Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Contaminated cabbage has been linked to cases of illness due to food in humans.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The taxonomy and etymology of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea or B.oleracea var. capitata, [1] var. tuba, var. sabauda [2] or var. acephala) [3] is a member of the genus Brassica and the mustard family, Brassicaceae.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Several other cruciferous vegetables (sometimes known as cole plants [4]) are considered cultivars of B.oleracea, including broccoli, collard greens, brussel sprouts, kohlrabi and sprouting broccoli.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

All this is developed from wild cabbage B.Oleracea var. oleracea, also called colewort or field cabbage.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

This native species evolved over thousands of years to become the one seen today, as selection resulted in cultivars having different characteristics, such as large heads for cabbage, large leaves for kale and thick stems with broccoli flower buds. [1] [4] The epithetes of the capitata variety are derived from Latin word for “having a head”. [5]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

b. OleraCea and its derivatives have hundreds of common names around the world. [6]”


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage” was originally used to refer to various forms of B.oleracea, including loose-headed or no-head ones. [7]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

A related species, Brassica rapa, is commonly named Chinese cabbage, napa cabbage or celery cabbage, and has many uses in common. [8]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

It is also part of the common names for several unrelated species.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

These include the bark of cabbage or cabbage tree (a member of the genus Andira) and cabbage palm, which includes several genera of palm trees such as Mauritia, Roystonea oleracea, Acrocomia and Euterpe oenocarpus. [9] [10] The original family name of the brassica is Cruciferae, which is derived from the petal pattern of the flower was considered by medieval Europeans to resemble a cross. [11]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The word brassica comes from bresic, the Keltic word for cabbage. [7]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Many European and Asian names for cabbage are derived from the Celto-Slavic root cap or hood, meaning “head”. [12]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The late Middle English word cabbage comes from the word caboche (“head”), from the Picardia dialect of Old French language.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

It is in turn a variant of the Old French caboce. [13]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

For centuries, “cabbage” and its derivatives have been used as slang for various goods, occupations and activities in the western country.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Banknotes and tobacco have both been synonymized with the slang “cabbage”, while “cabbage-head” means a fool and “cabbaged” means very exhausted or, in severe conditions, also means a vegetative state (coma). [14]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Description Cabbage seedlings have thin taproot and heart-shaped cotyledons.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The first leaves produced are ovoid with lobed petioles.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Plants are 40—60cm (16—24in) tall in their first year at the mature vegetative stage, and are 1.5—2.0m (4.9—6.6ft) tall when flowering in the second year. [15]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Heads average between 1 and 8 pounds (0.5 and 4kg), with fast-growing, early-ripening varieties producing smaller heads. [16]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Most cabbages have alternating thick leaves, with ledges that range from wavy or lobed to deeply truncated; some varieties have waxy blooms on the leaves.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Plants have a filamentous and shallow root system. [11]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

About 90 per cent of the root mass at the top 20—30cm (8—12in) from the soil; some lateral roots can penetrate to a depth of 2m (6.6ft). [15]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Its compound flowers are unbranched, indeterminate terminal bunches that are 50—100cm (20—40in) tall, [15] with flowers that are yellow or white.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Each flower has four flower corollas arranged in a perpendicular pattern, as well as four petals, six stamens, and a superior ovary that is two-celled and bears a single pistil head and pistil stalk.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Two of the six stamens have shorter filaments.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Fruit is a silique that opens at maturity through dehiscence to reveal brown or black seeds that are small and spherical in shape.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Self-pollination is impossible, and cabbage is cross-pollinated by insects. [11]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The early leaves form a rosette form consisting of 7 to 15 leaves, each measuring 25—35cm (10—14in) ditimes 20—30cm (8—12in); [15] after this, leaves with shorter petioles develop and heads form through inwardly entangled leaves. [2]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Many shapes, colors and textures of leaves can be found in various cultivated varieties of cabbage.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Leaf types are generally divided between savoy loose-headed wrinkled leaves and cabbage stubborn smooth leaves, while the color spectrum includes white and various greens and purples.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

There are round, round and pointed shapes. [17]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage has been artificially selected for head weight and morphological characteristics, hardness, rapid growth and storage ability.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The appearance of cabbage heads has been considered important in artificial selection, with varieties chosen for shape, color, hardness and other physical characteristics. [18]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Breeding goals now focus on increasing resistance to various insects and diseases and increasing the nutrient content of cabbage. [19]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Scientific research into genetic modification of B.Oleracea crops, including cabbage, includes European Union and United States explorations of greater insect and herbicide resistance.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Genetically modified B.Oleracea plants are not currently used in commercial agriculture. [20]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage Growth has the characteristic feature of forming crops.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Early growth is characterized by normal formation of leaves.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

But the more mature the leaves begin to curl upwards until they eventually grow very tightly.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

In this condition farmers usually close the crop with the leaves underneath so that the color of the crop becomes paler.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

If the crop size is sufficient then ready cabbage is ready to be harvested.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

In cultivation, cabbage is a commodity of annuals.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Biologically, this plant is dwiseason (biennial) and requires vernalization for flowering.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

If it does not get cold temperatures, this plant will continue to grow without flowering.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

After flowering, the plant dies.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Types of cabbage The common color of this vegetable is so pale green that it is called forma alba (“white”).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

But there is also cabbage with green color (forma viridis) and reddish purple (forma rubra).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

From the shape of the chrops are known there are two kinds of cabbage: round cabbage and cabbage sprawl (round slightly flattened).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage commodity trade in Indonesia distinguishes these two forms.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

There is a rather typical type of cabbage, known as the Sabauda Group, which in the trade is known as Savoy cabbage.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

This group may also be included in Capitata.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cultivation In general, cabbage will grow well when it is immortalised in the highlands with an altitude of between 1000-3000 mdpl.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Therefore, Malang, Karo, and Wonosobo are among the areas that are planted with cabbage. [21]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage loves soil that nests and does not cheek.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Despite its relative resistance to high temperatures, cabbage products are grown in mountainous areas (400m and above) in tropic areas.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

In the lowlands, crop sizes shrink and plants are particularly susceptible to Plutella leaf-eating caterpillars.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The method of planting is sowing after growing 3-4 true leaves and then planted (used as seedlings first).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

In addition, there is also a method of cutting-stem shoots — which can be done on local cabbage, similar to argalingga and wonosobo.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The difference is small, if the seeds that want to be planted on the land must be sown first, then shoots can be planted directly on the land that has been provided. [21]


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Because the appearance of cabbage determines the selling price, often found farmers (Indonesia) do spraying crops with excessive quantities of insecticides so that cabbage does not hole as a result of being eaten by caterpillars.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Consumers need to pay attention to this and it is advisable to always wash the newly purchased cabbage.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Nutritional content and benefits Fresh cabbage contains many vitamins (A, some B, C, and E).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The content of Vitamin C is high enough to prevent suspension (acute thrush).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

The minerals widely conceived are potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and iron.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Fresh cabbage also contains a number of compounds that stimulate the formation of glutation, substances necessary to inactivate toxic substances in the human body.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

As with other cabbage tribes, cabbage contains a number of compounds that can stimulate gas formation in the stomach, causing bloating (goiterogenous substances).


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage leaves also contain glucosinolate groups that cause a slightly bitter taste.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage Processing can be eaten fresh as peppery or processed.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

As a lalapan, cabbage equipped with ordinary chili sauce meyertai fried or grilled menu such as chicken or catfish.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Cabbage is processed to make scrambled or capcay.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Boiled cabbage leaves become soft, thin and transparent.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

This boiling can be summed in various soups and vegetables.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

In Korea cabbage became the main component of the nation's signature cuisine: kimchi.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Germany is famous for sauerkraut, cabbage cut into small pieces and preserved in vinegar.


Question: How many types of Cabbage are there?

Cabbage

Reference Works cited CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: editors list (link) Outside Category:Vegetables Category:Brassicaceae


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Main Page Harian Kompas is the name of an Indonesian newspaper headquartered in Jakarta.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Newspaper is published by PT Kompas Media Nusantara which is part of Kompas Gramedia (KG).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas is also published in online form at Kompas.com address managed by PT Kompas Cyber Media.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas.com contains actual updated news and also has a subchannel of Kompas newspaper in digital form.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Daily Kompas is one of two (2) newspapers in Indonesia audited by the Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC). [2] [3] History of JMPL|Founder of Kompas, Peter Kantius Ojong (1920-1980) (left) and Jakob Oetama (right) The initial idea of publishing this daily came from General Ahmad Yani, who expressed his desire to Frans Xaverius Seda (Minister of Plantations in the Soekarno cabinet) to publish a balanced, credible, and independent newspaper.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Frans then put that wish to two of his good friends, Peter Kantius Ojong (Chinese: Auwjong Peng Koen) (1920—1980), an editor-in-chief of the weekly Star Weekly, and Jakob Oetama, a reporter for the Catholic church's weekly Sowers, who at that time was already managing Intisari magazine when PT Kinta will go into bankruptcy published in 1963.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Ojong immediately approved the idea and made Jakob Oetama his first editor-in-chief.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 1964, President Soekarno urged the Catholic Party to establish a print media in the form of a newspaper, so it was from this Intisari monthly journalists that some Catholic journalists were recruited.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Furthermore, some of the Catholic figures held a meeting together with several representatives of hierarchical elements of the Grand Assembly of Guardians of the Church of Indonesia (MAWI): the Catholic Party, the Association of Catholic Students of the Republic of Indonesia (PMKRI), Catholic Youth and Catholic Women.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

They agreed to establish “Yayasan Bentara Rakyat”.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The first managing arrangement of the Bentara Rakyat Foundation was Ignatius Joseph Kasimo (chairman of the Catholic Party) as chairman, Frans Seda as vice-chairman, Franciscus Conradus Palaoensoeka as first writer, Jakob Oetama as second writer, and P. K. Ojong as treasurer.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

From the foundation, this daily began to be published.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The premiere edition of the daily includes translations about silver screen star Marilyn Monroe, the experience of Nugroho Notosusanto, a historical expert from the University of Indonesia, to London, United Kingdom, and the story of Usmar Ismail, a famous film director, when he first made the film.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At the beginning of its publication, Frans Seda was advised by General Ahmad Yani that Kompas provide a discourse to match the evolving discourse of the Indonesian Communist Party at the time.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

But privately, Jacob Oetama and some Catholic religious leaders such as Monsignor Albertus Soegijapranata and I. J. Kasimo did not want to take it for granted, because given the contextual politics, economy and infrastructure at the time were not supportive.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

However, the determination of the Catholic Party to publish a newspaper is final.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

P. K. Ojong and Jakob Oetama were tasked with building the company.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Start them working preparing for publishing a new newspaper, the mouthpiece of the Catholic Party.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

But, the heated political temperature of the time made their job not an easy litigant.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In plan, this newspaper was named “Bentara Rakyat”.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

According to Frans Seda, PKI knew the plan was then blocked.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

However, because Bung Karno agreed the way continued until his permission came out.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Frans Seda refers to the PKI which was one of the major parties in Indonesia in the decades of the 1950s and 1960s, and the PKI won fourth place in the 1955 general election.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Permission is already owned, but “Bentara Rakyat” did not go out.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Apparently the hurdles haven't all passed.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

There is still one obstacle that must be passed, namely the permission of the Military Commander of Jakarta which at that time was held by Lieutenant Colonel Dachja.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

From the Jakarta military headquarters, an answer to the exit operation permit if the requirement of 5,000 customer signatures is met.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Eventually, the journalists went to the island of Flores for the autograph, as indeed the majority of Flores residents were Catholic.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The name “Bentara” corresponds to the taste of the Flores.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Bentara magazine, he says, is also very popular there.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

When going ahead of the release of the petama time, Frans Seda reported to the president Soekarno about the preparation of the inaugural release of the daily.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

However, from President Soekarno was born the name “Kompas” which means is a direction pointer.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Finally based on the editorial agreement at the time, to accept the proposal from President Soekarno to change the daily name of Bentara Rakyat to Kompas.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On the proposal of President Soekarno, the name was changed to Kompas.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

According to Bung Karno, “Kompas” means the giver of directions and paths in wading through the ocean and jungle forests. [4]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

After collecting evidence of 3000 prospective customers as a condition of issuance permit, finally Compass first published on June 28, 1965. [5]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At first the editorial office of Kompas still hitchhiked at Jakob Oetama's house, then moved to hitchhike in the editorial office of Intisari Magazine.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In its inaugural release, Compass was only published with four (4) pages with advertisements that only amounted to six (6) pieces. [6]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Furthermore, in the early days of its establishment (1965) Kompas Newspaper was published as a weekly newspaper with 8 pages, then published 4 times a week, and in just 2 years has grown into a national daily newspaper with oplah reaching 30,650 copies. [7]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The first edition of Kompas was printed by P. N. Eka Grafika, belonging to the Abadi daily affiliated to the Indonesian Muslim Syuro Assembly Party (Masyumi).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Exactly June 28, 1965, Compass began to be published for the first time with the motto “The Mandate of the Conscience of the People.”


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The headline on the first page is titled “Asia-Africa Conference II Postponed Four Months.”


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

While the bottom right corner begins to introduce yourself with the phrase “Let's tie your heart.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Starting today, with Mang Nosy”.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On the first page of the top left corner, it says the staff names: Editor-in-Chief Jakob Oetama; Staff Editors J. Adisubrata, Lie Hwat Nio, Marcel Beding, Th. Susilastuti, Tan Soei Sing, J. Lambangdjaja, Tan Tik Hong, Th. Ponis Purba, Tinon Prabawa, and Eduard Liem.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

According to Jakob Oetama, the name was P. K. Ojong when it was political taboo.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

After all, Ojong's figure was not liked by Soekarno.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In the political contextual at that time the profit could not be achieved, unfortunate could not be denied.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In the morning of 30 September 1965, exactly three months of age Kompas, most of the people of Jakarta were asleep in their island sleep, when a group of armed soldiers arrested several generals accused of involvement in the General Council.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

These events changed the course of the republic.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

History records as an attempt at power struggle against Soekarno government.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Like several daily published together with Compass, they were not in spite of efforts to provide a counterpoint to the press affiliated with leftist ideologies such as the PKI, and the daily accused of not being revolutionary.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The day after the event, Agus Parengkuan and Ponis Purba who got a night duty turn, told the printing party that Compass along with other papers should not be published.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Only Armed Forces daily, Yudha News, Antara news agency, and Armed Forces News are allowed to broadcast news.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The prohibition not to board the print was issued by the Jakarta military.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In the writ it is mentioned “in order to secure the preaching of the betrayal by the so-called Command of the 30 September Movement or the Revolutionary Council, it is necessary to have acts of mastery against the media of the news.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At that time, Agus Parengkuan and Ponis Purba remain convinced Kompas do not need to be banned from publishing.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The reason was that Compass had already denounced the rebellion, and in the lay out was prepared that the edition of Compass 2 October also contained a statement of attitude from the Chief of Naval Staff Admiral RE Martadinata.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The attack on PKI apparently did not save Compass.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The newspaper was only allowed to be published again on October 6, 1965.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The span of a week has, until now been a mystery that has not been revealed.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

A lot of assumptions, questions, and analyses were impaired.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Why is the entire newspaper bredel and leave only the military-owned newspaper?


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The growth of Compass increased.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

When first printed, the Compass oplah was about 4,800 copies.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

When moving to a better printing, Period Merdeka Printing, the tyrate increased to 8,003 copies, until before the bredelling done during the reign of Soeharto.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

When reissued on 6 October 1965, the Compass tiras broke through the number 23,268 copies.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The times are changing.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Soekarno replaced General Soeharto.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 1999, a year after Soeharto was forced to withdraw, the Compass tiras reached more than 600 thousand copies per day.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Research conducted by research institute AC Nielsen in 1999 showed the largest market is still around Jakarta 46.77%, Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi 13.02%, West Java 13.02%, Central Java, Yogyakarta 6.67%, East Java 2.04%, Sumatra 8.81%, Kalimantan 2.16%, and East Indonesia 4.23%.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Gramedia as a parent company Kompas was noted as a persuahaan who paid the largest tax number 32 in 1980 during the year in 1993 for the company PT Kompas Media Nusantara alone estimated to generate Rp 240 billion a year with a net profit of Rp 30 to 35 trillion.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 1991 PT Gramedia with the publication of its book ranked the 151st place.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Along with its growth, like most other newspapers, the Compass daily is currently divided into three sections, namely the front section containing national and international news, business and financial news section, sports news section and classified ads called with” Klasika”.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Daily is published by PT Kompas Media Nusantara.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Oplah and Kompas Reader began publication on June 28, 1965 based in Central Jakarta with a tiras of 4,800 copies.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Since 1969, Compass grossed newspaper sales nationwide.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 2004, his daily tiras reached 530,000 copies, specifically for its Sunday edition instead reaching 610,000 copies.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The newspaper's readership reached 2.25 million people across Indonesia.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Currently (2011), Daily Kompas Print (not digital version) has an average circulation of 500,000 copies per day, with an average number of readers reaching 1,850,000 people per day distributed throughout Indonesia. [8]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

With an average of 500 thousand copies daily and reaching 600 thousand copies for Sunday edition, Kompas is not only the newspaper with the largest oplah (circulation) in Indonesia, but also in Southeast Asia.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

To ensure accountability of the daily distribution of Kompas, Kompas Newspaper uses the services of ABC (Audit Bureau of Circulations) to conduct audits since 1976 [1] [9] Based on the results of the reader survey in 2008, the majority of Kompas Newspaper readers are from among (Strata Ekonomi and Social) middle to upper (SES AB) as reflected by educational background and financial condition. [10]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Bredelling and legal case lawsuit dated October 1, 1965, the first published ban, related to the G30S/PKI event.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On October 1, 1965 evening, the government banned a number of newspapers published in Jakarta to be published.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The ban was imposed only four days.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On 6 October 1965 the ban was lifted, Compass and a number of other newspapers resumed publication. [11]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On 21 January 1978, the second published ban, following the announcement of Soeharto's candidacy as president for the third time.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On January 21, 1978, following the announcement of Soeharto's candidacy as president for the third time and demos against rife corruption, seven daily (Kompas, Sinar Harapan, Merdeka, Pelita, The Indonesian Times, Sinar Pagi, and Pos Sore) were banned from publication by order of Sudomo. [12]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 2006, the termination of employment (layoff) of Bambang Gradudo and its cancellation (2008).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On 8 December 2006, Bambang Wisudo (journalist) received a letter of dismissal.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On December 12, 2008, about two (2) years afterward, a letter of revocation of Kompas layoff decision against Bambang Wisudo. [13]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 2010, Aburizal Bakrie reported a number of media outlets to the Police and the Press Council. A number of media outlets were reported to have reported Aburizal Bakrie meeting with tax mafia defendant Gayus Tambunan in Bali. [14] [15] [16] [17] dated January 11, 2011, a civil lawsuit by Raymond Teddy against a number of media outlets.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Raymond Teddy made a civil lawsuit against a number of media (Kompas, RCTI/Newspaper Sindo, Republika, Detikcom, Warta Kota, and Suara Renewal) for his mention as a bookie. [18]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Print Design, layout and size of JMPL|Compass Display and Rubrication After Redesign|KA Year 1965 - 2000, Black and White Era Prime Edition Compass until 2000 using black logo and font. [19]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 2005, Visual Thinking [20] When first published until June 27, 2005, Compass used a broadsheet size of 9 Columns and appeared in black and white.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On June 28, 2005 Compass made changes to the size of the paper used, becoming smaller or often also called young broadsheet 7 columns. [21]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Changes in paper size and fewer column counts have an impact also on the layout of editorial and advertising posts.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The most noticeable change is the alternation of color on the masthead that was originally black changed to blue.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On its front page there is also the use of navigation that helps readers to head to certain rubrics or news.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The use of colors other than black in the writing, title and naming rubric also became a very noticeable and pronounced change.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Reduction of writing space is inevitable, this is because the size of the Compass newspaper becomes smaller (not as wide as before).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Another change that was also very pronounced was that in the news, Kompas started using bylines and firewalls in its news writing as well as splitting classified ads into a special section called Klasika.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The use of bylines will make the news become more assured of its availability, this is because the name of the reporter or reporter who wrote the news is clearly stated, not just in the form of code as before.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The use of a firewall (parapet) will also provide a clear separator between journalistic writings coming from the reporter/reporter and advertising posts or images.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The ads are placed as well as information, grouped in the Classical section, the new name for Classified Add translation which is the first mode for newspapers in Indonesia but has been a long time for other newspapers abroad. [22]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

To group news as well as advertising, the new term upperdeck was introduced.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Upperdeck is a red text above the title of news and advertising in the classics section that serves as a keyword. [23]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

With regard to the daily changes of the Compass, there is a clear parapet between the top news and the bottom advertisements. [24]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In making changes, Compass made preparations for one year using the services of Garcia Media consultants headed by Mario Garcia from America. [25]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Garcia Media's team worked on this project together with the Compass team for more than 7 months. [22]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 2018, Redesigning in the Digital Era On January 3, 2018, coinciding with the issuance of the 17,731st edition, Daily Kompas again made design changes.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The new design was carried out entirely by the internal team of Daily Compass. [26]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

A novelty offered in the Compass redesign is a summary in a number of news stories to give readers a short reading time.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

There is also navigation on the balcony to clue readers about news on other pages that are seen as interesting and important.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Redesign Compass is meant to make Compass more readable, fresh look, but still credible and trustworthy.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

There is also an Archive rubric moved to page 15.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Archival rubrics taken from the Compass archive are reinterpreted and given the context of the present.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Printing and Distribution Printing At first daily Compass printed in the printing press PT Keng Po.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

As the development of oplah is increasing, and in order to guarantee Compass can be published in the morning, it is considered necessary to have its own printing business.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In 1971 the company established Gramedia Printing at Jalan Palmerah Selatan, which began operations in August 1972, and was inaugurated on 25 November 1972 by Ali Sadikin, as the then Governor of Jakarta.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In its development, in 1997 was built remote printing system as a breakthrough new printing technology to accelerate the distribution of KOMPAS daily newspapers in the region. [27]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Remote printing As a newspaper that positions itself as a national newspaper, Kompas uses remote printing facilities to produce daily newspapers and distribute from many locations.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At the beginning of its establishment, Kompas was only printed in Jakarta and daily delivered newspapers using various means of transportation (four-wheeled, two-wheeled, and plane) to various destinations in Indonesia.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Along with the demands of the early hours of arrival by readers and customers, Kompas is also in print in various regions other than Jakarta. 1997, Start printing in Bawen, Central Java. 1997, Start printing in Makassar 1999, Start printing in Rungkut, East Java. 2001, Start printing in Makassar 1999, Start printing in Rungkut, East Java. 2001, Start printing in Palembang 2002, Start printing in Banjarmasin 2003, Start printing at Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. 2006, Start printing in Rancaekek, Sumedang. 2009, Start printing in Gianyar, Bali.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Agency To distribute and sell Compass newspapers to consumers, Kompas uses an agency intermediary system that can be called newsagent.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Newsagents have a loper to deliver and charge newspaper bills to Compass customers. [28] [29] There are two models of Compass Agent Convensinal (selling other newspaper products as well) Agent Compass (selling only and distributing Compass products) under PT.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Jasatama Polamedia. [30]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At first, the circulation of Kompas conducted itself under the management of PT.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Media Archipelago.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Until January 1, 2009, Kompas circulation was under the auspices of PT.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Gramedia Compass Circulation (SKG).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This unit is the result of the merger of the entire media Circulation/Distribution Department at Kompas Gramedia. [31]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Digital KOMPAS ePaper KOMPAS ePaper is a Kompas digital newspaper in electronic form produced by PT Kompas Media Nusantara which is part of Kompas Gramedia Group.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The COMPASS ePaper was first launched on July 1, 2009.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

These innovations and initiatives have actually existed from 2008, but can only be accessed on that date after several improvements and prototype trials.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The content of this COMPASS ePaper is not the same as Kompas.com. If on Kompas.com, the information provided is different from the newsprint version of Kompas, then KOMPAS ePaper has the same content (news and advertising) as the newsprint version of Kompas.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The basic difference is only in the medium only, no longer using newsprint, but in digital form or often also referred to as epaper.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At the time of its launch, the COMPASS ePaper access is free of charge, but requires additional plugins namely Microsoft Silverlight and Adobe Flash that must first be installed on the web browser used.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Digital As of May 1, 2011, to access digital.kompas.com must make payments in advance, these paid subscription systems include COMPASS Print, COMPASS Reader and COMPASS ePaper. [32] [33] In addition to feature-rich and interactive versions of Microsoft Silverlight and Adobe Flash, COMPASS ePaper is also can be accessed more easily and quickly through a regular web browser without Microsoft Silverlight and Adobe Flash on condition that the Javascript feature in those browsers is installed and active.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

On February 1, 2017 [34], PT Kompas Media Nusantara launched a site with a subscription system with an address.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Scoop JMPL|Kiosk Compass Logo By Scoop|ka On March 15, 2013, Compass ePaper products became available and downloadable via the Scoop mobile app available on Android and iOS platforms.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Starting March 20, 2013, the daily digital version of Compass in Scoop will be charged a subscription fee of 29.99 US dollars for a 3-month plan, 59.99 US dollars for a 6-month plan, and 119.99 US dollars for a 1-year plan.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

To enjoy Compass epaper products in SCOOP on various platforms without making a repurchase, users must first create a SCOOP ID account.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The account is then used on various platforms. [35]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

KOMPAS Print KOMPAS Print is an electronic version of Kompas digital newspaper.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Access the Print Compass via Web browser does not require additional plugins.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The news here is exactly the same as the print version (non-electronic) but sometimes there is news that is not added here.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Advertisements on print (non-electronic) versions are also dispensed here.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Starting from July 1, 2010 the Daily Kompas print edition on Kompas.com was completely changed to Kompas Daily ePaper edition. [36]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

As of August 2010, Compass Print is back again with a new design.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

KOMPAS Editor's Choice iPad KOMPAS Editor's Choice for iPad is a new publication form (different from the newsprint version of Kompas) produced by PT Kompas Media Nusantara that can only be accessed through iPad devices (Apple).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The first app from Indonesia that can be downloaded from the AppStore can display high-resolution photos of events and videos that are optimized for iPad screens. [37]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Blackberry PlayBook Compass Editor's Choice for BlackBerry Playbook is a new publication similar to Compass Editor's Choice for iPad, the fundamental difference is that the app is specifically aimed at users of BlackBerry Playbook tablets that can be downloaded via BlackBerry AppWorld. [38]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This application was made available at the same time as the launch of Blackberry Playbook in Indonesia by RIM on July 7, 2011. [39]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Window Indonesia Window Indonesia (Window of Indonesia) is a publication on iPad devices aimed at showcasing Indonesian asses/natural resources and culture to the wider community including the international world.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The regularly published app every Saturday also displays additional information in the form of maps, hotel locations and various other information that shows the potential of a region.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The content shown also does not necessarily come from the printed version of the Compass Newspaper, 3D views and videos that are unlikely to be displayed on newsprint medium can be viewed in this application. [40]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Reader Compass Reader is an electronic version of the Compass digital newspaper.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

KOMPAS Reader is an application that can be installed on an operating system (Windows, macOS, and Linux). [41]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The application requires Adobe Air components to be downloaded, installed and run on any of the previously mentioned operating systems.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The application itself is free, so it is to be able to download and synchronize the content of the content in advance of making a payment (subscription).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The content view (news and advertising) in this app is the same as the version of Compass printed on newsprint.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Users of this app can also enjoy Compass content without having to always connect with the online environment.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This Compass Reader application was first developed by Dody Dharma, who was at the time a final student of Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB). [42] [43] QR Code (dakode) (QR Code) Ahead of the 44th anniversary, Kompas daily launched the use of QR code technology that will increased interaction between the daily Compass and its readers.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The daily was the first among national newspapers to use the QR code.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The QR code on the daily Compass serves as a “bridge” link between offline and online content for readers to interact with media via mobile phone. [44]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Reality Increased Kompas is the first newspaper in Indonesia to use augmented reality technology (Augmented reality, AR) on newsprint medium.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Reality is added to the Compass newspaper in the form of images that when captured by the camera on the computer will display additional information in the form of three-dimensional animation (3D) on the web browser. [45] [46] Compass Crossword Application (TTS Kompass) Every week, Compass newspaper displays Crossword Puzzles for its readers.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Since November 2010 [47], Compass Newspaper has also presented the Crossword application on Blackberry mobile devices.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The TTS Compass application on Blackberry devices was born from a KIAD competition attended by 186 participants.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The Daily Compass crossword puzzle application was developed to various other moving devices in, and.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

With the support of question management systems, question generators and fire systems, the Compass TTS application can finally maintain the same level of workmanship difficulty as the printed version. [48]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Gallery Kompas Digital Kompas Reader (Desktop) Kompas Mobile (Mobile) Compass Editor's Choice Playbook Compass Editor's Choice iPad QR Code Compass Visual Reality TTS Compass Blackberry Window Indonesia Content Content Content Compass Compass Complicated Story Of various features developed KOMPAS one of them is the story together that a little bit has made the community and raised the name of the author until it was made a novel and raised to the big screen such as: Hurricane Passi Passed (novel), Marga T, published June 5, 1972 - September 2, 1972 Musashi (novel), by Eiji Yoshikawa, published 1983 Karmila, by Marga T My Love in Campus Biru, by Ashadi Siregar Rara Mendut.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The story of Rara Mendut was written into a classic literary work by Y. B. Mangunwijaya (or “Romo Mangun”), a famous literary figure from Ambarawa, Central Java, Indonesia, into a trilogy novel first published from 1982 to 1987 in Kompas daily in story format concatenated.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The trilogy is titled, respectively, “Rara Mendut”, “Genduk Duku”, and “Lusi Lindri”.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Bobo In the beginning, Bobo Magazine was a children's page on the Compass Daily which was later published into a magazine.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Ball Tabloid Bola originally published as a daily insert of Compass on March 3, 1984, but four years later began to be published separately.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

JMPL Extra Compass Supplement|Front page KOMPAS Extra|ka Since February 2011, Daily Compass published a supplement under the name Compass Extra.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Extra tangible release whose paper size is smaller than the size of the newspaper Compass.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The delivery was used as one with the physical newspaper Compass.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This supplement is published once a month, exactly every Monday of the last week.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This supplement is published with thematic content.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Some of its content themes include 'Health', 'Education', 'Insurance' and others. [49]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Award and Record Colombia 2005, Three (3) MH Thamrin journalistic awards for general article, fire and photo categories. [50] 2006, Goldern Brand Award 2006 for newspaper category. [51] 2009, Compass Won Swara Sarasvati Award 2010 organized by Women's Coalition Indonesia. [52] 2009, Daily Kompas received two prizes from the Ministry of Environment, each category of Environmental Care Newspapers and Newspapers for Environmental Photo News. [53] 2009, Daily Kompas received an Award from the Constitutional Court (MK) because it is considered many helped socialize the functions and authority of the Court in its news. [54] 2009, Indonesia Best Brand Award 2009 Platinum for media category. [55] 2010, Kompas Break Relaxing Bicycle Record. [56] 2010, Best Brand Award 2010 for Newspaper category. [57] 2010, WAN-IFRA Best In Design (Gold) 2010 for The first page featuring a photo of Gus Dur. [58] 2010, Compass won three (3) awards.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Best in User Generated Content, Best in Cross Media Editorial Coverage and Best eReader-tablet. [59] [60] 2010, Agus Susanto, Kompas Photographer Won The Jakarta International Photo Summit 2010 Award. [61] 2011, Daily Kompas was selected as the most preferred newspaper for women. [62] 2011, Daily Kompas was selected as the most preferred newspaper for women. [62] 2011, Daily Kompas was selected as the best Indonesian language user print media national level. [63] 2011, Award from the world newspaper association (WAN IFRA) for public service in the category of World Young Reader Prize 2011. [64] 2011, Daily Kompas was selected as Indonesia's Most Favourite Netizen Brand 2011 for Newspaper category (Jakarta Region). [65] 2011, Kompas won (3) Asian awards. received Gold Award in Cross Media category, Silver Award for Best Newspapaer Website and eReader Playbook got Bronze Award for Best eReader category. [66] 2011, Kompas Achieved Anugerah Tirtoadisuryo 2011. [67] 2011, The most printed media award containing environmental issues period 2011. [68] 2012, Adam Malik Award (Award), for the best media and journalist category. [69] 2012, Adinegoro Prize for caricature journalistic work. [70] 2012, Two Gold in Indonesia Print Media Award 2012 and Indonesia Inhouse Magazine 2012. [71] [72] 2012, Bronze Award for activity” Volunter In Action” from the World Association of Newspapers, for the Community Services category [73] 2012, Gold Award (P.Raditya Mahendra Yasa), Silver (Agus Susanto) and Bronze (Yuniadhi the Great) of the World Newspaper Association, for the Sports Photography category [74] 2012, Two awards on the night” 38 Years Anugerah Journalistic M.H Thamrin - PWI Jaya” for the categories “Public Service Articles” and “Headers Plan" [75] 2012, Education Award at the peak of the National Education Day 2012 [76] 2012, Two compass journalists and one photographer were awarded in the Anugerah event Disaster Management Award (APBK) 2012 organized by the National Agency for Disaster Management. [77] 2012, Compass Journalist, Eny Prihtiyani won the third winner of Indonesian journalistic writing competition. [78] 2012, Fire Ring Expedition received gold and silver award from, [79] 2012, Daily Kompas won Transmigration Award [80] 2012, Daily Kompas received an award from the Indonesian Geologist Association (IAGI).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

During these two years, Kompas was considered the only consistent and comprehensive medium to socialize the geological conditions of Indonesia, through the Ring of Fire. [81] 2013, Daily Kompas won the Asian Media Award 2013.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas photographer, Agus Susanto won the bronze award for his photo 'Indonesia Lawan North Korea (SCTV Cup) '[82] 2013, Through the Kompas Archipelago Culinary Expedition project, Daily Kompas won the Digital Media Asia (DMA) 2013 award for tablet publishing category. [83] 2013, Daily Kompas won Roy Morgan Customer Satisfaction Awards 2013 for newspaper category. [84] 2014, PT Kompas Media Nusantara received Bronze Award at Asian Media Award 2014 in Hongkong for Photojournalism category with photo caption 'Jakarta Powerless'. [85]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Community Awards “Compass”.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

It is an activity carried out by Daily Kompas in supporting Indonesian literature through awards that have been ongoing since 1992.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Humanitarian Fund “Compass” (DKK).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

It is a fundraising activity for humanity whose annual assets are audited by the Public Accounting Firm of Leonard, Noble & Richard.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In distributing humanitarian aid, Compass never discriminates against the recipients of aid either in terms of ethnicity, religion, gender, or age/age.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In determining the needs and allocating funds, must go through the Board of Trustees of the DKK. [86]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Reader Forum mailing list (FPK mailing list).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This mailing list was formed by a Compass reader named Agus Hamonangan on July 30, 2004.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Apart from being a founder, Agus Hamonangan was also active as a moderator.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In addition to Compass readers, the mailing list is also subscribed by Kompas employees, especially the editorial section.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Because it is born from the community, the management is also done by the community voluntarily, the Compass does not manage directly. [87]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Community mailing list.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This mailing list is intended for Compass readers and customers who will provide criticism and advice for Editors, Circulations, Advertisements, or other products published by Compass.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This mailing list is directly managed by Compass. [88]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Reader Forum Panel Discussion (FPK) or also usually called Compass Audience Engagement (KAE).


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

It is an official activity organized by Compass involving customers and article authors. [89]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This activity has taken place from 22 June 2002 and currently (31 October 2011) has been carried out in ten (10) major cities in Indonesia.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

The cities where FPK activity are Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Jogjakarta, Surabaya, Medan, Palembang, Banjarmasin, Makassar [90] and Bali.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

At a more professional level, there is an Ombudsman.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

This community is aimed at criticizing and giving input to Compass news so that neutrality and balance are maintained.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Members of the Ombudsman consist of experts from various fields and professions who meet each month with the leaders and editors of Compass. [91]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Muda, is a community of readers of Compass Daily who fall into the category of young.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Muda consists of students of Public High School (SMU) and equivalents who have joint activities.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

One of his activities is to fill the rubric Kompas Muda in the daily Kompas.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

In addition to filling the rubrication, the activities of Kompas Muda that started from the recruitment process also penetrated into various competitions and other creativity events. [92]


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Students who gather in Kompas Muda community are usually called 'Mudaers' Community Gallery Kompas Muda volunteers.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Audience Engagement.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Compass Cerpen Award.


Question: Who is the founder of PT. Kompas Media Archipelago?

Compass (newspaper)

Kompas Humanitarian Fund (DKK) -Bank Mandiri See also Kompas Gramedia P.K. Ojong Jakob Oetama Outside links Reference (in Indonesian) Category:Indonesian national newspapers


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The Chinese language (),) is part of the Sino-Tibetan language clump.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Although most Chinese consider the various variants of spoken Chinese as a single language, the variations in those spoken languages are comparable to those variations present in suppose Roman; its written language has also changed shape with the passage of time, although it is slower than the form of the writing, and therefore able to exceed the variations in the form of writing.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

About 1/5 of the world's population uses one form of Chinese as native speakers, then if considered one language, Chinese is the language with the largest number of native speakers in the world.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Chinese (spoken in its standard form, Mandarin) is the official language of China and Taiwan, one of the four official languages of Singapore, and one of the six official languages of the United Nations.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The terms and concepts that Chinese use to think about language are different from those used by Westerners; this is due to the unifying effect of the Chinese script used for writing and also by differences in Chinese political and social development compared to Europe.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

China managed to maintain cultural and political unity at the same time as the fall of the Roman empire, a time in which Europe was split into small states whose differences were determined by language.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The main difference between Chinese and Western concepts of language is that Chinese people strongly distinguish written language (wen) from spoken language (yu).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

This distinction expanded until it became the distinction between the written word (zi) and the spoken word (hua).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The concept of different raw languages and uniting the spoken language with the written language in Chinese is not very prominent.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

There are several variants of spoken Chinese, in which Mandarin is the most important and prominent.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

But on the other hand, there is only one written language.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

(See paragraph below).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Spoken Chinese is a kind of intonation language related to Tibetan and the Myanmar language, but is genetically unrelated to neighboring languages such as Korean, Vietnamese, Thai and Japanese.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Nevertheless, the languages received great influence from Chinese in historical processes, linguistically as well as extralinguistically.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Korean and Japanese both have writing systems using Chinese script, which are called Hanja and Kanji respectively.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

In North Korea, Hanja is no longer used and Hangul is the only way to display the language while in South Korea Hanja is still used.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Vietnamese also has many borrowed words from Chinese and in the past used Chinese script.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Relationship between spoken Chinese and written Chinese For information regarding spoken and written Chinese, see spoken Chinese and written Chinese The relationship between spoken and written Chinese is quite complex - the complexity of this relationship is further complicated by the existence of an assortment of variations of spoken Chinese that have passed evolution over the centuries since at least the late days of the Han dynasty.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Even so, the writing form did not undergo such a great change.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Until the 20th century, most formal Chinese writing took the form of Classical Chinese (wenyan) which differed greatly from all spoken variants of Chinese as did Classical Latin distinct from modern Roman.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Chinese scripts that are more similar to their language are used to write informal works such as novels containing colloquial language.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Since the May 4th Movement (1919), the formal standard of Chinese writing has been baihua (Vernacular Chinese), which has a grammar and vocabulary similar - but not the same - to the grammar and vocabulary of modern spoken Chinese.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Although few new works are written in Classical Chinese, Classical Chinese is still studied at junior high and high school levels in China and forms part of university entrance examinations.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Chinese script is the character of a word that does not change although in different dialects the way it is pronounced is different.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Thus, although “one” in Mandarin is “yi”, in Cantonist is “yat” and in Hokkien is “tsit/cit”, they all derive from the same one Chinese word and still use the same one character, namely: 一.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

However, the manner of use of such characters is not the same in every dialect of Chinese.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The vocabulary used in those dialects has also been expanded.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

In addition, although the vocabulary used in literary works still often has similarities between different dialects (at least in the use of letters because the way they are read differently), the vocabulary for everyday language often has many differences.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The complex interaction between written and spoken Chinese can be described through Cantonist.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

There are two standard forms used to write Cantonist: formal written Cantonist and plain written Cantonist (colloquial).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Formal written Cantonist is very similar to written Chinese and is intelligible to a Chinese speaker without much difficulty, but formal written Cantonist is quite different than spoken Cantonist.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Ordinary written Cantonist is more similar to spoken Cantonist but is difficult to understand by Chinese speakers who are not yet familiar.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Cantonist is idiosyncratic compared to other non-Chinese regional languages because it has a standard written form that is widely used.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Other regional languages do not have alternative standardized forms of writing such as Cantonist but they use local letters or use letters considered archaic in “baihua”.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

In addition to the above languages, there are also other types of Chinese spoken such as Hakka or khek and Tiochiu.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The development of Chinese language The categorization of the development of the Chinese language is still a debate among linguists.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

One of the first such systems was created by a Swedish linguist named Bernhard Karlgren; the system now instated is a revision of the system of his creation.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Old Chinese was a common language in the early and middle days of the Zhou dynasty (11th to 7th centuries BC) - this is evidenced by engravings on bronze artifacts, Shijing poetry, Shujing history, and parts of Yijing (I Ching).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The task of reconstructing Old Chinese was begun by the philologists of the Qing dynasty.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The phonetical elements found in most Chinese scripts also show signs of old reading.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Middle Chinese was the language spoken during the times of the Sui dynasty, Tang dynasty and Song dynasty (from the 7th to 10th centuries AD).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

This language can be divided into its early times — reflected by Qieyun's rhyme table (601 AD) and its eventual period around the 10th century—which is reflected by Guangyun's rhyme table.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Bernhard Karlgren named this time as 'Ancient Chinese'.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Linguists are confident they can make reconstructions showing how Middle Chinese is spoken.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Evidence of this way of reading of Middle Chinese comes from a variety of sources: modern dialect variants, dictionaries of rhymes, and foreign transliterations.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Just as Proto-Indo-European languages could be reconstructed from modern European languages, Middle Chinese could also be reconstructed from modern dialects.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

In addition, ancient Chinese philologists have taken great difficulty in encapsulating the Chinese phonetic system through the “rima tables”, and these tables are now the basis for the work of modern day linguists.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Chinese phonetical translations of foreign words also give many clues to the phonetical origin of Middle Chinese.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Even so, the entire reconstruction of the language is temporary; experts have proved for example, doing a modern Cantonist reconstruction of the rhymes of modern Cantonist music (Cantopop) would give a very imprecise picture of the language.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The development of spoken Chinese from the earliest times of history to the present day is a very complex development.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The classification below shows how the main groups of the Chinese language evolved from one common language initially.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Until the mid-20th century, most Chinese living in the south of China could not speak Mandarin.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

After all, despite the mixture of officials and ordinary people speaking in various dialects of Chinese, Nanjing Mandarin became dominant at least during the Qing dynasty using Manchu as an official language.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Since the 17th century, the Imperial side had established the Orthoepi Academy () as an attempt that the way of recitation followed Beijing's standards (Beijing was the Qing capital), but such efforts were less successful.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Nanjing Mandarin eventually replaced its use in the imperial court with Beijing Mandarin in the last 50 years of the Qing dynasty in the late 19th century.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

For ordinary people, although various variations of Chinese had been spoken in China at that time, standard Chinese still did not exist.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Non-Mandarin speakers in the south of China also continue to communicate in their regional dialects in all aspects of life.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Things change with (in China and Taiwan) primary school education systems that have a commitment to teaching Mandarin.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

As a result, Mandarin is now spoken fluently by almost all people in Mainland China and Taiwan.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

In Hong Kong, the language of education still remains Cantonist but Mandarin is increasingly becoming more and more important.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Numbers in Chinese with Malay/Indonesian See also Old Chinese Spoken Chinese written Chinese script Chinese Chinese script Hokkien language Cantonese List of uptake words from Chinese in Indonesian Reference Hannas, William.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

C. 1997.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Asia's Orthographic Dilemma.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

University of Hawaii Press.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

ISBN 0-8248-1892-X (paperback); ISBN 0-8248-1842-3 (hardcover) DeFrancis, John. 1990.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

ISBN 0-8248-1068-6 Norman, Jerry. 1988.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Chinese.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

ISBN 0-521-22809-3 (hardcover).


Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

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Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

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Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

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Question: What are the types of Chinese?

Chinese

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. (in English) (in English, Simplified Hanzi, Traditional Hanzi)


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia is a sense of collective distaste of the Indonesians towards some matters related to Malaysia.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The sentiment first emerged during the formation of the Federation of Malaysia and was due more to political strife than social or cultural strife.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

At the beginning of the formation of Federation of Malaya otherwise known as Persekutuan Tanah Melayu in 1957, relations were still progressing well, [1] and new disputes arose when the Federation of Malaysia was about to be formed [2] due to the issue of the Serawak and North Borneo (now known as Sabah) regions which was promoted by Sukarno who was known as a very anti-colonialism and imperialism. [3]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The Indonesian President of the time regarded the Federation of Malaysia as a tool of British imperialism which was not willing in conducting in accordance with the provisions of the United Nations against the regions of Malaya, Sarawak and North Borneo.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

After subsiding at the time of the New Order, this sentiment re-emerged in the early 21st century, which because it was based more on cultural and political disputes of the region, so it did not lead to being anti-Malay as happened in Singapore and Thailand.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation 1957-1968 See main article: Confrontation Indonesia-Malaysia JMPL|200px|Volunteer Action Command.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation was more political and provoked by prejudice on the part of Indonesians who considered the Federation of Malaysia as a result of British formation as a “neo-colonial puppet” state.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The British were accused of trying to keep the two colonies in Borneo namely Sarawak and Sabah not independent by combining the Malaya Peninsula with the idea of forming a country called the Federation of Malaysia [2] to simplify the plan of British economic interests over the region and as tools extend the influence of Western countries imperialism in the Asian region and give British and Australian countries a gap to influence Asian regional politicans, especially Southeast Asia.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In fact the Philippines and Indonesia officially agreed to accept the formation of the Federation of Malaysia if the majority in the area were conducted through elections in a people's choice referendum to be organized by the United Nations as the decision of the UN Security Council.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

However, on 16 September 1963, unilaterally before the results of the election of the people were reported, the supporters of the Malaysian Federation comprising elite considered that the problem of choice of the people of Malaya, Sarawak and Sabah and the choice of formation of a federation included in Sarawak and Sabah is as a domestic matter, with no place to interfere with local people or outsiders.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Indonesian leaders see this as a violation of the international agreement THE MACAPAGAL PLAN, among others, through the agreement dated 31 July 1963, dated 3 August 1963, dated 5 August 1963 [4] regarding who should follow the people to include the people of Sarawak and Sabah in overall in the process but the British still wanted to do a veiled colonialization of the Sarawak and Sabah region through the plan of formation of the Federation of Malaysia as evidenced by the existence of a treaty between the British and the Federation of Malaya or also referred to as the Malayan Land Guild in terms of the right to use military bases in Sembawang, () [2] and then added to anti-Indonesian demonstrations in Kuala Lumpur, when protesters stormed the KBRI building by shredding photos of Soekarno and carrying Garuda Pancasila state emblem before Tunku Abdul Rahman The then Prime Minister of Malaysia and forced him to step on the emblem of the Garuda Pancasila state saw this further cause the anger of Soekarno and the Indonesian people towards the formation of the Federation of Malaysia which was considered as not representing the interests of the local people. [5] led to the end of the The establishment of Dwi Komando Rakyat abbreviated as Dwikora contains: 1) Perhebat Defence of the Indonesian Revolution, and 2) Help the revolutionary struggle of the people of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah, Serawak, and Brunei liberate themselves and dissolve the State of Malaysia.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Although the status of Sarawak and Sabah region until now is still listed on the UN Security Council list is still as a region that has not completed decoconial, [6] since the fall of the Sukarno regime, Indonesia's replacement president, Suharto, immediately replaced the political of confrontation with politics empowerment for the people of Malaya, namely by sending training personnel for human resource improvement in Malaya and establishing good relations with Malaysia and Singapore.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Nevertheless, the event of the formation of the Federation of Malaysia has never been lost in the collective memory of the Indonesian people, but therefore the confrontation is more on the political territory then the socio-cultural relationship between the people of the two countries at the time of confrontation until now remains running with well.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Anti-Malaysian sentiment 21st century Anti-Malaysian sentiment in this regard regarding the establishment of the Federation of Malaysia in Indonesia re-emerged in the early 21st century, mainly as a result of the large number of Indonesian Workers (TKI) who generally work as lowly laborers in Malaysia. [7]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In addition, some border disputes, unilateral claims on Indonesian territory, bombings in Jakarta and Bali, obsertion against the rampant indon calls are considered a reflection of the actions of the Malaysian government as an effort to “find trouble” until once known as Malaysian jargon ganyang now turned into malingsia and increased with malon. [8]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Background Since the Soeharto government's policy helped Malaysia, there was a huge wave of sending Indonesians to Malaysia to help increase the population of Malays which started around the 1980s which later in 2007 turned into 90% of all workers foreigners in the country, [9] or reaching 1.5 million people, [10] arises a view among the new generation of Malaysians that demeans Indonesians. [11]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

One of the causes was various Malaysian press news and Malaysian government obsertions that openly mentioned Indonesians as “indon” as perpetrators of various criminal acts.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

As a result, negative connotations grew over the use of the word, which was considered an insult. [11]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In Malaysia then grew the stereotypical presumption that Indonesians were the source of “less civilized” annoyance and behavior, which was later expressed in Malaysians' treatment of Indonesians.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

This problem is also related to the large number of illegal workers from Indonesia who are used as menial workers in factories and various plantations.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Things did not improve with the exit of an International Court decision granting sovereignty over Sipadan Island and Ligitan Island to Malaysia on 17 December 2002.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

This caused disappointment on the part of Indonesia, [12] even stated by some members of Parliament.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

This sense of dislike then increased rapidly after a barrage of events seen by Indonesia as unilateral arrogant acts by Malaysia, such as the case of disputes in the Ambalat bloc that forced President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono to ask the military to “safeguard the sovereignty of Indonesian territory “(2005), [13] the use of the song “Rasa Sayange” on a Malaysian tourism promotion campaign (2007), the beating of Indonesian karate athletes by Malaysian security officers (August 2007), [10] and Ponorogo's reog claim (referred to as “barongan”) as indigenous Malaysian art (2008).


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

A spate of terrorism acts in the form of a series of bombings of a number of buildings in Jakarta and Bali, as well as various bombing plans in several other places that could be foiled, from 2000 to 2005, as well as 2009, also raised the issue of conspiracy theories from Malaysia. [14]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The issue was raised because the mastermind of the bombing was carried out by two Malaysian nationals, Azahari and Noordin M. Top, who were Malaysian nationals. [15]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In the case of Ambalat, a relatively serious situation occurred because on 7 March 2005 followed up by the military with the delivery of eight combat ships supported by four F-16 jet fighter aircraft by the Eastern Region Fleet in Balikpapan, as a preventive measure after previously a number of Malaysian military ships patrol inside this block.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In other cases, clarification efforts were made through political communication among officials of the two countries.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In the case of “Rasa Sayange”, protests arose from among the Moluccan people (as an ethnic group claiming it) and members of parliament (Parliament).


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In mid-2009 the situation again heated up after there were bombings against the Marriott Hotel and the Ritz-Carlton, both in Jakarta.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Tudingan was addressed to Malaysia because it was considered a party of interest, although there is no tangible evidence.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In the midst of this sentiment, there was the case for the entry of Pendet Dance into the Malaysian promotional event by Discovery Channel. [16]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The case brought up emotional sentiments on the part of Indonesia, even stated by top officials. [17]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

This case briefly triggered sweeping against Malaysians in Indonesia, which resulted in the summoning of the Indonesian ambassador in Kula Lumpur by the Malaysian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. [18]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Cracker attacks also occurred against various Malaysian pages. [19]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Not yet subside anger due to this case, the news appeared in the Indonesian media regarding Malaysia's promotion of “Jemor Island” written as Jemur Island, whereas the latter is an island under the administration of Riau Province.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The news ostensibly indicates a claim to the island by Malaysia [20], although it turns out that the one promoted is Pulau Jemor, off the coast of Selangor. [21]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

As a result of this escalation, the President of Indonesia had issued a ban on acting excessively. [22]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Expression of dislike in Indonesia The expression of dislike is expressed in various ways.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Demonstrations briefly occurred in front of the Malaysian Embassy in Jakarta, especially after the Ambalat case occurred.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

As a result of protests from Indonesia regarding the song Rasa Sayange was responded coldly, there appeared various rough posts on various internet forums.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Several blogs also wrote down his disappointment.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In fact, advertising a folk remedy alludes to this issue.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Malaysia is imaged as the “thief” of Indonesian culture.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

From this then came the sarcastic jargon of “Malingsia” to assert that Malaysians could only steal (maling) the artwork of the Indonesian nation.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The term “Malon” (with negative connotations) is also invented as a counterpart to the term 'Indon' used in Malaysia.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

The fact that many cultural heritage similarities occur (such as keris, various types of food, and some regional songs) is considered a “theft” committed by the Malaysian side.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

This is based on the definition of Malay applied in Malaysia, which gives restrictions “Malay” are all tribes of the nation with the same physical and religious features as the indigenous Malays of Malaysia, including if in fact someone comes from the Javanese, Bugis, Acehnese, or Minangkabau tribes, because there are a large number of Malay Tribes in Malaysia who bleed the following tribes.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

In cyberspace, various forums and blogs allude to Malaysia's treatment of Indonesians.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Some hackers even defaced some of the home pages of a number of Malaysian institutions.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Of the various barrage of cases involving the two countries, the Ambalat case can be said to be the culmination.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

From various mass demos in Indonesia, mob action no longer raised Ambalat case only, but has shifted into anti-Malaysian sentiment.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Various youth groups in various regions in Indonesia even claimed to be ready to volunteer if there was a war between Indonesia and Malaysia, some of them instead did the blood thumb act as a symbol of their loyalty to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

Malaysian reaction Due to the occurrence of the Internal Security Act, in most cases, the Malaysian public generally cannot react significantly therefore it only happens to debate in community forums, such as Kaskus or Topix, but as in perpetuity General in international relations the Malaysian government always conducts diplomatic protests and when community groups in Indonesia declare sweeping against Malaysian citizens and rallies accompanied by the burning of Malaysian flags, the government Malaysia again called the Indonesian ambassador in Kuala Lumpur and also followed by a written statement issued by the Chairman of UMNO Youth as a youth organization from the then-ruling UMNO party in Malaysia. [23]


Question: Is the background to the rise of Anti-Malaysian sentiment?

Anti-Malaysian sentiment in Indonesia

See also Indonesian Ship Splitting Incident 2005 Sipadan and Ligitan Dispute Footnote Category:Foreign relations Indonesia Category:Foreign relations of Malaysia


Question: when was Garuda BIMA-X first released?

Garuda Indonesia

Garuda Indonesia (PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk;) is the national airline of Indonesia.


Question: when was Garuda BIMA-X first released?

Garuda Indonesia

Garuda is the name of rides of Lord Vishnu's mounts in ancient Indian mythology.


Question: when was Garuda BIMA-X first released?

Garuda Indonesia

In 2007, the airline along with other Indonesian airlines (including Garuda Indonesia's subsidiary Citilink), was banned from flying to Europe due to an incident that hit Garuda Indonesia flight number 200. [3]


Question: when was Garuda BIMA-X first released?

Garuda Indonesia

A year later, the airline received IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) certification from IATA indicating Garuda Indonesia has met International aviation safety standards. [4]


Question: when was Garuda BIMA-X first released?

Garuda Indonesia

Improved service and improved quality of airline service made Garuda the winner of Skytrax's “World's Most Improved Airline” category. [5] June 1, 2010 was a historic day for Garuda Indonesia, where the reopening of the Amsterdam route was implemented using Airbus A330-200 Aircraft with a stop in Dubai.