Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The flare tower architecture The flare tower or fenghuotai () is used to convey military messages by making smoke signals during the day and fire at night to notify the enemy's movements. [20]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

It is one of the most important parts of the great wall, this structure is made in each part of the giant wall with local materials. [20]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

In mountainous areas, composed of bricks, in meadows or deserts made of clay. [20]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Shapes can be round, oblong and square. [20]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

There are 3 types of flare towers, namely the type built on a wall, inside a wall or built separately to scout the enemy. [20]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The gateway (gap) The gateway structure serves as a fortress at important positions. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Arranged from: Chengqiang or defensive wall (城), with a maximum height of 10 meters. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The exterior is made of large bricks or granite stones. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The inside is made of yellow earth or a mixture of gravel stones. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Above the wall can be passed by horsemen. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

On the side of the wall there is a square shaped protective wall as a place to watch and shelter. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Chenglou or gate tower (): a door to exit the border, as a place for the exit of troops when attacking the enemy. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The gate is named after the name of the gap. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Wangcheng: a small wall outside the big wall that serves as a gateway protector. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Luocheng: second wall to protect wengcheng. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Trenches and deep waterways to slow enemy movements, giving the opportunity to attack quickly. [21]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Wall Wall is the main body of giant wall architecture. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Its function connected the beacon tower, lookout tower and gateway into a defensive line. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Its height depends on the shape of the plain. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

In strategic areas made higher. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

When crossing mountains or areas of uneven shape are made as low as possible to save materials and labor. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Average wall height 23-26 feet. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Important parts of the wall: nuqiang (), a protective wall on the upper side of the wall structure. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

It was built to protect soldiers and horses over the walls. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

If the giant wall crosses the side of a steep mountain, only one nuqiang is built to save materials. [22] duokou () a slit wall for staking. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

This Doukou is still lined by a layer of wall again as a protector. [22] Horse path:the path next to the lookout tower that horsemen can pass through to reach the top of the wall. [22] quanmen: an arched door on the inside of the wall as an entrance to the top of the wall. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Materials used to create giant walls are different according to the dynastic period. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Before bricks were invented, great walls were made of earth, stone and wood. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Because the construction always requires a lot of resources, workers utilize potent materials. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

When passing the mountain, mountain stones will be used. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

When building on flat ground, the walls are made of grazed soil and if it passes through the wilderness, the materials used are mixed grass and branches of coniferous trees. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The walls of this material are fragile, easy to penetrate and quickly disintegrate. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

At the time of the Qin Dynasty, technology was not advanced, so the material used was soil or gravel mixed soil. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

In those days the structure of the castle had not yet been erected. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Some parts of the wall consist only of large mounds of boulders. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

During the Han Dynasty, soil and stone materials like earlier times were still commonly used. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

By the time of the Tang Dynasty, bricks were already produced. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

However, because it is expensive, it is limited only to city gates and walls close by. [22]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Only in the days of the Ming Dynasty, the technology of wall construction was more advanced. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

However, only in the middle of the dynastic period were quality bricks produced. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Brick is better than soil or gravel because it is lighter, load-resistant and more effective in a fast time.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Stone is still used, especially for the foundation, outer and inner edges of the gate because it is stronger than brick. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Limestone mortar with glutinous rice is effective as a cement that can glue bricks. [23]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

New discoveries in recent years began to discover some parts of the wall in unreachable areas of China.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

In 1998, it was discovered the site of a wall near one of the silk trails in between the provinces of Gansu and Xinjiang.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The walls are built of yellow sandy soil and branches of Eucalyptus marginata are 500 km long, including sturdy blockhouses.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

This discovery adds the length of the great wall to 2,700 km. [3] In the deserts of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, which has also opened parts of the Ming construction walls and fortifications. [3]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The discovery of inscriptions containing writing engravings in different areas of China around the wall became an important written historical source on documentation of the construction of the Great Wall of China.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The earliest inscriptions are inscriptions of Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577).


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Ming Dynasty inscriptions are widely found in Beijing and Hebei province, but are threatened to be damaged or lost due to rain, wind, erosion and environmental damage. [3]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

In that study, the GPS and infra-red technology used could help detect some parts buried by sandstorms.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The new parts discovered were the result of construction during the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644) extending from the Huế Mountains in northern Liaoning province to the Jiayu Gap in the west of Gansu province.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

The project also maps parts of the wall erected in Qin (221—206 BC) and Han (206 BC-9M) times. [8]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Damage and maintenance Although it is a protected site, the Great Wall of China suffered a lot of damage largely due to haphazard infrastructure development, theft of inscribed stone artifacts and parts of the wall and repairs made indiscriminately.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Conservation reports in early 2004 reported that only 1/3 of the wall's 6,350 km length is now still preserved, making the span of the wall “progressively shorter”.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Many residents around ancient sites do not know they live close together because the view of the giant wall is a solid fortress of Ming architecture, but in fact the condition of the Great Wall of China is not uniform.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Neighbourhood residents use large wall bricks to build houses and enclosures for farm animals. [3]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Walls located outside Beijing are the most threatened parts, such as those in Shaanxi and Ningxia provinces.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Of the 2,000 km span of the wall in Shaanxi province, 1/3 of the 850 km of the Ming structure has vanished due to infrastructure and industrial development activity.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

A total of 40 walls are penetrated by roads for vehicles. [3]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Meanwhile, the huge wall in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region which has a length of 1500 km established from various periods ranging from the Warring States Age, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Sui Dynasty and Ming Dynasty is a part that is prone to destruction such as being broken into for vehicle lines and erosion.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Efforts and renovation projects have been made by the government of the People's Republic of China to repair the damage


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

One of them was by opening a department of Giant Wall Studies (城学校; Changchengxue) in local universities.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

This study is a new branch of Chinese history developed to attract the attention of archaeologists and young researchers to trace the history of the giant wall and its preservation. [3]


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Note ¹ 10,000 li = 5,760 km. In Chinese, the number of 10,000 is usually figuratively regarded as “infinite”, so the number actually contains the meaning of “a wall whose length is infinite”.


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

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Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

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Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

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The Great Wall of China

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Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China


Question: who urged/built the Giant Wall of China?

The Great Wall of China

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead., BBC News Reference


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Main Page Angling Dharma is a colossal drama series produced by Genta Buana Pitaloka/Genta Buana Paramita.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

The main players in this soap opera are Anto Wijaya, Candy Satrio, Rahma Azhari, Roy Jordy, Choky Andriano, Yuni Sulistyawati and many more.This soap opera has also won the award as the favorite action series drama at Panasonic Awards 2002 & commendable action soap opera at Bandung Film Festival year 2004. [1] [2] Cast of Season 1 (2000-2003) Season 2 (2003-2005) FTV Version Episode List After successful airing on Indosiar television stations, Gentabuana Pitaloka changed the format of the series to FTV (television movie) and released in VCD/DVD form, among others: Dasiat Naga Bergola Batik Madrim Mbalelo Hell Island Revenge Woman Srigala Halimun Plot Concubine Cheating Titisan Bathara Surya Mystery Swordsman Masked Bromocorah Ajian Rengkah Mountain Legal Pancung Waitress Beef Swamp Flower Bangke Blood Virgin Curse Stealth Srigala Duel Treasure in Coral Ghost Jago above Jago Swamp Science Rontek Prince Flower Picker Ajian Pancasona Adventure Love Angling Dharma Antidote to Witchcraft Kidnapping Crown Prince Fire Revenge Durgandini Prince Cold Blooded Throne Bloody Science Teluh Science of Hindustan Sukma Imprisoned Magic King Jala Sakti Rebellion Sawopitu Revenge Past Jail Langit Singa Maruta Traitor version of Angling Dharma has returned to live on RTV for the second time with the title Angling Dharma with the format as in Indosiar, only RTV added additional subtitles representing each episode, among others: Season 1 Tabib Suliwa Vows Woman Wolf Mussee Nila Saroya Kemelut in Wasang Island Vengeance Nila Saroya Horde Guragada Kemelut in Halimun Plot Goddess Dhanesywara Heartache Goddess Shintawati Masked Swordsman Guild Pay Bromocorah Fight in Alas Purwa Adventure Love Priyamitra Ajian Rengkah Mount Wangsit Prince Suryapati Punishment Dhanesywara Flower Swamp Bangke Sedition Werewolf Runaway Syudawirat Magic Werewolf Hunt Treasure Hunt Waiting Well Jalatunda Hunting Man Srigala Fall Galuh Parwati Adventure Retaliation Syudawirat Book of Heirloom Negri Over Clouds Battle in Malwapati Masked Swordsman Bandagina Ajian Rawarontek Retaliation Goddess Shintawati Ballad Love Kalyana Tantri Kidung Love Patih Batik Madrim Messenger Malwapati Ajian Malih Rupa Abduction Crown Prince Falling Patih Kala Murka Rebellion Prince Magora Prince Magora Return of Prince Halemu Kesaktian Kashmala Kesaktian Land Sightseeing Science Thief Mind Prison Sukma Angling Dharma Kesaktian Guru Bahadur Due to Science Sakti Bahadur Rebellion Bahadur & Kashmala Escape Prabu Jayadipa Allied Mahesa Single Time Then Syudawirat Lamb Fighting Bahadur Jail Sky Rajasaputra Season 2 Eagle Sakti Ratu Gendrawani Prabu Baka and White Crocodile Queen Magic/Mussee Gendrawani Love Sacred Syudawirat & Man Fish Necklace Inner Bond Geger in Sawo Pitu Prahara in Malwapati/Battle in Malwapati Lion Maruta Mbalelo Revelation Crown Rama Keris Pulanggeni Battle in Sawo Pitu Revenge Nagagini/Heartache Nagageni Tragedy in Malwapati Monkey Man from Kiskenda Cave Jagat Satria Queen of Darkness Battle in Mega Pura Love Ballad Sengkang Baplang Trickery Angling Dharma Geger in Malwapati Fight in the Sky Without Stars Angling Kusuma and Ajian Translucent Earth Mustika Necklace Antaboga Ajian Malih Rupo The rise of Sengkang Baplang Prahara in Mount Kelud/Fight at Mount Kelud Adventure Stealth Srigala Mirror Unseen Mirror Mind Recorder Eye God Daru Revenge Sengkang Baplang Prahara Love Ki Hanubawa Makar in Sawo Pitu Fight in Watu Gilang Cave Hunting Dragon Wisanala Struggle for the Throne of Malwapati Due to Vishanala Dragon Blood Taint Due to Magic Bahadur Ramajagandi Mbalelo Seizing Cannon Suction Rescue Universe Satria Eliminates the Influence of Blood Wisanala Cave Wisa Sraya Fight in Puser Wind Return Universe Satria Padegrouping White Pedut Fight in Grawah Ravine Due to Prophecy Nyi Rampak Ambition Concubine Malwapati Match for Crown Prince Adventure Angling Kusuma Sacrifice Begawan Nail Pati Black Magic for Princess Jasmine Revenge Goddess Sukesi Karma for Goddess Sukesi Adventure Danurwenda Kemelut in Malwapati Abduction Goddess Sukesi Fight in Padepokan Nyi Rampak Tumenggung Prabaskara Mbalelo Due to Dewadaru Fall in Malwapati Due to Evil Bubble Rahwana King Meeting Angling Kusuma and Danurwenda Geger on Mount Kencana Prahara in Parang Gubarjo/Magic Potion Suliwa Trickery Lion Maruta Grabbing Treasure Fall Nyi Rampak Heirloom Konta Wijaya Reduction Ki Hanubawa Wijaya Kusuma Love Ballad Nyi Widasari Trick Black Class Abduction Angling Kusuma Seizure Singo Barong Rise Singo Barong Magic Power Stealth Rojo Molo Troop Man Dust Bursts Hot Dust Man Dust Sawo Pitu Pendulum Necklace Joko Landung Treasure Seizing Simo Lodra Swordsman Kuwala and Kuwali Scramble Keris Ilat Nogo Angling Kusuma in Action in Banyu Urip/ Magic Trickery Grenda Seba Magic Demon Dragon Wisanggeni Heir to the Throne of Sawo Pitu The destruction of the power of the Black Class of Blind Love The Duke of the Ancestral Land of the Lost Son King Thousand Snakes Queen Sculptor Rahwana Squad Satrio Pinilih Dragon Blood Vishanjaya Unrequited Love 1 Unrequited Love 2 Synopsis First Episode One Day When Hunting, Angling Dharma caught the wife of his teacher named Nagagini was having an affair with a slapper.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Angling Dharma also killed the male snake while Nagagini went home injured.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Nagagini then compiled a false report to her husband, Naga Bergola in order to take revenge on Angling Dharma.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Naga Bergolapun infiltrates the Malawapati palace and witnesses Angling Dharma is talking about Nagagini's affair to Setyawati.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Nagaraja was aware that his wife was wrong.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

He also appeared and apologized to Angling Dharma.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Naga Bergola claimed he wanted to achieve moksa.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

He then bequeathed his knowledge in the form of Aji Gineng to Angling Dharma.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Such science must be kept well and full of secrets.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

After bequeathing the knowledge, the Dragon Bergolapun died.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Since inheriting new knowledge, Angling Dharma has become an understanding of animal language.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Once he laughed watching the conversation of a pair of trickles.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

It made Setyawati offended.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Angling Dharma refused to be frank because he promised to keep Aji Gineng secret, making Setyawati grow angry.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Setyawati also chose Pati Obong, which committed suicide in a fire to restore her self-esteem.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Angling Dharma promised it was better to accompany Setyawati to die, than to have to divulge the secrets of his knowledge.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

When the self-burning ceremony was held on the 14th of the full moon, Angling Dharma had heard the conversation of a pair of goats.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

From that conversation Angling Dharma realized that the decision to accompany Setyawati to die is an emotional decision that actually harms the people a lot.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

So, when Setyawati plunged into the blaze, Angling Dharma did not accompany him.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

The act of Angling Dharma who reneged on the promise of living as dead as Setyawati made himself have to serve a sentence of waste to a certain time limit as a penance.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Malawapati Kingdom also assigned to Batik Madrim.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

On his way, Angling Dharma meets three princesses named Kenanga, Cempaka, and Kantil.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

The three fall in love with Angling Dharma and hold her from leaving.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Angling Dharma according to at once suspicious because the three princesses like to go at night secretly. Angling Dharma masquerades as a crow to investigate the secret activities of the three princesses.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

It turns out that every night the three feast on eating human flesh.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Angling Dharma was at odds with them about it.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Eventually the three princesses curse him into a white grouse.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Last Episode Dewi Sekarwangi empress Prabu Angling Dharma kidnapped.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Who kidnapped him and why he was kidnapped no one knows.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Only his own captors knew.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

This abduction was particularly shocking, because it took place at a hunting ground, early in the morning and the place was heavily guarded.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

And Dewi nowwangi who was in the tent accompanied by Goddess Kusuma Gandawati, Wife Patih Batik Madrim.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

His camp was guarded by eight soldiers who were always on standby.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Prabu Angling Dharma who hunts not too far from the camp with Batik Madrim, Danur Wenda, and Ramaja Gandhi can't understand why they are so bad.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

But surely the knowledge is quite high.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Can sirep and install have long been eyeing Goddess now.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Have studied the situation or habits of the Goddess.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

It seems that following the participation of Goddess Sekarwangi join the hunt this is the exact moment used by the kidnapper to kidnap the Goddess.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

After going through the twists of quite a long search, then it is finally revealed that Maling Aguno or his captor is Kalis Rowo.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

A Son Senopati Agul Palace Bojanegara who has since once put his heart on Goddess Sekarwangi before Sekarwangi became the wife of Prabu Angling Dharma.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Apparently this pent up and unrequited love is what causes Senopati Kalis Rowo who still does not want to mate otherwise with Goddess Sekarwangi this force himself, ventured kidnap.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

But Goddess Sekarwangi who has never been interested in much less love for Kalis Rowo, still rejects the love of Kalis Rowo.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Because Kalis Rowo was willing to impose his will, Dewi Sekar Wangi committed suicide.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

He crashed the Senopati Kalis Rowo keris used to threaten him.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Kalis Rowo who loves Goddess Sekarwangi very Shocked and struck.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

It was at that second that Suliwa appeared tasked by Prabu Angling Dharma to take back Goddess Sekarwangi from the hands of her captors.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

In an exciting fight Kalis Rowo lost and overrided.Goddess Sekarwangi whose severe wounds were healed by Suliwa by drinking water from Grandaka.Goddess sekarwangi was then brought back to Malwapati by Suliwa and Nyi Jantur.


Question: does Prabu Anglingdarma have witchcraft?

Angling Dharma (soap opera 2000)

Reference Awards Outside links on IMDb Category:Indosiar soap operas Category:Colossal soap operas Genta Buana Paramita Category:Sinetron Genta Buana Paramita


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

Gravity is the force of attraction that occurs between all particles that have mass in the universe.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

The gravity of the sun results in celestial bodies being on their respective orbits in circling the sun.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

Modern physics describes gravity using Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, but Newton's simpler law of universal gravitation is a fairly accurate void in most cases.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

For example, the earth having a very large mass generates an enormous gravitational force to attract surrounding objects, including living things, and objects present on earth.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

This gravitational force also attracts objects that exist in space, such as moons, meteors, and other celestial bodies, including man-made satellites.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

Some unprovable theories mention that gravitational forces arise due to the presence of graviton particles within each atom.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation Newton's law of universal gravitation is formulated as follows: Every mass attracts the mass of the other point by a force in line with the line connecting the two points.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

The magnitude of the force is directly proportional to the multiplication of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two masses of the point.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

F = G m 1 m 2 r 2 = m 1 g {\ displaystyle F=G {\ frac {m_ {1} m_ {2}} {r^ {2}}} =m_ {1} g} F is the large of the gravitational force between the two masses of the point G is the gravitational constant m1 is the mass of the first point m2 is the mass of the second point r is the distance between both point masses, and g is gravitational acceleration = G m 2 r 2 {\ displaystyle G {\ frac {m_ {2}} {r^ {2}}}} In the International System, F is measured in newton (N), m1 and m2 in kilograms (kg), r in meters (m), and the constant G is approximately equal to 6.67 × 10−11 N m2 kg−2.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

From this equation can be derived the equation for calculating weight.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

The weight of an object is the result of times the mass of the object with the acceleration of Earth's gravity.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

The equation can be written as follows: W=m g {\ displaystyle W=mg}.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

W is the force of the weight of the object, m is the mass and g is the acceleration of gravity.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

This gravitational acceleration differs from one place Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation Newton's law of universal gravitation is formulated as follows: Each mass draws the mass of the other point by a force in line with the line connecting the two points.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

History of gravitational theory Scientific revolution Modern research in the theory of gravity began with the work of Galileo Galilei in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

With the results of his experiments dropping balls from the Tower of Pisa, and later also measurements of balls sliding through the slope, Galileo showed that the magnitude of gravitational acceleration is the same for all objects.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

This became a major advance from Aristotle's earlier belief which held that heavier objects have greater gravitational acceleration. [1]


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

Galileo made the postulate of air resistance as the reason objects with small masses allow it to fall more quietly in the atmosphere.


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

The results of Galileo's work became the basis for Newton's formulation of the theory of gravity. [2]


Question: Who invented the science of gravity?

Gravity

Outlink Reference (in English) Category:Physics


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer is a disease caused by irregularities in the course of hormones resulting in the growth of flesh on normal body tissues or often known as malignant tumors [1].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In addition these symptoms are also known as malignant neoplasms and are often characterized by typical cell cycle abnormalities that give rise to the ability of cells to: grow uncontrollably (cell division exceeds normal limits) attack nearby biological tissues migrate to other tissues of the body through the blood circulation or lymphatic system, called metastases.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

It is these three malignant characters that distinguish cancer from benign tumors.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Most cancers form tumors, but some do not, such as leukemia.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The branch of medical science that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer is called oncology.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

General Explanation This disease is often known by the public as tumors, when not all of them are cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Tumors are all abnormal lumps, and are divided into 2 groups, namely benign tumors and malignant tumors.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer is a general term for all types of malignant tumors. [2]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The disease can afflict everyone, on every part of the body, and on all age gologans, but more often afflicts people who are 40 years old. [2]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Generally before the cancer extends or damages the surrounding tissue, the patient does not feel any complaints or symptoms.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

When there are complaints or symptoms, usually the disease is advanced. [2]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There are 7 symptoms that need to be considered and checked further to the doctor to confirm the presence or absence of cancer, namely [2]: Time of defecation or minor there is a change in habits or disorders.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Digestive apparatus is disturbed and difficult to swallow.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Hoarseness or cough that does not heal Breast or elsewhere there is a lump (tumor).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Andeng-andeng (moles) that change in nature, become larger and itchy.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Abnormal blood or mucus coming out of the body The presence of scabs or ulcers that do not want to heal.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer causes many different symptoms, depending on the location and character of the malignancy, as well as the presence or absence of metastases.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Diagnosis usually requires microscopic examination of tissue obtained by biopsy.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Once diagnosed, the cancer is usually treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Most cancers cause death.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Based on from the World Health Agency - WHO, in 2015, no less than 8.8 million people died from this disease. [3]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The data showed that the disease became one of the six deadliest diseases affecting the world's mortality rate. [4]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Nevertheless, 30 to 50% of these diseases can be prevented.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

One way is to provide information and support to implement a healthy lifestyle [4].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The tumor (Latin; swelling) designates an abnormal mass of tissue, but it can be either “malignant” (cancerous) or “benign” (not cancerous).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Only malignant tumors are capable of attacking other tissues or metastasizing.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer can spread through lymph nodes as well as blood vessels to other organs.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In the United States and some other developing countries cancer is now responsible for about 25% of all deaths. [5]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Within a year, about 0.5% of the population is diagnosed with cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In adult men in the United States, the most common cancers are prostate cancer (33% of all cancer cases), lung cancer (13%), colonic and rectal cancer (10%), bladder cancer (7%), and “cutaneous melanoma (5%).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

As a cause of death lung cancer was the most common (31%), followed by prostate cancer (10%), colon and rectal cancer (10%), pancreatic cancer (5%) and leukemia (4%). [5]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

For adult women in the United States, breast cancer was the most common cancer (32% of all cancer cases), followed by lung cancer (12%), colonic and rectal cancer (11%), endometrial cancer (6%, uterine) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (4%).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Based on mortality cases, lung cancer is most common (27% of cancer deaths), followed by breast cancer (15%), colonic and rectal cancer (10%), ovarian cancer (6%), and pancreatic cancer (6%). [5]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Statistics can vary greatly in the rest of the country.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In Indonesia, cancer became the third largest contributor to death after heart disease.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The main causes of cancer in the country are unhealthy lifestyles, such as lack of exercise, smoking, and an unhealthy diet.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In plants, cancer is a disease caused by a type of mushroom/bacteria challenged.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Patterns of plant and kaner cancer invasions in humans are very different. [6]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In terms of cost, cancer is the number 2 disease in Indonesia, after hemodialysis which costs a lot of government funds. [7]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Classification. In general, cancers are referred to based on the type of organ or cell in which they occur.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

For example, cancers that start in the colon are referred to as colon cancer, while cancers that occur in basal cells of the skin are referred to as basal cell carcinomas.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The classification of cancers is then carried out in more general categories, for example: [8] Carcinoma, is a cancer that occurs in epithelial tissue, such as skin or tissue that envelops organs, for example organs of the digestive system or glands.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Examples include skin cancer, cervical carcinoma, anal carcinoma, esophageal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, laryngeal cancer, hypernephroma, gastric cancer, testiscular cancer and thyroid cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Sarcoma, is a cancer that occurs in bones such as osteosarcoma, cartilage such as chondrosarcoma, muscle tissue such as rabdomiosarcoma, adipose tissue, blood vessels and other conveying or supporting tissues.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Leukemia, is a cancer that occurs due to the immaturity of blood cells that develop in the bone marrow and have a tendency to accumulate in the blood circulation. [9]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Lymphoma, is a cancer that arises from lymph nodes and tissues in the immune system Central Nervous Systems Cancers, is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord [10] Pathophysiology Cancer is a diverse class of diseases that differ greatly in terms of causes and its biological.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Any organism, even plant, can get cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Almost all known cancers appear gradually, as disability builds up inside cancer cells and its children's cells (see the section on mechanisms for common types of defects).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Any thing that replicates has a possible defect (mutation).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Unless the prevention and improvement of record is handled properly, the disability will remain, and may be passed down to the daughter cell.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Usually, the body conducts treatment against cancer by various methods, such as apoptosis, auxiliary molecules (some DNA polymerases), aging/ (senescence), and others.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

However, these record-correcting methods often fail, especially in environments that make notekeeping more likely to emerge and spread.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

For example, the environment contains damaging materials, called carcinogen materials, periodic injuries (physical, heat, etc.), or environments that make it impossible for cells to survive, such as hypoxia.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Because of this, cancer is a progressive disease, and these various progressive disabilities slowly accumulate until cells begin to act in reverse with their supposed functions within the organism.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cell disability, as a cause of cancer, can usually strengthen itself (self-amplifying), will eventually double exponentially.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

For example: Mutations in disability repair gear can cause cells and their washy cells to accumulate disability more quickly.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Mutations in signal-making (endocrine) paraphernalia could send a cause-disability signal to surrounding cells.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Mutations could cause cells to become neoplastic, making cells migrate and and damaging healthier cells.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Mutations can cause cells to become eternal (immortal), see telomeres, making cells damaged can make healthy cells broken forever.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer cell formation The conditions that can cause normal cell change into cancer cells are hyperplasia, dysplasia, and neoplasia.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Hyperplasia is the state when normal cells in tissues grow in excessive amounts.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Dysplasia is a condition when cells develop abnormally and in general there are changes in their nuclei.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

At these stages the size of the nucleus varies, mitotic activity increases, and there are no characteristic features of the cytoplasm associated with cell differentiation in tissues.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Neoplasia is a condition of cells in tissues that already proliferate abnormally and have an invasive nature. [11]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Such uncontrolled growth is due to DNA damage, causing mutations in vital genes that control cell division. Some mutations may be needed to convert normal cells into cancer cells.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

These mutations often result from chemical and physical agents called carcinogens.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Mutations can occur spontaneously (acquired) or inherited (germline mutations).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cell cycle abnormalities, among others, occur when: the displacement of the G1 phase towards the S phase. [12] the cell cycle occurs without accompanying the activation of transcription factors. [13]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Enlightener thyroid hormone beta1 (Trbeta1) is a transcription factor activated by the hormone T3 and serves as a suppressor of tumors and THRB gene disorders often found in cancer. [14] the cell cycle occurs with unrecoverable DNA damage. [15] translocation of chromosomal positions often found in white blood cell cancers such as leukchemia or lymphoma, or partial loss of DNA in certain domains on chromosomes. [16]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In chronic myelogenus leukchemia, 95% of patients experience translocations of chromosomes 9 and 22, called philadelphial chromosomes.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Carcinogenesis in humans is a tiered process as a result of exposure to carcinogens often encountered in the environment, throughout life, either through ingestion, [17] or infection. [18]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There are four levels of carcinogenesis: tumor initiation of tumor promotion malignant conversion of tumor progression Angiogenesis In general, cancer cells form a tumor, except in leukemia.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Prior to 1960, cancer researchers argued that the intake of nutrients reaching tumors occurred due to the presence of an existing network of blood vessels, but more recent studies have shown that the trajectory of angiogenesis is necessary for tumors to develop and spread. [19]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Without a trajectory of angiogenesis, a tumor will only expand to a diameter of about 1—2mm, and after that tumor progression will stall. [20]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In contrast, with angiogenesis, a tumor will expand to beyond 2 millimeters in diameter. [21]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Therefore, tumor cells have the ability to secrete proteins that can activate the trajectory of angiogenesis.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Of various proteins that can activate angiogenesis trajectories such as acidic fibroblast growth factor, angiogenin, epidermal growth factor, G-CSF, HGF, interleukin-8, placental growth factor, platelet-derived endothelial growth factor, scatter factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, TNF-α, and small molecules such as adenosina, 1-butyryl glycerol, nicotinamide, prostaglandins E1 and E2; scientists have identified two proteins that are essential for tumor growth namely vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (BfGF).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Both of these proteins are secreted by various types of cancer cells and some normal cell types. [22]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The secretion of VEGF or bFGF will bind to endothelial cell digests and activate those cells to trigger metabolic trajectories that form new blood vessels. [23]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Endothelial cells will produce a number of MMP enzymes that will degrade against extracellular matrix tissues containing proteins and polysaccharides, and serve to as connective tissue that buffers the parenmic tissue by filling the space between its cells.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Such tissue degradation allows endothelial cells to migrate towards the parenmic tissue, performing proliferation and differentiation into a new network of blood vessels.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The reaction between tetraiodothyroacetic acid and integrins is an inhibitor of the activity of the hormones thyroxine and tri-iodotyronina which is one of the factors that play a role in angiogenesis and proliferation of tumor cells. [24]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Metastasis Although intensive research has been conducted for decades, the pathophysiological mechanisms of metastases are not really known and are still in controversy.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

But there are two fundamental metastasis models, [25] similar to the metastasis proposal proposed by Stephen Paget in 1889 which says that metastasis depends on communication between cancer cells called the seed and the microenvironment in a particular organ called the soil. [26]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The first model explains that primary tumors in organs will arise from the same cells, which undergo various changes such as heterogeneity, genomic imbalance, accumulation of mutations or genetic deviations, until clonal evolution occurs including changes in cell phenotype and behavior up to the potential to perform metastases to other organs and form secondary tumors.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The second model lays out that cancers arising in organs occur due to activation of spaces reserved for cancer stem cells, allowing metastasis from a number of other tissues of the body.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Risk factors for Cancer are diseases in which 90-95% of cases are due to environmental factors and 5-10% due to genetic factors. [27].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Environmental factors that usually lead to death from cancer are tobacco (25-30%), diet and obesity (30-35%), infections (15-20%), radiation, stress, lack of physical activity, environmental pollutants. [27]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Chemicals Pathogenesis of cancer can be backtracked to DNA mutations that impact cell growth and metastasis.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Substances that cause DNA mutations are known as mutagens, and mutagens that cause cancer are called carcinogens.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There are some special substances associated with certain types of cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Tobacco cigarettes are associated with many types of cancer, [28] and the cause of 90% of lung cancers. [29]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Continuous exposure to asbestos fibers is associated with mesothelioma. [30].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Many mutagens are also carcinogens.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

However, some mutagens are not carcinogens.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Alcohol is an example of a chemical that is a carcinogen that is not a mutagen. [31].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Chemicals like these can cause cancer by stimulating the rate of cell division. Faster replication rates, leaving only less time for the enzymes to repair damaged DNA at the time of DNA replication, thus increasing the likelihood of mutations.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Research over decades has shown the link between tobacco use and cancer of the lung, larynx, head, neck, stomach, bladder, kidney, esophagus, and pancreas. [32].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Tobacco smoke has more than fifty types of already recognized carcinogens including nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. [33]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Tobacco is responsible for one by three of all deaths from cancer in developed countries, [28] and about one by five worldwide. [33]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Death rates from lung cancer in the United States mirror smoking patterns, with increases in smoking patterns followed by dramatic increases in death rates from lung cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Even so, the number of smokers around the world continues to increase, leading some organizations to mention it as a tobacco epidemic. [34]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer related to one's work is believed to have a number of 2-20% of all cases. [35]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Radiation Ionization Sources of ionization radiation, such as radon gas, can cause cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Continuous exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun can lead to melanoma and some dangerous skin diseases. [36]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

An estimated 2% of cancer diseases in the future are due to current CT Scans. [37]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Radiation from ionless radio frequencies from cellular telephones and similar radio-frequency sources are also thought to be cancer-causing, but there is currently very little solid evidence supporting this linkage. [38]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Infection Some cancers can be caused by infection. [39]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

This applies not only to animals such as birds, but also to humans.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

These viruses play a role for up to 20% of human cancers worldwide. [40].


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

These viruses include papillomaviruses in humans (cervical cancer), polyomaviruses in humans (mesothelioma, brain tumors), Epstein-Barr virus (B-cell lymphoproliferative disease and nasopharyngeal cancer), herpes viruses that cause Kaposi sarcoma (Kaposi's sarcoma and primary lymphoma effusion), viruses hepatitis B and hepatitis C (liver cancer), virus-1 T-cell leukemia in manusis (T-cell leukemia), and helicobacter pylori (gastric cancer). [40]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Experimentary and epidemiological data stating causative roles for viruses and viruses appear to be the second most important risk factor in cancer development in humans, which is surpassed only by tobacco use. [41]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The type of tumor caused by the virus can be divided into two, the type that transforms acutely and transforms slowly.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In acutely transformed viruses, they carry an overactive oncogene called oncogen-viral (v-onc), and the infected virus transforms as soon as v-onc is seen.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Conversely, in slowly transforming viruses, the viral genome is inserted near the oncogen-proto-inside the parent genome.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Metabolism Imbalance Synthesized formaldehyde compounds in the body, often formed from the metabolic trajectories of xenobiotic compounds, can form covalent bonds with DNA, or bind to serum albumin and valina groups of hemoglobin, and induce carcinogenesis trajectories. [ 42]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Hormonal Imbalance The high plasma ratio of TGF-β hormone, which is a regulator in the wound healing process, will increase ROS production in fibroblasts, as well as differentiation of fibroblasts towards myofibroblast phenotype. [43]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Hereditary (genetic) Immune System dysfunction is one of the important factors in the formation of cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The presence of genetic factors in the formation of cancer occurs because one of the causes of cancer is DNA mutations that are indeed passed from parents to their children, but not all types of cancer can be eliminated. It is affected by the location of mutations in the DNA experienced and also genotype of the mutations that occur.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The location of DNA damage experienced There are 2 kinds of mutations that trigger the formation of cancer, namely mutations in oncogene genes and mutations in tumor suppression genes. mutations in tumor suppression genes that usually trigger a decrease in cancer. mutations in oncogene genes are usually not survivable and so cannot be passed down.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Other Causes Diagnosis Most cancers are recognized because signs or symptoms appear or through screening.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Both of these methods do not go to a clear diagnosis, which usually requires a biopsy.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Some cancers were discovered by accident at the time of medical evaluation of an unrelated problem.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Since cancer can also be caused by methylation in specific gene promoters, early detection can be done by testing genes that are biomarkers for cancer.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Several types of cancer have known the methylation status of its biomarkers.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

For example, for breast cancer can be used the BRCA biomarker, while for colorectal cancer can use the Sox 17 biomarker</i>.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Early detection of this is crucial.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In some cancers such as colorectal cancer if known early on the chances for recovery are greater.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In addition, early detection can make it easier for doctors to provide appropriate treatment.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Clinical symptoma In general, clinical symptoms of cancer can be divided into several groups: Local symptoms: enlargement or unusual swelling of the tumor, bleeding (hemorrhage), pain and/or gastric ulcer/ulceration.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Compression of surrounding tissues can cause symptoms of jaundis (yellowed skin and eyes).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Symptoms of enlarged lymph nodes (lymph nodes), cough, hemoptysis, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), pain in the bones, fractures of the affected bones, and neurological symptoms.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Although in advanced cancers cause pain, often it is not the initial symptom.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Systemic symptoms: weight loss, significantly reduced appetite, fatigue and grandfather (dry skinny), excessive sweating during sleep/night sweats, anemia, certain paraneoplastic phenomena that are specific conditions caused by active cancer such as thrombosis and hormonal changes .


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Each symptom in the list above can be caused by a variety of conditions (the list of various conditions it is called differential diagnosis).


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer may be the main cause or not the primary cause of every symptom.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Symptoms of angiogenesis that are interactions between tumor cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and extracellular matrix. [44]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In cancer, there is a decrease in the concentration of new blood vessel growth-inhibiting compounds, such as thrombospondin, angiostatin and glioma-derived angiogenesis inhibitory factor, and overexpression of proangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, [45] which allows cells cancer performs metastases. [46]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Therapy against tumors in general always involves 2 important roles, namely the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibodies to compensate for overexpression of proangiogenic factors, and the administration of angiogenesis inhibitory compounds, such as endostatin and angiostatin. [45]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Symptoms of tumor cell migration, which is characterized by degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the connective tissue that buffers cell structures, by the enzyme MMP.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

To date there have been 26 MMP gene files that play a role in cancer, [47] with exceptions occurring among others in hepatocellular carcinoma. [48]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Symptoma paraklinis Common characteristics of paraclinis in tumor and cancer cells are high production of lactic acid and pyruvic acid, low oxidation of glucose, although not always accompanied by hypoxic symptoma, accelerated glycolysis trajectory and slowing of the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, and shifts the trajectory of glycolysis from anaerobic to aerobic, known as the Warburg effect. [49]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer cells have a tendency to produce ATP as an energy source from glycolysis trajectories rather than oxidative phosphorylation trajectories.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Transcription factor Ets-1 enhanced by the secretion of H2O2 by mitochondria is one of the controlling holders of metabolic shifts in cancer cells. [50]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Another feature is low plasma levels of vitamin C found in various cancer patients, both from people with smoking habits, and not. [51]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Changes in cellular morphology Cancer networks have very characteristic morphological features when observed with a microscope.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Among them are the large number of cells undergoing mitosis, variation in the number and size of the nucleus, variation in cell size and shape, no characteristic cellular features, no cellular coordination commonly seen in normal tissues and no clear tissue boundaries.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Immunohistochemistry and other molecular methods are used to find typical morphological features in cancer/tumor cells, as a reference to diagnosis and prognosis.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Hahn and colleagues used ectopic expression of a combination of telomerase reverse transcriptase with the h-ras oncogene and the T antigen of the SV40 virus to induce tumorigenic conversion in fibroblast cells and human epithelial cells, which occurs as a result of disruption in intracellular metabolic trajectories.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Characteristics of the phenotype of cancer cells after transforming from normal cells, include: [52] In vitro transformation There are cytological changes such as in cancer cells in vivo namely increase in cytoplasmic basophils, increase in number and size of nuclei Changes in cell development characteristics: a . difficult to die although it has undergone differentiation many times b. growing develops that does not stop, although it has crammed with surrounding cells, so cancer tissue has a high density c. requires serum and less growth factor d. no longer needs layer interfaces to multiply, and can grow as free colonies inside semi-solid medium.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

e.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

does not have control over the cell cycle f. It is difficult to undergo apoptosis Changes in the structure and function of cell membranes, including increased agglutinability due to herbal lectin Changes in the composition of cell interfaces, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycolipids and mucins, expression of tumoric antigens and increased absorption of amino acids, hexos and nucleosides.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There is no interaction of the matrix of cells and extracellular cells, so there is no decrease in the rate of differentiation Cancer cells do not respond to stimulation of substances that induce differentiation, as there is a change in the composition of the cell interface, including the molecular composition of the enlightening substance concerned.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Changes in cellular signal transduction mechanisms, including in very fundamental trajectories, in addition to regulatory trajectories controlling the function of growth factor digesting, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation ladder.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Ability to induce tumors in models.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

It is this ability that becomes the sine qua non that defines the word “malignant” upon in vitro transformation.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

However, cancer cells that do not have this ability, still have “tumorigenic” properties in other models.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Transformation in vivo Transformations in human cells require the accumulation of various genetic changes resulting in genomic nonstability, [53] such as: Increased expression of oncogene proteins as a result of translocation, amplification and mutations in chromosomes.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There is no protein expression of the “tumor suppressor” gene.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Changes in DNA methylation.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There are genetic transcription disorders that cause overproduction of growth support substances, such as IGF-2, TGF-α, tumor angiogenesis factor, PDGF, and hematopoietic growth factors such as CSF and interleukin.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

There is no genetic balance, so proliferation becomes increasingly uncontrolled, increases the likelihood of occurrence of metastases.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Changes in enzyme patterns and an increase in enzymes that play a role in the synthesis of nucleic acids and enzymes of a lytic nature, such as proteases, collagenases and glycosidases.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Production of oncofetal antigens, such as carcinoembryonic antigens and placentist hormones (example: chorionic gonadotropins), or isoenzymes such as placentic alkaline phosphatase.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The ability to evade the antitumor response of its host.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Of these various genetic changes, in human tumors, chromosomal translocations are often found that produce chimeric products with the ability to transform into tumor/cancer cells or change the expression of oncogenes. [53]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Cancer Research Management Cancer research is a scientific endeavor that is widely researched to understand the disease process and find possible therapies.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Although understanding of cancer has grown exponently since the last decade of the 20th century, radical new therapies have only been discovered and gradually introduced.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib and gefitinib) in the late 1990s were considered a major breakthrough.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Monoclonal antibodies have proven a major step in cancer care.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In Indonesia, which is rich in biodiversity, research on potentially anti-cancer plants, such as: mouse, temulawak, white gathering, etc. is very promising.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

David Porter, oncologist from the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center in Philadelphia, reports the first time after a 20-year effort of T-cell gene modification GM cell therapy successfully destroyed leukemia cancer tumors. [54]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Finding ways to predict which tumors will spread is becoming one of the most important targets in cancer research.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Sehyo Choe, physicist from the University of Heidelberg in Germany, and colleagues built a mathematical model of how tumors develop. [55]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Markus Gusenbauer at St. Poelten University of Applied Sciences, Austria, and his partners developed a model of how blood flows through magnetic beads. [56]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Prevention of cancer prevention is defined as an active effort to reduce the risk of cancer. [57]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The majority of cancer cases are due to environmental risk factors, and many, but not all, those environmental risk factors are controllable lifestyle choices.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

So, cancer is considered a preventable disease. [58]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

More than 30% of cancer deaths can be prevented by avoiding: smoking, overweight/obesity, less intake, minimal physical activity, alcohol, sexually transmitted diseases, and air pollution. [59]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Not all environmental factors can be controlled, for example, solar radiation, and cases of cancer due to heredity, therefore not all cancer cases can be prevented.


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In spite of many recommendations regarding diets to reduce cancer, the evidence does not support this markedly. [60] [61] The main factors for intake that increase the risk of cancer are fatness and alcohol consumption; while low intake of fruits and vegetables and eating red meat are many may have implications, but have not been confirmed. [62] [63] Research meta-analysis in 2014 found no association between fruits and vegetables with cancer. [64]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer [65] Research shows a link between red meat and processed meat with an increased risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, and pancreatic cancer, a phenomenon that may occur due to the presence of carcinogens in meat that Processed/cooked at high temperatures. [66] [67] Recommended recommendations for preventing cancer are a balanced intake of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and fish, while those that should be avoided are red meat and processed meat (beef, pork, goat), animal lewak, and carbohydrates easy/quick to digest. [60] [61] Medicines The concept of using drugs to prevent cancer is compelling, and the evidence stands for it in a variety of specific circumstances. [68]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

In the general population, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) reduces the risk of bowel cancer, but due to side effects on the vascular and digestive systems, therefore their use will be beneficial if used for cancer prevention. [69]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Aspirin has been known to reduce the risk of dying from cancer by approximately 7%. [70]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

COX-2 inhibitors can reduce the number of polyp formations in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, however this is associated with side effects such as in the use of anti-inflammatory drugs that are not steroids. [71]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Daily use of tamoxifen or raloxifene has shown a reduction in the risk of developing breast cancer in women at high risk. [72]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

The advantage over the natural use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors such as finasteride is unclear. [73]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Vitamins have been known to be useless for preventing cancer, [74] although low levels of vitamin D are associated with an increased risk of cancer. [75] [76] Whether this is causative and protective vitamin D supplements has never been stated. [77]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Beta-Carotene supplements have been known to increase lung cancer in those at high risk. [78]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Folic acid has been known to be useless to prevent bowel cancer, even it increases the occurrence of polyps in the colon. [79]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

It is unclear whether selenium supplements have a treatment/preventive effect. [80]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Vaccination Vaccination has been developed to prevent infections caused by viruses that are carcinogenic. [81]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Human papillomavirus vaccines (Gardasil and Cervarix) reduce the risk of developing uterine oral cancer. [81]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Hepatitis B vaccine prevents hepatitis B infection and certainly reduces the risk of liver cancer. [81]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

Administration of human papillomavirus and hepatitis B vaccines is recommended if funds allow. [82]


Question: What are the characteristics of people with Colon Cancer?

Cancer

See also Estrogen Oncology Tumors Ascorbic Acid Foundation Cancer Indonesia Reference Links outside Indonesia


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Bulgarian-Latin warfare is a term referring to a series of conflicts between the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185-1396) against the Latin Empire (1204—61).


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

This war changed the northern boundary line of the Latin Empire.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The ambitions of the territory of the Latin Empire pupus only a year after it was founded, namely after the Battle of Adrianople in 1205, in which Emperor Baldwin I had been taken captive and most of his knights had been killed.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

After the defeat, the Latin Empire had to defend itself from Bulgaria and the other successor states of the Eastern Roman Empire, namely the Empire of Nicea in Asia Minor and the Prosperity of Epirus in the Balkans.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Thanks to this conflict, the Bulgarian Empire managed to expand its area by taking control of most of the territory of the Balkan Peninsula, while the influence of the Latin Empire became limited within Constantinople and several cities and islands.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Bulgaria itself became a center of Orthodox Christianity because the Catholic Crusaders had dissolved the Patriarchate of Constantinople.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The founding of the Latin Empire On April 13, 1204, the knights who took part in the Fourth Crusade captured the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, Constantinople, and awaited the ancient empire with a new Crusader State known as the Latin Empire.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Their leader, Count Baldwin of Flandria, was crowned Emperor in Hagia Sophia. [1] [2] According to the treaty of Partitio Romaniae, he received a quarter of the empire's territory and the rest was divided up by the Venetian Republic and the Crusaders.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Emperor gained territory in Asia Minor in addition to Constantinople and territories along the Black Sea coast and several cities in the Balkans.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Venice gained the most fertile territories in Trakia, including Adrianople (Odrin), Rodosto, Arkadiopolis, most of the Peloponnesos region, parts of Epirus and Thessaly.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Venice also gets a lot of islands.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Doge of Venice obtained the title of quartae partis et dimidiae totius imperii Romaniae dominator or “Ruler of a quarter and a half quarter of the Roman Empire”.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Crusaders acquired the remaining lands in the former territories of the Eastern Roman Empire and established the Kingdom of Thessalonica with Boniface of Montferrat as King. [3]


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Bulgarian meddling Although the Bulgarians offered communion with the Crusaders to fight the Eastern Roman Empire, their offer was cavalierly rejected, and the Latin Empire declared their intention to conquer the entire territory of the former Eastern Roman Empire, including the territory that ruled by Kaloyan, emperor of Bulgaria.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The conflict that ensued has been estimated by the Eastern Roman nobles living in Trakia, who opposed Latin rule in 1205 and appealed to Bulgaria for help.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Kaloyan military campaigns of the Latin Emperor, Baldwin I began to subdue the rebellious cities and besieged Adrianople.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

As the Crusader chronicler Villehardouin notes, “Johannizza, King of Wallachia, had come to give aid to Adrianople with the best services; with him were the people of Wallachia and Bulgaria, and fourteen thousand Cumans who were never baptized “( Villehardouin, 92).


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

On 14 April 1205, the Cumans (who were allied with Kaloyan) successfully lured the heavy cavalry of the Latin Empire and then ambushed them in the marshes to the north of Adrianople, and the Crusaders suffered a great defeat.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Emperor Baldwin I was taken captive, Count Louis I of Blois was killed, and Doge Enrico Dandolo of Venice who led the remaining Crusaders retreated back to Constantinople.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Baldwin was imprisoned in the Bulgarian capital at Tarnovo until his death or likely assassinated in 1205.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Throughout 1205, Kaloyan conquered Serres and Philippopolis (Plovdiv), acquiring more territory compared to the Latin Empire in Trakia and Macedonia.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

On 31 January 1206, Bulgaria once again defeated the Latin Empire at Trakia, and then conquered Didymoteikhon.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

They many times plundered the Trakia region, including the important cities of Herakleia and Çorlu, and caused the evacuation of other cities such as Rodosto (Tekirdağ).


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Although earlier Kaloyan's military campaigns only repressed the aristocrats, later he carried out massive population redeployments from the cities he conquered to distant Bulgarian territories.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Bulgarians besieged Adrianople twice, but failed to seize this city as their Cuman cavalry forces retreated.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Warfry begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

In 1207, Bulgaria established an anti-Latin communion with Theodore I Laskaris of the Empire of Nicea.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

In the same year, the Bulgarians managed to assassinate Boniface of Montferrat (4 September 1207), the Latin ruler in the Kingdom of Thessalonica.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Kaloyan seized this opportunity and besieged the city of Thessalonica, but he died mysteriously in October 1207.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Peace of Kaloyan's successor, Boril (who was also his nephew), was not as successful as he had on the battlefield.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Boril was defeated by Henry of Flandria in 1208 in the Battle of Plovdiv, but he continued military campaigns against the Latin Empire until 1210.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The new war was stopped after the Kingdom of Hungary allied itself with the Latins.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Fall of the Latin Empire Towards 1231, the guardianship of the Latin Emperor had completed the process of negotiations with John of Brienne, the former king of Jerusalem who had been invited to become his guardian and served jointly with Baldwin II as emperor in Constantinople.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

This act was considered a violation of the treaty of communion between Bulgaria with the Latins and later Bulgaria allied with the Empire of Nicea.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

However, Bulgarian Emperor Ivan Asen II could not decide whether to support the Nicaean or Latin Greeks.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Eventually, the leader of the Nicean Empire Mikhael VIII Palaiologos captured Constantinople and restored the Eastern Roman Empire.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

So ended the history of the Latin Empire.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Battle list of Nicol Referral, Donald.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261—1453, 1993 Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, 1991 Vannier, J-F. Les premiers Paléologues (Etudes prosopographiques), 1989 John V.A. Fine, Jr. ,


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

The Late Medieval Balkans, Ann Arbor, 1987.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Niketas Choniates, Nicetae Choniatae Historia, Bonn, 1835.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Magoulias, Harry J. (transl.).


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates, 1984, ISBN0-8143-1764-2 Ansbert, Historia de expeditione Friderici imperatoris, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, n.s. 5, 15-70.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Mauro Orbini, Il Regno di Slavi, Pesaro, 1601.


Question: When did the Bulgarian-Latin Wartime begin?

Bulgarian-Latin warfare

Category:War involves Second Bulgarian Empire Category:War involves Latin Empire


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Toyota Kijang Innova is an MPV made by Toyota Motor Corporation produced in Indonesia by Toyota-Astra Motor since 2004.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

It is a continuation of Toyota Kijang and marketed in 2004.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Kijang Innova is one of three IMV products (others being Toyota HiLux and Toyota Fortuner) initiated by Toyota as a global vehicle product base derived from a single platform.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In other countries, the car is simply called Toyota Innova.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The name Kiantelope is taken from Sanskrit which means Harina.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The Innova was also sold in India (replacing the Toyota Qualis), Malaysia and Singapore (replacing the Unser), the Philippines (replacing the Toyota Revo), Taiwan (replacing the Toyota Zace Surf), Vietnam (replacing the Toyota Zace) and Thailand.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The car is also available in the Brunei markets of Darussalam, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

First generation (AN40; 2004-2015) Engine Equipped with 2.0-liter (136 hp) 1TR-FE VVT-i engine and 2.7-liter 2TR-FE VVT-i engine for gasoline engine, as well as 2.5-liter (102 hp) 2KD-FTV D-4D common rail direct 4-stroke diesel injection turbocharger without intercooler for its diesel engine.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The 2.7-liter version commonly called “Kijang Arab” by some Indonesians is now no longer marketed in Indonesia due to fuel consumption which is considered more wasteful than the 2.0-liter version.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

When still on the market, the 2.7-litre version was sold only for the Type V with an automatic transmission.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

This engine is the same as the engine used by the gasoline Toyota Fortuner.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Business Type Only sold in Indonesia, Is the most standard version than Type J. Equipped with front air conditioning, Power steering, glass crank model, and 5 people capacity seats.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Type J Only sold in the Philippines and Indonesia, is the most standard Innova variant.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

It features front air conditioning, power steering, power windows, standard 2-tone interior, and 14-inch iron alloy wheels.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Not equipped with audio equipment.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In the third generation Kijang Innova, Type J has equipped 2Din CD Head Unit with 4 Speakers, AC Double Blower, 14 inch iron alloy wheels Covered Wheel Cap, Rear Wiper & Intermittent Wiper.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In the fourth generation Kijang Innova Has Equipped SRS Airbag and Pretensioner Belt and Force Limiter (PT/FL), but on the exterior side Type J Does not undergo exterior changes.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Introduced in 2009 at a price of Rp.179 million.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Available in manual version only with petrol 2.0L engine.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Type J is sold at a price of 200 million-an. Type E In many countries, type E is the most standard variant.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Equipped with manual lock (no remote control), no rear fan (single blower) (At Euro2 engine change, Innova E has equipped AC Double blower and Toyota Auto Alarm), and no fog lights, but already wearing aluminum alloy wheels (In type E Automatic).


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Already plus a cassette head unit and 4 speakers.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In the Third Generation, Type E now uses the latest alloy wheels, 2Din CD Head Unit with 4 Speakers, And Rear Wipers.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In the Fourth Generation, Type E Has Been Equipped with SRS Airbags and Pretensioner Belts and Force Limiter (PT/FL), As Well As Undergoing Exterior Changes.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Sold at a starting price of Rp. 220-250 million.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Type G Variants of the Type G are added 2-DIN head unit, parking sensors, fog lights, rear fans.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Start provided captain seat model, which is the middle passenger seat separated into 2 own seats.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Type V Type V is the second type of Kijang Innova.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Equipped with air bag (airbag), ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), information panel (MID/Multi Information Display), digital air conditioner, leather seat, head unit with DVD and optional captain seats, and Key equipped with Immobilizer to minimize the risk of misfortune or exclusion.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The interior paneling partially uses wood panels.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In Kijang Innova Third Generation, This Type is Provided Rear Seat Entertainment which was previously only present in Luxury Type.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Luxury Series In 2009, The Luxury Series was launched in type G and V. Equipped with, Rearview with Turn Lights, Captain seat seat, and Rear Seat Entertainment equipped with Wireless Headphones and Remote Control.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In this Third Genration, Type Luxury Series has equipped Front & Rear Bumper Spoiler, Side Spoiler.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The Luxury series version is only available in 2.0-litre petrol variants.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Kijang Innova Gallery before facelift (2004-2008) Kijang Innova facelift (2008-2011) Grand New Kijang Innova (Kijang Innova second facelift, August 2011-2013) New Kijang Innova (Kijang Innova third facelift, August 2013-November 2015.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

This model is familiar in some Indonesians as “Kijang Dono” because its front part bears little resemblance to comedian Dono) The second generation (AN140; 2015-present) Toyota Kijang Innova second generation was launched on November 23, 2015 in Jakarta, Indonesia.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The second generation Toyota Kijang Innova is a completely new vehicle with a new platform and several types of engines.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

The total refurbished MPV has embedded a 2.0-litre Dual VVT-i 1TR-FE petrol engine capable of producing power of 139 PS at 5600 rpm with a torque of 183 Nm at 4000 rpm.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

While the diesel drive engine of this car is a variable nozzle turbocharged (VNT) engine with a 2.4-liter intercooler 2GD-FTV capable of producing a power of 149 PS at 3400 rpm with a torque of 359 Nm in the range of 1200 to 2600 rpm.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Transmission options available on this car are a 5-speed manual and a 6-speed automatic.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Three trims are available for this car, namely, Type G, Type V, and Type Q which are distinguished in their features.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

For safety aspects, the car carries seven airbags, vehicle stability control, and incline control. [2]


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

In India, Toyota Innova came up with an additional variant named the 1GD-FTV 2.8 Litre diesel-engined Innova Crysta as the highest variant and was introduced at Auto Expo 2016 In the Philippines, the car was officially sold using the 2,800 cc 1GD-FTV engine in February 2016 IN the Middle East, the car was sold by using a 2,700 cc 1TR-FE engine on 6 April 2016 in the UAE (United Arab Emirates), by Toyota's distributor in the UAE, Al Futtaim Motors.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

On January 16, 2017, Toyota unveiled the latest variant of the Kijang Innova, the Venturer, along with a facelift version of the Corolla Altis (E170).


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

This variant is the most luxurious variant of Kijang Innova, and is above the Q Diesel type.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

This variant also replaced the Q Diesel type which had discontinued production.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

On August 10, 2017 at the Gaikindo Indonesia International Auto Show (GIIAS) 2017, Toyota refurbished the Kijang Innova with various refreshes.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

True to their respective characters, all New Kijang Innova, G, V, Q and Venturer grades got refreshing touches such as the use of Auto Folding Outer Mirror on Innova Q and Venturer, then use of Side Visor and Rear Bumper Guard on all grades.


Question: What is the weight of Toyota Kijang Innova?

Toyota Kijang Innova

Besides, all grades Kijang Innova have also been equipped with Emergency Kit.