Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is a former pirate and is often described as a grumpy, cynical and sharp-tongued young male.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

She's got disheveled blonde hair, green eyes and thick eyebrows.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

She couldn't cook and her cooking must have tasted weird.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He once raised America and became depressed every July 4th arrived.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is often nostalgic about his time when he was the British Imperium and almost all of his former colonies have thick eyebrows.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He can also see fantasy animals such as unicorns and fairies, but others cannot be so he is often thought to be crazy.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was hostile to France where he had a long rivalry and once mentioned that he had a big brother, namely Scotland and other brethren such as Wales and Northern Ireland.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is voiced by Noriaki Sugiyama and by Scott Freeman in English.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

French French (クランス, Furansu) is a main character representing France.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

As of 2008, Himaruya gave human names to several characters and he got the name Francis Bonnefoy (クランシス・フ, Furanshisu Bonufoa).


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is described as liking almost all countries and often throwing out sex-smelling jokes.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

She has stubble touted to represent Gorges du Tarn, shoulder-length blonde hair and blue eyes.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He used to be a big country man, but after Napoleon Bonaparte died, he was not very good at warfare and finally began to attract tourists with his wine.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He considers himself the older brother of parts of European countries and is called by that nickname by some countries, but he calls Spain as his older brother.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He has a long history of feuds with England and likes to fight with him over small things.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He also hated British-made food and did not bother to learn English because he believed that French was the 'language of love'.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

She is voiced by Masaya Onosaka and J Michael Tatum in English.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Russian Russian (ロシ, Roshia) is a main character representing Russia.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

In 2008, Himaruya gave human names to several characters and he got the name Ivan Braginski (イン・ランス, Ivan Buraginsuki) (Russian:Иван Брагинский).


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was the highest of all nations, whether of the Allies or the Axis, but he had the innocence and cruelty of a child and his eyes were purple.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He loved vodka and sunflowers.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

One of the objects of his dislike was General Snow, because although he helped a lot when he went to war, he was also attacked by every god.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He has two sisters, Belarusian and Ukranian and always gets depressed whenever he thinks of them; Ukrainians leave him to find friends in the EU whereas Belarusians continue to force him to marry her.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

It seems that, of all countries, only Belarus is the one he fears.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Although he had a good face but he had mental trauma due to a bloody history.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Other countries fear him, in particular the Baltic Trio (Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania) which he likes mental as well as physical torture.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Occasionally, he trailed China in a Panda costume.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He liked to say “kolkolkolkol” at a time when he was angry and promised that they would all “become one with Russia”.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He often carries metal pipes with him.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is voiced by Yasuhiro Takato in Japanese and Jerry Jewell in English.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Chinese Chinese (中国, Chūgoku) is a main character representing China.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

In 2008, Himaruya gave human names to several characters and he got the name Wang Yao (王, Wanyao, or 王Wáng Yào).


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He had long black hair tied up, a cut on his back when the Japanese attacked him as they were small and a panda-shaped birthmark on his buttocks.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

China is one of the oldest countries and is described as immortal and thousands of years old.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is often considered the older brother of other East Asian countries.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was deeply disturbed and distrustful of Russia, possibly a reference to the Sino-Soviet Schism.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He ends his sentences with -aru which conflates Japanese stereotypes of Chinese people but if speaking to the British (Arthur Kirkland), he replaces it with -ahen meaning opium, a reference to the Opium War.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is passionate about food and is often seen carrying a wok.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He had also been late to Allied meetings and made it clear that he always considered food a top priority.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He also scouts everything cute, such as pandas and Hello Kitty and he is often seen carrying one.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

His boss is a spooky-looking dragon but often bullies China in a comedic way.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was quite carefree and friendly, unless he was nostalgic about how the world had changed.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is also easily irritated, especially if he is close to Korea.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

In his anime series, he is voiced by Yuki Kaida in Japanese and Clarine Harp in English.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

The Canadian Canadian (カ, Canada) is a shy and reserved character with a best friend named Kumajiro, a white bear small enough for him to hold.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Although Canada is the owner of Kumajiro, he never remembers the name of Canada, nor does any other country/nation remember on Canada.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is also often confused as American.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He befriended Cuba, who was unable to distinguish him from the Americans.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Nonetheless, once Cuban realized his mistake he did his best to apologize to Canada, although he ended up repeating the mistake later.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Canada was raised by both French and English at different periods in his childhood.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

When Canada seems to be for the World Meeting, he is so disturbing that other countries are unaware that he exists, leading to a comic situation when their nation realizes the carelessness.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

In the case of Russia, he wasn't even aware of Canada when it sat down to him.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

When ill, usually he whines an exclamation involving the word “Maple” (Example: “Maple-Hockey!”


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

and “Maple-leaf!”)


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

The European Countries Austria Austria (コーストリ, Osutoria) is a character representing Austria.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

In 2008, Himaruya gave human names to several characters and he got the name Roderich Edelstein (ローリ・ドールシタイン, Rōderihi Eederushutain).


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Roderich has violet eyes with wavy brown hair with one strand sticking out, representing Mariazell.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He rarely smiles and is very fond of music.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He even said to the Germans that Ludwig van Beethoven was an Austrian.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was once married to Hungary and the date of their marriage, 8 June, refers to the formation of the kingdom of Austria-Hungary.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

She and Hungary together raised little Italy and the Holy Roman Empire when they lived with him.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was a childhood best friend with Switzerland, although they eventually grew apart with time.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He was also often seen being bullied by the Prussians.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

He is voiced by Akira Sasanuma in Japanese, Aki Canada when he was a child and Chuck Huber in English.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Spanish (スイン Supein?)


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Once very strong until poverty and war struck but he remained optimistic.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Spain proved incapable of comically atmospheric reading and didn't even bother to try.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

She has mixed relationships with many characters including France, Belgium, Austria, and the Netherlands, but her most important is with Romano, Italy's elder brother.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Romano spent a lot of time under Spanish rule with Joanna the queen of Castile and their relationship was love-hate, Spain was always affectionate but Romano cursed at her constantly.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Spain is a liking of children which leads to a desire to have both Italies in his home.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Spain was very good friends with Austria after the Italian Wars, but became his enemy during the War of the Spanish Succession, although he had in Milan, and during the War of the Austrian Succession.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Likewise, the Dutch do not like Spain at all, it is said that Belgium however is good relations with Spain.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Spanish is voiced by Go Inoue in Japanese and by Dave Trosko in English.


Question: When did Hidekaz Himaruya make the Character List in Hetalia?

List of Hetalia characters

Outline (in Japanese) (in Japanese) (in Japanese) Hetalia


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Al-Malik Al-Adil Nuruddin Abul Qasim Mahmud bin 'Imaduddin Zengi (February 1118 — 15 May 1174), also known by the names Nur ad-Din, Nur al-Din, and others (in Arabic: نور الدين Nūruddīn) was a member of the Zengi dynasty that controlled Syria from 1146 to 1174.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He aspired to unite Muslim forces from the Euphrates to Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He also led his army against a wide variety of other forces including crusaders.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Early Life He was born on Sunday 17 Shawwal 511 AH which coincided with February of 1118 where he was the son of Zengi, an atabeg of Aleppo and Mosul.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Being leader of Nuruddin was the second son of Imaduddin Zengi, atabeg of Tripoli Aleppo and Mosul, who was an enemy of the crusaders.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

After his father was assassinated, Nuruddin and his elder brother Saifuddin Ghazi I divided the kingdom between the two of them, where Nuruddin controlled Aleppo Narzebha controlled Tripoli and Saif ad-Din took control of Mosul.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The border between the two new kingdoms was formed by the Khabur river.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Against the crusaders Soon after he took the lead, Nuruddin invaded the Principality of Antioch, seizing several castles in the north of Syria, where at the same time he conquered an attempt by Joscelin II to restore the Kingdom of Edessa which had been overrun by the Zengi of 1144.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin expelled the entire Christian population of the town as punishment for helping Joscelin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin tried to ally himself with his Muslim neighbors in northern Iraq and Syria to strengthen Muslims against their enemies in the west.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1147, he signed a bilateral treaty with Mu'inuddin Unur, governor of Damascus, as part of this consent, he married Mu'inuddin's daughter.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Mu'inuddin and Nuruddin attacked the cities of Bosra and Sarkhand, where it was taken by a rebellious Mu'in ad-Din vassal named Altuntash, but Mu'inuddin was always suspicious of Nuruddin's aims and unwilling to disturb his former crusader allies in Jerusalem, who had helped defend Damascus against Zengi.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

To appease Mu'in ad-Din, Nuruddin reduced himself in Damascus and turned towards the kingdom of Antioch, where he was able to seize Artah, Kafar Latha, Basarfut, and Balat.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1148, the Second Crusade arrived in Syria, led by Louis VII and Conrad III.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

They decided to attack Damascus.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Mu'inuddin lazily summoned help from Nuruddin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The siege of Damascus only occurred for 4 days before Nuruddin arrived.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin took a chance of the crusaders' failure by preparing for another attack over Antioch.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1149, he launched an attack against the territories dominated by the palace of Harim located on the eastern bank of the Orontes, after where he attacked the palace of Inab.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The Prince of Antioch, Raymond of Poitiers, quickly came to the aid of the attacked palace.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Muslim forces crushed the crusaders at Inab, where Raymond was killed.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Raymond's head was sent to Nuruddin, who sent him to the caliph in Baghdad.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He next captured all the territories of Antioch east of Orontes, where soon the area fell into the hands of the Byzantine Empire.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1150, he conquered Joscelin II for the last time, having allied himself with the sultan of Rüm, Mas'ud (where Mas'ud's daughter was also married by Nuruddin).


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Joscelin died in his prison in Aleppo in 1159.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1152 Nuruddin seized Tortosa after the killing of Raymond II of Tripoli.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Uniting the Nuruddin sultanate aspired to unite the various Muslim forces from the river Euphrates and the Nile to make a unity front facing the crusaders.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1149, Saifuddin Ghazi died, and his younger brother, Qutbuddin, passed on him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Qutbuddin recognized Nuruddin as the maharaja of Mosul, so the cities of Mosul and Aleppo were then united under one man.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

After the failure of the Second Crusade, Mu'inuddin renewed his agreement with the crusaders, and after his death of 1149, his successor Mujiruddin followed the same rule.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1150 and in 1151, Nuruddin tried to attack Damascus, but retreated with no success.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

When Ascalon was seized by the crusaders in 1153, Mujiruddin forbade Nuruddin to travel in his territory.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

However Mujiruddin was a leader who was not as powerful as previous leaders, and he also agreed to pay tribute for the crusaders in exchange for the protection they provided.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Damascus's weakness under Mujiruddin led Nuruddin to bring it down in 1154 with the help of the townspeople.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Damascus became part of Zengid territory, and all of Syria was united under the leadership of Nuruddin, from Edessa in the north to Hauran in the south.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was careful with not attacking Jerusalem, and proceeded to send an annual tribute performed by Mujiruddin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1157 Nuruddin attacked Ksatra Hospital in the crusader fortress at Banias and repulsed them, but he fell ill in that year and the crusaders were able to rest from his attack.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1159, the Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus arrived to assert his power in Antioch, and the crusaders hoped he would send an expedition to Aleppo.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

However, Nuruddin sent his ambassadors and negotiated communion with the emperor against the Seljuks.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin, along with Danishmend of eastern Anatolia attacked the Seljuk sultan Kilij Arslan II from the east the following year, when Manuel attacked from the west.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Later in 1160, Nuruddin captured the prince of Antioch, Raynald of Chatillon after a raid on the anti-Taurus mountains.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Raynald remained arrested for 16 years.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1162, with Antioch under Byzantine rule and the Crusader States to the south lacking the strength to attack Syria, Nuruddin took the Hajj to Mecca. He also visited the city of Medina.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Soon after Nuruddin's return, he learned of the deceased king Baldwin III of Jerusalem, refraining from attacking directly the crusader states.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

William of Tyre reports that Nuruddin at the time said: We must sympathize with their sorrow and out of pity forgive them, for they have lost a prince similar to the rest of the world not possessed today.”


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Egypt's problems Because there was nothing the crusaders could do in Syria, they were forced to turn south to the extent that they did want to expand their power.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The fall of Ascalon in 1153 into the hands of King Baldwin III of the overlordship of the Fatimiyad Caliphate had already succeeded in completely severing Egypt's logistical path from Syria.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Meanwhile, Egypt was politically weakened because it was ruled by Fatimiyah caliphs who were very young and even sometimes still children or teenagers.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1163, the Fatimiyad caliph was al-Adid (reigned 1160-1171) who was young (14 years old), but the administration was run by the vizier Shawar.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In that year, Shawar was eliminated by Dirgham.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Dirgham charming his 3 children named Thayib, Sulaiman and Khalil.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Thayib and Sulaiman were killed whereas Khalil was imprisoned.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Afterwards, the King of Jerusalem, Amalric I began an attack on Egypt, under the pretext that the Fatimiyads did not pay tribute during this time as they had promised to pay during the reign of Baldwin III.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

This assault failed and he was forced to pull back his troops to Jerusalem, but this had prompted Nuruddin to preface his campaign against the crusaders in Syria to distract them from Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

His attack on Tripoli was unsuccessful, but he was visited by Shawar, the expelled vizier from his own hometown, who pleaded with him to send special forces to restore his standing as vizier in Egypt with compensation would provide a third of the produce from land of Egypt to Nurudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

At first, Nuruddin was unwilling to divide his army for the defense of Egypt, but his own commander who came from the Kurdish tribe, Shirkuh, convinced him to invade Egypt in 1164.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In reply, Dirgham allied himself with Amalric, but the king was unable to move his army in time to save him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Dirgham was killed during the invasion of Shirkuh and his head was decapitated and put on display in all corners of the country.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shawar was restored again as vizier.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

However he broke his promise and conspired with the caliph Al Adhid asking Shirkuh to immediately lift the leg from Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The request was not responded by Shirkuh, instead he traveled to the far corners of Egypt, conquering many regions in the east and accumulating a lot of wealth.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shawar then allied himself with Amalric, who then arrived with a plentiful army to besiege Shirkuh in Bilbeis.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shirkuh survived in the fortress for 8 months.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was in a safe state fortified it.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The departure of the crusaders to Egypt was utilized by Nurudin to attack the territories controlled by the cruciform kingdom.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin invaded Antioch and besieged the palace of Harenc although by then Antioch became an area of the Byzantine protectorate (when the incident Manuel, the Byzantine King was in the Balkans).


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

There, Nuruddin defeated the combined forces of Antioch and Tripoli even Bohemond III of Antioch and Raymond III of Tripoli were taken captive by him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Even so he did not attack the city of Antioch itself, fearing countermeasures from the Byzantines.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Instead he besieged and captured Banias (the city of Banias was successfully captured in Zulhizah 560 H/October 1165 AD), and for the following 2 years nevertheless continued attacking the borders of the Cross States.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The success of Nurudin Mahmud penetrated the heart of the territories of the salibiyah dynasty and captivated its kings including Bohemond III of Antioch, Raymond III of Tripoli and Dauq of Byzantium causing the struggling Crusaders ousting Shirkuh in Egypt to be completely repulsed.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

King Amaric invites Shirkuh to reconcile with him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Asadudin Shirkuh accepted his offer on condition that Shawar bin Mujirudin pay 60,000 dinars as punishment for his betrayal.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Furthermore, Amalric was forced to go home to Jerusalem while Shirkuh went back to Syria leaving Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

It turns out that Shawar made a secret treaty with King Amalric again in which the content of the treaty states that King Almaic is obliged to help Shawar when disturbed by other parties.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

This agreement was known to Nurudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He argued that it was wise to free Egypt from traitors such as Shawar ibn Mujirudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1166 Shirkuh was sent back to Egypt with an army that probably consisted of 2,000 cavalry.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

This force crossed the Nile and stopped at Giza (Jizah) to carry out a two-month siege on Egypt with a very tight siege.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shawar also asked the Crusaders for help.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Amalric-led crusaders entered into Egypt from the direction of Dimyath early in 1167.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Their arrival was made known to Shirkuh who then he and his army turned towards Sha'id and levied taxes from its citizens.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And the war began, and finally won by the forces led by Asaduddin Shirkuh.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

After successfully defeating the Crusaders' forces, Asadudin Shirkuh moves to the city of Alexandria and conquers it.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He appointed his nephew, Shalahudin Yusuf as governor of Alexandria province, while he himself went home to Sha'id.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Apparently Shawar drafted a new force and allied himself with the Crusader forces to besiege the city of Alexandria and seize it from the hands of Shalahudin Yusuf.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shalahudin defended the city tenaciously even though he and his army were in hardship and lack of food stocks.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Not long after Asadudin Shirkuh came from Sha'at giving reinforcements.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The arrival of Shirkuh's army was known to Shawar and he was afraid that the two forces joined forces to defeat his army.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He offered peace to Shalahudin with compensation handing over 50,000 dinars worth of money.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Asadudin Shirkuh accepted this offer which he valued considerable value.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Then he went out of the city of Alexandria and handed over the affairs of the city of Alexandria to the Egyptians themselves.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He then returned to Syria.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shawar meanwhile renewed the treaty with the Crusaders by giving the french army a hundred thousand dinars to keep them headquartered in Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The Crusaders accepted Shawar's offer although without receiving any payment they were happy to help.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Thus the crusaders occupied Alexandria and Cairo as well as making Egypt a tribute-payer state for the salibiyad dynastic state.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

But Amalric was unable to take full control of Egypt, as long as Nuruddin was still in control of Syria.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Finally, he was forced to return to Jerusalem, and was shocked to see Nurudin had conquered the fortress of areas controlled by the previous Salibiyah dynasty and captivated a lot of women and their children and got a lot of war spoils such as jewelry and their possessions.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1168 Amalric allied himself with Emperor Manuel and invaded Egypt once more.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He prepared a large army and equipped it with weapons that were complete than he possessed for victory.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

With those forces they invaded Egypt and took control of Bilbeis (Balbis) and made it the main headquarters of his army.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

From Balbis they turned to Cairo.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

This is known to Shawar and he realizes that this is beyond his control.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And not according to the agreement he made with the King of Jerusalem before.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

So he burned the city of Fustat (Shawar had previously lived to inhabit Fustat) and sent the hijras to Cairo.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The fire burned and likely only burned crops for 54 days. (1168) According to a source that is not known whether it is reliable, the salibiyah dynasty captivated many Muslims, controlled the country and plundered its wealth and threatened Caliph al Adhid.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The threat of this Crusader army might have forced the caliph to plead Nurudin for help.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The Caliph promised and declared ready to give all the taxes he earned in Egypt to Sultan Nurudin Mahmud and asked the Sultan to stay with him in Cairo in order to protect Cairo from their attacks.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In addition he promised to give additional taxes to Nurudin's military beyond the one-third of the taxes he promised.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Early in 1169 Asadudin Shirkuh was sent to Egypt and defeated the Crusaders and drove out the crusaders and killed the minister of traitors, Shawar.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The month of Late Rabiul (8 January 1169), Asadudin Shirkuh encountered Caliph Al Adhid and he was appointed vizier to replace Shawar.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The caliph removed Shawar's service suit and gave it to Shirkuh.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

After that Shirkuh went home to his tent in Dzahirul Balad.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

It turned out that Caliph Al Adhid did not keep his promise to Sultan Nurudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

While Shirkuh didn't seem to care about the caliph's stance.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He began to realize his plans, appointed governors, sent ambassadors and levied taxes.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He served as vizier for 2 months and 5 days.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He died dated 12th Jumadil Late 564 AH (14 March 1169).


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was succeeded by his nephew, Shalahudin Yusuf ibn Ayub as vizier of the Fatimiyad Caliphate and the Caliph gave him the title Al Malik An Nasir.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

At first Nurudin was less than pleased with the appointment of Shirkuh and Shalahudin as Vizier of the caliph of Fattimiyah, because he did not trust the Shi'ahs.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

But Shalahudin with his wisdom managed to convince Nurudin of his loyalty.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In October 1169, King Almuric and Manuel invaded Egypt once again.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The Crusaders besieged the city of Damietta (Dimyat) for 50 days tirelessly and restricted the space of motion of its inhabitants.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He said Salahudin sent a letter to the sultan of Nurudin asking for help, and Nurudin immediately sent troops to reinforce Salahudin's forces.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Salibiyah's siege of the city of Damietta was utilized by Nurudin to attack the cruciform states with great force.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He penetrated their areas of power and gained much war booty, killing and captivating countless women and their children.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

News of the assault carried out by Sultan Nurudin was heard by the crusaders who besieged the city of Damietta.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

They were also forced to withdraw troops and stop the siege.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Hearing this, Nurudin Mahmud was very happy.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1171, Nurudin ordered Salahudin to pray for the Abasiyad caliph at the Friday Prayer Khutbah in place of the Fatimiyad Caliph.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

At first Salahudin disagreed with fear that there would be a collapse of society in Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

But one of his followers named Al Amir Al Amin convinced him to exercise the orders of Sultan Nurudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The first Friday of the month of Muharam 567H (September 1171), Al Amir Al Amin ascended the pulpit of Friday preceding the official khatib then prayed for the Caliph of the Abbasiah, Al Mustanjid Billah, and apparently not one opposed him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And on the second Friday Salahudin ordered all the khatib of Friday to cease his prayers for the Fatimiyad caliph, al Adid and add the Abasiyad Caliph, Al Mustanjid Billah to his prayer list.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shalahudin also dismissed all Egyptian court judges because they were from the Shi'ah stream, and replaced them with new court judges from among Sunni pilgrimage Shafi'i.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

On the other hand, Caliph Al Adid fell ill and finally died on 10 Muharam 567 AH (14 September 1171 AD), thus ending the Fatimiyad Caliphate.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Death During these times, Nurudin was busy with affairs in the northern regions of his country, fighting a dynasty of artoqids, and in 1170 he had to settle a dispute among his nephews when Qutbudin died.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

After conquering Egypt, Nurudin believed that he had achieved his goal of uniting the Muslim States, but there was a rift in relations between Nurudin and Salahudin triggered by misrepresentation between the two leaders.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

At that time Nurudin intended to besiege the city of Al Kurk.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He advised Salahudin to send troops to the agreed place.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Salahudin also departed with his army to the place.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

For a few days Salahudin realized the possibility of danger if Egypt he left.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

So he sent a letter to Sultan Nurudin about it, and apologized for his absence.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Salahudin also returned to Egypt.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

This publishes the sense of anger of Sultan Nurudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He intended to attack Egypt to subdue Salahudin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Salahudin also held a meeting attended by the amirs in the region to discuss this.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

On the advice of his father, Najmudin, Salahudin briefed Sultan Nurudin who declared his submission.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nurudin was satisfied in this regard and called off his assault.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

It is recorded that Salahudin did not take part in some of the attacks that Nurudin led in against Jerusalem in 1171 and 1173.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In 1174, when Nurudin was on the verge of an assault on Egypt due to Salahudin's absence in the assault in 1173 (At that time Shalahudin withdrew his army when he got news that his father had died), he caught fever due to complications peritonsillar abscess, and died at his age 59.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

His young son As-Salih Ismail al-Malik became his successor.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shalahuddin sent envoys to As-Salih Ismail al-Malik and offered his filial services and obedience.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Shalahuddin even went on to mention the young sultan's name in his sermons on Fridays and coinage.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin's relics he said set up universities and mosques throughout the urban areas he controlled.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Such universities are important for the teaching of the Quran and Hadiths.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin himself enjoyed to have specialist experts recite him from Hadith, and his professor awarded him a diploma in Hadith narration.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He also established a free hospital in his town, and set up a caravanserai on the road for all explorers and pilgrims.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In the Muslim world he may have become a figure of legend in terms of military courage, piety, and strength.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Ibn Al Kastir described Nurudin Mahmud saying: 'All I read about the king, both in the pre-Islamic period and in the Islamic period until now, I have never seen a more just and kind king to his subordinates after Khulafa Arrasyidin and Umar ibn Abdul Aziz has a good history from Nuruddin, the just king.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was a clever, intelligent and very observant of the situation of the era.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He never valued a person because of his social status and estate.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He only appreciates people who are honest and hard working. '


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was also noted for his faithfulness and his wariness (love of God).


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was strong-willed to perform all prayer services and celebrate Islamic celebrations.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He performs the Isha prayer and wakes up in the middle of the night for the evening prayer until the rise of dawn.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He also fasted a lot.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin is also characteristic of having a broad faciality and knowledge, so he is like a cleric and suritauladan to the history of salafusshaleh scholars.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was a follower of the Hanafi madhab and obtained permission to narrate the hadith.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He made a book about the concept of jihad, having a healer who had a high will, as he was also endowed with a strong personality and charisma.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was dreaded but gentle and compassionate.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And in its majesty there are no things except science, religion and possibly also about jihad.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And according to unknown sources have never heard from him utter vile sentences at all in angry or cheerful conditions.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was really a quiet man.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was a zuhud and self-condescending (mutawaadhi).


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The consumption of the poorest man of that era is still higher than the consumption he eats every day without deposits and does not determine world affairs for himself.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And when his wife complained to him of the severity of life's suffering and distress conditioned by her husband, Mahmud gave her three private shops in the city of Homs and said: “That's all I have.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And do not expect me to put my finger on the money of the people mandated to me, I will not betray it.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And I do not want to immolate myself in the punishment of Allah only because of you.”


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin also established universities and mosques throughout the city he once controlled.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The universities concentrate on teaching the Quran and Hadith.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin himself liked hearing the Hadist from the Hadist Ulema who recited him Hadiths, and the hadist gave him a diploma to narrate the Hadith.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He also established a free hospital in his city, and established a caravanserai on the road for explorers and pilgrims.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In the Muslim world he became a legendary figure in military valor, piety, and chivalry.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

One day, a Faqih named Qutbuddin Annisaburi said to him: “I beg you not to destroy yourself and Islam.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

If you had been stricken in the middle of the battle then there would have been none of these people left, all of them were killed”.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

So he replied: O Qutbuddin!


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Who is laudable so flattered as this?


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Before me anyone nurtured the state and Islam?


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

It is a God that there is no other god.”


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He has a high commitment to realize all the teachings of Islam.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He became a good role model for the top officials of the country and his leadership in committing to existing laws.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

As he also strives to be able to restore the rights of the punishable to those who are persecuted.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And said, “It is not permissible for anyone who is friends with me not to convey the story of a persecuted person who does not reach me.”


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

In his pace of uniting Islamic countries, he strongly maintained a commitment not to cause Muslim bloodshed.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Therefore, he was very transgressor and thoughtful.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin (may Allah have mercy on him) is committed to Sharia and carries out its rulings.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Despite the compulsion that prompted him to confront the leaders of Muslim cities and strongholds in his efforts to realize unity through alliance with the European peoples, but the blood of a Muslim for him is very valuable even though he still seizes Muslim territory if it is forced to do.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Whether it is to be used in battle with the Salibids or for fear of threats that may come from them.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And when the ruler of Damascus made an alliance with Salibiyah in 544 AH (1150 AD), he fought with them without the slightest harm to Muslims and wiped out their lives.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

As he said: “There is no need for Islamists to fight each other and I try to please them so that they do not hesitate to wage jihad against the infidels.”


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He had witnessed that Damascus had forbidden him until he wished and prayed to God for him to be part of his kingdom.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And when one of them (the Damascus) stirred the matter to the judge, he was called and said, “With all obedience the words of the believer if praying to Allah and His Messenger to determine the decision between them must say we hear and obeyed.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Surely I came here because of carrying out the commandments of Sharia”.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

On another occasion he was summoned by the judges then he came.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And when it was proved that the truth was in favor of Nuruddin, his opponent was handed over what was alleged to him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He has also abolished taxes that go beyond the limits of sharia, even though they are a source of huge revenue streams for the state budget and it is possible to be passed according to some people with the country's difficult conditions and existing wars.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He said: 'We guard the road from thieves and pirates, don't we try to nurture religion and prevent what corrupts it. '


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And what he liked best was the sentence of truth that he heard or the call to the Sunnah that he followed.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He revives behavior to honor scholars and reward them, even though leaders and bigwigs dare not sit in a meeting without his orders and permission.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

So when he comes a faqih and shaleh, he stands up first and pleads the person to sit down.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And he also showed respect and appreciation to him.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

According to him the scholars were: “Soldiers of God and by their prayers to God we will be won against the enemy.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And they have a multiplied right in the temple of maal which I do not give, if they are willing to do with what we do for some of their rights, then it is a gift for us”.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He was happy to listen to the advice of the scholars and exhorted him and said, “If it says to me, Mahmud, let all the feathers of Rome down on my body because of his wife and make my heart smoother.”


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin pays attention to the condition of Muslims and brings to life the meanings of togetherness, cooperation and solidarity between others and alleviate their suffering and difficult conditions.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He has worked to support orphans, to marry widows, meet the needs of poor children, set up hospitals, refugee places, orphanages, markets, public defecation (lavatories), public streets and give Bedouins a place to stay so they do not disturbing the Hajj congregants.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The services rendered to his people continued to increase, so some reported that he was very loved by the people and his relationship with them became strong and solid. The constructive soul and the love of virtue continued to flow through the walls of the souls of his subordinates thus making them too participate in the race to serve the people, build schools, hospitals, refugee places and other media services.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin governs the zakat giving office, coordinating its collection and division according to the basics of sharia.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He also encouraged tycoons to secure transportation infrastructure and abolish taxes that unduly burden the wheels of business movement.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He is constantly working on what is possible to strengthen the country he has built and drive the pace of its economic development.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Nuruddin really strives with every effort to be able to realize Islamic unity with all patience, tact and obstinacy and with determination not to cause the blood of the people.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

He sought to be able to attract sympathy and support from various Islamist forces in the northern regions of Iraq and provoke their solidarity.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

And he likely revealed the essence of the rulers and leaders who were a stumbling block to Islamic unity in front of the eyes of his people. They differentiated between the jihad he cultivated and the disrepute of their own rulers, between his reforms and the ruler's damage, between His loyalty to Allah, the Messenger and the believers and loyalty to the ruler, the maslahat, their lusts and the Salibids.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Then his people may be wishful that he might rule them.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Therefore, he also gained wide legitimacy when their own territories joined him in time.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

See also Zengi Salahuddin Ayyubi Aleppo Damascus Fatimid Battle of Ascalon List of libraries of Maalouf, Amin.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

The Crusades Through Arab Eyes, 1985 Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, vol. II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Cambridge University Press, 1952 The Damascus Chronicle of the Crusades, Extracted and Translated from the Chronicle of Ibn al-Qalanisi.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

H. A.R. Gibb, 1932 (reprint, Dover Publications, 2002) William of Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, trans. E. A. Babcock and A.C. Krey. Columbia University Press, 1943 Wassito.


Question: when did Amalric die?

Nuruddin Zanki

Zanki dynasty,2008 {{subst: #if: |}} [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1118}} || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of birth missing {{subst: #switch: {subst:uc:1174}} ||LIVING =( living people)}} | #default =1118 births}]] [[Category: {subst: {subst #switch: {{subst:uc:1174}} || LIVING =Living people | UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of death missing | #default =1174 deaths}}]] Category:General Muslim


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Kiai Haji Abdul Wahab Hasbullah () was a founding cleric of Nahdatul Ulama.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

KH Abdul Wahab Hasbullah is a cleric with modern views, his daunting started by establishing a mass media or newspaper, namely the general daily “Soeara Nahdlatul Oelama” or Soeara NO and Berita Nahdlatul Ulama.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

He was appointed National Hero of Indonesia by President Joko Widodo on 7 November 2014 [1].


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

He was the author of the verse “Ya Lal Wathon” which was widely sung among Nahdliyyin, the song Ya Lal Wathon in his coral in 1934.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

KH Maimun Zubair said that the verse is a verse that he heard, obtained, and sang during his youth in Rembang.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Formerly verse Ya Lal Wathon was delivered every want to start learning activities by students. [Tambakberas History Team, Tambakberas: Reviewing History, Picking Uswah. 2017 1] Lyrics Syubbanul Wathon (Love of the Motherland) — Yaa Lal Wathon — Hubbul Wathon Minal Iman Karya: KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Abdul Wahab Chasbullah (1934) (Diploma of KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Maemon Zubair Year 2012) يالَلقوَطَنيالَلقوَطَن يالَلقوَطَنYa Lal Wathon Ya Lal Wathon Ya Lal Wathon Ya Lal Wathon حبالوَطَنالوَطَنن َلاَتَكِنمِنالحِرماَنWala Takun minal Hirman ام نِنهَضوا أَهالم القوَطَنInhadlu Alal Wathon ام ندقونيا أَهم يالاَدى Indonesia Biladi أَنتعِناواَنالفَخَاماماAnta 'Unwanul Fakhoma كمَنمَنيَأتِيم يَوماKullu May Ya'tika Yauma طَامرحما Yomihay Yalqo Himama Heirloom Heart O My Homeland Your Love in My Faiths Do Not Impede Your Fate Arise O My People Heirloom Heart O My Fatherland Your Love in My Faith Do Not Obstruct Your Fate Arise O Indonesian People My Country Thou Panji My Martabatlah Who Came Threaten You Kan Perish under your thorns [2] Family Father KH Abdul Wahab Hasbullah is KH Hasbulloh Said, Nanny Pesantren Tambakberas Jombang East Java, while His mother was named Nyai Latifah.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Education He was also a pioneer in opening discussion forums among scholars, both in NU, Muhammadiyah and other organizations.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

He studied at Langitan Tuban Pesantren, Mojosari Nganjuk Boarding School, Tawangsari Tuban Pesantren, studying at Shaikhona R. Muhammad Kholil Bangkalan, Madura, and Tebuireng Jombang Pesantren under the tutelage of Hadratusy Syaikh KH. M. Hashim Ash'ari.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Besides, Kyai Wahab also wandered to Mecca to join Shaykh Mahfudz at-Tirmasi and Shaykh Al-Yamani with the result of special value.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Activities in Nahdatul Ulama KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Abdul Wahab Hasbulloh was the Founding father of NU Besides he also had been Commander of Laskar Mujahideen (Hezbollah) when fighting Japanese invaders.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

He is also noted as a member of DPA with Ki Hajar Dewantoro.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

The year 1914 established a course named “Tashwirul Afkar”.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

In 1916 founded the Islamic Youth Organization called Nahdlatul Wathan, then in 1926 became the Team Chairman of the Hijaz Committee.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Abdul Wahab Hasbulloh is also an originator of the foundations of leadership in NU organization with two bodies, Syuriyah and Tanfidziyah as a unifying effort among the Old and Young.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Pioneer of Freedom of Thinking A. Wahab Hasbullah is a pioneer of freedom of thought among Indonesian Muslims, especially in the nahdhiyyin environment.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

A.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Wahab Hasbullah is a major Indonesian cleric.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

He was a cleric who emphasized the importance of freedom in religion, especially freedom of thought and opinion.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

For that reason kyai Abdul Wahab Hasbullah formed a discussion group Tashwirul Afkar (The Upheaval of Thought) in Surabaya in 1914.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

At first the group held activities with limited participants.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

But thanks to the principles of freedom of thought and opinion applied and the topics talked about having a wide community range, in a short time this group became very popular and attracted attention among youth.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Many Islamic figures from various circles meet in the forum to debate and solve the problems that are considered important.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Tashwirul Afkar not only gathered the clerics of boarding schools.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

He also became a communication event and forum for the exchange of information between national figures as well as a bridge for communication between the younger generation and the older generation.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Because of the nature of its recruitment that attaches more importance to the progressivity of thinking and acting, it is also clear this discussion group also becomes a cadre forum for young people who combine in scientific thinking and political world.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Simultaneously, from his home in Kertopaten, Surabaya, Kyai Abdul Wahab Hasbullah with KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Mas Mansur gathered a number of scholars in the organization Nahdlatul Wathan (Awakening of the Fatherland) which gained its legal position in 1916.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

It is from this organization that Kyai Abdul Wahab Hasbullah has the full trust and support of the boarding school clerics who are approximately in line with him.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Among the scholars who gathered it were Kyai Bisri Syansuri (Denanyar Jombang), Kyai Abdul Halim, (Leimunding Cirebon), Kyai Alwi Abdul Aziz, Kyai Ma'shum (Lasem) and Kyai Cholil (Kasingan Rembang).


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

The freedom of thought and opinion that Kyai Wahab Hasbullah spearheaded by forming Tashwirul Afkar is his most important legacy to Indonesian Muslims.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Kyai Wahab has exemplified to his succeeding generations that the principle of freedom of thought and opinion can be executed in a condensed feel of religion.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

The principle of freedom of thought and opinion will not reduce the spiritualism of religious people and the level of faith of a Muslim.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

With the principle of freedom of thought and opinion, Muslims will actually be able to solve social problems with Islamic analysis knife.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Once once Kyai Wahab was visited by someone asking for a fatwa about Qurban who had previously come to Kyai Bisri Syansuri.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

“That according to the law of Fiqh with a cow is the reward for seven people only”, explained Kyai Bisri.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

But Si Fulan who asked earlier hoped that his young son could be accommodated too.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Of course Kyai Bisri's answer was not satisfactory for him, because his eighth son could not participate in enjoying Qurban's reward.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Then by Kyai Wahab was found a logical solution for Si Fulan earlier.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

“For your little son bought a goat to be used as a jump on the back of a cow”, exclaimed kyai Wahab.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

From a few stories above, we know clearly that the art of preaching in society requires a broad horizon of thought and luwes.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Kyai Wahab uses the Ushuliyyah rule “Maa laa yudraku kulluh, laa yutraku julluh”, What cannot be expected should not be left at all.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

This is where the role of Ushul Fiqh feels very dominant from Fiqh itself.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

An Inspirator GP Ansor From the historical record of the founding of GP Ansor was born from the womb of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU).


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Starting from differences between traditional figures and modernist figures that appeared in the body of Nahdlatul Wathan, a religious organization engaged in Islamic education, mubaligh coaching and cadre coaching.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah, a traditional figure and KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Mas Mansyur who has a modernist bow, finally came to a stream of different movements precisely when the spirit grew to establish Islamic youth organizations.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Two years after the split, in 1924 the young men who supported KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Abdul wshab hasbulloh —who later became the founder of NU— formed a container under the name Syubbanul Wathan (Youth of the Fatherland).


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

It was this organization that was the forerunner of the founding of the Ansor Youth Movement after previously undergoing name changes such as the Youth Union of NU (PPNU), Youth NU (PNU), and Anshoru Nahdlatul Oelama (ANO).


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Ansor's name is a suggestion of KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah —a great cleric as well as a professor of young people at that time, taken from the honorific name given by the Prophet Muhammad SAW to the people of Medina who had merited in the struggle to defend and uphold the religion of Allah.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Thus ANO is meant to be able to take wisdom and guidance on the attitude, behavior and spirit of the struggle of the companions of the Prophet who got the Ansor predicate.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

The ANO movement must always refer to the basic values of Ansor friends, namely as helpers, fighters and even pioneers in broadcasting, upholding and fortifying Islamic teachings.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Although ANO is declared a part of NU, it is formally organisatorical not yet listed in the NU organizational structure.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

New on the 9th NU Muktamar in Banyuwangi, precisely on 10 Muharram 1353 H or 24 April 1934, ANO accepted and passed as part (department) NU youth.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

The inclusion of ANO as one of the departments in NU's institutional structure is thanks to the struggles of young kiai-kiai such as KH.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Machfudz Siddiq, K.H. A. Wahid Hashim, K.H.


Question: Where is Ahmad Wahib's birthplace?

Abdul Wahab Hasbullah

Dachlan Outlink (in English) (in English) Reference || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of birth missing {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1971}} ||LIVING =( living people)}} | #default =1888 births}}]] [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1971}} || Living people | UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of death missing | #default =1971 deaths}}]] abdul-wahab-hasbullah abdul-wahab-hasbullah abdul-wahab-hasbullah abdul-wahab-hasbullah abdul-wahab-hasbullah Category:Indonesian national hero Abdul Wahab Hasbullah


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Children of God (COG) later known as Families of Loves, Families, and now Families International is a new religious movement started in 1968 in Huntington Beach, California, United States.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

It was part of the Jesus Movement (Jesus Movement) at the end of the 1960s. Most of its members are from the hippie movement.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The movement was one of many other movements that stirred sect controversy in the 1970s and 1980s in the United States and Europe and sparked the first organized anti-sect group (FREECOG).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

While the movement grew and expanded around the world, so did its message—salvation, Millenarianism, the spiritual revolution against the outside world which they referred to as the “system"—and the controversies that arose as a result of it.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In 1974, the movement began experimenting with a method of evangelism called Flirikan (Flirty Fishing) —using sex to show God's love and win new members and gain support.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

This practice was discontinued in 1987.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Their founder and leader who was recognized as the prophet, David Berg, communicated with his followers through the Mo Letters (Mo Letters) —letters containing instructions and advice on a variety of spiritual and practical topics—until he passed away in late 1994.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

After his death, his widow, Karen Zerby became leader of the Family.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The free sexual life of this group, the publishing and distribution of their writings, photographs and videos advocating and documenting sexual life between adults and children, as well as the sexualization of children, led to the emergence of various reports on relationships sexual between adults and children.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

A number of legal and academic investigations in the 1990s concluded “Family” as a safe environment for children, but the investigations also highlighted the problems of its old days.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The “Family” leader, who acknowledged that only a few children had been subjected to abuse from 1978 to 1985, created a policy prohibiting excessive punishment or any sexual contact between adults and minor children.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Those who were shown to be harassing children after December 1988 were excommunicated from membership of the “Family”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

“Family” requires people who decide to report the abuse of children to law enforcement authorities or conduct lawsuits against the accused of abuse to leave this group altogether.Or, if the alleged abuser has excommunicated for committing abuse to children, will be downgraded his membership status until the matter is resolved.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In January 2005 a former member of the “Family” was murdered by Ricky Rodriguez, the adopted son of this group's leader, who had left the group a few years earlier.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Rodriguez later committed suicide.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

This surprised the members of the “Family” as well as those who had been members, and generated considerable media attention.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Trust Main article: Belief of Children of God Theologians have placed the basic theology of “Family” in the historically Christian tradition, coupled with a number of unorthodox beliefs.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

To some extent, they self-identify, and will be viewed by most people, as fundamentalist Christians, though some of their more radical beliefs and practices would necessarily be considered non-traditional, or even heretical, by most Christians fundamentalists.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The “International Family” states that they believe that the Bible is the inspired word of God and the holy revelation.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

David Berg was regarded as a prophet by them, in the sense as a man who delivered messages from God, rather than primarily as one who predicted the future, though often he attempted to do just that, and most turned out to be inaccurate.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They believed his post had been passed down to his wife, Karen Zerby, at the time of his death.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They consider the official published writings of them in two, but not everything they have written, as part of the Word of God.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

While there is an understanding in this movement that all words do not have equal significance, in fact they are important to read and pay attention to.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They believe that the Great Commission of world evangelism is the duty of every Christian, and that their lives should be offered for the sake of service to God and others.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They have a number of levels of membership and the most highly committed “Family Disciples” are committed to living communally (together).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They also strongly encourage their members to have children.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Although family planning was initially highly discouraged, the choice was left to each individual and the practice turned out to be quite prevalent.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

A central precept of their theology is the “Law of Love”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In simple terms, this teaching says that when one's actions are motivated by unselfish, sacrificial love and are not intended to harm others, then that action is in accordance with Scripture, and thus valid in God's eyes.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They believe that this teaching overcomes all other Biblical laws, except for laws prohibiting homosexuality, which they believe to be an “abomination” in God's eyes.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They believe that God created human sexuality, that sexuality is an emotional and physical necessity, and is something natural, and that heterosexual relationships between people who are considered mature according to law and equally willing, is a pure and natural miracle of God's creation, and allowed according to Scripture.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Adult members may have sex with fellow adult members of the opposite sex.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Teenagers over the age of 16 are also allowed to have sex with teenagers who are their age.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Sex between children and adults is strictly forbidden.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The members of the “Family” are strongly encouraged to have sex with any member who may be in need.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

It is called “sharing” or “sacrificial sex”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

No one may be forced to have sex beyond their will, but members who do not “share” are considered selfish and unloving.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

As with other apocalyptic and millenarian movements, they believe that they are now living in a time known in Scripture as the “Last Days” or the “End Times”, that is, the time that will soon be followed by the second coming of Jesus Christ.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Before that event came, they believed that the world would be ruled for 70 years by someone known as the Anti Christ, who would create a world government.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

By the middle of his reign, he would be completely overrun by Satan and that would hasten a time full of distress known as the Age of Great Tribulation.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

This was a time full of great persecution over Christians as well as a time where many natural disasters and other unnatural disasters occurred.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

At the end of this time, faithful Christians will be raised to heaven in an event known as the Rapture that will soon be followed by a battle between Jesus and the Anti-Christ commonly referred to as the “Battle of Armageddon”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In this battle the Anti Christ will be defeated.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Jesus Christ will rule the Earth for 1000 years, a time they refer to as the Millennium.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The official statement of belief in “Family” can be found in: Later teachings of “Family” which later centered around beliefs they term “new spiritual weapons”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The “family” believed that they were soldiers engaged in a spiritual war in the conflict between good against evil in fighting for the souls and hearts of men.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Although some of these beliefs are not new to the “Family”, they occupy a more important notch now.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Some of these beliefs are: Prophecy: In “Family” terms, the traditional definition of prophecy—a prophecy about the future—has expanded to include any message received in the spirit from Jesus, from its founder, David Berg, who is now deceased, or “helper spirits” others (see below).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The group exerts great pressure that each member uses prophecy directly and regularly to guide their daily lives.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Although prophecy, also referred to as “channeling,” has been part of this movement since its inception, in recent years its role has become increasingly important.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Pundits note that, compared to other new religious movements, this “Family” is unique in that there is decentralization and democratization in their understanding of God's guidance.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Helper Spirits: includes angels, dead people, and even famous fictional figures, for example Don Kisot, who was sent to give clues and participate in spiritual warfare that takes place in a spirit dimension, which the members of the “Family” believe to exist side by side with the physical world that surrounds them.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

These helpers are believed to convey the divine messages they receive in prophecy and also engage in spiritual battles against Satan and his evil spirits.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Keys to the Kingdom: “The Family” believes that the keys are referred to in the Bible verse “and I will give you the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven,...”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

(Matthew 16:19), has a greater meaning now.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Because of this, the members of the “Family” exclaimed to the various Keys of the Kingdom for additional strength in prayer.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

These keys are also believed to provide power to various extraterrestrial spaceships, and can magically transform into swords to help them in warfare against evil spirits.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Loving Jesus: this is the term the members of the “Family” use to describe their intimate, sexual relationship with Jesus.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

“The Family” describes that the teachings of “Loving Jesus” are a radical form of bridal theology.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In their understanding of Scripture, the followers of Christ are His brides, who are called to love and serve Him with the spirit of a wife.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They take bride theology a step further than most Christians by advocating for its members to imagine that Jesus was having sexual intercourse with them at the time they had intercourse or masturbated.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The male members were taught to imagine themselves as women “in spirit”, to avoid homosexual relations with Jesus.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

“The Family” continues to emphasize the imminent second coming of Christ, which was preceded by the emergence of a worldwide government led by the “Anti Christ”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Doctrines in consider the End Times to influence all long-term decision-making.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

History of Children of God (1968—1977) The founder of this movement was previously a Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA) pastor, David Brandt Berg (1919-1994), also known in this group as Moses David, Mo, Mr. David, and “Papa” to the adult and eventual members of the group as “Grandpa” for the most youthful members of the group.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Members of the Children of God established communes, first called “colonies” but now referred to as “Houses”, in various cities around the world.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They do proselitism on the streets and handing out literature.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The new members joining the movement memorized scripture, took classes on Biblical knowledge and were expected to emulate the lives of prime Christians, while in others rejecting Christianity from the mainstream.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

(See Religious conversion) As is the case with new members in a number of other religions, and according to custom in the Bible, most new members take the new “Bible” name.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Berg communicated with his followers through more than 3,000 of his letters published over 24 years, referred to as “Mo's Letters” by members of this group.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In January 1972 David Berg introduced through his letters that he was a prophet of God for the age and thus increased his spiritual authoritative within this group.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Nonetheless, Berg acknowledged his weaknesses and failures. [1]


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Up to the end of 1972 the members of the COG had spread about 42 million Christian tracts, mostly about the Salvation of God and condemnation of America.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The spread of Berg's Letters on the streets (so-called “litnessing”) became the COG's primary method of reaching others—as well as gaining support—over the following five years.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Children of God completed its history as an organization in February 1978.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Reports of serious deviant conduct, irregularities—financial irregularities, and abuse of position by a number of established leaders, including challenges of a number of people to FFing (Flirty Fishing or Running with Lirikan), forced Berg to reorganize his movements.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

He fired more than 300 of the leadership of this movement and dissolved the structure of the COG at that time.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

This shift became known as the “Reorganization Nationalization Revolution” (RNR).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

One third of all members left this movement, and those who remained became part of the reorganized movement, now named “Family Love,” and later called “Family” only.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Most of these group beliefs still remain the same. [2]”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Keluarga Kasih” (1978—1981) The period of “Keluarga Kasih” was characterized by the movement of “Keluarga” members to more countries.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The usual methods of testimony included door-to-door dissemination of tracts and other gospel literature, classes that included “Family” music as well as classes on various aspects of Christian life.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In 1974, David Berg introduced a new method of testimony called Flirty Fishing (or ML — Running with Glirikan), which allowed female members to physically express the love of God through engaging in sexual activity with those potential to become members.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

It was started as an experiment in 1973 by members of Berg's inner circle and was eventually introduced to all members.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

By 1978, this way was practised much more widely by members of the group.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In certain areas the perpetrators of ML use eskort agents to meet with others.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

As in other methods of testimony, people reached through ML supported this motion generously.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Although ML was practised in a relatively short period of time, some people reached through ML remained friends, supporters, and continued to provide encouragement until now.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

According to “The Family”, the result of this “Establishing with Lirikan”, “more than 100,000 people received God's gift of salvation through Jesus, and some chose to live a life as disciples and missionaries. “[2]


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

According to data provided by “The Family” to researcher Bill Bainbridge, from 1974 to 1987 members of the “Family” had sexual intercourse with 223,989 people while practicing ML. [3]


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

ML also led to the birth of many children, including Karen Zerby's son, Davidito (aka Rick Rodriguez).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Children born as a result of ML are referred to as “The Babies of Jesus”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

By the end of 1981 more than 300 “The Babies of Jesus” had been born.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In an official statement about its origins, “International Family” described “Running with Lirikan” as follows: Partly in response to the sexual freedom of the early 1970s, Mr. David presents a more intimate and personal form of voluntary evangelism, which later became known as “Lenga with Glirikan” or “ML.”...


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Mr. David proposes that the limits of expressing God's love for others can sometimes be more than simply exposing good and doing good deeds.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

He proposes that for those who truly need love and physical affection, even sex can be used as evidence of God's love for them.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

His motivation, principle, and reason behind ML's ministry is that with this evidence of sacrificing love, some people will be better able to accept and understand God's great love for them.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The goal is that they will finally believe and receive God's loving salvation through his Son, Jesus, who gave up his life for them.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

With this unorthodox method David felt many would find God's love and salvation, which they would probably never acquire.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

While we no longer practice ML, we believe the scriptural principles behind this ministry remain strong.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In his decision concerning the case of seizure of child rights in the United Kingdom in 1994, after deep research into the publishing of “The Family” and the testimony of many people, Judge Ward said the following regarding ML: I am quite reassured that most women are involved in this activity and its continuation in ESing (meaning, finding men through escort agencies), do so in the belief that they are spreading the word of God.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

But I was also fully convinced that it was not Berg's only goal.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

He and his organization have more of a dirty excuse.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

They made those women ordinary prostitutes.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Knowingly they live partly based on money earned through prostitutes.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

It was a criminal activity.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Their attempts to deny it should be rejected as empty terms and hypocrisy.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Denying that women act as prostitutes because “we don't demand pay but we expect people to show their gratitude and appreciation and they should give more to love than if we ask them for pay” is not a special form of defense.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The “ML Handbook” told those women that intertwining could have been fun, but pleasure didn't pay bon bills.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

“You guys have to catch some people so that the fun pays for itself.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

So, don't do this for free.”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

A judge in Italy arrived at a very different conclusion in 1991, and ruled that ML was not a prostitute (see Tribunale Penale di Roma (Criminal Court of Rome), 15 November 1991, About the case of Berg and others, and in the archives of the Criminal Court of Rome (RG 3841/84): The The judge concluded that “it was only in the last months of 1977 that Berg began advising its members that offering sexual relationships and services for processity reasons was permitted for prospective members, even more so if those candidates had potential as contributors- a strong financial contributor to this sect.”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Among the Children of God, thus the judges' argument, ML was not understood as a prostitute but rather “as a private donation for the sake of the humanitarian goals that this sect has always claimed to be carried out.”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The practice of Establishing with Lirikan or “ML” was officially abandoned in 1987 and replaced by improved methods of testimony and also to avoid AIDS.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In 1987, new rules were issued prohibiting sexual relations with non-members, sanctioning exclusion.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

However, it is also stated that in certain cases there are exceptions.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

For example, a publishing state: “Any form of sex with outsiders is forbidden! —Except when they have become close friends and well known!”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

“The Family” (1982—1994) By 1982 more members of the “Family” had moved to parts of the southern and eastern world and by the end of 1983 “The Family” reported 10,000 full-time members living within 1,642 Family Homes.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In addition the radio club “Music with Meaning” has grown to 20,000 members.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

“The Family” also states that at this time testimonial efforts result in an average of 200,000 conversions to Christ and the dissemination of nearly 30 million pages of literature per month.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Berg's writings led to suspicions about the rearing of children by this movement, as he challenged modern taboos in modern western society about adult sexuality with children.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Some people don't believe that Berg is just cultivating the boundaries of society—they believe he is ignoring them.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Numerous women have falsely accused Berg of harassing them in childhood, including her eldest daughter Deborah Davis, her granddaughter Merry Berg, her other granddaughter, Joyanne Treadwell Berg, and Davida Kelley, a child raised in her family.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

A guideline on parenting that the group published in January 1982 described the education, family life, and upbringing of the boy Karen Zerby, known as Davidito or Ricky Rodriguez.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The 700-page book also contains about a dozen photographs depicting the boy engaging in sexual play with his nanny, specifically Sara (also known as Sara Davidito, Sara Kelley, or Prisca Kelley).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The book was deprived of the debate and reprinted without those pages that could make people offended.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Several pages from the original edition have been installed in Davidito's Story in Internet Story.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Some claim that publishing this book led to the same sexualisation of children throughout this group.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In 1988, reports of sexual abuse began to reach the leadership of the “Family”.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

This prompted Berg to discard his ideas about adult sex with children.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

He wrote: "We do not consent to sex with children and therefore reject any writings about anyone in our “Family” that might be described as such.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

We absolutely forbid it!


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

— Moses David 12/88" [4] In March 1989, “The Family” published a statement which read that, in “early 1985" an important memorandum was transmitted to all its members “to remind them that such activities [adult-children sexual contact] are strictly forbidden in our group. “[4] (emphasis in the original text).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

In January 2005, Claire Borowik, spokesperson for “Family International” published a statement that read, “In light of our policy to absolutely not tolerate sexual interactions between adults with minors is not clearly stated in our literature that published before 1986, we are now aware that in the transitional stages of our movement, from 1978 to 1986, there were a number of cases where minors were subjected to inappropriate sexual treatment...


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

This was officially corrected in 1986, when contact between an adult and a minor (anyone under the age of 21) was declared an offence that could be sanctioned by exclusion.”


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

By December 1988 the “Family” implemented a policy prohibiting adult-children sexual contact with the sanction of permanent exclusion (dismissal from the movement).


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

The policy is not retroactive.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

As a religious movement, the “Family” does not replace civil power when it comes to the issue of investigation of felony allegations.


Question: Who spreads the Children of God religion?

Children of God

Individuals, or parents of minors, who have a complaint may present their case to the relevant party.