Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

His film tells about Slank's career journey in choreographic form.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The Slank personnel became themselves.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

There are 3 elements in the film.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The first is the animation, choreo, and documentary Slank which mostly takes scenes at Slankers Day events.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Many of Slank's songs were also played in the film were later released album with additional two songs, namely Slank Dance and Monogamy.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

On IMDB, the rating for the Blue Generation film received a score of 7.4.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

No Death 2013, at the age of 30 years, Slank specifically presents a variety of special offerings for Slankers who always faithfully accompany Slank in any situation there are: a big screen movie, a Road To 30th concert, a grand concert of 30th Anniversary and a new album Slank whose whole refers to one jargon that is Slank No Dead.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

This is the 20th album, there are 11 songs.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

This album was produced by himself with SLANK Record as executive producer, PT.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Virgo Ramayana Music & Entertainment as distributor & Slank Records/PT.Nadaku Musik as publisher.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

They cooperated with KFC Indonesia & Music Factory.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The album was recorded during ramadan, 12— 31 July 2013 at Slank Rec studio, Potlot, which was recorded as well as robbed-end by Nandathebreng.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Mastering the album was worked on by Hok Laij.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The album is released in compact disc and is available in all KFC stores throughout Indonesia.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

In it, Slank also included Soekarno's speech at the beginning of the song Nginindonesia (courtesy of Youtube).


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Slank's one-stage reunion with his former personnel Pay (guitar), Reynold (guitar) and Indra Q (keyboard, piano), which was when celebrating its 30th anniversary in Gelora Bung Karno, December 13, 2013.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Minus Bongky who has never participated in a concert together.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Ngeslank Rame-Rame On the 31st anniversary, Slank teamed up with Husein Sastranegara International Airport to stage a concert themed Ngeslank Rame - Rame event took place smoothly and festively, many guest stars attended such as Tata Janeeta, Poppy Sovia etc.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The discography of Colombia Album Studio Suit...


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Suit...


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

He...


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

He..


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

(Sexy Girl) (1990) Kampung (1991) Piss! (1993) Blue Generation (1994) Minority (1996) Again Sad (1997) Seven (1998) Eyes Heart Reform (1998) 999+09 (Grey) (1999) 999+09 (Blue) (1999) De Bestnya Slank (2000) Ngangkang - Single (2001) Virus (2001) One One (2003) Road to Peace (2004) PLUR (2004) A Mild Live Soundrenaline Reborn Republic Slank (2005) Slankkissm (2006) Slankography (Repackaged) (2006) Slow But Sure (2007) The Big Hip (2008 Anthem For The Broken Hearted (2009) Kick Tandur No. 18 (2010) I Slank U Mini Album (2012) I Slank U Repackage I Slank U The Album (2012) Mini Album (2012) Slank Nggak Ada Mati (2013) Indonesia WOW - Single (2014) NgesLank Rame Rame - Single (2014) Halal (religious single) (2015) Restart Heart (2015) Pala Lo Peyank (2017) Live Album Concert Piss 30 Kota (1998) Virus Roadshow (2002) Pirated (2003) Road to Peace (2004) Soundtrack Album Ost.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Get Married (2007) Ost.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Blue Generation (2009) Ost.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Get Married 2 (2009) Slank Party (2011) Mini Album I Slank U (2012) Islanku (ISL-Slank) (2013) Sponsored Album I Slank U Nexian by Hp Nexian IslanKu (ISL - Slank) By Colombia Slank Super League Slank is a peace-loving group and in fact Slank does not only manage to seize the hearts of fans, But Slank has also managed to raise the spirit and solidarity of a generation to have attitude.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

And Slank has a fanatical and creative group of fans, known as Slankers and girls fans are known as SLANKY [4].


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Slank Fan Club Slank Fan Club (SFC) is the official club formed by Slank management to house the fanatical fans of Slank.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The Slankers Club which is the crucible of the Slankers was formed when Slank performed the 30-city Piss Concert in 1998.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Our Lady of Iffet, as Slank ager sees the existing community of Slankers must be empowered.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Therefore when Slank concert in Malang, a group of Slankers was held by the Mother to be briefed.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The idea of Mother to give a container for Slankers which is now named Slank Fans Club. [11].


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

During a concert at Southorn Stadium, Hong Kong, Slank inaugurated the formation of a slankers group in Hong Kong.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The inauguration of the Hong Kong Community Slankers (Comsho) was marked by the cutting of tumpeng by Bimbim and Our Lady of Ifet.]


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Slank Bulletin To pass information to the Slankers, Slank and his management decided to create a newsletter which was then called by the name of the Slank Bulletin.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

This bulletin contains itineraries, short stories of slank stage tour trips and so on.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The name of the newsletter itself is used as a symbol for the slankers to circle the schedule of slank activities in their respective activity calendars.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

It was this Slank Bulletin that later evolved into the Slank Newspaper.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Slank Newspaper Slank was published first on 10 March 2002.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Trivia Almost 90% of Slank's songs were created by Bimbim.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

When Bimbim was in surgery, Slank remained playing in the show on air on television without Bimbim.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Bimbim watches his friends play from the television.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

According to Ivan, Abdee once kicked until it dropped his amps and head out of an upset to the sound of his guitar not going the way he wanted.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Abdee and Ivan are from one band the Flash.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

And Ivan was the one who recommended Abdee to fill Reynold's departure in 1996 Ridho had a business place Futsal Kaka was a rocker who only finished Primary School.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

He dropped out during junior high school Kaka's initial ideal was to be a football player Bongky, Indra and Pay formed a band called BIP after coming out of Slank When Bimbim sang at a concert, it was almost certain the whole Slanker was seated.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Bunda Iffet once wrote a book in 2004 and titled Bundaku Sayang Besides as a guitarist, Ridho also played keyboards for Slank songs using piano/keyboard.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

This is because among the Slank personnel, Ridho is the most fluent in playing the instrument In 2002, Abdee had a jam session with famous guitarist, Paul Gilbert.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Although only a few minutes.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

And in 2006, Abdee became the opening artist at Paul Gilbert's concert in Ancol together with Eet Sjahranie (Edane), and John Paul Ivan (Ex.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Boomerang (band)) by performing the song Juwita Malam by Ismail Marzuki.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Slank often distributes bonuses on every album that is released.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

His bonuses vary.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

From stickers, calendars, posters, masks, guitar picks, boxers, handphone straps, sweatshirts, and even condoms.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

It was intended for people especially Slanker to buy the original product.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Slank is an indie band, because they are the producers themselves Slank song titled Lagi Easy (Seven album), re-arranged by female singer Melanie Soebono, who is also the son of promoter Adrie Soebono Slank has a crew named Jaddah Slank Abdee once became a guitar consultant at GuitarPlus magazine from 2004-2006.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

There, readers can send questions about guitar and answered directly by Abdee Lagu Slank titled Too Sweet included in 30 Acoustic Songs Mandatory Kulik magazine version GuitarPlus May 2005 Slank song titled Juwita Night was never included in the best re-arranged song version same magazine, GuitarPlus Slank's first album, Suit-suit...


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

He He (d. 1990), is recognized by some musicians as his favorite album.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Call it Faith (J-Rocks, Funky Corporal), Opet Alatas (Ticket, GIGI), and guitarist Eet Sjahranie (Edane, God Bless) Ridho once gave guitars to Eet Sjahranie.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The guitar given is his endorsement guitar Ridho.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

The personnel of Slank have the same hobby sport that is football and once founded SSC (Slank Soccer Club) Abdee also had been noted to have helped Sherina, to fill her slide guitar game in a song titled Slank song titled Indeed, Blue Island, and Killed Deserted in in 150 Best songs of all time Rolling Stone magazine version Indonesia Album Slank Suit-suit...


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

He and Kampungan entered into the 150 Best Albums of All Time Rolling Stones magazine version Indonesia Album The Big Hip also entered as the best album in 2008 version Rolling Stone Indonesia magazine Reference Links outside Colombia (in Indonesian) on Kapanlagi.com (in Indonesian) (in English) (in English) (in English) at Gatra.com (in English) (in Indonesian) at Kompas.com News of the Slank concert in Hong Kong in SUARA newspaper, an Indonesian-language media circulating in Hong Kong.


Question: When was Starvision founded?

Slank

Category:Indonesian blues music groups Category:Music Groups from Jakarta Category:Indonesian rock music groups Category:Indonesian pop culture figures


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Solvents are liquids capable of dissolving other substances that are generally in the form of solids without undergoing chemical changes. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

In the form of liquids and solids, each molecule is bound to each other due to the attraction between molecules, the pulling force will affect the formation of the solution.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

If there is a solute in a solvent, the solute particles will disperse throughout the solvent.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

This causes the form of the solute to adjust to its solvent form. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Solution and Solubility Solution is formed from a homogeneous mixture of substances, in which the solvent has components with a greater amount than the solute.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

A solution with a maximum amount of solute at a certain temperature is called a saturated solution.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

The abundance of solutes in a liter of saturated solution at a certain temperature is called solubility. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

If a solute is introduced into a solvent, the solute particles will disperse throughout the solvent.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

The ease with which solute particles replace solvent molecules depends on the relative strength of the interactions between solvent-solvents, interactions between soluved-solutes, and interactions between solvent-solutes.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

If the pull attracts the solvent-solvent is stronger than the pull pull solvent-solvent and the attraction attracts the solute, then the dissolving process will take place, this process is called the exotherm reaction.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

If the solvent-solvent interaction is weaker than the solvent-solvent interaction and the solute-substance interaction then this process is called an endotherm reaction. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Aquoeus and Nonaquoeus solvents In a chemical recitation, not all proton transfer reactions take place in an aqueous medium.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Nonaqueous solvents can be selected for the reaction of easily hydrolyzed molecules, it aims to avoid equalization by water and to increase solubility of solutes in such solvents. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Nonaqueous solvents are often selected based on the liquid level and its dielectic constant.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Usually the solvent used to dissolve a substance is water.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

There are some things that allow solvents other than water to be used such as dissolving strong bases in water which would make strong bases react with the water producing OH-.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

In liquid ammonia, it can be used NH2- ions that are stronger in its base compared to OH-. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Organic and inorganic solvents Organic solvents are solvents that generally contain carbon atoms in their molecules.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

In organic solvents, solutes are based on their coordination ability and dielectric constant.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Organic solvents can be polar and non-polar depending on the polarant group they have.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

In the process of solubility in organic solvents, usually the reaction occurs slowly so it needs energy obtained by heating to optimize the solubility condition. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

The resulting solution is not an electrical conductor.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Examples of organic solvents are alcohols, ethers, esters, ethyl acetate, ketones, and so on.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Inorganic solvents are solvents other than water that have no organic components in them.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

In inorganic solvents, solutes are connected with the concept of a solvent system capable of autotoionizing the solvent.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Usually inorganic solvents are solvents that are polar so they are insoluble in organic and non-polar solvents.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

The resulting solution is a good electrical conductor. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Examples of inorganic solvents are ammonia, sulfuric acid and sulfuril chlorid fluorid.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Protic and Aprotic Solvents with relative static permittivity values (εr) greater than 15 (such as poles or polarizations) can be divided into protic and aprotic.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Protic solvents strongly dissolve anions (negatively charged solutions) through hydrogen bonds.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Water includes polar protic solvents.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Solvents such as acetone or dichloromethane tend to have large dipole moments (separation of negative partial charge and positive partial charge in the same molecule) and dissolve positively charged spesions through negative dipoles. [1]


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

In chemical reactions the use of polar protic solvents supports the SN1 reaction mechanism, whereas polar aprotic solvents support the SN2 reaction mechanism.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Solvents in Chemical Reactions Not all proton transfer reactions are on the water medium.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Non water solvents also include hydrolyzed molecular reactions to add solubility from solutes.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Non water solvents are usually viewed by their dilution, their autotoionization properties and their relative permittivity value (εr).


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Reactions in ammonia solvents Liquid ammonia are widely used as non water solvents.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Ammonia boils at 33°C at one atmosphere and despite having a lower relative permittivity than water, ammonia is both used as a solvent for inorganic compounds such as ammonium salts, nitrates, cyanide, and thiocyanide, and organic compounds such as amines, alcohols, and esters.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Ammonia is similar to water when viewed from its autoionization.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Liquid ammonia is a more alkaline solvent than water and increases acidity in many compounds that are weak acids in water. 2NH3 (l) ↔ NH4+ (sol) + NH2- (sol) Reaction in Hydrogen Fluoride Liquid hydrogen fluoride (bp 19.5°C) is an acidic solvent with relative permittivity (εr=84 at temperature 0°C) is proportional to water (εr=78 at 25°C).


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Hydrogen fluoride is a good solvent for ionic substances.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

However these solvents are highly reactive and toxic.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Hydrogen fluoride is especially dangerous because it penetrates tissues quickly and disrupts nerve function.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

As a result, burns may go undetected and treatment may be delayed.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

It can also scratch bones and react with calcium in the blood.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Liquid hydrogen fluoride is a highly acidic solvent because it has a high autoprotolysis constant and easily produces dissolved protons. 3HF (l) ↔ H2F+ (sol) + HF2- Reaction in Anhydrous Sulfuric Acid Anhydrous sulfuric acid is an acid solvent that has a relative permittivity that high because there are hydrogen bonds, but these solvents can be autotoionized at room temperature.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

Some acids when dissolved in water solvents will be strong acids but in anhydrous sulfuric acid solvents act as weak acids, e.g. perchloric acid, hClO4, and fluorosulfur acid, HFSO3. 2 H2SO4 (l) ↔ H3SO4+ (sol) + HSO4- Reaction in Dinitrogen Tetroxide tetroxide (N2O4) has a freezing point at -11.2°C and a boiling point at 21.2°C.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

This dinitrogen tetroxide has a relative permittivity of 2.4 so it is an unfavorable solvent for most inorganic compounds, but nevertheless this solvent is good for esters, carboxylic acids, halides, and organic nitro compounds.


Question: What is Aquoeus Solvent?

Solvents in chemical reactions

N2O4 (l) ↔ NO+ (soles) + NO3- (soles) N2O4 (l) ↔ NO2+ (soles) + NO2- (soles) Category:Chemistry Category:Solvents


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy (Italy), officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica Italiana [1] [2] [3] [4], is a unitary state parliamentary republic in Europe [note 1] Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy borders France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and the Vatican.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy covers an area of 301.338 km² (116,347 mi²), and is influenced by the temperate climate and mediterranean climate.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Judging by the shape, maps of Italy are shaped like boots or in Italy are often called lo Stivale [5] [6].


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

With a population of 61 million people, Italy is the fourth most populated EU member state.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Since the Classic Era, Italy has been inhabited by various peoples and civilizations.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Like the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, and the ancient Greeks who established settlements in the south of Italy, the Etruscans and Kelts inhabited central and northern Italy, as well as Ancient Italian tribes and Italic peoples scattered throughout the Italian Peninsula and Insular Italy (Sardinia and Sicily).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italic tribes or known as the Latins formed the Roman Kingdom which eventually worked into a republic that successfully conquered and assimilated other nearby civilizations.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Rome eventually emerged as the dominant power in the mediterranean basin, successfully conquering much of the ancient world and becoming the leading cultural, political and religious center in Western civilization.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Relics of the Roman Empire are widespread and can be seen in the global distribution channels of civil law, republican rule, Christianity and Latin writing.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

During the Middle Ages, Italy suffered a sociopolitical collapse amid adverse barbarian invasions, but by the 11th century many Italian city-states and maritime republics rose to achieve prosperity through shipping, trade, and banking, laying the foundation for capistalism modern [7].


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The independent statelets [note 2], which acted as Europe's main trading centre with Asia and the Near East, enjoyed a greater degree of democracy and wealth compared to the feudal monarchies consolidating throughout Europe at the time.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Most of Central Italy remained under the control of the theocratic Papal States, while Southern Italy was feudal until the 19th century, as a result of a succession of Byzantine, Arab, Norman, Spanish, and Bourbon conquests in the region. [8]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Renaissance began from Italy and spread throughout Europe, by bringing a renewed interest in humanism, science, exploration and art.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

At this time Italian culture was flourishing, and produced well-known scholars, artists and polymatists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo, Michelangelo, and Machiavelli.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Also famous Italian explorers such as Marco Polo, Christopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci and Giovanni da Verrazzano who discovered new routes to the Far East and the New World, which aided the European Age of Exploration.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nevertheless, Italy's commercial and political power diminished with the opening of the Atlantic trade route and the route to the Indian Ocean via the Cape of Good Hope crossing the Middle Sea. [9] [10] [11] And again, Italian city-states continued to engage in bloody warfare, culminating in The Italian wars of the 15th and 16th centuries, which eventually left them exhausted, with no one emerging as the dominant power.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Weakened rulers soon fell victim to the conquests of European powers such as France, Spain and Austria.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the mid-19th century, there emerged a movement in support of Italian nationalism and independence from foreign control.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

This movement led to a revolutionary political upheaval called the Risorgimento to unite the countries in Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After various failed attempts, finally the Italian War of Independence and the Expedition of the Thousand succeeded in unifying the countries of Italy in 1861, and is now a great power after centuries of foreign domination. [12].


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Italian New Kingdom rapidly industrialized, especially in the north, and colonial empires, [13] while in the south most were still poor and excluded from industrialization, and fueled a large and influential diaspora. [14]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Despite being one of the main cast in World War I, Italy experienced a period of economic crisis and social chaos, leading to the rise of a fascist dictatorship in 1922.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Subsequent participation in World War II on the Axis side ended in military defeat, economic destruction, and Italian civil wars.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After liberation and rise of resistance, Italy abolished the monarchy and restored democracy, enjoyed a prolonged economic boom, freed from sociopolitical chaos (such as, Anni di Piombo, Mani pulite, Second Mafia War, Maxi Trial and assassination of anti-mafia officials) and became a major developed country. [15] [16] [17] Currently, Italy has the third largest economy in the Eurozone and the eighth largest in the world.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Has a very high rate of human development and is ranked sixth in the world for life expectancy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country plays an important role in regional as well as global economic, military, cultural and diplomatic affairs, and is a regional power [18] [19] and a great power. [20] [21] Italy is a founder and leading member of the European Union and a member of various international institutions such as the UN, NATO, OECD, OSCE, WTO, G7/G8, G20, Union for the Mediterranean, European Assembly, Uniting for Consensus, and more.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As a reflection of its cultural wealth, Italy is home to 51 World Heritage Sites, is the most numerous, and is the fifth most visited country in the world.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The etymology of “Italian” etymology assumptions are numerous, and the collection of solutions written by historians, and the language is very long. [22]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to one of the more general explanations, the Italian term, from Latin: Italian [23], is borrowed through Greek from Oska Víteliú meaning “land of the calf” (compare: Latin vitulus “calf”, Umbrian language vitlo “calf”) [24].


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The bull or cow was once a symbol of tribes in southern Italy, and was often depicted butting Roman wolves as a symbol of unwillingness to cede Italian independence during the Social War.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Greek historian Dionysios of Halikarnassos states a treatise together with the legend that Italy was named so in honor of Italus [25] as mentioned Aristotle [26], and Thukidides [27].


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian name was originally used only to refer to the region that is now called Southern Italy, according to Antiokus of Syracuse, the southern part of the Bruttium Peninsula (now Calabria, the Province of Reggio, and part of the Province of Catanzaro and the Province of Vibo Valentia).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

But in this time of Antiocus Enotri and Italian became synonyms, and this name also applies to most of Lucania.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Greeks over time applied the name “Italy” to a larger area, but in the time of Emperor Augustus (late 1st century BC) this term extended to the entire peninsula until the Alps. [28]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Prehistoric History and Antiquity The results of excavations throughout Italy have successfully revealed the presence of Neanderthals that have existed since Paleolithic times, approximately 200,000 years ago, [29] Modern humans were present at roughly 40,000 years ago.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The ancient peoples of pre-Roman Italy — such as the Umbrians, the Latins (the origin of the Romans), the Volskians, the Samniums, the Kelts, and the Ligurians who inhabited northern Italy, and many others — constituted the Indo-Europeans; the main historical societies that did not including Indo-Europeans were the Etruscans, the Elimi people, the Sikani people of Sicily and the prehistoric people of Sardinia.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Between the 17th and 11th centuries BC the Mykenai Greeks established relations with Italy [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] and in the 8th and 7th centuries BC Greek colonies established along the coast of Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula became known as Great Greece.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Also the Funisians established colonies on the coasts of Sardinia and Sicily.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Ancient Romans were originally a small farming community discovered in roughly the 8th century BC, which developed over the centuries into a magnificent empire covering the entire area of the Middle Sea, where the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Romans melted into a single civilization.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

This civilization is quite influential and its relics can be felt all over the world.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Ancient Roman was highly influential for, and left its imprint on government, law, politics, administration, cities, engineering, philosophy, architecture, and modern art, becoming the foundation for Western civilization.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

A collapse that progressed slowly since the late 2nd century AD, the empire ultimately broke into two parts by 395 AD: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The western passage — under the pressure of the Franka, Vandals, Huns, Goths, and other nations of Eastern Europe — finally broke apart in 476 AD, when the last emperor of Western Roman was overthrown by the leader of the Barbarians, Odoaker.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Middle Ages After the collapse of Rome, Italy was conquered by Germanic tribes (Ostrogoths), but in the 6th century the Eastern Roman/Byzantine Emperor (Justinianus) conquered it.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The invasion of other Germanic tribes (namely the Langobardians) at the end of the same century narrowed the Byzantines to just one land strip of Ravenna and Rome, plus other lands in the south of Italy, destroying the unity of the Italian peninsula until 1870.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The rulers of Langobardi in northern and central Italy were absorbed into the Kingdom of Franka by Charlemagne in the late 8th century.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Franka kings also assisted in the establishment of papal states in central Italy, stretching from Rome to Ravenna, although during most of the Middle Ages the Papacy effectively controlled only Latium.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The existence of this theocratic state stretched out through centuries of peninsular unification.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Until the 13th century, Italian politics was dominated by relations between the German Holy Roman Emperors and the popes with most Italian cities siding with the former (Ghibellini) or to (Guelfi) for the sake of momentary convenience.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

It was during this time of power vacuum that Italy witnessed the rise of a prevalent institution, the medieval commune.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the anarchic conditions that often prevailed in various city-states in medieval Italy, societies organized their own to restore order and disarm hostile elites.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the 12th century, a league of communes, the Langobardi League conquered the German emperor, Frederick Barbarossa, and became the starting point for the process of granting effective independence for most cities in northern and central Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Despite the devastation caused by various wars, Italy is still preserved, especially in the northern, and central parts, a more developed urban civilization.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the same period, Italy witnessed the emergence of several maritime republics, the most notable being the Republic of Venice, the Republic of Genoa, the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Amalfi.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Involved in several Crusades, they took advantage in terms of mercantile, and political opportunities.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Venice, and Genoa soon thereafter became Europe's main gateway for trade with the Eastern World, establishing colonies up to as far as the Black Sea, and often controlling much of the trade with the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) and the Islamic World of the Middle East.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Savoy area expanded its territory until the peninsula in the Late Middle Ages, while Firenze developed into a highly organized trading and financial city-state, and became the capital of Europe for the commodities of silk, wool, banking, and jewelry.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

To the south, Byzantine Sicily became an Islamic emirate in the 9th century, which flourished until the Norman-Italians conquered it in the late 11th century along with most of the Langobardi and Byzantine states in southern Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Through a complex series of events, southern Italy developed as a united kingdom, first under the Hohenstaufen Wangsa, then under the Wangsa of Kapetia Anjou and from the 15th century, the Aragonese Wangsa (although Sicily was a separate kingdom of the Aragonese people since the late 13th century to the 15th century).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In Sardinia, the former Byzantine provinces became independent states recognizable as giudicati (territory of the magistrates), although most of the island was under the control of the Genoese and the Pisans until the Aragonese conquered it in the 15th century.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The pandemic early modern of the Black Death in 1348 left its mark on Italy by killing a third of the population. [37] [38] Nevertheless, the depravity of the Black Death actually triggered the rise of cities, trade, and economy that so great stimulated the stages- stages of Humanism and the Renaissance, cultural movements that were both born on this peninsula, and then spread throughout Europe.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the 14th and 15th centuries, central and hulu-southern Italy were divided into a number of warring city-states, while other areas of the peninsula were controlled by Naples and the larger papal states.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The strongest among these city-states annexed the surrounding territories which gave birth to signoria, namely regional states led by merchant families who established local wangsas.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Dominated by merchant oligarchs, they enjoyed the advancement of the arts, well-preserved academies, and relative freedom.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Inter-state warfare in the region is commonplace, raids from outside Italy caging into sporadic attacks by the Holy Roman Emperors.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

These wars were mainly fought by merchants referred to as the Condottiere, a collection of soldiers from all over Europe, but particularly Germany and Switzerland led by Italian captains. [39]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Decades of warfare had ushered in the Republic of Florence, the Duchy of Milan, and the Republic of Venice to grow as the dominant players who agreed to the Treaty of Lodi in 1454, which witnessed the relative tranquility present in the region for the first time for centuries.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

This peace proceeded for the next forty years and Venice's undisputed hegemony over the seas had also brought unprecedented peace during the 15th century.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Renaissance reached its peak in the mid-16th century when foreign raids had plunged the region into the throes of the Italian Wars.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After all, the idea, and ideal of the Renaissance persisted, and even continued to spread to other European regions, inspiring both the Northern Renaissance and the English Renaissance.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Meanwhile, the Exploration of Kristoforus Colombus, the discovery of new routes to Asia by the Portuguese, and the rise of the Ottoman Sultanate—all factors eroding traditional Italian dominance in trade with the Eastern World—began to rewind the peninsula's economy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After the Italian Wars (1494-1559), Italy witnessed a relatively long period of peace, first under the Spanish Habsburgs (1559-1713), and then under the Austrian Habsburgs (1713—1796).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Repeated plagues came back to haunt Italy in the 14th to 17th centuries.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the first paro of the 17th century, a plague of the didaku had claimed 1.7 million victims, or roughly 14% of the Italian population. [40]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

When Spain went into decline in the 17th century, the same happened to its colonies in Italy, namely Naples, Sicily, Sardinia, and Milan.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Southern Italy suffered a fallout, unstuck and broke with key events in Europe. [41]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nevertheless, Italy still contributed to European culture, giving birth to the Baroque Style.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the 18th century, as an impact of the War of the Spanish Succession, Austria replaced Spain as the dominant foreign power, while the Savoy Wangsa grew as a regional primary power extending all the way to Piemonte and Sardinia.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In this century, the idea of the Enlightenment influenced the rulers of Italy, hacking the way to reforms that began economic recovery in Tuskani and northern Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

During the War of the Napoleonic era, the northern, and central parts of the country were occupied, and then part of it was annexed into the Empire, and parts were again structured as a new Kingdom of Italian—actually as a puppet state of the French Empire— [42] while the southern paro the peninsula was taken care of by Joachim Murat, Napoleon's brother-in-law, who was tabled as King of Naples.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1814 the Congress of Vienna restored the situation at the end of the 18th century, but the ideals of the French Revolution could not be removed.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The unification of Italy and the Italian Liberal Establishment of the Kingdom of Italy was the result of efforts made by Italian nationalists and royal vassals loyal to the Savoy Wangsa to establish a united state that covered all the territories of the Italian Peninsula.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the context of the 1848 liberal revolutions that swept across Europe, a failed war was declared by Austria.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Kingdom of Sardinia again invaded the Austrian Empire in the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859, with help from France, which had an impact on the liberation of Langobardi.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1860—1861, Giuseppe Garibaldi led the reins towards unification in Naples and Sicily, [43] allowing the Sardinian government led by Camillo Benso to declare a united Italian kingdom on 17 March 1861.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1866, Viktor Imanuel II allied himself with Prussia in the Austrian—Prussian War, fighting in the Third Italian War of Independence that allowed Italy to annex Venice.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Finally, when France, which was in the French-Prussian War in 1870 ignored its garrison in Rome, the Savoy Wangsa was able to fill the vacuum of power by taking over the Papal States.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Statute of Albertino Sardinia of 1848, enacted extending to the entire Kingdom of Italy in 1861, provides for human freedoms, but electoral laws exclude the uneducated and uneducated from elections.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The new royal government took place within a framework of a parliamentary constitutional monarchy dominated by liberals.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1913, the age provision of suffrage for males was accepted.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

When Northern Italy was rapidly industrialized, the Southern Italian region, and the Northern countryside were still not awakened, and overpopulated, this state forced millions of people to hijrah, while the Italian Socialist Party strengthened, challenging the safety of conservatives and liberals- traditional.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Since the last two decades in the 19th century, Italy developed into a colonial power by forcing Somali, Eritrean, and later Libyan and Dodecanese to come under its authority. [44]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In World War I, Italy was initially tak-impartial, but in 1915 Italy signed a secret treaty, namely the London Tract, entering the Entente Three with the stipulation it would accept Trento, Trieste, Istria, and Dalmasia from Austria-Hungaria—also some parts of the Ottoman Sultanate.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In World War I, more than 650,000 Italian soldiers fell [45] and the economy fell into disrepair.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Under several peace treaties, namely the Tract of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919), the Rapallo Tract (1920), and the Rome Tract (1924), Italy gained most of its promised territories, including the Hungarian port of Fiume, but not Dalmasia (except Zara), allowing the nationalists to define this glory as “clipped glory”.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Fascist regime The upheaval after the devastation caused by World War I, inspired by the Russian Revolution, leads to melee and chaos.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Fearing the eruption of the socialist revolution, established liberals began to dent the National Fascist Party led by Benito Mussolini.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In October 1922 fascists attempted a coup (“Mars in Rome”), supported by King Viktor Imanuel III.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

A few years later, Mussolini banned all political parties and curbed individual freedoms, in other words he imposed a dictatorship.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1935, Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, which resulted in international exclusion, and led to the withdrawal of Italy's membership of the League of Nations.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As a consequence, Italy allied itself with NAZI Germany, and the Empire of Japan, and strongly supported Franco in the Spanish Civil War.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1939, Italy occupied Albania, a de facto protectorate for decades and took part in World War II in June 1940 on the side of the Axis Bloc.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Like the Blitzkrieg, Hitler's actions in Poland, and France, Mussolini wanted glory as soon as possible in invading Greece in October 1940, but was forced to accept a humiliating standoff after several long months.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

At the same time, after conquering British Somaliland and parts of Egypt, the Italians saw Allied counterattacks that led to the loss of their holdings in Africa.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy was then invaded by the Allies in July 1943, which impacted on the vault of the Fascist regime and the fall of Mussolini.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In September 1943, Italy surrendered.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country was still a battleground for several subsequent battles, as the Allies moved forward from the south when the north was a base for Italian fascists, and the army of NAZI Germany, was also fought by the Italian resistance movement.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Hostilities ended on 2 May 1945.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Almost half also Italians (including civil society) were killed because of the conflict [46] and the Italian economy was melted; per capita income in 1944 was the lowest since the beginning of the 20th century. [47]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Republic became a republic after the successful constitutional referendum [48] held on June 2, 1946, a day that would be celebrated as Republic Day.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

That day also became the first time Italian women were allowed to channel their vote. [49]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The son of Viktor Imanuel III, namely Umberto II, was forced to abdicate and was banished.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Constitution of the Republic was passed on January 1, 1948.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Under the 1947 Paris Peace Treaty, most of Venezia Giulia was detached to Yugoslavia's grasp, and thereafter, the Free Territory of Trieste was divided to both countries.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The vote-owners' fears in Italy of a possible takeover of power by the Communists proved crucial to the electoral outcome of the first universal suffrage on April 18, 1948, when the Christian Democrats, under the leadership of Alcide De Gasperi, achieved a runoff victory.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the aftermath, in 1949 Italy became a member of NATO.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Marshall Plan helped restore the Italian economy, which until the late decade of the 1960s, enjoyed a period of sustained economic growth, commonly called the “Economic Miracle”.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 1957, Italy was a founding member of the European Community (EEC), the forerunner of the European Union (EU) in 1993.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

From the late 1960s until the early 1980s, the country experienced the Hot Tin Period, a period characterized by economic crises (in particular after the 1973 oil crisis), widespread social conflict and terrorist massacres carried out by opposition extremist groups with the alleged existence of United States intelligence involvement. [50] [51] [52] The Hot Tin Period culminated in the assassination of the leader of the Christian Democrats, Aldo Moro, in 1978, and in the massacre at the Bologna railway station in 1980, in which 85 people were killed; these events greatly affected all of Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the decade of the 1980s, for the first time since 1945, two governments were led by prime ministers who were not from the Christian Democrats: the first a liberal (Giovanni Spadolini), and the second a socialist (Bettino Craxi); but the Christian Democrats were still the main party of the government.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

During Craxi's reign, the economy was reinstated, and Italy became the fifth largest industrialized nation in the world, able to enter the G7 group.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nonetheless, as a result of his policies, Italy's national debt swelled in Craxi's time, surpassing 100% of GDP.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the early 1990s decade, Italy faced significant challenges, when vote-owners — who were let down by political paralysis, massive public debt, and a widespread system of corruption (known as Tangentopoli), revealed by a 'Clean Hands' investigation — demanded reforms radical.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The scandals involved all the major parties, in particular those in the government coalition: the Christian Democrats, in power for almost 50 years, went through several crises, and even in fact broke up, splintering into factions.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Communists rearranged its power as a Social Democracy force.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the decades of the 1990s and 2000s, a coalition of right-of-centre (dominated by media magnate Silvio Berlusconi) and centre-left alternately ruled the country, which entered a prolonged period of economic unstuck.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The geography of Italy is located in Southern Europe and consists of the boot-shaped Italian Peninsula, and a number of islands including the two largest, Sicily and Sardinia.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is located between 35°LU, and 47°LU, and 6°BT, and 19°BT.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The overall area of the country is 301,230km², 294,020km² of which is mainland, and the remaining 7,210km² are waters.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Including its islands, Italy has a total of coastline, and borders along 7,600km; namely in the Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Tirenia Sea (740km), and borders with France (488km), Austria (430km), Slovenia (232km), and Switzerland (740km); as well as San Marino (39km), and the Vatican (3,2km), both- secondly an enclave.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Apennini Mountains form the backbone of the peninsula, and the Alps form the border in the north, where Italy's highest point lies at Mont Blanc (4,810 m). [note 3] The Po River, the longest river in Italy (652km), flows from the Alps on the western border with France, and crosses the Po Valley to the Adriatic Sea.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The five largest lakes by size are: [53] Lake Garda (367.94km²), Lake Maggiore (212.51km², shared with Switzerland), Lake Como (145.9km²), Lake Trasimeno (124.29km²), and Lake Bolsena (113.55km²).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country lies at the meeting point of the Eurasian Plate and the African Plate, causing a large amount of earthquake and volcano activity.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

There are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are still active: Mount Etna (the traditional site of Volcanus blacksmith mythology), Stromboli, Vulcano, and Vesuvius.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Vesuvius is the only volcano still active on the European Continent and the most famous of the disasters it produced, Pompeii and Herculaneum.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Several islands and hills have been formed due to usefulness activity and there is still a large active caldera, namely Campi Flegrei to the north-west of Naples.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Although the country encompasses the Italian Peninsula and most of the southern Alps basin, some Italian regions extend beyond the Alps basin and some islands lie beyond the exposure of the Eurasian continent.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The territories in question are communes: Livigno, Sesto, San Candido, Dobbiaco (partly), Chiusaforte, Tarvisio, Curon Venosta (partly), all of which are part of the Donau basin, while Val di Lei encompasses part of the Rhein basin, and the islands of Lampedusa, and Lampione are included in exposure to the African continent.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Environment After the rapid growth of its industry, Italy has long been dealing with environmental problems.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After several improvements, Italy now ranks 84th in the world for its ecological sustainability. [54]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

National parks cover roughly five percent of the country's territory. [55]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the past decade, Italy has become one of the world's leading renewable energy producers, ranked the world's 4th largest in terms of installed solar energy capacity [56] [57], and the 6th largest owner of wind energy capacity in the world in 2010. [58]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Renewable energies now account for roughly 12% of final energy consumption, and total primary in Italy, with a future target spread of 17% for 2020. [59]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Despite this, air pollution is still a bad problem, particularly in the more industrialized northern regions, reaching the 10th world rank in terms of industrial carbon dioxide emissions in the decade of the 1990s. [60] Italy was the 12th largest producer of carbon dioxide. [61] [62] Density and traffic jams in the largest metropolitan areas continue to cause environmental damage and sticking health issues, although smog levels have been dramatically lowered since the decades of the 1970s and 1980s, and the presence of smog is becoming an increasingly rare phenomenon and sulfur dioxide levels decreased. [63]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

There are many water bars, and beaches are also polluted by industrial activities, and agriculture, while due to rising sea levels, Venice has been regularly flooded in recent years.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Waste disposed of from industrial activities does not always meet legal standards, and has triggered permanent health impacts for residents in affected areas, such as in the case of the Seveso Disaster.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country also operated several nuclear reactors in 1963 to 1990, but after the Chernobyl Disaster, and the referendum of 1987 the nuclear program was suspended, a decision overturned by the government in 2008, which planned the construction of up to four centres nuclear power plants, with French technology.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

This in turn was hit by a referendum following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. [64]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Deforestation, illegal building construction, and poor land management policies have led to significant erosion throughout Italy's mountainous regions, and triggered major ecological disasters such as the 1963 Vayon Reservoir flood, Sarno 1998 [65], and the Messina landslide year 2009.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Climate Climate in Italy is very variegated, it is influenced by the large, longitudinal shape of the peninsula, and most of it is mountainous.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In much of the northern, and central inland, the climate spans from wet subtropical to wet continental, and oceanic climate.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In particular, the climate in the geographical region of the Po Valley is continental, with harsh winters, and scorching summers. [66] [67] The coastal regions of Liguria, Toskana, and most of Southern Italy generally meet the stereotype of the mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Conditions in the coastal regions of the peninsula can be very different than high land, and valleys in the interior, especially in winter when the high land tends to be colder, damp, and often snowy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Coastal areas have moderate winters, and generally warm, and dry summers, although the valleys on the low land can become quite scorching in the summer.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Average winter temperatures vary from 0°C in the Alps to 12°C in Sicily, while in summer temperatures vary from 20°C to 30°C or more. [68]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italian politics has been a unitary parliamentary republic since June 2, 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by a constitutional referendum.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The President of the Italian Republic (Presidente della Repubblica), now Giorgio Napolitano since 2006, is Italy's head of state.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The President is elected to carry out a single mandate for seven years by the Italian Parliament in a joint session.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy has a written democratic constitution, as a result of the work of the Constituent Assembly formed by representatives of all anti-fascist forces that contributed to the defeat of the NAZIS, and Fascists in the civil war. [69]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian administration has a parliamentary government based on a proportional voting system.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Parliament is a perfect bicameral parliament: both of its chambers, the House of Representatives (located in the Palazzo Montecitorio), and the Senate of the Republic (which houses the Palazzo Madama), have equal powers.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Prime Minister, officially President of the Council of Ministers (Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), is the head of government of Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Prime Minister, and cabinet are appointed by the President of the Republic, but must go through a vote of confidence within Parliament to be able to serve.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

While its function is similar to that of most other parliamentary systems, the Italian Prime Minister has weaker authority than some of his peers.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The prime minister is not given the power to request the dissolution of Parliament or dismiss ministers (which instead becomes the exclusive prerogative of the President of the Republic), and must receive a vote of approval from the Council of Ministers—which holds effective executive power—in order to exercise the bulk of his political activity.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Following the cessation of Silvio Berlusconi on 12 November 2011, economist Mario Monti has been appointed technocratic Prime Minister.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The four largest political parties in Italy are the People of Freedom, the Democratic Party, the Northern League, and the Italia dei Valori.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the 2008 general election these four parties won 590 of the 630 seats available within the House of Representatives, and 308 of the 315 seats available within the Senate of the Republic.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Most of the remaining seats were won by smaller parties that only took part in general elections in parts of Italy, for example the People's Party of South Tirol, and the Movement for Autonomy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nonetheless, over the past three years, a stronghold also called the “Third Pole” began to grow, namely the UDC's Christian Democrats combined with some dissenting lawmakers coming from Berlusconi's cabinet.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

A peculiarity of the Italian Parliament is that a portion of the representatives are allocated to Italian nationals settled abroad: 12 People's Deputies, and 6 Senators are elected in four different across the ocean electoral districts.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In addition, the Italian Senate is also characterized by the presence of few lifelong senators, appointed by the President “for the merit of extraordinary heroism in social, scientific, artistry, or literature”.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Former President of the Republic is an ex officio lifetime senator (because of his office).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

On 22 February 2014, Matteo Renzi was appointed as Prime Minister of Italy [70], he replaced Enrico Letta.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The former mayor of Florence became Italy's youngest prime minister at the age of 39.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

He was sworn in by Presien Giorgio Napolitano at Rome's presidential palace.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

On 31 January 2015, Matteo Renzi elected Sergio Mattarella as the 12th President of Italy, succeeding Giorgio Napolitano [71].


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Previously Mattarella was a constitutional judge from the Province of Sicilia.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Law and criminal justice The Italian justice system is based on Roman law modified by Napoleonic statutes, and newer statutes.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Supreme Court of Cassation is the highest court in Italy, for criminal as well as civil appellate cases.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Constitutional Court of Italy (Corte Costituzionale) played a role on the alignment of legislation with the constitution, and was a new breakthrough after World War II.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Since their presence in the mid-19th century, organized crime in Italy, and criminal organizations have infiltrated social, and economic life in many regions of Southern Italy, the most severe of which was the Sicilian Mafia, which later expanded to several other countries, including America Unions.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Mafia revenue probably reached 9% [72] [73] of Italy's GDP. [74]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

A report from 2009 identified 610 communes with such a strong mafia presence, in which 13 million Italians settled, and 14.6% of Italy's GDP was generated. [75] [76] The 'Ndrangheta of Calabria, now perhaps the most powerful crime syndicate in Italy, accounting for 3% of GDP country. [77]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nonetheless, with a figure of 0.013 for every 1,000 people, Italy ranks only the 47th highest in terms of the number of murders [78] (in a group of 62 countries), and ranks 43rd highest in terms of the number of rapes for every 1,000 people in the world (in a group consisting of 65 countries), a relatively low picture for the size of developed countries.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Foreign relations Italy is a founding member of the European Community, now the European Union (EU), and the North Atlantic Defence Pact (NATO).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy became a member of the United Nations since 1955, and Italy also is a member, and a strong supporter of a number of other international organizations, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), GATT/World Trade Organization (WTO), Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the European Assembly, and the Central Europe Initiative.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy held rotating leadership in several international organizations, among them the Conference for Security, and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), the predecessor of the OSCE, in 1994; the G8; and the European Union in 2009, and from July to December 2003.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy strongly supports multilateral international politics, advancing the United Nations, and international security activities.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy dispatched its troops to support United Nations peacekeeping missions in Somalia, Mozambique, and East Timor, and provided support for NATO, and United Nations operations in Bosnia, Kosovo, and Albania.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy dispatched more than 2,000 troops in Afghanistan to support Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) since February 2003.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy still supports international efforts to rebuild, and stabilize Iraq, but Italy has withdrawn its military contingent of 3,200 soldiers in November 2006, and only retains humanitarian officers, and other civilian personnel.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In August 2006 Italy dispatched approximately 2,450 of its soldiers to Lebanon for the UNIFIL peace mission. [79]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The militaries of the Italian Army, Navy, Air Force, and Military Police are entirely part of the Italian Armed Forces, under the command of the Supreme Defence Council, headed by the President of the Italian Republic.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Since 2005, military service has fully become willing. [80]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As of 2010, the Italian military had 293,202 active personnel, [81] 114,778 persons of them as Military Police. [82]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy's total military spending in 2010 ranks 10th in the world, at a figure of US$ 35.8billion, or equal to 1.7% of national GDP.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As part of NATO's nuclear sharing strategy Italy is also the site for 90 United States nuclear weapons, housed at Ghedi Air Base, and Aviano Air Base. [83]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Army had personnel of 109,703 people in 2008.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

His best known combat vehicles are Dardo infantry fighting vehicles, Centauro tank destroyers, and Ariete tanks, and among his airplanes are Mangusta attack helicopters, recently used in UN missions.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Army also had many Leopard 1, and M113 armoured personnel carriers.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Navy in 2008 had 35,200 active personnel with 85 assigned ships, and 123 airborne aircraft. [84]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Navy now equipped itself with larger aircraft carriers, (Cavour), destroyers, submarines, and versatile frigates.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In modern times, the Italian Navy, being a member of NATO, has taken part in many peacekeeping coalition operations around the world.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Air Force in 2008 had 43,882 active personnel, and operated 585 airplanes, including 219 fighter jets, and 114 helicopters.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As a replacement for a leased interceptor aircraft, the Panavia Tornado ADV, the Italian Air Force has leased 30 F-16A Block 15 ADF, and four F-16B Block 10 Fighting Falcons, with even more options.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The following years would also witness the introduction of 121 Eurofighter Typhoons EF2000, which would replace the F-16 Fighting Falcons.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The next possible updates are Tornado IDS/IDT, and AMX International AMX.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The transport capability was guaranteed by 22 C-130J aircraft, and the Aeritalia G.222 of which 12 of them were replaced by a new variant of the G.222 called the C-27J Spartan.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

An autonomous military corps, the Italian Military Police constitute a military police tasked with carrying out police functions in the military environment, and the civilian population, in addition to other policing forces in Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

While different branches of the Italian Military Police report to separate ministries for each of their individual functions, these corps report to the Ministry of the Interior when maintaining security, and public order. [85]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The division of the Italian region is divided into 20 regions, five of which have special autonomous status which allows them to enact legislation concerning some of their local affairs.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country was then further divided into 110 provinces, and 8,100 communes.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Only the Aosta Valley Region has one province.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

There are also 15 metropolitane cities (città metropolitane), established in 2009, but the division of the region is still not under way.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian economy has a market economy characterized by high GDP per capita, and low unemployment figures.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 2010, Italy was the 8th largest economy in the world, and the 4th largest in Europe in terms of nominal GDP, [86], and the 10th largest economy in the world, and the 5th largest in Europe in terms of balance of shoppability. [87]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is a founding member of the G8, the Eurozone, and the OECD.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After World War II, Italy transformed rapidly from an economy that relied on agriculture to one of the most industrialized countries [88], and a leading country in terms of international trade.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is a developed country, with the 8th highest quality of life in the world in 2005 [89], and the 24th Human Development Index in the same year.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Despite the recent global economic crisis, Italy's GDP per capita (balance of shopping skills) is still close to the EU average, [90] while unemployment (8.5%) is the lowest in the EU. [91]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country is well known for its innovative, and influential business economy, [92] for its industrial, competitiveness, agricultural sector [92] (Italy is the world's largest wine producer), [93], and for its fashion, equipment, industrial, high-grade automotive, and creative design. [ 92]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to 2010 IMF statistics the sectoral distribution of GDP in 2010 was dominated by the service sector at 73.3%; followed by industry at 24.9%; and agriculture at 1.8%.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy has a small number of global multinationals compared to other economies of its size, but there are a large number of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) gathered in several industrial districts, and become the backbone of Italian industry.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

These SMEs produce a manufacturing sector that often focuses on niche market exports, and luxury products, which if on the one hand are less able to compete on that quantity, then the other side is better able to deal with competition from China, and the growing Asian economies, based cheap labor fare, with high-grade products. [94]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country became the 7th largest exporter in the world in 2009. [95]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy's closest trade dealings are with other countries in the European Union, which contribute roughly 59% of its entire trade.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The largest EU trading partners, in terms of market proportion, are Germany (12.9%), France (11.4%), and Spain (7.4%). [96]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Ultimately, tourism is one of the lucrative, and fastest growing sectors for the national economy: with 43.6million international tourists arriving, and total receipts estimated at $38.8million in 2010, Italy is the 5th most visited country, and tourism winner highest in the world. [97]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Despite these important achievements, the Italian economy is now suffering from many problems.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After strong GDP growth in the range of 5— 6% per annum since the decades of the 1950s through the early decades of the 1970s, [98], and the progressive slowdown in the decades of the 1980s, and 1990s, the average annual growth performance in the most recent decade is quite poor at 1.23% compared to with an average EU annual growth rate of 2.28%. [99]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The unwillingness of economic growth, and political efforts to resurrect it with massive government spending from the decade of the 1980s ahead, actually inflated the public debt quite severely.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to the European Union's statistics agency, Eurostat, Italy's public debt stood at 116% of GDP in 2010, ranking the 2nd largest debt ratio after Greece (at 126.8%). [100]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

However, the largest chunk of Italian public debt is owned by national subjects, a big difference between Italy, and Greece. [101]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In addition, Italy's standard of living has a fairly significant north-south gap.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Average GDP per capita in the north far exceeds the EU average, while many regions in Southern Italy are well below. [102]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is often nicknamed the sick man of Europe, [103] [104] characterized by economic unwillingness, political disability, and problems with the inclusion of reform programs.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

More specifically, Italy suffers from structural weaknesses due to its geographic shape, shortage of raw materials, and lack of energy sources: in 2006 the country imported more than 86% of its total energy consumption (99.7% solid fuels; 92.5% oil; 91.2% natural gas; and 15% of electricity). [105] [106] Italy's economy is weakened by lack of infrastructure development, market reforms, and research investments, and also high public deficits. [92]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In terms of the Economic Freedom Index of 2008, the country ranks 64th in the world, and 29th in Europe, the lowest in the Eurozone.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy still receives development aid from the EU every year.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Between 2000, and 2006, Italy received €27.4billion from the European Union. [107]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The country has an inefficient public service bureaucracy, poor protection of property rights, high corruption, huge taxes, and public spending that reaches half the national GDP. [108]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In addition, recent data show that Italy's spending on research and development in 2006 was equal to 1.14% of GDP, or below the EU average of 1.84%, and the Lisboa Strategy goal that advocated a 3% share of GDP for research, and development activities. [109]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to Confesercenti, a major business association in Italy, organized crime in Italy represents “the largest segment of the Italian economy”, reaching €90 billion in receipts or 7% of Italy's GDP. [110]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Infrastructure In 2004 the transport sector in Italy generated revenues of 119.4bn euros, employing 935,700 people in 153,700 companies.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

About the national road network, in 2002 there were 668,721 kilometers of worthy roads in Italy, including 6,487 kilometers of controlled freeways, state-owned but taken care of by the private company Atlantia.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 2005, approximately 34,667,000 passenger cars (590 cars per 1,000 people), and 4,015,000 freight cars passed on the national road network. [114]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The network of railroads is national, state-owned, and taken care of by Ferrovie dello Stato, in 2003 of an entire 16,287 kilometers, 69 percent of which had been electrified, and 4,937 locomotives, and carriages passed over it.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The national waterway network in the interior includes 1,477 kilometres of rivers, and traversable canals in 2002.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 2004 there were nearly 30 major airports (including two connecting Malpensa International Airport in Milan, and Leonardo da Vinci International Airport in Rome), and 43 major ports (including the port of Genoa, the largest in Italy, and the second largest in the Middle Sea).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 2005 Italy maintained a civilian air fleet of approximately 389,000 units, and a commercial fleet of 581 arks. [114]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Demographics The population of Italy is predominantly religious, and like-speaking but with a diverse culture, economy, and politics.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy has the fifth largest population density in Europe with 196 inhabitants per square kilometer.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The minority group of natives is small in number.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy had 60,626,442 inhabitants according to munisipal records (Anagrafe) on 1 January 2011. [115]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Its density, amounting to 201 inhabitants per square kilometer, is denser than most countries in Western Europe.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

But the spread of the population is not so evenly distributed.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The most populous regions are the Po Valley (reaching almost half the national population), and the metropolitan areas of Rome, and Naples, while vast territories such as the high mainland of the Alps, and Apenina, Plato Basilicata, and the Island of Sardinia are sparsely populated territories.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy's population almost doubled in the 20th century, but the growth pattern is very ununiform due to a massive migration from the rural South to the industrialized North, a symptom that occurred as a result of Italy's economic miracle in the decade 1950s to 1960s. Moreover, after centuries of net emigration, from the decade of the 1980s Italy has experienced massive immigration for the first time in modern history.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to the Italian Government, there were 4,570,317 foreign citizens in Italy in January 2011. [116]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Fertility rates, and high birth rates lasted long into the decade of the 1970s, after which both began to decline dramatically, impacting the rapid aging of the population.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the late 2000s decade, one in five Italians was older than 65. [117]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

However, with considerable immigration in the most recent two decades, Italy has experienced significant birth rate growth in recent years. [118]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The total fertility figure has climbed dramatically from 1.18 children per woman in 1995 to 1.41 per female in 2008. [119]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The total fertility figure is expected to reach 1.6 - 1.8 by 2030. [120]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italian ethnic groups experienced mass emigration from the late 19th century until the decade of the 1960s. In the period 1898-1914, the peak years of the Italian diaspora, nearly 750,000 Italians emigrated each year. [121]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

This diaspora involved more than 25 million Italians, and is considered the largest mass migration today. [122]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As a result, more than 4.1 million people born in Italy have now settled abroad, [123] while no fewer than 60 million people of full or partial Italian ancestry settled outside Italy, mainly in Argentina, Brazil, the United States, Australia, and Northern Europe. [124] [125] [126] [127] [128] [129] [129] [ 130] [131] The postwar economic miracle, ending long decades of poverty, and emigration, including massive social changes such as low birth rates, an aging population, and the impact of a shrinking workforce.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Under such an atmosphere, starting from the end of the decade of the 1970s, Italy began to receive an inflow of immigrants from abroad.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The current picture is approximately 4.6 million foreigners, [132] approximately 7.5% of the overall population, including more than half a million children born in Italy to second-generation immigrants, but does not include foreign nations gradually begging for Italian citizenship; this applies to 53,696 people in 2008. [133]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The official picture also does not present illegal immigrants, whose numbers are very difficult to determine; they are estimated to be no fewer than 670,000 people. [134]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Since the collapse of the Berlin Wall and, most recently, the 2004, and 2007 expansion of the European Union, the main waves of migration have come from the countries of former socialist Eastern Europe (specifically Romania, Albania, Ukraine, and Poland).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The second most important area of immigration to Italy was North Africa (specifically, Morocco, Egypt, and Tunisia), with a growing ascendancy as a result of the rise of the Arab world.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Furthermore, in recent years, there has been a growing migratory flow from the Far East (mainly, China [135], and the Philippines), and Latin America (Ecuador, Peru).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Now, roughly one million Romanians (or 10 percent of them are Rom people [136]) are officially registered as settled in Italy, representing the most important country of origin, followed by Albanians, and Moroccans, as many as 500,000 inhabitants each.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The number of unregistered Romanians is very difficult to surmise, but the Balkan Inquiry Reporting Network suspects that in 2007 there may have been half a million or more. [137] [note 5] Overall, by the end of the 2000s the foreign-born Italian population came from: Europe (54%), Africa (22%), Asia (16%), the Americas (8%), and Oceania (0.06%).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The spread of immigrants is not evenly distributed in Italy: 87% of immigrants settle in the northern, and central parts of the country (the most developed economic area), while only 13% settle in the southern paro of the peninsula.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The official language of Italy is Italian.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The website Ethnologue suspects that there are roughly 55million speakers of this language in Italy, and 6.7million abroad. [139]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After all, 120 to 150million people use Italian as a second language or cultural language, worldwide. [140]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian language, adopted by the state after the Unification of Italy, is a based on the Toskana language of Firenze dialect, and is the middle language between the Italo-Dalmasian languages, and the Gallo-Roman languages.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Its development was also influenced by the Germanic languages of the Migration Period.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy has many dialects that are interrupted throughout Italy, and some Italians are not capable of speaking Italian at all. [141]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nonetheless, the fostering of a national education system has decreased the variation of spoken language in Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Bookkeeping expanded in the decades 1950s to 1960s, this situation was made easier by economic growth, and the rise of mass media, and television (state-owned broadcaster RAI helped with Italian language bookkeeping).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Several linguistic groups are recognized by law, [142], and a number of minority languages have sub-official (co-official) status in some areas of Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

French also gained sub-official status in the Aosta Valley—although in reality the Arpitan language is more prevalent there.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

As in some parts of the province it is German, and the Ladin language has equal status in the province of South Tirol, and in some parts of Trentino.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Slovene language is officially recognized in the Province of Trieste, the Province of Gorizia, and the Province of Udine in Friuli—Venezia Giulia.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In these regions official documents are presented bilingual (trilingual in the community of Ladin), or provided on the basis of request in Italian as well as sub-official languages.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Traffic marks are also presented multilingual, except in the Aosta Valley — where with the exception of Aosta itself retains its Latin form in Italian (as well as in English) — French toponyms are generally used, efforts to digitize them on the Fascist period has been abandoned.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Education is possible to be organized in the minority language spoken in the area the school is located.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Religion Although Roman Catholicism is the majority religion (85% of births in Italy are generally Catholic), there are some communities that are part of the Protestant Church, and also Bené Romans who have run Judaism in Italy for thousands of years.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

And there are also Muslim immigrant communities (see: Islam in Italy).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Roman Catholicism is by far the largest religion in Italy, although Catholicism is no longer the state religion.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The proportion of Italians who claim to be Roman Catholics is 87.8%, [144] although only a third of them claim to be active congregations (36.8%).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Most Italians believe in God, or a form of spiritual life power.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to a Eurobarometer survey in 2005: [145] 74% of Italian citizens responded that 'they believe in the existence of God', 16% replied that 'they believe that there is some kind of living spirit or power', and 6% replied that 'they do not believe in the existence of a living spirit, God, or power'.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The Italian Catholic Church is part of the globalized Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope, the curia in Rome, and the Diocesan Conference of Italy.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In addition to Italy, two other sovereign states belong to the Italian-based diocese, the San Marino enclave, and the Vatican.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

There are 225 dioceses within the Italian Catholic Church.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is rich in Catholic culture, especially there are many Italian saints, martyrs, and popes.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Roman Catholicism is a religion, and the largest denomination in Italy, with roughly 87.8% of Italians professing to be Catholic.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is also home to the majority of the world's cardinals, [146], and is the country with the most number of Roman Catholic churches per capita. [147]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Although the main Christian denomination in Italy is Roman Catholic, there are a number of significant minorities, namely Waldens, Eastern Orthodox, and other Christian churches.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In the 20th century, the Pentecostal Church, non-denominational Evangelicalism, was the fastest-growing Protestant church, as well as Jehovah's Witnesses, and Mormonism.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Since the decade of the 1980s, Immigration from Sub-Saharan Africa has multiplied Baptist, Anglican, Pentecostal, and Evangelical congregations in Italy, while immigrants from Eastern Europe have pioneered Eastern Orthodox communities.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

At the beginning of the 21st century, there were more than 700,000 Eastern Orthodox Christians in Italy, including 180,000 Greek Orthodox, [150] 550,000 Pentecostals, and Evangelical adherents (0.8%), of which 400,000 were members of the Congregations of God, 235,685 Jehovah's Witnesses (0.4%), [ 151] 30,000 Waldens followers, [152] 25,000 Seventh-day Adventist congregations, 22,000 Mormon congregations, 15,000 Baptist congregations (plus about 5,000 Free Baptist congregations), 7,000 Lutheran congregations, 4,000 Methodist congregations (affiliated with Waldens Church). [153]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

One of the long-established religious beliefs in Italy is the Jewish Religion, Jews had been present in Ancient Rome before the birth of Christ.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy has witnessed many influential Italian Jews, for example Shabbethai Donnolo (died in 982), prime minister Luigi Luzzatti, who took office in 1910, and Ernesto Nathan, Rome's leading mayor from 1907 to 1913.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

At the time of Holokaus, Italy received many Jewish refugees from NAZI Germany.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nonetheless, with the establishment of the puppet state of the NAZI-backed Italian Social Republic, approximately 15% of Italian Jews were killed, although the Fascist government refused to deport Jews to the death of the NAZIS.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

These events, together with emigration before, and after World War II, have left a small Jewish community of only roughly 45,000 people in Italy at this point.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Deviating immigration has been accompanied by an increase in non-Christian beliefs.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 2009, there were 1.0million Muslims in Italy [154] making up 1.6 percent of the population, although only 50,000 were Italian nationality.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Independent parties estimated the number of Muslim populations in Italy ranging from 0.8million [155] to 1.5million. [156]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

There are more than 200,000 followers of the belief originating from the Indian subcontinent with approximately 70,000 Sikhs with 22 gurdwaras throughout Italy, [157] 70,000 Hindus, and 50,000 Buddhists. [158]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

There were approximately 4,900 Baha'i adherents in Italy in 2005. [159]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Education Education in Italy is free, and compulsory for residents aged 6 to 16, [161], and consists of five levels: kindergarten (scuola dell'infanzia), primary school (scuola primaria), junior high school (scuola secondaria di primo grado), senior secondary school ( scuola secondaria di secondo grado), and universities (università). [162] JMPL|left|150px|University of Bologna is one of the oldest academic institutions in the world, founded in 1088.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy is home to many different types of universities, colleges, and academies.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Founded in 1088, the University of Bologna is one of the oldest universities in the world. [163]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In 2009, the University of Bologna, according to The Times, was the only Italian college included in 200 World Universities.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Luigi Bocconi Commercial University in the City of Milan was included in the top 20 business schools in the world by The Wall Street Journal's international rating, in particular for its MBA program, which in 2007 ranked 17th in the world in alumni recruitment priorities by companies- major multinational corporations. [164]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Bocconi was also placed by Forbes as the best in the world in the special category Value for Money. [165]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

In May 2008, Bocconi took over some of the world's best business schools in the Financial Times executive education rankings, reaching 5th in Europe, and 15th in the world. [166]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Other best universities, and polytechnics are Torino Polytechnic, Milano Polytechnic (which in 2011 was ranked 48th best technical university in the world according to THE-QS World University Ranking. [167]), University of Rome La Sapienza (which in 2005 became a university the 33rd best in Europe, [168] and ranks amongst Europe's 50 and the world's 150 best colleges [169]), and Milano University (whose research, and teaching activities have been developed over the years, and have received international important recognition.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The university is the only Italian university that considers the League of European Research Universities (LERU), a prestigious group of 20 research-intensive universities in Europe.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The university is also ranked: 1st in Italy, and 7th in Europe (Leiden Ranking — Leiden University).


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

According to the National Science Indicators (1981—2002), a database generated by the Research Services Group containing lists of outputs, and citation statistics for more than 90 countries, Italy has an above-average scientific publication output (in terms of the number of written papers involving least one author is from Italy) in astronomy (9.75% of world papers), mathematics (5.51% of world papers), computer science, neuroscience, and physics; the lowest, but still above the world average, output in terms of the number of papers produced recorded in social sciences, psychology, and psychiatry, and economics, and business. [170]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Health Italy runs the general health care system of the universe since 1978. [171]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Nonetheless, health care is provided for all citizens, and residents by a general-private mixed system.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The common part is the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, formed under the Ministry of Health, and handed over to be taken care of by the regional administration.


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Health care spending in Italy exceeded 9.0% of national GDP in 2008, slightly above the OECD average of 8.9%. [172]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

After all, Italy ranks 2nd best in the world in terms of health care systems, [171] [173], and ranks 3rd in the world in terms of health care performance. [174]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Italy reached the 12th highest life expectancy in the world in 2010, [175] meanwhile, as in many other Western countries, Italy witnessed a rise in the proportion of people who are overweight, and obese, with 34.2% of Italians reporting to be overweighted agency, and 9.8% were obese. [176]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

The proportion of daily smokers was 22% in 2008. [177]


Question: What is the capital of Italy?

Italy

Smoking in public places including bars, restaurants, nightclubs, and offices has been restricted to ventilated rooms only since 2005. [178]