Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Parliamentary elections were freely for the first time held in October 1991. 18 parties gained seats in the new Sejm, but the largest representatives won only 12% of the total vote. [42]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Democratic constitution, joined by NATO and the European Union Between the 1989 general election and the 1993 general election, Polish rule was several times organized by post-Solidarity cabinets before finally being taken over by “postcakomunist” left-wing parties. [43]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

In 1993, the former Northern Group Forces of the Soviet Union, the remnants of the past power, finally lifted a foot from the land of Poland. [38]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

In 1995, Aleksander Kwaśniewski of the Social Democratic Party was elected President of Poland and served for ten years (twice terms). [38]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

In 1997, the new Polish Constitution was finally completed and approved by referendum; this constitution replaced the 1992 Minor Constitution, the amended constitution of the communist state of Poland. [44]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Poland joined NATO in 1999. [45]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Since then anyway, elements of the Polish Armed Forces have been included in the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Poland joined the European Union during the expansion of the European Union in 2004.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Poland's membership in these two organizations marked the integration of the Third Polish Republic with the Western world.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Nonetheless, Poland has not adopted the Euro as the common currency of EU member states.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

See also Description a.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The Piłsudski family was a prominent family in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that was already adapting to Polish culture.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

This family came from the noble circles of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that had been polonized thus making him regard himself as well as people of the same background seemed to himself as legitimate citizens of Lithuania.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

This kind of view puts itself in a position opposite that of modern Lithuanian nationalists (who in Piłsudski's lifetime redefined the scope of meaning of “Lithuanians”), and therefore in opposition to other nationalists as well as the movement of nationalities Modern Poland. [46] q.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

In Poland, the officials of the central government (wojewoda, provincial heads) can overturn the decisions of local chiefs and elected township trustees.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

u.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

According to Jerzy Eisler, about 1.1 million people may have been imprisoned or detained in the period of 1944—1956, and about 50,000 people may have been killed as a result of upheaval and oppression, including about 7,000 warriors of the right-wing underground movement that fell in the 1940s. [47] [48] According to Adam Leszczyński, the total death toll killed by the communist regime in the first few years after the war reached 30,000 lives. [49] v.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

According to Andrzej Stelmachowski, one of the important figures in Poland's systemic transformation, Minister Leszek Balcerowicz wanted to implement very liberal economic policies, so often agonizing the people.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The Statutes of the Sejm on credit service reform in December 1989 introduced a “crazy” system of privileges for banking circles.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The banks were allowed to change the interest rate unilaterally in those contracts already created.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The interest rate was also set too high by the banks bankrupting many companies that were previously able to make a profit and shut down the apartment block construction industry, which in the long run also adversely affected the country's revenue and spending budget.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Balcerowicz's policies also inflicted permanent damage within the Polish agricultural sector, which Balcerowicz “did not understand”, and within the cooperative sector in Poland that was often successful and beneficial to the people. [37] [50] w.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Under the leadership of Władysław Anders, the Polish II Corps participated in the Battle of Monte Cassino in 1944, as part of the Italian Campaign waged by the Allied Parties. [51] x.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

This theory is known as the Piast Idea, the forerunner of this theory is Jan Ludwik Popławski, based on the statement that Piast's hometown was inhabited by people referred to as “indigenous people” of Slavic aborigines and Polish Slavs since antiquity and later “infiltrated” by Kelt's “foreigners”, Germans, and so forth.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

After 1945, these Polish prehistoric mazhabs touted with the term “autoctonyms” or “aborigines” achieved considerable support in Poland.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

According to this madhab of thought, the Lausitz civilization that has been successfully identified by archaeologists in the area between the Oder River and the Wisła River from the beginning of the Iron Age, is said to have been characteristic of Slavs; all non-Slavic tribes and tribes recorded once inhabited the region are considered as the sheer “arrivals” and “visitors”.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

On the other hand, opponents of this theory, such as Marija Gimbutas, consider it a hypothesis without evidence, and for them the dates and regions of origin of the movement of the displacement of the Slavic peoples westward are largely unmapped; the relationship between the Slavs and the Lausitz civilization wholly delusion; and the existence of intermingled tribes and the alternation of the tribes of the inhabitants of the Northern European Plain is considered a reality that has existed since the beginning. [52] y.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Based on the contents of the report of Prime Minister and Minister of Internal Affairs Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski before the Sejm commission in January 1938, 818 people were killed in an attempt to dampen labor protests (industrial and agricultural cultivation) carried out by the police in the period 1932—1937 . [53]


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

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Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The History of Poland.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Greenwood, 2000. 264 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The Cambridge History of Poland, 2 vols., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1941 (1697—1935), 1950 (to 1696).


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

New York: Octagon Books, 1971, old-style but highly detailed Frucht, Richard.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the Fall of Communism Garland Pub., 2000 Oskar Halecki.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

History of Poland, New York: Roy Publishers, 1942.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

New York: Barnes and Noble, 1993, ISBN0-679-51087-7 Kenney, Padraic.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

“After the Blank Spots Are Filled: Recent Perspectives on Modern Poland,” Journal of Modern History Volume 79, Number 1, March 2007 pp. 134—161, Stefan Kieniewicz historiography, History of Poland, Hippocrene Books, 1982, ISBN0-88254-695-3 Kloczowski, Jerzy.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

A History of Polish Christianity.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Cambridge U. Pr., 2000. 385 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Lerski, George J. Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966—1945.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Greenwood, 1996. 750 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Leslie, R. F. et al.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The History of Poland since 1863.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Cambridge U. Press, 1980. 494 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Lewinski-Corwin, Edward Henry.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

The Political History of Poland (1917), many illustrations; 650 hlmn.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Litwin Henryk,, BUM, 2016.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Poland: An Illustrated History, New York: Hippocrene Books, 2000, ISBN0-7818-0757-3 Pogonowski, Iwo Cyprian.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Poland: A Historical Atlas.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Hippocrene, 1987. 321 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Radzilowski, John.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

A Traveller's History of Poland, Northampton, Massachusetts: Interlink Books, 2007, ISBN1-56656-655-X Roos, Hans.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

A History of Modern Poland (1966) Sanford, George.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Historical Dictionary of Poland.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Scarecrow Press, 2003. 291 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Wróbel, Piotr.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Historical Dictionary of Poland, 1945—1996.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Greenwood, 1998. 397 pp.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Published in Polish History of Poland, Aleksander Gieysztor et al. Warsaw: PWN, 1968 History of Poland, Stefan Kieniewicz et al. Warsaw: PWN, 1979 An Outline History of Poland, by Jerzy Topolski.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1986, ISBN83-223-2118-X An Illustrated History of Poland, by Dariusz Banaszak, Tomasz Biber, Maciej Leszczyński.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Warsaw stand?

History of Poland

Poznań: Publicat, 2008, ISBN978-83-245-1587-5 Poland: History of Poland, by Stanisław Kołodziejski, Roman Marcinek, Jakub Polit. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Ryszard Kluszczyński, 2005, 2009, ISBN83-7447-018-6 Film outlinks (online) Miscellaneous Map


Question: Does magnetism include electronegativity?

Boron

Trivalent metaloid elements, boron are plentiful in borax stones.


Question: Does magnetism include electronegativity?

Boron

There are two allotropes of boron; boron amorphus is a brown powder, but metallic boron is black.


Question: Does magnetism include electronegativity?

Boron

The metallic form is hard (9.3 in the Moh scale) and a poor conductor in room temperature.


Question: Does magnetism include electronegativity?

Boron

It has never been found free in nature.


Question: Does magnetism include electronegativity?

Boron

Reference Outside Category:Chemical elements


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Guglielmo Marconi () is an Italian electrical engineer and Nobel prize laureate, best known for developing a cordless telegraphy system known as “radio”.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

He received it with Karl Braun in 1909.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Background Guglielmo Marconi was born in Bologna, Italy on April 25, 1874, the second son of Giuseppe Marconi, a wealthy Italian gentleman and Irish-blooded Annie Jameson.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

He completed his education in Livorno.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Guglielmo Marconi was married to Maria Cristina Bezzi-Scali on 15 June 1927 and had a daughter named Maria Elettra Elena Anna Marconi.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Marconi died on July 20, 1937 in Rome, Italy. ok Life Journey Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) Born in 1874 in Bologna, Italy.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

The inventor of this radio can private education from a teacher.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In 1894 when he was twenty, Marconi read the experiments conducted by Heinrich Hertz a few years earlier.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

These experiments clearly demonstrated the presence of electromagnetic waves invisible to the eye, moving through the air at the speed of sound.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Marconi was then stirred with the idea that this wave could be used to send signs across long distances without passing through the wire which provides many possibilities for the development of communication that cannot be reached by telegrams.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

For example, in this way the news can be sent to a ship in the middle of the sea.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In 1895, only a year of hard work, Marconi managed to manufacture the necessary equipment.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In 1896 he exhibited the tools of his invention in England and obtained his first patent for the invention.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Marconi rushed to set up the company and the first “Marconi” was delivered 1898.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

The next year he was able to send news without passing through the wire across the English Channel.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Although his most important patent was acquired in 1900, Marconi passed on the manufacture and patented many refinements on the basis of his own invention.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In 1901 she successfully sent radio news across the Atlantic Ocean, from England to Newfoundland.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

The significance of his new discovery was dramatically described in 1909 when the ship S.S. Republic was damaged in a collision and sank to the bottom of the sea.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Radio news helped, all passengers could be rescued except six people.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In the same year Marconi succeeded to the Nobel Prize for his discovery.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

And in the following year he managed to send radio news from Ireland to Argentina, a distance of more than 6000 miles.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

All this news was sent through Marconi code system signs.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

As is known, the sound can be sent over the radio, but this can only be done around 1915.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Radio broadcasting on a commercial scale only started in the early 20s, but its popularity and importance grew very quickly.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

An invention whose patents have a high price in itself raises opposition in court.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

However, the likeness of the court's demands disappeared after 1914 when the court recognized Marconi's rights.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In the following year, Marconi conducted also important investigations in the field of shortwave and microwave communications.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

He exhaled last in the Rome of 1937.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

In addition to Marconi being a connoisseur as an inventor, obviously his influence is undoubted in terms of the significance of radio and matters related to it.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Marconi did not invent television.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

However, the invention of the radio is an important road opener for television, because it is worth considering Marconi has a stake in the development of television.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Obviously, communication without wire has a very important meaning in the modern world.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

This is very useful for sending news, for entertainment, for military purposes, for scientific investigation, for police duties, and other purposes.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Although for some things telegrams (which people have discovered more than half a century before) are arguably usable as well, the massive use of radio is absolutely unparalleled.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

He can reach cars, ships in the ocean, planes on air, even spaceships.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Obviously a discovery more important than tilpun because the news sent via tilpun can also be sent via radio, anyway, messages over radio can be sent to places that can not be reached tilpun.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Marconi has a higher order place on this list than Graham Bell solely because communication without wire is a more important invention than tilpun.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

I place Edison slightly higher in this book list than Marconi because of the large number of inventions he has made, even though none of them outperforms the significance of radio.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Since radio and television are only a small part of the practical use of the theoretical work of Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell, it is fair that Marconi should be placed in a slightly lower order than the two men.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Simultaneously, it is also clear that a small number of political figures who have a big influence on the world like Marconi, because it is also worth it to be placed in a position high enough in the order list of this book.


Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

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Guglielmo Marconi

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Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

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Guglielmo Marconi

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Question: When was Guglielmo I born?

Guglielmo Marconi

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. {{subst: #if: |}} [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1874}} || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of birth missing {{subst: #switch: {subst:uc:1937}} ||LIVING =( living people)}} | #default =1874 births}}] [[Category: {subst: #switch: {subst:uc:1937}} || LIVING =Living people | UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of death missing | #default =1937 deaths}}]] Category:Italian inventors Category:Nobel Prize winners in physics Category:Self-taught Category:100 Figures according to Michael H. Hart


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The bull or tembadau (from Javanese, banṭhèng), Bos javanicus, is an animal similar to cows and found in Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Borneo, Java, and Bali.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The bull was brought to Northern Australia during the colonisation of Great Britain in 1849 and is today still sustainable.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

There are three wild bull children: B. javanicus javanicus (in Java, Madura, and Bali), B. javanicus lowi (in Borneo, the man is brown instead of black), and B. javanicus birmanicus (in Indochina).


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The latter breed child is classed as Threatened by the IUCN.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The bull can reach a height of about 1.6m on its shoulders and a body length of 2.3m.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The weight of a male bull is usually around 680 — 810kg — very large males can weigh a ton — while the females are lighter.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The bull has white parts on the lower legs and buttocks, a white hump, and white color around the eyes and muzzle, although there is little sexual dimorphism in these features.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The male bull has blue-black or or dark brown coloured skin, long horns curved upwards, and a hump on the shoulders.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

While, its females have reddish-brown bark, short horns that point inwards and do not hump.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The bull feeds on grass, bamboo, fruits, foliage, and young twigs.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Bull are generally active both night and day, but on areas of human settlements, they adapt as nocturnal animals.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Bull has a tendency to group in flocks numbering from two to thirty dogs.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

In Java, Ujung Kulon National Park, Meru Betiri National Park, West Bali National Park, Alas Purwo National Park and Baluran National Park became the last defenses of this native Southeast Asian animal.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Bull balinese cattle have been domesticated in some areas in Southeast Asia and Australia and are known as bali cattle.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Until 2009 it was estimated that the number in Indonesia reached around 4.5 million dogs.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Bull cattle and feral can mate with each other and the offspring it produces are often fertile (fertile).


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

There are 11 main provinces that have the largest population of Balinese cattle.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The largest population in South Sulawesi, Bali, NTT, NTB, South Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, and Lampung.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Balinese cattle is a genetic resource native to Indonesia, because its wild relatives are in Indonesia.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Balinese cow is a native Indonesian cow that is characteristic - its cirinya is distinctive and different from other cattle nations.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The color of the female cow is red brick, the male is a brick red color that will turn blackish with increasing lifespan.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The discoloration does not appear in castrated bulls.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The legs are white on the underparts, ranging from the tarsus/carpus downwards.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Buttocks are white with clear borders (oval shape).


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

The advantages of Balinese cattle: it has high reproductive efficiency, the meat and carcass are of good quality and the percentage of carcass is high (carcasnya can even reach 57%), Furthermore what is also very interesting is its adaptability to the excellent environment, and no less important is its ability to use a limited source of feed.


Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

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Bull

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Bull

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Bull

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Bull

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Question: What is the name of the world's largest breed of cow?

Bull

Category:Farm Category:Bovidae Category:Protected wildlife in Indonesia


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The nuclear fuel cycle, also referred to as the nuclear fuel chain, is a series of nuclear fuel development processes that go through a series of different stages.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

This cycle consists of several stages, including: the upstream (front end) stage, which is fuel preparation; the stage of the period of use, which is when the fuel is used during the reactor operation; and the downstream (back end) stage, which is the most important stage for managing, storing, either recycle nukes or dispose of spent fuel safely.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

If spent fuel is not recycled, the fuel cycle is categorized as an open fuel cycle (or once-through fuel cycle); if spent fuel is recycled, the cycle is categorized as a closed fuel cycle.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The basic concept of Nuclear energy relies on physil materials that allow chain reactions with neutrons.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some examples of such materials are Uranium (U) and Plutonium (Pu).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Most nuclear reactors use the kinetic energy of neutrons on medium to low scales thus increasing the likelihood of a fission reaction.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Those conditions allow the reactor to use much lower concentrations of physil isotopes compared to the physil isotopes needed for nuclear weapons.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Graphite and heavy water are the most effective moderators, as they can slow neutrons through collisions without absorbing them.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Reactors that use heavy water or graphite as moderators can operate using natural uranium.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium is an energy source with a very large abundance, which is 13,000 TW years.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

By comparison, the abundance of energy from coal is 680 TW year.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Whereas the abundance of energy from oil and gas is 400 TW year.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

As for world energy consumption in 2000 was 14 TW years, and by 2100 it is projected to be about 55 TW years.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

(TW stands for terrawatt, and 1 TW = 1,000,000,000,000 W).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium in the Earth's crust is deposited together with other minerals.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

In order to produce energy efficiently, uranium must be processed through a long and complex series of process stages compared to the processing of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Nonetheless, the portion of the cost of nuclear fuel to the total cost of electricity generation from Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) is realtively small, which is about 20%.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

A light water reactor (Light Water Reactor/LWR) uses water as in nature, and requires physil isotope fuel enriched to higher concentrations.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Specifically, this reactor uses uranium enriched to 3— 5% content of the uncommon isotope U-235, the only physil isotope found in significant quantities in nature.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

One alternative to the use of low-enriched uranium fuel (low-enriched uranium/LEU) is mixed oxide fuel (mix oxide/MOX) resulting from mixing plutonium with natural uranium or depleted uranium.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

This type of fuel gave way to the use of weapons-grade plutonium in abundant quantities.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Other types of MOX fuel include the mixing of LEU with thorium which produces the physil isotope U-233.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Both plutonium and U-233 are produced from the absorption of neutrons by irradiated fertile material inside the reactor, under certain circumstances generally the isotope U-238 can be separated from uranium and thorium spent fuel from thorium spent fuel inside the recycling plant.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some reactors do not use moderators to slow neutrons.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Like nuclear weapons, which do not use moderators or also called fast neutrons (fast neutrons), those fast neutron reactors require much higher concentrations of physil isotopes with the aim of producing a chain reaction.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Those reactors are also capable of breeding physil isotopes derived from fertile material; a breeding reactor is one of the reactors that produces more physil material than it consumes.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

During nuclear reactions inside the reactor, physil isotopes in nuclear fuel are consumed, producing more and more fission products, especially those categorized as radioactive waste.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The formation of fission products and the consumption of physil isotopes will eventually stop the nuclear reaction thus causing the fuel to become used fuel. type a sum of 3% enriched LEU fuel used, used nuclear fuel specifically contains approximately 1% U-235, 95% U -238, 1% plutonium and 3% other fission products.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Spent fuel and other high levels of radioactive waste are extremely dangerous, although nuclear reactions produce relatively small volumes of waste compared to other power plants due to the large energy density of nuclear fuel.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Safety management of these nuclear energy side products, including their storage and disposal, is a difficult issue for a country that uses nuclear energy.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The Stages cycle starts from mining and milling uranium ore to obtaining uranium concentrate.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The next stages of the process are purification and conversion, enrichment or increase of U-235 levels in uranium, and fabrication of nuclear fuel devices according to the type of reactor.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

All stages from mining to fabrication of fuel devices are called the front endor “front end” of the nuclear fuel cycle.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium fuel that has been used up for energy generation is called spent fuel or “spent fuel” which will go through several stages of management after removal from the reactor terrace.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The useful life of nuclear fuel in the reactor is between 3 — 6 years.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Management of spent fuel includes: temporary storage, rework and recycling processes, and is ultimately handled as high activity waste.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

These stages are referred to as the rear endor “back end” of the nuclear fuel cycle.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The process of reprocessing and recycling spent nuclear fuel is an option.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Nuclear fuel cycles that do not implement reworking and recycling processes on the rear end are called open fuel cycles or “open fuel cycles”.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

While the nuclear fuel cycle that implements the process of reworking and recycling spent fuel is called closed fuel cycle or “closed fuel cycle”.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The closed nuclear fuel cycle through the recycling of spent fuel without going through the plutonium separation process has become a major option for future development of nuclear energy systems.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium Mining and Milling can be mined through open cut and tunnel techniques (underground) depending on the depth of the uranium rock found.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

For example the Ranger uranium mine is an open-pit mine while Olympic Dam is an underground mine (it also produces copper, gold and silver).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Both uranium mines are in Australia which is the country with the largest low-cost category uranium reserves in the world.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Mining uranium ore is subsequently shipped to an ore processing plant that is generally near the mine.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

At this plant, uranium ore is mechanically destroyed, and then uranium is separated from other minerals through a chemical process using a solution of sulfuric acid.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The end result of this process takes the form of uranium oxide concentrate (U3O8) often called yellow cake or “Yellow Cake”, although in many ways it is browned.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some uranium mines in Australia, the United States, and Kazakhstan use In Situ Leaching (ISL) to extract uranium directly from rocks in the soil and bring it to the surface in the form of uranium-rich solutions, which are then deposited and dried into solids uranium oxide.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

This technique is mainly used to extract uranium contained in rocks in the soil which is not economical when done with conventional techniques.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

U3O8 is a commercial product that is sold and purchased in the world market.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The ten main countries of uranium processing are Canada, Australia, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Russia, Namibia, South Africa, Ukraine, the United States, and Uzbekistan.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Canada and Australia produce uranium at nearly 50% of total world production.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Roughly speaking, it would take about 200 tons of uranium for a 1000 MWe power reactor to be capable of operating for 1 year.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Right now world demand for uranium is relatively stable, which is about 65000 tonnes/year.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Conversion The next stage for the manufacture of nuclear fuel is the process of purification and conversion of Yellow Cake into nuclear-degree uranium dioxide (UO2) powder.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

This UO2 is then converted again into the gas form of uranium hexafluoride (UF6).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

For nuclear reactors using natural uranium fuel, that is, reactors capable of producing chain fission reactions with natural uranium fuel containing only 0.7% U-235, Yellow Cake conversion UO2 powder can be directly sent to nuclear fuel plant for processing to be a nuclear burn device ready for use inside the reactor.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

As for nuclear reactors that are only capable of producing chain fission reactions with enriched uranium fuel, UO2 powder resulting from Yellow Cake conversion process needs to be converted to UF6 gaseous form as enrichment process feed (process of increasing levels of U-235 in uranium fuel).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The conversion of UO2 to UF6 is carried out in two steps of the process.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

First is to react UO2 with anhydrous acid HF until it becomes uranium tetrafluoride (UF4).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Then UF4 is reacted with F2 gas so that UF6 forms.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The main countries operating commercial plant Yellow Cake conversion—UF6 are Canada, France, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Russia.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some countries such as China, India, Aragentina, and Romania also operate conversion factories but only limited to meet the needs of their own country.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The majority of NPP enrichment now operating and under construction requires enriched uranium as fuel.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium enrichment is the process of increasing the levels of U-235 in uranium fuel from 0.7% (the level of U-235 in natural uranium) to about 3— 5% or more.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The enrichment process disposes about 85% of U-238 through the process of splitting UF6 gas into two streams, i.e. one stream is enriched uranium and will be used by fuel fabrication process feed.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

While other streams are waste streams or “tailings” in the form of poor uranium flow U-235 which is referred to as uranium depletion (U-235 grade less than 0.25%).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

There are two methods commercially used for the uranium enrichment process, namely the gaseous diffusion method and the gas centrifugation method.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

These two methods basically use the same principle, which is the difference in weight between the U-238 atom and the U-235 atom.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

At diffusion method enrichment, UF6gas is flowed to a porous membrane.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Therefore, it is lighter then U-235 atoms will diffuse or move faster than U-238 atoms, so UF6 gas that escapes the membrane will contain U-235 more.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

To achieve an enrichment rate of U-235 between 3— 5%, approximately 1400 repetitions of the process are required.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

So this method is very wasteful of energy, it will consume approximately 3—4% of the electrical energy it raises.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

At enrichment centrifugation method, UF6 gas is rotated at high angular velocity in a long, slender tube (1—2 m long, 15—20 cm in diameter).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Centrifugal force will throw the heavier isotope U-238 away from the center of rotation, while the lighter isotope U-235 will be concentrated at the center of rotation.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The gas centrifugation method is more energy efficient and can be built with smaller units than the gaseous diffusion method, so this method is more economical and commercially fast developing.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The world's uranium enrichment plants were first built in the United States by the gaseous diffusion method.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some modern enrichment plants located in Europe (France, England, Germany, the Netherlands) and Russia use the gas centrifugation method.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Other countries operating commercial uranium enrichment plants are Japan, China, Argentina, and Brazil.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some NPP types, notably the Candu NPP in Canada and early generation NPP with gas-cooled reactors in the UK do not require enriched uranium fuel.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Fuel Fabrication Fuel fabrication or nuclear fuel device begins with the process of converting UF6which has been enriched (enrichment plant output) into uranium dioxide (UO2) powder which is then formed into cylindrical pills (pellets) through pressing and passed on with roasting in an atmosphere of hydrogen gas at high temperatures (1700 oC) to freeze tight and strong ceramic UO2berdegree pellets.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

UO2 pellets that meet the quality requirements are then put into a sleeve of zirconium alloy material (zircalloy).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

After the two ends of the sleeve are closed and welded, the fuel rod (fuel rod) is arranged to form a fuel assembly.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The 1000 MWe PWR terrace contains about 160 burn devices.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The total fuel rods used reached 42000 pieces.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Each fuel rod roughly contains 300 — 370 UO2 pellets of which each pellet weighs 6 — 7 grams.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The largest PWR fuel device plants in the world include Westinghouse — USA with a production capacity of 1600 tons/year, Global Nuclear Fuel — Americas with a production capacity of 1200 tons/year, Ulba — Kazakhstan with a production capacity of 2000 tons/year, TVEL Elektrosal — Russia with a capacity of production 1020 tons/year, TVEL Novosibirsk — Russia with a production capacity of 1000 tons/year, and FBFC — France with a production capacity of 820 tons/year.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Other countries operating NPP that also produce fuel numeracy are Japan, South Korea, China, India, Argentina, Brazil, United Kingdom (UK), etc.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Nuclear Reactor After the fabrication process, the nuclear fuel device is inserted into the reactor patio.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

It is this arrangement of the fuel assembly that forms the structure of the reactor core or porch (reactor core).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

A PWR-type NPP with a power of 1000 MW of electricity (MWe) contains about 75 tonnes of slightly enriched uranium.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Within the reactor terrace, U-235 undergoes a fission reaction and generates heat in a continuous process called a chain fission reaction.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The continuity of this process relies heavily on moderators such as water or graphite, and is fully controlled using control rods.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Inside the reactor terrace, a certain amount of U-238 will absorb neutrons from the fission reaction and transform into plutonium (Pu-239).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Half of the plutonium produced also undergoes a fission reaction and produces one-third of the total energy of the reactor.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

To maintain reactor performance, about one-third of the fuel used inside the porch must be replaced with new fuel every one year or every 18 months.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Temporary Storage of Spent Fuel is highly radioactive as well as giving off a lot of heat.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

For safe and safe handling, fresh spent fuel from the reactor is stored in a special pool located near the reactor to lower heat as well as radioactivity.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The water in the pool serves as a barrier against radiation and heat transfer from spent burnt chapters.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Spent fuel can be stored in storage pools for a long time (up to fifty years or more), before finally being reprocessed or sent to final disposal as waste (sustainable storage).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Alternatively, once the level of radioactivity and heat emitting of spent fuel decreases dramatically, the spent fuel can be removed from the storage pool and further stored in a dry manner.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Quite inexpensive radiation shielding and maintenance-free natural cooling, make this way an attractive option.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Reprocessing (Reworking) Spent fuel still contains about 96% (480 kg) of uranium with U-235 physil material content less than 1%.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Then 3% (15 kg) of spent fuel is in the form of fission products that can be categorized as high-activity waste, and the remaining 1% (5 kg) in the form of plutonium (Pu) produced as long as the fuel is in the reactor and is not subject to combustion.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Separation of uranium and plutonium from fission products is accomplished by cutting the combustion element then dissolving it into the acid.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Uranium obtained from this separation process could be converted back into uranium hexaflourida for later enrichment.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

As for the plutonium obtained it can be mixed with enriched uranium to produce MOX (Mixed Oxide) fuel.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Existing commercial MOX fuel plants in the world are Belgium, France, Germany, UK, Russia, Japan, China, and India.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The United States does not rework the spent fuel of existing commercial NPP in its country.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Until now the United States adheres to an open cycle system or “open cycle”.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Some PWRs in the world especially in Europe have used this MOX fuel although its nature is still partial, which is 20— 30% of the fuel on the terrace.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Japan in the near future plans to load one third of its 54 PLTNs with MOX fuel.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The 3% high radioactive waste produced from the reprocessing process is fission products which amount to about 750 kg per year from 1000 MWe power reactor.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

This waste is initially stored in liquid form to then solidify.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The process of reprocessing spent fuel is carried out at facilities in Europe and Russia with a capacity of 5000 tons per year, and the total production for almost 40 years has reached about 90000 tons.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Vitrification High radioactivity waste from the reprocessing process can be calcined (heated at a very high temperature) so that it becomes a dry powder that is then fed into borosilicate (pyrex) for immobilization of waste.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The glass material is then poured into stainless steel tubes, each as much as 400 kg of glass waste.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

The operation of the 1000 MWe reactor for one year will produce such glass waste as much as 5 tons or about 12 stainless tubes 1.3 meters high and 0.4 meters in diameter.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

After being provided with appropriate radiation protection, this already processed waste is then transported to the waste storage site.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Until now, the rear end or “back end” part nuclear fuel cycle has only come to this stage.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Final disposal of high-radioactivity waste or final disposal of unretreated (open cycle) spent fuel, is still not carried out.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Sewage End Disposal The final disposal of waste is in principle the sustainable storage of high radioactivity waste that has been gelasified and sealed in stainless steel tubes, and also sustainable storage of spent fuel that has gone through sufficient cooling process and has sealed in a container or “canister” made of corrosion-resistant metals such as copper or stainless steel.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

It is generally acceptable that the waste is planned to be buried in stable rocks in the soil with a depth of not less than 500 m in the bedrock (bed rock).


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Most countries plan to carry out sustainable storage of spent fuel after 2010.


Question: is uranium human-consumable?

Nuclear fuel cycle

Category:Nuclear


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

A ferry or crossing boat is a close-range transport vessel. jmpl|ka|Amsterdam Ferries has an important role in the transportation system for many coastal cities, making direct transit between both destinations at a smaller cost than a bridge or tunnels.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Pedestrian ferries with many stops, such as in Venice, are sometimes recognized as water buses or water taxis.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Types A wide variety of water vehicles are used as ferries, depending on the distance traveled, the capacity of the vessel, the speed required and the state of the water to be traversed.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Ferries at Kalijapat Ancol, Jakarta Double end The double-end ferry has an exchangeable front and rear section, so this ferry can sail back and forth without having to turn.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Notable double-end ferries include the Staten Island Ferry, the Washington state Ferry, the Star Ferry.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

In 2008, BC Ferries launched the three largest double-end ferries in the world.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Hydrofoil Hydrofoils are used because of their advantages to drive at high speeds, replacing hovercraft.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Hydrofoil has also proven to be a practical, easy, fast and economical solution.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

The Hovercraft Hovercraft was developed in the 1960s and 1970s to carry cars.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

The largest is SR.N4.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

The hovercraft was replaced by catamarans that were almost as fast but were more unaffected by the state of the sea and weather.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Catamarans Catamarans are usually connected by high speed ferries.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

The Stena Line operates the world's largest catamarans, the Stena HSS class, between the United Kingdom and Ireland.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

The water jet vehicle can accommodate 375 passenger vehicles and 1,500 passengers.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Other examples of catamarans are Britani Ferries with Normandie Express and Normandie Vitesse.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Ro-ro JMPL|Lorries preparing to unload from the Pont-Aven.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

The Brittany Ferries Flagship.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Roll-on/roll-off ferries are large, conventional ferries where vehicles can exit in easily.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Cable ferries For a short distance can be used cable ferries, where ferries are funicular and controlled by means of wires that are spliced on both sides.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Sometimes cable ferries are driven using human power.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

A current ferry is a cable ferry that uses the power of the current as an energy source.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Chain ferries can be used on streams that flow rate at short distances.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Turning table-turn ferries This type of ferry has a rotatable platform for loading vehicles.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Train ferry A train ferry is a ship designed to carry trains, usually having rail tracks.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

Ferries are often docked in specially made places to lay ships quickly and for easy subsidence and replenishment, known as ferry slips.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

If the ferry carries vehicles or trains, there is usually a bridge (ramp) called an apron that is part of the slip.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

In other cases, the apron bridge is part rather than the ferry itself.


Question: Ferry boat started to be used in Indonesia?

Ferry

See also Passenger Ship Ro-Ro Ferry


Question: What is the currency of the country of Iraq?

Iraqi Dinar

The dinar (Arabic pronunciation: [diːˈnːr]) (Arabic: دينار, [(sign: د.ع; code: IQD) is the currency of Iraq.


Question: What is the currency of the country of Iraq?

Iraqi Dinar

The currency is issued by the Central Bank of Iraq and is divided in 1,000 fil (فلس), although inflation is sinking the value of fil since 1990.


Question: What is the currency of the country of Iraq?

Iraqi Dinar

Reference Outside links Category:Currencies in Iraq


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

There are more than 300 ethnic groups or tribes in Indonesia, [1] or precisely 1,340 tribes according to the census of BPS in 2010. [2]


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

The Javanese are the largest tribal group in Indonesia with numbers reaching 41% of the total population.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Javanese people mostly gather on the island of Java, but millions of people have transmigrated and dispersed to various islands in the archipelago [3] even migrated abroad such as to Malaysia and Suriname.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Sundanese, Batak Tribe, and Madura Tribe are the next largest groups in the country. [4]


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Many remote tribes, especially in Borneo and Papua, have small populations of only hundreds.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Most regional languages fall into the Austronesian language group, however, a large number of tribes in Papua belong to the Papuan or Melanesian language groups.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

The division of tribal groups in Indonesia is not absolute and unclear due to population displacement, cultural mix, and influence each other; for example some parties argue Cirebon people are a tribe with a special dialect, while others argue that the Cirebon people are their own tribe with a special dialect, while other parties argue that the people of Cirebon that they are merely subetniks of the Javanese tribe as a whole.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Similarly the Baduy tribe and the Banten tribe who while parties consider them as part of the whole Sundanese tribe.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Another example of the mix of tribes is the Betawi tribe which is the result of mixing various tribes from the archipelago and Chinese and Arabs who came and lived in Batavia during the colonial era.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

The proportion of the population of the number of tribes in Indonesia according to the 2010 census as follows: [5] Small groups Various regions in Indonesia have indigenous tribes or indigenous tribes inhabiting their ancestral lands since time immemorial.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

However, because of the flow of population displacement driven by the culture of the rampant, or the transmigration program initiated by the government, many places in Indonesia are inhabited by tribes who live outside their traditional tribal areas.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Some tribes according to the island of Java: Javanese Tribe [including Bawean Tribe, Tengger Tribe, Osing Tribe and others], Sundanese Tribe [including Baduy Tribe], Banten Tribe, Cirebon Tribe, Betawi Tribe, Arab Tribe, Chinese Tribe, and Madura Indian Tribe: Sumatran Madura Tribe: Malay Tribe, Batak Tribe consisting 8 Tribe, Minangkabau Tribe, Aceh Tribe, Lampung Tribe, and Kubu Kalimantan: Dayak tribe consisting 268 tribes, Banjar tribe, Kutai tribe, Berau tribe, Sulawesi Bajau tribe: Makassar tribe, Bugis tribe, Mandar tribe, Tolaki tribe, Minahasa tribe consisting of 8 tribes, Gorontalo tribe, Tribe Toraja Lesser Sunda Islands: Balinese Tribe, Sasak Tribe, Flores Tribe, Sumba Tribe, Sumbawa Tribe, Timor Maluku Tribe: Ambon Tribe, Nuaulu Tribe, Manusela Tribe, Wemale Tribe, Tanimbar tribe Papua - Papuan tribe consists of 466 tribes among them: Dani Tribe, Bauzi Tribe, Asmat Tribe Dutch East Indies A small number of Indians, Arabs, and Chinese have come and inhabited several places in the archipelago since time immemorial in ancient royal times.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

However, the wave of immigration grew rapidly during the colonial period.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Formed a group of tribal peoples who mainly live in urban areas and formed during the colonial Dutch East Indies, which are classified as foreign Eastern groups; such as Chinese, Arab, and Indian descent; as well as Indo or Eurasian peoples, namely a mix of Indonesian and European people.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Residents of colonial Indo descent were diminished in Indonesia due to World War II and the Indonesian Independence Revolution.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Most emigrate or repatriate abroad such as to the Netherlands or another country.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

The most significant minority of Chinese people — The most significant ethnic ethnic minority in Indonesia is this ethnicity.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

The Chinese began to inhabit Indonesia since the 15th century with significant waves in the 18th and 19th centuries.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Most Chinese are concentrated in an area named 'Chinatown' (Chinatown) in several Indonesian provinces such as Jakarta, North Sumatra, Central Java, East Java, Riau Islands, and West Kalimantan.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Arab — Historically, the arrival of Arabs in Indonesia to spread the religion of Islam.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Many are assimilated to local ethnicities such as Betawi, Malay, Acehnese, Minangkabau, Javanese, and Sundanese; however, some cities in Indonesia have significant Arab populations preserving their culture and identity, referred to as 'Kampung Arabs'.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

This area is spread throughout cities in Indonesia, significant numbers can be found in Medan, Banda Aceh, Padang, Jakarta, Semarang, Surabaya, Gresik, Banyuwangi, and many other coastal cities in Indonesia.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

India — Indians have also settled in Indonesia (mainly Tamil and Punjabi); however, not as large as Chinese and Arabs.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Concentrated in urban centers with significant numbers, such as Pasar Baru in Jakarta and Kampung Keling (now Kampung Madras) in Medan.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

This significant area of India was named 'Little India'.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Indo — From mixed ancestry between ethnicity in Indonesia with European ancestry (mainly Dutch), they emerged during the Hindian-Dutch period.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

During the colonial period, their numbers were larger, but since Indonesian independence, most of them chose to go to the Netherlands.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Indo people dwindled in number as an ethnic group since the great emigration from Indonesia after World War II.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Pakistani — This ethnicity is also known as Khoja, Koja, Kujo, and Tambol.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Koja people generally come from Cutch, Kathiawar, and Gujarat areas, India who are Islamic, but they prefer Pakistan rather than India due to religious factors.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

They came from the Knights caste.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

In the beginning, the Pakistanis went to Indonesia for the purposes of trading and spreading Islam, but over time it was at home and chose to live and family in Indonesia.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

In Indonesia a significant area of ethnic Pakistanis is named 'Pekojan'.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Japanese — Japanese have migrated to Indonesia since the days of Hindian-Dutch colonization; however, after their defeat in World War II, their numbers declined, leaving a small number of former Japanese soldiers still living in Indonesia and becoming Indonesian citizens.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

The recent development of the Japanese population in Indonesia has been driven by an increase in Japanese business and investment in Indonesia since the 1970s and most are expatriates who still retain their Japanese citizenship.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

A large number of Japanese expatriates live in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta and Bali.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Korea — The existence of Koreans in Indonesia has actually lasted quite a long time.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

There is one of the main figures of the Indonesian independence movement, is Komarudin (Korean name: Yang Chil-seong; Korean:; Hanja:) who is ethnic Korean.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

However, they are the newest ethnic group in Indonesia.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Most are driven by increased Korean business and investment in Indonesia and most are expatriates who still retain their Korean citizenship.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

Ethnic Koreans are concentrated in a region named 'Koreatown' in some areas in Indonesia such as Jakarta.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

See also Demographics Indonesia List of tribes in Indonesia List of tribes in Indonesia by province Reference Links outside Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the name of the indigenous tribe that inhabits West Java Province?

Tribes of the nation in Indonesia

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Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held the first time?

Amstel Gold Race

The Amstel Gold Race is a road bicycle race held (mostly) in the southern part of the province of Limburg, Netherlands.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held the first time?

Amstel Gold Race

Since 1989 the race is included in a long single-season calendar, as part of the UCI Road World Cup (1989—2004), UCI ProTour (2005—2010), UCI World Ranking (2009—2010) and since 2011 part of the UCI World Tour.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

This race is the most important bicycle race in the Netherlands.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The name of this race does not directly relate to the river Amstel, which is away from the track, but due to its sponsorship the Amstel squeezing.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The first Racing History, on 30 April 1966, was organized by two Dutch promoters,, Ton Vissers da Herman Krott, who jointly organized a company called Inter Sport.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Vissers was a home decorator and hockey player from Rotterdam who switched to bicycles in 1963 when a friend asked him to tackle a small team on the Tour of Holland.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Whoever was there said he had no expectations as a bicycle racer.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Organisers banned him from racing after he made a reverse turn and came back against the current after hearing a racer had suffered a tyre rupture.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Three years later, in 1966, he became manager of the professional team Willem II which at the time included the winner of the classic bicycle race, Rik van Looy from Belgium.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Krott's background in bike racing is much deeper.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

He opened an auto supply store called Hekro and, because he admired Dutch racing driver Peter Post, he worked as his personal assistant.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

He also worked as a salesman for Amstel.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Together, Krott and Vissers organized small races throughout the Netherlands.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Krott also used his contract at Amstel to start an Amstel professional team and then made it a sponsor to organize an international professional bicycle race bigger than the Netherlands Inter Sport event and promote it ever since.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The first Amstel Gold Race was announced to be held on 30 April 1966, the nasinal day of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

It is planned to start from Amsterdam and follow a 280km circular path towards the east of the country before ending in the south-east at Maastricht.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

It will be awarded a total prize of 10,000 gulden— about €5,000 — of which a fifth will be awarded to the winner.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Conditions started to be a problem from the start.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Krott and Vissers have announced the start, finish and mileage without taking into account the large number of rivers and cornering paths that must be traversed to cross them.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The trajectory will be further than 280km.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The next plan was made to start the race in Utrecht, then relocated in Rotterdam.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The finish was later moved from Maastricht to a not well known village called Meerssen.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Less than three weeks before the start, organisers realized they did not have permission to cross the Moerdijk bridge, the only exit track from Rotterdam heading south.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The route had to be recreated and the start of the race started in Breda in the south.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Trouble is still not over.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Beyond the consideration of permits to the police force that continue to be granted as the route changes, they now face bigger problems.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The Provos, a militant hippie group, have brought the Netherlands as a country of anarchy.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

On another social scale, Dutch citizens also opposed the marriage of the queen's castle, Beatrix, with a German citizen, Claus von Amsberg.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Police authorities are concerned that a race held on the royal family's big day could bring an uprising and possible terror attacks.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

On April 26, Vissers and Krott cancelled their races.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

But there is still a change in conditions.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

A press conference to preview the news only started when the Dutch highways ministry in Den Hagg said that the race could be held after all those troubles— saying that after that the race was not held at the time of Koninginnedag.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The race remained implemented, and there were no serious protests, and the conditions requested by the ministry lost their meaning.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The Amstel Gold Race never started in Amsterdam, Rotterdam or Utrecht and never again started in Breda.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The finish was moved to Maastricht since 1992 and after 1998 the race also started there.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Inter Sport ceased activity in 1970 and Herman Krott organised the race himself until 1995.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

After that the race was taken over by former professional racing driver Leo van Vliet.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The track of the Track changed several times over the years.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

In 2005 the race was conducted almost in its entirety within the boundary of the territory of the Province of Limburg, but there were also several editions covering a significant part of the Belgian territory.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Prior to 2003 the race finish was done in Maastricht.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Since 2003 to 2012 the finish was carried out on the summit from the Cauberg hill, on the territory of the city of Valkenburg.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The final was redesigned at the 2013 edition and the finish line was moved from the summit of Cauberg to Berg en Terblijt, 1.8 kilometres after Cauberg.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The new finish line will reflect the finish used at the 2012 UCI Highway World Championships. [1]


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The race is the biggest professional race in the Netherlands but is often criticized for the level of track danger.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The Netherlands is a heavily populated country and races are held past many settlements in towns and villages.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

With enormous ground pressure, many Dutch residents do not own garages and park their vehicles on the curb.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

There are also gagguans to reduce speed such as shock bands, bends and sleeping police, and other disturbances such as roundabouts and road separators.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Accidents are becoming common at races.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The track is very heavy and selective, especially since there are 31 hills to be climbed, some with precipitous slopes to reach 20% (Keutenberg).


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Amstel can be dizzying for novice racers on the track, as the track consists of many bends, and several points that are passed more than once during the race.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Velonews summarized the race in 2009 as follows: This is a very big race in the Dutch calendar.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

This is the most important sporting event for the Dutch population and the team from the Netherlands is doing its best to dominate the needs, a 258.6km track...


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Held in the Limburg region of the Southern Netherlands, Amstel Gold is often combined with the Flèche and Liège races the following week to create something that fans often refer to as “Ardennes Sunday.”


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Although geographically separated from the nearby Belgian Ardennes, the Limburg region has a similar menu of roads that are short but craggy climbs.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Every race named after a brand of beer is always a big party and tens of thousands of Dutch fans of beer enthusiasts fill the gardens and beer cafes to cheer up the rods that will gamble on the narrow track.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The track starts at the main square in Maastricht and, since 2003, stops at the top of the Cauberg incline that sits above Valkenburg (another big party venue).


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The route map is like a plate of spaghetti, with four laps and after the fourth round runs over craggy climbs.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

An unbroken network of 31 climbs, with one of them Keutenberg inclines with a slope of up to 20 percent. Coupled with narrow roads, strong winds, and crash hazards, Amstel is one of the most nervous races.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The addition of the finish line at Cauberg dramatically stirred the dynamics of the race.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The finish is usually done along the banks of the Maas River, giving the team a chance to regroup and set their sprinter up front to end with a mass sprint.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

[Now a favorite for climbs and hills specialists.] [2] Seeking to explain the difficulty of the track, Peter Easton explained it with mathematical calculations:... applying logic to overcome standard differences is key to understanding this race.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

And here's the truth in numbers.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The first six climbs came in the first 92 km— one every 15.2 km. The remaining 25 were passed at the last 165 km.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

This means one every 6.6 km. When broken down further, the final hour of the race went through eight climbs in 42 km. It now becomes one in every 5.25 km. At 40 km/h that means one every 7.5 minutes.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

Not entirely fun, and this is business. [3]


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held first?

Amstel Gold Race

The current hills (as of 2012) in the Amstel Gold Race are: [4] Graat Reference, John (April 16, 2005).


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held the first time?

Amstel Gold Race

De Gold Race is allang geen 'poenkoers' meer.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held the first time?

Amstel Gold Race

Trouw (newspaper), p.21.


Question: On what day was the Amstel Gold Race held the first time?

Amstel Gold Race

Outlinks at Cycling Archives Category:UCI World Tour Category:Classic bicycle racing


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Hendra Gunawan () is a painter and sculptor born to a couple named Raden Prawiranegara and his mother named Raden Odah Tejaningsih.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Since he was in elementary school has been diligently learning to take all kinds of around him such as fruits, flowers, puppets (golek and leather) and movie stars.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Even when sitting in his 7th grade, he was able to paint natural scenery.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

He started seriously studying painting as a junior high school Pasundan.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

At first in the painter of a Wahdi Sumanta scenery painter, Abdullah Suriosubroto (Basuki Abdullah's father).


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Later met and became acquainted with Affandi, Sudarso, and Barli.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

They then formed a group of Five.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In the house where Affandi lived they held painting exercises together diligently and profoundly.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

From Wahdi, he delved heavily into knowledge of painting.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

His activities were not just painting, but in his leisure time he put himself in Sundanese skits group as a decor painter.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

From that experience, he honed his skills.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

His meeting with Affandi was a phase and source of inspiration of his life's path to becoming a painter.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Based on sincere and great intentions, he ventured to step forward.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

With pencils, papers, canvases and paints he began to work.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

The community of his association supported and continued to encourage him to develop.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

His courage was seen when he formed Sanggar Pusaka Sunda in the 1940s with Bandung painters and held exhibitions together several times.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In 1938 Hendra Gunawan learned to make sculptures self-taught.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

During the Japanese period, actively mentoring young men interested in painting and sculpture, in addition to actively organizing art activities within the People's Power Center (PUTERA) under the leadership of Tiga Serangkai: Soekarno, Moh.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Hatta and K. H. Mas Mansyur.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Through this activity Hendra Gunawan and his friends painted a lot in various corners including in forbidden places such as Fish Market, Tanjung Priok and Cirebon Port.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

The revolution broke out, Hendra joined the fight.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

For him between painting and fighting is just as important.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

His experience on the struggle front gave much inspiration to him.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

It was from here that were born the revolutionary works of Hendra painting.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Painting Bride of the Revolution, touted as a masterpiece with a large canvas size, interesting thematics and colors evocative of fighting spirit.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Nuances of cheerfulness became the focus in the exposure of his paintings.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

After the proclamation of independence Hendra Gunawan made posters of the struggle and the concepts were sent by the Indonesian Youth Force from the headquarters of Jl. Menteng Raya 31 Jakarta (now Gedung Juang]]).


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In 1945 it was also she founded Painters Front with Barli, Abedy, Sudjana Kerton Kustiwa Suparto and Turkandi they were active in painting direct battles on the leading fronts in addition to making production struggle for the whole of West Java.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In 1946, he first organized a solo exhibition and displayed his revolutionary painting work at the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) Building on Jl. Malioboro, Yogyakarta.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

This exhibition was sponsored and opened by Soekarno, is the first painting exhibition since the establishment of the Indonesian government.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In 1947, he together with Affandi, Sudarso, Kusnadi, Trubus, Sutioso, and others founded the Folk Painters studio.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

From this studio many spawned quite calculated painters such as Fajar Sidik and G. Sidharta.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In addition to painting, sculpting is also part of his daily life. 1948 had studied for 3 months at A.C. Nix Bandung Printing and also illustrated the book De Bousren Oorlogkarya Dr. Douwes Dekker whose manuscripts were smuggled from South Africa.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In 1950 made a statue of General Sudirman in the courtyard of the Yogyakarta Parliament building which is the first stone statue after Prambanan.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In the same year with Affandi, S. Sudjojono, Jayeng Asmoro, Indro Sugondo, Surono, Abdul Katamsi Kusnadi Sindu Suarno, Setioso, Sri Murton and others established the Indonesian Academy of Fine Arts (ASRI) in Yogyakarta.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In 1951, 1953 made Muda Tugu Statue in Semarang and Erlangga Statue in Surabaya.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

His 2nd solo exhibition was conducted at Hotel Des Indes Jakarta 1957 among which exhibited paintings of revolutions in large sizes: such as Penganten Pasar Cibodas, Battle in the Temple, General Sudirman and others.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Hendra Gunawan claimed to be influenced by S. Sudjojono in the persistence of art struggle, and Affandi in the solemnity and systematics of daily hard work.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

He himself was busy by the activities of painting markets and frescoes sangkok in Bandung Temple especially in motion and painting atmosphere, recognized the influence of the reliefs of Borobudur Temple, Prambanan, classical carvings, batik, wayang kulit, puppet golek as well as art decoration motifs various kriya regions in Indonesia.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

He is known to love painting with large sizes, he once painted “Prince Cornel” and “Arjuna nursing his son”, both measuring 400 x 200 cm. His partiality to the people led him to have to languish in prison for 13 years between 1965-1978, because he was noted as one of the figures of the People's Cultural Institute.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

When incarcerated, he still continued to paint with natural colors using large canvases.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

All that was obtained from so often he learned from fish, both its color and the character of the fish who did not know silent. Painters close to poet Chairil Anwar chose Bali as a port of shady, calm and ayem hearts.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

In addition to associating with painters, he also hung out with poets of the caliber of Umbu Landu Paranggi, the Sumba-born poet who settled in Bali.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Umbu very appreciated Hendra because in addition to his record of work in the world of painting as a maestro turned out Hendra also wrote poetry.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Fish for him is an inexhaustible source.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

It is from the fish that he can see the true natural color.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Before he died, his painting work on the sinking of the ship Tampomas led him to be inspired.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

It's just that he depicts a self-portrait overrun by fishes.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

As it turned out, it was the portrait that manifested itself thanking the fishes that became the source of his inspiration.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Unfortunately the painting was not completed and was titled Thank You Back Protein.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

This painting is the last harbinger of Hendra Gunawan before facing Illahi.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

He died at RSU Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali, 17 July 1983.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

And was buried in the Muslim Cemetery Gang Graves Jalan A. Yani, Purwakarta.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

The President Joko Widodo Award on behalf of the country gave the Parama Dharma Cultural Star Honor Sign to the dedication of Hendra Gunawan.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

The embedding event took place at the State Palace.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Jakarta, August 13, 2015. [1]


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Outside links.


Question: where was Hendra Gunawan born?

Hendra Gunawan (painter)

Category:Indonesian Painters Category:Sundanese Artists Category:Cultural Stars Parama Dharma Category:Sundanese Painters


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

Kamen Rider Evol (ライードル, Kamen Raida Eboru) is a Kamen Rider who is the main antagonist on the TV series Kamen Rider Build.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

Kamen Rider has a cobra animal complexion combined with astronomical motifs to then be applied into costumes that look a bit complicated at first, because there are a lot of space-themed ornaments embedded in costumes such as globes, constellations, and others.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

The combination of colors between predominantly red, blue, as well as golden shades confirms this intricate costume design.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

Even so, Evol's figure as Kamen Rider gives its own charm, considering that it is the origin of all the events that occur in the main TV series.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

From the destruction of the Martian Civilization, the Skywall Disaster on Earth, to its plot involving multiple figures in a created system called the Kamen Rider System.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

Different from most of the Kamen Rider in the main TV series, Kamen Rider Evol is a Kamen Rider whose original form is not human, where the original form is Evolto who is filled in his voice by Tetsuo Kanao (金, Kanao Tetsuo), an extraterrestrial figure who has destroyed many planets, one of them Mars, whose next goal is to destroy Earth and turn Earth into a new world as he wishes.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

On Earth, Evolto possessed the body of astronaut Souichi Isurugi played by Yasuyuki Maekawa (), Maekawa Yasuyuki) and used it to smooth out all the plots he had planned so that his ultimate goal of destroying Earth could be achieved.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

In addition, he can also transform into a human being as he wishes although Souichi's form becomes a form that he often uses throughout the series.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

To transform into Evol, Evolto uses two Evolbottle bottles consisting of one Evolbottle organic element and one Evolbottle inorganic element incorporated into the Evol-Driver in order to become Kamen Rider Evol.


Question: Who is the voice of Kamen Rider Rogue?

Kamen Rider Evol (character)

Evolto Evolto (エルト, Eboruto) (overdubbed by Tetsuo Kanao) is a mysterious figure who is one of the creatures of the Blood Nation (ラッド, Buraddo Zoku) who manipulates the power of Pandora's Box to destroy the Martian civilization and one of the main antagonists of the series.