Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

This technology is based on a system he named packet-switching, with various advantages over previous techniques, including having better network tape utilization and faster response times than traditional circuits.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The mathematical theory for this technology was later developed by Leonard Kleinrock of MIT.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

Follow-up research was then conducted by Tommy Krash and Paul Baran.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

Funded by the United States military, they sought to utilize previously discovered message-block systems to solve structure vulnerability problems on existing network system technologies.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

This vulnerability occurs due to a centralized routing structure, so when damaged the entire system will be disrupted by it.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

Message-block provides an alternative as it allows network redundancy.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The list of important events is interrupted by it


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

A list of other important events. The year 1971, Ray Tomlinson successfully perfected the e-mail program he created a year ago for ARPANET.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

This e-mail program was so straightforward that it instantly became popular.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In the same year, the “@” icon was also introduced as an important emblem denoting “at” or “on”.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1973, the ARPANET computer network began to be developed outside the United States.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The University College computer in London was the first computer to exist outside America to become a member of the Arpanet network.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In the same year, two computer experts, Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn presented a bigger idea, which became the forerunner of internet thinking.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

This idea was presented for the first time at the University of Sussex.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The next historic day was March 26, 1976, when the Queen of England successfully sent out an e-mail from the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment in Malvern.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

A year later, more than 100 computers joined ARPANET to form a network or network.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1979, Tom Truscott, Jim Ellis and Steve Bellovin, created the first newsgroups to be named USENET.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1981 France Telecom created a buzz by launching the first television phone, where people could call each other while connecting with video links.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

As the computers that make up the network more and more days, it requires an official protocol that is recognized by all networks.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1982 was formed Transmission Control Protocol or TCP and Internet Protocol or IP that we know all.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

Meanwhile in Europe appeared a counterpoint computer network known as Eunet, which provided computer networking services in the countries of the Netherlands, Britain, Denmark and Sweden.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The Eunet Network provides e-mail services and USENET newsgroups.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In order to unify addresses in existing computer networks, then in 1984 was introduced the domain name system, which is now known to us as DNS or Domain Name System.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

Computers connected to existing networks have exceeded 1000 more computers.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1987 the number of computers connected to the network jumped 10 fold by 10,000 more.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1988, Jarko Oikarinen from Finland invented and simultaneously introduced IRC or Internet Relay Chat.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

A year later, the number of reconnected computers jumped 10-fold in a year.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

No less than 100,000 computers now form a network.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The year 1990 was the most historic year, when Tim Berners Lee invented an editor and browser program that could browse between one computer and another, which made up that network.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

It is this program called www, or World Wide Web.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

In 1992, the interconnected computers form a network already surpassed a million computers, and in the same year appeared the term surfing the internet.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

By 1994, Internet sites had grown to 3000 page addresses, and for the first time virtual-shopping or e-retail appeared on the internet.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

The world instantly changed.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

That same year Yahoo! was founded, which was also simultaneously the birth of Netscape Navigator.


Question: When was the internet created?

History of the Internet

Outside Links Category:Internet Category:Computer Networks


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

JMPL|250px|Tourist logo “Wow.. Purbalingga” Purbalingga Regency is a regency in Central Java Province.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Its capital is Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The district is bordered by Pemalang Regency to the north, Banjarnegara Regency to the east and south, and Banyumas Regency to the west and south.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Geography Located at 101° 11" BT - 109°35" BT and 7°10" LS - 7°29 LS” stretches at an altitude of ± 40 — 1,500 meters above sea level with two seasons namely the Rainy Season between April — September and the Dry season between October — March.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In general Purbalingga belongs to a tropical climate with an average rainfall of 3.739mm — 4,789mm per year.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The highest amount of rainfall is in Karangmoncol District, while the lowest rainfall is in Kejobong District.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The air temperature in Purbalingga Regency area is between 23.20°C — 32.88°C with an average of 24.49°C.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Purbalingga is in a basin flanked by several series of mountains.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

To the north is a series of mountains (Mount Slamet and Dieng Plateau).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The southern part is the Serayu Depression, which is fed by two major rivers Kali Serayu and its tributary, the Kali Pekacangan.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Other tributaries are such as Kali Klawing, Kali Gintung, and other tributaries.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The capital of the Regency is at Purbalingga, about 21km northeast of Purwokerto.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Government List of Regents List of Regents Purbalingga District Representative Council Purbalingga Regency consists of 18 districts, including: Kemangkon Bukateja Kejobong Pengadegan Kaligondang Purbalingga Kalimanah Padamara Kutasari Bojongsari Mrebet Bobotsari Karangreja Karangjambu Karanganyar Kertanegara Karangmoncol Rembang A total of 18 sub-districts were further divided over 224 villages and 15 sub-districts.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The centre of government is in the district of Kota Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Industrial Economy In Purbalingga there are many industries with raw materials for human hair to be used as false eyelashes (eye-lash) or also made wigs or false hair as well as buns or hair pieces fitted to provide additional hair or also high-light temporally in our hair. [1 ]


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Another specialty was the exhaust industry which was a transformation from the copper cauldron and pan industry.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Braling exhaust is quite famous among car owners, as an alternative to cheap parts.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Owabong Tourism, water attractions Lawa Cave, Natural Goa located in Karangreja District, 25km north of Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

“Strawberry Garden Agro Tourism” along with panoramic view of “Mount Lompong” located in Pratin, Serang, Karangreja.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Karangbanjar Tourism Village, is a settlement with a natural rural atmosphere and various home crafts center.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Karangbanjar Tourism Village is one of the tourist destinations frequented by tourists, both local and foreign countries.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

It is also very strategic, because it is right in line with other flagship attractions such as Owabong, Garden, Fruit Garden and Money Museum.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In this village of Karang Banjar Tourism, visitors can see directly to the home industry process of making false hair, false eyelashes, broom stick, broom, bun.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There are also 'homestay' facilities in residents' homes at a very affordable cost.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The cool rural atmosphere, typical local food, friendly residents make for an increasingly cozy atmosphere.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Water attraction Bojongsari or famous for its abbreviation Owabong is also a favorite tourist attraction.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Today there are many playing arenas that complement Owabong's.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Next to the pool there is also a current pool, Gokar arena, waterboom, rafting/rafting, fish therapy, outbond arena and other water games.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

“Purbasari Panshower Mas”, also known as RiverWorld because it has a complete collection of freshwater fish such as Arwana, Piranha and giant fish Arapaima Gigas from the Amazon River which reaches 3 meters long.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In addition, there is also a collection of Poultry, an interesting collection of birds and ornamental plants also accompanied by a children's game area in the form of 'Waterboom.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Situ Tirta Marta (Sitama) or better known as times tlaga, presents a clear pool of spring water that is still very natural.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There are also photo rides “under water” with various decorations including motorcycles, tv etc.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sitama terlerak in the hamlet of Tlaga Village Karangcegak, Subdistrict Kutasari.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

It is 5 km from Owabong.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Mount Slamet climb can start from Post Bambangan, Village Kutabawa, District Karangreja.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

These routes are among the most popular routes for hikers.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

General Soedirman Monument, located in the village of Bantarbarang District Rembang.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In the form of a statue of General Soedirman and where he lived in childhood among the wooden bed where he slept for a baby, a library, a mosque, and a relief of his life story.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sanggaluri Park, located in Kutasari Purbalingga Village an educational tourism ride consisting of Money Museum containing ancient money collections from Indonesia and abroad, Insect Museum with various types of insect collections from Indonesia, Museum of Puppets and Artifacts, Wahana Education Drugs, Park Reptile, Bird park located in one area of Kutasari Fruit Park. Sanggaluri also has Outbound children and public rides, Manasik Hajj Simulation, insect preservation, reptile dissection and tour camp package (Sanggaluri Campsite) Museum and Public Library Poerbakawatja Bumi Regional Outbound campgrounds and arenas Munjul Luhur, Karangbanjar, Kalimanah, as well as other campsites in Purbalingga, namely Serang campground in Serang village, Karangreja Swimming Baths Walik Asri Curug Karang, so called because it has black rocks and steep with three levels waterfall and waterfall Panyatan which are both located in the district Rembang.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Waterfall Nini, although the waterfall is not too high, under this waterfall there is a source of spring water that is never dry.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

According to local folk stories, here there are fish living heads and thorns only.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Curug Silintang and Silawang, this waterfall is located in Tlahab Lor village, Karangreja.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Ciputut waterfall, which has a height of 30 m, the natural panorama is very beautiful and waterfall is also never dry.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In this natural attraction is often visited by teenage tourists on holiday.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The terrain towards the waterfall Ciputut is rather difficult.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Precisely because of the difficulty of getting to this tourist site is often used as a means of adventure for teenage tourists.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Purbalingga Regency also has quite exotic water attractions, namely “Congot” which is the confluence of two rivers, namely Klawing River and Serayu.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

This attraction is located in the village of Kedungbendo, District Kemangkon, about 15km south of Purbalingga city.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

“Usman Janatin City Park”, Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Before being used as a city park, this area was Purbalingga City Market but the location of the market has been moved to the former Wasesa Stadium (now the stadium is in Purbalingga Kidul Village with the name “Gelora Goentoer Darjono”) with the name (Segamas Market) which is one of the markets largest in Central Java.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

This usual place young people can gather, lounging in the spacious city park.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In this place equipped with a large LCD that serves all round Purbalingga city with its development.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There is also an Entertainment Center building used for art events and there is a stage on its south side.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Kayak Tourism and National Kayak School [2] Sumba waterfall tourism is in the village Tlahab Kidul District Karangreja, border with Bobotsari Subdistrict. It has a very beautiful natural landscape in facilitation with gazebo-gazebo from bamboo, can be intended for relaxing family recreation. and for swimming visitors can enjoy the pool under the waterfall with a depth of up to 8 meters, with bresih and cool water.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Transportation The main means of transportation to get from and to Purbalingga is Bus transportation.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There are various kinds of buses both AKDP (Inter-Cities In-Provincial) and AKAP (Inter-Cities Inter-Provincial).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The buses that pass through Purbalingga Bus Terminal include buses from Purwokerto-Semarang, Purwokerto-Wonosobo, Purwokerto-Pemalang, Purwokerto-Pekalongan, buses from Jakarta-Wonosobo (AKAP), as well as buses bound for Jakarta-Bobotsari (AKAP).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

As for the type of minibus there are 4 lines, namely buses from Purbalingga-Kejobong, Purbalingga-Rembang, Purwokerto-Bobotsari, Purbalingga-Pon.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

For transportation in the city itself there is an orange angkot with angkot route: Line 1: Terminal Purbalingga - Bobotsari Line 2: Purbalingga Terminal - Gembrungan Fork (Selakambang, Kaligondang) Line 3: Terminal Purbalingga - Lamongan Line 4: Terminal Purbalingga - Bukateja Line 5: Terminal Purbalingga - Kemangkon Line 6: Terminal Purbalingga - Gambarsari (Kemangkon) Line 7: Terminal Purbalingga - Jompo (Kalimanah) Line 8: Terminal Purbalingga - Padamara Line 9: Terminal Purbalingga - Kutasari Line 12: Terminal Purbalingga - Slinga (Kaligondang) Line 13: Terminal Purbalingga - Kutasari Line 12: Terminal Purbalingga - Slinga (Kaligondang) Line 13: Ter Purbalingga - Wirasana Line 15: Terminal Purbalingga - Karangpule (Padamara) The city transport only operates from 06.00 - 18.00 WIB.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

As for transportation other than city transportation, there are rural transportation (Angkudes) connecting between villages in Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Purbalingga used to have a Railway Station but, now it is defunct, even the railway line in Purbalingga has turned into a row of shops or other buildings.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There is also an airport named Wirasaba located in the village of Wirasaba, Bukateja and serves as a means of Aircraft Transport for Military purposes.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Purbalingga sport has Persiproud Purbalingga football club (Persatuan Sepak Purbalingga) which on January 18, 2011 won the division II competition PSSI 2010-2011.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

For Sports facilities in Purbalingga there is Gelora Goentoer Darjono Stadium which is able to accommodate about 15,000 spectators. [3]


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The Purbalingga community has a highly reckoned Independent Film Community on the National scene.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Various national film events were successfully achieved and won, besides this Community also held a regular independent film festival called PFF (Purbalingga Film Festival). [4] [5] For the first time on December 6, 2010 Purbalingga Independent Film Community won the Cup The image in the Indonesian Film Festival for the category of Short Film. [6] [7] [8] Komunita Bralink is very much spelled purbalingga community.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Social Cultural Culinary The best known food in Purbalingga is mendoan, this is a food made from soy tempeh.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Specifically, the manufacture of mendoan is processed starting from the moment of making the tempe, so mendoan can not be made from just any tempeh.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Tempe mendoan is a thin tempeh that is made widen/widespread.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

To make the mendoan, this tempeh is fed with flour seasoned with salt, coriander and spring onions.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Fried for a while so that it still tastes soft, when fried a little longer will be a slightly loamy “muledi” tempeh.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Any longer to dry then it is called tempeh “chips”.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Purbalingga is also known as the site of the Slamet factory, which produces Davos sweets since 1931 [9] [10], this candy is very known since ancient times.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Other special souvenirs especially if not mirasa beans.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The appearance can be burnt and looks like a peanut pea pea typical rustic.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

But the taste?


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Many people are hooked to buy them and take them as souvenirs.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Different from the manufacturer's peel nuts, mirasa beans are made by soaking them in water a day overnight.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The next day it is greased with salt and left in a bath for a day overnight too.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The tomorrows are freshly soaked in water again a day overnight.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Then it is sunbathed in the sun, only after drying it is roasted with sand.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Be typical Purbalingga nuts that are crispy and 'kemlithik'.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sroto (soto designation name for Purbalingga and Banyumas region) is also famous.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The fundamental difference of sroto with soto in general lies in the sambalnya that is spicy bean chili legit, using ketupat instead of rice, and sprinkled with meat shredded and crupuk squeeze.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Difference Sroto Sokaraja with Sroto Purbalingga can also be seen from the crackers.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Generally Sroto Sokaraja uses colorful krupuk, while Sroto Purbalingga uses red and white krupuk.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sroto Purbalingga who is notorious especially his kriyik sroto</i>[11].


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Here after the chicken meat is treated to sroto then the “cavity” (breastbone) is fried dry and served as a side dish sroto.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

It tastes crisp and kriyik-kriyik, that's why it's called sroto kriyik.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In addition to sroto kriyik, there is also sroto so which is no less delicious.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sroto So [12] is similar in general sroto typical Purbalingga, only there are additional melinjo leaves or commonly called 'so' which adds to the unique flavor of this cuah food, its location about 4 KM from the city center is in Bojong village.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Other typical Sroto is commonly called according to its location, such as Sroto Bancar and Sroto Jatisaba.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There is another typical food that people often hunt when traveling to Purbalingga, namely Buntil.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

This buntil is prepared from a steamer of palm leaves, papaya leaves or cassava leaves filled with grated coconut mixed with anchovies, given seasoning onions, chili, galangal, tamarind, salt, etc.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The way it serves, buntil smothered in spicy sauce made from coconut milk and red pepper, complete with cayenne pepper left intact, not sliced.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Very deliciously eaten when warm with freshly tanak rice.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

For souvenirs, you should buy Buntil that is not coconut milk, because it can last up to a week.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Buntil is almost always available at every morning market in various corners of Purbalingga Regency.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

But the most famous Buntil Pasar Kutasari.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

To get a bowl of buntil at Kutasari Market, people are willing to wait in line since morning.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sate Blater can also be another menu option typical of Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Called Sate Blater because of the origin of this satay from the village of Blater, District Kalimanah.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Although equally satay chicken, Satay Blater is slightly different from other madura satay or chicken satay.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The difference lies in the way it cooks.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

If in general satay is burned while the meat is still raw, if the satay blater before it is burned must be soaked in a secret marinade typical of the people of Blater Village, and when it is burned still many times greased with the same spices.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

So that the taste is very pronounced until the last bite.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Different cooking process, making this satay is also strong stored for up to three days. even if stored in the refrigerator can be much longer.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In addition to food, Purbalingga is also known for its thorn ice which always makes miss.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Although today many mimic, nothing matches the distinctive taste of ice durian Tugu Bancar concocted Pak Kasdi.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In a bowl of durian ice, the flesh of durian fruit is smothered in liquid brown sugar and fresh coconut milk, plus ice cube shavings to mountain.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Not stopping there, the durian ice mountain was still watered in condensed milk and a spoonful of hot chocolate.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There is also Nopia cake, [13] its origin is also from Purbalingga, around the 50s Ting Lie Liang family started a business to make nopia confectionery which is also called elephant egg.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

The help is white from wheat flour containing Java sugar.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

There is also a mini nopia commonly called mino.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Both nopia and mino are available in a variety of flavors, such as durian flavor, pineapple flavor, strawberry flavor and whose most unique flavor is onion flavor.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Education Colombia Primary School SDN 1 Kembangan SDN 2 Kembangan SDN 1 Lumutan SDN 2 Lumutan SDN 1 Kedungbenda SDN 2 Kedungbenda SDN 3 Kedungbenda SDN 1 Bokol SDN 1 Senon SDN 1 Blater Secondary School SMPN 1 Kemangkon SMPN 2 Kemangkon SMPN 3 Kemangkon SMPN 4 Kemangkon 1 Rembang SMPN 2 Rembang SMPN 3 Rembang SMPN 4 Rembang SMPN 5 Rembang SMPN 6 Rembang SMPN 1 Kutasari SMPN 2 Kutasari SMPN 3 Kutasari SMPN 3 Kutasari SMPN 1 Bukateja SMPN 2 Bukateja SMPN 3 Bukateja MTs MAS Minhajut Tholabah Bukateja SMPN 1 Bojongsari SMPN 2 Bojongsari SMPN 1 Kejobong SMPN 2 Kejobong SMPN 1 Purbalingga SMPN 2 Purbalingga SMPN 3 Purbalingga SMPN 4 Purbalingga SMPN 5 Purbalingga Junior High School Muhamadiyah 1 Purbalingga SMP Muhamadiyah 2 Purbalingga Junior High School Muhamadiyah 6 Purbalingga SMP 1 Kalimanah SMPN 2 Kalimanah SMPN 3 Kalimanah SMPN 1 Padamara Junior High School 2 Muhammadiyah 08 Kemangkon SMPN 1 Mrebet SMPN 2 Mrebet SMPN 3 Mrebet SMPN 4 Mrebet SMPN 5 Mrebet High School SMAN 1 Purbalingga SMAN 2 Purbalingga SMAN 1 Bobotsari SMP N 1 Bukateja SMAN 1 Rembang SMAN 1 Kemangkon SMAN 1 Kejobong SMAN 1 Padamara SMAN 1 Karangreja SMAN 1 Kutasari SMBN Purbalingga High School Saint Augustine Purbalingga High School Muhammadiyah 1 Purbalingga SMA Muhammadiyah 04 Purbalingga SMA Muhammadiyah Bobotsari SMA Karya Bhakti 1 Purbalingga SMA Karya Bhakti 2 Bobotsari SMA Ma`arif Karangranyar SMA Ma'arif Karangmoncol SMKN Vocational High School 1 Purbalingga SMKN 1 Purbalingga SMKN 1 Kutasari SMKN 2 Purbalingga SMKN 3 Purbalingga SMKN 1 Kaligondang SMKN 1 Bojongsari SMKN 1 Bukateja SMKN 1 Karanganyar SMKN 1 Karangjambu SMKN 1 Kejobong SMKN 1 Kemangkon SMKN 1 Rembang SMKN 1 Kutasari SMK YPT 1 Purbalingga SMK YPT 2 Purbalingga SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Purbalingga Bobotsari SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Purbalingga SMK Soedirman Purbalingga Vocational Scholar Mighty Purbalingga Vocational Vocational School Purbalingga Vocational School Ma'arif NU Wonosari Purbalingga SMK Ma'arif NU Bobotsari SMK Ma'arif NU Kemangkon SMK Ma'arif NU Karangreja SMK Ma'arif Bukateja SMK Islam Salafitanyah Keregara SMK 'ul Ihsan Al Baedlowi Kertanegara Vocational School YPLP Officer Purbalingga SMK Widya Manggala Purbalingga SMK Immanuel Permata Purbalingga MAS Ma'arif Minhajut Tholabah Bukateja MA YINUBA Purbalingga MA Al Mujahadah MAS Al Huda MAS Mamba'ul Ulum Higher School of Technology YPT Purbalingga (STT YPT) MAN Purbalingga University General Soedirman Academy of Midwifery Officers Husada Purbalingga [14] Famous figure General Soedirman, the first major general in Indonesia.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Legend in the Indonesian military world, expert in guerrilla warfare and reputedly persistent in maintaining Indonesian independence.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Usman Janatin bin H. Ali Hasan, (born in Dukuh Tawangsari, Jatisaba, Purbalingga District, Purbalingga, Central Java, 18 March 1943 — died in Singapore, 17 October 1968 at the age of 25) was one of two members of the KKO (Operations Command Corps; now called Marine) Indonesia who was arrested in Singapore at the time of the Confrontation with Malaysia.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Together with another KKO member named Harun, he was sentenced to hang by the Singapore government in October 1968 on charges of laying a bomb in a congested area of downtown Singapore on 10 March 1965 (see MacDonald House bombing).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

He was buried at TMP Kalibata, Jakarta.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sheikh Nahrawi Al Banyumasyi, He was a very mashhur cleric in the Arab lands.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

He had many disciples and even became a grand judge in Saudi Arabia (see; Transformation Islam; Azyumardi Azra; Gramedia; 1997).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Shayh Nahrowi died in 1926 in Makkah.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

KH Abu 'Amar, he was the elder brother of Shayh Nahrowi al Banyumasi.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

KH Abu 'Amar is a Muslim intellectual who is highly respected not only in Banyumas regional but also national.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Her scene at the national level can be traced when she is familiar with a very famous Dutch judge, Prof. Terrhar.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

This intense discussion of KH 'Abu 'Amar with Terhar then gave rise to the need for a judiciary for the inderland itself separate from the landrats that existed then.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

This judiciary is only enforced for inderlands related to civil laws (Begerlijc Wetbook).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Sectors taken care of by this judiciary include marriage, divorce, inheritance law.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

This judiciary was then known as the Religious Court, whose religious judiciary has developed now until all persada archipelago.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

In the history of the judiciary in Indonesia, this religious court has now become one of the four judiciaries in Indonesia.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

And now the religious court has been equal to the public court and under one roof of the Supreme Court.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Even the authority of the Religious Court has now extended not only matters related to civil law but also accepting criminal disputes that are sharia.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

KH Mohammad Ngisom, he was the son of KH Abu 'Amar.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

He was a highly respected cleric in the archipelago.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

He was in his youth preaching not only in Indonesia but also in Singapore, the middle east even to Russia.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Verbal speech that the writer gathered said that when he was in singapore doing da'wah until almost decades.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Until then he had a Singaporean wife.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Not only that upon his return he preached crooning buana, then he was also active in the political party masyumi.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

His political career was quite brilliant by being the chairman of Parliament Regency.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Purbalingga the first time.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

KH R Abdul Mu'in, grandson of KH Abu 'Amar.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Then there was also Drs. H. Abbas Mu'in MA.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Abdullah Sha'roni, SH., is a former Indonesian ambassador who is in full power over the countries of syria, lebanon and palestina. he is also a native son of Kauman Purbalingga, who is also still closely associated with the descendants of KH Abu'Amar.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

KH Ahsin Ma'ruf, he is originally from Kertanegara village Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

His youth he spent activities in religious organizations.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Until then he represented Purbalingga to sit in the Central Java Provincial Parliament 1971-1977 period.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

H.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Supriyadi, he comes from the village of Kalijaran district Karanganyar. his youth has indeed bobbled with the world of politics.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

For him politics it is something very engraving.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Belaiu was the son of KH Hisyam Abdul Kariem, a highly respected role model in Purbalingga.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

KH Hisham is a very chosen scholar, especially in the field of falaq or astronomy and he also created a lot and has published verses in his form of praises.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Lastly he served as a member of the People's Consultative Assembly period 1984-1989 regional envoy.


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Dedy Pitak, Singer of songs nuanced Ngapak Banyumasan, which skyrocketed through the song Purbalingga Mbangun, Kadhang Pandemen & Owabong (Tourism Object Bojong Sari).


Question: What is the area of Purbalingga city?

Purbalingga District

Indrodjojo Kusumonegoro, The famous Warkop lawak group personnel lewar Radio Prambors Jakarta in the era of 70 an External link Reference (in Indonesian) Purbalingga Purbalingga


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo (Japanese: 道) is a martial art, sport, and philosophy rooted from Japan.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo was developed from an ancient Japanese martial art called Jujutsu.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Jujutsu, which is the art of defending and attacking using bare hands as well as short weapons, was developed into Judo by Kano Jigoro (五) in 1882.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The sport became a model of the Japanese martial art, gendai budo, developed from the old school (koryū).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo players are called judoka or warrior.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo is now a popular martial arts branch, it has even become the official sports branch of the Olympic Games.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

History Before Judo Sumo wrestlers of yore took down his opponent unarmed.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This inspired jujutsu martial techniques.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Sumo was originally only enjoyed by aristocrats as rituals or religious ceremonies in Heian times (8th to 12th centuries).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In its development, Japan entered wartime in which the aristocrats were shifted by the military.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Similarly sports that were previously only used as entertainment, by the military used as for the training of the soldiers.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

It was during this time that the technique of jujutsu was developed on the field of battle.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The soldiers fought unarmed or with short guns.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This technique of knocking out an opponent or crippling an opponent is known as jujutsu.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In the Edo period (17th to 19th century) where the state of Japan was relatively secure, jujutsu was developed into a martial art to train the body for chivalric class societies.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Different styles of jujutsu began to appear, including Takenouchi, Susumihozan, Araki, Sekiguchi, Kito, and Tenjinshin'yo.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The beginning of Judo Jigoro Kano added his own style to the many branches of jujutsu he studied at that time (including Tenjinshiyo and Kito).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In 1882 he established a dojo in Tokyo which he called Kodokan Judo.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This first dojo was established in the temple of Eisho ji, with a disciple number of nine.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The main goal of jujutsu is the mastery of attacking and defending techniques.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Kano adapted this goal, but gave priority to teaching and learning systems.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

He developed three specific targets for judo: physical training, mental development/spirit, and competition at matches.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Difference Judo and Jujutsu The literal translation of the word 'judo' is a 'subtle way'.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The 'way' or 'path' referred to here has an ethical and philosophical connotation meaning.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Kano expressed his philosophy concept with two phrases, “Seiryoku Zen'yo” (efficient use of energy) and “Jita Kyoei” (advantage for oneself and others).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Although it is called subtle, but actually judo is a combination of hard and soft techniques, therefore judo can also be interpreted as a 'flexible way'.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Jujutsu, on the other hand, has a literal translation of 'subtle abilities'.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The practice of jujutsu is centred on specific and formal ways (Kata), whereas judo emphasizes on the free exercise of certain techniques in free fights (randori).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This makes judo training run more dynamic.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The jujutsu contestants use relatively heavy uniforms (hakama).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Early practitioners of judo used a kind of shorts, but not long after they preferred to use Western fashion that was judged to have more function advantages and allowed freer movement.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The modern uniform of judo (judogi) was developed in 1907.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Jujutsu techniques, in addition to basic techniques such as throwing and holding, use punches, kicks, even using short weapons.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

On the other hand, judo avoids dangerous kicks and punches, and is focused more on organized slamming techniques and defending techniques.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The use of the suffixes -do and -jutsu Many branches of Japanese martial arts have the same prefix but have the two suffixes' -do 'and '-jutsu'.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Bujutsu and budo as well as Kenjutsu and kendo are some examples.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The basic difference of these two endings is' -do 'means' path 'and' -jutsu 'which means' move 'or 'science'.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In addition, in martial law the ending '-do' is usually more rules that do not allow a person to be injured by a fatal attack, but this is not the case with martial arts ending in the word '-jutsu', for example in kendo, only parts of the hands, stomach, feet, and The lower part of the chin can be attacked, while kenjutsu allows attacks on all parts of the body.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In general, budo ('bu-' meaning warrior) is a development of bujutsu that has been adapted to the present age (for sports, not fighting).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Some examples of bujutsu developed into budo: Jujutsu -> Judo Kenjutsu -> Kendo Aiki-Jujutsu -> Aikido Karate jutsu -> Karate Do Battoujutsu/Iaijutsu -> Battoudo/Iaido.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo as a branch of women's judoka sports women were first accepted as judoka in 1893, although at that time sportsmen were considered to be next to the eye in the structure of Japanese society.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Despite this, this dramatic progress only lasted briefly, because in fact they were still kept out of official matches, on grounds of physical safety.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

After World War II, judo for both males and females was introduced out Japan.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The European Judo Union was formed in 1948, followed by the formation of the International Federation of Judo in 1951.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo became one of the official sports branches of the Olympic Games at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The women's judoka first competed at the Olympic Games at the 1982 Barcelona Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo tiers and belt colors Starting from the beginner class (shoshinsha) a judoka starts using a belt and is called being in the fifth kyu tier.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

From there, a judoka goes up a level into the fourth, third, second kyū, and finally the first kyū.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

After that the numbering system is reversed to and first (shodan), second, and so on up to and tenth, which are the highest tiers in judo.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Nonetheless, the founder, Kano Jigoro, said that the judo level is not limited to and tenth, and until now since there are only 15 people who have ever reached the level and the tenth, no one has ever surpassed that level.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The color of the belt indicates the tiers of kyu or and.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Beginners, fifth and fourth kyū use white; third, second, and first kyū use tan; black is worn by judoka who have reached the stages and, starting from shodan, or first, to and fifth.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judoka with tiers and sixth to and ninth use checkered belts in red and white, although sometimes they also use black.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The top tiers, and the tenth, use red-white or red belt-waist.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Female judoka who have reached the stage and upwards have an elongated white stripe down the centre of their black waistband.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo floor Judo games are held on carpets or mattresses (tatami) in the shape of a quadrangle (rhombus) with sides 14.55 meters or 8 aligned tatami.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In addition to mattress dialation, most judo dojos now use a spring under a false floor, to withstand impact from dings.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Early in the match, the two judoka stood in the middle just behind the parallel line by being watched by the jury.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Before it began, the two judokas lowered their heads saluting each other from behind the line.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In the upper and lower corners of the rhombus sit two judges, and behind each judoka, outside the mattress-capped arena, sit judoka from the same squad, and sit also a timekeeper and a valuekeeper.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Matches are organized inside arenas inside mattresses bounded by (and included therein) red lines (jonai).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The area of the arena is 9.1 square meters and consists of 50 tatami.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Waza or judo techniques worn in arenas outside the red line (jogai) are considered invalid and do not count.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The loose Judo uniform (gi) that a judoka (judogi) wears must match its size.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Jacket The bottom of the jacket covers the buttocks when the belt is worn.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Between the ends of the sleeves with the wrist a gap of 5—8cm.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The long sleeves are slightly more than two-thirds of the length of the sleeves.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Because this jacket is designed to withstand the impact of the body as a result of being slammed into the floor, the material is generally thicker than the karate uniform (karategi) or other martial. The belt should be long enough to leave 20—30cm dangling on each side.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Pants Pants worn slightly loose.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Between the ends of the trousers with the ankles a gap of 5—8cm.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The trousers are slightly more than two-thirds the length of the legs.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Wearing uniform Pants are worn and trouser straps are tightened.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The jacket is then worn with the left side over the right side.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Wear the belt by putting the middle of the belt in front of the abdomen, then both ends of the belt are rotated circularly behind the waist back to front; grasp both ends of the belt, then trim with both ends horizontally.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Gutter tightly so that it does not come off at the time of the game


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Match rules Judo matches are held between individuals and teams.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Some competitions divide matches into 8 categories, based on body weight.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Other competitions divide matches by level and, age, etc.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

There are also those who do not know any division.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

One judo match lasted for 3—20 minutes.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The winner is determined by the path of the first judoka to reach a single number, both with slams and locks.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

If after the allotted time no player obtains a single number, the player with the higher value wins or the match ends the series.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo, like other sports from Japan, is organized in full manners.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The two judoka bowed salutes each other at the start and end of the match.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The beginning of the match Judoka faced each other, straightened the soles of their feet behind their respective lines in the middle of the arena and stood upright.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Then they bend over each other at the same time.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Then they go one step forward, beginning with the left foot, and stand in the position of a natural easel (shizen hon tai).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The jury or referee then said “Start” (Hajime) and the match started.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Late in the match The two judokas were back in their natural easel position and facing each other one step ahead of their respective lines.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The jury then announced the outcome of the game, and both contestants took a step back to the back of the line starting with the right foot.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

They then bowed again and walked out of the arena.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

One-number scoring system (ippon) can be obtained by way: Killings (nage waza): If the judoka can outperform the opponent's technique by slamming it with power and speed with his back hitting the floor first.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Lockdown (katame waza): If the judoka manages to lock the opponent so that he utters the word “I surrender!”


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

(maitta), or patting the floor twice with hands or feet, fainting, or if the lockdown lasts at least 30 seconds (osae waza) and it is announced that the match is over (osae komi) Half a number (waza ari) can be obtained by means of: Killings: If the judoka technique is good enough yet not until it deserves to receive the full figure.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Lockdown: If the judoka manages to lock down his opponent for at least 25 seconds.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Two waza ari means one number, but half a number is not enough to determine a winner, so by the designers of the match created an additional number system.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Extras (yuko and coca) that don't care about anything will not outperform one 'half-number', but can be decisive if each judoka gets the same value (1W1Y0K - 1 Waza and 1 Yuko win against 1W0Y9K - 1 Waza and 9 Koka).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This additional figure is obtained if the demonstrated technique is not good enough to obtain half value (yuko) or not good enough to obtain yuko (coca).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

It is not uncommon for a match to be determined by the number of yuko and coca obtained (because one number automatically wins and two half-numbers are also automatically won) If the number of values obtained by both judoka is equal, then sometimes a match uses a voting system between both corner judges and jurors (for a total of three votes).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Prohibited techniques Harmful techniques or waza are not allowed to use.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The total prohibited techniques amounted to 31 (32 for women).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judoka will be subject to four tiers of sanctions, depending on how severe the offense is committed.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

For each type of foul, the match is stopped for a moment and the two judokas return to their respective lines.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

A misdemeanor (shido) is a warning to violators of rules that are not how dangerous.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judoka is given a warning awasete chui if doing so a second time.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This violation has a value inverse to one coca.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Some actions that will receive a warning: A judoka loses his fighting spirit and does not attack for more than 30 seconds Removing the opponent's belt or his own belt without the permission of the jury Wrapped around the opponent's hand with the end of the belt (or the end of the shirt) Twisting or Hold on to the end of the opponent's sleeve or pants Inserting any part of the opponent's uniform into the mouth (biting the opponent's uniform) Touching the opponent's face with any part of the hand or foot Pulling your opponent's hair Locking the opponent's palm with one's own palm for more than 6 seconds in standing position Minor offense (chui) is a warning for offences that are heavier than misdemeanors.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This offense has a negative effect of yuko Some examples are as follows: Inserting any part of the foot into the opponent's uniform, both the belt and the jacket, during the lockdown is done by the opponent Trying to break the opponent's finger to release the opponent's grasp Kicking the opponent's hand with the foot or knee to escape the clutches of an opponent A severe offense (keikoku) is an offence that can be sanctioned and a harsh reprimand.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judoka who committed this offence will be reduced in value by half a figure.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Two minor offenses allow the subject of the same sanction.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Examples of severe offenses: Locking an opponent's arm (kansetsu waza) anywhere other than on the elbow Pulling an opponent lying up on the floor and then slamming it back A judoka performs any dangerous act contrary to the soul of judo.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

A serious offence (hansoku make) is an offence that can make a judoka disqualified for committing an offence so severe that it endangers both his opponent and others.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Four times warning (shido) may also be subject to this sanction.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Body position in judo The correct body position is an important part of judo.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Sitting position. Sitting cross-legged (seiza) From the standing position, the left leg is pulled back, then the left knee is placed to the floor in the place where the left toe was once located.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Do the same with the right foot, and both feet at this point should intersect on the toes and knees.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Then straighten the toes parallel to the floor and the buttocks are placed over the base of the foot.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Place both hands on the thighs of each side.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

To stand, perform the same procedure in the reverse way.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Salute (zarei) Cross-legged, bend your body forward until both palms touch the floor with your fingers facing forward.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Silent in this position for a few moments, then return to the cross-legged position.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Standing position Salute (ritsurei) Standing with the bases of the legs close, bend the torso forward about 30 degrees with your palms in front of the thighs.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Silence in this position for a few moments, then return to the standing position.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Natural position (shizen tai) The legs are opened about 30cm in a natural position with the body weight divided equally on both feet.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Rest the muscles of the shoulders and hands.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This is the basic and natural posture of judo.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Defensive position (jigo tai) From the natural position, the legs are opened wider, the knees are bent so that the center of gravity of the body is more down.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Step (suri ashi) How to walk in judo with the soles of your feet along the floor to maintain stability.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Make sure the steps are evenly matched and the center of gravity stays in the same position to move agile in all directions.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Right-left (ayumi ashi): As with regular walking, the soles of the feet pass through each other when walking Right-right (tsugi ashi): After the first leg advances, the advancing second leg does not exceed the position of the first foot The falling and rolling position Mastering this position allows to protect yourself alone when dropped or slammed against an opponent and alleviates fear when thrown by an opponent.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Falling backwards (ushiro ukemi) The legs are put together and hands are also put together, drop your back to the mat with your hands straight next to the body and palms touching the floor to resist falling.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Protect the back of the head by tearing your chin to the body.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Fall to the side (yoko ukemi) From a standing position, drop yourself back, raise your legs one by one, then raise your hands in front of the body.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Roll to the right (or left) of the mat with the head fixed protected against touching the floor.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Then hold the body with your right (or left) hand and palm.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Fall forward (mae ukemi) Drop yourself forward with both palms in front of the face, elbows bent.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Fall face down by being held down by both hands, body straightened, abdominal muscles tightened, and hold the body by being held by both hands and toes (knees raised).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Rolling forward (mae mawari ukemi) Useful at times thrown by opponents.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

From the standing position, the right leg is advanced left palm is knocked to the floor.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The right shoulder is then thrown forward with the palm facing back, this is done together with both feet imprinting on the floor and rolling forward.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Both feet and hands should touch the floor simultaneously.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo technique The technique of judo slam (nage waza) can be divided into standing technique (tachi waza) and knocking technique (sutemi waza).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Standing techniques are further divided into hand technique (te waza), groin technique (koshi waza), and foot technique (ashi waza).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Dropping techniques are further divided into backward dropping techniques (ma sutemi waza) and sideways dropping techniques (yoko sutemi waza) Judo lockdown techniques (katame waza) can be divided into restraining techniques (osae waza or osaekomi waza), flops techniques (shime waza), and techniques Connection (kansetsu waza) The technique of attacking (atemi waza) with a kick or punch even with a knife or sword weapon is sometimes used for practice for high-level judoka, although in official matches it is prohibited (similarly during free practice (randori) slam (standing technique) Knee sweep - hiza guruma Jegal from behind - o soto gari Jegal from front - 'ko uchi gari Side sweep - deashi barai Thigh slam - uchi eye Slam groin twist - o goshi Slam groin lift - surikomi goshi Slam groin sweep - harai goshi Shoulder throw - seoi nage Dropping the body - tai otoshi Back bolster throw - tomoe nage The lock technique (lying technique) The lock technique (katame waza) is also called the reclining technique (ne waza) because this technique is performed when a judoka or his opponent is lying face to up or down.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Lock waist - kesa gatame Shoulder lock - gatame word Four-side lock - yoko shiho gatame Top four-side lock - kami shiho gatame Back lock - kataha jime Necklace lock - okuri eri jime Hand lock - ude garami Cross hand lock - ude hishigi juji gatame First aid Often inside judo matches, a judoka experiences asphyxia, in which the judoka has difficulty breathing due to lack of oxygen.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

To that end, judo has developed a first aid to restore consciousness to those affected by asphyxia or aspixia.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

This can occur if the lockdown performed is too strong so that the opponent stops breathing momentarily.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

The person immediately needs emergency help on the spot.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Judo in Indonesia Judoka Indonesia is under PJSI (Indonesian Judo Association) which is under KONI (Indonesian National Sports Committee).


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Indonesian Judo figures include Ferry Sonneville, a badminton who actively led the birth of PJSI; Perry G. Pantouw, champion of the 1983 SEA Games; Kresna Bayu, Maya Fransisca, Ira Purnamasari, Aprilia Marzuki, Peter Taslim, Indonesian judoka athletes.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

In the 1970s and 1980s known names of athletes such as Bambang Prakasa, Ceto Cosadek, Raymond Rochili etc.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Under the leadership of Ir. Soehoed at that time, Judo pioneered the establishment of training center for pelatnas in Ciloto, Puncak, West Java.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

At that time in Jakarta was very developed various Judo universities, such as for example Judo Waza in South Jakarta (led by alm.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Robert Judono/ Robert Jung), Flag Pole Judo School in North Jakarta, and so on.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Nowadays the development of Judo in the area is also beginning rapidly.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Such as the Judo Mataram Bantul (Wiramataram) debate under the guidance of Guru Om Tjong (Budy Tanudjaya) and led by Dain Santoso won 8 golds in the DIY regional Judo Championships.


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

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Judo

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Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo


Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

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Question: How is the Judo match scoring system?

Judo

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. - techniques, history, principles, videos and others Reference Category:Japanese martial arts


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology is the science that studies the interaction between an organism and its environment and others.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Derived from the Greek words oikos (“habitat”) and logos (“science”).


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology is interpreted as a science that studies both interactions between living beings and interactions between living beings and their environment.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

The term ecology was first put forward by Ernst Haeckel (1834 - 1914). [1]


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

In ecology, living things are studied as a unity or system with its environment.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

The discussion of ecology is not separated from the discussion of ecosystems with various constituent components, namely abiotic and biotic factors.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Abiotic factors include temperature, water, humidity, light, and topography, while biotic factors are living things composed of humans, animals, plants, and microbes.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology is also closely related to the levels of organization of living beings, namely populations, communities, and ecosystems that influence each other and are a system that shows unity.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology is a relatively new branch of science, which only emerged in the 70s. [2] However, ecology has a great influence on its biology branch.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology studies how living beings can sustain their lives by holding relationships between living beings and with non-living objects in their place of life or environment. [2]


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology, biology and other life sciences complement each other with zoology and botany describing the thing that ecology tries to estimate, and energy economics describing most human food chains and tropic levels.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecologists study the following [2]: The transfer of energy and matter from one living being to another into its environment and the factors that cause it.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Population or species change at different times in the factors that cause it.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

There is an interspecies relationship (interspecies interaction) of living things and the relationship between living beings and their environment.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Now ecologists (people who study ecology) focus on Earth ecoregion and climate change research.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecological concept The relationship of linkage and dependence between all components of an ecosystem must be maintained in stable and balanced (homeostatic) conditions [2].


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Changes to one component will affect the other. [2]


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Homeostatic is the tendency of systems biology to withstand change and always be in equilibrium. [1]


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecosystems are able to maintain and self-regulate as do their constituent components that are organisms and populations [1].


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Thus, the ecosystem can be considered a cibernetic in nature.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

But humans tend to disrupt this system of natural control [1]. ecosystems are a collection of various kinds of nature, examples of animals, plants, environment, and most recently human Ecology in Ecological politics gives rise to many powerful philosophies and political movements — including the conservation, health, environmental, and ecological movements we know today.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

When everything is combined with the peace movement and the Six Principles, it is called the green movement.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Generally, taking ecosystem health is first on the list of human moral and political priorities, such as the path to achieve human health and social harmony, and a better economy.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

People who have those beliefs are called political ecologists.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Some have organized into the Green Group, but there are truly political ecologists within most political parties.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Very often they use arguments from ecology for continuing policy, especially forest and energy policy.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Often those arguments contradict each other, as many academics do as well.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology in economics Many ecologists connect ecology to human economics: Lynn Margulis says that economic studies how humans make life.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecological study of how every other animal makes life.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Mike Nickerson says that “economics are three-fifths ecological” since ecosystems create sources and dispose of garbage, which economics considers done “for free”.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecological economics and the theory of human development try to separate economic questions from other, but it is difficult.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

A lot of people think economics has just become a part of ecology, and economics ignoring it is wrong.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

“Natural capital” is one example of 1 theory that combines the two things.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Ecology in anthropological glasses Sometimes ecology is compared to anthropology, because both use many methods to learn the one thing we can't live without.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Anthropology is about how our body and mind are influenced by our environment, ecology is about how our environment is influenced by our body and mind.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Some think they're just a scientist, but the mechanistic paradigm insists on laying the human subject in ecological object control — the subject-object problem.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

But in evolutionary psychology or psychoneuroimmunology for example it is clear if human abilities and economic challenges develop together.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Nicely set out Antoine de Saint-Exupery: “The earth teaches us more about ourselves than the whole book.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Because it rejects us.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Man finds himself as he compares himself against obstacles.”


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Some branches of ecology Because of its very wide nature, ecology has several more focused science branches, namely: Ecology Behavior Ecology Language Ecology Community Ecology and Sinecology Ecology Physiology Ecosystem Ecology Ecology Global Ecology Human Ecology Ecology Population Ecology Aquatic Ecology Fire Ecology Functional Ecology Pollination Forest Ecology Marine Ecology Tropical Marine Ecology Food and Nutrition Ecology Mangrove Forest Ecology Ecology Health Space Ecology Rural Ecology Insect Ecology Habitat Ecology Preservation Animal Ecology Antiquity Ecology Production Social Ecology Radiation Ecology Plant Ecology Disrupting Landscape Molecular Ecology Robot Ecology Industrial Ecology Reference See also Biomass Ecosystem Habitat Niches (ecology) Outside link Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

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Question: What is 5 ecological tinctants?

Ecology

Category:Biology


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The thought of evolution, namely that species change over time, has taken root since ancient times.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Such thinking can be seen in the science of Greek, Roman, Chinese, and Islamic civilizations.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

However, up to the 18th century, Western biological views were still dominated by the view of essentialism, that is, the view that life forms do not change.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

This began to change when the influence of evolutionary cosmology and mechanical philosophy spread from physical science to natural history.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Naturalists began focusing on species diversity, and the rise of the science of paleontology with the concept of its extinction further refuted the view that nature is static.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In the early 19th century, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck put forward his theory regarding transmutation of species.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

This theory was the first scientific theory of evolution.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In 1858, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a new theory of evolution.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In his book On the Origin of Species (1859), Darwin in detail explained the mechanisms of evolution.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In contrast to Lamarck, Darwin put forward the concept of a common ancestor and branching of the tree of life constituted by natural selection.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Darwin's work on evolution with segara was quickly accepted, but his proposed mechanism (natural selection), was not fully accepted until the 1940s. Most biologists argue that other factors are driving evolution, such as inheritance of acquired traits (neo-Lamarckism), the impulse of changes brought from birth (orthogenesis), or sudden massive mutations (saltation).


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The synthesis of natural selection with Mendel genetics during the 1920s and 1930s gave rise to the field of the disciplines of population genetics.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

During the 1930s and 1940s, population genetics integrated with other areas of biological science, enabling widespread application of evolutionary theory in biology.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

After the advent of evolutionary biology, studies into mutations and variations in natural populations, combined with biogeography and systematics, succeeded in producing sophisticated models of evolution.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In addition paleontology and anatomical comparisons permit more detailed reconstructions of life histories.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

After the revival of molecular genetics in the 1950s, the field of molecular evolution based on the study of protein sequences, immunological assays, RNA and DNA evolved.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

A gene-centered view of evolution emerged in the 1960s, followed by the theory of neutral molecular evolution.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In the late 20th century, DNA sequencing gave birth to molecular phylogenetics and remodelled the tree of life into three domain systems by Carl Woese.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In addition, additional factors such as symbiogenesis and horizontal gene transfer are also found, which makes evolutionary history more complex.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Discoveries in evolutionary biology made significant impacts not only in traditional branches of biology, but also other academic disciplines (e.g. anthropology and psychology) and society in outline. [1]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Ancient Greek Proposal-proporsal that one kind of animal, even human, can be descended from other types of animals, is known to have originated with the first pre-Socratic Greek philosophers.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Anaximander of Miletus (s. 610 — 546 BC) proposed that the first animals lived in water, in the wet phase of Earth's past tense, and that the first ancestors of mankind to live ashore should have been born in water, and only lived part of their lifetime on land.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

He also argued that the first humans of the form known today should have been the child of a different kind of animal (possibly fish), as humans needed early care to live. [3] [4] [2] In the late nineteenth century, Anaximander was referred to as “the first Darwinist”, but this characterization is not much agreed. [5]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Anaximander's hypothesis can be considered “evolutionary” in an essence, although it is not Darwinian. [5]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Empedokles (s. 490 — 430 BC), argues that what people call born-dead animals are jumbled and elemental separation that causes untold “tribes of living things”. [6]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Specifically, the first animals and plants are like disconnected parts of those seen today, some survived by joining in different combinations, and then combined during embryo development, [lower-alpha 1] and where “every thing changes if needed, there are creatures that survive, inadvertently component in a decent way. “[7]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Other philosophers who were more influential at that time, including Plato (c. 428/427 — 348/347 BC), Aristotle (384 — 322 BC), and members of the Stoic philosophy, believed that all kinds of things, not only living things, were determined by divine design.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Plato was called “the great opponent of evolutionism” by biologist Ernst Mayr, [8] because he promoted the belief in essentialism, which is also referred to as Forms theory.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

This theory states that every type of nature in the observed tang world is a perfect embodiment of the idea, form or “species” that defines the type.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In his work Timaeus, for example, Plato has a character who tells a story that the Demiurge formed the cosmos and every thing in that because, being good, and so that, “... free from the stopover, he wanted that every thing should be like himself accordingly with which they can do.”


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The creator made a life form feasible, so that “... without them, the universe would be incomplete, for it is not made up of all kinds of jewan that populate each other, if this is perfect.”


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

This “plenitud principle"—the idea that entire potential life forms are essential to perfect creation—greatly influenced Christian thought. [9]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

However, some historians of science question how much of Plato's essentialism influenced natural philosophy by stating that some philosophers after Plato believed that species can transform and the idea that biological species are perfect and accumulate characteristics immutable essentials that had no effect until the beginning of biological taxonomy in the 17th and 18th centuries. [10]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Aristotle, the most influential Greek philosopher in Europe, was a pupil of Plato as well as the earliest natural historian whose work is presented in the actual explanation.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

His writings on biology resulted from his research on natural history above and around the island of Lesbos, and are listed in the form of four books, usually known by their Latin names, De anima (About the Soul), Historia animalium (History of Animals), De generatione animalium (Generation of Para Animals), and De partibus animalium (About the Parts of the Animals).


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Aristotle's works contain accurate observations, consisting of his own theory of body mechanisms. [11]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

For Charles Singer, however, “Nothing is more remembered than [Aristotle's] attempt to [show off] the relationship of living beings as a scala naturae. “[11] scala naturae, described in Historia animalium, classify organisms in association with a hierarchical but static “Ladder of Life” or “chain of being”, placing them based on the complexity of their structure and function, with organisms that exhibits greater vitality and ability for movement referred to as “higher organisms”. [9]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Aristotle believed that the features of living organisms display clearly that they have what he calls a final cause, stating that their form adapts their function. [12]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

He clearly rejected Empedokles's view that living beings originate from change. [13]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Other Greek philosophers, such as Zeno of Citium (334 — 262 BC) the founder of the Stoic stream of philosophy, agreed with Aristotle and other philosophers of earlier times that nature showed clear evidence of draft for a purpose; this view became known as teleology. [14]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The Roman Stoic philosopher Cicero (106 — 43 BC) wrote that Zeno was known to hold the segued view, especially to Stoic physics, that his principal nature was “directed and concentrated... to be secured for the world... the best structure worthy of the defense of life. “[15]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Epicurus (341 — 270 BC) anticipated the idea of natural selection.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The Roman philosopher and atomist Lukretius (s. 99 — 55 BC) referred to the idea in his poem De rerum natura (About the Nature of All Things).


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In the Epicurean system, some life forms are thought to arise spontaneously from Gaia in the time of the almpau, but only the most functional forms survive filtering.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Epicurean adherents do not hold the full theory of evolution as known today, but seem to believe separate abiogenetic events for each species.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

China Ancient Chinese thinkers such as Zhuang Zhou (s. 369 — 286 BC), a Daoist philosopher, expressed ideas about changes in biological species.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

According to Joseph Needham, Taoism explicitly rejects the species-biology ordnance and Daoist philosophers speculate that species develop different attributes in response to different environments. [16]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Taoism considers man, nature and heaven to be present in a state of “constant transformation” known as Taoist, contrasting with the more static view of the natural type of Western thought. [17]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The Roman Poem Lukretius De rerum natura provides the best extant explanation of the ideas of the Greek Epicurian philosophers.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The work describes the development of cosmo, Earth, living beings and mankind through purely naturalistic mechanisms, without any reference to supernatural involvement.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

De rerum natura would influence the cosmological and evolutionary speculations of philosophers and scientists during and after the Renaissance. [18] [19] This view contrasts sharply with the views of Roman philosophers of the Stoic stream such as Cicero, Seneca the Younger (s. 4 BC — 65 AD), and Pliny the Old (23 — 79 AD) who had a highly teleological view of the natural world that influenced Christian theology. [14]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Cicero reports that the Stoic and peripatetic view of nature as an agency that on a basic basis strongly highlights a life “highly adapted for the defense of life” was held among the Hellenistic elite. [15]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Origenes and Augustine In line with earlier Greek thought, the third-century Christian philosopher and Church Father Origenes of Aleksandria held that the story of creation in the Book of Genesis should be interpreted as an allegory for the fall of the human soul away from divine glory, and rather than as a literal historical record: [21] [22] For whoever has an understanding of the creation of the first day, and second, and third, and evening and morning, occurring without the sun, and not, and the stars?


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

And the first day, as mentioned, is also without the sky?


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

And who is joking about creation from God, carrying out the act of the creator, planting a paradise in Eden, to the east, and placing it the tree of life, which is visible and conspicuous, so that one feels a fruit with teeth aggravately affecting life?


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

And again, that one is a partaker of good and evil by taking what impact is taken from said tree?


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

And if God was said to walk in paradise in the afternoon, and Adam hid himself under a tree, I am not surprised that anyone doubting these things figuratively indicated certain mysteries, histories placed in appearance, rather than in literally. —Origen, About First Principles In the fourth century AD, the bishop and theologian Augustine of Hippo followed Origenes by arguing that the creation story of the Book of Genesis should not be read too literally.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In his book De Genesi ad litteram (On the Literal Deciphering of the Book of Genesis), he states that in some cases, new beings can come through the “decomposition” of previous life forms. [20]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

For Augustine, “the life of plants, fowl and animals was not perfect... but created in a state of potentiality,” unlike what he considered the form of angels, firmaments and theologically perfect human souls. [23]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Augustine's idea 'that life forms have transformed “slowly through time"' led Romo Giuseppe Tanzella-Nitti, Professor of Theology at the Papal University of Santa Croce in Rome, to claim that Augustine had suggestioned the form of evolution. [24] [25] Henry Fairfield Osborn wrote in From the Greeks to Darwin (1894): “If Augustine's orthodoxy were still the teachings of the Church, the final founding of Evolution would have come much earlier than it did, perhaps in the eighteenth century instead of the nineteenth, and a more bitter controversy over the truth From this nature will never arise.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In short because the direct or instant creation of animals and plants seemed taught in the Book of Genesis, Augustine read it in the spotlight of primary cause and gradual development from imperfection to Aristotle's perfection.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

This most influential teacher derived the opinions of his followers who were strongly aligned with the progressive views of present-day theologians who accepted the theory of Evolution. “[26]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom (1896), Andrew Dickson White wrote of Augustine's attempt to present an ancient evolutionary agreement for creation as follows: “For those times a widely accepted doctrine that water, carcasses and dirt grabbing power from the Creator to create caterpillars, insects and various small animals; and this doctrine has been especially welcomed by Saint Augustine and some of the Romos, since it tells the creation of the Almighty, the naming of Adam, and the life of Noah on the ark with species- such countless species. “[27]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In the De Genesi contra Manichæos by Augustine, about the Book of Genesis he said: “Stating that God formed man from dust with a ragawi hand is too childish....


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Allah does not form man with evil hands nor does He seize them with throats and lips.”


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Augustine states in other works about the theory of the subsequent development of insects, and the adoption of old emanations or evolutionary theories, suggesting that “certain very small animals were not created on the fifth and sixth days, but began from putrefied matter.”


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Related to De Trinitate (About the Trinity) of Augustine's work, White states that Augustine “... developed the view that in the creation of living beings, there is such a thing as growth—that God is the absolute author, besides works through secondary causes; and finally states that certain substances are driven by God with the power of producing certain classes of plants and animals. “[28]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Medieval Islamic philosophy and struggle of existence Although Greek and Roman ideas of evolution were abandoned in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire, they were not abandoned among Islamic philosophers and scholars.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In the Islamic Golden Age from the 18th to the 13th centuries, philosophers explored ideas about natural history.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

The idea includes transmutation from unliving to life: “from minerals into plants, from plants to animals, and from animals into humans. “[29]


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In the Islamic world in medieval times, the scholar al-Jāṣi( 776 — s. 868) wrote in his book of artificial animals in the 9th century.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Conway Zirkle, who wrote about natural history in 1941, said that an expert on the work was the only relevant chapter she found from an Arab scholar.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

He provided a quotation describing the struggle for existence, quoting a Spanish translation of the work: “Every living being defeats a weaker being than himself.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

Strong animals cannot escape from other animals that are stronger than they are.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

And in responding to it, humans are no different from animals, some respect for others, even though they do not come with the same extremity.


Question: When was the theory of evolution invented?

History of evolutionary thought

In short, God removes some people as a cause of life for others, and apparently, He removes others as the cause of the death of some people. “[30]