Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

In August 2006, Indosat launched StarOne with CDMA2000 1x EV-DO network in Balikpapan.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

At the same time, Bakrie Telecom introduced this service to hold a remote lecture between Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) and California Institute for Telecommunication and Information (Calit2) at San Diego State University (UCSD) California.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The government through Depkominfo issued Permenkominfo No. 01/2006 dated January 13, 2007 on the arrangement of 2.1GHz Radio Frequency Band For Implementation of Mobile Mobile Network IMT-2000, mentioning that the implementation of a local fixed network with limited mobility can only operate in the 1.900MHz radio frequency band up to 31 December 2007.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Networks at these frequencies will be only intended for 3G networks.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Operators are prohibited from building and developing networks on that radio frequency band.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Therefore, based on the decision, the FWA-based CDMA mobile operators inhabiting the 1.900MHz frequency should immediately migrate to the 800MHz frequency.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

At that time there were two operators inhabiting the CDMA frequency of 1.900MHz, namely Flexi and StarOne.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Finally, Telkom cooperated with Mobile-8 in organizing Fren and Flexi services, while Indosat with StarOne products cooperated with Bakrie Telecom's Esia.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The number of mobile users in Indonesia is starting to experience a boom.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The number of mobile service subscribers from the three largest operators (Telkomsel, Indosat, and Excelcom) alone has reached 38 million.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

That does not include CDMA operators.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

This is due to the cheapness of mobile service rates when compared to previous times which is still quite expensive.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

But when compared to the number of Indonesian population which was around 220 million at the time, the figure of 38 million is still quite small.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The carriers still see a huge business opportunity from the mobile telecom industry.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

So, in order to reach a lot of new customers, while retaining old customers, the operators imposed a tariff war that made mobile service rates in Indonesia cheaper.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

But behind the fanfare of cheap tariffs, BRTI (Indonesian Telecommunications Regulatory Agency) and KPPU (Business Competition Supervisory Commission) found an interesting fact, it turned out that the mobile operators have carried out a cartel of mobile service tariffs, by imposing minimal tariffs that can be imposed on among the operators belonging to the cartel [5].


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

One other fact found by BRTI and KPPU is the cross-ownership of Temasek Holdings, a company owned by the Government of Singapore, in PT Indosat Tbk (Indosat) and PT Telekomunikasi Cellular (Telkomsel), which makes mobile service rates quite high.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

So, the government through Depkominfo finally issued a policy that requires mobile operators to lower their rates 5%-40% since April 2008, including a decrease in interconnection rates between operators.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

This tariff reduction will be evaluated by the government for 3 months. 2009-2012: The development of telecommunications in Indonesia in 2009, has been operating a number of 10 operators with an estimated number of subscribers around 175.18 million.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The following is the Table of Customer Gains as of 2009 on each Operator: Most operators have launched 3G and 3.5G services.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

All GSM operators have applied UMTS, HSDPA and HSUPA technologies on their networks, and CDMA operators have also applied CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

As a result of the government's policy on decreasing fares in early 2008, as well as the incessant tariff war of operators, the quality of mobile operator services in Indonesia continues to deteriorate, especially during rush hours, meanwhile, promotional tariffs are often just reasonable- wits, it even tends to harm the consumer itself.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The number of mobile users in Indonesia until June 2010 is estimated at 180 million subscribers, or reaching about 80 percent of the population.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Of those 180 million mobile subscribers, as many as 95 percent are prepaid subscribers.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

According to ATSI (Indonesian Cellular Telekomunikasi Association) records, Telkomsel subscribers until June 2010 reached 88 million numbers, XL about 35 million, Indosat around 39.1 million, the rest were Axis and Three customers.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

President Director of PT Telkomsel, Sarwoto said that in terms of revenue all mobile operators have broken the number of IDR 100 trillion.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The industry is expected to continue to grow, investment continues to increase to around US$2 billion per year, with the number of base stations reaching over 100,000 units.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Prospects of mobile telecommunications in Indonesia In Indonesia, 4G technology began to be introduced, starting with the development of WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) by the Government [12].


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The government as regulator has published three regulations in February 2008 through the decree of Director General Postel No. 94, 95, 96 regarding technical requirements on telecommunication tools and devices at a frequency of 3.3 Ghz, as the frequency to be occupied by WiMAX in Indonesia.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The government itself has prepared a fund of IDR 18 billion for research and development of WiMAX technology in Indonesia, in partnership with several research institutes and universities. [13]


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The government opened internet access to the public while trialling local WiMAX technology for three consecutive months from October 15 to the end of 2008.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

WiMAX itself is the latest telecommunications technology that makes it easy for people to get quality internet connections and perform internet protocol-based telecommunication wireless activities and technologies running at frequencies of 2.3 and 3.3GHz.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Telkomsel has used a frequency of 5.8GHz to test the WiMAX technology.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

However, because it does not have a license license, this operator claims to borrow devices and frequency-use permits from other organizers.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Telkomsel themselves claim they will not commercialize WiMAX, because they prefer LTE (Long Term Evolution) as their future technology.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Telkomsel uses this WiMAX technology for backhaul only.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Meanwhile, Indosat through IndosatM2 products cooperated with Intel to offer computer procurement programs along with wireless internet connections in schools.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The program would later become a forerunner to aim for WiMAX opportunities in schools.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Seeing Indonesia's large population with new mobile penetration almost 50%, there is still a wide open opportunity to reach many new customers.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

In 2012, it is estimated that mobile penetration in Indonesia will reach 80%. [14]


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

On 14 November 2013, telecommunications company Internux launched the first 4G LTE service in Indonesia, Bolt Super 4G LTE.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The technology applied is Time Division Duplex (TDD-LTE) at a frequency of 2300MHz.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Bolt offers data access speeds of up to 72 Mbps. [15]


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

On 3 July 2015, telecommunications company Berca Hardayaperkasa launched the second 4G LTE service in Indonesia, Hinet.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Hinet offers data access speeds of up to 72 Mbps.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

On 27 June 2017, telecommunications company Sampoerna Telekomunikasi Indonesia launched the third 4G LTE service in Indonesia, Net1.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

The technology applied is Time Division Duplex (TDD-LTE) at a frequency of 450MHz.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Net1 offers data access speeds of up to 30 Mbps.


Question: Is Payphone still present in Indonesia?

Mobile telecommunications in Indonesia

Reference Outside Category:Telecommunications in Indonesia


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe Hok Gie () was a Chinese Indonesian activist who opposed the successive dictatorships of Presidents Soekarno and Soeharto.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

He was a student of the Faculty of Literature University of Indonesia Department of History in 1962—1969.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe's biographer was an ethnic Chinese [3] Roman Catholic.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe Hok Gie's own ancestor was originally from Hainan province, People's Republic of China.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

His father was named Soe Lie Piet aka Salam Sutrawan.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

He was the fourth of five children in his family; his older brother Arief Budiman, a sociologist and lecturer at Satya Wacana Christian University, was also quite critical and vocal in Indonesian politics.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Education and career After spending his final years at Kolese Kanisius High School, Soe lectured at the University of Indonesia (UI) from 1962 to 1969; after completing his university studies, he became a lecturer at his alma mater until his death.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

He during his period as a student became an active dissident, protesting against President Sukarno and the PKI.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe was a prolific writer, with numerous articles published in newspapers such as Kompas, Harian Kami, Sinar Harapan, Mahasiswa Indonesia, and Indonesia Raya.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

After Riri Riza released a film titled Gie in 2005, the articles were compiled by Stanley and Aris Santoso published under the title of Transitional Age by publisher GagasMedia.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

As an advocate of living close to nature, Soe was as quoted by Walt Whitman in his diary: “Now I see the secret of the making of the best man is to grow up in the open air and to eat and sleep with the earth.”


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

In 1965, Soe helped establish Mapala UI, an environmental organization among students.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

He enjoyed hiking activities, and died from inhalation of poisonous gases while climbing the Semeru volcano the day before his 27th birthday.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

He died along with his partner, Idhan Dhanvantari Lubis.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

He was buried in what is now the Taman Prasasti Museum in Central Jakarta. [4]


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe once wrote in his diaries:Test A Greek philosopher once wrote... the best fate is not to be born, the second to be born but to die young, and the most important thing is old age.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

The tastes are.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Happy are those who die young.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe's statement was similar to a comment by Friedrich Nietzsche, to a Greek philosopher.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

His diary was published in 1983, under the title Note of a Demonstrator containing his opinions and experiences towards democratic action.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe in his university thesis was also published, under the title Under the Red Lanterns.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe's diary was the inspiration for the 2005 film, titled Gie, which was directed by Riri Riza and starring Nicholas Saputra as Soe Hok Gie.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Soe was also the subject of a 1997 book, written by Dr John Maxwell entitled Soe Hok Gie-: Diary of a Young Indonesian Intellectual.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

The book was translated into Indonesian in 2001, and titled Soe Hok Gie: Young Intellectuals Struggle Against Tyranny.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Gie is known as a prolific writer in several mass media, for example Kompas, Harian Kami, Sinar Harapan, Student Indonesia, and Indonesia Raya.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Some 35 of his articles (roughly a third of his entire work) over the three-year span of the New Order, were already booked and published under the title Transitional Age (Spans, 1995).


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Also his young scholar thesis regarding Sarekat Islam Semarang, in 1999 published Yayasan Bentang under the Red Lantern.


Question: Where is Ho Kim Ngo's house in jakarta?

Soe Hok Gie

Previously, his undergraduate thesis which reviews about the PKI uprising in Madiun, has also been posted with the title People at the Left Crossroads See also Mapala UI Gie, film in 2005 List of missing activists in kidnap Bibliography CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Reference Translated from Outlink {{subst: #if:soe Hok Gie|}} [[Category: {subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1942}} || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of missing birth {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1969}} ||LIVING =( living people)}} | #default =1942 births}]] [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1969}}} || LIVING =Living people | UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of death | #default =1969 deaths}}] Category:Indonesian activists Category:Indonesian activists Category:Figures Force 66 Category:Student movements Category:Chinese-Indonesian Category:Alumni Kolese Canisius Category:Alumni University of Indonesia Category:Peranakan


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama (山明, Toriyama Akira, born April 5, 1955 in Nagoya, Aichi) is one of the legendary mangaka in Japan and even the world.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He produced many great works, among them Dragon Ball, Fox Tale, and Blue Dragon.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In addition to creating manga she has also worked as a character designer for several well-known video games such as the Dragon Quest series, Blue Dragon, and Chrono Trigger.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama is considered one of the artists who has changed the history of manga due to his critically acclaimed and influential work on subsequent manga artists.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He won the 1981 Shogakukan Manga Award for the best shōnen or shōjo manga, Dr. Slump and his work sold over 35 million copies in Japan.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dr.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Slump was adapted into a successful anime series and also an anime both made in 1997 or thirteen years after the manganya finished.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

His next series is Dragon Ball which has become one of the most successful and famous manga in the world.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Ball has sold over 230 million copies worldwide and became the number three best selling manga of all time and is considered to be one of the main reasons for the “Golden Age of Jump” lapse in the period of the mid-1980s and 1990s when the circulation of manga was in a period peak.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Overseas, the anime adaptation of Dragon Ball was even more successful than its manga and was recognized to be a driver of the anime's popularity in the world especially the Western World.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama's personality and personal life is a shy one to the point of disliking interviews.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama likes short-haired women. [2]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

She married shōjo manga artist Nachi Mikami in 1982 and they have had two children: a boy named Sasuke born in April 1987 and a daughter born in late 1990. [2]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

During his career, Toriyama created more than 40 manga series.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama always felt apprehensive at his work until he did not hesitate to redraw again and again the same picture if he felt the picture was not perfect.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Therefore, he often stayed up late to finish his work and sometimes complained about the absence of free time.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Instead, he hated thinking too much about an illustration because he wanted to finish it as soon as possible with the aim of directly assessing the results.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama preferred to live in quieter rural areas because he felt he could be more able to devote himself to his work and family than in a big city.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Her biggest hobby is collecting scale models, she has dozens of models and sometimes even more fun collecting models than working. [3]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama is an animal lover and has raised many animals as when he was still working on Dr. Slump, he had two dogs named Turbo (-maru) and Turbo II, [3] a cat named Ohiru and many birds.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

At the time of Dragon Ball, he had a powerful Siberian named Matryoshka (short name “Mato”) and he also had a black cat called Koge. [2]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

After Mato's death in 1995, she began to keep a Welsh Corgi dog named Toma and in 1999 she owned the cat Cornih Rex (which she made the basis for the design of the character Beerus, as well as some elements of Neko Majin) [4] and many birds.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama is fond of playing video games, watching movies (his favorites are Alien and Galaxy Quest), looking for the wind with his dog and riding motorcycles (a passion that has never been separated from him since he got his driver's license in 1984).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

What's astounding is that she admitted she wasn't particularly interested in manga and anime and only said she enjoyed it until she was about 11 after her interest moved to movies.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama's greatest happiness is having a good family.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Childhood biography and debut (1955—1979) Akira Toriyama was raised by his parents in Kiyosu, Aichi Prefecture and has also had an older sister [5] who has had two children. [3] [5] He spent his childhood in Kiyosu which was then a rural area right on the outskirts of Nagoya.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

From an early age, she had a passion for drawing and was affected by the productions of her time (Disney and Osamu Tezuka's Astro Boy films).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

However, after junior high school, his interest in comics and cartoons waned and switched to live action films such as westerns, war and science fiction.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama entered an Engineering High School in Nagoya to study design which led him to refocus on drawing.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

After his final year in high school, Toriyama decided not to continue his learning to university and started working only.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He got his first job at the age of 20 as an in-house chart designer at a small advertising firm in Nagoya, He resigned two and a half years later due to dislike his daily routine.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 1977, Toriyama was looking for a job when he found out about the Shōnen Jump Monthly Awards, a contest sponsored by Shueisha the largest manga publishing company in Japan.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He participated in the contest twice and submitted his work Awawa World () Wars).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

However, after Mysterious Rain Jack, Toriyama received a call from Kazuhiko Torishima, an editor of Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump telling him not to give up and try harder.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

A few months after Torishima's phone call, Toriyama made his first publication manga titled Wonder Island.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

His work was published Weekly Shōnen Jump issue 52 of 1978, unfortunately he failed to take the attention of readers.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The following year, Toriyama offered several new manga projects that were later rejected.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

This dark period could have been the end of his ambitions, but the small success of Tomato, Girl Detective in 1979 gave him hope again. Dr. Slump (1980—1984) In January 1980, Akira Toriyama received his first major success, Dr. Slump.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He first made famous from this manga which was published on Weekly Shōnen Jump from January 1980 to August 1984.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The series was also published in eighteen tankōbon volumes.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

During 1981 to 1984, Akira Toriyama made a number of short manga that came to great results; its main was Pattern & Roid which saw him win the 1981 contest for manga artist Shōnen Jump and Pink (1982).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

While drawing the marriage of the characters Dr. Slump, Senbei Norimaki and Midori Yamabuki, Akira Toriyama himself married shōjo manga artist Nachi Mikami in 1982. [2]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

His wife stopped her career after this opportunity.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Also in 1982, Dr. Slump Toriyama won the Shogakukan Manga Award for the best shōnen or shōjojo-manga series that year. [6]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

This initial success earned Toriyama a place among the new manga artists of the time which included Masakazu Katsura who later became one of his best friends and collaborated with him a few years later for several manga.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The success of Dr. Slump thus led the production company Toei Animation to make two television animation adaptations.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

First was Dr. Slump and Arale-chan which aired from 1981 to 1986 on Fuji TV and spawned 243 episodes and its remake series titled Dr. Slump for 74 episodes from November 26, 1997 to September 22, 1999.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

There are also eleven films based on Dr. Series.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Prior to the 1997 anime remake, a four-volume sequel manga was made by Takao Koyama and Katsuyoshi Nakatsuru titled Dr. Slump Returns, But Only For a Little While that ran from 1994 to 1996.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama himself later made a short sequel to Dr. Slump titled Dr. Mashirito and Abale-chan in 2007.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 1983 she set up her own working studio called Bird Studio.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In that same year, he made two new manga, Dragon Boy (年, Doragon Bōi) and The Adventures of Tongpoo (トンドー大, Tonpū Dai Bōken) which became the prototype for his next mango series, Dragon Ball.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Ball (1984—1995) Dragon Ball was one of the main keys to “The Golden Age of Jump”.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The success from Dragon Ball prompted Akira Toriyama to continue his work on the series from 1984 to 1995.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

During those eleven years, he made 519 chapters collected into 42 tankōbon volumes.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Each of the volumes has an average of 200 pages, so the entire Dragon Ball story is nearly 9,000 pages long.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama had three editors for his manga series: Kazuhiko Torishima who worked alongside Toriyama for his first manga series, Dr. Slump and the initial half parts of the Dragon Ball manga; Yu Kondo who handled Dragon Ball during his most famous period and Fuyuto Takeda who took over this position during the Perfect Cell Saga and also served as Toriyama's editor for the work of Purna-Dragon Ball.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama had only two assistants during his career.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Hisahi Tanaka who worked on the first half part of Dr. Slump and Takashi Matsuyama who became Toriyama's assistant for the second half of Dr. Slump, the entire Dragon Ball manga and Purna-Dragon Ball.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Ball's gains quickly led Toei Animation to create three of its television animated series (Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball Z and Dragon Ball GT), feature-length animated films and video games.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

As the original creator of Dragon Ball, Akira Toriyama will be present at the production meeting to prepare input on the progress of the series, also giving general ideas on the development of original materials for three anime series and even preparing character designs and sketches for filler characters and movies .


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The Dragon Ball anime has spawned over 500 episodes in Japan and is produced and licensed for North America and Australia by FUNimation Entertainment.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Another success Together with Akira Sakuma, Akira Toriyama co-wrote Hetappi Manga Kenkyūjo, a manga that explains how to make manga.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The manga was first published in Fresh Jump between October 1982 to March 1984 and was made into a single volume in 1985.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama's ability in designing led him to the job of designing the character of the amazingly famous Dragon Quest role-playing game series (formerly called Dragon Warrior in North America) since 1986, as well as the anime adaptation of his second Dragon Warrior: Legend of the Hero Abel which began in December 1989 on Fuji TV.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Several Dragon Quest monsters designed by Toriyama make cameo appearances during the beginning of the 22nd Tenkaichi Budokai Tournament at Dragon Ball.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 1988, she created a puppet character for a short film titled Apple Pop which was shown in April on Hirake Ponkikki, a Japanese TV program for children.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In that year, Toriyama produced his first animated film, Kosuke & Rikimaru — The Dragon of Konpei Island which lasts an hour and features two young samurai who become guardians of the island of Konpei where a dragon lives.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He worked alongside the people who animated his manganese film adaptation, Pink and Kennosuke-sama (之) which was screened as part of a triple feature with Dragon Ball Z: The Tree of Might during the Toei Anime Fair in July 1990.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In this year, she started creating a new manga series titled Cashman — Saving Soldier (金士 CASHMAN) which was published on V-Jump.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

A sequel to this manga supervised by Akira Toriyama was made in 1998 by Takao Koyama and Katsuyoshi Nakatsuru under the title New Cashman — Saving Soldier.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 1993, she wrote Go!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Go!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Ackman, a manga that has been adapted into a three-platform game series for the Super Famicom and a romp game in a Pac-Man-like maze for the Game Boy between 1994 and 1995.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Go!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Go!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Ackman was also adapted into a fifteen-minute animated film that aired at V-Jump Festa 1994.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Between 1993 and 1995, exhibitions of Toriyama's works were held in a major Japanese city and garnered more than 400,000 visitors in three years.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama has also been the character designer of Chrono Trigger for the Super Famicom, PlayStation and Nintendo DS RPG (1994, 1999 and 2008), the fighting game Tobal No. 1 (1996) and its sequel Tobal 2 (1997) for the PlayStation, also Mistwalker Xbox 360 exclusive RPG Blue Dragon (2006) and its anime adaptation (2006) and its anime adaptation ( 2008).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama discontinued his Dragon Ball manga in 1995 because he wanted to take a short break and did not rush to draw shorter manga stories.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In this year anyway, he did some interviews for Daizenshuu, a book series containing an encyclopedia of coverage of the Dragon Ball series.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama's works after Dragon Ball are short stories (100-200 pages) and cover Cowa! (1997—1998), Kajika (1998—1999), Sand Land (2000) and Nekomajin (1999—2005).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He designed a new cover as the Dragon Ball manga would be re-released from December 4, 2002 to April 2, 2004 as part of kanzenban's 34-volume collection and he also slightly rewrote the last four pages.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

On December 6, 2002, Toriyama made his only appearance in the United States at the launch of the North American Weekly Shōnen Jump balance, Shōnen Jump, in New York City.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Ball and Sand Land Toriyama were published in the magazine in the first issue which also included an in-depth interview with him.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 2003, Toriyama created a children's book called Toccio the Angel. [7]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

On March 27, 2005, CQ Motors began selling an electric car designed by Toriyama.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

It sells for 1,990,000 yen (about $19,000 US), with a top speed of 30km/h (19 mph) and is available in five colours.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Designed similar to an American street rod, the QVOLT has a roof and doors that open by looking pulling a rope.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama said that this car spent a year on its design, “but because of the construction capabilities of my genius mini-model, I finally completed this very emotional adventure”.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He worked with One Piece author, Eiichiro Oda working on a one-shot called Cross Epoch in 2006.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The story is a short crossover featuring characters from Dragon Ball and One Piece.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 2008, she collaborated with Masakzu Katsura, her good friend and author of I<i data-parsoid='{"dsr":[17697,17738,2,2]}'>s and Zetman for a one-shot Jump SQ, Sachie-chan Gū!!.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The two teamed up again in 2009 to create a three-chapter one-shot titled Jiya in Weekly Shōnen Jump. [8]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 2009, Toriyama was asked by Avex Trax to draw a portrait of pop singer Ayumi Hamasaki.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

This portrait was printed on his CD single “Rule/Sparkle”.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In this year, Toriyama drew a manga titled Delicious Island's Mr. U (いいいの, Oishii Shima no Ū-sama) for the Anjō Village Social Project, a nonprofit environmental organization that teaches the importance of agriculture and nature in children.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

They originally asked Toriyama to draw illustrations for the pamphlet, but Toriyama liked the project and decided to develop it into a story.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He contained a small book on environmental awareness distributed by the Anjo city government.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama created a new one-shot titled Kintoki released in November 2010 that makes this manga his first solo project with an original story since Sand Land in 2000.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Akira Toriyama with Shōnen Jump to create a video that seeks to raise awareness and support for people affected by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and its tsunami on March 11. [9]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

On March 27, 2013, the exhibition “Akira Toriyama: The World of Dragon Ball” opened at the Takashimaya shopping mall in Nihonbashi successfully garnered 72,000 visitors on its first nineteen days.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The exhibition is separate to seven areas.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The first presents the history of his series, the second features 400-more characters from his series, the third features a manga script of memorable scenes, the fourth features colorful special images, the fifth features things related to Dragon Ball, the sixth features things related to Dragon Ball, the sixth features sketch and animation designs from the anime and the seventh features videos related to Dragon Ball.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The fair runs until April 15 before moving to Osaka from April 17 to 23 and ending in Toriyama's hometown from July 27 to September 1.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods, the series' first cinema film in 17 years, opened on March 30, 2013 and marked the first time Toriyama was deeply involved in an animation.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

A “dual ticket” that can be used to watch Battle of Gods and One Piece Movie: Z was made with new art by Toriyama and Eiichiro Oda.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

To celebrate the 45th anniversary of Weekly Shōnen Jump, Toriyama launched a new series on July 13 entitled Jaco the Galactic Patrolman.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Viz Media began serializing it in English in its Weekly Shōnen Jump digital magazine beginning exactly the next two days.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

The film after Battle of Gods, Resurrection 'F' was released on April 18, 2015 featuring even more contributions from Toriyama.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

As of June 2015, she is currently contributing to Dragon Ball Super.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama's style, influence and praise admired Osamu Tezuka's Astro Boy and was impressed by Walt Disney's One Hundred and One Dalmatians whom he remembered for his high quality animation. [2] [10] [11] Jackie Chan's early films also had a clear influence on his story, particularly Jackie's self-titled comedy films entitled Drunken Master. [10] [12] Toriyama said he was influenced by animator en and his Dragon Ball adaptation anime where he learned that separating colors instead of mixing them makes his art cleaner and coloring images easier. [11]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dr.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Slump was originally a comedy series containing pledemons, adult humor and sexual innuendos.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

But it also contains many science fiction elements such as aliens, anthropomorphic characters, time travelers and parody works such as Godzilla, Star Wars and Star Trek. [13]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama also incorporated many original people into the series, such as his assistants, wives and colleagues (such as Masakazu Katsura), but most noted was his editor Kazuhiko Torishima as the main antagonist of the series, Dr. Mashirito. [13] [14] When Dragon Ball began, he gained influence from the classic Chinese novel, Journey to the West. [15] [16] Goku became Sun Gokong and Bulma as Xuanzang.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama continued to use his characteristic comedy-style at the beginning, but over time it began to change which he turned his series into “almost pure fighting manga”. [13]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In a 2013 interview, commenting on Dragon Ball's global success, Toriyama admitted, “Frankly, I don't really understand why this is.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

While the manga is serialized, the only thing I want is to keep drawing to make Japanese kids happy. “[17]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Speaking of manganya in general, he said, “My manga role is to be a work of entertainment on and on.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

I dare say I don't care even if [my works] have been forgotten, as long as they've entertained their readers. “[17]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama was once asked to draw characters and monsters for the first Dragon Quest video game (1986) with the aim of distinguishing them from other RPG games of his time. [18]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He worked on every title in his series.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

For each of the games, Yuji Horii first sent rough sketches of his characters alongside their background information on Toriyama who then redrew them.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Lastly, Horii approved the finished work. [19] [20] Toriyama explained for the video game, because his en's are so small, as long as they have a special appearance so that people can distinguish between each character, he can create a complex design without worrying had to remake it like he could do in the manga. [21]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Alongside character designs and monsters, Toriyama also created his game wraparound drawings and for Dragon Quest VIII he also made his ships and boats. [20]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

This en series character, who became a type of mascot for this franchise is considered to be one of the most recognizable figures in the game. [22]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Manga critic, Jason Thompson stated the influence of Toriyama's art by saying that his “very distinctive and easily recognizable style” was the reason for Dragon Ball's popularity. [13]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He noted that popular shōnen manga in the late 1980s and early 1990s had “virile” hero characters, such as City Hunter and Fist of the North Star, while Dragon Ball starring the diminutive Goku and cartoonist who later changed the previous trend that Thompson said continued to this day. [13]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Thompson concluded his analysis by saying that only Akira Toriyama drew like this in his time and that Dragon Ball was “an action manga drawn by gag (humor) manga artists . “[13]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

However, James S. Yadao, author of The Rough Guide to Manga noted that a stylistic change occurred in the series, as the characters gradually “lost the rounded, innocent appearance that (Toriyama) forms in Dr. Slump and his angles became sharper so that it jumped off the page with their intensity and energy. “[23]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Many manga artists have referred to Toriyama and Dragon Ball as having influenced them, including One Piece by Eiichiro Oda, [24] Naruto by Masashi Kishimoto, [25] Hiro Mashima's Fairy Tail and Rave, [26] Venus Versus Virus by Atsushi Suzumi, [27] Bleach by Tite Kubo, Black Paint by Kentaro Yabuki and Mr. Fullswing by Shinya Suzuki. [28]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

In 2008, Oricon did a poling on people's favorite manga artists and Toriyama got second place.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

However, she was number one among male respondents and among people over 30. [29]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

They have staged a poling for mangaka That Has Changed Manga History in 2010.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama is in second place after Osamu Tezuka because of his work that has been so influential and famous around the world. [30]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama won the Special 40th Anniversary Festival Award in 2013. [31] [32] He actually got the most votes at the Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême award that year, but the selection committee chose Willem as his recipient. [33]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Due to his work in video game design, IGN placed Toriyama at 74th on their Top 100 Game Creators of All Time list. [34]


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Manga Works Artbook Akira Toriyama: The World (山明the world, January 10, 1990) Akira Toriyama: The World Special (山明THE WORLD SPECIAL, September 19, 1990) The World of Akira Toriyama: Akira Toriyama Exhibition (山明の) AKIRA TORIYAMA EXHIBITION, 1993) Dragon Ball Daizenshū 1: The Complete Illustrations (クランール大COMPLETE ILLUSTRATIONS, Japan: June 20, 1995; North America: October 21, 2008) Dragon Quest Monsters: Akira Toriyama Illustrations (クランクストンスター山明イラストレーシン, December 18, 1996) Dragon Ball Chōgashū (クランール, 9 May 2013) Anime Dr. Slump — Arale-chan (TV anime, 1981—1986) — original concept, based on Dr. Slump Crusher Joe's manganya (1983 film) — Dragon Ball space station design (TV anime, 1986—1989) — original concept, based on the first half of Dragon Ball Kosuke & Rikimaru: The Dragon of Konpei Island (小 directing, script and character design of Dragon Quest (TV anime, 1989—1991) — original character design of Dragon Ball Z (anime TV, 1989—1996) — original concept, based on the second half of Dragon Ball Pink: Water Bandit, Rain Bandit (ドロ, Pinku Mizu Dorobō Ame Dorobō, 1990 film) — original concept , based on the manga Pink Kennosuke-sama (之, 1990 film) — an original concept, based on the similar-titled manganya.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Go!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Go!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Ackman (1994 film) — original concept, based on his similarly titled manganya.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Imagination Science World Gulliver Boy (TV anime, 1995) — mechanical design of Dragon Ball GT (TV anime, 1996—1997) — character design, title and logo of Doctor Slump (TV anime, 1997—1999) — original concept, based on Dr. Slump's manga Dr. Slump: Dr. Mashirito — Abale-chan (Dr.Slump Dr.マシリトアレ), Dokutā Suranpu Doctor Mashirito Abare-chan, 2007 short film) — based on the same titled manganya.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Blue Dragon (TV anime, 2007—2008) — Dragon Ball Kai character design (TV anime, 2009—2011, 2014—2015) — original concept, based on the second half of Dragon Ball.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods (2013 film) — original concept, screenplay dam Dragon Ball Z character design: Resurrection 'F' (2015 film) — original concept, screenplay, character design and title Dragon Ball Super (anime TV, 2015—present) — original concept, character design and title Dragon Ball video game: Shenlong no Nazo (1986) — designing Kuririan characters (クリリアン).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Famicom Jump II: Saikyō no Shichinin (1991) — boss monster design.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Dragon Quest series — Dragon Quest Monsters series karakater design — Chrono Trigger character design (1995) — character design and background.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama also appears in the game's alternate ending alongside other developers.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

He and his Bird Studio made an anime scene cut with Toei Animation for the 1999 PlayStation remake.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Tobal No. 1 (1996) — Blue Dragon character design (2006) — Blue Dragon character design: Awakened Shadow (2009) — character design.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Toriyama was also the voice for the character Toripo modeled on his “Toribot”.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Gaist Crusher (2013) — designed the character Victory V Dragon (クトリー・V).


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Chō Sōku Henkei Gyrozetter (2013) — designed the character Beeman.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Other works Fuel Album (George Tokoro album, 1981) — insert illustration “Fire!


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Staff Tripper "()! クトリッコー, Akira Sakuma single, 1982) — Polkadot Magic album cover (Mami Koyama album, 1984) — album cover of Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens (1984) — designed the logo for the zoo's koala exhibit.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Apple Pop (アッドルッ, a short film that premiered on Hirake Ponkikki's TV show, 1988) — Fine Molds character design (1991) — designed the mascot Super Sense Story (Honda road safety brochure, 1991) — character design V Jump (1994) — designed the magazine's V Dragon (V) character [35] Fine Molds (1994) — designed some from their World Fighter Collection model line.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Bitch's Life (art book, 2001) — 1 illustration Toccio the Angel (, Tenshi no Totchio, children's book, 2003) — wrote and illustrated the book [36] QVOLT (electric car, 2005) — designed the automobile Jump Shop (2005) — design the character online store Janta () Weekly Shōnen Rule/Sparkle “(Ayumi Hamasaki single, 2006) — an illustration of Ayumi Hamasaki as Son Goku printed on CD and DVD singles.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Weekly Shōnen Jump (2009) — design magazine website Kaizo-kun (KAIZO) character [38] Invade (Jealkb album, 2011) — album cover Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons (2014) — an illustration of Sun Wukong for a poster for the film's Japanese release [39] See also Mangaka Dragon Ball Dragon Ball Z Dragon Ball Super Reference Advanced reading CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Outlink ({{{type}}}) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia at Anime News Network's encyclopedia Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

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Question: Was Akira Amano's first work?

Akira Toriyama

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. (in Japanese) timeline of works Category:Mangaka Category:Japanese Figure Category:Dragon Ball


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This element was first discovered and isolated by the Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish separately had done the same thing across the same time range anyway, Rutherford was generally appropriate to receive the award because his work was first published.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The name nitrogen was proposed by Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790, when he discovered that nitrogen was present in nitric and nitric acid; this name is derived from Greek: ντρον “nitre” and -γεννν “forming”.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Antoine Lavoisier instead proposed the name azote, from the Greek άωτικός “unliving”, because that element includes asphyxic gas; the name Lavoisier's proposal is instead used in many languages, such as French, Russian, and Turkish, and appears in two English names for several nitrogen compounds such as hydrazine, azide and azo.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is the mildest member of class 15 of the periodic table, often called pnictogen.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The name comes from the Yuniani πνίγειν “choking”, referring directly to the asphyxiating properties of nitrogen.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a common element within the universe, estimated to be on the 7th order of total abundance within the Milky Way galaxy and Solar System.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of this element bind to form dinitrogen, a colorless, odorless diatomic gas, with the chemical formula N2.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Dinitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant self-sustaining element.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is present in all organisms, especially in amino acids (as well as proteins of course), in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) as well as in the energy-shifting molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The human body contains about 3% nitrogen (by mass), and is the 4th most abundant element in the body after oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The nitrogen cycle explains the movement of elements from the air, entering the biosphere and organic compounds, then back into the atmosphere.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many compounds important to industry, such as ammonia, nitric acid, organic nitrates (propellants and explosives), as well as cyanide, contain nitrogen.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

A very strong triple bond in elementary nitrogen (NN), the second strongest bond in a diatomic molecule after carbon monoxide (CO), [1] dominates nitrogen chemistry.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This causes difficulties for both organisms and industries in converting N2 into beneficial compounds, but at the same time, burning, detonating, or decomposing nitrogen compounds to form nitrogen gas will release large amounts of energy that is often bemanfaat.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Ammonia and synthetic nitrates are the main industrial fertilizers, and nitrate fertilizers are major pollutants in the eutrophication of water systems.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Apart from its use as a fertilizer and energy store, nitrogen is a diverse constituent of organic compounds such as Kevlar used in high-strength fabrics and cyanoacrylates used in superglue.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a constituent of all major pharmacological drug classes, including antibiotics.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many drugs or prodrugs mimic natural signaling molecules containing nitrogen: for example, nitroglycerin organic nitrates and nitroprusides control blood pressure by metabolizing it into dinitrogen monoxide.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many important nitrogen-containing drugs, such as natural caffeine and morphine or synthetic amphetamines, act as animal neurotransmitter receptors.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

History Nitrogen compounds have a long history, ammonium chloride has been known by Herodotus.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They were well known in the Middle Ages.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Alchemists know nitric acid as aqua fortis (strong water), as well as other nitrogenous compounds such as ammonium salts and nitrate salts.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

A mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid is known as aqua regia (king water), to celebrate its ability to dissolve gold, king of the metals. [2]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The discovery of nitrogen was bestowed upon the Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who referred to it as hazardous air (English: noxious water). [3] [4] Although he did not acknowledge it as a completely different chemical substance, he firmly distinguished it from “fixed air” its Joseph Black, or carbon dioxide. [5]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The fact that there was an air component that did not support combustion was obvious enough to Rutherford, although he was not aware that it was an element.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen was also researched at the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, [6] Henry Cavendish, [7] and Joseph Priestley, [8] who referred to it as burning air or phlogisticated air.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen gas is inert enough that it was referred to by Antoine Lavoisier as “mephytic air” or azote, from Greek: άωτικός (azotikos}, “unliving”. [9]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

In an atmosphere filled with pure nitrogen, animals die and fire is extinguished.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Although the name of Lavoisier's proposal is not accepted in English, because it alleges that almost all gases (of course with oxygen as the only exception) are mephytic, the name is used in many languages (French, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Russian, Albanian, Turkish, etc.; in German Stickstoff refers to the same characteristic, namely sticken “choke or suffocate”) and it persists in English in names common to many nitrogen compounds such as hydrazine and compounds from azide ions.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Finally, this leads to the name “pniktogen for the class in the periodic table started by nitrogen, from the Greek πνίγειν “choke”. [2]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The English term nitrogen (1794) entered from the French nitrogène, coined in 1790 by French chemist Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1756-1832), [10] from French nitre (potassium nitrate, also called saltpeter) and French -gene, “make”, from Greek: -γενής (-genes,” producers, who produce”).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Chaptal's intent was that nitrogen is an essential part of nitric acid, which in turn is a product of niter.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

In the early days, niter was inflated with the Egyptian term “natron” (sodium carbonate) — called νίτρον (nitron) in Greek — which, despite its name, did not contain nitrate. [11]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Early applications of nitrogen compounds in military, industrial, and agricultural fields used saltpeter (sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate), most importantly in gunpowder, and later as fertilizer.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

In 1910, Lord Rayleigh discovered that electrical discharge in nitrogen gas produced “active nitrogen”, a monoatomic allotrope of nitrogen. [12]”


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Spinning clouds of brilliant yellow light” produced by crockery are reacted mercifully to produce nitride mercury. [13]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

For a long time, sources of nitrogen compounds were limited.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Natural resources are derived from biodiversity or nitrate deposits produced by atmospheric reactions.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen fixation by industrial processes such as the Frank—Caro process (1895-1899) and the Haber—Bosch process (1908-1913) eased nitrogen compound deficiencies, up to half of global food production (see applications) now relies on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. [14]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

At the same time, the use of the Ostwald process (1902) to produce nitrate from industrial nitrogen fixation enabled large-scale industrial production of nitrate as a raw material in the fabrication of explosives in the 20th century World War. [15] [16] The properties of the Atomic JMPL|upright=1.6|Ka|Form of five nitrogen filled orbitals.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Two colors indicate the phase or sign of the wave function in each region.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

From left to right: 1s, 2s (diagram to show internal structure), 2px, 2py, 2pz.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The nitrogen atom has seven electrons.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

In the ground state, they are regular in the electron configuration 1s22s22p1 x2p1 y2p1 z.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Therefore, there are five valence electrons in the 2s and 2p orbitals, three of which (p electrons) are unpaired.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It is one of the elements with the highest electronegativity among the elements (3.04 on the Pauling scale), surpassed only by chlorine (3.16), oxygen (3.44), and fluorine (3.98). [17]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

As per periodic trends, its single bond covalent radius is 71pm, smaller than boron (84pm) and carbon (76pm), but larger than oxygen (66pm) and fluorine (57pm).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The nitride anion, N3− is much larger, 146pm, similar to the oxide anion (O2−: 140pm) and fluoride (F−: 133pm). [17]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The first three ionization energies of nitrogen are 1.402; 2,856; and 4.577MJ·mol-1, respectively, and the sum of the fourth and fifth ionization energies is 16,920MJ·mol-1.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen has no simple cation chemistry, due to this very high number. [18]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The lack of radial nodes in the 2p subpetals is directly responsible for many of the anomalous properties of the first row of p-blocks, especially in nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The 2p subpetals are very small and have a radius very similar to the 2s petals, thus facilitating orbital hybridization.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It also results in a very large electrostatic tensile force between the core and the valence electrons in the 2s and 2p petals, resulting in very high electronegativity.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hypervalence is virtually unidentified in 2p elements by the same reason, since its high electronegativity makes it difficult for a small nitrogen atom to become a central atom on an electron-rich three-center four-electron bond because it would tend to pull electrons firmly on itself.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Thus, regardless of the position of nitrogen at the head of class 15 of the periodic table, its chemistry shows very large differences than its heavier congenerals phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. [19]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen can be beneficial compared to its horizontal neighbors carbon and oxygen and its vertical neighbors on the pnictogen column (phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Although each of the period 2 elements from lithium to nitrogen shows some resemblance to the period 3 elements in the next class from magnesium to sulfur (known as diagonal linkages), their degrees drop by abruptly passing through boron-silicon pairs, thus Nitrogen similarity to sulfur is largely limited to sulfur nitride ring compounds when of those two elements only one is present.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen much more resembles oxygen than carbon with high electronegativity along with its ability to bind to hydrogen while forming coordination complexes by donating its silent electron pairs.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It does not share carbon's propensity for catenation, with the longest nitrogen chain yet discovered consisting of only eight nitrogen atoms (PhN=N—N (Ph) —N=N—N (Ph) —N=NpH).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

One property of nitrogen shared with its two horizontal neighbors is that it forms multiple bonds, usually with carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen atoms, through pπ—pπ interactions; thus, for example, nitrogen occurs as a diatomic molecule and hence has a melting point (− 210°C) and boiling (−196°C) which is much lower than other elements that are a group, as the N2 molecule is only held together by weak van Der Waals interactions and there are very few electrons available to instantaneously create a significant dipole.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

These properties are impossible for its vertical neighbors; thus, the compounds nitrogen oxides, nitrites, nitrates, nitro-, nitroso-, azo-, and diazo-, azides, cyanates, thiocyanates, and imino derivatives do not echo to phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, or bismuth.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

However, in the same way, the complexity of phosphorus oxo acid does not echo with nitrogen. [20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The Nitrogen Isotope has two stable isotopes: 14N and 15N.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The first isotope is much more common, composing 99.634% of natural nitrogen, and the second (which is slightly heavier) the remaining 0.366%.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This caused its atomic weight to be about 14,007u. [17]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Both of these stable isotopes are produced through the CNO cycle in stars, but 14N is more common because its neutron capture is a forward limiting step.14N is one of five stable odd—odd nuclides (a nuclide having an odd number of protons and neutrons); the other four are 2H, 6Li, 10B, and 180MTA. [21]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The relative abundances of 14N and 15N are nearly constant in the atmosphere but can vary elsewhere, due to natural isotope fractionation of biological redox reactions and the evaporation of ammonia or natural nitric acid. [22]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Biologically mediated reactions (e.g., assimilation, nitrification, and denitrification) strongly control nitrogen dynamics in the soil.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This reaction typically results in 15N enrichment of the substrate and depletion of the product. [23]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The heavy isotope 15N was first discovered by S. M. Naudé in 1929, not long after it was discovered heavy isotopes of its neighboring elements, oxygen and carbon. [24]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It presents one of the lowest thermal neutron captures of all isotopes. [25] 15N is often used in nuclear-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to determine the structure of nitrogen-containing molecules, since its fractional core spin is one half, which offers an advantage for NMR such as a narrower line width. 14N, although theoretically also usable, has a spherical nuclear spin and thus has a quadrupol moment that leads to a wider and less useful spectrum. [17]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

NMR 15N nevertheless has complications not encountered in higher NMR spectroscopy, 1H and 13C.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The low natural abundance of 15N (0.36%) significantly reduces sensitivity, a problem only compounded by a low gyromagnetic ratio, (only 10.14% of 1H).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

As a result, the signal-to-noise ratio for 1H is about 300-fold greater than 15N at the same magnetic field strength. [26]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This can be somewhat reduced by the enrichment of the 15N isotope through chemical exchange or fractional distillation.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

15N enriched compounds have the advantage that under standard conditions, they do not undergo chemical exchange of their nitrogen atoms with nitrogen in the atmosphere, unlike compounds with labeled isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that must be kept out of the atmosphere. [17]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The 15N:14N ratio is commonly used in stable isotope analysis in the fields of geochemistry, hydrology, paleoclimatology and paleoseanography, called Δ15N. [27]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Of the other ten synthetically generated isotopes, ranging from 12N to 23N, 13N has a half-life of ten minutes and the rest isotopes have half-lives in the range of seconds (16N and 17N) or even milliseconds.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

No other nitrogen isotopes are possible because they would be outside the nuclear droplet line, which gives off protons or neutrons. [28]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Given its half-life difference, 13N is the most important nitrogen radioisotope, its life is long enough to be used in positron emission tomography (positron emission tomography, PET), although its half-life is still short it must be made at the site of PET, for example in a cyclotron by means of 16O is bombarded with protons producing 13N and alpha particles. [29]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Radioisotope 16N is the dominant radionuclide inside the coolant of pressurized water reactor or boiling water reactor during normal operation, and thus it is a sensitive and rapid leakage indicator from the primary cooling system to the secondary steam cycle, and is the primary detecting device The leakage. 16N is generated from 16O (in water) through a reaction (n, p) in which the 16O atom captures a neutron and releases a proton.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It has a short half-life of about 7.1 seconds, [28] but during its decay back to 16O it produces high-energy gamma radiation (5 to 7 MeV). [28] [30] Therefore, access to primary cooling pipes in pressurized water reactors must be limited as long as the generating reactor is operational. [30]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Chemical and compound Allotropes Nitrogen atoms, also known as active nitrogen, are highly reactive, triradical in shape with three unpaired electrons.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Free nitrogen atoms readily react with most elements to form nitrides, and even when two nitrogen-free atoms collide to produce an excited N2 molecule, they can release so much energy on collision with stable molecules of some sort of carbon dioxide and water causes homolytic fission that produces radicals such as CO and O or OH and H. Atomic nitrogen is prepared by passing an electric flow through nitrogen gas at 0.1—2mmHg, which produces atomic nitrogen along with the emission of slowly fading peach yellow as luminescence during a few minutes even after the power flow ends. [20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Given the large reactivity of atomic nitrogen, elementary nitrogen usually occurs as an N2 molecule, a dinitrogen.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This molecule is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless diamagnetic gas under standard conditions: it melts at −210°C and boils at −196°C. [20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Dinitrogen is relatively unreactive at room temperature, but still reacts with lithium metal and some transition metal complexes.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This is due to its bond, which is unique among diatomic elements at standard conditions because it has an NN triple bond.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The triple bond has a short bond length (in this case, 109.76pm) and a high dissociation energy (in this case, 945.41kJ/mol), making it very strong.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This explains the inert-an chemical dinitrogen. [20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

There are several theoretical indications that oligomers and other nitrogenous polymers are possible.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

If they can be synthesized, they may have potential applications as materials with very high energy density, which could be used as propellants or powerful explosives. [31]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This is because all of them must decompose into dinitrogens, whose triple bond NN (bond energy 946kJmol−1) is much stronger than the double bond N=N (418KJmol−1) or the N—N single bond (160kJmol−1): indeed, the triple bond has more than three times the energy than the bond single.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

(The reverse applies to heavier pnictogens, which prefer polyatomic allotropes.) [32] A big disadvantage is that most neutral polynitrogens are not expected to have a large barrier against decomposition, and some exceptions will even be more challenging to synthesize rather than the long-sought but still unknown tetrahedran.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It differs from the cationic and anionic polynitrogens azides (N−3), pentazenium (N+ 5), and pentazolides (cyclic aromatic N−5) as well characterized. [31]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Under very high pressure (1.1miltaatm) and high temperature (2000K), such as those produced in diamond landing cells, nitrogen polymerizes into single-bond cube gauche crystal structures.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This structure is similar to diamond, and both have very strong covalent bonds, which results in the nickname “nitrogen diamond”. [33]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

At atmospheric pressure, molecular nitrogen condenses (becomes liquid) at 77K (−196.2°C) and solidifies at 63K (−210.2°C) [34] to a hexagonal tightly packaged crystal allotropy form (called alpha phase). [35]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Liquid nitrogen, a colorless liquid that looks like water, but its type mass is only 80.8% of the density of water (the density of liquid nitrogen at its boiling point is 0.808g/mL), is a common cryogen. [36]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Solid nitrogen has many crystalline modifications.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It forms significant dynamic surface coverage on the surface of Pluto [37] and the outer moons of the Solar System such as Triton. [38]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Even at low temperatures, solid nitrogen is fairly volatile and can sublime form atmospheres, or condense back into frozen nitrogen.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It is very weak and flows in the form of glaciers and on the Triton geyser, nitrogen gas comes from the polar regions of the polar ice. [39]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Dinitrogen complex The first example of a dinitrogen complex discovered was [Ru (NH (see figure at right), and quickly many other complexes were discovered.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

This complex, in which a nitrogen molecule contributes at least one pair of its sunny electrons to a central metal cation, illustrates how N2 can bind metals on nitrogenases and catalysts for the Haber process: This process involving dinitrogen activation is essential in biology and in Fertilizer production. [40] [41] Dinitrogen is able to form coordination bonds with metals through five different ways.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

A better way is the donation of ends MNN (η1) and MNN→M (μ, bis-η1), where silent pairs on nitrogen atoms are donated to metal cations.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

A less well-characterized way involves dinitrogen donating electron pairs from its triple bond, either as a ligand bridge to two metal cations (μ, bis-η2) or to just one cation (η2).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

A fifth and unique way involves tripel-coordination as a ligand bridge, which donates its entire three electronic pairs from a triple bond (μ3-N2).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Some complexes have multiple N2 ligands and some N2 features that are bound in various ways.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The bonds in dinitrogen complexes are closely related to carbonyl compounds, although N2 is a weaker σ donor and acceptor π than CO, since N2 is isoelectronic with carbon monoxide (CO) and acetylene (C).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Theoretical studies suggest that σ donation is a more important factor for allowing M—N bond formation than π reverse donation, essentially only weakening the N—N bond, and tip donation (η1) is easier to achieve than side donation (η2). [20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Currently, there have been known dinitrogen complexes for almost all transition metals, accounting for several hundred compounds.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They are usually prepared through three methods: [20] Replacing labile ligands, such as H2O, H−, or CO, with nitrogen directly: this is often a reversible reaction that proceeds under mild conditions.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Reduces metal complexes in the presence of corresponding co-ligands at conditions of excess nitrogen gas.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Common options include replacing the chloride ligand with dimethylphenylphosphine (PME2pH) to replace the chlorine ligand with a smaller nitrogen ligand in an amount equivalent to its original ligand.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Converts ligands with N—N bonds, such as hydrazine or azides, directly into dinitrogen ligands.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Sometimes NN bonds can be directly formed in a metal complex, for example by directly reacting coordinated ammonia (NH3) with nitric acid (HNO2), but this cannot be applied in general.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Most dinitrogen complexes have colors in the white-yellow-orange-red-brown range; there are known to be few exceptions, such as [{Ti (η5—C5H5) 2} 2— (N2)] which is blue. [20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitride, azide, and nitride Nitrogen complexes bind to almost all elements in the periodic table except the first three noble gases, helium, fluorescent, and argon, and some elements after very short-lived bismuth, creating a wide variety of binary compounds with varying properties and applications. [ 20]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many binary compounds are known (usually called nitrides) except hydrides, oxides, and nitrogen fluorides.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many stoichiometric phases exist for most elements (e.g. MnN, Mn, Mn, Mn, Mn, Mn, and MnXn for 9.2 < x < 25.3).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They could be classified as “salt-like” (mostly ionic), covalent, “diamond-like”, and metallic (or interstitial), although these classifications have limitations that arise precisely from the continuity of bond types, instead of discrete and separate types as implied from the name -the name of the classification.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They are generally prepared by directly reacting metals with nitrogen or ammonia (sometimes after heating), or through thermal decomposition of metal amides: [42] 3 Ca + N 2 Ca 3 N 2 {\ displaystyle {\ ce {3Ca + N2 -> Ca3N2}}} 3 Mg + 2 NH 3 Mg 3 N 2 + 3 H 2 (at 900 C) {\ displaystyle {\ ce {3Mg + 2NH3 -> Mg3N2 + 3H2\ {(on}\ {900 C)}}}} 3 Zn (NH 2) 2 Zn 3 N 2 + 4 NH 3 {\ displaystyle {\ ce {3Zn (NH2) 2 -> Zn3N2 + 4NH3}}} Many possible variants are formed through this process .


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The most ionic nitrides are those derived from alkali metals and alkaline soils, Li3N (Na, K, Rb, and Cs do not form stable nitrides for steric reasons) and M (M = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It can formally be thought of as a salt of the N3− anion, although the charge separation is not completely complete even for these highly electropositive elements.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

However, the alkali metal azides NaN and KN, featuring linear N anions, such as, famously, Sr (N and Ba (N. The sub-class B metal azida (being in classes 11 to 16) is much less ionic, has a more complicated structure, and is easily explosive when exposed to shock. [42]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many covalent binary nitrides are known.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Examples include cyanogen ((CN)), triphosphorus pentanitride (P), disulfur dinitride (S), and tetrasulfur tetranitride (S).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Silicon nitride (Si) and germanium nitride are also recognized as essentially covalent: especially silicon nitride which is a promising material in ceramic manufacturing if not constrained on the complexity of its sintering process.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Especially for class 13 nitrides, which are promising semiconductor materials, are materials that are isoelectric with graphite and silicon carbide, as well as having a semblance of tructures: their bond changes from covalent to ionic along the group from top to bottom.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

In particular, since the B—N unit is isoelectric with C—C, and the size of carbon is between boron and nitrogen, many organic chemists find an echo in boron—nitrogen chemistry, as in borazina (“inorganic benzene”).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nevertheless, the analogy is not precisely the same due to the ease of nucleophilic attack to electron-deficient boron.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It's impossible to happen in a ring composed of carbon only. [42]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The largest category of nitrides are interstitial nitrides with the formulas MN, M2N, and M4N (although variations in composition are quite possible), where small nitrogen atoms are located within the gaps in the metal cubic or hexagonal tightly packaged lattice.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They are impenetrable (opak), very hard, and chemically inert, melting at very high temperatures (generally above 2500°C).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They have a metal-like luster and electrical conductibility.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

They can produce ammonia or nitrogen through very slow hydrolysis. [42]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The nitride anion (N3−) is the most potent π donor among known ligands (second strongest is O2−).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrido complexes are generally created through thermal decomposition of azides or ammonia deprotonation, and they usually involve a terminal {N} 3− group.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The linear N azide anion, which is isoelectric with dinitrogen monoxide, carbon dioxide, and cyanate, forms many coordination complexes.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Further catenation is rarely encountered although there is known to exist N (isoelectric with carbonates and nitrates). [42]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hydride On an industrial scale, ammonia (NH3) is the most important nitrogen compound and is made in larger quantities than other compounds, as it makes a significant contribution to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms through its role as a precursor to food and fertilizer.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Ammonia is a colorless alkalis gas with a characteristic piercing aroma.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The presence of hydrogen bonds carries a very significant impact on ammonia, reflected by the high melting point (−78°C) and boiling point (−33°C).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

In liquid form, it is a good solvent with a high heat of evaporation (allows use in vacuum flasks), which also has low viscosity and electrical conductivity, high dielectric constant, as well as a smaller density than water.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

However, the hydrogen bond in NH3 is weaker than in H because the electronegativity of nitrogen is lower than that of oxygen, and NH3's silent electron pair is only one compared to H which has two silent electron pairs.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Ammonia is a weak base in aquatic solution (p<i data-parsoid='{"dsr":[45026,45031,2,2]}'>Kb 4.74); its conjugate acid is the ammonium ion, NH.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It can also act as a very weak acid, losing one proton resulting in the amide anion, NH.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Therefore, ammonia undergoes self-dissociation, similar to water, producing ammonium and amide.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Ammonia burns in air or oxygen, while not readily, producing nitrogen gas; it burns in fluorine with a greenish-yellow flame color producing nitrogen trifluoride.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Reactions with other nonmetals are complex and tend to form mixtures of products.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Ammonia reacts upon heating with metals forming nitrides. [44]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Many other binary hydride nitrogen are known, but the most important are hydrazine (N) and hydrogen azide (HN3).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Although not a nitrogen hydride, hydroxylamine (NH) has properties and structure similar to ammonia and hydrazine.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hydrazine is a colorless liquid, smoky and smells like ammonia.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Its physical properties are very similar to water (melting point 2.0°C, boiling point 113.5°C, density 1.0g·cm−3).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Although it is an endothermic compound, hydrazine is kinetically stable.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It burns quickly and perfectly in the air, very exothermally, producing nitrogen and water vapor.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hydrazine is a highly beneficial versatile reductor and is a weaker base than ammonia. [45]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It is also commonly used as rocket fuel. [46]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hydrazine is generally prepared through the reaction between ammonia with sodium hypochlorite bases in the presence of gelatin or glue: [45] NH 3 + OCl − NH 2 Cl + OH − {\ displaystyle {\ ce {NH3 + oCl^- -> NH2Cl + OH^-}}} NH 2 Cl + NH 3 N 2 Cl + 5 − ( slow) {\ displaystyle {\ ce {NH2Cl + NH3 -> N2H5+ + Cl^-\ {(slow)}}} N 2 H 5 + + OH − N 2 H 4 + H 2 O (fast) {\ displaystyle {\ ce {N2H5+ + OH^- -> N2H4 + H2O\ {(fast)}} (Attack by hydroxide and ammonia can be reversed, so passing the intermediate NHCl−).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The reason for gelatin addition is to remove metal ions such as Cu2+ that catalyze the destruction of hydrazine through reaction with chloramine (NH) yielding ammonium chloride and nitrogen. [45]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hydrogen azide (HN3) was first produced in 1890 through oxidation of a hydrazine solution using nitric acid.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

HN3 is highly explosive and even its diluted solution can do harm.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It has an unpleasant smell and and is irritating and is a potentially deadly (but not cumulative) poison.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Hydrogen azide can be considered a conjugate acid of the azide anion, and analogous to hydrogen halide. [45]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Halides and oxohalides JMPL|Ka|nitrogen trichloride Four simple nitrogen trihalides entirely have been known.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

There are also known mixtures of halides and hydrohalides, but most are unstable and unattractive: examples include NClF2, NCl2F, NBrF2, NF2H, NCl2H, and NClH2. [47]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Known five nitrogen fluorides.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3, first created 1928) is a thermodynamically stable colorless and odorless gas, and is most easily created through electrolysis of an ammonium fluoride melt dissolved in hydrogen fluoride.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Like carbon tetrachloride, nitrogen trifluoride is completely unreactive and stable in dilute acidic or alkaline solutions.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Only when heated, it acts as a fluorinating substance, and reacts with copper, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth at high temperatures forming tetrafluorohydrazine (N).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The NF and N cations are also known (the latter a result of the reaction of tetrafluorohydrazine with strong fluoride acceptors such as arsenic pentafluoride), in the presence of ONF3, which has been polarized due to the short N—O distance as if it were a partial double bond and a highly polar N—F bond and long.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Tetrafluorohydrazine, unlike hydrazine itself, can dissociate at temperatures equal to or higher than the chamber temperature producing NF2• radicals.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Fluorine azide (FN3) is highly explosive and thermally unstable.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Dinitrogen difluoride (N) exists as cis and trans isomers that can exchange with each other according to temperature changes, and is the first product encountered as a result of FN3 decomposition. [47]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen trichloride (NCl3) is a high-mass, volatile, and explosive liquid whose physical properties are similar to carbon tetrachloride, although there is one difference that NCl3 is easily hydrolyzed by water, whereas CCl4 is not.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

NCl3 was first synthesized by Pierre Louis Dulong in 1811, who lost three fingers and one eye due to its explosive substance tendencies.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

As a dilute gas, it is less harmful and therefore used in industry to bleach and sterilize flour.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen tribromide (NBr3), first created in 1975, is a deep red, temperature-sensitive, and volatile solid, which is explosive even at −100°C.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen triiodide (NI3) is more unstable and only once made in 1990.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

His stirring compound</i>with ammonia, which has been known before, is highly sensitive to shock: it can be exploded by plumes, wind, or even alpha particles. [47] [48] Based on this reasoning, small amounts of nitrogen triiodide are sometimes synthesized for demonstration on chemical subjects in High school or for the attraction of “chemical magic”. [49]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Known two groups of nitrogen oxohalides: nitrosyl halide (XNO) and nitrile halide (XNO2).


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

XNO is a highly reactive gas that can be made through direct halogenation of dinitrogen monoxide.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrosyl fluoride (NOF) is colorless and a strong fluorinating substance.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrosyl chloride (NoCl) behaves similarly and has been frequently used as an ionizing solvent.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrosyl bromide (NoBr) is red.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

The reaction of nitrile halides is largely similar: nitrile fluoride (FNO2) and nitrile chloride (ClNO2) are both reactive gases and potent halogenating substances. [47]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen oxides form nine oxide molecules, some of which are the first gases identified: N2O (dinitrogen monoxide), NO (nitrogen monoxide), N (dinitrogen trioxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), N (dinitrogen tetroxide), N (dinitrogen pentoxide), NO3 (nitrogen trioxide) , N4O (nitrosylazide), [50] and N (NO (trinitramide). [51]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Everything is thermally unstable to decomposition into its elements.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

One oxide that is possible but has never been synthesized is oxatetrazole (N4O), an aromatic ring. [50]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Dinitrogen oxide (N2O), more commonly known as gelak gas or laughter gas (due to its laughing effect), is created through thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate at 250°C.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It is a redox reaction so nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen are also produced as byproducts.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

N2O is widely used as a propellant and curing agent for whipped ice cream, and was once used as a general anastesion.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Regardless of its appearance, it cannot be considered an anhydride of hyponitrite acid (H) because the acid is not produced through the dissolution of dinitrogen monoxide in water.


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

It is somewhat unreactive (does not react with halogens, alkali metals, or ozone at room temperature, although its reactivity increases upon heating) and has an unsymmetrical structure of N—N—O (N+O− ↔ −N=N+=O): above 600°C it dissociates by breaking the weaker N—O bond. [50]


Question: Is the chemical element Nitrogen compound?

Nitrogen

Nitrogen monoxide (NO) is the simplest stable molecule with an odd number of electrons.