Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

When eating, the pancreas makes insulin to transmit messages to other cells in the body.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

This insulin commands the cells to take glucose from the blood.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Glucose is used by cells for the manufacture of energy.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Excess glucose is stored in cells as glycogen.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

By the time blood sugar levels reach a certain low level, the cells break down glycogen into glucose to create energy.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Various diseases, syndromes and symptomas can be triggered by diabetes mellitus, including: Alzheimer's, ataxia-telangiectasia, Down syndrome, Huntington's disease, mitochondrial abnormalities, myotonis dystrophy, Parkinson's disease, Prader-Willi syndrome, Werner syndrome, Wolfram syndrome, [4] leukoaraiosis, dementia , [5] hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, [6] and others.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In 2013, Indonesia had about 8.5 million people with Diabetes, which was the fourth most number in Asia and number 7 in the world. [7]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

And by 2020, it is estimated that Indonesia will have 12 Million diabetics, because those who start getting diabetes are getting younger.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Signs and symptoms Signs of Diabetes ƒ*Frequent urination (Frequent urination) Excessive thirst (Excessive thirst) Excessive hunger (Increased hunger) Loss of weight (Weight loss) Fruity breath (Fruity breath odor) Fatigue (Tiredness) Loss of attention and concentration ( Vomiting and gastric pain, often suspected flu (Vomiting and stomach pain, often mistaken as the flu) A tingling sensation or numbness in the hands or feet Blurred vision Frequently infected (Frequent infections) Slow healing of wounds Bedwetting bedwetting, in children and adults (Bedwetting, in children and adults) The classic signs of untreated diabetes are weight loss, polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (often thirst), and polyphagia (often hungry). [8]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The symptoms can develop very quickly (a few weeks or months only) in type1 diabetes, while in type2 diabetes it usually develops much more slowly and may be asymptomatic at all or unclear.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Some of the other signs and their symptoms may indicate the presence of diabetes, although this is not specific to diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

They are blurred views, headaches, fatigue, slow healing of wounds, and hives.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Long high levels of blood glucose can lead to the absorption of glucose in the lens of the eye, leading to a change in shape, and a change in visual acuity.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

A number of hives due to diabetes are known as diabetic dermadromes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Emergency diabetes Patients (usually diabetes type1) may also experience diabetic ketoacidosis, a metabolic problem characterized by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, acetone odor in breathing, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing, and in severe cases reduced level of consciousness. [9]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Rarely, but severe is also the possibility of the presence of Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma, which is more common in type2 diabetes and this is primarily due to dehydration. [9]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Complications All forms of diabetes increase the risk of complications in the long term.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

It develops after 10-20 years, but could have the first symptoms appear in those who have not been diagnosed during this time.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The main long-term complication is the destruction of blood vessels.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetics are twice as much at risk for cardiovascular disease [10] and about 75 percent of deaths from diabetes are due to corner heart disease. [11]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Other large vessel diseases are stroke, and peripheral vascular disease (peripheral vascular disease).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Complications of micro blood vessels due to diabetes include damage to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves. [12]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Damage to the eye is known as diabetic retinopathy, which is caused by damage to blood vessels in the retina, and can result in gradual loss of vision and eventually blind. [12]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Damage to the kidneys is known as diabetic nephropathy, it can cause scarring, protein loss, and sometimes chronic kidney development, which sometimes requires dialysis or kidney transplantation. [12]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Damage to nerves is known as diabetic neuropathy, which is usually a major complication of diabetes. [12]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Symptoms may include numbness, tingling, pain, and other painful sensations, which can cause damage to the skin.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetic foot (such as diabetic foot ulcers) may arise, and it is difficult to deal with, sometimes requiring amputation.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In addition, proximal diabetic neuropathy causes pain in muscle wasting and becomes weak.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

There is a link between reduced cognitive and diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Compared to those without diabetes, diabetics experienced a 1.2 to 1.6 times greater decline in cognitive function. [13]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The World Health Organization (WHO) classification classifies forms of diabetes mellitus based on treatments and symptomas: [2] Type 1 diabetes, which includes ketoacidosis symptoma to the destruction of beta cells within the pancreas caused or causing autoimmunity, and is idiopathic.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus with apparent pathogenesis, such as cystic fibrosis or mitochondrial deficiency, does not belong to this class.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes, which results from insulin secretion deficiency, is often accompanied by insulin resistance syndrome Other Type Specific Diabetes which include genetic defects of pancreatic beta cell function, genetic defects of insulin action, pancreatic exocrine disease, endocrinopathy, drug or substance influence chemical, infectious, rare immunological causes, and other genetic syndromes associated with diabetes mellitus.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes, which includes gestational impaired glucose tolerance, GIGT and gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM.And according to the clinical stage without consideration of pathogenesis, is made into: Insulin requiring for survival diabetes, as in the case of peptide-C deficiency. Insulin requiring for diabetes control.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

At this stage, the secretion of insulin of the endogenus is not enough to achieve the symptoms of normoglycemia, if it is not accompanied by additional hormones from outside the body.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Not insulin requiring diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The fourth class at the clinical stage is similar to the classification of IDDM (English: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), medium fifth and sixth stages are members of the NIDDM classification (English: non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

IDDM and NIDDM are classifications listed on the International Nomenclature of Diseases in 1991 and the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases in 1992.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The malnutrion-related classification of diabetes mellitus, MRDM, is no longer used because, although malanutrition can affect the expression of some types of diabetes, until now there has been no evidence that malanutrition or protein deficiency can cause diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Subtypes of MRDM; protein-deficient pancreatic diabetes mellitus, PDPDM, PDPD, PDDM, are still considered to be forms of malanutrition induced by diabetes mellitus and require further research.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Whereas another subtype, Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, FCPD, is classified as an exocrine pancreatic disease on the trajectory of fibrocalculous pancreatopathy inducing diabetes mellitus.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The classification of Impaired Glucose Tolerance, IGT, is now defined as the stage of glucose regulation defects, as can be observed in all types of hyperglysemis abnormalities.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

However it is no longer considered a diabetic.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The classification of Impaired Fasting Glycaemia, IFG, was introduced as a symptoma of fasting blood sugar ratios higher than the upper limit of its normal range, but still below the ratio established as the basis for diabetes diagnosis.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus type 1 Type 1 diabetes mellitus, pediatric diabetes (English: childhood-onset diabetes, juvenile diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) is diabetes that occurs due to reduced ratio of insulin in blood circulation due to loss of insulin-producing beta cells in islands of pancreatic Langerhans.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

IDDM can be suffered by children as well as adults.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Until now IDDM was unpreventable and incurable, even with diet or exercise.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Most people with type 1 diabetes have good health and weight when the disease begins to suffer.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In addition, both sensitivity and the body's response to insulin are generally normal in people with diabetes of this type, especially in the early stages.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The greatest cause of beta cell loss in type 1 diabetes is the error of the autoimmunity reaction that destroys the beta cells of the pancreas.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Such autoimmunity reactions can be triggered by the presence of infection in the body.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Currently, type 1 diabetes can only be treated using insulin, with meticulous supervision of blood glucose levels through a blood-testing monitor device.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The basic treatment of type 1 diabetes, even for the earliest stages, is insulin replacement.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Without insulin, ketosis and diabetic ketoacidosis can lead to coma can even result in death.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Emphasis is also placed on lifestyle adjustment (diet and exercise. [14]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Apart from injectable administration in general, it is also possible to give insulin through the pump, which allows for the administration of insulin input 24 hours a day at a predetermined dose rate, it is also possible to give the dose (a bolus) of the required insulin at the time of the meal.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

As well as it is also possible to give insulin input through “inhaled powder”.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Type 1 diabetes care should continue.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Treatment will not affect normal activities if sufficient awareness, proper care, and discipline in the examination and treatment are carried out.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Average Glucose levels for patients with type 1 diabetes should be as close as possible to normal numbers (80—120mg/dl, 4-6mmol/l).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Some doctors recommend getting to 140—150mg/dl (7-7.5mmol/l) for those with problems with lower numbers, such as “frequent hypoglycemic events”.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Numbers above 200mg/dl (10mmol/l) are often followed by discomfort and too frequent urination leading to dehydration.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Numbers above 300mg/dl (15mmol/l) usually require prompt treatment and can lead to ketoacidosis.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Low levels of blood glucose, called hypoglycemia, can lead to loss of consciousness.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In older people, usually blood sugar is kept below 200mg/dl only and not lower, because it is feared that the occurrence of 'hypo' or blood sugar below 100mg/dl, for example, late eating, eating less than usual or too happy with activity excess than usual.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Currently, there is a lot of insulin administration to people with diabetes type 2 that continuously blood sugar is always above 200mg/dl, although they have been given various combinations of oral medications.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Insulin given is a 'long acting' or 24 hours and still taking oral medication at a lower dose each large meal.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus type 2 Diabetes mellitus type 2 (English: adult-onset diabetes, obesity-related diabetes, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) is a type of diabetes mellitus that occurs not caused by the ratio of insulin in the blood circulation, but is a disorder metabolism caused by mutations in many genes, [15] including those expressing β-cell dysfunction, impaired secretion of insulin hormone, cell resistance to insulin [16] caused by GLUT10 dysfunction [17] with resistin hormone cofactors causing tissue cells, especially in the liver becomes less sensitive to insulin [18] as well as RBP4 which suppresses glucose uptake by striated muscles but increases blood sugar secretion by the liver. [18]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Mutations of that gene often occur on chromosome 19 which is the densest chromosome found in humans. [19]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

At NIDDM was found high expression of SGLT1, [20] a high ratio of RBP4 and resistin hormones, [18] an increase in the metabolic rate of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, [18] a decrease in the rate of oxidation reactions and an increase in the rate of esterification reactions in the liver. [21]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

NIDDM can also be caused by dyslipidemia [22], lipodystrophy, [18] and insulin resistance syndrome.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

At the initial stage of the disorder that appears is a reduced sensitivity to insulin, which is characterized by an increased level of insulin in the blood.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Hyperglycemia can be alleviated by anti-diabetic drugs that can increase insulin sensitivity or reduce glucose production from hepatic, but the more severe the disease, insulin secretion is reduced, and insulin therapy is sometimes needed.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

There are several theories that mention the exact cause and mechanism of occurrence of this resistance, but central obesity is known to be a predisposing factor to the occurrence of resistance to insulin, in relation to the discharge from adipokines it impairs glucose tolerance.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Obesity is found in approximately 90% of the world's patients developed a diagnosis with type 2 sweet urination.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Other factors include snarling and family history, although in the last decade it has been steadily increasing began to affect adolescents and children.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes can occur without any symptoms prior to the outcome of the diagnosis.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes is usually, initially, treated by means of changes in physical activity (exercise), [23] diet (generally a reduction in carbohydrate intake), and passing weight reduction.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

It can reinvigorate the sensitivity of the hormone insulin, even when the weight/load loss is humble,, for example, at around 5kg (10 to 15lb), most especially when it is in obese abdominal deposits.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The next step, if necessary, treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

[As /When/Cause] production of the hormone insulin is an initially unobstructed treatment, oral (often used in combination) cans remain used to increase the production of the hormone insulin (e.g., sulfonylureas) and regulate the unsuitable release/release of glucose by the liver ( and thinning the retaliation of insulin hormones to some extent (e.g., metformin), and in fact thinning the retaliation of insulin hormones (e.g., thiazolidinediones).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

If this fails, the science of insulin hormone treatment will become necessary to maintain normal or near normal glucose levels.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

An orderly way of life about blood glucose check is recommended in most cases, most especially once and necessary when taking most medications.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

A dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor substance called sitagliptin, has recently been allowed for use as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. [24]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Like other dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, sitagliptin will open opportunities for both tumor and cancer cell development. [25] [26] A very characteristic phenotype shown by NIDDM in humans is a deficiency in oxidative metabolism within mitochondria [27] in striated muscles. [28] [29] In contrast, tri-iodotironina hormone induces biogenesis within the mitochondria and increases the synthesis of ATP synthase in complex V, increases cytochrome c oxidase activity in complex IV, decreases reactive oxygen spection, decreases oxidative stress, [30] moderate melatonin hormone will increases ATP production within the mitochondria as well as increases respiratory chain activity, especially in complexes I, III and IV. [31]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Together with insulin, these three hormones form a cycle that regulates oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria within striated muscles. [32]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

On the other hand, metallothioneine inhibiting GSK-3beta activity will reduce the risk of cardiac muscle deficiency in diabetics. [33] [34] [35] Symptoma occurring in NIDDM can be dramatically reduced, followed by a reduction in body weight, after intestinal bypass surgery.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

This is known as a result of increased secretion of the hormone incretin, but experts have not been able to determine whether this method can provide a cure for NIDDM with changes in glucose homeostasis. [36]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In traditional therapy, flavonoids containing the compounds hesperidin and naringin, are known to cause: [37] increased mRNA glucokinase, increased expression of GLUT4 in the liver and increased tissue enlightenment gamma proliferator peroxisome increased plasma ratio hormone insulin, protein C and leptin [38] decreased expression of GLUT2 in the liver decreased plasma ratio of fatty acids and triglyceride levels in the liver decreased plasma ratio and cholesterol levels in the liver, among others by suppressing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme reductase, acyl-coA, cholesterol acyltransferase decrease oxidation fatty acids in the liver and carnitine activity of palmitoyl, among others by reducing the synthesis of glucose-6 phosphatase dehydrogenase and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase increase the rate of glycolysis trajectory and/or decrease the rate of medium gluconeogenesis trajectory naringin itself, decreases transcription mRNA phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6 phosphatase inside the liver.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Hesperidin is an organic compound found in citrus fruits, while naringin is widely found in grapes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus type 2 can be prevented or slowed by developing a Healthy Lifestyle: [39] Healthy diet by increasing consumption of vegetables and fruits Exercise 3 times a week, each at least 20 minutes [40] Maintain ideal weight Avoid cigarettes Reduce intake Alcohol Normal weight men risk 70 percent lower than those of obes, while women with normal weight the risk is 78 percent lower than those with obes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Do always Blood Sugar Test, because a diagnosed person starts Predieabetes, but immediately does his Lifestyle Changes, then he will avoid type 2 diabetes mellitus or at least slow down the appearance of Dibetes mellitus type 2.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Type 3 diabetes mellitus gestational diabetes (English: gestational diabetes, insulin-resistant type 1 diabetes, double diabetes, type 2 diabetes which has progressed to require injected insulin, latent autoimmune diabetes of adults, type 1.5" diabetes, type 3 diabetes, LADA) or diabetes mellitus that occurs only during pregnancy and recovers after childbirth, with the involvement of interleukin-6 and reactive protein C on its pathogenetic trajectory. [41]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

GDM may be able to damage the health of the fetus or the mother, and about 20— 50% of women with GDM survive.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy occurs in about 2— 5% of all pregnancies.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

GDM is temporary and can increase or disappear after childbirth.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

GDM is curable, but requires careful medical supervision throughout the period of pregnancy.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Although GDM is temporary, if not handled properly it can harm the health of the fetus and the mother.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Risks that may be experienced by infants include macrosomia (infant weight high/above normal), congenital heart disease and central nervous system abnormalities, and skeletal muscle defects.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Increased fetal hormone insulin can inhibit the production of fetal surfactant and result in respiratory distress syndrome.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Hyperbilirubinemia can result from damage to red blood cells.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In severe cases, death before birth may occur, most commonly occurring as a result of poor placental perfusion due to vascular damage.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Induction of pregnancy can be indicated by decreased placental function.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Cesarean surgery may be performed when there is a sign that the fetus is in danger or an increased risk of macrosomia-related injuries, such as shoulder dystocia.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Pathophysiology The possibility of induction of type 2 diabetes from various hormonal disorders, such as hormone secretion of the adrenal glands, pituitary and thyroid is an observational study that is currently on the leaf.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

For example, the onset of IGT and diabetes mellitus is often referred to as associated by acromegaly and hypercortisolism or Cushing's syndrome.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Hypersecretion of GH hormones in acromegaly and Cushing's syndrome often results in insulin resistance, both in the liver and other organs, with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia symptomas, which impact cardiovascular disease and result in death. [42]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

GH does have an important role in glucose metabolism by stimulating glucogenesis and lipolysis, and increasing blood glucose and fatty acid levels.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In contrast, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) increases sensitivity to insulin, especially in striated muscles.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

However, in acromegaly, an increase in IGF-I ratio cannot decrease insulin resistance, due to excess GH.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Therapy with somatostatin can dampen excess GH in some people, but since it also inhibits insulin secretion from the pancreas, it will provoke complications in glucose tolerance.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

While hypersecretion of the hormone cortisol in hypercortisolism that causes visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, leads to hyperglycemia and decreased glucose tolerance, the occurrence of insulin resistance, stimulation of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

When synergistic with hypertension cofactors, hypercoagulation, may increase cardiovascular risk.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Hypersecretion of hormones also occurs in the thyroid gland in the form of tri-iodothyronina with hyperthyroidism leading to abnormal glucose tolerance.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

In patients with neuroendocrine tumors, there is a change in glucose tolerance caused by insulin hyposecretion, as occurs in patients with pancreatic surgery, feokromocytoma, glucagonoma and somatostatinoma.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Hormone hypersecretion is considered to also induce diabetes of another type, namely type 1.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Synergies of cytokine-shaped hormones, interferon-gamma and TNF-α, are encountered carrying apoptotic signals for beta cells, both in vitro and in vivo. [43]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Beta-cell apoptosis also occurs as a result of fas-FASL mechanisms, [44] [45] and/or hypersecretion of cytotoxic molecules, such as granzyme and perforin; in addition to hyperactivity of CD8- and CD4- T cells. [45]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Complications Long-term complications include cardiovascular disease (double risk), chronic failure of the kidneys (the main cause of dialysis), retinal damage that can lead to blindness, as well as nerve and blood vessel damage that can lead to impotence and gangrene with risk of amputation.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

More serious complications are more common, when control of blood sugar levels is poor.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Complications mean that several organs and body functions are disrupted at once.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

According to the Agency for Health Research and Development (Balitbangkes) Kemkes RI, diabetics can experience the following complications: 50.9 percent have decreased sexual function, 30.6 percent of their body reflexes are impaired, 29.3 percent of their retinas are impaired (diabetic retinopathy), 16.3 percent experiencing early cataracts (faster than the age should be). 50 percent of diabetics will die, due to cardiovascular disease. [46]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetic ketoacidosis In people with type I diabetes, symptoms arise suddenly and can progress rapidly into a state called diabetic ketoacidosis.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The level of sugar in the blood is high but because most cells cannot use sugar without insulin, then these cells take energy from other sources.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Fat cells are broken down and produce ketones, which are toxic chemical compounds that can cause blood to become acidic (ketoacidosis).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The initial symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis are thirst and frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and abdominal pain (especially in children).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Breathing becomes deep and rapid as the body seeks to improve the acidity of the blood.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The smell of the patient's breath smells like the smell of acetone.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Without treatment, diabetic ketoacidosis can develop into a coma, sometimes within just a few hours.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Even after starting insulin therapy, people with type I diabetes can develop ketoacidosis if they miss one insulin injection or experience stress from a serious infection, accident or illness.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Patients with type II diabetes can be asymptomatic for several years.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

If the lack of insulin is getting worse, then symptoms appear in the form of frequent urination and thirst.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Rarely does ketoacidosis occur.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

If blood sugar levels are very high (up to more than 1,000mg/dL, usually due to stress—for example infections or medications), then the patient will be severely dehydrated, which can lead to mental confusion, dizziness, seizures and a state called hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar coma non-ketotic.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetic retinopathy Diabetic retinopathy is a disruption of the Eye Retina, due to the stiffness and fragility of the blood vessels of the retina, due to the presence of diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

As a result blood vessels may rupture or vice versa become clogged and form new blood vessels.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetic retinopathy is usually without any symptoms, therefore diabetics should have their eyes checked at least once a year.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

If you see as if there is a flying object hover or blurred view or even completely disappears (1 eye), immediately treat, because it is certain to be torn or even partial detachment of the retina.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Almost all Eye Clinics and Eye Hospitals that have a Retinal section or more specifically a Diabetic Retinopathy section have a Photo Fundus tool (Funduscopy) or more advanced that can determine the presence of disorders in the Retina and if significant disorders are found, it will be Laser held against the Retina for approximately 20 minutes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The cost of Funduscopy is relatively cheap, but the cost of laser is rather high. 8 percent of diabetics of any type will experience the risk of blindness in their old age. [47] [48] Diagnosis of Diabetic disease screening If any of the diabetes risk factors below are met, then it should be done Filtering the disease is screened by performing a Fasting Blood Sugar Test and a Blood Sugar Test 2 hours after eating.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Considering that doing the above 2 tests in the Clinical Laboratory costs as large as the Glucose Tolerance Test, then you should just do the Glucose Tolerance Test directly.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Risk factors for diabetes: [49] Older adult age group (45 years and older).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Overweight {BB (kg) > 120% BB dream or IMT > 27 (kg/m2)} IMT or Body Time Index = Body Weight (Kg) divided by Height (meter) divided by Height (cm), for example Weight 86kg and Height 1.75meter, then IMT = 86/1.75/1.75 = 28 > 27, means having risk factors for diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

High blood pressure (> 140/90 mm Hg).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Family history of DM, father or mother or siblings there being affected by diabetes.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

History of pregnancy with BB born baby > 4000 grams.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

History of DM in pregnancy.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Dyslipidemia (HDL < 35mg/dl dan atau Trigliserida > 250mg/dl.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Ever TGT (Impaired Glucose Tolerance) or GDPT (impaired fasting blood glucose).


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Many people argue, that thin people can not get diabetes, this is not true, especially thin people with a big belly called central obesity.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

According to Public Health England 2014, a person with a large belly whether thin whether fat with a waist circumference exceeding 80 centimeters for women and exceeding 90 centimeters for men has a 7 times greater risk of developing diabetes than those who are not bulky.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Buncit means excess food intake and invites the occurrence of diabetes. [50]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Table: Blood glucose levels during and fasting by enzymatic method as a benchmark for filter and diagnosis of DM (mg/dl). [51] Not yet uncertain DMDM Blood glucose levels:Venous plasma<110110 - 199>200Capillary blood <9090 - 199> 200Fasting blood glucose levels:Venous plasma<110110 - 125>126Capillary blood <9090 - 109>110 Clinical symptoma hyperglycemia further induces three other classic symptoms: polyuria - frequent urination polydipsia - always feeling thirsty polyphagia - always feeling hungry weight loss, often only in type 1 diabetes mellitus and after term long without adequate treatment, can provoke various chronic complications, such as: eye disorders with the potential to result in blindness, impairment of the kidneys to result in renal failure cardiovascular disorders, accompanied by lesions of the basal membrane that can be noticed by examination using electron microscopy, [51] disorders of the nervous system up to autonomic nerve dysfunction, foot ulcer, amputation, charcot joint and sexual dysfunction, and other symptoms such as dehydration, ketoacidosis, ketonuria and non-ketotic hyperosmolar which can result in stupor and coma prone to infection.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The word diabetes mellitus itself refers to a symptoma called glycosuria, or sweet urination, which occurs if the sufferer does not get treatment immediately.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes disease control There are 4 pillars of diabetes disease control: [49] Education, patients should know that diabetes disease cannot be cured, but can be controlled and control should be carried out for a lifetime Food, if input/input is bad, then output/result will be bad, so also if eating exceeds the prescribed diet, then the blood sugar level will increase Exercise, it is necessary to burn excess sugar levels present in the blood [40] Medication, only if necessary, but if the blood sugar level has dropped by taking the drug, does not mean it has been cured, but it must be consultation with a doctor whether to stay taking medications at a fixed level or taking medications similar to lowered levels or taking other medications. In dieting the patient should know about the glycemic index, that is, the rise in blood sugar levels after eating certain foods weighing 100 grams compared to drinking 100 grams of glucose where the increase in blood sugar due to drinking such glucose is rated at 100 and the food is below 100, the farther from 100 and near zero the better, meaning the food has a low glycemic index and is digested (very) slowly and the increase His blood sugar levels are not fast.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

But it is best to know the glycemic charge, that is, how many servings of charcoal hydrate (powdery substance) contained in such a number of foods are multiplied by their glycemic index and then divided by 100.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

So if you eat foods with a low glycemic index, but in large portions, then the glycemic charge becomes high and certainly not good for diabetics.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Patients who are sufficiently restrained by eating arrangements alone do not have difficulties when fasting.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Patients who are sufficiently restrained with a single dose of the drug also have no difficulty fasting.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The drug is administered at the time of breaking the fast.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

For those restrained with high doses of oral hypoglycemic drugs (OHO), the drug is administered with doses before breaking the fast greater than the sahur dose.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

For those who take insulin, medium-term insulin is used when breaking the fast alone.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

While patients who have to take double doses of insulin (DMTI), it is recommended not to fast during Ramadan. [51]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Heredity and Lifestyle Diabetes mellitus is lowered, especially when both parents are severe diabetics, but the emergence of Diabetes mellitus type 2 is more influenced by poor Lifestyle, even in couples who one of them is a type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, then Her partner who did not previously have Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the end 26 percent may also have it, because it follows or is affected by her partner's Lifestyle.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Men are often detected late suffering from this disease, because after the Children's Stage rarely get Clinical Laboratorum Examination, while women at least during pregnancy often check with the doctor and also the Clinical Laboratory. [52]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Inhaled Insulin research has been developed. [53]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

The initial product has been withdrawn, due to its side effects. [53]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

Afrezza, made by MannKind Corporation, was approved by the FDA (BPOM United States) for general sale in June 2014 [54] There are several advantages of such inhaled insulin: convenient, easy to use and as an alternative to people who cannot use injectable insulin . [55]


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

See also Diabetes insipidus Phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase Atorvastatin Lectin Lipoic acid Reference Outside link Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Diabetes mellitus


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Diabetes mellitus


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Diabetes mellitus


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Diabetes mellitus


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Diabetes mellitus


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Diabetes mellitus


Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

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Question: can diabetes be contagious?

Diabetes mellitus

* Category:Nutrition Category:Endocrine Diseases Category:Metabolic disorders


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Union (abbreviated EU) is an intergovernmental and supranational organization, consisting of European countries.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Since 1 July 2013 it has had 28 member states.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The union was established in that name under the Treaty of European Union (better known as the Maastricht Treaty) in 1992.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

However, many aspects of the EU arise before that date through the earlier organization, going back to the 1950s. This international organization works through a combined supranational and intergovernmental system.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

In some areas, decisions are established through deliberations and consultations among member states, and in other areas supranational organ institutions carry out their responsibilities without the need for the approval of their members.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Important organ institutions within the EU are the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Justice, and the European Central Bank.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

In addition, there is also a European Parliament whose members are elected directly by the citizens of the member states.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

On 12 October 2012, the European Union was designated as the 2012 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

EU members have 28 member states, namely the European Parliament confers in Brusel, Belgium and (several times a year) in Strasbourg (France).


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Parliament is directly elected by its population.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The beginnings and history of Experiments to unite the European state have begun before the formation of modern states; they have occurred several times in European history.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Three thousand years ago, Europe was dominated by the Celts, and then conquered and ruled the Mediterranean centered Empire of Rome.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The beginning of this unification was created by forced means.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Franks Empire of Charlemagne and the Holy Empire of Rome united vast territories under loose administration for several hundred years.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Later in the 1800s customs union under Napoleon Bonaparte, and the conquests in the 1940s by Nazi Germany took place only temporarily.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Due to its collection of European languages and cultures, this unification experiment usually involves occupation from an unwilling country, creating instability.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

One experiment of unification peacefully through cooperation and equation of members was made by pacifist Victor Hugo in 1851.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

After World War I and World War II, the desire to establish the European Union intensified, driven by a desire to rebuild Europe and eliminate the possibility of another war.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Therefore, the European Coal and Steel Community was formed by Germany, France, Italy, and the Benelux countries.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

This came about by the Treaty of Paris (1951), signed in April 1951 and started in July 1952.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

After that it was formed also the European Economic Community was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957 and implemented on 1 January 1958.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Later that community turned into the European Society which was the 'first pillar' of the European Union.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Union has evolved from a trade body into an economic and political cooperation.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Major policies From the change of its name from “European Economic Community” to “European Community” to “European Union” signifies that this organization has changed from an economic unity to a political union.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

This trend is characterized by an increasing number of policies within the EU.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

This picture of increased centering is offset by two factors.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

First, some member states have some strong domestic traditions of regional governance.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

This led to an increased focus about European regional and regional policies.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

A Committee of the Regions was established as part of the Maastricht Treaty.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Second, EU policy includes a number of different cooperation.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Autonomous decision-making: member states have given to the European Commission the power to issue decisions in certain territories such as for example competition laws, State Aid controls and liberalisation.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Harmonisation: the laws of member states are harmonized through the EU legislative process, involving the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

As a result of this EU law is increasingly noticeably present in the systems of member states.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Co-operation: Member states, which meet as the Council of the European Union agreed to cooperate and coordinate their domestic policies.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Tensions between EU and national (or sub-national) competences persist long in EU developments.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

(See also Inter-governmentanism vs. Supra-nationasism (above), Euroskepticism.)


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

All prospective member states must enact legislation in order to align with the joint European legal framework, known as the Acquis Communautaire.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

(See also European Free Trade Association (EFTA), European Economic Area (EEA) and European Single Sky.)


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

See table of countries that took part in a number of initiatives.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

External policy An external tariff with customs duties, and a similar position in international trade negotiations.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Funding for programs in prospective member states and other Eastern European countries, as well as aid to many developing countries through its Phare and Tacis programs.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Establishment of a single market European Energy Community through the South-East European Energy Community Agreement on Cooperation and harmonization in other territories Freedom for EU citizens to vote in local government elections and the European Parliament in any member state as well.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Cooperation in criminal matters, including mutual intelligence sharing (through EUROPOL and the Schengen Information System), agreements on joint definitions of crimes and extradition procedures.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

A common foreign policy as a future target, but nevertheless this is still a long time will be realized.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The division between member states (in letter eight) and those members who were then not yet joined (in the Vilnius letter) at the time of the 2003 Iraq storming highlights how far this goal was ahead before he could become a reality.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

A common security policy is targeted, including the establishment of a European Rapid Reaction Unit with 60,000 members for the purposes of maintaining peace, an EU military staff and an EU satellite center (for intelligence purposes).


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Joint policy on acylum and immigration.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Co-funding for technology research and development, through a four-year Draft Program for Technology Research and Development.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Sixth draft Programme was in effect from 2002 to 2006.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

EU politics has competence based on EU Treaties and the principle of subsidiarity which states that EU action can only be taken when a goal cannot be adequately achieved by only a member state.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Laws promulgated by EU institutions are issued in several ways, in general they can be classified into two groups: laws that come into force without the need to measure national scale implementation, and laws that apply to those needs.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The EU administration has seven institutions: the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the European Council, the European Central Bank, the European Court of Justice, and the European Court of Audit.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The authority to scrutinise and amend legislation is shared between the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, while executive duties are handled by the European Commission and, on a limited basis, by the Council of Europe (not to be condoned with the so-called Council of the European Union first).


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Eurozone monetary policy is regulated by the European Central Bank.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The interpretation and application of EU law and its treaties is ensured by the European Court of Justice.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

In addition, there are also additional bodies that are tasked to provide advice for the EU or operate within specific areas.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Commission The European Commission acts holding executive functions and is responsible for initiating legislation and daily leadership of the European Union.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Commission also became the motor of European integration.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Commission works as a government cabinet, with 27 Commissioners working in different policy areas, one person from each member state, but the Commissioners are bound to a commitment to represent the interests of the European Union as merit, not the interests of their respective countries.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

One of the 27 members of the cabinet serves as President of the Commission (currently José Manuel Durão Barroso), appointed by the Council of Europe.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Twenty-six other Commissioners were then appointed by the Council of the European Union with the persuasion of the nominated president.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

After that.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Parliament held elections for the approval of all 27 Commissioners as a single body.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

After the President of the Commission, the most prominent Commissioner is the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign and Security Policy, ex officio the Vice-President of the Commission.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Council of Europe briefings the EU, and holds hearings at least four times a year.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Council consists of the President of the European Council, the President of the European Commission and one deputy per member state; either head of state or head of government.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Council is described by some parties as the “supreme political authority” of the EU.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Council is actively involved in negotiating treaty change and defining the EU's policy agenda and strategy.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Council uses its leadership role to resolve disputes between member states and EU institutions, as well as to resolve political crises and dissent over controversial issues and policies.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Externally, the Council of Europe functions as a “collective Head of State” and ratifies important documents (for example international treaties and approvals).


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

On 19 November 2009, Herman Van Rompuy was elected as the first permanent President of the Council of Europe.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

On 1 December 2009, the Treaty of Lisboa was enacted and Van Rompuy came into office.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Ensuring external representation of the EU, moving consensus and resolving differences between members is the duty of the President, both during the European Council convocation and in the time period between two convocations.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Council (European Council) is an institution different from the European Assembly (Council of Europe), an international organization that is freelancing from the European Union.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Parliament of the European Parliament makes up half the legislative body of the European Union (the other half being the Council of the European Union, see below).


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

A total of 736 (soon to be 751) Members of the European Parliament (UK: MEP) are directly elected by EU nationals every five years based on proportional representation votes garnered by each political party.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Although the European Parliament is elected nationally, the members sit according to political factions, and not by virtue of their nationality.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Each state has a number of seat allotments which are then divided into sub-national constituencies where this does not affect the proportional nature of the voting system.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union pass laws jointly in almost all regions under ordinary legislative procedures.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

This also applies to EU budget issues.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Ultimately, the Commission is accountable to Parliament, requires the consent of Parliament to take office, and must report back to Parliament as well as subject to criticism or disregard from Parliament.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The President of the European Parliament carries out the role of speaker (speaker) within the parliament and represents the Parliament externally.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The PE President and Vice-President are elected by the European Parliament every two and a half years.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Court of Justice of the Council of the European Union Council, or often referred to as the Council, and sometimes as the Council of Ministers, forms the other half of the EU legislative institutions, accompanying the Parliament.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The council consists of a minister from each member state.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The composition of the Board can be capricious and depends on the areas of policy addressed.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Despite the different compositions, the Council was nevertheless regarded as a single body.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

In addition to its legislating function, the Council also performs executive functions in the Joint Policy on Foreign and Security.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Budget of the Twenty-eight EU member states has an agreed budget of €120.7 billion for 2007 and €864.3 billion for the period 2007-2013.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The budget constitutes 1.10% and 1.05% of the estimated GDP of EU member states for the respective periods.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

By comparison, UK spending for 2004 is expected to be €759 billion, and France is estimated to have spent €801 billion.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

In 1960, the budget of the European Economic Community was 0.03% of GDP.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

In the 2010 budget of €141.5 billion, the largest expenditure item was cohesion & competitiveness, which is about 45% of the total budget, overtaken by agriculture with about 31% of the total budget.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Rural development, environment, and fisheries take up about 11% of the budget, the administration about 6%, the EU as a global partner and citizenship, freedom, security and justice are the caretaker, with only about 6% and 1% of the entire EU budget being used in their respective profits- each ihwal.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The European Union's fifth institution, the European Court of Audit ensures that the EU budget is properly accounted for.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Court provides an audit report for each book year to the Council and Parliament.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Parliament uses audit reports to decide between approving or rejecting the Commission's handling of the budget.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Court also gave opinions and proposals on financial legislation and anti-fraud measures.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The Court of Auditors is legally obliged to give the European Parliament and the Council of Europe “a statement of confidence over the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying transactions”.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The court has not given absolute approval to EU accounts since 1993.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The picture of the European position Economy When considered as a single entity, the European Union has the largest economy in the world with a 2004 GDP of 11,723,816 PPP.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The EU economy is expected to grow further in the next decade in line with more countries joining the union - and moreover these new countries are usually poorer than the EU average, and therefore it is hoped that rapid GDP growth will help the dynamics of the Union Europe.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Even so the EU will only grow by about 0.3% in the 2nd quarter of 2005, while other industrialized countries such as the United States are expected to grow around 3.2%.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Standard of living Here is a table and three graphs show GDP (PPP) per capita and nominal GDP per capita for the European Union and its members.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The data is for the 2005 estimate and the graph is from 2004.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Source: CIA World Factbook All other figures, source: IMF web site (,,).


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Comparison with other blocks/countries In 2003.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

The color is cyan for the largest number, green for the smallest.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Source: CIA World Factbook 2004, IMF 1 NAFTA Member The name of the European Union in European languages Here is the name “EU” in 24 official languages spoken in the European Union. [1]


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Reference See also Schengen Agreement 1985 European Council European Commission European Parliament European Central Bank Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

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Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

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Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

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Question: What are the number of EU member states?

European Union

Category:International Organizations Category:Nobel Peace Prize Winners Category:Intergovernmental Organizations Category:G20 Countries


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, widely also called the Roman Catholic Church, [note 1] is the largest Christian Church in the world, and is estimated to have 1.3 billion congregations, roughly half of all Christians [note 2] and one-sixth of the world's population.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catholic Church is a communion (communion) of the Western Rite Catholic Church (Roman Catholic Church) and 23Eastern Catholic Churches, which formed 2,795dioceses as of 2008.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

These 24 Churches are referred to as particular churches).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Particular Church with the largest number of parishioners within the Catholic Church is the Western Rite Catholic Church/Latin Rite/Roman Catholic Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Particular Church with the 2nd largest number of parishioners within the Catholic Church is the Ukrainian Catholic-Greek Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The highest earthly authority of this Church in matters of faith, morals and government is Sri Pope, [15] currently Pope Francis, who holds supreme authority together with the House of Bishops, which he chaired. [16] [17] [18] The Catholic community consists of a servant (spiritual) and Lay people; both spiritual and lay people can also become members of religious communities. [19]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

This church defines that its mission is to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ, provide sacramental-sacrament services and perform works of charity. [20]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The church runs programs and social institutions around the world, including schools, universities, hospitals, missions and housing, as well as organizations such as Catholic Relief Services, Caritas Internationalis and Catholic Charities which help the papa, the families, the decrepit, and the sick. [21]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Through apostolic succession, this Church believes itself to be a continuation of the Christian community founded by Jesus by ordaining St. Peter, a view also professed by many historians. [22]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The church established its doctrines through various ecumenical councils, emulating the first apostles in the Jerusalem Council. [23]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

On the basis of Jesus' promises to his apostles indicated in the Gospels, this Church believes that he is guided by the Holy Spirit and therefore protected from doctrine errors. [24] [25] [26] Catholic beliefs are based on a deposit of faith (covering both Scripture and Sacred Tradition) inherited from the time of the Apostles, and which is interpreted by the Church Teaching Authority.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Those beliefs are summarized in the Nicaese Creed, and formally detailed in the Catechism of the Catholic Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Formal Catholic worship, called liturgy, is governed by Church authorities.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Eucharist, one of the seven sacraments of the Church and an essential part of any Catholic Mass or Eastern Catholic Holy Liturgy, is the center of Catholic worship.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

With a history stretching back two millennia, the Church is one of the oldest institutions in the world [27] and has been instrumental in the history of Western civilization since at least the 4th century. [28]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In the 11th century, a major schism, sometimes called the Schism of Akbar, occurred between Eastern and Western Christianities that mainly resulted from imperceptibility regarding papal primation.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Eastern Churches that remained and later re-established communion with the Bishop of Rome, Sri Pope, formed the Eastern Catholic Churches, and Churches that remained outside the papal authority were usually known as the Eastern Orthodox Churches.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In the 16th century, also in response to the rise of the Protestant Reformation in Western Europe, it organized a process of internal reform and renovation, known as the Counter-Reformation.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Although this Church states that it is “the one, holy, catholic, and apostolic church,” founded by Jesus Christ, where people can find the fullness of the means of salvation, [29] [30] It also recognizes that the Holy Spirit can use other Christian communities to leads people to salvation. [31] [32] This church believes that he is called by the Holy Spirit to strive for unity among all Christians, a church known as ecumenism. [32]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Modern challenges facing the Church include the rise of secularism and opposition to its stance on abortion, euthanasia, contraception, and sexual morality. [33]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Terminology Part of a series onChristianity Jesuschrist Jesus in Christianity Virgin birth Crucifixion Resurrection BibleFoundations Old Testament New Testament Gospel Canon Books of the Bible Church Creed New Covenant Theology God Trinity Father Son Holy Spirit Apologetics Baptism Christology History of Theology Mission Salvation HistoryTradition Apostles Peter Paul Mary Early Christianity Church Fathers Constantine Councils Augustine East—West Schism Crusades Aquinas Reformation Luther DenominationsGroups Western Catholic Protestant Adventist Anabaptist Anabaptist Anglican Baptist Calvinist Evangelical Holiness Lutheran Methodist Pentecostal Eastern Assyrian Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Nontrinitarian Jehovah's Witness Latter Day Saint Oneness Pentecostal Related topics Art Criticism Ecumenism Liturgy Music Other religions Prayer Sermon Symbolism Christianity portalvt Throughout its history, the Church described in this article used many names, among others “Church”, “Catholic Church”, and “Roman Catholic Church”.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The name “Catholic Church” is used to distinguish it from other Churches that are not in full communion (full communion) with the Bishop of Rome, namely Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, and various Protestant denominations.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The name “Roman Catholic Church” was first used by Protestants to call the entire Church faithful to the Bishop of Rome.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

However this name has also been used by Catholics themselves since the 17th century, both in English, French, and Latin, to introduce their faith especially in regards to their communion with the throne of the diocese of Rome.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In the Middle East region, the designation of the Catholic Church may mean the Catholic-Greek Church of Melkit, or any other Catholic Church in the Eastern Rite.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In conjunction with other Churches, the name “Catholic Church” is used, and for internal affairs is used the name “Church”.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

For example, in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the name “Church” is used hundreds of times, while the name “Catholic Church” is only used 24 times, even the name “Roman Catholic Church” is not used at all.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The use of the name “Catholic Church” is officially accepted by some other Christian Churches, but most of them use the term “Roman Catholic Church” to call this Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Nonetheless, in informal usage, even by other members of the Church the term “Catholic Church” is understood to be the name of this Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In 397 AD, St. Augustine explained that the name was even understood by those whom he classed as heresy:...


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The name, namely Catholicism, which is not without reason, surrounded by so many heretics, has been used by the Church; thus, even though all heretics want to be called Catholic, but if any foreigner asks where the Catholic congregation is gathered, then none of the heresy are dare to appoint his own chapel or house.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In short, neither the names “Catholic Church”, nor “Roman Catholic Church” are used as alternative designations for the entire church “led by Peter's successor and by bishops who are in one communion with him.”


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

JMPL|God's name above the image of the crucified Christ surrounded by angels, part of the altar background in a Catholic Church building.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catholic Church believes that there is only one God, who is present in three persons: God the Father; Jesus the Son; and the Holy Spirit.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

His beliefs are summarized in the Nicaese Creed [34] and detailed in the Catechism of the Catholic Church. [35] [36] The Nicaese Creed is also central to the assertion of beliefs of other Christian denominations. [37]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

First of all are Eastern Orthodox Christians, whose beliefs are similar to those of Catholics, the main difference lies in terms of papal infallibility, filioque clauses, and Mary was conceived untainted. [38] [39] The various Protestant denominations vary in belief- his beliefs, but in general they differ from Catholics in terms of Sri Pope, Church Tradition, Eucharist, veneration of saints, as well as in issues related to grace, good deeds, and salvation. [40]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Jerusalem Council, convened by the Apostles around the year 50 to clarify the teachings of the Church, became the benchmark for subsequent Church conciliations organized by the leaders of the Church throughout history. [23] [41] [42] The last councils in this Church were Councils The second Vatican, which ended in 1965. [43]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The teaching authority, the seven sacraments Based on Jesus' promise in the Gospel, the Catholic Church believes that he is guided continuously by the Holy Spirit, and therefore spared the possibility of fallacy of doctrine. [16] [44] The Catholic Church teaches that the Holy Spirit reveals the truth God through Scripture, Sacred Tradition, and Magisterium. [45]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Scripture, or the Catholic Bible, consists of the same books contained in the Greek version of the Old Testament—also called Septuaginta [46] —along with the 27th New Testament writings contained in the Codex Vaticanus and listed in the 39th Epistle of the Feast written by Athanasius. [ 47]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The entire book is the 73rd Catholic Scripture, in contrast to many Protestant churches that use 66 books alone. [46]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The books and writings that are considered canonical by the Catholic Church but not considered canonical by some other groups are also called Deuterocanonican books.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Sacred Tradition consists of teachings that according to the beliefs of the Church have inherited from the time of the Apostles. [44]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Scripture and Sacred Tradition together are called “faith deposits” (Latin: depositum fidei).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

This deposit of faith was later interpreted by the Magisterium (from the word magister in Latin meaning “teacher”), the teaching authority of the Catholic Church, which—through apostolic succession—was exercised by Sri Pope and the bishops who were in unity with the Pope. [48]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

According to the Council of Trente, Jesus instituted seven sacraments and entrusted them to the Church. [49]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The seven sacraments are Baptism, Chrisma, Eucharist, Reconciliation (Sacrament of Confession), Holy Oil (or the sacrament of “Anointing of the Sick”), Leviticus, and Marriage.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Sacraments are invisible rituals that matter, and which Catholics see as signs of God's presence as well as effective channels of God's grace to those who receive those sacraments with appropriate dispositions (ex opere operato). [50] [51] The essence of God Catholicism is monotheistic: believing that God is one, eternal, all-powerful (Omnipotent), all-knowing (Omniscien), all-good (Omnibenevolen), and omnipresent (Omnipresen).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

God exists differently and precedes His creation (i.e., everything that is not God, and whose existence depends on God) and nonetheless remains intimately present in His creation.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In the First Vatican Council the Catholic Church teaches that, although with humane natural sense, God can be known in His works as the origin and end of all creation, [52] God has chosen to lavish Himself and His will supernaturally in ways which is indicated in the Epistle to the people of Hebrews 1:1-2.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Catholicism is also Trinitarian: believing that, although God is one in essence, essence, and being, this one God exists in three persons of law, each of which is identical to one essence, whose difference is only in their relation to each other: the relationship of the Father to the Son , the Son's relationship to the Father, and the relationship of the two with the Holy Spirit, make the one God the Trinity.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Catholics are baptized in the names (singular form) of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit — not three Gods, but one God who settled in three Persons.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Even if one essence of His divinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit is different, it is not simply three “masks” or manifestations of one Person.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The faith of the Church and each Christian individual is based on the relationship with the three Persons of one God.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catholic Church believes that God lavishes Himself to mankind as Father to His only Son, who is in eternal communion with the Father (Matthew 11:27).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Catholics believe that God the Son, the Logos Illahi, the second Person of God, incarnate as Jesus Christ, a human being, was born of the Virgin Mary.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

He remains solemnly infidels and at the same time solemnly human.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In his words and way of life, he taught everyone how to live, and lavished God as Love, giver of grace or mercy for free.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

After Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, his followers, especially the twelve apostles, increasingly spread their faith with a spirit that they thought came from the Holy Spirit, the third Person of God, sent upon them by Jesus.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Original sin In Catholic belief, early man was created to live in union with God.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Because of the first human disobedience, the relationship broke up and sin and death came into the world. [53]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The fall makes man in a status called original sin, namely, separateness from his original intimate status with God that brings death through the idea that every human soul is immortal.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Yet when Jesus came into the world, becoming God and man, He was able through His sacrifice to reconcile mankind with God.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

By being united in Christ, through the Church, mankind is once again able to establish intimacy with God but also offer an even more amazing gift: participation in the Divine Life on Earth, which will attain its fullness in heaven in beatific vision ) —that is, face to face with God (1 Corinthians 13:12, 1 John 3:2).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The sacrament of Baptism is the only means of obtaining forgiveness for original sin.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Church of the Church, as Scripture says, is “the body of Christ," [54] and the Catholic Church teaches that the Church is a single body of the faithful in heaven and upon earth.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Therefore there is only one true Church, the seeming and the physical one, instead of multiple Churches.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

And for this one Church, originally founded by Jesus on Peter and the apostles, Jesus gave a mandate to be an authorized teacher and guardian of the faith.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

To transmit the divine revelation of Christ, the apostles were mandated to “preach the gospel,” which they carried out both orally and in writing, and which they preserved by leaving the bishops as their successors.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catechism states that “the preaching of the apostles, expressed specifically in inspired books, conserved in a continuous chain of succession until the end of time.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

This transmission of life, manifested in the Holy Spirit, is called Tradition, because it differs from Scripture, although it is closely related to it.”


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The church is also the source of divine mercy given through sacraments (see below).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Church declares itself unmistakable (Church Infallibility) in teaching faith, based on Jesus' biblical promises that He will always be with His Church, and maintain it in righteousness through the Holy Spirit.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Furthermore, Jesus promised divine protection for the teachings and judgments of the apostles, as well as those who were successors to the apostles in their positions as teachers (i.e., bishops).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

After all, Jesus set the Church as the supreme court for all the faithful: “and if he refuses to listen to them, send unto the Church; and if he refuses also to listen to the Church, let him be unto you like a stranger and a tax collector.”


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In this biblical verse, it appears that the Church bases its doctrines on written apostolic relics, namely the New Testament, and on oral traditions passed from the apostles for their successors (bishops) through continuous testimony of the Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The 8th chapter of the edict of the Vatican Council II concerning the Church, Lumen Gentium states that “the singular Church of Christ which in creed is proscribed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic” is “within the Catholic Church, led by Peter's successors and those bishops who are in communion with him.”


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

(The term Peter's successor means Bishop of Rome, Sri Pope).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catechism of the Catholic Church, 85 states that the authentic interpretation of the Word of God is entrusted to the Magisterium of the living Church, namely the bishops in communion with the successors of St. Peter.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Catholic theology places the authority of interpretation of Scripture in the hands of consistent judgments of the Church from century to century (things that are constantly and everywhere taught) instead of on individual personal judgments.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Nonetheless, the magisterium encouraged its shepherds to read Scripture.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, “the main intent of the Church is to be a sacrament of inner union between man and God.”


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Thus “the structure of the Church as a whole is directed towards the sanctity of the members of the body of Christ.”


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Salvation of the Catholic Church teaches that salvation for eternal life is God's will for all, and that God bestows it for sinners as a free gift, a mercy, through Christ's sacrifice.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

“With respect to God, there is absolutely no right to any worthiness on the part of man.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Between God and us is stretched out an immeasurable gap, for we have received all things from Him, our Creator.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

It is God who justifies, that is, who absolves from sin by the free gift of holiness (the mercy of sanctification, also referred to as habitual mercy or divining mercy).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Man can receive the grace given by God through faith in Jesus Christ and through baptism, or reject it.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Role as well as man is necessary, in line with a new ability to cling to the divine will provided by God.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The faith of a Christian is not without deeds, because without the act of faith it will die.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In this sense, “by the deeds of man are justified, and not by faith solely,” and eternal life is, at the same time, mercy and reward bestowed by God for good deeds and worthiness.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Faith, and therefore deeds, are the result of God's mercy - therefore, only by mercy can the believer be seen as “worthy” of salvation.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

According to the Catholic Church, through the graces Jesus gained for mankind by sacrificing himself on the cross, salvation is acceptable even to those outside the seeming boundaries of the Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Christians and even non-Christians, if in their lives positively responsive to the mercy and truth that God reveals to them through the mercy of Christ, can be saved (an attitude often referred to, in the case of non-Christians, as “the baptism of longing”).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

This sometimes includes awareness of the obligation to be part of the Catholic Church.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In such cases — according to the view of the Catholic Church — whose goods realizes in his heart that the Catholic Church was founded by God through Jesus Christ as a necessary endeavor for his salvation, refuses to enter or remain in it, cannot be saved (interpretation Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus).


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Human life The Catholic Church affirms the sanctity of all human life, from in utero to death naturally.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catholic Church believes that each person is created according to “the image and likeness of God,” and that human life should not be measured based on other values such as economics, comfort, personal preference, or social engineering.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Therefore, the Church opposes activities that it believes destroy or disbelieve the holy life created, including euthanasia, eugenics and abortion.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The sexuality of the Catholic Church teaches that human life and human sexuality are both inseparable and sacred. [55]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Church teaches that Manikeism, the belief that the spirit is good while the body is evil, is heresy.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Therefore, the Church does not teach that sex is a sin or ruins a merciful life.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Because God created the human body in His own image and manner, and because He saw that everything he had created was “truly good,” (Genesis 1:31) so is the human body and sex good.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In the Catechism it is taught that “the body is the instrument of salvation. “[56]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Truly, the Church regards the expression of love between husbands and wives as the most sublime human activity, which unites, husbands and wives in complete surrender to each other, and opens their relationship to a new life.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

“Sexual activity, in which husbands and wives are intimately and purely mutually united, and through which human life is derived, is, as the last Council put it, 'noble and worthy. '” [57] Only in terms of sexual expression occurring outside sacramental marriage, or in the event that the procreational function of sexual expression in marriage is deliberately hindered, then the Catholic Church expresses its moral concerns.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The origin and history of the Catholic Church was founded by Jesus and the Twelver Apostles, continued by bishops as successors to the apostles generally, and Sri Pope as successor of St. Peter in particular. [58]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The term “Catholic Church” is known to have first been used in a letter from Ignatius of Antioch in 107, who wrote that: “Where there is a bishop, should the people be present there, just as where there is Jesus Christ, the Catholic Church is present there. “[59]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

In addition, Catholic writers provide a list of a number of quotations from earlier Church Fathers supporting that the Throne of the Diocese of Rome has jurisdictional or primational authority over other churches, [60] on others Orthodox writers reject such claims which constitute one of the main problems behind East-West schism, historically viewing Sri Pope as primus inter pares (the first among equals). [61]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

At the center of the doctrines of the Catholic Church is the Apostolic Succession, the belief that bishops were the spiritual successors of the early Twelver Apostles, through a historically unbroken chain of consecration.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The New Testament contains admonitions against teachings that simply repent Christianity, [62] and suggests that the leaders of the Church are given the honor of deciding which is the right one. [63]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The Catholic Church teaches that the Catholic Church is the sustainability of people staying true to apostolic (apostolic) and episcopal (Diocesan) leadership as well as rejecting false teachings.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Pre-Medieval After passing through an early period tinged with sporadic but intense persecution, Christianity became legal in the 4th century, when Emperor Constantine I issued Edicta Milano (Information Milano) in 313.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

Constantine was instrumental in the organization of the First Nicaese Council which was a council of bishops of the Catholic Church in 325, aimed at countering the heresy of Arianism and formulating the Nicaese Creed used by the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, and various Protestant Churches.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

On February 27, 380, Emperor Theodosius I enacted a law establishing Catholic Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire and ordering it to refer to others than it as heresy. [64]


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the Catholic Church went through a period of activity and mission expansion.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

During the Middle Ages Catholicism spread among the peoples of Germany (at first competing with Arianism), Vikings, Poles, Croats, Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Finns and Estonians.


Question: where lies the oldest Catholic Church in the world?

Roman Catholic Church

The success of monastic life fostered various centers of learning, the most distinguished of which were the most mashoric in Ireland and Gallia, and contributed to the Enlightenment Ages of the Carolingian Dynasty (Carolingian Renaissance).