Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Similarly, in carrying out the contemplation/deliberation is always compact in the sense of “Unite steadfastly, divorced collapse”, personal interest is valued within limits as long as it does not conflict with common interests based on groove and proper.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Symbol philosophical meaning The definition of philosophy of the symbol reflects the soul of the mind and life of the people of Tanah Datar who hummed customs and religions, and constantly obeyed the law, deliberation of contention, which is based on the plot and proper.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

“Elok dek awak, katuju dek urang” as well as consequent carrying out the results of the consensus towards the happiness of a fair and prosperous joint life in the container of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Government List of Regents of the House of Representatives of District Infrastructure Tanah Datar Regency is an agricultural area, this is seen from the dominance of the agricultural sector in the economy of the region, labor absorption and land utilization.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Agricultural sites are spread evenly throughout the region and their production continues to increase year after year.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

It requires a road network as a support for agricultural sector activities ranging from production, postanent and marketing activities.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Meanwhile, the condition of the existing road network has not been able to fully support the agricultural activity, it is seen from the still many road sections that are not qualified, the condition of the road surface is damaged and there are still many road sections through agricultural sites can not be Traversed by two-wheeled vehicles though, by overcoming the handling of this road network, then of course the agricultural sector activity will be more economical so that in itself can improve the economy of the local community and will also increase the development of the area of Tanah Regency Flat itself [3].


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

At this time the construction of roads in Tanah Datar Regency is basically only in the form of improving the quality of roads, while the opening of new roads is seen as still not possible because it is constrained by limited funds.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

During 2007 the number of bridges in Tanah Datar regency amounted to 238 pieces with a length of 2,019,60km.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

The most number of bridges contained in Tanjung Emas District as many as 33 pieces with a length of 383,20km.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Education For education data in 2006/2007, for Primary Schools shows that in Tanah Datar district there are 309 primary schools consisting of 302 public primary schools and 2 private primary schools, with total number of students 43,506 people, while madrasah ibtidaiyah 5 schools, 2 of them private with a total number of 534 students, thus clearly seen that the number of schools and the number of students in primary school is more when compared to madrasah ibtidaiyah which is only 1.31% of primary schools.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

The economy of Tanah Datar Regency is an agricultural area, over 70% of its population works in the agricultural sector, both food crops agriculture, plantations, fisheries, and animal husbandry.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Likewise with community businesses in other sectors also based on agriculture such as tourism and small industry or agro industry.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Tanah Datar people are also known to be fond of saving money with a total of Rp223 billion in 2004.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

The economic potential of Tanah Datar Regency can be categorized into three categories: Highly Potential, Potential, and Not Potential.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

For very potential agricultural sectors to develop are yam, cabbage, rubber, sugarcane, cut cattle breeding, horse breeding, cut goat farming, broiler breed chicken cultivation, nonpurebred chicken, duckling cultivation, and freshwater fish cultivation.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Other sectors that are very potential to develop are the civil building construction industry, retail merchants of processed foods, telecom stall businesses, souvenirs traders, and historical tourism.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Tanah Datar district is potential for almost all agricultural sectors except cloves, tobacco, spinach, and pepper.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

As for the mining sector that potential developed is lime excavation and sirtu.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Tanah Datar Regency Mining has potential mining materials in the form of crystalian limestone now managed by PT Inkalko Agung, dolomite, granite, sirtukil, clay, half-gemstone, trass, phosphate, coal, iron, gold, sulfur, quartz, and slate.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Industrial industry in Tanah Datar district is dominated by small industries such as sikek weave contained in Sepuluh Koto District, peanuts/fritters, ground coffee, yam crackers, leather crackers, woven sticks, palm sugar, cane sugar.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Large industrial sector in the form of silkworm farming by PT Sutera Krida.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

In 2004 the investment value of small industrial sector in Tanah Datar Regency reached Rp7 billion with a production value of Rp60 billion.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Tourism Luhak Nan Tuo, another name of Tanah Datar District.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Minangkabau people believe that the origin of Minangkabau people from Tanah Datar Regency, precisely from the hamlet Tuo Pariangan, District Pariangan.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Much evidence is still contained in Tanah Datar Regency such as Sawah Satampang Baniah, Lurah Nan Indak Barangin, Galundi Nan Baselo, and Graves Panjang Datuk Tantejo Gurhano who is known as the architect of gadang house.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Then from Luhak Tanah Datar, then Minangkabau people developed and moved to other areas such as Luhak 50 city and Luhak Agam.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

In Tanah Datar Regency today there are still many relics of Minangkabau indigenous history, both in the form of objects and the indigenous cultural order of Minangkabau.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Pledge “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah” is also called the Oath of Satie which is also in Tanah Datar was born, namely its place in Bukit Marapalam Puncak Pato, Lintau District of North Buo.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Tanah Datar Regency as the origin of the Minangkabau tribe has many historical places.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Tourist industry in Tanah Datar district is very potential to be developed.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Historical attractions found in Tanah Datar Regency include Pagaruyung Palace, Balairoom Sari, Puncak Pato, Adityawarman Inscription, Angkek-angkek Stone, Gadang Balimbing House, Watermill, Batu Bakurek, Nagari Tuo Pariangan, Fort van der Capellen, Batu Batikam, and Ustano Rajo.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

As for natural and cultural tourism in Tanah Datar Regency are Anai Valley, Panorama Tabek Pateh, Lake Singkarak Bukit Batu Patah, and Ngalau Pangian.


Question: What is the area of Tanah Datar Regency?

Tanah Datar District

Outlink Reference (in English) Flat Land


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

This article discusses Autistic Disorders.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

For other conditions often referred to as “autism”, see Autism spectrum disorders.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism is a developmental disorder of the nervous system in a person that mostly results from heredity factors and can sometimes be detected since the baby is 6 months old.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Detection and therapy as early as possible will make the patient more able to adjust to normal.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Sometimes therapy should be carried out for a lifetime, although Autism sufferers who are quite intelligent, having received Autism therapy as early as possible, can often attend Public School, become an undergraduate and be able to work to meet the required standards, but the understanding of colleagues during attending school and colleagues are often needed, for example, not complaining or not looking at the speaker's eyes, when spoken to.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

A prominent characteristic in a person with this disorder is the difficulty of fostering social relationships, communicating normally or understanding the emotions and feelings of others. [1]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism is one of the developmental disorders that are part of autism spectrum disorders or Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and is also one of the five types of disorders under the umbrella of Pervasive Developmental Disorders or Pervasive Development Disorders (PDD).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism is not a psychiatric disease because it is a disorder that occurs in the brain that causes the brain to be unable to function like a normal brain and this is manifested in the behavior of people with autism. [2]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism is the heaviest among PDDs.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The symptoms of autism can appear in children ranging from thirty months from birth to a maximum of three years old. [1] [3] Patients with autism may also experience problems in learning, communication, and language. [1]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

A person is said to have autism when experiencing one or more of the following characteristics: difficulty in qualitatively interacting socially, difficulty in communicating qualitatively, exhibiting repetitive behaviors, and having late or abnormal development . [4]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In the United States, autism disorders are four times more common in boys than girls and more often suffered by children of European American descent than others. [5]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In Indonesia, in 2013 there were estimated to be more than 112,000 children with autism within the age of 5-19. [6]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

While the worldwide prevalence of people with autism according to UNESCO data in 2011 was 6 among 1000 people with autism. [6]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Symptoms Historically, experts and researchers in the field of autism have had difficulty in determining a person as a person with autism or not.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

At first, diagnoses were leaned on the presence or absence of symptoms but today experts agree that autism is more of a continuum.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism symptoms can be seen when a child has weaknesses in three specific domains, namely social, communication, and repetitive behavior. [7]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Aarons and Gittents (1992) recommend a descriptive approach in diagnosing autism so as to include thorough observations in children's own social settings.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Settingya may be at school, in playgrounds or perhaps at home as a child's everyday environment where their obstacles and difficulties are evident among their normal peers.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Other issues that affect the accuracy of a diagnosis often also arise from the fact that problematic behaviors are attributes of less precise parenting.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

These behaviors may be the result of negative family dynamics and not as a symptom of a disorder.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The existence of incorrect interpretations in understanding the causes of why children show behavioral problems is able to cause negative feelings of parents.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The next question then is what can be done so that diagnoses are more accurate and consistent so that autism is truly separated from those conditions that are exacerbating?


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It is necessary to have a diagnostic model that includes the overall life of the child and evaluates the obstacles and difficulties of the child as well as the child's own abilities and skills.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It may be appropriate that later it is recommended that professionals in the field of autism also consider the whole area, for example: early development of the child, the appearance of the child, the child's mobility, the control and attention of the child, his sensory functions, the ability to play, the development of basic concepts, abilities that are elbow, musical abilities, and so forth that become the whole child himself.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Diagnosis Children with autism can appear normal in the first year as well as the second year of life.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Parents are often aware of delays in language skills and certain different ways when playing and interacting with others.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Such children may become very sensitive or even unresponsive to the stimuli of their five five senses (hearing, touch, smell, taste and vision).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Repetitive behaviors (flapping hands or fingers, wiggling the body and repeating words) can also be found.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Behavior can be aggressive (both to yourself and others) or even very passive.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Most likely, previous behaviors that are considered normal may be additional symptoms.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In addition to repetitive play, limited interests and barriers to socializing, some other things that are also always inherent in people with autism are unnatural responses to sensory information they receive, for example; noise, light, surface or the texture of a particular ingredient and the choice of a particular flavor in the food that is their favorite.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Some or all of the following characteristics can be observed in people with autism along with the spectrum either with the lightest to the toughest conditions.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Obstacles in communication, e.g. speaking and understanding language.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Difficulty in relating to other people or objects around it as well as connecting events that occur.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Play with toys or other objects unnaturally.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It's hard to accept changes to recognizable routines and environments.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Repetitive movements of the body or the presence of certain behavioral patterns The people with Autism and its spectrum are very diverse both in their abilities, level of intellect, and even behavior.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Some of these exist that do not 'speak' whereas some others may be limited in language so often found repeating a word or sentence (echolalia).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Those with high language skills generally use limited themes and find it difficult to understand abstract concepts.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Thus, there is always a unique individuality of the individuals of its counterparts.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Apart from the above characteristics, there are directions and guidelines for parents and practitioners to be more careful and concerned about visible symptoms.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in the United States mentions 5 types of behaviors to watch out for and the need for further evaluation: Children do not mumble until 12 months old The child does not show gestural abilities (pointing, chest, grasping) up to 12 months The child does not say a word until the age of 16 months The child is not able to use two sentences spontaneously at 24 months The child loses language skills and social interaction at a certain age The presence of the five 'red lights' above does not mean that the child Autism but because the characteristics of autism disorders are very diverse, a child should get a multidisciplinary evaluation which can include; Neurologist, Psychologist, Pediatric, Speech Therapist, Paedagog and other professions that understand the issue of autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

A specialist who is suitable to detect Autism is a Pediatrician (Sp.A) assisted by a Psychologist (Sp.KJ) to determine among other things the intelligence level of Toddler, Ear Nose Throat - Head and Neck Surgeon (Sp.tht-KL) to know between them Other Toddlers Who are not/less responsive to voices or even speechless and can be thought to be people with Autism, even if they are not.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Clinical symptoma according to DSM IV A. Social Interaction (at least 2): Unable to establish non-verbal social interaction: eye contact, facial expression, body position, less focused movements Difficulty playing with peers No empathy, pleasure/interest sharing behavior Less able to hold Social and emotional relationship 2 way B. Social Communication (at least 1): No/late speech, not trying to communicate non verbal Can talk but not for communication/initiation, egocentric Weird language & repeated/stereotypes How to play less variative/imaginative, less social imitation C. Imagination, flexible thinking and imaginative play (at least 1): Maintaining 1 interest or more in a very distinctive and exaggerated way, both intensity and focus Fixated on a ritualistic activity/useless routine There are peculiar movements that are typical and repetitive.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Often very amazed in certain parts of an object Autism symptoms can be very mild (mild), moderate (moderate) to severe, so people may not be aware of its entire existence.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Severe or mild autism disorders are often then paralleled with functioning.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It is said by experts that children with autism with low levels of intellect and cognitive, do not speak (nonverbal), have self-harm behaviors, as well as show very limited interests and routines performed hence they are classified as low functioning autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

While those who exhibit high cognitive function and intellect, are able to use their language and speech effectively and demonstrate the ability to follow routines commonly classified as high functioning autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Two dichotomies of the characteristics of the disorder will actually have a great effect on the educational implications and treatment models given to people with autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

May the author appeals to experts and forces in the field of autism to develop strategies and teaching techniques that are right for them.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Especially considering the fact from the results of previous studies mentioning that 80% of children with autism have low intellect and do not speak or nonverbal.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

But again, whatever diagnosis or label given priority is immediately given appropriate and earnest intervention according to their needs.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Raw references universally used in recognizing the types of developmental disorders in children are the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) 10th Revision of 1993 and DSM (Diagnostic And Statistical Manual) Revision IV of 1994 which are both of the same content.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Specifically in the category Perpasiv Developmental Disorders (Pervasive Developmental Disorder/PDD): Autism is shown when 6 or more of 12 symptoms are found that refer to 3 main areas of disorder, namely: Social Interaction — Communication — Behavior.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism as a spectrum of disorders then the symptoms can be evidence of various combinations of developmental disorders.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

If behavioral or communication tests cannot detect the presence of autism, then several screening instruments that have developed can be used to diagnose autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS): a childhood autism rating scale created by Eric Schopler at the beginning of 1970 which was based on behavioral observations.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The tool uses a scale of up to 15; children are evaluated based on their relationship with people, use of body movements, adaptation to change, hearing ability and verbal communication The Checklis for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT): in the form of a list of toddlers' autism examinations used for detecting an 18-month-old child, developed by Simon Baron Cohen in the early 1990s.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The Autism Screening Questionare: is a list of questions consisting of 40 item scales used in children over the age of 4 to evaluate their communication and social skills The Screening Test for Autism in Two-Years Old: an autism screening test for 2-year-olds who developed by Wendy Stone at Vanderbilt is based on 3 areas of child ability, namely; play, motor imitation and concentration.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Accurate diagnosis of Autism and other related developmental disorders requires a thorough observation of: the child's behavior, communication skills and other developmental abilities.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It will be very difficult to diagnose due to the presence of a wide variety of visible disorders.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Observation and interviews with parents are also very important in diagnosing.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The evaluation of teams consisting of various disciplines allows for standardization in diagnosing.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The team may consist of neurologists, psychologists, pediatrics, paedagogues, pathological speech/language, occupational therapists, social workers and others.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Causes Until now what causes a person can have autism has not been known for certain.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Research conducted by medical experts resulted in several hypotheses regarding the causes of autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Two things believed to trigger autism are genetic or hereditary factors and environmental factors such as the influence of chemicals or vaccines. [8]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Genetic factors Genetic factors are believed to play a big role for people with autism although it is not fully believed that autism can only be caused by genes from the family. [7]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Research conducted on autistic children showed that the odds of two identical twins having autism were 60 to 95 percent while the odds for two siblings having autism were only 2.5 to 8.5 percent. [7]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

This is interpreted as a large role of genes as the cause of autism because identical twins have 100% the same gene while siblings only have 50% of the same gene. [7]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Environmental factors There are conjectures that autism is caused by the MMR vaccine that is routinely given to children at an age where the symptoms of autism begin to be seen. [9]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

This concern was caused because a chemical called thimerosal used to preserve the vaccine contained mercury. [9]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It is this element of mercury that has been thought to potentially cause autism in children.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

However, there is no strong evidence supporting that autism is caused by the administration of vaccines.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The use of thimerosal in vaccine preservation has been dismissed but autism rates in children are getting higher. [9]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Treatment of autism The intensity of behavioral treatment in children with autism is important, but the fundamental issues encountered in Indonesia become crucial to overcome first.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Without ignoring other factors, some facts that are considered relevant to the problem of handling autism problems in Indonesia include: The lack of trained therapists in Indonesia.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Parents have always been pioneers in the intervention process so initially intervention centers for children with autism were built on family interests to ensure the continuity of their own child's education.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

There is no formal treatment instructions in Indonesia.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It is not enough to implement only outside teatment instructions whose application is not always in accordance with the culture of Indonesian children's life.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

There are still many cases of autism that are not detected early so that when the child becomes bigger, the more complex the problems of intervention faced by parents.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Experts who are able to diagnose autism, information about autism disorders and characteristics as well as formal institutions that provide educational services for children with autism have not been spread evenly across all regions in Indonesia.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It has not been completed to organize education for children with autism in schools.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In Article 4 of Law No. 20/2003 on the National Education System has mandated democratic and non-discriminatory education by upholding human rights, this support opens great opportunities for people with autism to enter public schools (inclusion) because nearly 500 public schools have been directed by the government to organise inclusion.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The final issue is no less important is the lack of knowledge both clinically and practically supported by the validity of empirically validated treatments/EVT data from handling autism problems in Indonesia.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism studies and research in addition to requiring substantial funding should also be supported by the validity of empiric data, but ethically, of course, no parent wants their child to be an experiment of a particular methodology.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Certainty and assurance for children's education process is the main consideration for parents in choosing one type of treatment for their children so that if these doubts can be answered through scientific authorities, the more open information for the wider public about knowledge- knowledge both clinical and practical in the process of treating autism problems in Indonesia.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Therapy Some types of therapy are traditional and have been tested over time while other therapies may have recently emerged.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Unlike other developmental disorders, not many treatment instructions have been published let alone procedures that are standard in dealing with autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

However, experts agree that therapy should be started at the very beginning and should be directed at the obstacles and delays generally shared by every autistic child, for example; communication and behavioral issues.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Comprehensive treatment generally includes; Speech Therapy (Speech Therapy), Occupational Therapy (Occupational Therapy) and Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to change and modify behavior.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The following is a simple description of the existing literature and a summary of a non-thorough explanation of some of the currently recognized treatments.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It becomes necessary for parents to find out and recognize the treatment chosen directly to the professional people in their field.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Some of these techniques are overarching programs, while others are designed towards specific targets that are the obstacles or difficulties of the defenders.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Educational Treatment, includes but is not limited to: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) whose principles are used in Lovaas research so often equated with Discrete Trial Training or Intensive Behavior Intervention.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The developmental approach attributed to education known as Floortime.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

TEACCH (Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication — Handicapped Children).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Biological Treatment includes but is not limited to: diet, vitamin administration and drug administration to reduce certain behaviors (aggressiveness, hyperactivity, self-harm, etc.).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Speech — Language Therapy (Speech Therapy), includes but is not limited to efforts to treat association disorders and auditory/auditory disorders.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Communication, improved communication skills, such as PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System), sign language, visual strategies using images in communicating and other communication advocates.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Intensive Autism Services, including team work from various disciplines that provide interventions both at home, school and other social institutions.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Therapies that are Sensory, include but are not limited to Occupational Therapy (OT), and Auditory Integration Training (AIT).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

With different types of therapy that parents can choose from, it is very important for them to choose one type of therapy that can improve the functionality of the child and reduce disorders and barriers to autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It is a pity that there is still minimal scientific data that can support various types of therapies that parents can choose from in Indonesia today.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The fact of mentioning that it is very difficult to make a study on autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

There are very many variables that a child has, from the severity of the disorder to the surrounding environment and not to mention the ethics that exist in it to make a study really controlled.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

It is absolutely impossible to control all existing variables that the data generated from previous studies may be statistically inaccurate.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

No one type of therapy works for all children.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Therapy should be adapted to the needs of the child, based on his potency, shortcomings and, of course, according to the child's own interests.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Therapy should be carried out on a multidisciplinary basis, for example using; occupational therapy, speech therapy and behavioral therapy as its basis.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Experts who handle children should be able to direct your choices towards various types of therapies that exist today.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

There is no guarantee whether the therapy chosen by parents or earnest families will work effectively.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

However, determine one type of therapy and perform it consistently, if there is no noticeable change or progress for 3 months can make changes in therapy.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The guidance and direction provided should be implemented by parents consistently.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

When there is seen significant progress over 3 months then other forms of intervention can be added.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Keep being objective and ask experts when other behavioral changes occur.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Prognosis It is estimated that there are 400,000 individuals with autism in the United States.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Since the year 80 — an, babies born in California — USA, have their blood taken and stored in an Autism research center.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The research was conducted by Terry Phillips, an expert in neuromedicine from George Washington University.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Of the 250 instances of blood taken, the results were astounding; a quarter of those children showed autistic symptoms.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities (NICHCY) estimates that autism and PDD in 2000 approached 50 — 100 per 10,000 births.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Frombonne's research (Study Frombonne: 2003) resulted in the prevalence of autism and its spectrum (Autism Spectrum Disorder/ASD) is: 60/10,000 — the best current estimate and there are 425,000 ASD people under the age of 18 in the United States.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In the UK, the most recent data is: 62.6/10,000 ASD.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Autism in general has been known to occur four times more often in boys than it does in girls.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Until now the cause has not been known for certain.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Today experts continue to develop their research to find out why even they can find the right 'cure' to overcome this phenomenon.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The areas that are the main focus in the research of experts, include; neurologically impairment and imbalances in the brain that are biochemical.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Dr.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Ron Leaf during a seminar in Singapore on 26—27 March 2004, mentioned several factors causing autism, namely: Genetic susceptibility — different genes may be responsible in different families Chromosome 7 — speech/language chromosome Variety of problems in pregnancy at birth or even after birth Although experts and practitioners in the field of autism cannot forever agree or even agree with the above causes.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The most important thing to note through the results of previous studies is that autism disorders are not caused by psychological factors, for example, because parents do not want children when pregnant.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

What about in Indonesia?


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

There has not been found accurate data on the real state in Indonesia, but in an interview in Kompas Newspaper; Dr. Melly Budhiman, a Child Psychiatrist and Chairman of the Indonesian Autism Foundation mentioned a remarkable increase.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

“When ten years ago the number of people with autism was estimated at one per 5,000 children, now it has increased to one per 500 children” (Compass: 2000).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In 2000, Dr. Ika Widyawati; Psychiatry staff of the Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia estimated that there were approximately 6,900 children with autism in Indonesia.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The number he thinks every year continues to rise.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

This is really worth looking out for because if the population in Indonesia today reaches more than 160 million, approximately how many people are recorded truly bearing austime along with its spectrum?


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The development of autism research Research on autism was first initiated by a psychiatrist from the United States, Leo Kanner, in 1943. [10]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Through his research paper entitled “Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact”, Kanner diagnosed eleven children who had the same disorder and described it as “autism”. [10]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In those days, children with autism were considered stupid and retarded children not as developmentally impaired children. [10]


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The results of this research conducted by Kanner later became a point of rejecting the development of autism research as well as the change in people's views towards children suffering from autism.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

The 1960 treatment of a child with autism was generally based on a model of psychodynamics, offering hope for recovery through experiential manipulations (Rimland, 1964).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

However models of psychodynamics are considered not effective enough.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

In the middle of the 1960s, there were a number of research reports that psychodynamic abusers could not deliver what they promised (Lovaas, 1987).


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Through various literature, some experts who have philosophical differences, treatment variations and other specific targets, such as: Rimland (1964): Examining the characteristics of parents who have children with autism, such as: hardworking, smart, obsessive, routine and details.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

He also researches the causes of autism which he thinks lead to biological factors.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Bettelheim (1967): The idea of the cause of autism is the presence of rejection from parents.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Infantile Autism is due to the expectation of parents not to have children, because at that time psychotherapy was very influential, then he institutionalized 46 children with autistime to get out of severe stress.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

But not reported in detail the continuation of the results of his work.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Delacato (1974): Autism caused by Brain injured.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

As a Physiotherapy, Delacato provides sensory treatment.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

This influence later developed on Doman who later developed the Gleen Doman method.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

Lovaas (1987): Applying Skinne theory and applying Behavior Modification to children with special needs, including children with autistism in it.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

He created intervention programs for special needs children that he undertook at UCLA.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

From the results of Lovaas programs, children with autism get behavioral modification programs that then develop professionally in psychology journals.


Question: Where did the word Asperger's Syndrome come from?

Autism

See also Asperger syndrome ADHD Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Reference Outside links at Curlie Category:Disability


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

List of wives and husbands of Argentine presidents

The following is a list of wives or husbands of presidents of Argentina (Spanish: Primera Dama or Primer Caballero).


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

The role of the Presidential spouse of the Spouse is not an elected position, carries no official duties and does not receive a salary.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

Despite this, he participated in humanitarian works and charitable activities.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

In addition, many have taken active roles in the campaign for the presidency.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

Eva Perón (1919-1952), First Lady from 1946 until her death, was the most important and influential First Lady, known for her charitable activities and feminist activities.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

Before his death, Congress named him with the title “Spiritual Leader of the Nation”.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

Isabel Perón was the first First Lady to become President of Argentina in 1974.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

Nestor Kirchner (1950-2010), former president of Argentina, was Argentina's first and only presidential husband, married to Cristina Fernandez, the current President of Argentina.


Question: When did Argentine President Juan Domingo Perón get married?

The wife and husband of the president of Argentina Reference Category:List of Argentine stubs


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

transl. Race (from French race, itself from Latin radix, “root”) is a classification system used to categorize humans in large and distinct populations or groups through their inherited phenotype, geographical origin, bodily appearance and tribalism.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In the early 20th century the term was often used in a biological sense to designate a variegated human population in terms of genetic terms with members having the same phenotype (outward appearance). [1]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

This meaning of “race” is still used in forensic anthropology (in analyzing bone remains), biomedical research and medicine by origin. [2]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In addition, in the United States for example, law enforcement uses the term “race” in determining the profile of suspects and the redrawing of residual looks that have not been identified.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Moreover, since in many societies, grouping by “race” follows a pattern of social layering, for social scientists researching social disparities, “race” can be a meaningful variable.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

As a sociological factor, the category of “race” can limitedly reflect a subjective explanation, concerning the identity of self and social institutions. [3] [4] Therefore, the “race” paradigm used in various disciplines suppresses in a multifaceted way on biological traits or in terms of construct social.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Although biologists sometimes use the understanding of “race” to make a distinction between a collection of traits, other scientists have come to the insight that understanding “race” is often used [5] naively [6] or too simplistic.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

“Race” has no taxonomic meaning for humans: all humans are members of the same hominid subspecies that is Homo sapiens sapiens. [7] [8] Social understanding and racial groupings change with time, including lay taxonomy [9] that determines the type of person who is essentialism based on visible traits.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Scientists consider biological essentialism to be outdated, [10] and generally do not support race-based explanations for group differentiation, both in terms of physical and behavioral traits. [6] [11] When people determine and use one particular sense for “race”, they create a social reality in which a particular social categorization is applied. [12]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Therefore “race” is seen as a social construct. [13]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The construct develops in a variety of legal, economic and socio-political contexts, and may be more a result than a cause of social reality. [14]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Although many scholars believe that “race” is a social construct, most experts agree that “race” has a real material impact in discrimination of attention, legal process, political practice, education etc.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Omi and Winant's theory of race formation says that “race is a concept that typifies and symbolizes social opposition and importance through reference to different human bodily types.” [15] The meaning and intent of the term “race” is generated and used by social institutions through a view of a cultural nature.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Since Omi and Winant, academics have conceived and revisited the intent of “race” as a social construction by researching the way the picture, understanding and assumption of “race” is formulated in everyday life.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Angela Davis, [16] Ruth Gilmore, [17] and Imani Perry [18] have traced the relationship between understanding “race” in terms of historical and social production in legal and criminal language, and its impact on policies on Black people in America, and their disproportionate numbers in prison .


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Socio and economic factors result from immense suffering in the naked group. [19]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Racial discrimination often coincides with a racist mindset, in which individuals and ideologies of one group see members of another group as a certain morally inferior “race”. [20]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

As a result, groups with little power are often alienated or oppressed, while dominant individuals and institutions are accused of being racist. [21]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Racism resulted from numerous instances of tragedy, including slavery and genocide. [22]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The first modern understanding of “race” It may be that human groups from the past always determine themselves as different from other groups.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

However, such differences are not necessarily necessarily seen as something natural, immeasurable and thorough.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

This kind of view is characteristic of the “race” that is used today. [23]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

At first, the word “race” was used to designate a nation or ethnic group.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Marco Polo for example, in his book written in the 13th century, outlined the “Persian race”. [24]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Present-day “race” appeared only in the 17th century. [25]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The European understanding of “race”, in line with a number of understandings now attributed to the term, arose at the time of the scientific revolution, where natural research began and took precedence, and a period of European imperialism and colonialism that created political relations between Europeans and peoples who have different cultural and political traditions. [23] [26] With the meeting of Europa people with peoples from different parts of the world, they discuss physical, social and cultural differences among different groups of people.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The rise of slave commerce in the Atlantic, which gradually replaced the longer-dated slave trade around the world, further encouraged to categorize human groups to justify subduing slaves of African origin. [27]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

With reference to their Classical sources and to Europe's own inter-nation relations — for example, the implacable hostility between England and France was highly influential over early European thinking about differences between peoples [28] — Europeans began to rile themselves and other peoples in groups based on physical appearance, and attaching to individuals in the group, behaviors and abilities that are considered deeply entrenched.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

A number of beliefs that attribute bodily differences between inherited groups, with intellectual, behavioral and moral traits that are also thought to be inherited. [29]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

A similar sense is found in other cultures, [30] for example in China, where a concept translated by the term “race” is associated with those believed to be the common descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and is used to affirm the unity of ethnic groups in China.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Violent infighting between ethnic groups has occurred throughout history and around the world. [31]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The first post-classical classification of humans in a “race” known was the Nouvelle division de la terre par les différents espèces ou races qui l'habitent (“The new division of the Earth by the species or races inhabiting it”) by François Bernier of France, published in 1684. [32]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In the 18th century, differences between human groups became the material of scientific inquiry.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

But scientific classifications of phenotype variation are often accompanied by racist ideas about abilities considered inherent in various groups, which always give the most excellent traits to Europeans or Whites, and increase other “races” in a continuum of traits which gradually becomes less good.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The classification of Carolus Linnaeus, creator of zoological taxonomy, of 1755 divided the human race Homo Sapiens in varieties “Europaeus”, “Asiaticus”, “Americanus” and “Afer”, each of which was associated with a different disposition: “sanguine”, “melancolis”, “choleric” and “bilious”. [33]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Homo Sapiens Europeaus is said to be active, intelligent and adventurous, while Homo Sapiens Afer is said to be cunning, slacker and reckless. [34]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In his book entitled The Natural Varieties of Mankind, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach published in 1775 put forth five major groups: “Caucasoid race”, “Mongoloid race”, “Ethiopian race” (later named “Negroid race”), “Indian race” and “Malay race”, but he did not propose any level between the races. [34]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

From the 17th to 19th centuries, the melting of layman's beliefs regarding differences between groups, with scientific explanations of these differences, resulted in what one expert called “ideology about race”. [26]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

According to this ideology, race is fundamental, natural, sustainable and separate.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In the United States, Thomas Jefferson's theory of race was influential.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

He saw Africans as inferior to Whites, specifically in terms of intelligence, and had excess sex lust, but considered Indians to be equal to Whites. [35]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In the last two decades of the 18th-century polygenism, namely the belief that different “races” had developed separately on each continent and did not have a common ancestor, [36] was put forward in England by historian Edward Long and anatomist Charles White, in Germany by ethnographer Christoph Meiners and Georg Forster, in France by Julien Virey and in the United States by Samuel Morton, Josiah Nott and Louis Agassiz.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Polygenism was popular and most spread in the 19th century, and culminated with the establishment of the Anthropological Society of London during the American civil war, in opposition to the anti-slavery Ethnological Society of London. [37]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The current debate on human evolutionary models In an article in 1995, Leonard Lieberman and Fatimah Jackson stated that any new support for a biological understanding of “race” would most likely come from research into human evolution.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

According to them, the question is about the consequences of human evolutionary models that exist now on the understanding of “race” based on biology. [38]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Currently all humans are classified as members of the species Homo sapiens and subspecies Homo sapiens sapiens.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Yet humans are not the first homininae species.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

The first species of the genus Homo is Homo habilis, which is estimated to have appeared in East Africa at least 2 million years ago.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Members of this species inhabit various parts of Africa in a rather short period of time.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Homo erectus was theorized to evolve more than 1.8 million years ago, and about 1.5 million years ago spread in Europe and Asia.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Almost all physical anthropologists agree that Homo sapiens evolved from African Homo erectus ((sensu lato) orHomo ergaster). [39] [40] Most anthropologists think that Homo sapiens flourished in East Africa, and then migrated out of Africa, replacing H. erectus populations in Europe and Asia (model “the origin of modern man from Africa).


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Recent Human evolutionary genetics (Jobling, Hurles and Tyler-Smith, 2004) support this “Out of Africa” model, however the recent sequencing of the Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes shows some admixture [41] Summary of various biological definitions for “race” “Race” as a social construct anthropologists and other evolutionary scientists are already switching from the term “race” to the term “population” to discuss differences in genetics.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Historians, cultural anthropologists and social scientists re-understand the term “race” as a cultural category or social construction, a particular way people talk about themselves and about others.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Many social scientists have replaced the term “race” with the word “ethnic group” to designate self-identifying groups based on their beliefs about culture, origin and common history.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In addition to the empirical and conceptual problems brought about understanding “race”, after the Second World War, scientists in the evolutionary and social fields were well aware of how beliefs regarding “race” were used to justify dissrimination, apartheid, slavery and genocide.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

This question grew crowded in the 1960s with the civil rights movement in the United States and the rise of many anti-colonial movements around the world.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Scientists have finally begun to think that “race” is a social construct, an understanding that people believe is an objective reality but actually gain trust because of its social function. [42]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

In 2000, Craig Venter and Francis Collins of the National Institute of Health fi United States announced a joint mapping of the human genome.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

After researching the data from the genome mapping, Venter saw that although the amount of genetic variation in the human species is about 1— 3% (i.e. more than 1% originally estimated), the type of variation does not support understanding “race” in a genetic sense.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Venter said that “Race is a social concept.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Open scientific concepts.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

There is no clear line (that would appear), had we compared all the genomes in sequence of all the people on top of the planet.”


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

“When we try to apply science to try to structure these social differences, it collapses everything. “[43]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Stephan Palmié asserts that “race” is “not a thing but a social relationship”; [44] or, by KataKatya Gibel Mevorach, “a metonym,” “a human wreath whose criteria of distinction are not universal and not fixed, but always used to regulate distinction. “[45]


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Thus, the use of the word “race” itself needs to be analyzed.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

More than that, Palmié and Mevorach say that biology will not be able to explain why or how people use the understanding of “race”.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

What would explain is history and social order.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

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Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. - forum organized by the Social Science Research Council, includes a March 2005 op-ed article by A.M. Leroi from the New York Times advocating biological conceptiosn of race and responses from scholars in a variety of fields.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race


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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Times Online,, October 27, 2004.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race


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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Catchpenny mysteries of ancient Egypt,, Larry Orcutt.


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Human race


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Human race

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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Judy Skatssoon,, ABC Science Online, Wednesday, 14 July 2004.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race


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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

OMB Statistical Directive 15,, Federal Register, 30 October 1997.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race


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Human race

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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

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Human race

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Human race

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Human race

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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Richard Dawkins: (extract from The Ancestor's Tale: A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Life) - On race, its usage and a theory of how it evolved.


Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

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Question: What kind of race exists in the world?

Human race

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. - bloodbook.com Category:Genetics Population Category:Taxonomy


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Sunan Giri is the name of one of Walisongo and the founder of Giri Kedaton kingdom, based in Gresik, East Java.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Sunan Giri built Giri Kedaton as a center for the spread of Islam in Java, whose influence even reached Madura, Lombok, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and the Moluccas.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Sunan Giri has several nicknames, namely Raden Paku, Pabu Satmata, Sultan Abdul Faqih, Raden 'Ainul Yaqin and Joko Samudro.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

He was born in Blambangan in 1442, and was buried in the village of Giri, Kebomas, Gresik.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Genealogy Some babad tell different opinions regarding the genealogy of Sunan Giri.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Some babad argue that he was the son of Maulana Ishaq, a mubaligh who came from Central Asia.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Maulana Ishaq is told to be married to Goddess Sekardadu, that is, the daughter of Menak Sembuyu ruler of Blambangan region during the late days of Majapahit rule.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Another opinion that Sunan Giri is also a descendant of the Prophet of Saw, namely through the lineage of Husayn ibn Ali, Ali Zainal Abidin, Muhammad al-Baqir, Ja'far ash-Shadiq, Ali al-Uraidhi, Muhammad an-Naqib, Isa ar-Rumi, Ahmad al-Muhajir, Ubaidullah, Alwi Awwal, Muhammad Sahibus Saumiah, Alwi Ats-Tsani, Ali Khali' Qasam, Muhammad Shahib Mirbath, Alwi Ammi al-Faqih, Abdul Malik (Ahmad Khan), Abdullah (al-Azhamat) Khan, Ahmad Shah Jalal (Jalaluddin Khan), Jamaluddin Akbar al-Husaini (Maulana Akbar), Ibrahim Zakuddin Al-Husaini (Maulana Akbar), Ibrahim Zakuddin Al-Husaini (Maulana Akbar), Ibrahim Zakuddin Al-Husaini (Maulana Akbar), Ibrahim Zakuddin Al-As-Samarqandy (Ibrahim Asmoro), Maulana Ishaq, and Ainul Yaqin (Sunan Giri).


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Generally the opinion is based on the history of East Java boarding schools, and Sa'adah Baalawi Hadramaut nasab records.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

In Hikayat Banjar, Prince Giri (aka Sunan Giri) is the grandson of Princess Pasai (Jeumpa?) and Dipati Hangrok (aka Brawijaya VI).


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Princess Pasai's marriage with Dipati Hangrok gave birth to a son.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

This unnamed son was married to the daughter of King Bali, then gave birth to Prince Giri.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Princess Pasai is the daughter of Sultan Pasai who was taken by the wife of Majapahit King named Dipati Hangrok (aka Brawijaya VI).


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Mangkubumi Majapahit at that time was Patih Maudara.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

The story of Sunan Giri is the marriage of Maulana Ishaq, an Islamic mubaligh from Central Asia, with Dewi Sekardadu, daughter of Prabu Menak Sembuyu ruler of the Blambangan region in the late days of Majapahit.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

However his birth is thought to have brought a curse in the form of an outbreak of disease in the region.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

So he was forced by his father (Prabu Menak Sembuyu) to dispose of his newly born son.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Then, Goddess Sekardadu willingly took her child to the sea/strait of Bali today.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Another version states that the marriage of Maulana Ishaq-Dewi Sekardadu did not get a good response from two patih who actually wanted to edit goddess sekardadu (Menak sembuyu's only daughter so that if she becomes her husband, they are the heir to the royal throne.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

When Sunan Giri was born, to realize his ambition, the two patih threw the baby sunan giri into the sea which was put in a crate.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Then, the baby was found by a group of crewmen (sailors) - namely patience and sobir - and brought to Gresik.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

In Gresik, she was adopted by a female merchant shipowner, Nyai Gede Pinatih.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Because it was found in the sea, he named the baby Joko Samudro.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

When he was old enough, Joko Samudro brought his mother to Ampeldenta (now in Surabaya) to study religion to Sunan Ampel.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Shortly after teaching her, Sunan Ampel learned the true identity of her beloved disciple.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Later, Sunan Ampel sent him along with Makdhum Ibrahim (Sunan Bonang), to delve into the teachings of Islam in Pasai.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

They were received by Maulana Ishaq who was none other than Joko Samudro's father.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

This is where, Joko Samudro who turned out to be named Raden Paku knows the origin and reason why he used to be banished.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Dakwah and art After three years of learning to his father, Raden Paku or better known as Raden 'Ainul Yaqin returned to Java.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

He then established a giri boarding school in a hills in Sidomukti village, Kebomas.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

In Javanese, giri means mountain.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Since then, he is known by people as Sunan Giri.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Giri boarding school later became famous as one of the centers of the spread of Islam in Java, even its influence reached Madura, Lombok, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Maluku.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Giri's influence continued to grow until it became a small kingdom called Giri Kedaton, which controlled Gresik and its surroundings for generations until it was finally subverted by Sultan Agung.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

There are several traditional Javanese artworks that are often considered to be associated with Sunan Giri, including children's games such as Jelungan, and Cublak Suweng; as well as some gending (Javanese instrumental songs) such as Asmaradana and Pucung.


Question: Where is sunan bonang spreading Islam?

Sunan Giri

Outer link {{subst: #if: |}} [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1442}} || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of birth missing {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1506}} ||LIVING =( living people)}}} | #default =1442 births}]] [[Category: {subst: #switch {subst:uc:1506}} || LIVING =Living people | UNKNOWN | MISSING= Year of death missing | #default =1506 deaths}}]] Template:Indo-bio-stub Giri Sunan Giri Sunan Giri Sunan Giri Sunan Giri Sunan Giri


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Pura Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta (“alam dewata saint perfectas”) [1] or often called simply Pura Jagatkarta is a Hindu archipelago temple located in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Once built, Jagatkarta Temple is the largest temple in West Java and the 2nd largest in Indonesia after Besakih Temple in Bali, considered a place of worship and worship towards Pabu Siliwangi and the hyang (ancestors) of Pakuan Pajajaran that once stood in the Parahyangan region.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

The layout of Jagatkarta Temple is located at the foot of Mount Salak, in Ciapus, Tamansari District in Bogor Regency.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Jagatkarta Temple was built in a unique location on Mount Salak because it is said that Pakuan Pajajaran Sunda once stood at the site.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Pakuan Pajajaran was the capital region of the Sunda Kingdom of Galuh, the last Hindu Kingdom in the archipelago (along with Majapahit) which experienced its golden age under the rule of Prabu Siliwangi, before being conquered by Javanese Muslims in the 16th century. [2]


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

The layout of Jagatkarta Temple is also based on the legend that the point is the place where Prabu Siliwangi reached moksa with his soldiers, so before it was built, a temple with a white and black tiger statue (emblem of Prabu Siliwangi) was erected as a tribute against the Kingdom of Pajajaran, the last Hindu Kingdom in the land of Parahyangan.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Some of the relics of Pajajaran are now stored in the National Museum of Indonesia in Jakarta.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

The footprints of Prabu Siliwangi imprinted on a stone ago known as Ciaruteun Inscription.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Road access from the foot of Mount Salak to Jagatkarta Temple has been widened since its construction was pioneered in 1995, so that vehicles can reach Pura easily.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

But because of the many visitors who come to follow the Ngenteg Linggih or inauguration of Jagatkarta Temple, the parking area is located away from the temple area.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

The construction of Jagatkarta Temple Development was pioneered in 1995 and is the result of mutual cooperation of Hindus of the archipelago.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Jagatkarta Temple has officially not been completed yet, but the main temple buildings such as parts of Pura Padmesana, Balai Pasamuan Agung and Mandala Utama have been completed.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Before entering the main area of Pura Jagatkarta there are also Melanting Temple and Pasar Agung Temple which are used specifically for praying, perfecting, and purifying offerings that will be arranged at Jagatkarta Temple as a form of gratitude.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Visitors are generally prohibited from entering the main temple, except for those who want to perform the ritual of praying, access only to the court outside the temple.


Question: What are the largest relics of the Hindu kingdom in Indonesia?

Parahyangan Agung Jagatkarta Temple

Reference Outside Category:Hindu Jagatkarta Category:Hindus in Indonesia Category:Sunda Category:Sunda Kingdom Category:Kabuyutan Sunda Category:Kabuyutan


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The 2018 FIFA World Cup became the 21st FIFA World Cup, a four-yearly international football tournament participated in by the men's national teams of FIFA member associations.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The tournament was held in Russia on 14 June to 15 July 2018, [1] after the country was selected as host on 2 December 2010.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

This edition of the World Cup became the first to be held in Europe since the 2006 edition in Germany.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The entire stadium except the Central Stadium is located in European Russia, western part of the Ural Mountains, in order to reduce travel time due to the vast country.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

This was the first World Cup hosted in Eastern Europe, [2] and the eleventh time in Europe.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

For the first time this tournament took place on two continents - Europe and Asia. [3]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

All stadiums, except one, are located in European Russia.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

With an estimated cost of more than $14.2billion, this represents the most expensive World Cup ever. [4]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

It was also the first World Cup to use a video assistant referee (VAR). [5]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The final round involved 32 national teams, consisting of 31 teams that qualified through the qualifying rounds and the home team that qualified automatically.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Of the 32 participating teams, 20 teams made consecutive appearances since the last edition in 2014 including defending champions Germany, while Iceland and Panama both made their inaugural appearances at the FIFA World Cup.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

A total of 64 matches were played in 12 stadiums spread over 11 cities.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The final match took place on 15 July at Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow. [6] [7] [8] The defending champions, Germany, were eliminated in the group stage, the first time since 1938 in which a German team did not qualify from the first round of the World Cup tournament they participated in. [9]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Spain, Portugal, and Argentina, each considered strong contenders prior to the tournament, [10] were eliminated in the round of the top 16, while the home team, despite starting as the lowest-ranked team in the tournament, unexpectedly reached the quarter-final round.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The tournament became the first time in which not a single team from either Argentina, Brazil, Germany, or Italy reached the top four, [11] and also the fifth time (after 1934, 1966, 1982, and 2006) where all the top four teams came from Europe. [12]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

France managed to become champions after defeating Croatia in the final match which took place on 15 July at Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow by a score of 4-2.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

While Belgium became champions after defeating the English team in the third place race match with a score of 2-0.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

This was the second World Cup title for France, and this result marked for the first time countries from the same continent won four consecutive tournaments (after Italy in 2006, Spain in 2010, and Germany in 2014).


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Host selection Stages of the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup host elections began from January 2009, where national associations had until 2 February 2009 to register. [13]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

At first, seven countries bid to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, but Mexico later withdrew, [14] while Indonesia's offer was rejected by FIFA in February 2010 because the Indonesian government failed to send a letter endorsing the offer. [15]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

During the election process, the non-UEFA countries (Australia, Japan, and the United States) gradually withdrew from the 2018 edition's host selection, while UEFA nations withdrew from the selection of the host of the 2022.That way, then the remaining four bidding to host the Cup FIFA World 2018, namely: England, Russia, Netherlands/Belgium, and Spain/Portugal.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Twenty-two members of the FIFA Executive Committee met in Zürich on 2 December 2010 to vote for them in choosing the hosts of both editions of the tournament. [16]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Russia won the 2018 edition of the host election via a second round vote.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The Spain/Portugal bid came second on top of the joint host bidding Belgian/Netherlands which finished third.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

England's bidding to organise a World Cup both failed in the first round. [17]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The complete voting results are as follows: [18] Critikan The election process is not separated from the criticism.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The English Football Body, The FA and others voiced concern regarding bribery on the part of the Russian team and corruption by FIFA members.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

It claimed four members of the executive committee had solicited bribes to give Britain a vote and Sepp Blatter said it was arranged before the vote won by the Russians. [19]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Garcia's 2014 report, an internal investigation led by Michael J. Garcia, was concealed from public release by Hans-Joachim Eckert, the chairman of FIFA's tribunal into ethics matters.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Eckert instead released an overview of shorter revisions, and his reluctance (in this case FIFA) to publish the full report led Garcia to resign in protest. [20]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Due to this controversy, the FA refused to accept Russia's exemption of wrongdoing granted Eckert, with Greg Dyke calling for a re-examination of the case and David Bernstein calling for a boycott of the World Cup. [21] [22] Team participants Qualifying For the first time in World Cup history FIFA, all eligible nations — 209 FIFA member associations except host team Russia which qualified automatically — followed the qualification process. [23]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Zimbabwe and Indonesia were subsequently disqualified before playing its first match, [24] [25] while Gibraltar and Kosovo who joined became FIFA members on 13 May 2016 after the draw of the qualifying round, but before the European Zone qualifiers began, were also contesting the qualifiers. [26]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The number of allocation slots of participating teams for each confederation has not changed since the 2014 World Cup. [27] [28] Qualifying matches started in the city of Dili, East Timor, on 12 March 2015 as part of the Asian Zone qualifiers, [29] and the main qualifying draw was held at Istana Konstantinovsky, Strelna, Sankt-Peterburg on 25 July 2015 at 18:00 local time (UTC+3). [30] [31] [32] [1] Of the 32 countries that qualified for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, 20 of them competed in the previous edition, 2014.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Iceland and Panama qualified for the first time, while for Iceland, they became the country with the smallest population to qualify for the World Cup. [33]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Other teams returning to feature after an absence of at least three editions include: Egypt, returning after 28 years of absence since last qualifying in 1990; Morocco, which last competed in 1998; Peru, returning after 36 years of absence (since 1982); and Senegal, competed for both times after reached the quarterfinals in 2002.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

This was the first time that three Nordic countries (Denmark, Iceland, and Sweden) and four Arab countries (Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia) qualified for the World Cup. [34]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The seeded teams that failed to qualify include four-time world champions, Italy, (for the first time since 1958) [35] and three times second champion, the Netherlands.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The four defending champions of the continental championship that failed to qualify include: 2017 Africa Cup of Nations champion (Cameroon), two-time Copa América champion and second champion of the 2017 Confederations Cup (Chile), the 2016 Oceania Cup champion (New Zealand), and the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup champion (United States, for the first time since 1986).


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Other seeded teams that failed with a barrage of poor qualifying results were Ghana and Ivory Coast, who qualified on the previous three editions.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

List of AFC Participants (5) Saudi Arabia Australia Iran Japan South Korea CAF (5) Morocco Egypt Nigeria Senegal Tunisia CONCACAF (3) Costa Rica Mexico Panama CONMEBOL (5) Argentina Brazil Colombia Peru Uruguay OFC (0) None qualified UEFA (14) Belgium Denmark England Iceland Germany Croatia France Poland Portugal Russia (hosts) Serbia Spain Sweden Switzerland JMPL|ka|500px|Teams that qualify for the World Cup Teams that fail to qualify for the World Cup Teams excluded from the tournament by FIFA before competing Nations that are not members of FIFA The draw is held at 1 December 2017 at 18:00 MSK at the Kremlin State Palace, Moscow. [36] [37] 32 teams were drawn to eight groups of which each group contained four teams.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

For the draw, the participating teams were divided in four pots based on the FIFA World Rankings as of October 2017.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Pot 1 contains hosts Russia (automatically placed in Position A1) and the top seven teams, Pot 2 contains the next top eight teams, and so does for Pot 3 as well as Pot 4. [38]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

This represents a different draw from the previous draw, where only Pot 1 was based on FIFA Rankings while the other pot was based on geographical considerations.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

However, it retained the fact that teams from the same confederation were not drawn against each other in the group stage, except UEFA where each group contained two teams.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Each team is required to register a starting squad with a total of 30 players.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

From the initial squad, each team registered a final squad with 23 players (three of whom became goalkeepers) before the FIFA deadline.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Players on the final squad can be replaced due to serious injuries until 24 hours prior to the team's first match, where substitutes do not need to be on the starting squad. [39]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

For players who are in the initial 30 squad names, there is a mandatory rest period from 21 to 27 May 2018, except for players involved in the 2018 UEFA Champions League Final played on 26 May. [40]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

In February 2018, it was announced that the number of players on the starting squad was increased from 30 to 35. [41]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Referees On 29 March 2018, FIFA released a list of 36 referees and 63 assistant referees selected to preside over matches. [42]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

On 30 April 2018, FIFA released 13 video assistant referees, who will only act in this capacity at the tournament. [43]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

On 30 May 2018, referee Fahad Al-Mirdasi of Saudi Arabia was outed for his attempted match score setting, [44] along with two of his assistant washmen, compatriots Mohammed Al-Abakry and Abdulah Al-Shalwai.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

There was no appointment of a new referee, but two assistant referees, Hasan Al Mahri of the United Arab Emirates and Hiroshi Yamauchi of Japan, were added to the list. [45] [46] Assistant referee Marwa Range from Kenya Kenya also resigned after the BBC released an investigation conducted by a Ghanaian journalist who implicated Marwa in bribery scandal. [47]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

In November 2017, the list of referees selected to lead matches was released. [48]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Video assistant referees Not long after the International Football Association Council's decision to incorporate video assistant referees (VAR) into the Rules of the Game, on 16 March 2018, the FIFA Council took an attention-grabbing step by approving the use of VAR for the first time in FIFA World Cup tournaments. [49] [50] VAR operations for all matches are run from one headquarters in Moscow, which receives live video of the match and in radio contact with the field umpires. [51]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Systems are available to communicate VAR related information to broadcasters and visuals on large stadium screens used for supporters attending. [51]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

VAR has had a significant impact in some matches. [52]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

On 15 June 2018, Diego Costa's goal against Portugal became the first World Cup goal based on a VAR decision; [53] the first penalty as a result of a VAR decision was awarded to France in their match against Australia on 16 June and resulted in a goal by Antoine Griezmann. [54]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The number of penalties awarded in this tournament broke a new record, where this phenomenon is partly attributed to VAR. [55]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Overall, the new technology has been praised and criticized by different commentators. [56]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

FIFA declared the application of VAR a success after the first week of competition. [57]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Russian organizing venues applied for the following cities to host: Kaliningrad, Kazan, Krasnodar, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov na Donu, Sankt-Peterburg, Samara, Saransk, Sochi, Volgograd, Yaroslavl, and Yekaterinburg. [58]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The entire host city is in or near European Russia to reduce the travel time of the participating teams due to the vast country.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The bidding evaluation report stated: “The Russian bidding submitted 13 host cities and 16 stadiums, thereby exceeding FIFA's minimum requirements.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

Three of the 16 stadiums will be renovated, and 13 will be built new. “[59]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

As of October 2011, Russia reduced the number of stadiums from 16 to 14.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The proposed construction of the Podolsk stadium on the territory of Moscow was cancelled by the local authorities, and still in the capital, Otkrytiye Arena competes with Dynamo Stadium over which stadium was built first. [60]


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The final choice for the host city was announced on 29 September 2012.


Question: where does the 2017—2018 FA Cup take place?

2018 FIFA World Cup

The number of cities was reduced back to 11 and the number of stadiums to 12 as Krasnodar and Yaroslavl were removed from the final list. [61]