tbk on September 8, 2007 and also launched a new brand, the name First Media.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Cables are now only available in Jabodetabek, Surabaya, Malang and Bandung.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Cable TV in Indonesia uses DVB-C format. Mobile Mobile TV has two categories, free-to-air and Pay TV.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Free-to-air TV was available for many years in Indonesia.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Free-to-air is to use technologies such as UHF/VHF analogues.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Now free-to-air TV has adopted digital technology.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

In Indonesia, free-to-air TV uses DVB-H format. There is only one Mobile Pay TV operator in Indonesia.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

Mobile TV is currently only available in Jakarta.


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

List of terrestrial television channels Most viewed channels Most viewed channels in Q1 2012. [12]


Question: when was Colors TV established?

Television in Indonesia

See also List of television stations in Indonesia Electronic Cinema Indonesian Culture Reference


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Main Page James Bond 007 (better known as James Bond, Agent 007 or JB) is a fictional character created in 1953 by an English writer Ian Fleming, who later appeared in twelve novels and two original short story collections. [1]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The character was later used in the highest-grossing and most successful film media franchise worldwide to date, beginning in 1962 in Dr. No. [2] [3] [4] After Fleming died in 1964, the writing of James Bond novels was continued by Kingsley Amis (as Robert Markham), John Pearson, John Pearson, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, Jeffery Deaver, William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz. [5]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In addition, Christopher Wood ovelized two films into novels, Charlie Higson wrote stories about Young James Bond, and several other authors gained trust to develop non-official James Bond stories. [6]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

There have been 24 films released and included in EON Productions' “official” production series, the last and most recent to date being Spectre released on 26 October 2015 (for UK regions).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In addition to the EON version, other producers also tried to develop the James Bond story in several variations, namely in radio skits, comics, and video games.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The films produced by EON Productions are also called official films, after the production rights were purchased by producer Harry Saltzman in the late 1950s. [7] The history and inspiration of Commander Sir James Bond, KCMG, RNVR, was a British intelligence secret agent (Secret Intelligence Service, abbreviated SIS, otherwise known also by the name MI6, or commonly also using the pseudonym Universal Exports).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

He was created in January 1952 by British journalist, Ian Fleming when he was on holiday in Jamaica.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The name James Bond was taken from a bird expert from the US, and also a birdwatcher from the Caribbean. [8]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

James Bond's parents were Andrew Bond, a Scotsman, and Monique Delacroix who was from Canton de Vaud, Switzerland.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The origin of the two is mentioned in On Her Majesty's Secret Service.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Fleming added a Scottish element to James Bond after seeing Sean Connery's character in Dr. No. While the Swiss character was added because Ian Fleming still had Swiss blood. [9]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

A plan, but failed to be realized, had Fleming thought of writing a Bond novel that tells about the origin of Bond's mother.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In his fictional biography of agent 007, John Pearson gives Bond's day of birth which is on November 11, 1920 (Armistice Day).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

An earlier part of the film For Your Eyes Only gives the caption that James Bond's wife was born in 1943.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

And this gives the assumption that James Bond is much younger than Pearson outlined.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

There are several other references to James Bond's age.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In You Only Live Twice for example, Tiger Tanaka explains that James Bond was born in “Year of the Rat” (1924/25 or maybe 1912/13).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service, the Bond family slogan is “Orbis non Sufficit” (en: “The World Is Not Enough” — en: “The World Ain't Enough”). [10]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

After completing the manuscript for Casino Royale, Fleming then gave the manuscript to a friend, who later became the editor of the original James Bond novel, poet William Plomer to read it.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Plomer then liked it and gave it to Jonathan Cape, who initially did not like the character that Fleming created.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Finally Cape decided to publish it in 1953 after getting a recommendation from Fleming's eldest brother, Peter, who also became a writer on the variety of regions and places. [11]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Some observers agree that James Bond is ostensibly to be an unofficial biography of Ian Fleming, wherein himself a female charmer.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Both Fleming and Bond were graduates from the same school, had the same favorite foods (omelet and coffee), had similar favorites (drinking, smoking, and wearing short-sleeved shirt clothes), and briefly worked in the Navy at Commander level.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

They both also share the same height, weight, hairstyle, and eye color. [12]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Some other observers explained that James Bond's appearance was a portrayal of Hoagy Carmichael.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In Casino Royale, the main female character Vesper Lynd states, “Bond reminds me more of Hoagy Carmichael, but he is cooler and hellish.”


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Further in Moonraker, a special clerk from Gala Brand felt that “Bond is very special, more so than a Hoagy Carmichael.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

It has good dark hair, but with the appearance of extremely cold eyes like a murderer.”


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Novels and the like Novels by Ian Fleming The month of February 1952, Ian Fleming began the writing of James Bond.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

At that time he was serving as manager for the Kemsley daily, which is the corporate parent of The Daily Express in London.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Before accepting the manager's offer, Fleming had time to apply for one of the conditions, which was two months of vacation a year in his employment contract.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

When he got his vacation time, he then chose Jamaica, where he finally found inspiration to write James Bond.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Between 1953 until the day of his death in 1964, Fleming had written and released 12 novels and one short story (the other one published after Fleming's death).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In his official biography, Ian Fleming claimed he had planned his writing career since he was still serving as a member of the British Navy intelligence union when World War II occurred.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Fleming then said to his friend: “I will write a spy story that will at once put an end to other spy stories.” —Ian Fleming [13] Fleming then used his entire intellect career experience as the central line of his fictional story, plus some aspects of his own personal life. [13]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Novels by the author after Ian Fleming After Ian Fleming died in 1964, the continuation of the James Bond novels was written by Kingsley Amis (as Robert Markham) in the book entitled Colonel Sun. [28] Although there are two book versions of the film novelization titled James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me and James Bond and Moonraker written by then-James Bond film screenwriter Christopher Wood, the writing of James Bond novels did not resume until the 1980s. [29] In 1981 John Gardner restarted writing James Bond novels under the title Licence Renewed.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

He then wrote as many as 16 books until 1996 when he resigned for health reasons. [30]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Raymond Benson, a writer of U.S. nationality, was chosen to be John Gardner's successor in 1997. [31]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

He then wrote six novels, three film novelizations, and three short stories until 2002. [32]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 2007, it was announced that Sebastian Faulks would write the next James Bond novel to commemorate the 100 years of Ian Fleming's birth.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Faulks' book of James Bond novels titled Devil May Care, published on May 27, 2008. [33]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

After Faulks refused to write another James Bond novel, Ian Fleming Publications then appointed another US writer previously famous thanks to his thriller novels, Jeffery Deaver in May 2010 to write a novel titled Carte Blanche which was published on May 26, 2011. [34]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

With this, Deaver became the second U.S. author to gain the honor of being the author of a James Bond novel after Raymond Benson.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The story line of Deaver's Bond novel was updated to set the current era with Bond being born in 1979. [35]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 2013, author William Boyd got the opportunity to release a novel then titled Solo with a story timeline in 1969. [36]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Subsequently in 2015 the novel titled Trigger Mortis was released by author Anthony Horowitz with a storyline of the time in the decade of the 1950s. This novel contains some elements written but never published by Ian Fleming. [37] [38] [39] While another story story about James Bond, but with a different plot and background of James Bond when he was a teenager titled The Young Bond Series began His workmanship in 2005 by Charlie Higson. [40] [41] From 2005 to 2008, Higson wrote five pieces of Young Bond novels.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

One of them titled SilverFin was later re-released in graphic novel form in October 2008.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

An adaptation of the Late 1950s version of EON Productions, EON Productions bought the copyright of every 007 novel to lift to the big screen, except for Casino Royale (which could only be taken over in 1999 [42]).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The first James Bond film adaptation of the novel appeared first in 1962 under the title Dr.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

No, with Sean Connery's main cast as Agent 007.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Connery next acted in more than six films (including 1983's Never Say Never Again, although the original was not an EON production).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

After Connery, Bond's cast was continued by George Lazenby (one film), Roger Moore (seven films), Timothy Dalton (two films), Pierce Brosnan (four films), and Daniel Craig (currently only three films).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

As of the end of 2012, there have been 23 films in production by EON.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The 21st film, Casino Royale, with star Daniel Craig, was released November 14, 2006 [43], with launch venues in Asia and the Middle East. [44]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

And this also makes it the first James Bond film to be released in China, after previous films were almost completely never officially released in China. [45]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The James Bond film series was able to make a profit of up to 5 billion dollars or about 13 billion dollars when calculated including the overall inflation value in various countries.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The 23rd film titled Skyfall released in the US on November 9, 2012 was able to make a profit of about 1 billion US dollars, and it puts James Bond as the world's highest-grossing film above Harry Potter, for now. [46] [47] The success achieved by Skyfall has made EON Productions move quickly to start working on the Bond 24 screenplay.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Daniel Craig has confirmed that he will remain as James Bond in the next two Bond films that will still be co-produced by EON Productions, Sony Pictures and MGM. [48]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Sam Mendes (previously stated stepping down from this project) will return to be director for Bond 24.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Not the EON Productions version In 1954, the CBS television network paid to Ian Fleming to adapt Casino Royale as one of the special episodes in the series Climax!


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In the show Barry Nelson played a CIA agent named Jimmy Bond, Clarence Lieter became a British agent played by Michael Pate, and Peter Lorre played Le Chiffre.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The 1956 Bob Holness starred in a radio skit in South Africa under the title Moonraker, making him the second actor to play James Bond.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Referring to Andrew Pixley's record in the Danger Man soundtrack, Ian Fleming briefly collated with Ralph Smart to bring James Bond into television, but failed, as Ralph Smart preferred to develop Danger Man alongside Patrick McGoohan.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The year 1967, Casino Royale was then elevated to the big screen with stars David Niven as Sir James Bond 007 and Ursula Andress as Vesper Lynd.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The original fact, David Niven was Ian Fleming's first choice to play the James Bond character [49], while Albert R. Broccoli preferred Sean Connery.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

David Niven is the only James Bond actor mentioned in two Bond novels by Fleming.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Bond visits an exclusive ski resort and explains that David Niven is a regular visitor to the ski resort.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

While in You Only Live Twice Kissy Suzuki mentions Niven's name as the only man who will be delivering her around Hollywood.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Ursula Andress also softened her name in one of the texts in the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service as one of the people in the ski resort.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In a documentary made by the BBC in 1973 entitled Omnibus: The British Hero filled by Christopher Cazenove who played several characters including Richard Hannay and Bulldog Drummond, also contains a dramatic scene of James Bond from the film Goldfinger and Diamonds Are Forever . [50]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

A legal approval led Kevin McClory to release a film remake of Thunderball titled Never Say Never Again in 1983.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The film contains Sean Connery as the cast of Bond, but the film is not an official James Bond film, because it is not part of the production of EON Productions and United Artists, although currently the film is owned by United Artist's parent, MGM.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The film was released in October 1983, and led to two James Bond films on the market, when EON's official film, Octopussy was still circulating in cinemas worldwide.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The war of two James Bond was then known under the term Warfare Two James Bond — Sean Connery vs. Roger Moore.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The music of “James Bond Theme” was written by Monty Norman and first appeared by being composed by the John Barry Orchestra for the 1962 film, Dr.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

No, beyond that, the copyright ownership of this theme song had been a controversy for almost four decades.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Finally in 2001, Norman won a £30,000 lawsuit over the case from British daily The Sunday Times. [51]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Barry also composed eleven other James Bond songs, although his name is not listed in Dr.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

No, and instead aforementioned as the creator of the “007 Theme”, [52] which was used in several Bond films, and later known for the main theme song in “On Her Majesty's Secret Service.”


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Both the “James Bond Theme” and “On Her Majesty's Secret Service” were later used by several other popular artists, such as Art of Noise, Moby, Paul Oakenfold, and Propellerheads.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The Beatles also used several portions of the “Bond theme” in an early part of the song “Help” in the release for the US version.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

An English/Australian string quartet group also used the name bond (written in lower case) for their song entitled “Bond on Bond. “[53]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

After John Barry, at this time the writing of Bond songs was continued by David Arnold, [54] having previously been successively composed by Chris Minear and Corbin Ott and the record producers such as George Martin, Bill Conti, Michael Kamen, Marvin Hamlisch and Éric Serra.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Arnold also wrote the song for the 22nd Bond film, Quantum of Solace. [55] [56] Some of the James Bond theme songs were sung by several world-famous singers, including Tina Turner, Paul McCartney and Wings, Sheryl Crow and Chris Cornell, along with several other singers.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

To date British legendaries singer Shirley Bassey became the most performed singer to sing the Bond theme song, of which she appeared in three films (Goldfinger, Diamonds Are Forever, and Moonraker).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

After Doctor No, On Her Majesty's Secret Service was the only James Bond film to use an instrumental theme song, although Louis Armstrong's ballad song titled “We Have All the Time in the World”, accompanying Bond and his wife, Tracy, is mentioned as not the official theme song Bond.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The Bond theme song is usually titled or named the same as the film.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

One of the biggest reasons was given when Mr. Kiss's Kiss Bang Bang for Thunderball was not titled the same as the movie.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

“Nobody Does It Better”, the theme song for The Spy Who Loved Me, is the first Bond theme song not to be titled similarly to the film, although the sentence “the spy who loved me” is featured in the song's lyrics.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The song is then performed in the opening and closing of the film.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

“Nobody Does It Better” was later also included in the nominations for the Academy Award category “Best Original Song” of 1977, but lost to the song “You Light Up My Life”.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Composer Marvin Hamlisch was also entered into the “Oscars”, but was outbid by John Williams who became the composer for Star Wars.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Another James Bond theme song that entered an Academy Award nomination for the “Best Song” category was “Live and Let Die”, written by Paul and Linda McCartney and sung by the band group Wings. [57]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The song “For Your Eyes Only”, written by Bill Conti and Michael Leeson and sung by Sheena Easton, also entered Academy Awards nominations. [58] [59] The song “A View to a Kill” sung by Duran Duran became the only Bond theme song to make it to the number one pop charts on AS. [60]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The only singer, to date, to perform when the opening credit of a James Bond film is Sheena Easton in For Your Eyes Only. [61]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The only singer to appear as a character in the film, to date, is Madonna, who performs (but is not mentioned in the ending credits) as Verity's fencing instructor, as well as also writing and singing the theme song “Die Another Day”. [62]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Meanwhile Chris Cornell, who performed the song You Know My Name on Casino Royale is the first male singer since a-ha to be the singer of Bond's theme song on The Living Daylights in 1987. [62]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The song “Another Way to Die”, sung by Alicia Keys and Jack White in Quantum of Solace, became the first James Bond theme song in duet form. [63]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The song “Skyfall”, which Adele sang won Best Original Song (Oscar) at the 85th Academy Award. [64]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Bond's latest theme song is “Writing's on the Wall” which Sam Smith sang for the movie Spectre.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The song became the fifth unequal theme song with the title of the film released.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 1998, some of John Barry's songs in You Only Live Twice were adapted into a hit song titled Millennium by producer and composer Guy Chambers for British singer Robbie Williams.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In his video clip, Williams appeared in James Bond style, and referred to several Bond films such as Thunderball and From Russia With Love.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Filming of this video clip was shot at Pinewood Studios, where the majority of Bond films took up filming there.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 2004, the Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps won the Drum Corps International World Championship contest alongside “007", putting on James Bond music composed by David Arnold.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The Cavaliers contributed in the films GoldenEye, Die Another Day (“Hovercraft Theme” and “Welcome to Cuba”), and Tomorrow Never Dies.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Video game The first time a James Bond video game was developed and later published was in 1983 by Parker Brothers [65], to be played in the Atari 2600, Atari 5200, Atari 800, Commodore 64, and ColecoVision consoles.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Since then, there have been several other James Bond video games released based on the film and on the novel. [66]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Unfortunately James Bond video games were not very popular until 1997 when the release of GoldenEye 007 by Rare for the Nintendo 64. [67]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

With the success of GoldenEye 007 released a second game titled GoldenEye: Rogue Agent with a little follow-up from GoldenEye 007.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In these two video games, Bond only gets a small role, and then he is “killed” at the beginning of the mission in the middle of the game. [68]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 1999 the James Bond video game development license was taken over by Electronic Arts (EA) who then released eight games [69], five of which came from original film/novel versions, including James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing, by including the trend of RPGs that began to be popular since GoldenEye 007 (including the games “Agent Under Fire” and “Nightfire”) and includes other features containing third people who take part in the mission including Willem Dafoe, Heidi Klum, Judi Dench, John Cleese and of course Pierce Brosnan as James Bond, most of these video games later using Brosnan as James Bond. [69]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 2005, Electronic Arts released a video game adaptation of From Russia with Love, another similar game is Everything or Nothing. [69]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

It is the second game based out of a Connery Bond film in the 1960s era. Connery himself later played the role of voice cast in both video games.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 2006, Activision also obtained an official license to make James Bond video games [70], initially the video game company shared a license with EA, but in September 2007, Activision managed to take over in full the licenses of the James Bond and Superman video games from EA's hands. [71]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Then Activision released its latest James Bond game titled Quantum of Solace in late 2008 to help the success of its similarly titled film. [72]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In conjunction as one of the sponsors in the film, the mobile phone company Sony Ericsson released the Casino Royale game for SE phones of the type K800i. [73]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

GSM operator Vodafone also released a game for mobile phones titled 007: Hoverchase developed by IOMO.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Comics In 1957, the Daily Express, a general daily owned by Lord Beaverbrook, asked Ian Fleming for permission to adapt one of his stories into comic strip form. [74]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

After thinking long and worrying that comics could ruin his novel's literary work, eventually Fleming stuju and comic strip based out of the novel Casino Royale was published in 1958. [75]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Since then several famous comics have also followed the steps above, including Colonel Sun, written by Ian Fleiming on behalf of Kingsley Amis and many more short stories by Fleming.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Later this comic strip was produced continuously until 1983. [76]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Titan Books is currently gaining the trust to reissue entire classic James Bond comic strips. [77]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Until the end of 2005, the publishing company successfully republished the entire Colonel Sun story, and then tried to publish other comic strip series. [77]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Several comic books adapted from James Bond films have been published in recent years, with little difference from the original story in the film so as not to smell too much violence and sexuality especially if they are read by children. [78]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Characters Both the novel and film versions of the James Bond series have multiple helpers (allies) and enemies (villains). [79]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Other employees who often helped Bond in the MI6 organization, known only by letter designations, are escorted M and Q. In the novel version, Bond has two secretaries, Loelia Ponsonby and Mary Goodnight, where in the film version, both are united into M's secretary, Miss Moneypenny.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Sometimes Bond also handles a case with his good friend, CIA agent, Felix Leiter.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Both in the film version and the novel version, there are several additional characters.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Some of them we still remember well, including Bill Tanner, Rene Mathis, Jack Wade, Jaws and most recently Charles Robinson.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

J.W. Pepper is also currently included into additional characters. [80]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Vehicles and goods Various espionage equipment and exotic vehicles are an integral part of James Bond literature both in the novel version and in the film version.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The two then became the dream of most of the world community, who were eager to try the technological greatness of James Bond.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Those high-tech items are one part of James Bond's essential element in accomplishing his mission.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Advanced goods In Ian Fleming's version of the novel and some films, the minimal sophisticated item always carried by James Bond is a suitcase that can blow itself up if Bond asks. [81]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In Dr.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

No, the advanced items Bond had were a Geiger counter and a watch (see section below) with radar for radioactive controllers. [82]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The items later appeared again in the 1964 film, Goldfinger. [83]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

All advanced goods owned by James Bond are supplied exclusively from the Q Technology Shop which is also part of the MI6 organisation.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In each movie, we will find a typical word from Q, which is: “It's good that every time you put on my created item, you should return it well 007!”


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In reality, every item Bond wears from Q is always destroyed in missions.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In the opinion of film critics, some Bond films sometimes oversupply sophisticated objects that are often considered too ridiculous, [84] including the 1979 film Moonraker and the 2002 film Die Another Day. [85]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Car In each of his missions, James Bond is always accompanied by several high-end cars or including luxury class, including: Aston Martin DB5, V8 Vantage (1980s era) [86], V12 Vanquish [86] and DBS V12 (2000s era) [87]; Lotus Esprit; BMW Z3, BMW 750il and BMW Z8.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

James Bond's most famous car is the silver grey Aston Martin DB5 car first seen in Goldfinger, subsequently it appears in Thunderball, GoldenEye, Tomorrow Never Dies, Casino Royale, Skyfall and Spectre. [88]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In all that film, it used several variations of the Aston Martin DB5, both for filming and for promos.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

One such DB5 car was later sold in an auction in Arizona in January 2006 for about $2,090,000.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The car now belongs to a collector whose name does not want to be mentioned of European origin.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The original said car when it was new in the 1970s cost about £5,000. [89]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In the novel by Ian Fleming, James Bond wears a Bentley-made “battleship gray” car [90], then John Gardner gives agent 007 a modified Saab 900 Turbo car and then a Bentley Mulsanne Turbo car. [91]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Watches In the James Bond films, Bond is in constant contact or has connections with some brand of watches, usually those watches have high-tech features that we cannot buy in bulk.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The Rolex Submariner model is one of them, where this clock was used by Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, and Timothy Dalton when they became James Bond. [92]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Roger Moore later managed to acquire other brand watches from Pulsar and Seiko. [93]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Since the Pierce Brosnan era later continued by Daniel Craig, James Bond now wears Omega Seamaster brand watches. [93]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

All watch manufacturers have certainly secured an exclusive contract to supply only a certain type of clock to the actor upon approval by EON Productions. [93]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Weapon The first weapon Bond wields in the early part of the film Dr.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The No was an Italian-made pistol, the Beretta 418 caliber .25, [94] which was later replaced by the German-made pistol Walther KDP, [95] sleeve size 7.65mm (clearly mentioned by Valentin Zukovsky in GoldenEye; this type of KDP can only be found in the US and Western Europe with a size of. 380ACP).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The KDP pistol then became the official gun for James Bond until the final part of Tomorrow Never Dies, when Bond replaced it with a Walther P99.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

He then used the P99 pistol in Tomorrow Never Dies, The World Is Not Enough, Die Another Day, and Casino Royale. [96]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Later in Quantum of Solace, which is a sequel to Casino Royale, Bond decides to return to using the KDP.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Other Comparisons with other James Bond franchises, like most other media franchise series, is one of the fictional icons of the modern era that began since the end of World War II.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Together with Harry Potter (the work of J. K. Rowling), James Bond is currently one of Britain's representatives in the fictional world, amid the tight competition of the world of science fiction and non-science stories between the United States and Japan.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In the world, the James Bond franchise is currently ranked two below Harry Potter (James Bond is still in first place if inflation is included) but above Star Wars, Spider-Man and Transformers (if inflation calculations are not included).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

While if counted from the storyline, James Bond also takes first place above Transformers (Hasbro's masterpiece) and franchises from Marvel Comics (such as Spider-Man or Superman) whose path and storyline are always updated every year.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

James Bond's cultural concussions have had a major influence on other franchise media, and often also appear as parodies in other media.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

For example the series The Austin Powers by writer, comedian, and producer Mike Myers, and some parodies such as Johnny English (2003), Bons baisers de Hong Kong, OK Connery, the series “Our Man Flint” starring James Coburn as Derek Flint, the film series “Matt Helm” starring Dean Martin, and Casino Royale (1967) is proof that James Bond is very influential in the media of the franchise. [97]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

James Bond imitations have also appeared in diverse media.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

A 1960s TV series very similar to James Bond among others<i data-parsoid='{"dsr":[58959,58968,2,2]}'>I Spy, Get Smart, Charles Vine, Matt Helm and The Man from U.N.C.L.E. could grow successfully with this unofficial help from Ian Flemin's James Bond character.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The series “Napoleon Solo” for example, purportedly inspired from Goldfinger's novels; Fleming also suggested the character name April Dancer, which was later used in the series The Girl from U.N.C.L.E.. [98]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

A television film titled The Return of the Man from U.N.C.L.E. (1983), also included a cameo by George Lazenby as James Bond in memory of Ian Fleming (on grounds of legality, a character in the film notated his name as “JB”).


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

George Lucas mentioned that Sean Connery's performance as James Bond gave him the inspiration to create the character of Indiana Jones, even Connery also got an offer to play the role of Indiana's father in the third film of the Indiana Jones media franchise. [99] [100] Jenson Button's success was able to win many races with the Brawn GP team in the 2009 racing season, the British mass media also gave a new nickname to the driver from Frome, Somerset.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

The media then dubbed Jenson Button as James Bond in the F1 arena.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Even Jenson Button's initials, namely “JB” were conclusively plastered to be the same meaning as the initials of James Bond which is also “JB”.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In 2012, James Bond became the central character of Great Britain's representation in the opening events of the London 2012 Olympics.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

In the show, Daniel Craig as the cast of James Bond walked with Queen Elizabeth II to officially open the Olympics by plunging from a helicopter. [101]


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

Gallery of official James Bond actors Sean Connery 1962-1967; 1971 George Lazenby 1969 Roger Moore 1973-1985 Timothy Dalton 1987-1989 Pierce Brosnan 1995-2002 Daniel Craig 2006-present See also James Bond (character) EON Productions List of helper characters James Bond Music James Bond Girls Footnote Outlink Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond


Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: Who is the villain figure in Harry Potter?

James Bond

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Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Deoxyribonucleic acid, better known by the abbreviation DNA (English: deoxyribonucleic acid), is a type of biomolecule that stores and encodes the genetic instructions of each organism and many types of viruses.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

These genetics instructions play an important role in the growth, development, and function of organisms and viruses.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA is a nucleic acid; along with proteins and carbohydrates, nucleic acids are essential macromolecules for all known living things.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Most DNA molecules consist of two unting biopolymers that intertwine with each other forming a double helix.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

These two DNA edits are known as polynucleotides because they are composed of units of molecules called nucleotides.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Each nucleotide consists of one type of nitrogen base (guanina (G), adenina (A), thymina (T), or cytosine (C)), a monosaccharide sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

These nucleotides are then connected in one covalent bond chain between the sugars of one nucleotide with the phosphate of the other nucleotide.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The result is a chain of criss-crossed sugar-phosphate ridges.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

According to the rules of base pairing (A with T and C with G), hydrogen bonds binding the bases of both unting polynucleotides forming a double editing DNA Two DNA editing is anti-parallel, meaning that the two pair oppositely.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In each sugar group, it is bound to one of four types of nucleobases.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

These sequences of four nucleobases along the DNA ridge chain are what store the biological information code.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Through a biochemical process called transcription, DNA editing is used as a template to create RNA unting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This RNA unting is then transmitted to determine the amino acid sequence of the protein being constructed.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The existing chemical structure of DNA makes it perfectly suited for storing the biological information of every living thing.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The DNA ridge chain is resistant to chemical cleavage, and both unting in the DNA double unting structure store the same biological information.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Therefore, this biological information will be replicated when two DNA unting are separated.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Most DNA (more than 98% in humans) is non-coded, meaning this part does not function to encode proteins.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In cells, DNA is composed in chromosomes.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

During cell division, these chromosomes are duplicated in a process called DNA replication.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) store most of their DNA in the cell nucleus and the remaining fraction in organelles such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. [1]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Instead prokaryotic organisms (bacteria and arkaea) store its DNA only in the cytoplasm.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones play a role in the preparation of DNA into compact structures.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

It is this compact structure that then interacts between DNA and other proteins, thus helping control which parts of DNA can be transcribed.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Scientists use DNA as a molecular tool to reveal the theories and laws of physics, such as the ergodic theorem and elasticity theory.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The distinctive properties of DNA matter make it particularly interesting to research for scientists and engineers working in the fields of microfabrication and nanofabrication of materials.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Some advances in this material field for example DNA origami and DNA-based hybrid materials. [2]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The properties of DNA DNA is a polymer consisting of repeating units called nucleotides. [3] [4] [5] Each nucleotide consists of three main components, namely phosphate groups, deoxyribose sugars, and nitrogen bases (nucleobases) [6].


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

On DNA, the nucleobases found are Adenina (A), Guanina (G), Cytosina (C) and Timina (T).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Nucleobases connected to a sugar group are referred to as nucleosides, and nucleosides connected to one or more phosphate groups are referred to as nucleotides.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Polymers consisting of nucleotides connected to each other into a single chain are referred to as polynucleotides. [7]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

So that DNA is also included into polynucleotides.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The DNA unting back chain consists of criss-crossed phosphate and sugar clusters. [8]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The sugar on DNA is a pentose sugar (carbonaceous five), which is 2-deoxyribose.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Two sugar groups connect with phosphate via a phosphodiester bond between the third carbon atom on the ring of one sugar and the fifth carbon atom on the other sugar.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

These unsymmetrical bonds make DNA have a certain direction or orientation.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In double helical structures, the orientation of the nucleotide chain at one unting is opposite to the orientation of the other unting nucleotide.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This is referred to as antiparallel.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The two asymmetric ends of DNA are referred to as 5' (five primes) and 3' (three primes).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The 5' end has a terminus phosphate group, while the 3' end has a terminus hydroxy group.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

One of the main differences in DNA and RNA is the constituent sugar, the 2-deoxyribose sugar in DNA is replaced by ribose sugar in RNA. [9]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In living organisms, DNA is usually found in paired and strongly bound form. [9] [10] Two DNA editing intertwined form a double helix.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This double helix is stabilized by two main forces: hydrogen bonding between nucleotides and stack interactions between aromatic nucleobases. [11]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In an aqueous cell environment, nucleotide inter-base conjugate π bonds are arranged perpendicular to the DNA pilinan axis.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This minimizes the interaction with the solvation shell, and thus lowers the Gibbs free energy.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The DNA structure of all types of species consists of two twisted helical chains with a distance between helical turns of 34Å (3.4nanometers) and radii 10Å (1.0nanometers). [12]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

According to other studies, when measured using a specific solution, the DNA chain has a width of 22-26Å (2.2-2.6nanometers) while a unit nucleotide has a length of 33Å (0.33nm). [13]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Although these units of nucleotides are very small, DNA polymers can have millions of nucleotides strung like chains.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

For example, chromosome 1 which is the largest chromosome in humans contains about 220 million base pairs. [14]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA nucleobases are classified into two types: purines (A and G) in the form of fusion of five-membered heterolingkar compounds with six-membered heterolingkar compounds, and pyrimidines (C and T) in the form of six-membered rings. [9]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The other pirimidina, uracil (U), usually replaces the thymina on DNA.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The difference of uracil with thymina lies in the absence of a methyl group on the uracil ring.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In addition to the five nucleobases, there are also a large number of artificial nucleic acid analogues that have been synthesized to examine the properties of nucleic acids and are used in biotechnology. [15]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Uracil is not usually found in DNA (it is found in cells only as a product of cytosine description).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

But in a number of bacteriophages— bacteriophages PBS1 and PBS2 Bacillus subtilis and bacteriophages PyR1-37 Yersinia— the timina has been replaced by uracil. [16]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Another phage - Staphylococcus S6 phage - has also been identified to have uracil in its genome. [17]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Base J (beta-d-glucopiranosiloksimethyluracil) which is a modified form of uracil can also be found in a number of organisms: Diplonema and Euglena flagellates, and the whole organism of the kinetoplastid clan [18] Biosynthesis of J bases occurs in two stages: in the first stage, thymina bases specific on DNA is converted to hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine (HomeDU); in the second stage HomeDU is diglicosylated to base J. [19] These J-basin-binding proteins have also been successfully identified. [20] [21] [22] These proteins appear to be distant relatives of the Tet1 oncogene that involved in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leuchemia. [23]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The J base appears to work as a termination signal for RNA polymerase II. [24] [25] DNA grooves In the structure of the DNA double helix, there is a DNA inter-editing space that also takes the form of a helical groove.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This empty space is adjacent to the base pair and is a potential bonding footprint.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Because the two DNA editing is not symmetrically positioned with each other, the resulting groove is also not the same size.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

One groove called a major groove, has a width of 22Å, while the other groove called the minor groove, has a width of 12Å. [26]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The width of the major groove means that the edges of nucleotide bases can be more easily accessed through the major groove than through the minor groove.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

As a result, proteins such as transcription factors that bind to specific base sequences usually make contact with the base through a major groove. [27]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This situation may vary in the unusual conformation of DNA in the cell, although major and minor grooves are always named so to reflect the difference in size seen when DNA is reversed into a prevalent shape B. Base installation in the DNA double helix, each type of nucleobases on the double helix of DNA, each type of nucleobases in one DNA unting binds to only one type of nucleobases from another DNA unting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This is referred to as complementary base fitting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Purina will form hydrogen bonds with pyrimidine; adenina binds to timina in two hydrogen bonds, and cytosine binds to guanina in three hydrogen bonds.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This arrangement of two nucleotides is referred to as one base pair.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Since hydrogen bonds are not covalent, it can be disconnected and re-merged relatively easily.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Both editing DNA in the double helix can therefore be pulled open like a zipper, either through mechanical force or high temperature. [28]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Because these base pairs are complementary, all information on the double editing sequence of DNA helices is duplicated in each unting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This is very important in DNA replication.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Reversible and specific interactions between complementary base pairs are highly critical of the overall function of DNA in living things. [4]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The two types of base pairs have different amounts of hydrogen bonds.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The AT pair has two hydrogen bonds, while the GC pair has three hydrogen bonds.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA containing high GC base pairs is more stable than low-GC base paired DNA.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

As mentioned above, most DNA molecules are found in a double unting state that binds non-covalently and helically.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This double unting structure (dsDNA, double-stranded DNA) is primarily stabilized by intra-unting base stack interactions.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The strongest interaction is in the G stack with C. Both unting can be separated into two single DNA unting molecules (ssDNA, single-stranded DNA) through a process called DNA melting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Melting occurs at high temperatures, reandah salt levels, and high pH values (DNA also melts at low pH values, but because DNA is unstable due to acid depurination, low pH melting is rarely used).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The stability of dsDNA depends not only on the GC content (% of G, C base pairs) of DNA, but also depends on the sequence of bases (base stacks) and the length of those DNA molecules (longer molecules are more stable).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Therefore, the bond strength between two DNA editing is determined by the percentage of GC base pairs and the overall length of the DNA double helix.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Long DNA helices with high GC content have stronger inter-editing interactions; conversely short DNA helices with high AT content have weaker inter-editing interactions. [29]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In biological processes, double helical parts of DNA that need to be separated easily such as Pribnow TATAAT boxes in some promoters tend to have high AT content. [30]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA stability can be measured through various means; generally DNA stability is measured based on the melting temperature of DNA (also called Tm value), which is the temperature at which 50% of double editing DNA molecules melt into a single DNA unting molecule.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This melting temperature depends on ionic strength and DNA concentration.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

When the entire base pair in the DNA double helix is melted, the two DNA unting will separate as two independent molecules.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

These DNA singular edits do not have the same singular form, although some conformations are more stable than other conformations. [31]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Sense and antisense A sequence of DNA sequences is referred to as “sense” when its DNA base sequence is the same as the sequence of coffee RNA ambassadors transmitted into proteins. [32]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The sequence on its complementary unting is referred to as the “antisense” sequence.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Both sense and antisense sequences can be found on different parts of the same DNA editing (both DNA editing can contain both sense and antisense sequences).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes, antisense RNA sequences are also produced, but the function of this antisense RNA is not clearly known. [33]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Antisense posed RNA is involved in the regulation of gene expression through the installation of RNA-RNA bases. [34]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In a small percentage of DNA sequences of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and most plasmid and viral DNA sequences, the distinction between editing sense and antisense is blurred due to the occurrence of overlapping genes. [35]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In this case, some DNA sequences have a double task, namely encoding the first protein when read through one unting, and encoding the second protein when read in the opposite direction through its complementary unting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In bacteria, this overlapping gene is likely involved in the regulation of gene transcription. [36] While in viruses, these overlapping genes increase the amount of information that can be encoded in a small viral genome. [37]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The twisting of DNA coils (Supercoiling) can be twisted into rope-like through a process called DNA coil twisting.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Under “relaxation” conditions, DNA unting will typically circle the axis of the double helix every 10.4 base pairs.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

But if the DNA is twisted, the edits can be rolled into tighter or rolled into looser. [38]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

If DNA is twisted in the direction of the helical spin, the bases in the DNA editing will be bound more tightly.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

It is called positive coil winding.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Conversely if DNA is twisted opposite the helical spin, the bases in the DNA editing will come off more easily.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

It is called negative coil winding.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Naturally, most DNA has a form of negative coil twisting caused by the enzyme topoisomerase. [39]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This enzyme is also required to release the twisting stress experienced by DNA during transcription and replication processes. [40]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Alternative structures of DNA There are many possible DNA conformations that we can find, among them A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA, although only B-DNA and Z-DNA have been directly observed in functional organisms. [8]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The conformations adopted by DNA depend on the level of DNA hydration, the DNA sequence, the degree and direction of DNA coil piling, chemical modification of the DNA base, the type and concentration of metal ions, and the presence of polyamines in solution. [41]


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The biological function of Replication Replication is the process of DNA multiplication.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This replication process is necessary when cells will divide themselves.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In every cell, except gamete cells, self-division must be accompanied by DNA replication so that all derived cells have the same genetic information.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Essentially, the replication process takes advantage of the fact that DNA consists of two chains and a chain of which one constitutes the “conjugate” of its partner chain.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In other words, by knowing the arrangement of one chain, then the arrangement of the pair chain can be easily formed.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

There are several theories that attempt to explain how this process of DNA replication occurs.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

One of the most popular theories states that in each of these new DNA obtained at the end of the replication process; one single chain represents the DNA chain of the previous DNA chain, while the pair chain is a newly synthesized chain.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A single chain obtained from such previous DNA acts as a “mold” to create its partner chain.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The replication process requires a protein or auxiliary enzyme; one of the most important is known as DNA polymerase, which is a new DNA chain forming auxiliary enzyme that is a polymer.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The replication process begins with the opening of double strands of DNA at certain points along the DNA chain.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The process of opening the DNA chain is assisted by a helicase enzyme that recognizes the points, and the enzyme girase that is able to open the pillars of the DNA chain.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Once enough space is formed as a result of the opening of these double strands, DNA polymerase enters and binds itself to both already locally open DNA chains.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The process of opening such double chains takes place accompanied by a shift in DNA polymerase following the direction of opening it double chain.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA monomers are added on both sides of the chain that open whenever the DNA polymerase shifts.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This continues until the whole chain has completely separated.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

This process of DNA replication is a complicated but meticulous process.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

The process of synthesis of new DNA chains has a mechanism that prevents the occurrence of monomer entry errors that can be fatal.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

It is because of this mechanism that the probability of synthesis errors is very small.


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Use of DNA in DNA technology in forensics Forensic scientists can use DNA located in blood, sperm, skin, saliva or hair left at the scene of a crime to identify possible suspects, a process called genetics fingerprinting or DNA programming (DNA profiling).


Question: What is the main function of deoxyribonucleic acid?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

In DNA programming the relative lengths of repeated parts of DNA such as short tandem repeats and minisatelites, are compared.