Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

After the siege of Jerusalem, Sophronius welcomed `Umar because, according to the Gospel prophecy said to be known to the church in Jerusalem, “a poor man, but a strong man” would come as patron and really with the Jews of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Sophronius believed that `Umar, a great conqueror and leader of harsh life, fulfilled all signs in the prophecy.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

According to stories from the Patriarchh of Aleksandria, Eutychius, it says that `Umar is welcome to visit the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and sit in the forecourt of said church.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

When the prayer time came, he left the church and performed prayers near his tent.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

He fears for future generations of Muslims who pray in churches or in other religious places than mosques.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Eutychius adds that `Umar also wrote a writ which he entrusted to the Patriarchs, which forbade Muslims from gathering for prayers in this building. [6]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1099, Jerusalem was overrun by Western Christian armies on the First Crusade and taken back from their hands back to the Muslim Arab powers, led by Salahuddin al-Ayyubi, on 2 October 1187.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

He called the Jews and allowed them to reoccupy the city.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1219, the city walls were torn down by the Sultan of Damascus, Mu'azzim; in 1229, by treaty with Egypt, Jerusalem was in the hands of Frederick II of Germany.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1239 he began to rebuild the city walls, but were knocked back by Da'ud, the emir of Kerak.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1243, Jerusalem was again in the hands of the Jews and the city walls were again repaired.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Kharezmian Tatars reached this city in 1244 and Sultan Malik al-Muattam knocked down this wall.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The current city wall was built in 1535-42 the sultan of the Ottoman Sultanate, Solomon the Great.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The wall extends 4.5km (2.8 miles) long, and measures between 5 and 15 metres (16.4—49ft) high, with a thickness of up to 3 metres (10 feet) at the base of the wall. [7]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Old City Wall has 35 towers, 15 of which are in the northern part. [7]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Solomon Wall has six gateways, the seventh, the New Gate, was built in 1887.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1980, Jordan proposed the Old City as part of the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. [8]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Old Town was added to the list in 1981. [9]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1982, Jordan proposed the Old City be registered to the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The United States government opposes the proposal, because the nomination is not authorized by the Israeli government. [10]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 2011, UNESCO issued a statement reiterating the question of this view that East Jerusalem is “part of the occupied Palestinian Territories, and that the status of Jerusalem should be settled in a permanent negotiated status. “[11]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

JMPL geography|Satellite view of the Old City of Jerusalem and its surroundings|250x250px Old City of Jerusalem is in the middle of the city of Jerusalem on the plateau of the Judea Mountains, adjacent to the Mount of Olives (east) and Mount Scopus (northeast).


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The elevation of the Old Town from sea level is 760m (2,490ft). [12]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The region surrounding the Old Town in is surrounded by several valleys and wadi.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Valleys such as Kidron, Hinnom, and Tyropoeon cross to the south of Jerusalem's Old City. [13]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Kidron is located east of the Old City and separates the Mount of Olives from the city centre.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Along the south side of the town of Lama is the Hinnom Valley, a steep valley called the Gospel as hell. [14]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Tyropoeon Valley is southwest of the city of Lama, near the Damascus Gate.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In the Gospels, Jerusalem is mentioned surrounded by plantations of walnuts, olives and cypress trees.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Old City of Jerusalem is located 60 kilometers (37mi) [15] east of Tel Aviv and the Mediterranean Sea.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

West of the Old City, approximately 35 kilometers (22mi) [16] lies the Dead Sea, the deepest place in the world.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Cities close to Jerusalem's Old City include Bethlehem and Beit Jala to the south, Abu Dis and Ma'ale Adumim to the east, Mevaseret Zion to the west, and Ramallah and Giv'at Ze'ev to the north. [17] [18] [19] The climate of the Old City is categorized greeting the hot climate of the Middle Sea (Köppen: Csa), with heat, summers are dry, and moderate, wet winters.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The city of Jerusalem and its environs experience snowfall every four or three years.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

January is the coldest month of all months of the year, with average temperatures reaching 9.1°C (48.4°F); July and August are the hottest months in Jerusalem's Old City, with an average temperature of 24.2°C (75.6°F), and in the summer months there is no rain.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

And average annual rainfall is around 537mm (21in), with the greatest intensity of rain between October to May. [20]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Snowfall is very rare, large snowfalls are very rare. [21] [22] Jerusalem once received more than 30 centimetres (12in) of snow on December 13, 2013, which almost crippled the city's activity. [21] [22] A day in Jerusalem, 9.3 hours of which there is still the Sun.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

With the average summer temperature as a coastal region, the influence of the ocean from the Mediterranean Sea is strong, this can give Jerusalem a location in a latitude-like place that scorches the hot desert not far east of the Old City.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Jerusalem's highest recorded Old City temperature ever reached 44.4°C (111.9°F) on 28 and 30 August 1881, and the lowest temperature ever recorded was −6.7°C (19.9°F) on 25 January 1907.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Air pollution in Jerusalem's Old City comes mostly from traffic. [23]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Some roads in Jerusalem are not built to meet the needs of a high volume of traffic, causing a build-up of traffic and causing more carbon monoxide to escape into the air.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Air pollution due to industry in the city is extremely rare, but emissions from factories in Israel's Coastal Industrial Area can spread east and settle in Jerusalem City. [23] [24] Economy Historically, the economy of Jerusalem's Old City was supported by religious pilgrims, the Old city is located far from ports in Jaffa and Gaza. [30]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Religious and historic places in Jerusalem currently rank top for inviting visitors from abroad, with the majority of visitors visiting the Wailing Wall and the Old City itself.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

As of 2010, Jerusalem ranks highest as the best tourist destination in Africa and the middle East according to Tavel + Leisure Magazine. [31]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 2013, 75% of the 3.5 people who visited Israel visited Jerusalem's Old City. [32]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Muslim Section Section of the Muslim Section (Arabic: حارة المسلمين Harat al-Muslimin; Hebrew: הרובעהמולמה ha-Rovah ha-Muslemi) is one of the four parts of the boroughs that bounded the fortresses of the Old City of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The locality covers 31 hectares (76 acres) and is the northeastern sector of the Old Town. [33]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

This section is the widest and most heavily populated part.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Lion Gate to its east, the northern wall of Haram ash-Sharif to its south, to Damascus Gate—the Western Wall. [34]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The population in the Muslim Section reached 22,000. [34]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Jewish Section of the Jewish Section (Hebrew: הרובי היהודי, HaRova HaYehudi; Arabic: حارة اليهود, Harat al-Yehud) is one of the four parts of the Old City of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

This section has an area of 116,000 square meters [35] is in the southeast of the wall-bounded city sector, and begins Zion Gate on the south, as well as the Armenian Section to the west, extended to the Western Wall and the Temple Mount on the east.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In the early 20th century, the Jewish population in this section reached 19,000. [36]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Christian Section of the Christian Section (Arabic: حارة النصارى) is one of five sections bounded by fortresses in the Old City of Jerusalem, the five parts being the Muslim Section, the Jewish Section, the Armenian Section and the al-Haram Complex.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

P This section is on the northwestern outer edge of Jerusalem's Old City, and has at least 40 Christian religious sites and sanctuaries, such as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which is one of the holiest churches in Christianity.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Armenian Section of the Armenian Section was one of four parts fortified by fortresses in the Old City of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Located in the northwest corner of the Old Town, which can connect with Zion Gate and Jaffa Gate.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

It covers an area of 0.126km² (126 dunam), or 14% of the overall area of the Old Town.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

As of 2007, this part had a population of 2,424 inhabitants (6.55% of the entire Old Town population).


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

If equalized in both criteria, this section is comparable to the Jewish Section.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Armenian Section is separated with the Christian Section by David Street (Suq el-Bazaar) and by Habad Street (Suq el-Husur) from the Jewish part.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The religious sites of the Old City of Jerusalem are a city sanctified by three religions, namely Islam, Christianity, and Jews.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Jerusalem was sanctified by Jews from 3,000 years ago, by Christians for about 2,000 years ago, and Muslims for 1,400 years.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The 2000 Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook listed 1,204 synagogues, 158 churches, and 73 mosques in Jerusalem City. [37]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Because of this status, several sites were built in the Old City of Jerusalem based on each religion.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Below are the historical buildings built in the Old City of Jerusalem according to religion.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Islam Jerusalem (principally the Old City) is the third holiest place in Sunni Islamic beliefs.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

For about a year, before being permanently moved to Kakbah in Mecca, the qibla (direction of prayer) for Muslims was Jerusalem. [38] [39] The Old City was no longer influential in the worship of Muslims, but the Old City was also sanctified due to the events of the Night of the Ascension of the Prophet Muhammad (c. CE 620).


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Muslims believe that the Prophet Muhammad was miraculously moved in one night from Mecca to the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem, which was raised to Heaven to be united with the previous Apostles and Prophets and to receive the order of the Prayer of the time from Allah. [40] [41] [42] In Sura al-Isra The first verse notes that the purpose of the Prophet Muhammad was al-Aqsa mosque (the most distant place), [43] [44] In the reference to Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In the Hadith it is written that the sabda of the Prophet Muhammad, the name of Jerusalem as the location of Al-Aqsa Mosque. [45]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Al-Aqsa Mosque, named in the Qur'an, was built on the Shrine Mount under the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid to commemorate the place where Muslims believe that the Prophet Muhammad ascended to Heaven. [46]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Al-Aqsa Mosque Al-Aqsa Mosque also written Al-Aqsa (Arabic:المسجد الاقصى, Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, literal meaning: “farthest mosque”) is one of the Islamic religious sanctuaries that became part of the sacred building complex in the Old City of Jerusalem (East Jerusalem).


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The complex where this mosque (within which also includes the Dome of the Rock) is known to Muslims as Al-Haram ash-Sharif or “glorious holy land”.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

This place by the Jewish and Christian people is also known as the Temple (Hebrew: הורוברית, Har Habáyit, English: Temple Mount), the holiest place in Jewish religion which is generally believed to be where the First Temple and the Second Temple once stood. [47] [48] Aqsa is widely considered the third holy place by Muslims.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Muslims believe that Muhammad was appointed to Sidratul Muntaha from this place after previously being taken from Al-Haram Mosque in Mecca to Al-Aqsa in the events of Isra' Mi'raj. [49]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The hadith books explain that Muhammad taught Muslims in the direction of Al-Aqsa Mosque (Baitul Maqdis) up to 17 months after hijra to Medina.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

After that the Qibla of prayer was the Kaaba in the Masjid al-Haram, Mecca, until now. [50]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The understanding of Al-Aqsa Mosque on the Isra' Mi'raj event in the Qur'an (Surah Al-Isra' verse 1) covers the entire Al-Haram al-Sharif area.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Dome of the Prophet's Dome (Arabic: فبة النبي, Qubbatun of the Prophet, English: Dome of the Prophet), also known as Gabriel's Dome, is a free-standing dome to the north of al-Haram ash-Sharif (Temple Mount) in Jerusalem, which serves more as a symbolic monument than a building religious.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The building is part of the terrace of the Dome of the Rock, and is one of three free-standing domes, built by Ottoman rulers in the al-Haram ash-Sharif area. [51]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Genealogical Vault of the Genealogical Dome (Arabic: قبة السلسلة, Qubbat As-Pedigree, literal meaning: “chain dome”) is a free-standing dome located on the east side of the Dome of the Rock, in the Old City of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

As one of the oldest buildings in Al-Haram ash-Sharif (or the Temple Mount, according to Jews and Christians), this dome is not a mosque, but an ordinary prayer place. [52]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The building was originally built by the Umayyad dynasty, and was briefly converted into a Christian chapel by the Crusaders, but was returned again as a place of Islamic worship by the Ayyubiyah.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Renovations over the Genealogical Dome have been carried out by Mamluk rulers, Ustmaniyads, and Palestinian waqf institutions.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Shakhrah Vaults of Shakhrah Dome (Arabic: مسجد قبة الصخرة (read: Qubbah as-Sakhrah), Hebrew: קיפת הילעי (read. :


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Kipat Hasela), Turkish: Kubbetüs Sahra, English: Dome of the Rock, literal meaning: “Dome of the Rock”) is a Jewish and Islamic sanctuary and a major land mark located in the middle inside the walls of the Al-Haram ash-Sharif complex.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The complex itself is within the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem (East Jerusalem).


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The dome of Shakhrah was completed in 691 AD, making it the oldest surviving Islamic building in the world. [53]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Inside this dome is the stone of Ash-Shakhrah which is a sacred place for Jews and Muslims. [54]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The dome of Shakhrah is not a mosque, on the contrary, it is a complex where the Prophet Muhammad stood during the events of Isra and Mi'raj.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Qubbat as-Sakhrah is located in Baitulmuqaddis in the Al-Haram ash-Sharif region.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Qubbat as-Sakhrah is not Al-Aqsa Mosque because Al-Aqsa Mosque is located not far away than this building.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Qubbat Al-Sakhrah is often mistaken for the Mosque of Omar which is where Umar ibn Khattab was afflicted when he arrived at Baitulmuqaddis.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Christian Christians revere Jerusalem for its history in the Old Testament, and as the place of Jesus' life.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

According to the New Testament, Jesus continued his life after his birth [55]. [56] [57] [58] 250px|jmpl|main entrance to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre |Left Church of the Holy Sepulchre Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Latin: Sanctum Sepulchrum, English: Church of the Holy Sepulchre) is a Christian church in the Old City of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The site is believed by many Christians to be Golgotha, [59] where Jesus was crucified. [60]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

This church has been a Christian pilgrimage destination since the 4th century, as the site of Jesus' death and resurrection.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Via Dolorosa Via Dolorosa (Latin for “Path of Misery” or “Path of Suffering”) was a street in the Ancient City of Jerusalem.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

This path is the path Jesus went through while calling the cross towards Calvary.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The road is marked by 14 cross points.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The last five cross points are within the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The road became the main destination for pilgrims.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Jerusalem Jews were sanctified by Jews since 3000 years, by Christians for about 2000 years, and Muslims for 1400 years.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The 2000 Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem listed 1204 synagogues, 158 churches, and 73 mosques in the city of Jerusalem. [37]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Old City of Jerusalem was sanctified by Jews since King Dawud proclaimed us to be the capital in the 10th century BC.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Jerusalem became the site of the Solomon Temple and the Second Solomon Temple.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Although not mentioned in the Torah/Pentateuch, [61] his name is mentioned in the Gospels 632 times.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Today, the Wailing Wall, a building near the Second Temple becomes the second holiest site of the Jewish people after the Temple Mount itself. [62]


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Synagogues around the world were built with altars facing Jerusalem, [63] [64] [65] the Wailing Wall was an important place and was considered holy by the Jews.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

It is a remnant of the walls of the Temple in Jerusalem built by King Herod.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The temple was destroyed when the Jews rebelled to the Roman kingdom in 70 AD.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The length of this wall was originally about 485 meters, and now the rest is only 60 meters.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Jews believe that this wall is not destroyed because that is where the “Shekhinah” (divine presence) dwells.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

So, praying there is as meaningful as praying to God.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

The Wall (Arabic: أسوار القدس; Hebrew: חומות ירושלים) around the Old City of Jerusalem (about 1km²).


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

In 1535, while Jerusalem was still part of the Ottoman Sultanate, Sultan Suleiman I ordered to have the city walls rebuilt.


Question: What is the average visitor to Mecca in one year?

Old City of Jerusalem

Construction of the wall lasted for four years, namely between 1537 and 1541. [66] [67] Reference Gate Outlink Virtual Tourism Coordinates: Category:Jerusalem Category:History of Jerusalem Category:Buildings and structures in Israel Category:Buildings and structures in Palestine


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

Pythagoras (570 BC — 495 BC, Greek: Πυθαγόρας) was a Greek mathematician and philosopher best known through his theories.


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

Known as the “Father of Numbers”, he made important donations to philosophy and religious teachings in the late 6th century BC.


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

His life and teachings are not so clear as a result of numerous legends and artificial stories about him.


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

One of the famous relics of Pythagoras is the Pythagorean theorem, which states that the hypotenuse square of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of its legs (the sides of its elbows).


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

Although the facts in this theorem have been widely known before the birth of Pythagoras, this theorem is credited to Pythagoras because he was the first to prove this observation mathematically. [1]


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

Pythagoras and his students believed that everything in the world was related to mathematics, and felt that everything could be predicted and measured in a cycle of rhythms.


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

He believes the beauty of mathematics is due to all natural phenomena can be expressed in numbers or number comparisons.


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

There is a legend that states that when his disciple Hippasus discovered that 2 {\ displaystyle {\ sqrt {2}}}, the hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle with a right side of 1 each, was an irrational number, the other disciples of Pythagoras decided to kill him because cannot refute the evidence presented by Hippasus. [2]


Question: who invented the science of Geometry?

Pythagoras

See also List of Pythagorean Philosophers Theorem Reference Category:Greek Philosophers Category:Vegetarian Category:Birth 582 BC Category:Death 496 BC Category:Ancient Greek Philosophers


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In 1983, Microsoft announced the development of a graphical interface for its artificial operating system, MS-DOS that had been built for IBM PC systems and compatibles since 1981.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Early Windows Version Windows 1.0 The first version of Microsoft Windows, referred to as Windows 1.0, was released on November 20, 1985.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version has many shortcomings in some functionality, making it less popular on the market.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In the first version of Windows 1.0 was about to be named Interface Manager, but Rowland Hanson, head of marketing at Microsoft Corporation, assured Microsoft bigwigs that the name “Windows” would be more “captivating” to consumers.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system, but only extends the capabilities of MS-DOS with additional graphical interfaces.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition, Windows 1.0 also had the same problems and weaknesses that MS-DOS had.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Furthermore, it was Apple that demanded Microsoft make Microsoft restrict its capabilities.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

For example, windows inside Windows 1.0 can only be displayed on the screen on a “tile” basis, so they cannot overwrite each other.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition, there is no kind of place to store files before they are deleted (Recycle Bin), because Apple believes they have the right to the paradigm.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft also removed the limitation from Windows by signing a license agreement with Apple. That's windows now that always have upgrades to upgrade the version of Windows 2.x version 2 appeared later on December 9, 1987, and became a little more popular compared to its predecessors.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Much of its popularity gained due to its proximity to Microsoft-made graphics applications, Microsoft Excel for Windows and Microsoft Word for Windows.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows applications can be run from MS-DOS, to then enter Windows to perform their operations, and will exit by themselves when they are closed.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows eventually gained significant improvements when Aldus PageMaker appeared in a version for Windows, previously only able to run on top of the Macintosh.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Some computer historians note this as the emergence of an application that sells significantly in addition to Microsoft-made as the beginning of Microsoft Windows success.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows version 2.0x uses the real mode memory model, which is only capable of accessing memory up to 1 megabyte only.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In such a configuration, Windows can run another multitasking application, such as DesqView, which runs in the protected mode offered by Resi Kiswanto Intel 80286.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 2.1x Furthermore, two newly released versions are Windows/286 2.1 and Windows/386 2.1.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

As with previous versions of Windows, Windows/286 uses the real-mode memory model, but is the first version to support High Memory Area (HMA).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows/386 2.1 even had a kernel running in protected mode with emulation of the Lotus-Intel-Microsoft (LIM) standard Expanded Memory Specification (EMS), a precursor to the Extended Memory Specification (XMS) specification which later ultimately changed the computing topology inside the IBM PC.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

All Windows and DOS-based applications at that time did run in real mode, which ran on top of the protected mode kernel by using Virtual 8086 mode, which was a new feature shared by the Intel 80386.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Version 2.03 and later version 3.0 gained demands from Apple because indeed this version 2.1 has a cascade (stacked) window appearance mode, in addition to some features of the Apple Macintosh operating system that are “emulated” by Windows, the main being the look/look and feel issue.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Judge William Schwarzer ultimately overturned all 189 of the suits, except for the 9 suits filed by Apple against Microsoft on January 5 [[1989" Success with Windows 3.0 Microsoft Windows finally achieved very significant success when stepping on version 3.0 that was released in 1990.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition to offering improved capabilities to Windows applications, Windows 3.0 is also able to allow users to run multiple MS-DOS applications simultaneously (multitasking), since indeed in this version virtual memory has been introduced.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version is also what makes the IBM PC and its compatibles a serious challenger to the Apple Macintosh.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This was due to improved graphics processing performance at that time (with the Video Graphics Array (VGA) graphics card), and also a protected mode/386 Enhanced mode that allowed Windows applications to use more memory in an easier way compared to what is offered by MS-DOS.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 3.0 runs in three modes, real mode, standard mode, and 386 Enhanced mode, and is compatible with Intel family processors from Intel 8086/8088, 80286, to 80386.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 3.0 will try to detect which mode to use, although users can force Windows to work in a specific mode only by using certain switches when running it win /r: force Windows to run inside real win mode /s: forcing Windows to run inside real win mode /s: forcing Windows to running inside standard mode win /3: force Windows to run inside 386 Enhanced mode.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Version 3.0 is also the first version of Windows to run in protected mode, although kernel 386 enhanced mode is an upgraded kernel version of the protected mode kernel inside Windows/386.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Due to the backward compatibility feature, Windows 3.0 applications must be compiled using a 16-bit environment, so that it does not at all use the capabilities of the Intel 80386 microprocessor, which in fact is a 32-bit processor.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 3.0 also came in a “multimedia” version, called Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions 1.0, which was released a few months later.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version is bundled with the presence of a “multimedia upgrade kit”, consisting of a CD-ROM drive and a sound card, as does the Creative Labs Sound Blaster Pro.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version was a pioneer of all the multimedia features contained in later versions of Windows, as with Windows 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups, and became part of the Microsoft Multimedia PC specification.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The features mentioned above and the growing support of the application software market make Windows 3.0 very successful on the market.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Noted, in the two years prior to the release of the Windows 3.1 version, Windows 3.0 sold as many as 10 million copies.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Finally, Windows 3.0 also became Microsoft's main source of income, and made Microsoft make revisions to some of its initial plans.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Switching temporarily to IBM OS/2 During the mid to late 1980s, Microsoft and IBM worked together in developing a successor operating system to DOS, referred to as IBM OS/2.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

OS/2 can use all the capabilities offered by the Intel 80286 microprocessor and is capable of accessing up to 16 Megabytes of memory.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

OS/2 1.0 was released in 1987, which had swapping and multitasking features, in addition to certainly allowing MS-DOS applications to run on it.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

OS/2 version 1.0 is just an operating system based on text/command line mode only.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

OS/2 version 1.1 released in 1988 offers a graphical interface, called the Presentation Manager (PM).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This Presentation Manager uses the same coordinate system as the Cartesius coordinates, in contrast to the Windows operating system and some other GUI systems.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The use of such coordinate systems causes the point x, y 0,0 on OS/2 to be placed in the lower left corner of the screen, while on Windows, it is placed in the upper left corner.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

OS/2 version 1.2, released in 1989, introduced a new file system, called the High Performance File System (HPFS), aimed at replacing the File Allocation Table (FAT) filesystem.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In the early 1990s, the relationship between Microsoft and IBM was stretched due to the emergence of a conflict.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This is because they work together in developing their respective personal computer operating systems (IBM with OS/2 and Microsoft with its Windows), both having access to each operating system's code.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft willed further development of its artificial Windows operating system, while IBM had a passion that all its future work should be created based on the OS/2 operating system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In an experiment to end this conflict, IBM and Microsoft finally agreed that IBM would develop IBM OS/2 version 2.0, to replace OS/2 version 1.3 and Windows 3.0, while Microsoft would have to develop a new operating system, OS/2 version 3.0, which would later replaced OS/2 version 2.0.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This agreement did not last long, so IBM and Microsoft's relationship was terminated.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

IBM eventually continued development of OS/2, while Microsoft renamed the OS/2 version 3.0 operating system (which had not been released) to Windows NT.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Both still have the right to use OS/2 and Windows technologies already established until the termination of the approval; however, Windows NT was completely written as a new operating system and was largely code free of IBM OS/2 code.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

After version 1.3 was released to justify some of the problems in OS/2 version 1.x, IBM finally released OS/2 version 2.0 in 1992.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Version 2.0 offers a significant improvement, namely an object-oriented GUI, called Workplace Shell (WPS), which includes a desktop and is considered by many to be the best feature in OS/2.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft eventually “plagiarized” some elements of Workplace Shell on the Windows 95 operating system released three years later.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Version 2.0 also offers an API that fully supports Intel 80386's 32-bit instructions, thus offering nice multitasking features and is capable of addressing up to 4 gigabytes of memory.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

However, many things inside the system internals still use 16-bit code, which requires that the device driver must also be written using 16-bit code as well, in addition to some other internal things.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This is one of the reasons why OS/2 lacks hardware drivers.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Version 2.0 is also capable of running DOS and Windows 3.0 applications, as indeed IBM also still has the right to use DOS and Windows code after the “divorce” of the relationship between them.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

At the time, it was not clear who was the winner in the race called “Desktop Wars”, but in the end OS/2 was not able to gain enough market share even though IBM ultimately released some much more powerful versions of OS/2 after this 2.0 version.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The rise of dualism: Windows 3.1 dropped to the home market and Windows NT dropped to the corporate market Windows 3.1 In response to the release of IBM OS/2 version 2.0 to the market, Microsoft developed Windows 3.1, which offered some minor improvements to Windows 3.0 (as did the capabilities to display the TrueType Fonts fonts, jointly developed with Apple), and also contained in it a lot of bug fixes and support for multimedia.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Version 3.1 also removes support for real mode, so it only runs on a protected mode only owned by Intel 80286 microprocessors or higher still.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft also eventually released Windows 3.11, which is a version of Windows 3.1 that includes all patches and fixes released after Windows 3.1 was launched in 1992. /p; Windows for Workgroups About the same time, Microsoft released Microsoft Windows for Workgroups, which is available both as an addition to Windows 3.1 and as a version covered in it's basic Windows environment and additional networking capabilities inside a package.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows for Workgroups includes better computer network drivers and protocol stacks, and also supports networking on a peer-to-peer basis.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

One optional download for Windows for Workgroups is the TCP/IP protocol stack codenamed “Wolverine”, which permits access to the Internet over corporate networks.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows for Workgroups was released in two versions, Windows for Workgroups 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups 3.11.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Unlike previous versions of Windows, Windows for Workgroups 3.11 only runs inside 386 Enhanced mode, and requires at least a machine with an Intel 80386SX processor.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

All of those versions continuously increase the sales rate of Windows version 3.x.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Although Windows 3.1x still has many shortcomings, which have previously been corrected by OS/2, such as long filenames (exceeding 11 characters, in 8.3 format), desktops, or system protection against unwanted application behavior, Microsoft quickly took over the market GUI in desktop market share for IBM PCs and their compatibles.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The Windows API also became the de-facto standard for consumer software.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT During that time, Microsoft continued to continue the development of its new operating system, called Windows NT.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The principal architect of Windows NT was Dave Cutler, who was one of the leading architects of the VMS operating system at the company Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), which was later purchased by Compaq which is now part of Hewlett-Packard.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft recruited Cutler in 1988 to create a portable version of OS/2, but eventually Cutler instead created a new operating system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Before moving to Microsoft, Cutler was actually creating a successor operating system to VMS at DEC, called Mica.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

And at a time when DEC bigwigs derailed the project, he quit DEC and brought many expert workers with him to Microsoft.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

DEC had confidence that Cutler was carrying Mica code for use by Microsoft and demanded it.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Eventually, Microsoft lost and in the end was told to pay 150 million American dollars and have an agreement to support DEC's new CPU chip, the DEC Alpha, which was noted as the fastest chip, in order to run inside Windows NT.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT 3.1 (Microsoft's marketing field wanted Windows NT to be seen as a continuation of Windows 3.1) finally appeared first in Beta form for software developers in July 1992 in a Professional Developers Conference (PDC) event that was held in San Francisco, California, United States.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft also announced its desire to develop a successor operating system for Windows NT as well as a replacement for Windows 3.1 at the conference (codenamed Chicago), which would then bring the two together into a combined operating system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The operating system was named Cairo.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

It turned out that Cairo was a more complicated project than what Microsoft had anticipated, and the result that NT and Chicago did not “unite” until Windows XP was launched.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition, parts of Cairo have not appeared inside the Microsoft Windows operating system to date.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

An example is the WinFS subsystem, which is an implementation of the Object File System inside Cairo, did have been worked on by Microsoft for some time, but in the end Microsoft announced that it was discontinuing development of WinFS and would incorporate the technology that developed for WinFS inside other Microsoft products and technologies, specifically Microsoft SQL Server.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Device driver support for Windows NT is also lacking so much because indeed developing drivers for Windows NT is considered complicated by some developers, besides of course Windows NT also has superiority in its hardware abstraction model.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This problem has haunted all versions of Windows NT until Windows NT 5.0 (Windows 2000) came out onto the market.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Programmers also complain that developing device drivers for Windows NT is complicated, and hardware developers are also unwilling to risk developing device drivers for an operating system that has limited market share.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition, although Windows NT offers good performance and is able to more efficiently expolitate system resources, in some systems with limited hardware, Windows NT is considered a resource-wasteful system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This resulted in the rise of public opinion that Windows NT was only suitable for large machines and was also much more expensive (as was the case for workstations with DEC Alpha or Intel Pentium which at that time were still new).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT is also unable to work for private users due to its high resource needs.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Also, the GUI it uses is just a copy of the Windows 3.1 GUI, which is still vastly lost when compared to OS/2's proprietary Workplace Shell, so the reason Windows NT is a replacement for Windows 3.1 doesn't make sense.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

However, it is these features that make Windows NT the perfect choice for local network server (LAN) market share, which in 1993 was booming, as in-office network commodities have increased drastically.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The network features in Windows NT offer several extensive network connectivity options and also of course an efficient NTFS file system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT 3.51 was Microsoft's prima donna at its foray into this market, which then took over most of the market share previously owned by Novell Netware the next few years.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

One of the biggest improvements from Windows NT is the new 32-bit Application Programming Interface (API), created to replace the old 16-bit Windows API.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This 32-bit API is named the Win32 API, and it was from there that Microsoft referred to the old 16-bit API as Win16.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The Win32 API has three major implementations: one for Windows NT (which is the most complete Win32 API with ANSI or Unicode support), one for Win32s (which is part of Win32 that can be used on top of Windows 3.1 systems), and also one for Chicago (which is only supporting ANSI).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This leads to high compatibility between Chicago and Windows NT, although basically the two systems are very much different when viewed from the basic architecture.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT was the first Windows operating system to be created using a hybrid kernel, having in earlier versions only used a monolithic kernel only.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 95 After Windows 3.11, Microsoft began development of a user-oriented version of Windows codenamed Chicago.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Chicago is designed to have support for 32-bit pre-emptive multitasking as it does in OS/2 and Windows NT, although the 16-bit kernel is still contained in it for backward compatibility reasons.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The Win32 API first introduced in Windows NT was also adopted as a new 32-bit based programming interface standard, with Win16 compatibility also maintained using a technique called “thunking”.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The new GUI is also owned by the operating system, although at first Microsoft did not plan it as part of the operating system when it was released.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Indeed some user interface elements owned by Cairo were borrowed and added to the operating system as other aspects of that version (specifically the Plug and Play feature).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft doesn't switch all Windows code to 32-bit; many parts in it are still 16-bit (though they don't use real mode directly), for reasons of backward compatibility, performance, and development time.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This and the fact that the many weaknesses in the design of previous versions of Windows, made the new operating system compromised its efficiency and stability.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Finally, Microsoft's marketing section used the Windows 95 name as the product name for Chicago, when it was released on August 24, 1995.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft had two advantages of this launch: 1) it was impossible for the consumers to run Windows 95 on a DOS operating system instead of the much cheaper Microsoft-made.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

2) although traces of DOS were never unplugged from the operating system, instead they plugged a DOS version to load as part of the boot process, Windows 95 runs itself in 386 Enhanced mode, using virtual memory and model 32-bit flat memory addressing.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Those features make Win32 applications to address as much as 2 gigabytes of virtual RAM (with the remaining 2 gigabytes reserved for the operating system), and in theory prevent the application from interfering with the memory room owned by other Win32 applications in the absence of approval of the operating system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In this regard, indeed the functionality of Windows 95 is close to what Windows NT has, although Windows 95/98/Me does not support memory exceeding 512 megabytes without editing troublesome system configurations.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Behind Microsoft's success, IBM continued to continue the OS/2 market, by producing OS/2 version 3.0 and OS/2 Warp (version 4.0).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

IBM responded to complaints raised by consumers regarding high computer hardware requirements requested by OS/2 version 2.0, OS/2 version 3.0 was made much slimmer by optimizing size and speed.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Before Windows 95 was released, OS/2 Warp 3.0 had even been bundled in some major hardware providers in Germany.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

However, with the release of Windows 95, OS/2 again lost its market share again, being taken over by Windows 95.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

It may not be possible to figure out what the reason why OS/2 failed in gaining large market share.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Although OS/2 continues to be able to run Windows 3.1 applications, there is really nothing short of it anymore, except for a small part of the Windows API called Win32s.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Unlike Windows 3.1, IBM did not have access to the Windows 95 source code and was unwilling to use existing time and resources to perform emulation of the Win32 API.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

IBM also introduced OS/2 in the case of United States versus Microsoft, blaming marketing tactics on Microsoft's part, but many people might agree that the problems in IBM's marketing section were and the support was severely lacking from the software developers who caused OS/2 failures.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Before replacing it with the new version of Windows, Microsoft released Windows 95 in five different versions, namely as follows: Windows 95 - the actual release of Windows 95 Windows 95 A - includes the Windows 95 Original Service Release 1 (OSR1) update that is inserted directly resistance to installation.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 95 B - includes several other major updates, as does the FAT32 file system, and Internet Explorer 3.0.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version is also known as Windows 95 OSR2, or many people in Indonesia refer to it as Windows 97.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 95 B USB - or Windows 95 OSR2.1 is a version of Windows 95 that offers support for Universal Serial Bus/USB bus-based hardware.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 95 C - or Windows 95 OSR2.5 includes all of the above features, plus Internet Explorer 4.0.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version is the most last released version of the Windows 95 series.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 95 OSR2, OSR2.1 and OSR2.5 are not released to the public, but only to OEMs who want to use the operating system into their computer.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Some OEM companies even sell new hard disks with the Windows 95 OSR2 operating system in them.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition to the features contained within Windows 95, Microsoft also introduced Microsoft Plus! for Windows 95 that includes some additional features that Windows 95 does not have.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft's Windows NT 4.0 released Windows NT 4.0, as a successful successor to Windows NT 3.x threatened the dominance of Novell Netware and UNIX in the corporate market.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT 4.0 was originally developed as a part of an effort to introduce Windows NT to the workstation market.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

NT 4.0 has the same interface as Windows 95, but uses the same kernel as Windows NT, making it more stable.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Indeed, there is an additional patch available for Windows NT 3.51 that is capable of making NT 3.51 to be similar to NT 4.0, but it is very unstable and has many bugs.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

That user interface was originally developed on top of Windows NT, but since Windows 95 was released first before NT 4.0, then people tend to think “Windows NT 4.0 is a byword of Windows 95.”


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows NT 4.0 comes in four versions: Windows NT 4.0 Workstation Windows NT 4.0 Server Windows NT 4.0 Server, Enterprise Edition (which includes support for clustering and SMP up to 8-way) Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server Windows 98 On June 25, 1998, Microsoft released an operating system The new Windows, known as Windows 98.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 98 is considered a minor revision to Windows 95, but in general it is seen as much more stable and reliable compared to its predecessor, Windows 95.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 98 includes many new hardware drivers and improved FAT32 filesystem support that allows partitions to have a capacity greater than 2 gigabytes, a limitation contained within Windows 95.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

USB support inside Windows 98 is also much better compared to its predecessor.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 98 invited controversy when Microsoft incorporated the Microsoft Internet Explorer web browser into the operating system and it could not be revoked, thus rendering Windows Explorer and the Windows GUI capable of displaying directories as if web pages.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This opens a new case, referred to as USA versus Microsoft, which asks why Microsoft bothered to keep its dominance inside personal computer operating systems in order to compete with its rivals such as Netscape and IBM in such a dishonest way.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, a release that offered many improvements over previous versions.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Internet Connection Sharing, which is a form of Network Address Translation, which allows multiple machines in a local network to be able to use one Internet connection line together was introduced in this version.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Many minor problems within the old Windows have been corrected, which makes Windows 98 according to many people the most stable version of Windows 9x among all other versions of Windows 9x.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft's Windows 2000 released Windows 2000 on February 17, 2000, a version previously known by the designation Windows NT 5.0 or “NT 5.0".


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The Windows 2000 version is aimed at two market shares, namely workstation market share and server market share.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Among the most significant features of Windows 2000 is Active Directory, a network model replacement for the NT domain network model, which uses technologies that are industry standards, such as the Domain Name System (DNS), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), and Kerberos for connect between a machine to another.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Terminal Services also, which in Windows NT 4.0 is contained in only one product, in Windows 2000 it is contained in all versions of the server.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

New features adopted from Windows 98 were also implanted in it, such as the upgraded Device Manager (by using the Microsoft Management Console), Windows Media Player, and DirectX 6.1 (which allowed Windows NT kernel-based operating systems to run games).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 2000 was also the last NT kernel-based version of Windows that did not require its users to perform activation against it.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Although Windows 2000 can update computers previously running Windows 98, Windows 2000 is not considered a suitable product for home users.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The reasons are many, among which is the lack of device drivers for many user devices such as scanners (scanners) and also printers, at the time of release.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

That situation eventually reversed by the time Windows XP was released by Microsoft.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 2000 is available in six editions, namely: Windows 2000 Professional Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Advanced Server Windows 2000 Datacenter Server Windows 2000 Advanced Server Limited Edition Windows 2000 Datacenter Server Limited Edition Windows Me In September 2000, Microsoft introduced Windows Millennium Edition (also known as Windows Me or Windows ME).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version updates Windows 98 with improved multimedia and Internet support.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version also incorporated the “System Restore feature,” which allowed its users to restore the state of the system to a point that was known to be fine, at a time when the operating system had a failure.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

System Restore became a feature still maintained on Windows XP.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version also introduced the first version of Windows Movie Maker.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Me was created in a short period of time, roughly just one year, aimed only at filling the release void between Windows 98 and Windows XP as an operating system for the home-class.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Features contained within Windows Me (such as Internet Explorer 5.5, Windows Media Player 7.0, and Microsoft DirectX 7.1) can even be obtained for free from Windows Update sites, except System Restore.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

As a result, even Windows Me is not considered a unique operating system among its brethren of the Windows 9x family, Windows 95 and Windows 98.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Me was also criticized for the appearance of stability issues, and also support for MS-DOS running inside real mode.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

People even refer to Windows Me as Windows Mistake Edition.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Me was the last operating system created based on the monolithic kernel of Windows 9x and MS-DOS.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version also became the last version of the Windows operating system that did not have Windows Product Activation (WPA).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP: brings together both JMPL|300px|Windows XP product lines featuring the Sample Pictures, Sample Music, and Control Panel folders, with the Luna theme and the Bliss desktop.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In 2001, Microsoft introduced Windows XP (which bore the code name “Whistler” during development).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Finally, after releasing several Windows 9x and NT-based versions of Windows, Microsoft managed to bring the two product ranks together.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP uses the Windows NT 5.1 kernel, thus making the Windows NT kernel famous for its stability entering the home consumer market, to replace the aging 16/32-bit based Windows 9x product.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP is the longest-running version of the Windows operating system (at least to date), as it does range from 2001 to 2007, when Windows Vista was released to consumers.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The Windows XP operating system lineup was finally passed on by Windows Vista on January 30, 2007.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP is available in several versions: Windows XP Home Edition, aimed at the home desktop and laptop markets.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Home Edition N, just like the usual Home Edition, but does not have Windows Media Player, because indeed EU regulations do not allow it.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Professional, intended for power users and business people.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Professional N, same as Professional Edition, but does not have Windows Media Player, as EU regulations do not allow it.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Media Center Edition (MCE), released in November 2002, is a Windows XP Home Edition intended for dektops and laptops with an emphasis on home entertainment.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Media Center Edition 2003 Windows XP Media Center Edition 2004 Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005, which was released on October 12, 2004.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Tablet PC Edition, intended for Tablet PCs (touchscreen PCs) Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005 Windows XP Embedded, intended for the embedded system Windows XP Starter Edition, aimed at computer users in several developing countries.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, which was released on April 25, 2005 for home systems and workstations using 64-bit processors based on x86-64 instruction sets (AMD64 or Intel EM64T).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP 64-bit Edition, is a version of Windows XP intended for the Intel Itanium line of processors, which maintains compatibility with 32-bit applications by using a software emulator.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This version is tantamount to Windows XP Professional, in terms of its features.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The product was discontinued in September 2005 when the last vendor of Itanium processor-based workstations discontinued its products as “workstations”, as indeed they tended to focus Itanium as a server computer base.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows XP 64-bit Edition 2003, created based on the Windows NT 5.2 codebase (same as Windows Server 2003).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Server 2003 On April 24, 2003, Microsoft launched Windows Server 2003, an update to the Windows 2000 Server operating system, which offers many new security features, a “Manage Your Server wizard” guide that simplifies the role of a machine that run it, and also performance improvements.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Server 2003 uses the Windows NT kernel version 5.2.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In Windows Server 2003, some services that are not particularly needed within the server environment are disabled by default, especially “Windows Audio” and “Themes” for stability reasons; In order to use the same sound and display as Windows XP, users must enable them manually, through the snap-in Microsoft Management Console Services.MSC In addition, hardware acceleration for the graphics card is also turned off; again the user must activate it manually, of course if the device driver used is “trustworthy”.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In December 2005, Microsoft released Windows Server 2003 R2, which was Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 coupled with several additional packages.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Among all its new features are managemeal features for branch offices, and extensive identity integration.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Server 2003 is available in five editions: Windows Server 2003, Web Edition Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition (32-bit and 64-bit) Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition Windows Server 2003, Small Business Server Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs as a thin client platform In July 2006, Microsoft released a version of Windows XP Service Pack 2, aimed at the thin-client market, referred to as Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs (WinFLP).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

WinFLP is only available to Microsoft Software Assurance customers.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

WinFLP's goal is to provide upgrade options to those customers who still use Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, and Windows NT Workstation.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Most user applications are run on top of a remote machine using Terminal Services or Citrix.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Vista After achieving great fondness with Windows XP, Microsoft did not necessarily stop developing Windows.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

An updated version of Windows, referred to as Windows Vista, was released on November 30, 2006 for business circles while for home users was released on January 30, 2007.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Vista was designed to have more robust security compared to previous versions, by introducing a limited user mode, referred to as User Account Control (UAC), to replace the “administrator-by-default” philosophy enacted on Windows XP.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Vista also introduced a much more “alluring” graphics feature, called the Windows Aero GUI, an application that was new (as did Windows Calendar, Windows DVD Maker and several new games including Chess Titans, Mahjong, and Purble Place).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In addition, Windows Vista also offers a more secure version of Microsoft Internet Explorer, as well as a new version of Windows Media Player (version 11).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Vista uses version number 6.0, so there is a significant version difference when compared to Windows XP which uses version number 5.1 or Windows Server 2003 (5.2).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Because, indeed, Windows Vista has many fundamental differences, in particular in the basic architecture part of the operating system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Vista is sold in several editions: Windows Vista Starter Windows Vista Home Basic Windows Vista Home Premium Windows Vista Business Windows Vista Enterprise Windows Vista Ultimate Windows Home Server Windows Home Server (previously had the code name Q stands for Quattro) is a a server product derived from Windows Server 2003, designed specifically for use by consumers from home users.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The operating system was introduced on January 7, 2007 by Bill Gates.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Home Server can be configured and monitored using console programs that can be installed on a client PC.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows features Media Sharing, backups of local drives and remote drives, and duplication of files.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008, is a new version of Windows Server, scheduled for release on February 27, 2008.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

At the time of its development, Windows Server had the code name “Windows Server Codenamed Longhorn.”


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Server 2008 builds on several technological and security advantages originally introduced with Windows Vista, and is intended to be significantly more modular, than its predecessor, Windows Server 2003.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 7 The next release after Windows Vista was Windows 7, previously known as Blackcomb and Vienna.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

When first released, it had NT kernel version 6.1 build 7600, which is an improvement from Windows Vista where at first release it had NT kernel 6.0 build 6000.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 7 released on October 22, 2009, has new security and features, including: Jump List, Taskbar that opens programs with a small display, Windows Media Player 12, Internet Explorer 8, and others.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Some unique features are the Sidebar which is renamed Gadget and is free to put everywhere on the desktop (unlike the Sidebar which can only be placed in a certain place).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

That feature makes Windows 7 interesting.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 7 specs are lighter and they are also cheaper than Windows Vista.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Just like Windows Vista, Windows 7 is also available in 6 editions namely: Windows 7 Starter Windows 7 Home Basic Windows 7 Home Premium Windows 7 Professional Windows 7 Ultimate Windows 7 Enterprise Windows 8 Development started before Windows 7 launched in 2009.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

On September 13, 2011, build 8102 (Windows 8 Developer Preview) was released to the public.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This build is fully open for the first time and features a new Start Screen, a Metro user interface and a number of application samples made by interns at Microsoft.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

On February 29, 2012, Microsoft launched Windows 8 Consumer Preview, a beta version of Windows 8, build 8250.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

For the first time since Windows 95, the Start button no longer appears in the taskbar, although its Start screen still has to be opened by clicking on the lower left corner of the screen and the Start button in the Charm box.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

On August 1, 2012, Windows 8 (build 9200) was released with build number 6.2.9200.16384.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft held a launch event on October 25, 2012 and launched Windows 8 to the public the following day.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Features: Windows 8 UI application design, which can be made from any programming language, such as: HTML/CSS, JavaScript, C, C++, C#, etc.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Loss of the Start button (replaced by Start Screen and Charms).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The loss of the start button on the desktop Compatible with Intel, AMD, and ARM architectures (in particular tablets).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Compatible with low-specification devices such as Tablets, Laptops, Netbooks, even Portable Smartphones on USB (Windows To Go).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Explorer uses ribbons such as Office 2010 & 2007, also renamed 'File Explorer.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Hybrid Boot, a feature to speed up start-up time by storing Windows core memory into the hard disk and loading it each boot.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

New return, Refresh and Reset feature.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Refresh will restore all Windows files to their initial state without changing Windows 8 UI settings, files, or applications.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The reset will return the computer to the manufacturer's standard condition.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

New design of Windows Task Manager.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Easy activation process.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Introduction of Lock Screen (Lock Screen).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows Store, as a place to buy or install Windows 8 UI applications.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

A new cloud storage media app called Skydrive.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

An antivirus that is already integrated with Windows Defender.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

A wide selection of log-in types, namely Microsoft/Local account passwords, image passwords, and PINs.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Edition: Windows 8 Windows 8 is the standard edition of Windows for the IA-32 and x64 architectures.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

The documantation obtained from the ImageX tool and Paul Thurrott's book in Windows 8 also mentions this version as “Core”.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This edition carries the features shown for home users and delivers all the standard features of Windows 8 such as Start Screen, Live tiles, Windows Store, Internet Explorer 10, and others.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 8 Pro Windows 8 Pro is comparable to Windows 7 Professional and Ultimate and is shown to advanced users or advanced home users (with Windows Media Center though having to buy it again).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Additional features include the ability to receive Remote Desktop connections, partake in Windows Server Domains, System File Encryption, Hyper-V, Virtual Hard Disk loading, Group Policy, BitLocker and BitLocker To Go.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 8 Enterprise Windows 8 Enterprise provides all features in Windows 8 Pro (except the ability to install Windows Media Center), with additional features to help IT organizations (see table below).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This edition is available to Software Assurance users or MSDN and TechNet Professional subscribers, and was released August 16, 2012.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows RT Windows RT will only be available installed on ARM-based devices such as KP tablets.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows RT will be packaged with a touch-optimized version of the desktop version of Microsoft Office 2013 Home and Student (Microsoft Office RT 2013) containing Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote, and supports device encryption capabilities.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Some office features such as Group Policy and domain support are not supported.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 8.1 The next release after Windows 8 was Windows 8.1, previously known as Blue.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

On June 26, 2013, build 9431 (Windows 8.1 Free Preview) was released to the public.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

This build is fully open for the first time and comes with a new Start button, booting directly into de LAE DEMMA sktop, an enhanced lock screen and a host of new Metro apps.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

On August 27, 2013, Windows 8.1 (build 9600) was released with build number 6.3.9600.16384.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Microsoft held a launch event on October 17, 2013 and launched Windows 8.1 to the public the following day.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Features: New standard applications: Calculator (Modern UI), Alarm, Sound Recorder, Reading List, Food & Drink, Help & Tips, and a File Manager based on Modern UI (fused together SkyDrive Modern UI application).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Return Start button on windows and Loss of Messaging application.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Integrates with Internet Explorer 11 (Preview).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

PC Settings, encapsulates the settings of Control Panel (Modern UI based).


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows PowerShell v40: a number of new commands to manage Start Screen, Windows Defender, etc.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Windows 2.0 Store: New and more flexible look, automatically updating applications.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Boot to desktop: Windows 8.1 can boot directly to the desktop without having to Start Screen.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Start Screen Background: Background colors and Patterns on Windows 8 Start Screen can be set at will, can even be likened to desktop.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Search Heroes: In Windows 8, we can only search applications, settings, and files.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In Windows 8.1, in addition to searching for applications, settings, and files, we can also search for famous people, artists, cities, or anything else; because Windows 8.1 search is already integrated with the internet via Bing.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Flexible multitugas: In Windows 8, we can only run 2 applications at the same time.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

In Windows 8.1, we can run 3 or 4 applications simultaneously, depending on the screen size.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Flexible Start Screen: Customization is more flexible, sipping, sticking, removing, and resizing application tiles easier.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

New View File Explorer: Library (Library) was hidden by default (but became one under This PC) and the Computer changed its name to This PC.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Just like Windows 8, Windows 8.1 is also available in 4 editions namely: Windows 8.1 Windows 8.1 Pro Windows 8.1 Enterprise Windows RT 8.1 Windows 10 Windows 10 is the upcoming release of the Microsoft Windows operating system.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

Introduced on September 30, 2014, it was released on July 29, 2015.


Question: How much does Video Graphics Array cost

History of Microsoft Windows

History of Microsoft Operating Systems Movements of MS-DOS versions MS-DOS and PC-DOS Windows 95 (MS-DOS 7.0) Windows 95 OEM Service Release 2.x, Windows 98 (MS-DOS 7.1) Windows ME (MS-DOS 8.0) Movements of home-class Windows 1.0 Windows 2.0 Windows 286/2.1 and 386/2.1 Windows 3.0, Windows 3.1, Windows 3.1 for Workgroups, Windows 3.11, Windows 3.11 for Workgroups (WfW) Windows 95 (Windows 4.0) Windows 98 (Windows 4.1) Windows Millennium Edition (Windows 4.9) Movement of Microsoft/IBM OS/2 OS/2 1.0 OS/2 1.1 OS/2 1.1 OS/2 1.2 OS/2 1.3 Movements of Microsoft versions based on Windows NT Windows NT 3.1 Windows NT 3.5 Windows NT 3.51 Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000 (Windows NT 5.0) Windows XP and Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs (Windows NT 5.1) Windows Server 2003, Windows XP 64-bit Edition 2003, and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition (Windows NT 5.2) Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 (Windows NT 6.0) Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 (Windows NT 6.1) Windows 8, Windows RT, and Windows Server 2012 (Windows NT 6.2) Windows 8.1, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 R2 (Windows NT 6.3) Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 (Windows NT 10.0) Windows History in a Line Time (Timeline) Reference Category:Windows Windows


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Jamu is a traditional medicine from Indonesia.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Later popular with herbaceous or herbal designations.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Herbs are made from natural ingredients, in the form of parts of plants such as rhizomes (roots), leaves, stem bark, and fruit.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

There is also use of material from the animal's body, such as goat bile, snake bile, or crocodile shearing.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Often the yolk of the chicken egg is also used for additional mixture in herbs.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Herbs usually taste bitter so it is necessary to add honey as a sweetener so that it tastes more tolerable for drinkers.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

There are even medicinal herbs supplemented with wine.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

In addition to being a reduction in bitter taste, wine also serves to warm the body.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Sukoharjo Regency [1] is a center for selling traditional herbal medicine that is quite known in Indonesia.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Sukoharjo Regency is one of the districts included in Central Java Province.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

From the number of traditional herbal medicine traders in Sukoharjo Regency, the identity statue of Sukoharjo is the statue of Jamu Gendong in Bulakrejo.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Commonly called the statue of Jamu Gendong because the statue depicts a farmer and a seller of herbal medicine.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Sukoharjo area, especially Nguter sub-district, is famous as the home area of sellers of herbs in various major cities, such as Jakarta, Bandung, Bogor, Surabaya.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

In various major cities there are professions of herb sellers who go around peddling herbal medicine as a healthy and refreshing drink.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

In addition herbal medicine is also produced in herbal medicine factories by large companies such as Jamu Fountain, Nyonya Meneer or Djamu Djago, and sold in various drugstores in sachet packs.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Such herbs should be dissolved in hot water first before drinking.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

In the next development herbal medicine is also sold in the form of tablets, caplets and capsules.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

The sale of herbal medicine JMPL|left|250px|The seller of herbal medicine is serving herbal medicine.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Traditional herbal medicine is a herbal medicine made from natural ingredients.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

As from herbs are compounded into herbal powders and herbal drinks.Its purpose as health and warmth properties of the body.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

In fact, the area of origin of traditional herbal medicine is unknown.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

However, many peracik and traditional herbal medicine sellers come from Nguter village, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Even in the village of Bulakrejo, Sukoharjo Regency, stands “Statue of Jamu and Farmers” as an icon of Sukoharjo Regency.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

The sale of the types and quantities of herbs is very varied for each peddler.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

It depends on the habits they learn from the experience of what herbs are in demand as well as orders requested by customers.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Every day the amount and type of herbal medicine peddled is not always the same, depending on the habits and needs of the consumer.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

After data collection, information obtained that the types of herbs commonly sold there are eight, namely kencur rice, chilli puyang, kudu laos, keruh key, uyup-uyup/gepyokan, sour kunir, bitteritan, and sinom.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Sometimes sellers of herbal medicine also provide herbal medicine powder or pills and capsules produced by herbal medicine industry.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

If herbal medicine is made using sweeteners, the herbal maker will use sugar, sugar, or rock sugar (large crystalline shapes resembling chunks of stones).


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

The use of real sugar is a must for sellers of herbal medicine on health grounds.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Herbal medicine that uses artificial sweeteners means to violate the rules and deviate from the purpose of making herbal medicine, which is to nourish and maintain health.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Herbal powder packaging or herbal powder made dough lumps are drunk by brewed hot water or with other herbs by the seller of herbal medicine.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Brewing with other herbs is not indiscriminate.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Cough herbs right when mixed with kencur rice herbs.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

Herbal soreness linu is more appropriate mixed with lao kudu, honey, or egg yolk.


Question: When was the herbal drink first made?

Herbal medicine

While sinom herbs or sour kunir mixed with lime as a flavor freshener.