Question: what is the area of Russia?

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Later times, Russian politics were melted with the interests of the Soviet Union which took an independent stance even opposed when there was the overthrow of power of Mikhail Gorbachev by Gennady Yanayev ahead of the Soviet Union's collapse initiated by President Boris Yeltsin.


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Government is held by a Kremlin-centered president as well as a prime minister in charge of parliament but with a limited role compared to the President.


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Since the defiance of Vice President Aleksander Ruskoi and the chairman of the parliament of Chechen origin, Ruslan Khasbulatov, the vice presidential institution was removed.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

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Parliament has two chambers, namely the Federal Assembly (Федеральное Собрание; Federalnoye Sobraniye) which is the upper house and lower house known as the Duma.


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Since Russia is a federal state that has a wide variety of ethnicities, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia experienced the problem of separatism.


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There are some ethnic groups that want to secede and result in protracted crises, such as in Chechnya and Ingushetia.


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Russia is also under threat over the expansion of NATO into Eastern European territory.


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Concerns over the elections in Ukraine, its cooperation with Belarus, plus the traditions in Russia that are considered compatible with the culture of centralization, democratization instead made Russia's self-esteem slump in the eyes of the world and caused a variety of turmoil and prolonged crisis.


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Russian administration can be divided into: Tsarist or Imperial Period USSR Period Russian President: Boris Yeltsin (1991-2000) Vladimir Putin (2000-2008) Dmitry Medvedev (2008-2012) Vladimir Putin (2012-present) Foreign relations of the Russian Federation in international law known as the successor state of the Soviet Union. [19]


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Russia continued the implementation of the Soviet Union's international commitments and took over the Soviet's permanent seat on the UN Security Council, membership in other international organizations, property along with its debts.


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Russia has a vibrant foreign policy.


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As of 2009, the country established diplomatic relations with 191 countries and had 144 embassies.


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Foreign policy is determined by the President and run by the Russian Foreign Ministry. [69]


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As the successor to the former superpower state, Russia's geopolitical status is often debated, especially in its unipolar and multipolar views within the global politicised system.


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Russia is generally accepted as a great power, although by some world leaders, [70] [71] scholars, [72] commentators and politicians [73] as a potential superpower. [74] [75] [76] As one of five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, Russia plays an important role in maintain the peace and security of the world.


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The country participates in the Middle East Quartet and the Six-Party Talks with North Korea.


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Russia is a member state of the G8, Council of Europe, OSCE, and APEC.


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Russia has also been a major cast in regional organizations such as CIS, EuraSec, CSTO, and SCO. [77]


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Russia became the 39th member state of the Council of Europe in 1996. [78]


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In 1998, Russia ratified the European Convention on Human Rights.


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The legal basis for the EU's relations with Russia is the Cooperative and Cooperation Treaty of 1997. [79]


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Since the end of the Soviet Union, Russia developed a more friendly relationship with the United States and NATO.


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The NATO-Russia Council was established in 2002 so that the United States, Russia, and 27 other NATO countries could cooperate in the future. [80]


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Russia forges strong and positf relations with other BRIC countries.


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India is the largest consumer of the Russian military and the two countries share extensive defense and strategic relations. [81]


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In recent years, the country has also established strong bilateral relations with China by signing the Friendship Tract and building the Trans-Siberian oil pipeline and gas pipeline from Siberia to China. [82] [83] The Russian Military Military is divided into the Army, Navy, and Utata Force.


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There are also 3 independent armed forces: Strategic Rocket Division, Aviation Defense Force, and Airborne Troops.


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In 2006, the military had 1.037 million active personnel. [84]


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Conscription is valid for all men ages 18-27 for a year. [49]


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Russia has the largest nuclear weapons reserves in the world.


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The country has the world's second largest fleet of ballistic missile submarines and countries other than the United States have modern strategic bombers. [24] [85] Russia's tank fleet is also the largest in the world, as well as their navy and air force.


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The country has a large defense industry, producing mostly military equipment with only a small percentage of weapons imported.


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Russia is one of the world's major arms providers since 2001, holding about 30% of world arms sales [86] and exporting arms to 80 countries. [87]


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The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) notes that Russia was the world's second largest arms exporter in 2010-14, the value of their exports up 37% period 2005-2009.


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In 2010-14, Russia delivered weapons to 56 countries and rebel forces in eastern Ukraine. [88]


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The Russian government's military spending budget in 2014 was about 2.49 trillion Rubles (about US$69.3 billion), the third largest in the world after the US and China.


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This military spending rose to 3.03 trillion rubles (about US$83.7 billion) in 2015, and 3.36 trillion rubles (about US$93.9 billion) in 2016. [89]


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However, unofficial military budget estimates are apparently much higher, for example data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) in 2013 estimated Russia's military spending in 2012 at around US$90.749 billion. [90]


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Up from 2011, SIPRI estimated at US$71.9 billion. [91]


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As of 2014, Russia's military budget is highest among other European countries.


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According to the 2012 Global Peace Index, Russia is the country with the sixth lowest level of peacefulness out of 162 countries in the world, mainly due to the presence of defense industries.


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Russia has always ranked bottom on the index since it came into existence in 2007. [92]


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The administrative division of the Russian Federation consists of 83 federal subjects, composed of 21 republics that enjoy autonomy on a large scale within most spheres as well as divided according to specific ethnicity-ethnicities, nominally autonomies each of which has its own constitution, president, and parliament.


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The Republic is allowed to drip its own original language next to Russian, but it is represented by the government at international relations.


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Republic means home to ethnic minorities in Russia.


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See: list of republics in Russia 46 oblasts (provinces), constituting the most common type of federal subject with federally appointed governors and elected legislators locally.see: list of oblasts in Russia 10 krai (regions), 9 krais/ territories: in general the same as autonomous oblasts, design territorial is historical, originally given to the outer and final regions also on administrative divii consisting of autonomous okrugs and autonomous oblasts.


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See: list of krai in Russia 3 okrug (autonomous districts), originally autonomous entities with oblast and krai created based on minority ethnicity.their status was elevated to federal subject in 1990 with the exception of Chukotka autonomous oblast, all autonomous oblasts still administratively become section.see: list of okrugs in Russia and one autonomous oblast.


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In addition, there are also two federal cities (Moscow and St. Petersburg).


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There is also a division by federal district (federalny okrug), in which Russia is divided into eight federal districts.


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This federal district is a ladder between the subject government and the federal government.


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Districts there are 8, each administrated by an ambassador appointed by the president of Russia.


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Unlike federal subjects, the federal district is not a sub-national level of government, but an administrative tier of the federal government.


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Federal district ambassadors run the relationship between the federal subject and the government.


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In charge of overseeing the relationship of federal subject fulfillment with federal law.


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The Russian economy belongs to a high-income market economy with unusually large natural resources, especially oil and natural gas.


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The country ranks 15th by nominal GDP and ranks 6th according to the balance of shopping ability (PPP).


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Since the beginning of the 21st century, increased domestic consumption and political stability brought economic growth in Russia.


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In 2008, growth began to slow as oil and gas prices collapsed.


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The country's GDP per capita was US$19,840 in 2010. [93]


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Growth was driven most by non-trade services and goods for the domestic market. [49]


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The average monthly salary in Russia was $967 per month in 2013, up from $80 in 2000. [94] [95] March 2014 the average monthly salary reached 30,000 RUR (or US$980), [96] [97] while the personal tax was 13%. [98]


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About 12.8% of the population lived below the national poverty line in 2011, [99] down significantly from the 40% figure of 1998 when the worst point in the post-Soviet collapse. [45]


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Unemployment in Russia was 5.45% in 2014, down from 12.4% in 1999. [100]


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The middle class rose from 88 million inhabitants in 2000 to 104 million in 2013. [101] [102] Sugar imports fell by up to 82% between 2012 and 2013 thanks to rising domestic production. [103] JMPL|ka|Russian economy since the end of the Soviet Union Oil, natural gas, metals, and timber account for more than 80% Russian exports out of the country. [49]


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Since 2003, exports of raw goods began to wane along with the improvement of the home market.


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Despite high energy prices, oil and gas accounts for only 5.7% of Russia's GDP. [104]


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Oil revenues allowed Russia to increase its foreign reserves from $12 billion in 1999 to $597.3 billion in 2008, the world's third-largest. [105]


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Macroeconomic policy under Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin was wise and sound good, excess income was deposited in the Russian Stabilization Fund. [106]


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In 2006, Russia paid almost all of its large debts, [107] making it one of the countries with the lowest foreign debt among major countries. [108]


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The Stabilization Fund helped Russia exit the global financial crisis in much better shape than many experts predicted. [106]


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The simpler tax policy tried adopted in 2001 soared state revenues from taxes. [109]


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The tax rate in Russia is subject to a flat rate of 13%.


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This places Russia as the 2nd most attractive personal tax system in the world after the United Arab Emirates. [110]


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According to Bloomberg, Russia is considered more advanced than any other natural resource-rich country, with a good tradition of education, science, and industry. [111]


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The country has the best college graduate rate among other countries in Eurasia. [112]


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Energy In recent years, Russia has often referred to the media as an energy superpower. [113] [114] The country has the largest natural gas reserves in the world, [115] the 8th largest oil reserves, [116] and the second largest coal reserves. [117]


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Russia is the largest natural gas exporter [118] and the second largest natural gas producer, [23] also the largest oil exporter and oil producer. [22]


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Russia is the world's 3rd largest electricity producer [119] and the world's 5th largest producer of renewable energy, the country develops large quantities of hydroelectric power plants. [120]


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Russia was the first country to develop civilian nuclear plants and build the world's first nuclear power plant.


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Currently Russia is the world's 4th nuclear energy producer. [121]


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All nuclear power in Russia is managed by Rosatom State Corporation.


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The sector is growing very fast, the government plans to raise its share of the nuclear market from 16.9% currently to 23% by 2020.


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The Russian government allocated 127 billion rubles in federal programs aimed at developing the latest nuclear technologies. [122]


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In May 2014, President Putin signed a contract on behalf of Gazprom to supply China with 38 billion cubic meters of natural gas per year.


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Pipeline construction has been approved by both sides with Russia bearing $55 billion of them, China $22 billion.


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Putin called it the “largest construction project in the world in the next 4 years”.


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Gas will start flowing between 2018-2020 and will continue to last for 30 years. [123]


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Transport Train transport in Russia is largely monopolistic controlled by Russian Railways.


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The company holds approximately 3.6% of Russia's GDP and holds 39% of total freight traffic (including gas pipelines) and more than 42% of passenger traffic. [124]


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The total length of railroads used reached 85,500km (53,127mi), [124] second only to the United States.


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Over 44,000km (27,340mi) of electrification, [125] the longest in the world, plus 30,000km (18,641mi) of industrial rail.


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The railroads in Russia are unlike in most countries, they use a 1,520mm (4ft1127−32in) wide sepur, with the exception on 957km-long (595mi) Sakhalin Island using 1,067mm (3ft6in).


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Russia's most famous train line is the Trans-Siberian (Transsib), stretching along 7 time zones and serving the longest single train services in the world, Moskwa—Vladivostok (9,259km (5,753mi)), Moskwa—Pyongyang (10,267km (6,380mi)) [126] and Kiev—Vladivostok (11,085km (6,888mi). 127]


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As of 2006 Russia has 933,000km of highways, 755,000km of which have been paved. [128]


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But with its huge area, road density in the country is still the lowest among the G8 and BRIC countries. [129]


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Most of Russia's 102,000km (63,380mi) waterway consists of natural rivers or lakes.


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The capital of Moscow is referred to as the “five-sea port” because it has 5 watercourses leading to the Baltic, White Sea, Caspian, Sea of Azov and Black Sea.


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Major ports in Russia include Rostov-on-Don on the Sea of Azov, Novorossiysk on the Black Sea, Astrakhan and Makhachkala in the Caspian, Kaliningrad and St. Petersburg in the Baltic, Arkhangelsk on the White Sea, Murmansk on the Barents Sea, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Vladivostok in the Pacific Ocean.


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In 2008 the country had 1,448 commercial fleet ships.


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The country also has a fleet of nuclear-powered icebreaking ships aiding economic exploitation on Russia's Arctic continental shelf and the development of sea trade via the Northern Sea Route between Europe and East Asia.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

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According to the total length of the gas pipeline, Russia is second only to the United States.


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Today many new pipeline projects are being worked on, including the Nord Stream and South Stream gas pipelines to Europe, and the East Siberian - Pacific Ocean (ESPO) oil pipeline to far eastern Russia and China.


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Russia has 1,216 airports, [131] some of the busiest including Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo, and Vnukovo in Moscow, and Pulkovo in St. Petersburg.


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By and large, major cities in Russia have good public transport systems and the most common are buses, trolleybuses and trams. 7 cities there: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Samara, Yekaterinburg, and Kazan, have underground metro, while Volgograd has an underground metro, while Volgograd has metrotram.


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The total length of metro lines in Russia reaches 465.4 kilometres (289.2mi).


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The Moscow Metro and Saint Petersburg Metro are the oldest metro in Russia, opened consecutively in 1935 and 1955.


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These two metro are among the busiest metro in the world and are renowned for their beautiful decor and design.


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Science and technology Science and technology began its uncle's rise in Russia since the Enlightenment Ages, when Pyotr I of Russia founded the Russian Academy of Sciences and Saint Petersburg State University, as well as polymatists Mikhail Lomonosov founded Moscow State University.


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They established the path of a strong tradition of learning and innovation.


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In the 19th and 20th centuries the country produced some notable scientists and inventors.


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Physical science in Russia began when Lomonosov proposed the law of immutability of matter that preceded the law of conservation of energy.


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Various discoveries from Russian physicists include electric arcs, Lenz's Law on electrodynamics, crystal space groups, solar cells, superfluids, Cherenkov radiation, electron paramagnetic resonance, heterotransistors and 3D holography.


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The laser and maser were invented by Nikolai Basov and Alexander Prokhorov, while the tokamak idea to control nuclear fusion was invented by Igor Tamm, Andrei Sakharov and Lev Artsimovich.


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Since Nikolay Lobachevsky put forward non-Euklides Geometry and the famous tutor Pafnuty Chebyshev, the Russian mathematician became one of the world's most influential. [132]


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Chebyshev's students include Aleksandr Lyapunov, who invented the modern theory of stability, and Andrey Markov who invented the Markov chain.


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In the 20th century, Soviet mathematicians such as Andrey Kolmogorov, Israel Gelfand, and Sergey Sobolev, made great contributions in the field of mathematics. 9 Soviet/Russian mathematicians earned the Fields Medal, the most prestigious award in mathematics.


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Not so long ago Grigori Perelman was awarded the Clay Millennium Prize Problems Award for his final proof of the Poincaré conjecture in 2002. [133]


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Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleev invented the periodic table, the main framework of modern chemistry.


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Aleksandr Butlerov is one of the creators of chemical structure theory widely used in organic chemistry.


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Biological scientists such as Dmitry Ivanovsky discovered viruses, Ivan Pavlov conducted first-time experiments with classical conditioning, and Ilya Mechnikov was the scientist who first researched immunity and probiotics.


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Many Russian scientists and inventors constitute émigrés, such as Igor Sikorsky who invented the first modern airliner and helicopter; Vladimir Zworykin as the father of TV; chemist Ilya Prigogine who is famous for his work on dissipative structures and complex systems; Nobel-winning economist Simon Kuznets and Wassily Leontief; physicist Georgiy Gamov (author of the Great Blast theory) and social scientist Pitirim Sorokin.


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Many foreigners long worked in Russia, such as Leonard Euler and Alfred Nobel.


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Some Russian inventions include electric welding by Nikolay Benardos, later developed by Nikolay Slavyanov, Konstantin Khrenov.


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Gleb Kotelnikov invented the knapsack parachute, whereas Evgeniy Chertovsky introduced pressurized clothing.


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Alexander Lodygin and Pavel Yablochkov were the inventors of the pencahay, and Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky introduced a three-phase electric power system that is in wide use today.


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Sergei Lebedev invented the first mass-produced synthetic rubber.


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Setun's first ternary computer was developed by Nikolay Brusentsov.


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In the 20th century, a great many Soviet engineers were experts in the field of aviation, inspired by the work by Nikolai Zhukovsky, Sergei Chaplygin and others.


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They designed hundreds of models of military as well as commercial aircraft and founded several companies that today merged into United Aircraft Corporation.


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Notable Russian-made commercial aircraft include Tupolev, Sukhoi and MiG, Kamov and Mil helicopters.


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Famous Russian battle tanks are the T34, the most produced tanks of World War II, [134] and T54/55, the most produced tanks in the world to date. [135]


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Mikhail Kalashnikov's AK47 and AK74 are the most widely produced assault rifles in the world. [136]


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However, since the late Soviet era, the country lagged behind Western countries in a number of technologies, especially in terms of energy conservation and finished goods production.


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The crisis of the 1990s caused state support of science to drop dramatically and many Russian scientists moved abroad.


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In the 2000s, after a new economic boom, science and technology in Russia recovered again.


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The government launched a campaign aimed at modernisation and innovation.


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Russian President at the time Dmitry Medvedev formulated the main priority of the country's technological development: Energy efficiency Information technology, including in it common products and combined products with space technology Nuclear power Pharmaceuticals [137] Currently Russia has completed the navigation system GLONASS satellites.


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The country is developing a fifth-generation fighter jet and building the world's first mobile nuclear power plant.


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Space exploration The achievements of Russians in the field of space technology and space exploration can be attributed to Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, the father of theoretical astronautics. [138]


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His work inspired many Soviet rocket engineers, such as Sergey Korolyov and Valentin Glushko and many more who contributed to the Soviet space program.


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In 1957, the first artificial satellite orbiting the earth, Sputnik 1, was launched.


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In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person to travel space.


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Many records of explorations carried out by Soviet astronauts, including the first spacewalk by Alexey Leonov, Luna 9 was the first spacewalk to land on the moon, Venera 7 first landed on Venus, Mars 3 first landed on Mars, the first space explorer Lunokhod 1 and the first space stations Salyut 1 and Mir.


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After the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union, several government-financed space exploration programs, including one of them the Buran spacecraft, were cancelled or postponed.


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Currently Russia is the most satellite launcher. [139]


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After the United States halted its shuttle program in 2011, Soyuz rockets became the sole provider of transportation for astronauts to the International Space Station.


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Education The educational system in Russia includes kindergarten (playgroup, from infant age 1 year to advanced kindergarten from the age of 3), secondary school (from the age of 7), “gymnasium” (a kind of secondary school with a wider curriculum), schools and vocational schools, colleges (institutes, universities and academies).


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The secondary school consists of 3 years of primary school, 6 years of primary secondary school and 2 years of full secondary school.


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There are specialized secondary schools where certain subjects take precedence, for example languages, mathematics, physics and others.


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A number of universities follow the Western system and have two ranks: BA (4 years) and MA (2 years) but mostly remain according to the old system, namely without BA and MA degrees (graduates are given qualifications only, e.g. school teachers, translators, engineers and others) with a tempo lessons 5-6 years.


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The number of public universities (1994) is more than 40, accompanied by 80 specialized universities (engineering, medical, teacher, agriculture) that used to be institutes only and more than 30 private universities.


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Russia has the world's most excellent college graduate rate, at 54%. [140]


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Russia has a free education system guaranteed to all residents by the Constitution, [141] but for admission subsidized higher education is highly competitive. [142]


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As a result of science- and technology-oriented education, medical, mathematical, natural science and aviation education in Russia is generally of good quality. [143]


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Since 1990, 11-year school education was introduced.


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State-owned secondary level school education is free.


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University-level education is free, with exceptions.


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Some incoming students pay full (many public universities have turned commercial in recent years). [144]


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In 2004, state spending on education reached 3.6% GDP or 13% of the state budget. [145]


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The government allocates funds to pay tuition according to the quota or number of students of each institution in the state.


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For higher education institutions, students pay for a stipendium and are provided with free residence when living outside the city. [146]


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The largest and oldest Russian universities are Moscow State University and Saint Petersburg State University.


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In the 2000s, in order to achieve equality of higher education and research institutes in its various regions, the government launched a program of founding “federal universities”, mostly formed by combining already existing regional universities with research institutes, then give them special funding.


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These new institutions include Higher School of Economics, Southern Federal University, Siberian Federal University, Kazan Volga Federal University, Northeast Federal University, and Far Eastern Federal University.


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Russian culture is a multicultural country influenced by a wide variety of cultures.


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The dominant culture there is the culture of the Greek Orthodox Church which has permeated into the joints of Russian folk life.


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Orthodox Slavic culture, Islamized Tatars, nomadic Buryat tribes, paganism in the Far East add to the diversity in Russia.


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Fine Arts Russian fine art can be divided into: Iconographic Art Figures: Andrei Rublev, Daniel Chyorny, Simeon Ushakov Painting Art The most famous figures: Wassily Kandinsky Architectural Art It has been known to Russia dating from the country of Novgorod Past to the time of Rus' Kiev.


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But the architecture was even more developed in the time of Vladimir-Suzdal, the Grand Justice of Moscow, the Russian Empire, the Union of Sovyet, until now, the Russian Federation.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Russian architecture consists of: Religioznye Postroiki or Religious Buildings/Религиозные Постройки, consisting of Churches, Mosques, Temples, Monasteries, and so on.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Orthodox influences are evident from the Cathedral of Saint Basil, the Catedral of Christ the Saviour, and so on.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Muslim influence is seen from Qolsharif Mosque, Islamic Thousand Year Anniversary Mosque, Nurullah Mosque and others.However, in Kazan, precisely in Kazan Kremlin there is a collabration between the art of Christianity and Islam that is unique even the only one in Russia.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Grazhdanskaya Arxitektura or ordinary architectural art.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Musical art The art of music in Russia flourished from traditional to modern times.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Here lists Russian musical developments: Russian Folk Music, figures: Nadezhda Plevitskaya, Lidya Ruslanova, Fyodor Shalypin, and others.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Symphonic music, figures:Mikhail Glinka, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov Music Jazz Music of Rok Russia, is a type of modern art in Russia.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Cuisine Original Russian dishes are cow orloff, beef Strogannof, chicken Kiev, Charlotte Russe, from the creations of French chefs.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Russian cuisine is also influenced by the Orthodox Church.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Russians make Shchi soup when they fast for meat, at christmas they make Kutia, at Easter they make Paskha.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Another food was Khumis which they learned from the Bashkir people of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Sauerkraut from cabbage fermentation eventually studied by the Tartars from China.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Other foods are Kholodets, Kotleta, Pierogi, Okroshka, Kvas, and vodka.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

JMPL|left|Great Fountain in Peterhof, a popular tourist destination in Saint Petersburg Tourism in Russia has grown rapidly since the late Soviet era, first domestic tourists then international tourists.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The main tourist destinations in Russia include trips around the Golden Ring, trips on major rivers such as the Volga, and long-distance trips such as the Trans-Siberian railway.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

In 2013, Russia was visited by 28.4 million tourists, 9th in the world and 7th in Europe. [147]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The number of Western tourists fell in 2014. [148] JMPL|The Motherland Calls in Volgograd is the tallest female statue in the world The most popular tourist destinations in Russia are Moscow and Saint Petersburg, the capital and former capital of the country.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

As World Cities, both cities have world-scale museums such as the Tretyakov Gallery and the Hermitage, famous theatres such as the Bolshoi and Mariinsky, historic churches such as the Cathedral of St. Basill, Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Saint Isaac's Cathedral and Church of the Savior on Blood, Impressive fortifications like the Kremlin and Peter and Paul Fortress, and famous grounds and avenues such as Red Square, Palace Square, Tverskaya Street and Nevsky Prospekt.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Palaces and luxurious gardens can be found in former imperial residences on the outskirts of Moscow (Kolomenskoye, Tsaritsyno) and St. Petersburg (Peterhof Palace, Strelna, Oranienbaum, Gatchina, Pavlovsk and Tsarskoye Selo).


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Moscow also houses a lot of former Soviet architecture along with modern skyscrapers.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The city of St. Petersburg is famous for its classical architecture, the abundance of rivers, canals, and bridges.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan, contains a mixture of Russian Christian culture and Muslim Tatar cultures.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The city has the brand Third Capital of Russia, although several other major cities also compete in it, such as Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The subtropical temperate warm Black Sea coast is a popular spot for sea resorts, such as Sochi which hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The mountains of the North Caucasus contain popular ski resorts such as Dombay.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The most popular natural destinations in Russia are Lake Baikal, the Blue Eye of Siberia.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

It is the oldest and deepest lake in the world, the water is clear and surrounded by mountains lined with taiga.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Other popular natural destinations are Kamchatka with volcanoes and geysers, Karelia with its lakes and granite rocks, the snowy Altai Mountains, and the wild steppes of Tyva.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Demographics Having a population of 142 million inhabitants until ranked 9th in the world population level brings Russia to be one of the countries with a fairly high population level.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Uniquely, Russia has a low population density due to its large area.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The highest population density is in the European hemisphere of Russia, in the Ural Mountains region and in the southwest of Siberia.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The southeastern part of Siberia that meets the Pacific Ocean is sparsely inhabited, while its southern part is the most populous.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

There are more than 160 different ethnic groups and indigenous tribes in Russia.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

According to the census of 2002, 79.8% of the inhabitants were of Russian tribes, 3.8% Tatars, 2% Ukrainian tribes, 1.2 Bashkir tribes, 1.1% Chuvash tribes, 0.9% Chechens, 0.8% Armenians. The remaining 10.3% included people who did not mention their tribe as well as 0.56% Avar tribes, 0.43% Azerbaijani tribes, 0.56% Belarusian tribe, Buryat tribe, Han tribe, Evenk tribe, 0.14% Ingush, Inuit tribe, Jews, 0.36% Kabardino tribe, Kalmyk tribe, 0.13% Karacay tribe, Karelian tribe, 0.45% Kazakh tribe, 0.20% Komi tribe, Korean tribe, 0.42% Mari tribe, Mordvin tribe, Nenetse tribe, 0.35% Ossetian tribe Polish tribes, 0.17% Tuvan tribes, Udmurt tribe, Uzbek tribe, Yakut tribe, and others.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Almost all of these groups live in their respective regions; only Russian tribes can be found in significant numbers in the entire region of the country.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Russian is the only official language of the country, but the republics in Russia often specify their regional language as the second official language alongside Russian.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Cyrillic alphabets are the only official form of writing.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

For example, the Russian Constitution allows Tatarstan to establish the Tatar language.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Russian is also an Official language in the United Nations, most books in the world are written in English and Russian Language The religion of the Russian Orthodox Church is the most dominant Christianity in Russia making up about 63-66% of the population.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

That made the Russian Orthodox Church the dominant religion in Russia .In fact, in 1997, the orthodox Church became part of Russian cultural heritage. 95% of Christians in Russia were registered in the Orthodox Church.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Islam is the second largest religion with a percentage of 5-6% or about 15-20 million, but that looks too much because according to Roman Silantyev there are only about 7-9 million people.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Other religions include various streams of Protestantism, Jews, Roman Catholicism, and Buddhism.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

One's religion generally depends on each other's ethnicity


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Russian tribes are mostly Orthodox while people descendants of Turkic groups are Muslim mainly in the states/Republics of Adygea, Bashkortostan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkessia, and Chechnya.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Buddhism is generally professed by the inhabitants of Buryatia, Kalmykia, Tuva, and Altai.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The religion of Altai Shamanism was professed by the Altai people.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Burkhanism by people in the Altai Republic.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

JMPL|Walking clinics providing health in remote train stations the Russian Constitution guarantees free universal health coverage for all citizens. [150]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

However, in practice, free healthcare costs are limited in part due to mandatory registration. [151]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Although Russia has a greater number of doctors, hospitals, and health workers than the average of any other country, [152], since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, in general, the health of the country's population has fallen due to social, economic, and lifestyle changes. [153]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Fortunately recently things have begun to improve, characterized by life expectancy has increased by 5.2 years (men) and 3.1 years (women) between 2006 and 2014. [154]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

As of 2014, life expectancy in Russia was 65.29 years for males and 76.49 years for females. [154]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

The biggest factor that makes for low male life expectancy is the high mortality rate in working-age males.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

These deaths are generally caused by alcohol poisoning, cigarettes, traffic accidents, and crime. [155]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

As a result, the gender imbalance in the country is quite high.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

There are only 0.859 males every 1 female in the country. [49]


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Reference See also AK-47 List of countries in the world Kasimov Sukhoi Kremlin Outlinks {{Country data {{{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size = | name = | altlink =national rugby union team | altvar =rugby union}} - Lower House (Duma) Transclusion error official website: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

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Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

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Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. - president official website {{Country data {{{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size = | name = | altlink =national rugby union team | altvar =rugby union}} - official government portal {{Country data {{{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size = | name = | altlink =national rugby union | altvar =rugby union}} Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

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Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

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Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: what is the area of Russia?

Russian

{{Country data {{{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size = | name = | altlink =national rugby union team | altvar =rugby union}} {{Country data {{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size = | name = | altlink =national rugby union team | altvar =rugby union} Category:Selected article geography stubs Category:G8 Countries Category:G20 Countries


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Chinese Flower Art is also called cha-hua (花) or hua-dao (花道) is an art of composing flowers in Chinese culture. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

History of flower art The history of flower utilization in China has begun since ancient times, likely since the development of cultivated life and the emergence of religious ceremonies. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Various supplies for flower cultivation have been found for a long time, including flower baskets and clay jambangan.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The Chinese in those days figured out how to cut flowers and put them in jambangan filled with water.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

From the very beginning, it has been able to be linked between flora to the history of the Chinese nation.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The first dynasty of China had another name, Hua Hsia.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Hua means “flourish” while Hsia means “flower season”.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Hua Hsia people named themselves Chung Hua or a developing nation that is in the middle of (another nation).


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The Han Dynasty period has known how to grow flowers in pots.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

In addition, at this time, the method of “warm house” is a way of maintaining a flower plant in a room that is warmed in the winter.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The period of the Sui Dynasty is recorded that Emperor Yang enjoyed paper and silk flower arrangements in his court during the winter.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Although the history of utilizing plants and flowers has long been developing, the art of composing flowers is thought to have been born during the Tang Dynasty. [2]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The garden is the source of inspiration for making flower arrangements. [2]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Not everyone is able to create a private garden in each house so there is a desire to create a small version of the garden, then this small garden is transformed into an indoor garden that is a miniature version of garden known as penjing or pentsai. [2]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Penjing is a tabletop plant art born in the 7th century Tang period. [2]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Not only indoors, the art of composing flowers flourished in the environment of Buddhist monks.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This art was introduced to Korea and Japan by Buddhist masters from Tang.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

In the 10th century of the Sung period, the art of flower arranging reached its golden age and refinement.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The nature of Sung's flower arrangements is more down to the romanticism of nature and impressionists. [2]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Since Ming times, flower art has become popular not only among monks but also performed by the nobility and literature.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The nobility has changed the form of flower art from Buddhist art to folk art, especially large families.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Literature Ming blends this art with the foundations of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

In Ming times and continuing into the Qing, elements as decorations were more widely added.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The main sources of Chinese flower arranging art are Chinese painting books containing paintings of flower arrangements along with their explanations.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The city famous for a long time as a flower art developer is Suzhou.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The city produced many Chinese floral and garden art books.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Apart from being part of religious rituals, flower arranging is also a pure art form for home interior decoration, fun, and beauty. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Flower arching is intended by revellers of natural beauty to replace nature moved into the house.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Floral arrangements are worn representing the forms of nature.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

In addition, according to Chinese belief, jambangan is a symbol of peace, so that the flower arrangement in the jambangan is also named by stringing peace or inviting peace. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The features of Symbolism are most important in Chinese floral art.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This symbolism means the selection and appreciation of the values or qualities of the character of the flower.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Flowers are ranked.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Flowers are also distinguished according to their containers, accessories and decor.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Chinese Flower Art that imitates natural forms does not have a certain style and shape, because the natural form has no fixed form, besides everyone has a free view of the beauty of nature. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Chinese Flower Art also attaches importance to balance, which is to seek a middle ground between positive and negative elements.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This balance is asymmetric.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

In general Chinese flower arrangements use only one kind of color.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Not good flower arrangements include flowers with a variety of colors and too luxurious.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The more flowers that are assembled the more covered in beauty, the fewer flowers are assembled the more it can look beauty.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Category Religious flow Religious flow art considers flowers and foliage to have magical powers.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Some types of plants that enter this category include liu (dedalu), peach blossom, lotus flower, bamboo, pomegranate flower and so on.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The main purpose of the religious stream is to present flower arrangements to Buddhas or goddesses.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This series is also named as a series of monks.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Art stream Art flow can be divided into Thang Hua Stream, Wen Ren Hua and Yuan. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Thang Hua Thang Hua stream uses materials that symbolize the ideal of big family life and come from a noble family environment.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Thang Hua means indoor flowers. [1]


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Thang Hua series are widely used for important and symbolic days including wedding ceremonies and feasts, demotion ceremonies, child birth ceremonies, new year, and so on.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Thang Hua array has no fixed shape, free and uses special meaningful flowers.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Wen Ren Hua The Wen Ren Hua stream or literary stream was popular in the Ming period.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This stream uses materials that do not contain symbolic meaning.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Literary series are worn on ordinary days and no longer breathe religiously.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This stream wears materials freely and then associates them with rhymes, the art of painting as a handle to find a form of circuit that is both natural and poetic.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

A simple rhyme over the painting is hung in front of a flower or plant arrangement.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

This combination was created by looking for similarities between plant objects and paintings.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Yuan Flow Yuan was created by Yuang Hung-tao, known also by the name Yuan Chung-lang (1568-1610) of the Ming Dynasty.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

The stream was introduced to Japan by Chen Yuan-pin (1587-1671) along with rhyme-writing and Ming ceramics.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

In Japan, Yuan-pin is known as Genpin.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Yuan Stream is known for its large floral arrangements.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

He attaches importance to naturalness and irregularity.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Flower arrangements are at most two types made as if grown from one stalk.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Other streams Shen Fu Kung An Shen Hua also see Ikebana, Japanese flower art.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Chinese Garden Penjing Outlink Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

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Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

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Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

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Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art


Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

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Question: Who created Chinese Flower Art?

Chinese Flower Art

Category Reference:Chinese Culture


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

JMPL|225px|Compost from rice straw Compost is the result of partial/incomplete decomposition of a mixture of organic ingredients that can be artificially accelerated by populations of a wide variety of microbes in warm, damp, and aerobic or anaerobic environmental conditions (Modification of J.H. Crawford, 2003).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Whereas composting is a process in which organic matter undergoes biological decomposition, specifically by microbial microbes that utilize organic matter as an energy source.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Making compost is to organize and control the natural process so that the compost can form faster.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

This process includes creating a balanced mixture of materials, adequate water feeding, aeration setting, and the addition of composting activators.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The waste consists of two parts, namely the organic and inorganic part.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The average percentage of waste organic matter reaches ± 80%, so composting is a suitable handling alternative.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost is very potential to develop given the higher amount of organic waste being dumped into landfills and causing odor pollution and the release of methane gas into the air.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

DKI Jakarta produces 6000 tons of waste every day, of which about 65% of it is organic waste.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

And of that amount, 1400 tons are generated by all markets in Jakarta, where 95% of it is organic waste.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Seeing the size of organic waste produced by the community, the potential to process organic waste into organic fertilizers for the sake of environmental sustainability and public welfare (Rohendi, 2005).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Introduction Naturally organic materials will undergo decomposition in nature with the help of microbes and other soil biota.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

But the naturally occurring composting process is long and slow.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

To accelerate this composting process have been developed many composting technologies.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Both simple, medium and high-tech composting.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

In principle the development of composting technology is based on the naturally occurring process of decomposition of organic matter.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The parsing process is optimized in such a way that composting can run more quickly and efficiently.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Today's composting technology is very important, especially to address the problem of organic waste, such as to address the problem of garbage in large cities, industrial organic waste, and agricultural and plantation waste.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Garbage composting technologies are very diverse, both aerobically and anaerobically, with or without composting activators.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composting activators that have been widely circulated include: PROMI (Promoting Microbes), OrgaDec, SuperDEC, ActiComp, BioPOS, EM4, Green Phoskko Organic Decomposer and SUPERFARM (Effective Microorganism) or using worms to get compost (vermicompost).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Each activator has its own advantages.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Aerobic composting is most widely used, as it is easy and inexpensive to perform, and does not require too difficult process control.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Decomposition of the material is carried out by microorganisms inside the material itself with the help of air.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Whereas anaerobic composting utilizes microorganisms that do not need air in degrading organic matter.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The end result of composting is a much-needed material for the benefit of agricultural soils in Indonesia, as an effort to improve the chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil, so that crop production becomes higher.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost produced from garbage composting can be used to strengthen critical land structures, re-fertilize farmland, re-fertilize petamanan soil, as garbage cover material in landfill, post-mining coastal ecclamation, and as a crop medium, and reduce use of chemical fertilizers.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composting raw materials are all materials containing carbon and nitrogen, such as animal manure, forage waste, municipal garbage, liquid sludge and agricultural industrial waste.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Here are presented ingredients that are commonly used as composting raw materials.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

AgricultureWaste and plant residuesStraw and rice husks, weeds, corn stalks and cobs, all vegetative parts of plants, banana stalks and coir. Impregnation & livestock residuesSolid manure, liquid livestock waste, animal feed waste, biogas liquids AiraZola plants, blue algae, crispy goiter, weeds air2.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Industrial Solid wasteWood sawdust, blotong, paper, bagasse, palm oil waste, food canning waste and animal cutting Liquid wasteAlcohol, paper treatment waste, palm oil treatment waste3.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

HouseWaste (solid) household and household municipal garbage. Solid and liquid Housewaste: Stool, urine, 4.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

MarketWaste (solid) traditional and modern market Solid and liquid Waste Market; Stool and urine Types of compost Worm compost (vermicompost), that is, compost made from organic matter digested by worms.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

What becomes fertilizer is the feces of the worm.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Bagase compost, which is a fertilizer made from bagasse residual sugar cane grinding in a sugar mill.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost bokashi.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The benefits of Compost Compost improve soil structure by increasing the organic matter content of the soil and will increase the ability of the soil to retain soil water content.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Soil microbial activity beneficial to plants will increase with the addition of compost.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

This microbial activity helps plants to absorb nutrients from the soil.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Soil microbial activity is also known to help plants face disease attacks.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Plants fertilized with compost also tend to be better in quality than plants fertilized with chemical fertilizers, such as making crops more store-resistant, heavier, fresher, and tastier.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost has many benefits reviewed from several aspects: Economic Aspects: Saving costs for transportation and waste stockpiling Reduces the volume/size of waste Has a higher selling value than its original material Environmental Aspects: Reduces air pollution due to waste combustion and release of methane gas from decomposing organic waste due to methanogen bacteria in landfills Reduces land need for stockpiling Aspects for soil/plants: Improving soil fertility Improves soil structure and characteristics Increases water absorption capacity by Improving soil microbial activity Improves the quality of crop yields (taste, nutritional value, and amount of harvest) Providing hormones and vitamins for plants Suppresses the growth/attack of plant diseases Improves nutrient retention/availability in the soil The role of organic matter to physical properties soil in between stimulates granulation, improves soil aeration, and improves water-retaining ability.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The role of organic matter to the biological properties of soil is to increase the activity of microorganisms that play a role in nitrogen fixation and the transfer of certain nutrients such as N, P, and S. The role of organic matter to the chemical properties of soil is to increase cation exchange capacity thus affecting uptake hara by plants (Gaur, 1980).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Several studies have been conducted regarding the benefits of compost for soil and plant growth.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Abdurohim's research, 2008, showed that compost provided elevated levels of Potassium in soils higher than potassium provided NPK fertilizer, but phosphorus levels showed no noticeable difference with NPK.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

This led to the growth of the plant he researched when it, caisin (Brassica oleracea), became better compared to NPK.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Handayani research results, 2009, based on Duncan test results, worm fertilizer (vermicompost) gives the best growth results in the growth of seedlings Salam (Eugenia polyantha Wight) in subsoil planting media.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The indicator is on the diameter of the rod, and so on.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The results also showed that the addition of inorganic fertilizers does not give any effect on the growth of seedlings, considering that subsoil planting medium is a planting medium with a low pH so nutrient absorption is not optimal.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost will increase soil organic matter to increase soil cation exchange capacity and affect nutrient uptake by the soil, even if the soil is sour.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

In an article published by the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural Institute mentioned that bagase compost (compost made from bagasse) applied to sugarcane crops (Saccharum officinarum L) increases nitrogen absorption significantly after three month of application compared to degan without compost, but there was no significant increase in the absorption of phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The use of bagase compost with inorganic fertilizers simultaneously does not increase the growth rate, height, and diameter of the stems, but is thought to increase the sugar rendement in sugarcane.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Basics of Composting Compostable Materials Basically all solid organic materials can be composted, for example: household organic waste, market/municipal organic waste, paper, feces/farm waste, agricultural wastes, agroindustrial wastes, plant waste paper, sugar mill waste, palm oil mill waste, etc.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Organic materials that are difficult to compost include: bones, horns, and hair.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The best material according to the size of time, to be made into compost is judged by the ratio of carbon and nitrogen in organic materials such as agricultural waste: bagasse and livestock manure as well as the above.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Organic material that has been prepared by Sinaga et al. (2010) from various mixtures with a ratio of C/N = 35.68 and the water content condition is 50.37%, the decomposition time obtained shortest 28 days compared to others.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composting Process The composting process will take place immediately after the raw ingredients are mixed.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The composting process can simply be divided into two stages, namely the active stage and the maturation stage.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

During the early stages of the process, oxygen and easily degraded compounds will soon be utilized by mesophilic microbes.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The temperature of the compost heap will rise rapidly.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Similarly it will be followed by an increase in compost pH.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The temperature will increase to above 50 - 70 oC.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The temperature will remain high for a certain time.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Microbes active in this condition are Thermophilic microbes, that is, microbes that are active at high temperatures.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

At this time there is a very active decomposition/decomposition of organic matter.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The microbes inside the compost using oxygen will decompose organic matter into CO2, water vapor and heat.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Once most of the material has decomposed, then the temperature will gradually decrease.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

At this time there is an advanced maturation of compost, that is, the formation of humus clay complexes.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

During the composting process there will be shrinkage of the volume and biomass of the material.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

This reduction can reach 30— 40% of the initial volume/weight of the material.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The composting process can occur aerobically (using oxygen) or anaerobically (no oxygen).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The process described earlier is an aerobic process, in which microbes use oxygen in the process of decomposition of organic matter.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The process of decomposition can also occur without the use of oxygen called the anaerobic process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

However, this process is undesirable, because during the composting process will be produced an unpleasant odor.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The anaerobic process will produce unpleasant smelling compounds, such as: organic acids (acetic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, puttrecine), ammonia, and H2S.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Table of organisms involved in the composting process The composting process depends on: Characteristics of the composted material The composting activator used Composting method performed Factors influencing the composting process Each organism degrades organic matter requires different environmental conditions and materials.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

If the conditions are appropriate, the decomposer will work hard to decompose organic solid waste.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

If the conditions are poorly suited or unsuitable, then the organism will dormant, move elsewhere, or even die.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Creating optimum conditions for the composting process largely determines the success of the composting process itself.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Factors that promote the composting process include: C/N ratio The effective C/N ratio for the composting process ranges from 30:1 to 40:1.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Microbes break down compound C as an energy source and use N for protein synthesis.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

At the ratio of C/N among 30 s/d 40 microbes get enough C for energy and N for protein synthesis.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

When the C/N ratio is too high, microbes will lack N for protein synthesis so decomposition proceeds slowly.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Generally, the main problem of composting is at a high C/N ratio, especially if the main ingredients are materials that contain high levels of wood (sawn scraps, twigs, bagasse, etc.).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

To lower the C/N ratio special treatment is required, for example adding cellulotic microorganisms (Toharisman, 1991) or by adding animal feces because animal feces contain many nitrogen compounds.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Particle Size Microbial activity is between the surface of the area and the air.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Surfacing a larger area will increase contact between microbes with materials and the decomposition process will proceed faster.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Particle size also determines the magnitude of space between materials (porosity).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

To increase the surface area can be done by reducing the particle size of the material.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Rapid composting aeration can occur under sufficiently oxygenated (aerobic) conditions.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Aeration will naturally occur at a time when there is an increase in temperature causing warm air to escape and colder air into the compost heap.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Aeration is determined by the porosity and water content of the material (moisture).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

If aeration is inhibited, then there will be anaerobic processes that will produce an unpleasant odor.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Aeration can be increased by performing reversals or running air inside the compost heap.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Porosity Porosity is the space between particles inside a compost heap.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Porosity is calculated by measuring the volume of the cavity divided by the total volume.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

These cavities will be filled by water and air.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Air will suplay Oxygen for composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

If the cavity is saturated by water, the oxygen supply will decrease and the composting process will also be disrupted.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Moisture (Moisture content) Humidity plays a very important role in the process of microbial metabolism and indirectly affects oxygen supply.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Microoranism can utilize organic matter when it dissolves in water.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Humidity 40 - 60% is the optimum range for microbial metabolism.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

If humidity is below 40%, microbial activity will decrease and will be lower again at 15% humidity.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

When the humidity is greater than 60%, nutrients will be leached, the volume of air decreases, as a result of which microbial activity will decrease and there will be anaerobic fermentation that causes unpleasant odors.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Temperature/Temperature Heat results from microbial activity.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

There is a direct relationship between the increase in temperature with oxygen consumption.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The higher the temperature will be the more oxygen consumption and the faster the decomposition process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

An increase in temperature can occur quickly on the compost heap.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Temperatures ranging from 30 - 60oC indicate rapid composting activity.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Temperatures higher than 60oC will kill some of the microbes and only thermophilic microbes will still survive.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The high temperature will also kill plant pathogenic microbes and weed seeds. The pH of the composting process can occur over a wide pH range.Optimum pH for composting process ranges from 6.5 to 7.5.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The self-composting process will lead to changes in the organic matter and the pH of the material itself.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

For example, the process of acid release, temporally or locally, will lead to a decrease in pH (acidification), while the production of ammonia from nitrogen-containing compounds will increase the pH in the early phases of composting.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The nutrient content of P and K is also important in the composting process and is usually contained in composts from farms.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

These nutrients will be utilized by microbes during the composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Content of Hazardous Materials Some organic matter may contain ingredients that are harmful to microbial life.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Heavy metals such as Mg, Cu, Zn, Nickel, Cr are some of the materials that belong to this category.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Heavy metals will undergo immobilization during the composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Duration of composting The length of composting time depends on the characteristics of the material being composted, the composting method used and with or without the addition of a composting activator.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Naturally composting will take place within a few weeks to 2 years until the compost is fully cooked.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Table of Optimal Conditions for accelerating the composting process (Ryak, 1992) The Strategy of Accelerating the Composting Process can be accelerated by several strategies.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

In general, strategies to speed up the composting process can be grouped into three, namely: Anypulate conditions/factors that have an effect on the composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Adding Organisms that can speed up the composting process: microbes degrading organic matter and vermicompost (worms).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Combining the first and second strategies.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Manipulating Strtegi Composting Conditions was widely done at the beginning of the development of composting technology.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composting conditions or factors are made as optimum as possible.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

For example, the optimum C/N ratio is 25-35:1.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

To make this condition ingredients containing high C/N ratios are mixed with ingredients containing low C/N ratios, such as cattle manure.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The large size of the material is chopped so that it is quite small size and ideal for composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Materials that are too dry are given additional water or materials that are too wet are first dried before the composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Similarly for other factors.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Using Composting Activators A more advanced strategy is to utilize organisms that can speed up the composting process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Organisms that have been widely utilized for example earthworms.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The composting process is called vermicompost and the resulting compost is known as cascing.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Other organisms that are widely used are microbes, both bakeri, actinomicetes, maupuan kapang/boletus.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Currently on the market there are many circulating composting activators, for example: Marros Bio-Activa, Green Phoskko (GP-1), Promi, OrgaDec, SuperDEC, ActiComp, EM4, Stardec, Starbio, BioPOS, and others.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Promi, OrgaDec, SuperDEC, and ActiComp are the research results of Indonesian Plantation Biotechnology Research Center (BPBPI) and currently have been widely utilized by the community.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

While MARROS Bio-Activa was developed by soil microbial researchers incorporated in a private company.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

This composting activator uses selected microbes that have a high ability to degrade organic solid wastes, namely: Trichoderma pseudokoningii, Cytopaga sp, Trichoderma harzianum, Pholyota sp, Agraily sp and FPP (fungi white focker).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

These microbes act actively at high temperatures (thermophilic).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Activators developed by BPBPi do not require additional other ingredients and without periodic stirring.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

However, the compost needs to be closed/hood to maintain temperature and humidity for the composting process to run optimally and quickly.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composting can be accelerated up to 2 weeks for soft/easy to compose ingredients up to 2 months for hard/hard to compost ingredients.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Manipulating Conditions and Adding Composting Activator The strategy of the currently widely developed composting process is combining the two strategies above.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composting conditions are made as optimal as possible by adding composting activators.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Considerations for determining composting strategies Often cannot implement the entire composting strategy above at the same time.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

There are several considerations that can be used to determine the composting strategy: The characteristics of the materials to be composted.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Time available for compost making.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Necessary costs and achievable results.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Difficulty level of composting Aerobic composting Equipment The equipment required in aerobic composting consists of equipment for material handling and safety and health protection equipment for workers.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Here is presented the equipment used.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Air tunnels (Air Ducts) Used as the base of piles and air ducts Made of bamboo and wooden reinforcing frame Dimensions: length 2m, width ¼ - ½ m, height ½ m Angle: 45o Can be used to hold materials 2 — 3 tons Shovel Auxiliary tools in sieving and other tasks Fork/ shell Used to assist in the process of reversing material piles and waste sorting filter/sieve Used to sift the mature compost to obtain the appropriate size The sieve hole size is adjusted to the desired compost size The sieve can take the form of a filter board tilted or swivel sieve Thermometer Used to measure the temperature of the pile At the end is installed a rope to stretch the thermometer to the inside of the pile and pull it back quickly Should use an alcohol thermometer (not mercury) so as not to contaminate the compost if broken thermometer Scales Used to measure compost to be packed to the desired weight Types of scales can be adjusted to the needs of weighing and packaging Boots Used by workers to protect feet during work to avoid harmful materials Gloves Used by workers to protect hands during material sorting and for other activities that require hand protection Masks Used by workers to protect breathing from dust and other flying material gases Composting can also use machine tools which is more advanced and modern.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composter type Rotary Kiln, for example, functions in providing oxygen intake (aeration intensity), maintaining humidity, temperature and turning materials practically.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Composter type Rotary Klin on the market is present with a capacity of 1 ton equivalent to 3 m3 to 2 tons or equivalent 6 m3 of garbage material, using the process of reversing materials and controlling aeration by pedaling pedals and rotating the aerator (exhaust fan).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The use of Biophoskko composter with Green Phoskko compost activator (GP-1) has been able to increase the work of decomposition of organic matter (decomposition) by renik bodies to 5 to 7 days only.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Stages of composting Garbage Sorting At this stage is carried out the separation of organic waste from inorganic waste (flat goods and dangerous goods).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Sorting must be done carefully because it will determine the smooth process and quality of the compost produced Size Reducer Size reducer is done to expand the surface of the waste, so that the waste can be easily and quickly decomposed into compost Pile Preparation Organic material which has passed the sorting stage and the size reducers are then arranged into piles.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Commonly used stacking designs are elongated designs with dimensions of length x width x height = 2m x 12m x 1.75m.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

On each pile can be given a bamboo tunnel (windrow) that functions to drain air in the pile.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Inversion Reversal is carried out to remove excessive heat, put fresh air into the material pile, flatten the weathering process in each part of the pile, flatten the feeding of water, and help the destruction of materials into small particles.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Watering reversal is carried out against raw materials and piles that are too dry (humidity less than 50%).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Manually it is necessary whether or not watering can be done by squeezing a handful of material from the inside of the pile.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

If at the time of grasping then squeezed not out water, then the pile of garbage should be added water. whereas if before the squeeze has already come out the water, then the pile is too wet therefore it is necessary to do a reversal.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Ripening After composting runs 30 — 40 days, the stack temperature will decrease further to close to room temperature.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

By then the pile had weathered, dark brown or blackish in colour.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost enters at the stage of ripening for 14 days.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Filtering Filtering is done to obtain the particle size of the compost according to the needs and to separate the non-compostable materials that escape the sorting process at the beginning of the process.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The uncomposted material is returned into the new pile, while the uncomposted material is disposed of as residue.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Filtered Compost Packaging and Storage are packed in bags according to marketing needs.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The prepackaged compost is stored in a safe warehouse and protected from the possibility of growing mold and is polluted by mushroom seedlings and seeds of weeds and other unwanted seeds that may be carried away by the wind.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Compost production process control The composting process requires control in order to obtain good results.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Ideal conditions for the composting process are environmental circumstances or habitats where renik bodies (microorganisms) can live and multiply optimally.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The body of renik needs water, air (O2), and food in the form of organic matter from waste to produce energy and grow.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Controlling process The control process that must be carried out against the waste pile is: Temperature Monitoring Pile Humidity Monitoring Oxygen Monitoring Adequacy C/N Ratio Monitoring Volume Quality Compost Quality Compost is compost that has been decomposed with perfectly and does not cause any detrimental effects on plant growth.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The use of immature compost will lead to nutrient competition between plants and soil microorganisms resulting in inhibition of plant growth Good compost has the following characteristics: Dark brown to black is similar to the color of the soil, Insoluble in water, although some compost can form a suspension, Nisbah C/N by 10 — 20, depending on the raw material and degree of humification, It has a good effect if applied to the soil, The temperature is approximately the same as the ambient temperature, and Odorless.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

See also Biopory Land degradation Desertification Soil Conservation Literature Abdurohim, Oim. 2008.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Effect Of Compost On The Availability Of Nutrients And Production Of Caisin Plants On Latosol Soil From Mount Sindur, a thesis.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

In, downloaded June 13, 2010.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Gaur, D. C. 1980.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Present Status of Composting and Agricultural Aspect, in: Hesse, P. R. (ed).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Improvig Soil Fertility Through Organic Recycling, Compost Technology.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

The FAO of the United Nation.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

New Delhi.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Guntoro Dwi, Purwono, and Sarwono. 2003.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Effect Of Bagase Compost On Nutrient Uptake And Growth Of Sugarcane Plants (Saccharum officinarum L.).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

In the Bulletin of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural Institute.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Handayani, Mutia. 2009.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Effect of NPK Fertilizer Dosage and Compost on Seedling Growth Greetings, a thesis.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

In downloaded June 13, 2010.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Rohendi, E. 2005.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

DKI Jakarta Market Waste Management Day Workshop, a proceeding.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Bogor, February 17, 2005.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Sinaga, A., E. Sutrisno and S. H. Budisulistiorini. 2010.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Planning for Composting as an Alternative to Organic Waste Processing (Case Study: TPA Putri Cempo-Mojosongo).


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Journal of Precipitation. 7.1.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Pages 13-22.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

URL Address:.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Downloaded January 8, 2013.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Toharisman, A. 1991.


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Potential And Utilization Of Sugar Industrial Waste As A Source Of Soil Organic Matter


Question: whether Trichoderma sp can be consumed by animals?

Compost

Outlinks - Waste & Resources Action Programme, UK - US Environmental Protection Agency regulations - North Carolina State University Extension - SimplySetup guide to reducing carbon footprints - University of Illinois Extension (UK) Category:Gardening Category:Waste Category:Agriculture Category:Composting


Question: What was the population of the people of Bali in 2010?

Bali

Bali is a province in Indonesia.


Question: What was the population of the people of Bali in 2010?

Bali

The capital of the province is Denpasar.


Question: What was the population of the people of Bali in 2010?

Bali

Bali is also one of the islands in the Nusa Tenggara Archipelago.


Question: What was the population of the people of Bali in 2010?

Bali

At the beginning of Indonesia's independence, the island was included in the Lesser Sunda Province with the capital of Singaraja, and is now divided into 3 provinces: Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara. [1] [2] In addition to being made up of Bali Island, the area of Bali Province also consists of more small surrounding areas, namely Nusa Penida Island, Nusa Lembongan Island, Nusa Ceningan Island, Serangan Island, and Menjangan Island.


Question: What was the population of the people of Bali in 2010?

Bali

Geographically, Bali is located between Java Island and Lombok Island.


Question: What was the population of the people of Bali in 2010?

Bali

The majority of Balinese people are Hindu religions.