Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Labourers who dye (coloratores) and clean clothes (fullones) have their own union. [255]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Centonarii is a trade union specifically reserved for the production of textiles and recycling old clothes into patchwork. [256]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

GDP and income distribution Economic historians give diverse calculations of Roman gross domestic product (GDP) in the time of Principatus. [257]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Using samples of years 14, 100, and 150 AD, estimates of the Roman Empire's GDP per capita range from 166 to 380 HS.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The GDP per capita of Italy is estimated to be 40 [258] to 66 percent [259] higher than the GDP of other regions in the Empire due to tax transfers from the provinces and the size of income of elite citizens in the capital.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Based on the Scheidel—Friesen economic model, the total annual revenue collected by the Empire reached 20 billion HS, with about 5 percent generated by central and local governments.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Elite households, which amount to 1.5 percent of the entire population, contribute about 20 percent of state income. The remaining 20 percent is generated by 10 percent of the population classified as a non-elite middle class group.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Of the remainder, the “vast majority” of the population contributes more than half the total income of the state, although it is subsistence. [260]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Architecture and engineering JMPL|Ka|350px|Amphitheatre of the Roman Empire.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Romanesque's main contributions in the field of architecture were the arch gates, aisles, and domes.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Even after 2,000 years had passed, some Roman structures still stood staunchly due to sophisticated methods of making cement and concrete. [261] [262] The Roman road was considered the most advanced type of road up to the 19th century.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The road system helps facilitate military policing, communications, and commerce.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The streets are resistant to flooding and other environmental disturbances.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Even after the collapse of the central government, some roads were still in use for over a thousand years.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Roman bridge was one of the first bridges built with a large and durable structure, which was made of stone with an arch gate as the basic structure.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Most bridges also use concrete.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The largest Roman bridge was the Trajanus Bridge on the Danube river, which was built by Apollodorus of Damascus and became the longest bridge ever built for more than a millennium. [263]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Romans built many dams and reservoirs to contain water, for example the Subiako Dam, which became the source of water for the Anio Novus, one of Rome's largest aqueducts. [264]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Romans built 72 dams on the Iberian Peninsula, and many more throughout the Empire, some of which are still in use today.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Several notable embankment dams were built in Roman Britain, including at Longovisium (Lanchester).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Romans built a number of aqueducts (aqueducts).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

In the treatise written by Frontinus, a curator aquarum (water commissioner) during the reign of Nerva, it is mentioned regarding the importance of administration in maintaining the water supply.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Stone pipes drain water from distant springs and reservoirs by simply utilizing gravity.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

After passing through the aqueduct, water is accommodated in tanks and flowed through pipes to public fountains, baths, toilets, or industrial places. [265]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The main aqueducts in the city of Rome are Aqua Claudia and Aqua Marcia. [266]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The complex system built to supply water to Constantinpel has a 336km long aqueduct. [267]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Roman aqueduct was built with excellent tolerances, and with technological standards unmatched up to modern times. [268]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Romans also used the Aqueur in mining operations throughout the empire, for example at Las Medulas and Dolaucothi in South Wales. [269]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Glass insulators (or “double glazing”) are used in the construction of public baths.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Houses of elite residents in cold weather times are equipped with a hypocaust, a type of central heating.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Roman society was the first society to assemble all the essential components of the steam engine, which had begun since Hero built the aeolipile. [270]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Everyday life City and country In the ancient world, a city was seen as a place where civilizations were “properly designed, composed and decorated”. [271]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Augustus initiated a massive building program in Rome, building exhibitions of artworks showcasing imperial ideology, and reorganizing the city into neighborhoods (vici) staffed at a local level by police and fire officers. [272]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The focus of monumental architecture in the time of Augustus was Campus Martius, an open space outside the city centre originally reserved for equestrian sports and physical training for young people.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The altar of Augustusan Peace (Ara Pacis Augustae) is located there, as well as an obelisk brought in from Egypt that serves as a directional pointer (gnomon) of the horologium.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

With an open garden, Campus is one of the most attractive places to visit in Rome. [273]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Urban planning and urban lifestyle were influenced by Greece from the earliest period, [274] and in the Eastern Empire, Roman power increased and shaped regional development in cities that had had a strong Hellenistic character.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Cities such as Athens, Aphrodisias, Ephesus and Gerasa changed some architectural aspects of urban planning to fit imperial ideas.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

In addition, the cities also demonstrate the identity and prominence of their respective regions. [275]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

In areas of the Western Empire inhabited by Keltic-speaking inhabitants, Romans promoted the construction of urban centers by building stone temples, forums, monumental fountains, and amphitheaters, generally built within or near walled settlements named oppida that had existed previous. [276]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Urbanization in Roman Africa extended to cities along the Greek and Punic coasts. [235]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The network of cities throughout the Empire (coloniae, municipia, civitates, or in Greek called poleis) was a major cohesive force in the time of Pax Romana. [277]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

In the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, imperial propaganda forced the Romans to “instill customs in times of peace”. [278]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Classical history expert Clifford Ando states: Most notable cultural paraphernalia has to do with imperial culture—public adoration and civic games and banquets, competitions for artists, speakers, and athletes, as well as the funding of most public buildings and art exhibition venues— is financed by private individuals, whose funding aims to help justify their economic and legal power. “[279]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Christian apologerat Tertulianus states that the world in the 2nd century was more orderly and well preserved than previous times: “Everywhere there are houses, everywhere there are people, everywhere there are res publica, commonwealth, everywhere there is life”. [280]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The decline of cities and community life in the 4th century, which was when upper-class citizens were unable or refused to fund public works, was one of the factors that contributed to the collapse of the Empire. [281] JMPL|Public toilets (latrinae) of Ostia Antica.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

In the city of Rome, most residents live in multi-storey apartment buildings (insulae) that are generally rundown and flammable.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Public facilities—such as baths (thermae), toilets equipped with running water (latrinae), fountains (nymphea) derived from fresh water, [282] and large entertainment venues such as chariot racing and gladiatorial combatants—were built especially once for the general people living in insulae. [ 283]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Similar facilities were also built in cities throughout the Empire, and some of Roman's finest structures still stand staunchly in Spain, southern France, and northern Africa.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Public baths have hygienic, social, and cultural functions. [284]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Bathing was the main form of socialization in the daily life of Roman citizens conducted in the afternoon before dinner. [285]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Roman baths are characterized by a series of three-temperature rooms equipped with a variety of amenities, including exercise and weight lifting rooms, saunas, exfoliating spas, ball courts, or outdoor swimming pools. [286]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The bathhouse has a hypokaus heater: the floor is hung over a hot air duct that provides warmth. [287]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Nude and mixed bathing between men and women was commonplace in the early days of the Empire, although some baths had provided separate amenities or bathing hours for men and women.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Public baths were part of urban culture throughout the province, but by the end of the 4th century, private bathrooms began to replace public baths. [288]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Christian teachings advocate going to the baths for health and hygiene, rather than for the sake of purely pleasure, [289] Christians also forbid various matches (ludi), which are part of religious festivals they consider “pagan”.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Tertullianus said that Christians not only withdrew from bathing activities together, but also withdrew from community and trade activities. [290] JMPL|left|reconstruction of the house garden based on the House of the Vettii.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Wealthy families from Rome usually owned two or more houses, a resting place (domus, plural: domūs) and at least one mansions (villa) outside the city.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Domus is a privately owned family home, and usually comes with a private bathroom (balneum), [291] but is not a place to exile yourself from public life. [292]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Although some neighborhoods in Rome have many mansions, wealthy residents do not live in separate complexes.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The homes of wealthy citizens were meant to be viewable and easily accessible.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The atrium serves as a reception room where paterfamilias (heads of households) meet their guests every morning, ranging from rich families to poor families receiving charity assistance. [293]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The private house also serves as a place of family worship, having a shrine decorated with paintings of family ancestors. [294]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Houses located along busy public roads and overlooking the highway are often rented out as shops (tabernae). [295] [296] In contrast, villas are places to escape the bustle of the city, and in literature are described as a balancing lifestyle intellectual civilization and artistic interest (otium) with an appreciation of nature and the agricultural cycle. [298]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Ideally, a villa is located in locations with great views, framed by luxurious architectural design. [299]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Villas are generally located in workers' housing complexes, or in beach-side “resort towns” such as Pompeii and Herculaneum.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The urban renewal program during the reign of Augustus, and the growth of Rome's population to the tune of one million inhabitants, has been expressed in many works of art.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Many poems extolled the ideal life of peasants and pastoralists.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Home interiors are often decorated with paintings of gardens, fountains, scenery, ornaments of plants, [299] and animals, especially birds and sea animals, which are painted quite accurately. [300]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The poet Augustusan Horace wrote satirical works on the dichotomy of rural and urban values through his fabel The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse, often retold as a children's fairy tale. [301]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

On a more practical level, the central government plays an active role in supporting agriculture. [302]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Producing food is a top priority in land utilization. [303]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Large-scale agriculture (latifundia) achieves economies of scale capable of sustaining urban life and absorbing labor. [302]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Small farmers raked in profits from the development of local markets and trading centers.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Agricultural techniques such as crop rotation and selective breeding were disseminated throughout the Empire, and new crops were introduced from province to province, for example peas and cabbage introduced to Britain. [304]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Maintaining the food supply for the city of Rome had become a major political issue in the late days of the Republic, when the state began giving alms of grain (annona) to citizens registered to receive it. [302]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

About 200,000—250,000 adult men in Rome receive alms of grain, or about 33kg per month and a total of 100,000 tons per year, mainly in Sicily, North Africa, and Egypt. [305]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

This grain alms cost at least 15 percent of the total state receipts, [302] but it was able to improve the living conditions of lower-class families, [306] and subsidize wealthy citizens by allowing workers to spend more of their income to buy wine and olive oil produced on plantations belonging to landlords. [302]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The alms of grain also had symbolic value, affirming regarding the emperor's position as a universal benefactor and the right for all citizens to acquire “fruits of the fruits of conquest”. [302]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Annona, public facilities, and spectacular entertainment worsened the living conditions of Roman lower class society and sparked social unrest.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The satirical writer Juvenal views the term “bread and circus” (panem et circenses) as symbolic of the loss of political freedom in the time of the Republic: [307] The society has long since discarded its sense of concern: people who were once given orders, consuls, legionaries and all others, now no longer interfere and crave only two things: bread and circuses (food and entertainment). [308]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Food and drink Most apartments in Rome do not have kitchens, although some have charcoal stoves that can be used for cooking. [309]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Ready meals are sold in pubs and bars, inns, and food stalls (tabernae, cauponae, popinae, thermopolia). [310]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Restaurant food is available to the lower classes; high-flavored dining can only be encountered at dinner parties held in mansions that have cooks (archimagirus) and trained kitchen staff, [311] or at banquets organized by social clubs (collegia). [312]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Most Roma consume at least 70 percent of their daily calories in the form of cereals and legumes. [313]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Puls (pottage, condensed food) is considered a native Roman food. [314]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Oat pottage can be mixed with chopped vegetables, cutlets, cheeses, or herbs resulting in a dish similar to polenta or risotto. [315]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Urban and military residents prefer to consume wheat in the form of bread. [317]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Milling and oven are usually combined in one bread-making complex. [318]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

During the reign of Aurelianus, the state began distributing annona (food alms) as daily rations in the form of bread produced in the factories of the country, and also added olive oil, wine, and pork as alms food. [319]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The importance of a good diet for health was recognized by Roman medical writers such as Galen (2nd century AD), who spelled out in the treatise On Barley Soup.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Views towards nutrition are influenced by streams of thought such as humoral theory. [320]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Roman literature generally tells about dinner customs among the upper classes, [321] who consider dinner (cena) to have a social function. [322]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Guests in dinner events are entertained in a beautifully ornate dining room (triclinium), often furnished with views of the peristal garden.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Guests sit casually on the sofa, leaning on the left elbow.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

At the end of the Republican period, women ate, lay down, and drank wine with the men. [323]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The most famous depiction of Roman food is probably the Trimalchio dinner party in Satyricon, a fictional extravaganza that bears little resemblance to the lives of wealthy class citizens. [324]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The poet Martial describes regarding more detailed dinner dishes, starting with gustatio (“tasting” or “appetizing plant”), consisting of a salad of mallow leaves, lettuce, chopped chives, mint, arugula, mackerel mixed with rue, egg slices, and marinated pork breast.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The main course consists of mutton cutlets, beans, vegetables, chicken, and ham, followed by a dessert in the form of fresh fruits and grapes. [325]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Latin phrase for a complete dinner dish is ab ovo usque mala, or “from eggs to apples”, similar to the English phrase “from soup to nuts” (“from soup to beans”). [326]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

A tome containing various Roman recipes is known as Apicius, written by several figures from ancient times. [327]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Roman culinary experts engaged in wild hunting of fowl such as peacocks and flamingos, large fish such as mullets, and mussels.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The spices of luxurious cuisine were brought by the fleet to the empire from distant lands, from the borders of Parthia to the Strait of Gibraltar. [328]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The filtering of consumed cuisine bodes the progress of civilization or decadent decline. [329]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The imperial historian Tacitus compared the luxury of Rome's dining table to the simplicity of the Germanic peoples' food which was only fresh wild meat, rotten fruit, and cheese, in stark contrast to Roman dishes made from imported spices and high-flavored sauces. [330]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Due to the importance of the role of landowners in Roman culture, peasantry produce such as wheat, beans, vegetables, and fruit were often considered to be more civilized foods than meat.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Mediterranean dishes such as bread, wine, and oil were purified by adherents of Roman Christianity, whereas eating Germanic meat was considered an act of paganism, [331] because it was the result of sacrificing animals.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Some Christian philosophers and leaders reject bodily demands and enjoyment of food, and carry out fasting as an ideal way. [332]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Food became simpler after a slump in urban life in the West, disruption of trade routes, [333] and wealthy residents began to move into suburban housing. [334]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Because urban lifestyles are closely linked to decadence, the Church officially limits gluttony, [334] and hunting and pastoralism are seen as sublime and simple ways of life. [335]


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

See also History of the Roman Empire Italian Imperium Footnotes Reference Source J. A. Crook, Law and Life of Rome, 90 BC—AD 212, 1967 (ISBN 0-8014-9273-4).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Arther Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation, Thames and Hudson, 1988 (ISBN 0-500-27495-9).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Goldsworthy, Adrian.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

The Complete Roman Army, Thames and Hudson, 2003 (ISBN 0-500-05124-0).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Benjamin Isaac, “The Limits of Empire: the Roman Army in the East” Oxford University Press, 1992 (ISBN 0-19-814926-3).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Andrew Lintott, Imperium Romanum: Politics and administration, 1993 (ISBN 0-415-09375-9).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Edward Luttwak, The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976/1979 (ISBN 0-8018-2158-4).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Advanced reading Library resources about Main Page John Bagnell Bury, A History of the Roman Empire from its Foundation to the death of Marcus Aurelius, 1913, ISBN 978-1-4367-3416-5 Duncan B Campbell, The Rise of Imperial Rome, AD 14-193, Osprey, 2013, ISBN 978-1-78096-280-1 Winston Churchill, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, Cassell, 1998, ISBN 0-304—34912—7 Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1776—1789 Adrian Goldsworthy.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

In the Name of Rome: The Men Who Won the Roman Empire, Weidenfield and Nicholson, 2003, ISBN 0-297-84666-3 Michael Grant, The History of Rome, Faber and Faber, 1993, ISBN 0-571-11461-X Antonio Santosuosso, Storming the Heavens: Soldiers, Emperors and Civilians in the Roman Empire, Westview Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8133-3523-X Outside links, a BBC website on ancient Rome for children at primary-school level., interactive educational website on ancient Rome for students.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Interactive map of the Roman Empire at showing the expansion of the Roman Empire., learning resources and re-enactments.


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

(PBS).


Question: how long have the Nazis been in power in germany?

Roman Empire

Category:Establishment 476 Category:Former Countries in the Italian Peninsula Category:Superpowers Category:Former Countries and territories established 27th century BC Category:Countries in Ancient Africa


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks Corporation is a global coffee company and coffee shop chain from the United States headquartered in Seattle, Washington.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks is the world's largest coffee shop company, with 20,336 shops in 61 countries, including 13,123 in the United States, 1,299 in Canada, 977 in Japan, 793 in the United Kingdom, 732 in China, 473 in South Korea, 363 in Mexico, 282 in Taiwan, 204 in the Philippines, 164 in Thailand and 326 in Indonesia . [5] [2] Starbucks sells hot and cold drinks, coffee beans, salads, hot and cold sandwiches, sweet pastries, snacks, and items such as glasses and tumblers.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Through its Starbucks Entertainment division and the Hear Music brand, the company also markets books, music, and movies.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Many of the company's products are seasonal or specific to the area where the tavern stands.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks ice cream and coffee are also sold in grocers.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Since its 1971 founding in Seattle as a local coffee bean roaster and retailer, Starbucks expanded rapidly.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In the 1990s, Starbucks opened a new tavern every weekday, one stage that continued to continue until the 2000s. The first tavern outside the United States or Canada opened in the mid-1990s, and the number of taverns overseas represents one-third of the total Starbucks tavern worldwide. [6]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company plans to open 900 new taverns outside the United States in 2009, [7] and has closed 300 taverns in the United States since 2008. [8]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In Indonesia, Starbucks is operated by Mitra Adiperkasa.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Establishment History The first Starbucks Tavern was opened in Seattle, Washington, on March 30, 1971 by three associates: English teacher Jerry Baldwin, history teacher Zev Siegl, and author Gordon Bowker.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

All three were inspired by coffee-roasting entrepreneur Alfred Peet, whom they knew personally, to sell high-quality coffee beans along with crockery. [9]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Originally, the company was about to be named Pequod taken from the name of the Moby-Dick hunter ship, but this name was rejected by a number of escort founders.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company was eventually named after Pequod's one-ship mualim, Starbuck. [10]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

From 1971—1976, Starbucks's first tavern stood at 2000 Western Avenue, then relocated to 1912 Pike Place. [11]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company only sells roasted coffee and does not sell coffee drinks. [12]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

During its first years of operation, they bought green coffee beans from Peet's, then began buying directly from coffee growers.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Sale and expansion In 1984, the original owners of Starbucks, led by Jerry Baldwin, acquired Peet's.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Throughout the 1980s, total coffee sales in the United States declined, but specialty coffee sales increased and formed 10% of 1989's market share, compared to 3% in 1983. [13]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 1986, the company had 6 stores in Seattle [13] and began selling espresso coffee. [14]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 1987, the original owners sold Starbucks to Howard Schultz who rebranded part of his Il Giornale coffee shop to Starbucks and soon expanded operations.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In that year anyway, Starbucks opened its first tavern outside Seattle in Waterfront Station, Vancouver, British Columbia, and Chicago, Illinois. [15]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of 1989, there were 46 taverns throughout the Northwest and Midwest regions and Starbucks roasted over 2,000,000 pounds (910,000kg) of coffee annually. [13]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

At its June 1992 initial public offering, Starbucks had 140 taverns and earnings of $73.5 million, up from $1.3 million in 1987.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Its market value reached $271 million. 12% of the company's shares were sold and generated $25 million which would help it increase the number of taverns over the following two years. [16]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In September 1992, its share price rose 70% to 100 times the previous year's earnings per share. [12]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Market and new products The first Starbucks shop outside North America opened in Tokyo, Japan in 1996. [17]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks entered the United Kingdom in 1998 through the acquisition of Seattle Coffee Company (then headquartered in the United Kingdom and owned 60 taverns) with a value of $83million [18] and changed all its tavern brands to Starbucks.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In September 2002, Starbucks opened its first tavern in Central America, precisely in Mexico City.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 1999, Starbucks experimented with food in the San Francisco Bay area through a restaurant chain called Circadia. [19]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

These restaurants were later closed and converted into Starbucks cafes.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In October 2002, Starbucks established a coffee trading company in Lausanne, Switzerland to handle green coffee purchases.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

All other coffee-related businesses continue to be managed out of Seattle. [20]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In April 2003, Starbucks completed the purchase of Seattle's Best Coffee and Torrefazione Italia from AFC Enterprises for a value of $72 million.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This approval only adds 150 taverns to Starbucks ownership, but according to the Seattle Post-Intelligencer its wholesale business is actually more profitable. [21]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In September 2006, its competitor, Diedrich Coffee, announced that it would sell most of its retail taverns to Starbucks.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The sale includes his Coffee People chain tavern centered in Oregon.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks rebranded all of its Diedrich Coffee and Coffee People shops to Starbucks, although the Coffee People shop in Portland Airport was not included in this sale. [22]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In August 2003, Starbucks opened its first tavern in Latin America, precisely in Lima, Peru. [23]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2007, the company opened its first tavern in Russia, ten years after registering the trademark there. [24]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In March 2008, Starbucks purchased manufacturer company Clover Brewing System.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

They began testing “fresh-pressed” coffee systems at several Starbucks shops in Seattle, California, New York, and Boston. [25]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In early 2008, Starbucks created a community website, My Starbucks Idea, designed to gather advice and feedback from customers.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Other users could comment on and rate the suggestion.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Journalist Jack Schofield wrote that, “My Starbucks may now look sweet and cheerful, and this couldn't have happened without massive censorship.”


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This website uses Salesforce software. [26]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In May 2008, a fidelity program was launched for registered users of Starbucks Card (formerly just gift cards) offering a wide variety of advantages such as Wi-Fi Internet access, free of charge for soy milk & spiced syrup, and free refills for brewed coffee. [27]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A store in Seattle that famously directly implemented the company's new ideas re-opened in the fall of 2010 with a new interior design, including the placement of an espresso machine in the middle of the tavern. [28]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

On November 14, 2012, Starbucks announced that it would purchase Teavana for a value of $620 million. [29]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Company leadership Orin C. Smith was President and CEO of Starbucks since 2001 until 2005.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The chairman of Starbucks, Howard Schultz, talked about how growth does not dilute the culture of the company [30] and the shared goal of the leadership of this company is to act like a small company.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In January 2008, Schultz returned to his position as President and CEO after eight years as Chairman, replacing Jim Donald, who took office in 2005 and was asked to resign after the company's sales decline in 2007.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Schultz wants to restore the “unique Starbucks experience” before the company's rapid expansion.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Analysts believe that Schultz will have to determine how to manage increasingly high ingredient prices and heavy competition from low-cost fast-food chains, including McDonald's and Dunkin' Donuts.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks announced that it would discontinue sales of breakfast sandwich products that were originally due to be rolled out across the United States in 2008 to refocus on coffee, but as complaints from customers its lineup of sandwich products was finally left in place. [31]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

On February 23, 2008, Starbucks closed all its taverns at 5:30-9:00 p.m. local time to train its baristas. [32] [33] Starbucks products stopped using milk from rBGH cows in 2007. [34]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In June 2009, the company announced it would overhaul its menu and sell salads and baked goods without high-fructose corn syrup and artificial ingredients. [35]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

These actions are expected to attract consumers who pay attention to health and costs and will not affect their selling prices. [35]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks introduced a brand new line of instant coffee packs named VIA “Ready Brew” in March 2009.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The product was first launched in New York City with product testing in Seattle, Chicago, and London.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The first two VIA flavors were Italian Roast and Colombian, which later launched October 2009 across the United States and Canada.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks taverns promote the product with a blind “trial challenge” to instant coffee versus fresh brewed coffee.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Many people are not able to distinguish instant coffee and fresh brewed coffee.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A number of analysts predicted that by introducing instant coffee, Starbucks would lower the value of its own brand. [36]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks began selling beer and wine in a number of taverns in the United States in 2010.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of April 2012, beer and wine are available in seven taverns and many other taverns are requesting their sales licenses. [37]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2011, Starbucks introduced its largest cup size, the Trenta, with a capacity of 31 ounces. [38]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In September 2012, Starbucks launched Verismo, a buffet coffee machine that wears sealed plastic cups containing milled coffee and a “milk tap” for lattes. [39]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

On November 10, 2011, Starbucks Corporation announced that it had emmbellished juice company Evolution Fresh with a value of $30 million and planned to start juice bars in mid-2012, entering the Jamba Inc. controlled market its first tavern opened in San Bernardino, California, while the tavern in San Francisco will open in early 2013. [40]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2012, Starbucks began selling a line of cold refresher drinks in its taverns containing green arabica coffee bean extract.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The drink is fruity flavored and contains caffeine, but does not have the taste of coffee.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

One of the extraction processes of Starbucks green coffee is to soak those seeds in water. [41]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks tea entered the tea market in 1999 when they purchased the Tazo brand with a value of {{currency}} — invalid amount (help). [42] [43] In late 2012, Starbucks stated that it would buy Teavana with a value of {{currency}} — invalid amount (help). [44]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of November 2012, there was no marketing of Starbucks products in Teavana's taverns, although this acquisition allowed Teavana's expansion beyond its current existence in shopping malls. [43]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Coffee quality Kevin Knox was tasked with handling the quality of coffee at Starbucks from 1987 to 1993 wrote on his 2010 blog about how George Howell, coffee veteran and founder of the Cup of Excellence, was surprised by the dark grill beans Starbucks sold in 1990. [25] [45] Speaking with the New York Times in 2008, Howell stated that the dark grill that Starbucks wears does not deepen the taste of coffee, but instead destroys the feel of the taste. [25]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The March 2007 issue of Consumer Reports compared coffee owned by United States fast food chains and placed Starbucks one tier below McDonald's Premium Roast.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The magazine called Starbucks coffee “strong, but burnt and bitter enough to the point that your eyes are watery, instead of wide open”. [46]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Current Location As of September 2018, Starbucks stands in 76 countries on 6 continents with a total of 27,340 taverns. [2] [47] [48] Africa Egypt: 32 Morocco: 9 South Africa: 7 North America United States: 13,327 Canada: 2,359 Mexico: 531 Puerto Rico: 25 Bahamas: 12 Costa Rica: 12 El Salvador: 11 Guatemala: 7 Panama: 5 Trinidad and Tobago: 5 Aruba: 3 Curaçao: 3 Jamaica: 1 Oceania New Zealand: 26 Australia: 35 South America Brazil: 104 Argentina: 100 Chile: 91 Peru: 81 Colombia: 24 Bolivia: 4 Asia China: 2,500 Japan: 1,191 South Korea: 985 Turkey: 408 Taiwan: 398 Philippines: 264 Indonesia : 326 Malaysia: 220 Hong Kong: 147 United Arab Emirates: 138 Singapore: 125 Saudi Arabia: 92 India: 89 Kuwait: 89 Lebanon: 30 Vietnam: 28 Bahrain: 19 Qatar: 18 Jordan: 14 Oman: 11 Kazakhstan: 11 Cyprus: 11 Cambodia: 7 Azerbaijan: 4 Brunei: 4 Europe United Kingdom: 884 Germany: 161 France: 121 Russia: 112 Spain: 107 Ireland: 67 Switzerland: 63 Netherlands: 59 Poland: 45 Romania: 37 Greece: 28 Czech Republic: 26 Austria: 20 Denmark: 20 Belgium: 19 Norway: 17 Sweden: 17 Hungary: 16 Portugal: 11 Finland: 9 Bulgaria: 6 Slovakia: 4 Luxembourg: 3 Monaco: 1 Andorra: 1 In 2008, Starbucks continued its expansion by establishing taverns in Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, and Portugal. [15]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

European and Scandinavian expansion was continued in 2009 in Poland (April), [49] Utrecht, Netherlands (August), and Arlanda Airport outside the city of Stockholm, Sweden (October). [50]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2010, the growth of these new markets continued.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of May 2010, Southern Sun Hotels South Africa announced they had made an approval with Starbucks allowing them to open taverns in some Southern Sun and Tsonga Sun hotels in South Africa.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This approval materialized in part for the Starbucks tavern to open at the same time as the start of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. [51]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In June 2010, Starbucks opened its first tavern in Budapest, Hungary, and in November the first tavern in Central America opened in El Salvador's capital, San Salvador. [52]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In December 2010, Starbucks opened its first tavern at sea, in collaboration with Royal Caribbean International; Starbucks opened a tavern on Royal Caribbean's second-largest ship, Allure of the Seas, which is also the second largest ship in the world. [53]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks plans to open its third tavern in Africa, after Egypt and Morocco, namely in Algeria.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In collaboration with Algerian food company, Cevital, Starbucks will open its first tavern in Algiers. [54]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In January 2011, Starbucks and Tata Coffee, Asia's largest coffee plantation company, planned to form a strategic alliance bringing Starbucks to India while simultaneously purchasing coffee sourced and roasted at the Tata Coffee plant in Kodagu. [55]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Despite a misstep in 2007, [56] in January 2012, Starbucks eventually formed a 50:50 joint venture with Tata Global Beverages, named Tata Starbucks Ltd., which would hold ownership of the tavern and operate under the name Starbucks Coffee “A Tata Alliance”. [57]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks had previously attempted to enter India in 2007 through a joint venture involving Indonesian franchisees and Kishore Biyani of Future Group.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Unfortunately, this joint venture cancelled its foreign investment plans with the Indian government.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks did not mention any reason about this cancellation. [58]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks opened its first tavern in India, precisely in Mumbai, on October 19, 2012. [59] [60] [61] In February 2011, Starbucks began operations in Norway.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Its first shop opened on February 8, 2012 at Oslo's Gardermoen Airport, and supplies Starbucks products to food stores in Norway.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In October 2011, Starbucks opened a tavern again in Beijing, China, this time in the international departure hall of Terminal 3 of Beijing Capital Airport, and became the 500th Starbucks shop in China.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This Starbucks shop is the 7th in Beijing airport.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company plans to have 1,500 taverns in China by 2015. [62]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In May 2012, Starbucks opened its first shop in Finland, precisely at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, Vantaa. [63]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Many bookstores have Starbucks licensed taverns in them, including Barnes & Noble in the United States, Chapters-Indigo in Canada (company operated), Jarir Bookstore in Saudi Arabia, Livraria Saraiva, Fnac in Brazil, and B2S in Thailand.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of October 2012, Starbucks plans to open 1,000 taverns in the United States in the next five years. [64]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In that month, too, the largest Starbcks tavern in the United States opened at Ferguson Center, University of Alabama. [65]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks at West Coast Plaza, Singapore Starbucks in İzmir, Turkey Starbucks tavern in Hong Kong with retro design Bing Sutt Starbucks in Angeles City, Philippines Starbucks in Lima, Peru Starbucks in San Salvador, El Salvador Starbucks in Beirut, Lebanon Starbucks in the old building Orange Daily News Used In 2003, Starbucks closed all six of its taverns in Israel due to “operational challenges” and “an inhospitable business environment. “[66] [67] The Starbucks tavern in the former imperial palace in Beijing closed in July 2007.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The tavern has been a source of controversy since it was opened in 2000 by protesters who objected that the existence of a United States company on the premises “tramples Chinese culture. “[68] [69] In July 2008, the company declared closing 600 loss-making company-owned taverns and cutting expansion plans in the United States despite economic chaos. [70] [71] On July 29, 2008, Starbucks removed 1,000 non-retail jobs as part of its efforts reinvigorated this brand and raised its profit.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Of these eliminations, 550 people were laid off and the rest were unfilled. [72]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This closure and disconnection effectively ended the company's period of growth and expansion that began in the mid-1990s. Starbucks also announced in July 2008 that it was closing 61 of its 84 taverns in Australia the following month. [73]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Nick Wailes, strategic management expert from the University of Sydney, commented that “Starbucks doesn't really understand the coffee drinking culture in Australia. “[74]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In January 2009, Starbucks declared closing 300 loss-making taverns and removing 7,000 positions.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

CEO Howard Schultz also announced that he was getting board approval of his salary reduction. [75]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Overall, from February 2008 to January 2009, Starbucks removed 18,400 job openings in the United States and closed 977 of its taverns worldwide. [76]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In August 2009, Ahold declared closing and rebranded the 43rd Starbucks licensed tavern in their own Stop & Shop and Giant supermarkets in the United States.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

However, Ahold has not abandoned the concept of Starbucks licensing; they plan to open 5 new licensed taverns by the end of 2009. [77] [78] In July 2012, the company announced that it began closing its loss-making taverns in Europe as soon as possible. [79]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Unbranded tavern In 2009, at least three taverns in Seattle were revoked their branding and logo and converted into local coffee shops “inspired by Starbucks. “[80] [81] CEO Howard Schultz said those unbranded taverns are “Starbucks laboratories”. [82]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The first tavern, 15th Avenue Coffee and Tea, opened July 2009 on Capitol Hill.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The tavern provides wine and beer, and plans to hold live music and verse readings. [83]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Although these taverns were dubbed the “invisible Starbucks" [80] [84] and criticized as “local washes”, [85] Schultz said that, “We hid the brand to try new things in those taverns that we felt were inappropriate for Starbucks. “[82]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks automated tavern has automated systems in a number of areas.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

These machines have 280 possible combinations of drinks to choose from.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The machine uses a touch screen and customers can play while waiting for their order. [86]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Wi-Fi Internet access facilities vary in a number of areas.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Cardholders in the US & Canada can access the Internet for 2 hours through AT&T Inc. in the United States and Bell Canada in Canada.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In Germany, customers get free Wi-Fi access for 2 hours via BT Openzone.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In Switzerland and Austria, customers got access for 30 minutes by gift card through T-Mobile.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In September 2009, Starbucks in the United Kingdom launched free Wi-Fi in almost all its taverns.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Customers who have a Starbucks Card can log in to the shop's Wi-Fi for free with their card details, thus adding to the benefits of loyalty programs such as in the United States. [87]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starting in July 2010, Starbucks offers free Wi-Fi in all its taverns in the United States through AT&T and information through cooperation with Yahoo!.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This is an effort to better compete with local tavern networks, which have long provided free Wi-Fi, as well as McDonald's, which began offering similar free access in 2010. [88]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

On June 30, 2010, Starbucks announced it would begin offering unlimited and free Internet access via Wi-Fi to customers at all of the company's taverns in Canada from July 1, 2010. [89]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Marketing Logo In 2006, Valerie O'Neil, a spokeswoman for Starbucks, said that this logo depicted “a double-tailed mermaid, or siren as in Greek mythology”. [90]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company logo changed over time.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In the first version, the logo is based on a 16th-century “Norse” woodcut, [91] the Starbucks siren is nude top and displays two fish tails prominently. [92]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This image also has a rough visual texture and is similar to lusine. [93]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In the second version, worn in 1987—92, the siren's busty is covered by her hair, but her navel is still visible.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The tail of the fish was also somewhat truncated, and its main color was changed from brown to green, as per Bowker's alma mater, the University of San Francisco. [94]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In the third version, worn between 1992 and 2011, her belly button and breast fruit are not visible at all, and only part of her tail is visible.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The original “woodcut” logo is worn only by Starbucks headquarters in Seattle.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In early September 2006 and again in early 2008, Starbucks temporarily reintroduced its original tan logo for hot drink cups.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks stated this was done to demonstrate the company's heritage from the Pacific Northwest region while celebrating 35 years of operation.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The old logo gave rise to controversy as a result of the siren's bare-chested appearance, [95] but this temporary altercation received little media attention.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks also received similar criticism when it reintroduced the logo in 2006. [96]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This logo was changed when Starbucks entered the Saudi Arabia market in 2000 by removing the siren and letting its crown, [97] as reported in Colbert I. King's Pulitzer Prize-winning column in The Washington Post of 2002.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company announced three months later that it would wear an international logo in Saudi Arabia. [98]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In January 2011, Starbucks stated that it would make minor changes to the company logo, removing Starbucks writing surrounding the siren, enlarging its siren, and giving it green. [99]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The first logo was brown, 1971—1987.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The green logo which is now still worn as a secondary logo, 1987—2010.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Logo with new design, 2011—present.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The Starbucks partnership agreed to work with Apple to collaborate on music sales as part of the “Starbucks experience.”


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In October 2006, Apple added a Starbucks Entertainment feature to the iTunes Store, selling music playing in Starbucks taverns.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In September 2007, Apple announced that customers could browse the iTunes Store at Starbucks using Wi-Fi in the United States (without logging into a Wi-Fi network), and dedicated to iPhone, iPod touch, iPad, and MacBook users. which was then playing at Starbucks and offered users the opportunity to download it.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A number of taverns have LCD screens accompanied by the singer's name, song, and album information of the song being played.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The feature was launched in Seattle, New York City, and the San Francisco Bay Area, and launched in a number of taverns in 2007—2008. [100]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In the fall of 2007, Starbucks also began selling digital downloads of certain albums through iTunes.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks gave away 37 songs for free through iTunes as part of its 2007 “Song of the Day” promotion, and “Pick of the Week” cards are now available at Starbucks to use downloading one song for free.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Since 2011, Starbucks has also given out “Pick of the Week” cards to download apps from the App Store.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The Starbucks app is available on the iPhone App Store.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Beginning June 1, 2009, MSNBC's morning news program Morning Joe was rededicated by Starbucks and its show logo was side-by-side with the company logo.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Although the show host had time to eat Starbucks coffee during a live broadcast of “Free” on behalf of MSNBC president Phil Griffin, this marketing was unpaid at the time. [101]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This action received mixed responses from other news organizations, some looked at it intelligent cooperation in times of economic chaos as well as a game against journalistic standards. [102]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Parody and infringement The Starbucks Logo has always been the target of parody and impersonation.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This company itself has filed lawsuits against parties it considers infringing on its intellectual property.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2000, San Francisco-based cartoonist Kieron Dwyer was prosecuted by Starbucks for infringing his copyright and trademark after making a parody of his siren logo and putting it on the cover of one of his comics; later on coffee glasses, shirts, and stickers sold through his website and conference comics.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Dwyer felt that because his work was parody, he was stricken by the right to freedom of speech under United States law.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The case was eventually settled out of court, as Dwyer claimed he could not afford to pay for a court hearing against Starbucks.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The judge agreed Dwyer's work was parody and received constitutional protection; but he was nonetheless prohibited from profiting from images similar to the Starbucks siren logo.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Dwyer was also allowed to display this image as a form of freedom of speech, but did not sell it. [103]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In a similar case, a store in New York selling stickers and sweatshirts bearing the Starbucks logo plus the words “f—k off” was prosecuted by this company in 1999. [104] [105] The anti-Starbucks website, starbuckscoffee.co.uk, which encouraged people to change the Starbucks logo [106] was bought by Starbucks in 2005, [107] [108] but appeared again on www.starbuckscoffee.org.uk. A number of bookstores and Christian websites in the United States sell sweatshirts featuring logos whose sirens are changed to Jesus and the words “Sacrificed for me” on its fringes. [109]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Another case Starbucks won was a case against the Xingbake tavern chain in Shanghai, China, for trademark infringement in 2006.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The restaurant chain wears a green and white logo with a name that in Chinese sounds like Starbucks. [110]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks did not open a tavern after registering its trademark in Russia in 1997.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A Russian lawyer successfully filed a request for cancellation of the trademark in 2002.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

He then registered this name for a company in Moscow and set $600,000 as the sale price of this trademark to Starbucks, but it was rejected in November 2005. [24]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2003, Starbucks sent a termination of undertaking warrant to “HaidaBucks Coffee House” in Masset, British Columbia, Canada.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The tavern is owned by a group of Haida youths commonly called “bucks”.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

After being showered with criticism, Starbucks revoked its demands after HaidaBucks removed “Coffee House” from its name. [111]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Sam Buck Lundberg, owner of a coffee shop in Oregon, was banned from wearing the name “Sambuck's Coffee” in front of his tavern in 2006. [112]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2005, Starbucks lost in a trademark infringement case against a small coffee shop in South Korea called Starpreya.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company of the owner, Elpreya, says that the name Starpreya comes from the goddess Norsk, Freja, whose lettering was changed to allow Koreans to pronounce it easily.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The court rejected Starbucks's claim that the Starpreya logo was similar to their logo. [113]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A bar owner in Galveston, Texas, US, won the right to sell “Star Bock Beer” after being sued by Starbucks in 2003 after he registered the name, but a 2005 federal court ruling also stated that the beer should only be sold in Galveston; this ruling approved by the Supreme Court in 2007. [114]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In addition, there was also a case of copyright registration of the Rat City Rollergirls logo from Seattle in 2008. [115]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company claims the logo of the skater league by an artist in Washington said [116] is too similar to the Starbucks logo.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks requested an extension of time to study the matter and filed a complaint which was later received by the Trademark Office.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The July 16, 2008 deadline was simply passed without any statement from Starbucks. [117]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks is suing an Indian cosmetics company owned by Shahnaz Husain after he registered the name Starstruck for his coffee products and others.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

It says it wants to open a chain of stores selling coffee- and chocolate-based cosmetics. [118]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Many taverns wear the Starbucks logo without change and without permission, such as a cafe in Pakistan that wore the Starbucks logo in its advertisements in 2003 [119] and a cafe in Cambodia in 2009.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The owner said that, “Whatever we did, we did it according to the law. “[120]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Environmental and social policy Environmental impact In 1999, Starbucks launched “Grounds for your Garden” to make their business more environmentally friendly.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This action is in the form of donating the remaining grinded coffee to everyone who asks for it to be used as a compost fertilizer.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Although not all taverns and boroughs participated, customers could request and lobby their on-site tavern to initiate this action.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2004, Starbucks began reducing the size of their paper aprons and garbage bags, as well as minimizing their solid waste production to 816,5t (1,800,000lb). [121]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2008, Starbucks ranked 15th on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Top 25 Green Power Partners list on renewable energy purchases. [122]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In October 2008, The Sun reported that Starbucks was dumping 23.4 million liters (6.2 million U.S. gallons) of water daily by leaving the tap open to wash equipment in the dipper well in each of its taverns, [123] but this was necessitated anyway by government public health regulations. [124]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In June 2009, responding to concerns over excessive water consumption, Starbucks reevaluated the discharging of its well dipper system.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of September 2009, company-owned Starbucks taverns in Canada & the United States successfully implemented a new water-saving solution that meets government health standards.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Some types of milk are given a special spoon attached to the glass and its well dipper is replaced with a time tap for washing.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This will save 150USGal (570l) of water per day in each tavern. [125]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Recyclers Starbucks began using 10% recycled paper in their cups in 2004, which is claimed to be the first time recycled materials have been worn in products that come into direct contact with food or beverages. [126]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2005, Starbucks earned the National Recycling Coalition Recycling Works Award. [127]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Allen Hershkowitz of the Natural Resources Defense Council called 10% 'meager', but Starbucks claims to use only 10% of recycled materials because they cost. [126]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks bought 2.5billion cups for taverns in North America in 2007.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The 10% cup of recycled paper owned by Starbucks cannot be recycled, as the plastic coating that prevents the cup from leaking also does not allow it to be recycled.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Plastic cups for cold drinks are also not recyclable in a number of regions.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The original Starbucks cup was made of plastic No. 1 (polyethylene terephthalate, PETE), later changed to No. 5 (polypropylene, PP).


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The first type of plastic can be recycled in parts of the United States, while the latter is not.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks is considering wearing biologically recycled materials instead of plastic to coat its cups and is trying to rot existing cups.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

At the tavern of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, the paper cups are recycled by a local company named “Wriggler's Wranch”.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Most Starbucks taverns do not have recycling trash cans; only 1/3 of the company-owned taverns recycled any materials in 2007; [128] however, after repairs were made many recycling trash cans sprung up in the taverns (one thing that hampered Starbucks's ability having trash cans in every tavern is the absence of recycled material storage and collection facilities in some areas.)


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks gives its consumers a 10-cent discount if it brings its own cup.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks currently wears cardboard cup handles made of 85% recycled fiber that are 34% paper-free compared to before. [128]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Fair trade In 2000, the company introduced a line of fair-trade products. [129]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Of the 136,000 metric tons (300million pounds) of coffee Starbucks bought in 2006, only 6% were fair-trade certified. [130]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

According to Starbucks, they bought 2,180 metric tons (4.8also pounds) of Certified Fair Trade coffee in fiscal year 2004 and 5,220 metric tons (11.5million pounds) in 2005.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

They became the largest purchasers of Certified Fair Trade coffee in North America (10% of the world market).


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Transfair USA, [131] a third-party Fair Trade Certified coffee appraiser in the United States, noted the impact Starbucks generated in fair trade and the lives of coffee growers.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Since launching the FTC coffee range in 2000, Starbucks made a major contribution to farmer families through such a high growth in the volume of its FTC coffee.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

By offering FTC coffee in its thousands of taverns, Starbucks is also co-promoting the FTC label and helping raise consumer awareness.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

All espresso grills sold in the United Kingdom and Ireland are labeled Fairtrade. [132]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A number of groups such as Global Exchange have called on Starbucks to increase sales of its fair trading coffee. [133]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Beyond Fair Trade Certification, Starbucks states that it buys all of its coffee at above-market prices.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

According to this company, in 2004 they were on average paying $1.42 per pound ($2.64kg) for high-quality coffee beans, 74% above commodity prices at the time. [134]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

After a long dispute between Starbucks and Ethiopia, Starbucks agreed to support and promote Ethiopian coffee.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

According to the BBC, [135] Ethiopian ownership of popular coffees such as Harrar and Sidamo is also recognised despite not being registered.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The main reason Ethiopia is struggling to get this recognition is to give the poor peasants a chance to earn more money.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Unfortunately, this is not what happened.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2006, Starbucks admitted to paying $1.42 a pound for its coffee.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Coffee purchased by Starbucks at the previous value has a sale price of $10.99 per pound, after transportation, processing, marketing, tavern rent, taxes, and staff salaries and benefits. [136]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of August 2010, Starbucks states it only sells one still-new Ethiopian coffee on its website.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Ethos Water Ethos, a brand of bottled water that Starbucks purchased in 2003, is sold in several taverns in North America.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The Ethos bottle features the label “help kids get clean water” which refers to the fact that $.05 from each bottle costing $1.80 ($.10 per bottle in Canada) is worn to fund clean water projects in impoverished territories.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Although the sale of Ethos Water managed to raise more than $6,200,000 for clean water projects, the brand is not considered a charitable product.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The critics argue that the claims on the label deceive customers into thinking that Ethos is a charitable organization, but in fact it is a profit-seeking brand and most of its selling prices (97.2%) do not support clean water projects. [137] [138] The founders of Ethos state that the brand aims raise awareness of clean water issues in the third world and give customers the opportunity to support these efforts by choosing Ethos as their drinking water product. [139]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks is replacing the face of Ethos Water bottles in the United States and calls the amount of money donated per bottle on its label.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Market Strategy Controversy A number of methods Starbucks has used to expand and maintain their market dominance, including buying competitors' tavern leases, intentionally losing, and concentrating some taverns in small areas (market saturation), have been branded as anti-competitive by the critics. [140]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

For example, Starbucks began its initial expansion into the United Kingdom market by purchasing Seattle Coffee Company, but later used its resources and influence to acquire premium locations, some of which were at a loss.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Critics claim this as an unfair attempt to weed out small independent competitors who cannot afford inflationary prices for premium properties. [141]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks Workers' labor disputes in seven taverns have been joined by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) under the name Starbucks Workers Union since 2004. [142]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

According to a Starbucks Union press statement, the union's membership has since extended to Chicago, Maryland, and New York City, where the movement began. [143] [144] On March 7, 2006, the IWW and Starbucks agreed to a National Labor Relations Board settlement in the form of awarding US$2,000 in back wages to three Starbucks employees and offered the return of positions of two fired employees. [145] [146] [147] According to Starbucks Union, on November 24, 2006, IWW members surrounded Starbucks taverns in more than 50 cities in a number of countries such as Australia, Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom, as well as in United States cities such as New York, Chicago, Minneapolis, and San Francisco, [148] to protest the dismissal of five founders of the Starbucks Workers Union by Starbucks and demand the return of their posts.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A number of Starbucks baristas in Canada, [149] Australia, and New Zealand, [150] as well as the United States [151] are members of various unions.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2005, Starbucks paid US$165,000 to eight employees at its roasting plant in Kent, Washington, to settle demands that it rejected pro-union.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

At that time, the factory workers were represented by the International Union of Operating Engineers.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks pleaded not guilty in this settlement. [142]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The Starbucks strike occurred in Auckland, New Zealand, on November 23, 2005. [150]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Organised Unite Union, the workers demanded the safeguarding of working hours, a minimum wage of NZ$12 an hour, and the abolition of young employees' wages.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company agreed with the Union in 2006 to increase wages, security of working hours, and improve the wages of young employees. [152]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In March 2008, Starbucks was ordered to pay US$100million to its baristas in the form of back tips in a joint lawsuit in California waged by baristas mentioning that giving portions of tips to supervisors while violating state labor law.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The company is planning to appeal.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Equally, an 18-year-old barista in Chestnut Hill, MA, filed a lawsuit regarding this tipping policy.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Massachusetts law also states that managers may not accept portions of tips. [153] [154] A similar lawsuit was filed in Minnesota dated March 27, 2008. [155]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Open without permission Starbucks has been accused by a number of local authorities for opening several taverns in the United Kingdom in the area of shops without structuring permission to convert into restaurants.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks argues that, “Under the present structuring law, there is no official grouping for coffee shops.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks then faces a tricky scenario when local authorities interpret the rules in various ways.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

For example, coffee shops operate with A1 permits, some A1/A3 mix shops, and some other taverns A3". [156]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In May 2008, the Starbucks branch on St. James's Street in Kemptown, Brighton, England, was completed despite its permission being refused by the local structuring authority, Brighton and Hove City Council, who claimed there were already too many coffee shops on that street. [157] [158] Starbucks rejected the decision by claiming that their tavern was a retail store selling coffee bags, glasses, and sandwiches, getting a six-month extension, [159] but the city council ordered Starbucks move all of its tables and chairs from the premises to conform to retail store arrangement regulations. [160] 2,500 people signed a petition opposing the existence of the Starbucks tavern, [161] but after a June 2009 public inquiry, a government inspector gave standing permission for the tavern. [162]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A Starbucks tavern in Hertford won an appeal in April 2009 after being open for a year without a structuring permit. [163]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Two taverns in Edinburgh, [164] one in Manchester, [165] one in Cardiff, [166] one in Pinner and Harrow, are also open without arrangement permission. [156]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The Pinner Cafe, opened in 2007, won an appeal to stay open in 2010. [167]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

One tavern in Blackheath, Lewisham [168] also underwent investigation in 2002 for breach of its licence, operating as a restaurant with a four-seat licence and restricted to take-home services only.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

There comes a range of attacks from members of the local community who deny any major network opening branches in the conservation area.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

As of now, Starbucks still operates as a take-home coffee shop.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

False letters appeared various solicitations for boycotts of Starbucks shops and products because they said Starbucks sent some of its profits to the Israeli military, [169] but such allegations stem from a false letter to Starbucks President, Chairman, and CEO Howard Schultz, a Jew [170] and supporting rights Israel to stand. [171]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

He is the recipient of a number of Israeli awards, including “The Israel 50th Anniversary Tribute Award” for “playing an important role in promoting close relations between the United States and Israel. “[172]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The false letter claiming that Schultz had sent money to the Israeli military was actually written by Andrew Winkler, [171] [173] editor of the website ziopedia.org and an opponent of the Holocaust of Australian origin. [174]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Winkler admitted to falsifying the documents. [171]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks responded to these claims, “Neither Chairman Howard Schultz nor Starbucks funds or supports the Israeli Army.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks is a non-political organization and does not support any political actions. “[172]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The protest against Starbucks as a result of Winkler's letter is not the first.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Other protests also occurred in June 2002 at a number of universities in Cairo, Dubai, and Beirut in response to Schultz's criticism of Yasser Arafat. [173]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks has always been the target of activists rallying against Israeli intervention in Gaza over false claims.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks was forced to close its tavern in Beirut, Lebanon, as protesters shouted anti-Israel slogans and resulted in its customers running away. [175]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Demonstrators put up a number of banners in shop windows and sported white adhesive to create a Star of David on Starbucks's green-and-white emblem.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

They also spread a letter stating Schultz “is one of the pillars of the United States Jewish lobby and owner of Starbucks,” which he said donated money to the Israeli military. [176]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In January 2009, two Starbucksin taverns in London became the target of vandalism by pro-Palestinian protesters who broke glass and removed their gear after clashing with police. [177] [178] [178] [179] [180] [181] [182] “The Way I See It” Quotes from a number of artists, writers, scholars, and others popping up in Starbucks cups since 2005 in “The Way I See It” campaign. [183]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Several quotes resulted in controversy, including by authors Armistead Maupin and Jonathan Wells who associated 'Darwinism' with eugenics, abortion, and racism. [184]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A denial was later added to those cups stating that their words did not represent the views of Starbucks.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

United States military email A United States Marine Sergeant sent an email to ten of his colleagues in August 2004 after mishearing that Starbucks stopped donating coffee to the military because the company did not support the Iraq War.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

These e-mails spread widely and were sent to millions of people.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks and its shippers issued an official statement, [185] but Starbucks Vice President of Global Communications, Valerie O'Neil, stated these e-mails are still sent to her account every few weeks. [186] [187] [188] The gun controversy After gun laws in some U.S. states are getting increasingly lax, and many states adopted open carry or closed carry regulations, a number of gun owners began to oppose it when shopping daily or doing anything else.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Many stores and companies respond to this by banning the carrying of firearms on their premises, as many local state laws allow.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks does not use a policy of banning firearms in their taverns.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

In 2010, the Brady Campaign planned a boycott of Starbucks because of their firearms policies. [189] [190] At the time, Starbucks released a statement that, “We are compliant with local laws and regulations in all the cities we serve.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This means we accept laws permitting open carry in 43 U.S. states. In any place that does not enforce this law, carrying firearms openly in our taverns is not allowed.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Political, policy, and legal debates on this issue are the business of legislators and courts, not our tavern. “[191] [192] In 2012, the National Gun Victims Action Council published an open letter to Starbucks asking that they revisit its policies, as well as plan a boycott of “Brew not Bullets” until its policies are changed.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Valentine's Day was chosen as the day of the boycott. [193] [194] [195] In response to this, gun rights advocates started a reply buykot named “Starbucks Appreciation Day” to support Starbucks stance and pay for the product with two dollar bills as a symbol of support for the Amendment Second. [196] [197] [198] Same-sex marriage In January 2012, a Starbucks executive stated that he supported the legalization of same-sex marriage.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This resulted in the release of a boikoit by the National Organization for Marriage, a traditionalist Christian group. [199]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

On the other hand, 640,000 people signed a petition thanking Starbucks for its support. [200]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

European tax avoidance In October 2012, Starbucks was showered with criticism after a Reuters investigation found that it paid only £8.6 million in corporate tax in the United Kingdom over 14 years, while it dredged up profits of more than £3 billion.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

This also covers the absence of tax paid from sales proceeds of £1.3 billion over the three years prior to 2012. [201] [202] It is alleged that Starbucks was able to do so by setting high licence fees to its UK branches, so that they could declare a loss of £33 million in 2011. [203]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The British subsidiary pays patent fees to its United States subsidiary, purchases coffee beans from its Dutch subsidiary (whose corporate taxes are lower than the United Kingdom) and Switzerland for “miscellaneous services”. [204]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

A survey by YouGov stated that Starbucks's brand image was weakening due to controversy over taxes paid in the United Kingdom a few weeks after these allegations surfaced. [205]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Starbucks CFO said before the Public Accounts Committee in November that the Dutch government provides preferential tax value for their European headquarters where their business royalty payments are intended in Britain. [206]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Dutch law allows companies to send royalties earned from other countries to tax havens without additional taxes, unlike in the European Union. [207]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The CFO denied that they chose the Netherlands as their headquarters in Europe to avoid taxes, but because they had a coffee roasting plant there. [206]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Until 2009, the royalty was 6% of sales in the United Kingdom, but after criticism of the British tax authorities, it was reduced by up to 4.7%. [207]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The CFO said that the value represented the cost of designing the tavern and new products, but admitted there was no detailed analysis of the value decision.


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Coffee served in the United Kingdom is purchased from a subsidiary in Switzerland that charges an additional 20% on the wholesale price and pays a tax of 12% of its profit. [206]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

The coffee was not brought to Switzerland, but 30 people working in the subsidiary assessed the quality of the coffee. [208]


Question: when did F.L. Anthing get into Indonesia the first time?

Starbucks

Regarding the frequent losses of Starbucks in the United Kingdom, the CFO of Starbucks said that they are “not very happy” about their financial circumstances in the United Kingdom. [206]