Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In conclusion, money is a generally accepted object by society to measure value, exchange, and make payments on purchases of goods and services, and at the same time act as a means of wealth hoarders.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The existence of money provides an easier alternative to transactions than the more complex, inefficient, and less suitable barter used in the modern economic system because it requires people who share the same desire to conduct exchanges and also difficulties in value determination.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Efficiency gained by using money will ultimately encourage trade and division of labor which will then increase productivity and prosperity.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In the beginning in Indonesia, money —in this case kartal money— was issued by the government of the Republic of Indonesia.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

But since the issuance of Law No. 13 of 1968 article 26 paragraph 1, the government's right to print money was revoked.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The government then designated the Central Bank, Bank Indonesia, as the only institution entitled to create kartal money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The right to create money is called the right of octroi.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The History of Money we know today has undergone a long process of development.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In the beginning, the community did not know the exchange because everyone tried to meet their needs with their own efforts.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Man hunts if he is hungry, makes his own clothes from simple materials, seeks fruits for his own consumption; in short, what he acquires is what is utilized to meet his needs.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Subsequent developments expose man to the fact that what is produced by himself turns out to be insufficient to fulfill all his needs.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In order to acquire goods that cannot be produced by themselves, they look for people who are willing to exchange the goods owned for other goods needed by them.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

As a result arose a system of 'barter' that is goods exchanged for goods.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

But in the end, many difficulties are felt with this system.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Among these are the difficulties of finding people who have the desired goods and also want to exchange the goods they own as well as the difficulty of obtaining goods that are interchangeable with each other at a balanced exchange value or almost equal in value.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

To solve it, begin to arise thoughts to use certain objects to use as a means of exchange.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The objects that are designated as means of exchange are objects that are generally accepted (generally accepted) selected objects of high value (difficult to obtain or have magical and mystical value), or objects that are primary daily necessities; for example salt by the Romans was used as a means of exchange as well as a means of payment of wages.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The influence of the Romans is still visible today: the English call wages as salary which comes from the Latin salarium meaning salt.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Although the exchange tool already exists, difficulties in exchange remain.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

These difficulties include because the objects that are used as a means of exchange do not have fractions so that the determination of the value of money, storage, and transport (transportation) becomes difficult to do and also arise difficulties due to lack of durability of these objects so they are easily crushed or not durable.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Then came the so-called metal money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Metal was chosen as a means of exchange because it has a high value so it is common, durable and non-perishable, easy to break down without reducing value, and easy to move.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Metals that are used as a means of exchange because they meet these conditions are gold and silver.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Gold and silver metal money is also referred to as full bodied money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

That is, the intrinsic value (material value) of money is equal to its nominal value (the value listed on that currency).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

At that time, everyone has the right to forge money, melt, sell or wear it, and have unlimited rights to store money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In line with the development of the economy, there is a presumption of difficulties when the development of exchanges that must be served with money increases while the amount of precious metals (gold and silver) is very limited.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The use of metal money is also difficult to do for large quantities of transactions so the creation of paper money at first circulating banknotes are evidence of ownership of gold and silver as tools/intermediaries to make transactions.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In other words, the banknotes in circulation at the time were money guaranteed 100% in gold or silver stored at the goldsmiths or silver and at any time redeemable in full for the guarantee.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In later developments, people no longer use gold (directly) as a means of exchange.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Instead, they made those 'paper-proofs' a means of exchange.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Function In general, money has the function of being an intermediary for the exchange of goods with goods, as well as to avoid trade by means of barter.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In more detail, the money function is differentiated into two namely the original function and the derivative function.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Original function The original function of money is three, namely as a means of exchange, as a unit of calculation, and as a store of value.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money serves as an exchange tool or medium of exchange that can simplify exchange.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The person who will make the exchange does not need to exchange for goods, but simply use money as a means of exchange.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The difficulties of exchange by means of barter can be overcome by exchange of money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money also serves as a unit of account because money can be used to show the value of various goods/services sold, show the size of wealth, and calculate the size of the loan.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money is also used to determine the price of goods/services (price pointer).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

As a unit of calculation tool, money plays a role to smooth exchange.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In addition, money serves as a means of storing value (exchange) because it can be used to shift purchasing power from the present to the foreseeable future.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

When a seller currently receives a sum of money as payment for the goods and services he sells, then he can keep the money to be used to buy goods and services in the future.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Derivative Function In addition to all three of the above, money also has other functions referred to as derivative functions.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Derivative functions include: Money as a legitimate means of payment The human need for goods and services that are growing and varied cannot be fulfilled through exchange-exchange or barter.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In order to make it easier to obtain the necessary goods and services, human beings need a means of payment that is acceptable to everyone, namely money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money as a means of debt repayment Money can be used to measure future payments.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money as a means of wealth hoarders Some people usually do not spend all the money they have for consumption purposes.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

There is some money set aside and saved for future purposes.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money as a wealth transfer tool Someone who wants to move from somewhere to another can move his wealth in the form of land and house building into money by selling it.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In a new place he can buy a new home using the money from the sale of the old house.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money as a driving tool of economic activity If the value of money is stable people are more passionate about making investments.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

With investment activities, economic activity will increase.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The terms of an object can be used as “money” if the object has met certain conditions.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

First, the thing must be generally accepted (acceptability).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In order to be recognized as a common means of exchange an object must have a high value or be —at least— guaranteed its existence by the ruling government.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Materials used as money must also be durable (durability), the quality tends to be the same (uniformity), the amount can meet the needs of society and not easily counterfeited (scarcity).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money should also be easy to carry, portable, and easily divided without reducing the value (divisibility), and have a value that tends to be stable over time (stability of value).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The types of money circulating in society can be distinguished in two types, namely kartal money (often also referred to as common money) and giral money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Kartal money is a valid payment tool and must be used by the public in carrying out daily buying transactions.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

While the current money is money owned by the community in the form of deposits (deposits) that can be withdrawn as needed.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

This money only circulates in certain circles, so the public has the right to refuse if it does not want the goods or services it provides to be paid with this money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

For narrating money giral, people use cheques.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

According to the material of manufacture Money according to the material of manufacture is divided into two, namely metal money and banknotes.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Metal money is money made of metal; usually of gold or silver because both metals have a high and stable value, its shape is easily recognizable, its properties are not easily destroyed, durable, and can be divided into smaller units without reducing value.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Metal money has three kinds of values: Intrinsic value, that is, the value of materials to make currency, for example what value gold and silver are used for currency.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Face value, which is the value listed on the currency or the price stamp indicated on the currency.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

For example, one hundred rupiah (Rp. 100,00), or five hundred rupiah (Rp. 500,00).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Exchange rate (real), exchange rate is the ability of money to be exchanged for a good (purchasing power of money).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

For example, Rp. 500,00 can only be redeemed for a candy, while Rp. 10,000,00 can be redeemed for a bowl of meatballs).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

When first used, gold money and silver money were judged on their intrinsic value, namely the grade and weight of the metals contained in them; the greater the content of gold or silver in them, the higher the value.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

But at the moment, metal money is not judged by its weight of gold, but by its nominal value.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The face value is the value listed or written on that currency.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Banknotes Meanwhile, what is meant by banknotes are money made of paper with certain drawings and stamp and are legitimate means of payment.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

According to the explanation of Law No. 23 of 1999 concerning Bank Indonesia, the banknote is money in the form of sheets made of paper or other materials (which resemble paper).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

According to the institution that issued it According to the institution that issued it, money is distinguished into cartal money (trust) and current money (deposits in banks).


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Kartal money (trust) is money issued by the state under the law and applies as a valid means of payment.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Kartal money in Indonesia consists of metal money and banknotes.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Giral money (deposits in banks) are funds deposited on newspapers in public banks that can at any time be used to make payments with intermediaries of bilyet checks, current accounts, or pay orders.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Current money is issued by public banks and is intangible money because it is only a balance of bills in the bank.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

According to its value According to its value, money is differentiated into full money (full bodied money) and token money (token money) Full Money (full bodied money) The value of money is said to be full money if the value indicated above the money is the same value as the material used.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

In other words, the face value listed is equal to the intrinsic value contained in the money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

If the money is made of gold, then the value of that money is equal to the value of the gold it contains.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money Tanda (token money) While the token money is if the value listed above the money is higher than the value of the material used to make money or in other words the face value is greater than the intrinsic value of the money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

For example, to make money Rp1,000.00 the government incurs a fee of Rp750.00.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money-value theory The theory of value for money addresses financial problems related to the value of money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The value of money is of concern to economists, because the high or low value of money is highly influential on economic activity.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

This is evident by the many theories of money submitted by some experts.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money theory consists of two theories, namely static money theory and dynamic money theory.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Static money theory Static Money Theory or also called “static qualitative theory” aims to answer the question: is it actually money?


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

And why does the money have a price?


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Why is the money up in circulation?


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

This theory is called static because it does not question changes in value that result from economic development.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

What is included by the theory of static money is: Theory of Metalism (Intrinsic) by KMAPP Money is like goods, its value is not made-up, but is equal to the value of the metal used as money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Examples: gold money and silver money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Theory of Conventions (Treaties) by Devanzati and Montanari This theory states that money is formed on the basis of community loading to make exchange easier.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The theory of Money Nominalism is accepted based on the value of its purchasing power.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Theory of the State of origin of money because of the state, if the state sets what is an exchange tool and a means of payment, then money arises.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

So money is worth because of the certainty of the state in the form of payment laws passed.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Dynamic money theory This theory concerns the causes of changes in the value of money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Dynamic theories include: Quantity Theory from David Ricardo This theory states that the strong or weak value of money depends largely on the amount of money in circulation.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

If the amount of money changes to double, then the value of money will decrease to half of the original, and vice versa.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

The Quantity Theory of Irving Fisher The theory that David Ricardo has put forward was refined again by Irving Fisher by including elements of the speed of circulation of money, goods and services as factors that affect the value of money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Cash Inventory Theory This theory is judged by the amount of money that the goods are not bought.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Production Fare Theory This theory states the value of money in circulation derived from metals and that money can be viewed as goods.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Money in economy Money is for spending if not for spending what else tolo one of the main topics in economic and financial learning.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Monetarism is an economic theory that mostly discusses the demand and supply of money.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Before the 80s, the issue of stability in demand for money became the main subject of works by Milton Friedman, Anna Schwartz, David Laidler, and others.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Monetary policy aims to regulate money supply, inflation, and interest which will then affect output and employment.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Inflation is a decrease in the value of a currency over a certain period of time and can lead to an excessive increase in the money supply.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Interest rates, the costs that arise when borrowing money, are one important tool to control inflation and economic growth.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Central banks are often given the responsibility to oversee and control money supplies, interest rates, and banking.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Monetary crises can cause great effects on the economy, especially if the crisis leads to monetary failure and an excessive fall in the value of the currency which causes people to prefer barter as a way of transacting.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

This once happened in Russia, as an example, in the time of the Soviet Union's collapse.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Reference See also Types of money Inflation Bank National Income Financial Institution Not Bank Outside link Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. (in English) (in English) (in English) Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. by Elmer G. Wiens.


Question: What is the derivative function of money?

Money

Examines the structural differences between barter and monetary commodity exchanges and oral and written linguistic exchanges.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth I () was queen of the Kingdom of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

She is sometimes nicknamed “The Virgin Queen” (Virgin Queen), “Gloriana”, or “Good Queen Bess”.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarchical ruler of the Tudor Dynasty.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

She was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, but her mother was put to death two and a half years after her birth, and Anne's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled, so Elizabeth was considered an illegitimate child.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His half-brother, Edward VI, became king until his death in 1553, and before dying he handed over the throne to Lady Jane Grey, in defiance of the then-prevailing legislation and removed Elizabeth and Mary.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, Edward's wishes were ignored; Mary became queen and Lady Jane Grey was put to death.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1558, Elizabeth replaced her half-sister, although earlier Elizabeth was imprisoned for almost a year for allegedly supporting Protestant rebels.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth tried to rule on good advice, [1] so that she relied heavily on her trusted advisers led by William Cecil, Baron Burghley.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

One of his first acts was to re-establish the Protestant church of England, with Elizabeth as Supreme Governor (Supreme Governor).


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This church would evolve into the present Church of England.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was expected to marry and produce offspring thus continuing the Tudor lineage.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, he never married, despite several dating times.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth later became known for her virginity, and there emerged a cult that can be seen in the form of portraits, vocations, and literature.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

While reigning, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and siblings. [2]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

One of his catchphrases is “video et taceo” (“I looked and said nothing”). [3]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He was relatively tolerant of other beliefs and did not persecute on such grounds.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After 1570, as the pope declared that he was an illegitimate ruler and his subordinates did not have to obey him, several conspiracies threatened his life.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, all attempts to bring Elizabeth down are thwarted thanks to secret agents of her ministers.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In foreign affairs, Elizabeth was quite cautious and moved between France and Spain.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He was half-hearted in supporting a number of ineffective and underfinanced military campaigns in the Netherlands, France, and Ireland.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By the middle of the 1580s, war with Spain was no longer inevitable, and when Spain decided it would conquer England in 1588, the Spanish Armada was defeated by the English, and this victory became one of the greatest victories in English history.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Elizabethan period of power is called the Elizabethan era and is known for the development of English drama by some of its prouts such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In addition, British explorers such as Francis Drake are also famous.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, some historians state that Elizabeth was irritable, sometimes unequivocal, [4] and just lucky.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Towards the end of his power, as a result of various economic and military problems, his popularity waned.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, he remained known as a charismatic reformist and managed to survive a time when British rule was on the verge of collapse and as rulers in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that threatened his power.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This happened to Elizabeth's enemy, Mary, Queen of Scots, who was imprisoned by Elizabeth in 1568 and eventually sentenced to death in 1587.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Forty-four years of Elizabethan power have brought stability to Britain and helped shape national identity. [2]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's early life was born at Greenwich Palace and named after her two grandmothers, Elizabeth of York and Elizabeth Howard. [5]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He was the second child of king Henry VIII of England.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His mother, Anne Boleyn, was Henry's second wife.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At birth, he became a potential successor to the British throne.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His elder half-sister, Mary, did not become a legitimate successor because Henry had annulled his marriage to Mary's mother, Catherine of Aragon, in order to be able to marry Anne and acquire a male successor. [6] [7] Elizabeth was baptized on 10 September; Chief Bishop Thomas Cranmer, Marquess of Exeter, The Lady Duke of Norfolk, and Dowager Marchioness Dorset became the four sponsors of her baptism.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

When Elizabeth was two years and eight months old, her mother was put to death on 19 May 1536. [8]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was declared an illegitimate child and no longer a potential successor. [9]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Eleven days after Anne Boleyn's death, Henry married Jane Seymour, but she died soon after giving birth to a son named Edward in 1537.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Since his birth, Edward became an undisputed potential successor to the throne.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was placed in her household and carried a chrisom (baptismal cloth) when Edward was baptized. [10]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's first teacher and governess was Margaret Bryan. [11]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In the autumn of 1537, Elizabeth was taken care of by Blanche Herbert until she retired at the end of 1545 or early in 1546. [12]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Catherine Champernowne, better known as Catherine “Kat” Ashley, became Elizabeth's teacher and governess in 1537, and she remained a friend of Elizabeth until her death in 1565. [13]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Champernowne taught Elizabeth four languages: French, Vlaams, Italian, and Spanish. [14]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By the time William Grindal became her teacher in 1544, Elizabeth could write in English, Latin, and Italian.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Under Grindal's teaching, Elizabeth's French and Greek language skills also progressed. [15]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After Grindal died in 1548, Elizabeth was educated by Roger Ascham. [16]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By the time her official education ended in 1550, she was one of the most educated women of her generation. [17]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At the end of her life, Elizabeth was also known to speak Welsh, Kernowek, Scots, [18] and Irish.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Venetian ambassador in 1603 declared that he mastered the languages until it seemed as if they were the original language. [19]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Historian Mark Stoyle states that he probably learned the Kernowek language from William Killigrew. [20]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Thomas Seymour Henry VIII died in 1547; Elizabeth's half-brother, Edward VI, died at the age of nine.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Catherine Parr, Henry's wife who eventually became widowed, later married Thomas Seymour of Sudeley, uncle of Edward VI and brother of Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

They took Elizabeth to their household in Chelsea.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

There Elizabeth experienced an emotional crisis that was believed to affect her life for good. [22]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Seymour, whose age was approaching 40 but still possessed “strong sex appeal”, [22] played around with Elizabeth who was still 14, such as entering her bedroom, tickling her, and beating her ass.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Parr did not forbid her husband from doing so and instead participated.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Twice he went along to tickle Elizabeth, and once he held her while Seymour cut Elizabeth's black dress “into a thousand pieces. “[23]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, after Parr caught Elizabeth and Seymour was cuddling, he immediately stopped her. [24]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In May 1548, Elizabeth was sent elsewhere.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, Thomas Seymour was planning to take control of the royal family and tried to make himself governor of the king. [25] [26] When Parr died after giving birth on September 5, 1548, Seymour was again interested in Elizabeth and interested in marrying her. [27]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

News of his conduct towards Elizabeth was heard, [28] and his brother and the council felt no longer resistant to his conduct. [29]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In January 1549, Seymour was arrested for allegedly planning to marry Elizabeth and drop his brother.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth who lives at Hatfield House admits nothing.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His stubbornness grounded the man who interrogated him, Sir Robert Tyrwhitt, who reported “I see on his face that he was guilty”. [29]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Seymour was then besieged on 20 March 1549.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary I's time in power Edward VI died on 6 July 1553 at the age of 15.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His last will was to make Lady Jane Grey, granddaughter of Henry VIII's sister Mary Tudor, as his successor.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This will that removed Mary and Elizabeth was contrary to the Succession to the Crown Act 1543.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Lady Jane was later declared queen by the Privy Council, but after nine days she was dropped.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary enters London with Elizabeth by her side. [30]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This solidarity between two brothers did not last long.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary was a devout Catholic adherent and was about to destroy the Protestant faith that was Elizabeth's educational background.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary ordered everyone obliged to attend Catholic mass, and Elizabeth inevitably had to comply.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary's popularity declined in 1554 after she announced she would marry King Felipe of Spain, who was the son of Emperor Karl V and a devout Catholic adherent. [31]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

People who were displeased at this glanced at Elizabeth to counter Mary's religious policies.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In January and February 1554, Wyatt's rebellion erupted, but was soon quelled. [32]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth is brought to court and interrogated.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

On 18 March, he was imprisoned in the Tower of London.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth insisted that he was innocent. [33]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Although he is most likely not in cahoots with the rebels, some rebels have approached him.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary's closest confidant, namely Simon Renard who was Karl V's ambassador, stated that Mary's throne would never be safe as long as Elizabeth was alive.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Meanwhile, Chancellor Stephen Gardiner tried to bring Elizabeth to justice. [34]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Supporters of Elizabeth in government such as William Paget convinced Mary to pardon Elizabeth because there was no evidence to suggest that he conspired.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In fact, on 22 May, Elizabeth was moved from the Tower of London to Woodstock and she was under house arrest for almost a year.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

A mass crowd cheered her along the way. [35] [36] On April 17, 1555, Elizabeth was summoned back to the palace because Mary was allegedly pregnant.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

If Mary and her son died, Elizabeth would become queen.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, if Mary gives birth to a healthy child, Elizabeth's chance of becoming queen will be lost.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

It turned out that Mary was not pregnant, so no one else believed that she could bear a child. [37]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's position as successor seems to have been assured. [38]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

King Felipe came to power in Spain in 1556.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He realised that the political situation in England was already changing, so he tried to strengthen his relationship with Elizabeth.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was more able to be made an ally than Mary, Queen of Scots, who was raised in France and betrothed with the Dauphin of France. [39]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

When his wife fell ill in 1558, King Felipe sent Count Feria to consult Elizabeth. [40]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This Q&A was conducted at Hatfield House, which again became Elizabeth's residence in October 1555.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By October 1558, Elizabeth had already begun planning her reign.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

On November 6, Mary recognized Elizabeth as her successor. [41]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary died on 17 November 1558, and Elizabeth eventually ascended the throne.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Ascended the throne Elizabeth became queen at the age of 25 and expressed her intentions to the council and peers who came to Hatfield to perform the oath of allegiance.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The substance of his speech contained medieval political theology concerning the sovereign “two bodies”, namely natural bodies and political bodies: [42] Gentlemen, the laws of nature moved me to grieve for my sister; the burden that befell me amazed me, and but, remembering me is a creature of God, who is ordained to obey His appointment, I will surrender, desiring from the bottom of my heart that I obtain the help of His grace in order to be the executor of His heavenly will in this position that is now entrusted to me.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

And since I am only one natural body, although through His permission to rule one political body, then I want all of you... to help me, so that I with my power and you with your ministry can carry out the duty well for God almighty and bequeath some comfort to our descendants on Earth.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

I intend to direct my actions based on good advice and advice. [43]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

As he was paraded in the city on the eve of the comprehension ceremony, he was greeted by the people along with orations and expressions with strong Protestant elements.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's open and friendly response delighted her “deeply enchanted” audience. [44]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

On the following day (15 January 1559), Elizabeth was crowned and anointed by Owen Oglethorpe, the Catholic Bishop of Carlisle, at Westminster Abbey.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He was then presented to the people to be received, while the sounds of organs, flutes, drums, and bells were deafening. [45]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Religious settlement Elizabethan religious beliefs has been disputed by experts.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He was a Protestant, but kept Catholic symbols (such as the cross) and discouraged the role of preaching (which contradicted mainstream Protestant beliefs). [46]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Related to public policy, he tended to be pragmatic on religious matters.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The question of his validity as a ruler was of major concern: although technically under Protestant and Catholic law he was considered invalid, his invalidity which was declared retroactively by the English church was not a serious obstacle when compared to its invalidity from the beginning according to the claims of the Catholics.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Therefore, there is no doubt that Elizabeth adhered to the Protestant faith.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth and her advisers saw a threat of Catholic holy war against England which she considered heresy.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

So Elizabeth tried to find a Protestant solution that would not be particularly offensive to Catholics, but at the same time also fulfill the wishes of the English Protestants.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, he did not tolerate the more radical Puritans and called for greater reform of his influence. [47]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Therefore, parliament in 1559 began to make laws regarding the church based on the Protestant settlement of Edward VI, with the lord of the monarchy as its head, but with many Catholic elements such as the vestments of priestess. [48]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The House of Commons strongly supported this proposal, but the supremacist legislation was opposed by the House of Lords, especially from the class of bishops.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was fortunate in that many bishop posts were being lowered at the time, including the post of Archbishop of Canterbury. [49] [50] As a result, supporters of the legislation were able to defeat the votes of bishops and conservatives.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, Elizabeth was forced to accept the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England and was unable to obtain the title of Supreme Chief, as the title was deemed unshakeable by a woman.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Act of Supremacy was decreed as law on 8 May 1559.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

All public officials must perform an oath of allegiance to the supreme governor and when not risk being dismissed from office.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The law regarding heresy was also repealed to avoid a repeat of the events of persecution waged by Elizabeth's predecessor, Mary.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At the same time, the Act of Uniformity was enacted, which required attendance in churches and the use of the 1552 version of the Book of Common Prayer, although the sanctions for the infringing were not severe. [51]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Marriage problems From the beginning of Elizabeth's period of power, she was expected to marry soon and questions arose as to who would be her life partner.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, he never married, although he received many offers.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The reason why the queen did not marry remains unclear.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Historians estimate that Thomas Seymour made her want no more sexual intercourse, or perhaps Elizabeth knew she was barren. [53] [54] She considered a couple of enthusiasts until she was about fifty years old.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Her last boyfriend was François, Duke of Anjou, the younger by 22 years.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Although there is a risk of losing power as happened to Elizabeth's sister framed by King Felipe II of Spain, marriage can provide a descendant who can be a potential successor. [55]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, improper husband choices can provoke political instability or even rebellion. [56]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Robert Dudley In the spring of 1559, it seemed clear that Elizabeth was in love with her childhood friend, Robert Dudley. [57]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

It is said that Amy Robsart who was Robert's wife had “a disease in one of his breasts”, and the queen was about to marry Dudley if his wife died. [58]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In the autumn of 1559, several suitors from abroad wanted to impeach Elizabeth; some impatient messengers engaged in scandalous talks and reported that marriage to Elizabeth's dearest was not welcomed in England: [59] “There were no men who shouted not at them with anger... he would marry no one but his dear Robert”. [60]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Amy Dudley later died in September 1560 from falling down a flight of stairs.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Although examinations showed that the event was an accident, many suspected that Dudley was the mastermind. [61]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth sometimes really considered marriage to Dudley.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, William Cecil, Nicholas Throckmorton, and several other conservative aristocrats expressed their disapproval. [62]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

There are even rumors that the nobles will rebel if the marriage takes place. [63]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Among the other marriages considered by the queen, Robert Dudley was considered a possible candidate for the next decade. [64]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was very jealous of his affections, even as she no longer wanted to marry him. [65]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1564, Elizabeth raised Dudley to be Earl of Leicester.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He later remarried in 1578, so the queen displeased and even resented Dudley's wife, Lettice Knollys. [66]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, as historian Susan Doran describes it, Dudley remained “in the middle of [Elizabeth's] emotional life”. [67]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Dudley died not long after the Spanish Armada was defeated.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After Elizabeth herself turned up, a note from Dudley was found among Elizabeth's personal belongings, and the letter itself was marked with Elizabeth's handwriting that read “her last letter”. [68]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The political aspect of marriage negotiations was one of the main elements in Elizabethan foreign policy. [70]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

She rejected Felipe II's bequest in 1559, and entered into negotiations for several years to marry her cousin Karl of Austria.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1569, relations with the Habsburg Wangsa deteriorated, so Elizabeth considered marriage with two Frenchmen from Wangsa Valois, namely Henri, Duke of Anjou and later (from 1572 to 1581) Henri's brother, François, Duke of Anjou, who had previously had title Duke of Alençon. [71]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This latter proposal was related to a plan of communion against Spanish power in the Southern Netherlands. [72]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth seemed to consider François seriously for some time and wore a frog-shaped earring sent by Anjou. [73]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1563, Elizabeth informed an imperial messenger: “If I follow the inclinations of my disposition, it is: beggar and single woman, away from [disposition] queen and married”. [70]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At the end of the year, as Elizabeth had variola disease, talks over Elizabeth's potential successors heated up in Parliament.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

They requested that the queen marry or appoint a successor to prevent civil war after her death.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He refused to do both.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In April, he exercised his prorogation, so Parliament did not reconvene until Elizabeth needed it to levy taxes in 1566.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Having previously promised to marry, he stated that: I have never broken the words spoken by a prince in public, for the sake of my honor.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

And then I say once again, I will get married as soon as possible when I can easily do so, if God does not take the person I want to marry, or myself, or maybe something else that let it happen. [74]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1570, senior figures in government privately accepted the fact that Elizabeth would never marry or name a successor.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

William Cecil was already trying to find a solution to the successor problem. [70]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

As a result of her failure to marry, Elizabeth was often accused of irresponsibility. [75]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, his intransigence strengthened his political security: he knew that when he named a successor, he could be confronted at any time; he recalled how “a second man like me before” had been used to conspire against his predecessor. [76]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's still single status fueled the growing cult of virginity.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In poems and portraits, she is depicted as a virgin or goddess or both, rather than as an ordinary female. [78]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At first, only Elizabeth took advantage of her virginity: in 1559, she informed the House of Commons, “And, in the end, this suffices for me, that a marble stone will declare that a queen, who has been in power for so long, lived and died a virgin”. [79]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Later, writers and pools used the theme and turned it into an iconography that glorified Elizabeth.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The public award of the Virgin in 1578 showed resistance to the queen's marriage negotiations with the Duke of Alençon. [80]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

To give positive meaning to her marital status, Elizabeth insisted that she had been married to the kingdom and her subordinates, under divine protection.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1599, he once said “all my husbands, my good people”. [81]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary, Queen of Scots Elizabeth's first policy for Scotland was to oppose the existence of France there. [82]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He feared that France was planning to invade England and make Mary, Queen of Scots, queen, [83] because she was considered the successor to the English throne by many. [84]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was persuaded to send troops to Scotland in order to assist the Protestant rebels.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Although military campaigns were quite odd, the Edinburgh Tract in July 1560 could eliminate the threat from France in the north. [85]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

As Mary returned to Scotland in 1561 to power, the Protestant church had been established and run by a council of Protestant nobles supported by Elizabeth. [86]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary refused to ratify the tracts. [87]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1563, Elizabeth proposed that Robert Dudley be Mary's husband, without seeking the consent of the two men.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Both seemed unenthusiastic, [88] and in 1565 Mary married Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, who also had a claim to the English throne.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The marriage was Mary's first mistake that saw her defeated by Scottish Protestants and Elizabeth.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Darnley was unpopular in Scotland and was poorly named for masterminding the murder of Mary's Italian secretary, David Rizzio.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In February 1567, Darnley was murdered by conspirators almost certainly led by James Hepburn, Earl Bothwell.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Soon after, on 15 May 1567, Mary married Bothwell, raising suspicions that he was involved in the murder of her husband.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth wrote to him: A bad option for your honor is to marry in a hurry such a subordinate, who in addition to having notoriously bad flaws and others is also publicly accused of the murder of your husband who died, besides also touching yourself in some part, although we were wrong in believing it. [89]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

These events leave Mary defeated and imprisoned at Loch Leven Palace.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The nobles of Scotland forced him to resign and allowed his son James (who was born in June 1566) to ascend the throne.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

James was taken to Stirling Palace to be brought up as a Protestant.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary fled Loch Leven in 1568, but she was defeated again so fled to England because Elizabeth had once pledged her support.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's instincts directed her to restore Mary to the throne; however, she and her advisers instead chose to play it safe.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Rather than risk returning Mary to Scotland with an English army or sending her to France and her Catholic English enemies, they kept her in England and imprisoned her for the following nineteen years. [90]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Mary and Mary's Catholic conspiracy soon became targets of rebellion.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1569, a Catholic rebellion erupted in the North; its purpose was to free Mary, marry her to Thomas Howard, Fourth Duke of Norfolk, and make her Queen of England. [91]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After the rebels were defeated, more than 750 of them were put to death on Elizabeth's orders. [92]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Believing the rebellion to be successful, Pope Pius V issued a papal bulla in 1570 entitled Regnans in Excelsis, stating that “Elizabeth, Queen of England false and slave of evil” was excommunicated and was a follower of heresy, so that all her subordinates does not have to obey him. [93] [94] Catholics who obey his orders are threatened to be excommunicated. [93]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The papal bulla provoked Parliament to launch legislative initiatives against Catholics, which were later reduced thanks to Elizabeth's interference. [95]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1581, an attempt to make English people become Catholics with the “intent” of making them disobedient to Elizabeth was made a crime for which the death penalty could be commuted. [96]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

From the 1570s, missionaries from continental seminaries came to England to “return” England to the Catholic faith in secret. [94]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Many were put to death, thus triggering a cult of martyrdom. [94]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Regnans in Excelsis gave a strong incentive for Catholics in England to regard Mary Stuart as the real ruler of England.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Perhaps not all Catholic conspiracies were notified to Mary, but from the Ridolfi Conspiracy in 1571 (which saw the Duke of Norfolk lose his head) to the Babington Conspiracy in 1586, Elizabethan spy chief Sir Francis Walsingham and the royal council gathered evidence of his involvement. [97]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At first, Elizabeth is reluctant to sentence Mary to death.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By the end of 1586, Elizabeth had been convinced to agree to a trial and sentence of Mary's death based on the evidence of letters written during the Babington Conspiracy. [98]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Here is Elizabeth's proclamation of indictment: “Mary, who claimed the same title to the throne, had planned and imagined (...) things that skewed the wound, death, and destruction of our royal magnate. “[99]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

So, on 8 February 1587, Mary was besieged at Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire. [100]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After Mary was put to death, Elizabeth claimed she had not ordered the matter and most records show that she informed Secretary Davidson, who gave her a warrant to sign, not to send the warrant even though she had sign it.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The solemnity of Elizabeth's remorse and her reason for telling Davidson not to execute the warrant has been questioned by both her semites and history-historians.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Warfare and foreign trade Elizabeth's foreign policy was largely defensive.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The exception was the English occupation of Le Havre from October 1562 to June 1563, which ended in failure as Elizabeth's Huguenot allies joined with the Catholics to retake the port city.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth had previously intended to exchange Le Havre for Calais, which the French seized in January 1558. [101]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth only waged an aggressive policy through her fleet, which was used in the war against Spain, with 80% of the battles taking place at sea. [102]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He granted the title of knight to Francis Drake after he successfully circumnavigated the globe from 1577 to 1580, and Drake became famous for attacking Spanish ports and fleets.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Piracy and self-enrichment were also the impetus for sailors during Elizabeth's time, and the queen had little control over them. [103] [104] The Dutch Expedition After the occupation and release of Le Havre in 1562—1563, Elizabeth did not undertake military expeditions on the European Continent until year 1585, when he sent an English army to assist Protestant Dutch rebels in the battle against Felipe II. [105]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This was done after the death of Willem van Oranje and François, Duke of Anjou, in 1584, and the surrender of several Dutch cities to Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma, who was governor of Felipe in the Spanish Netherlands.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By December 1584, the communion between Felipe II with the French Catholic League in Joinville dropped the ability of Anjou's brother, Henri III of France, in offsetting Spanish domination in the Netherlands.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The communion also spread Spanish influence on the northern coast of France, which was the seat of the strength of the Catholic League, leaving Britain vulnerable to invasion. [105]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Siege of Antwerp in the summer of 1585 by the Duke of Parma also necessitated a response from England and the Dutch.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

So signed the Nonsuch Tract in August 1585, and in those tracts Elizabeth promised military support to the Dutch. [106]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The tractate marked the beginning of the English—Spanish War, which lasted until the signing of the London Tractate in 1604.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The English expedition in the Netherlands was led by Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth from the start was not very supportive of this policy.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His strategy of seeming to favour the Dutch by sending in English soldiers while secretly beginning peace negotiations with Spain a few days after Leicester arrived in Holland [107] was contrary to Leicester wanting and expecting that the Dutchman fight on active.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

On the other hand, Elizabeth wanted Leicester to “as much as possible avoid absolute action against the enemy”. [108]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He angered Elizabeth by accepting the post of Governor-General from the Dutch Council of State.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth saw this as a Dutch plan to force her to accept her sovereignty over the Netherlands, [109] which she has so far always resisted.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He wrote to Leicester: We never imagined (if we did not see it unfolding) that a person raised by us alone and so privileged by us, above other subordinates in the land, would so despicably violate our commandments in the interests of which very touching our honor...


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

And then our pleasure and brief order is, with the exclusion of all delays and pretexts, that you immediately based on your compliance obligations comply with and fulfill anything directed by the holder of office on our behalf.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

So that you do not fail, because you will answer the contrary at your own risk. [110]”


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's” order was for her envoy to read out her letters of disapproval publicly before the Staten-Generaal der Nederlanden, and Leicester should stand nearby. [111]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The embarrassment of “Lieutenant-General” Elizabeth in the public advance was exacerbated by the continuing of peace negotiations with Spain, [112] which severely dropped her position in the eyes of the Dutch.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The military campaign in Holland itself was severely hampered because Elizabeth continued to refuse to send funds she had promised to her starving soldiers.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His reluctance to commit, the limitations of Licester as a political and military leader, and the chaotic and fractious political situation of the Netherlands were due to the failure of the English military campaign in the Netherlands. [113]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Leicester finally resigned in December 1587.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Spanish fleet Meanwhile, Sir Francis Drake launched attacks on Spanish ports and ships in the Caribbean in 1585 and 1586, and in 1587 he successfully attacked Cadiz and destroyed Spanish ships intent on attacking England [114] (Felipe II had decided to fighting against the British). [115]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

On 12 July 1588, the Spanish Armada sailed to the English Channel to transport a Spanish army led by the Duke of Parma from the Netherlands to the southeast coast of England.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

As a result of miscalculation, [116] worthlessness, and an attack by English fireships on 29 July at Gravelines that beset the Spanish ships to the northeast, the Spanish Armada was defeated. [117]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The scattered Spanish ships struggled to return to Spain; some ships tried to return through the North Sea and then over the west coast of Ireland, but many were shipwrecked. [118]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Not yet knowing the fate of the Spanish Armada, the English militia was deployed to defend the country under the command of Earl Leicester.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He invited Elizabeth to inspect his soldiers at Tilbury, Essex, on 8 August.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Wearing a silver plastron over a white velvet dress, he made a speech: My beloved people, we have been convinced by some who are careful in maintaining our security, to pay attention to how we trust the troops in large numbers out of fear of betrayal; yet I assure to you, I do not intend to distrust my faithful and beloved people...


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

I know I have a weak female body, yet I have the heart and stomach of a king, and a King of England too, and think of the foul scorn if Parma or Spain or any Prince of Europe dare to invade the borders of my kingdom. [119]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

When the invasion doesn't happen, the people rejoice.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's procession to the mass of thanksgiving at St. Paul's Cathedral rivaled her comprehension ceremony. [118]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The defeat of the Spanish Armada became a potent propaganda of victory, both for Elizabeth and the Protestants in England.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The British viewed it as an emblem of God's generosity and English inviolability under a virgin queen. [102]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, this victory did not become the turning point of the war as Spain remained superior. [120]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Spain was still in control of the Netherlands and the threat of invasion was still there. [115]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Sir Walter Raleigh claimed after Elizabeth's death that Elizabeth's cautious nature precluded war against Spain: If the dead queen trusted her army as she trusted her author, in her time we would have defeated the great imperium into pieces and made their kings kings the kings of figs and oranges as they were in the past.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

But His Majesty did everything half-heartedly, and through petty invasions taught the Spanish how to defend themselves and see their own weaknesses. [121]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Although some historians also criticized Elizabeth on similar grounds, [122] Raleigh's statement was considered unfair.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth had good reason in her decision not to trust her commanders too much, who, as Elizabeth herself said, tended to “behave arrogantly” in battle. [123]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Supporting Henri IV of France When the Protestant Henri IV inherited the throne of France in 1589, Elizabeth gave him military support.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This military campaign was the first military campaign in France following the retreat of the English army from Le Havre in 1563.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Henri's power was opposed by the Catholic League and Felipe II, so Elizabeth feared that Spain would seize the ports in the straits.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, the British military campaign in France was unorganized and ineffective. [124]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Lord Willoughby who tended to ignore Elizabeth's orders ventured in Northern France with 4,000 soldiers without giving much impact.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He resigned chaotically in December 1589 after losing half his army.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1591, John Norreys's military campaign to Bretagne consisting of 3,000 soldiers instead ended worse.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was unwilling to give the supplies and assistance requested by the commander of the military expedition, so Norreys personally returned to London to plead for more support.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In his absence, the Catholic League nearly destroyed the rest of its army in Craon, northwestern France, in May 1591.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In July, Elizabeth sent another expedition under the lead of Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex to help Henri IV besiege Rouen.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The results were also depressing.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Essex managed to achieve nothing and returned in January 1592, while Henri broke the siege in April. [125]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

As usual, Elizabeth had no control over her commanders while they were overseas.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth wrote regarding Essex, “where he was, or what he did, or what he would do, we do not know”. [126]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Ireland Although Ireland was one of her two kingdoms, Elizabeth faced a hostile, autonomous Irish population [127] adhering to Catholicism, and willing to defy her power and connive with the enemy.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's policy in Ireland was to give land to her court men and ensure that the rebels did not give Spain a base from which to attack England. [128]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In a series of rebellions, the royal army launched scorched earth tactics that burned the ground and killed men, women, and children.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

During the rebellion in Munster led by Gerald FitzGerald, Earl Desmond in 1582, approximately 30,000 Irish were killed by starvation.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Poet and colonist Edmund Spenser wrote that the casualties were “brought to such a deplorable state that whoever is stone-hearted will also regret it”. [129]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth admonished her commander that Ireland, “that rude and barbaric nation”, be treated well; however, she was unapologetic when violence and bloodshed were deemed necessary. [130]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Between 1594 to 1603, Elizabeth suffered her toughest test in Ireland due to the Nine Years' War, a rebellion that took place during the war with Spain, in favour of the rebellion's leader, Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone. [131]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In the spring of 1599, Elizabeth sent Robert Devereux, Second Earl of Essex, to quell the rebellion.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He did not make much progress and defied Elizabeth's orders by returning to England, leaving Elizabeth frustrated. [132]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Essex was then replaced by Charles Blount, Lord Mountjoy, who needed three years to quell the rebellion.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

O'Neill finally surrendered in 1603, a few days after Elizabeth's death. [133]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Soon after, a peace treaty between Britain and Spain was signed.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's Russia nevertheless continued diplomatic relations with Russian Ketsaran pioneered by her dead brother.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He often wrote letters to Russian Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich, although Ivan was often annoyed that Elizabeth was more focused on trade than military communion.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Tsar had even proposed it, and towards the end of his time in power had asked for a guarantee of asylum in England when his power was threatened.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After Ivan died, he was succeeded by his son Feodor.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Unlike his father, Feodor was not interested in passing on exclusive British trading rights.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Feodor declared that his kingdom was open to all foreigners, and rejected the British ambassador Sir Jerome Bowes, who had previously tolerated his hubris by Ivan.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth sends new ambassador Dr. Giles Fletcher to ask Boris Godunov's guardian that he convince the Tsar to reconsider.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Those negotiations failed because Fletcher greeted Feodor without mentioning his two titles.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth continued to send letters that were half pleading, half reproachful.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He proposed communion, but Feodor refused. [134]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Berber States and the Ottoman Sultanate Under Elizabethan rule, trade and diplomatic relations with the Berber countries flourished. [136] [137] Although banned by the pope, Britain pioneered trade relations with Morocco to oppose Spain; Britain sold armor, ammunition, wood, and metal, while Morocco sent sugar. [138]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In 1600, Abdul Wahid bin Mas'ud, principal secretary of Moroccan ruler Begin Ahmad al-Mansur, visited England as ambassador to the court of Queen Elizabeth I, [136] [139] to legislate the British-Moroccan Guild to fight against Spain. [135] [136] Elizabeth “agreed to sell supplies munition to Morocco, and he and Begin Ahmad al-Mansur continued to discuss joint operations against Spain”. [140]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, discussions did not reach a conclusion, and both rulers died within a period of two years after the ambassadors were sent. [141]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Sultanate were also pioneered with the establishment of the Levant Company and the sending of the first English ambassador to the Ottomans, William Harborne, in 1578. [140]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

For the first time, Trade Tracts were signed in 1580. [142]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Several envoys were sent from both sides, while Elizabeth and Sultan Murad III exchanged letters. [140]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In one letter, Murad states that Islam and Protestantism have “more in common than with the Roman Catholic Church, for both reject idolatry”, and invites England to ally with the Ottomans. [143]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The British exported tin and lead (for cannons) and ammunition to the Ottoman Sultanate, much to the dismay of Europe.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth also seriously discussed joint military operations with Murad III during the war against Spain in 1585, while Elizabeth's principal secretary Francis Walsingham lobbied the Ottomans to participate in the war against Spain which was a common enemy. [144]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The final years of the Period following the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 was a difficult period for Elizabeth. [120]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Conflicts with Spain and Ireland still persisted, the tax burden was getting heavier, and the economy was sluggish as a result of poor harvests and war costs.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Prices rose and living standards fell. [145] [146] In this time, the oppression of Catholics grew more intense, and Elizabeth in 1591 allowed a commission to interrogate and supervise Catholic households. [147]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

To maintain the illusion of peace and well-being, he increasingly relies on internal spying and propaganda. [145]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In its final years, the strengthening of criticism showed a slumping public fondness towards him. [148]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

One of the causes of this Elizabethan “second period of power" [149] was the changing character of Elizabeth's governing body in the 1590s. A new generation by then has come to power.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

With the exception of Lord Burghley, most important politicians had died by 1590: the Earl of Leicester in 1588; Sir Francis Walsingham in 1590; and Sir Christopher Hatton in 1591. [150]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The feud between factions in the government, which did not need to be noticed before the 1590s, [151] is now a serious problem. [152]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

There was a dispute between the Earl of Essex and Robert Cecil (son of Lord Burghley), while rivalries fighting for power in government desegregated politics. [153]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The personal authority of the queen diminished, [154] as happened in the case of Dr. Lopez (who was Elizabeth's personal physician) in 1594.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

When Dr. Lopez was accused of betrayal by Earl Essex (which was actually caused by personal pique), Elizabeth was unable to save him from the death penalty, although she was angry at his arrest and did not believe he was guilty. [155]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In Elizabeth's last years, he granted monopoly rights as a cost-free system of protection, rather than asking for more subsidies from Parliament in wartime. [156]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This practice soon gave rise to price fixing, the richer the palace people to the detriment of the people, and public outrage. [157]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

This caused upheaval in the House of Commons in 1601. [158]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In his Golden Speech on 30 November 1601 at Whitehall Palace, he told 140 members of the termination that he was ignorant of the existence of the practice of abuse, and managed to obtain their support with promises and use of emotion: [159] And because for us there is nothing more precious from guarding the hearts of our subordinates, how unworthy of doubt we might have made if the abusers of our generosity, the enslavers of our people, the extortionists of the poor, were not told to us! [160]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, this period of economic and political uncertainty was also coupled with the development of English literature. [161]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Signs of a new literary movement appeared by the end of the second decade of Elizabethan's reign, with the appearance of John Lyly's Euphues and Edmund Spenser's The Shepheardes Calender in 1578.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

During the 1590s, several great props had reached maturity, including William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In this period and towards the time of James I's rule, English theatre reached its peak of glory. [162]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The literary fame of the Elizabethan Era depended on the builders, playwriters, poets, and musicians active at the time.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The queen did not have much effect because she was never a proponent of art. [163]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

With Elizabeth's aging, her image slowly changed.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

She is described as Belphoebe or Astraea, and after the defeat of the Spanish Armada as Gloriana, who is the forever young Faerie Queene in Edmund Spenser's poetry.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His portrait paintings became less realistic and more of an icon that made him appear younger.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In fact, his skin was infested by smallpox in 1562, so he was half-bald and reliant on false hair and cosmetics. [164]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Sir Walter Raleigh called her “a woman struck by time”. [165]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, despite Elizabeth's beauty, courtiers praised her more and more. [164]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was happy to play her part, [166] but it is likely that at the end of her lifetime she began to believe in her own performance.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He begins to like Robert Devereux (who is young but enchanting) and becomes very gracious to him.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Robert who was Leicester's stepson began to become too friendly with Elizabeth to show less respect, especially in sexual matters; however, Elizabeth forgave him. [167]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He several times gave him military posts although he continued to show his irresponsibility.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

After Essex abandoned his duties in Ireland in 1599, Elizabeth made him house arrest and in the following year revoked his monopoly rights. [168]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In February 1601, the Earl of Essex tried to foment a rebellion in London.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He intended to detain the queen, but there was little to support her, so she was besieged on 25 February.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth realized that her mistake took part in this event.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

An observer reported in 1602 that “His penchant was to sit in darkness, and occasionally shed tears for crying over Essex”. [169]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The death of Elizabeth's senior Counsel, Burghley, died on 4 August 1598.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

His political influence was passed to his son, Robert Cecil, who soon became the leader of the government. [170]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

One of his tasks is to prepare a successor.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Since Elizabeth would never name a successor, Cecil was forced to do so secretly. [171] So he entered into secret negotiations with James VI of Scotland, who had a strong, although unacknowledged claim. [172]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Cecil suggested to the impatient James to treat Elizabeth kindly and inoffensive as to who would be successor. [173]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The suggestion worked and James succeeded in pleasing Elizabeth. [174]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The queen's health was fine until the autumn of 1602, when the deaths of her friends left Elizabeth depressed.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

By February 1603, the death of Catherine Howard, niece of her cousin and Catherine's close friend, Lady Knollys, greatly impacted Elizabeth.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In March, Elizabeth fell ill and remained in a “fixed and indefensible pilu”. [175]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

He died on 24 March 1603 at Richmond Palace between two or three o'clock in the morning.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

A few hours later, Cecil and the council launched his plan and declared James VI of Scotland to be James I of England. [176]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth's coffin was carried at night to Whitehall Palace by means of a ship lit by torches.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

At his funeral procession on 28 April, his coffin was carried into Westminster Abbey by a hearse carriage drawn by four horses wearing black velvet.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

According to the chronicler John Stow who attended the funeral: Westminster was filled with assorted people in their streets, houses, windows, roofs, and gutters, who came to see the cemetery, and when they saw his statue lying on top of his coffin, there was a long breath, moans, and cries that have never been seen or known in human memory. [177]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was buried in Westminster Abbey in the same cubicle as Mary.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The Latin inscription on their tomb, “Regno consortes & urna, hic obdormimus Elizabetha et Maria sorores, in spe resurrectionis”, means “Partner on the throne as well as in the tomb, here we reside, Elizabeth and Mary, two brothers, expecting a resurrection”. [178]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Historical remains and memories Many of Elizabeth's subordinates are mourning her death, but some are relieved. [180]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Expectations for King James were initially high, but later declined, so that in the 1620s appeared a nostalgic Elizabethan cult. [181]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabeth was hailed as a Protestant hero and ruler of the golden age, while James was portrayed as a Catholic sympathizer who presided over a corrupt palace. [182]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The triumfalist image that Elizabeth acquired towards the end of her period of power, as opposed to factionalism and economic and military hardship, [183] was accepted as it was and her reputation increased.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Godfrey Goodman, Bishop of Gloucester, abbreviated: “When we experienced Scottish rule, the queen seemed to come to life.


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Then his memories were further magnified. “[184]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Elizabethan's period of power was idealized as a time when the ruler, church, and parliament were in constitutional balance. [185]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

The images of Elizabeth painted by her Protestant admirers in the early 17th century proved durable and influential. [186]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Memories of Elizabeth also resurfaced during the wars of the Napoleonic era, when Britain was once again on the verge of being invaded. [187]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

In the Victorian era, Elizabethan legends were adapted into daily imperial ideology, [180] [188] and by the mid-20th century, Elizabeth was a romantic symbol of national resistance to foreign threats. [189] [190] Historians of the time, such as J. E. Neale (1934) and A. L. Rowse (1950), interprets Elizabeth's period of power as a golden century and progress. [191]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

Neale and Rowse personally also idealized the queen: Elizabeth always did everything right; her less pleasant traits were ignored or perceived as signs of stress. [192]


Question: What was the name of the first British queen?

Elizabeth I of England

However, historians today have a more complicated view. [193]