Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

But this view is disproved by the Eastern Rite Church, as the Eastern Rite Church had celebrated the birth of Jesus since the 2nd century, before the Church in Rome declared the celebration of Christmas on 25 December.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Therefore, there are some Christian streams that do not celebrate the Christmas tradition because it is considered to be derived from the Roman pagan tradition, namely the stream of the True Jesus Church, the Seventh-day Adventist Church, the Messianic Jews.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Jehovah's Witnesses don't celebrate Christmas either.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

There are a number of ancient manuscripts that record that Jesus was placed in Mary's womb dated 25 December. [3]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The interpretation of the Book of Hagai indicates that date is the date of Jesus' arrival into Mary's womb, namely Hagai 2:19-20: “Notice from this day and next—starting from the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Starting from the day the foundation of the temple of the Lord will notice whether the seeds still remain in the barns, and whether the vine and the fig tree, the pomegranate and the olive tree have not yet bear fruit?


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Starting from today I will give blessing!”


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The 24th of the 9th month (Kislew) in the Jewish calendar falls around December 25 in the Gregorian calendar.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Although when Christmas Day falls is still a debate, Christianity has generally agreed to assign Christmas Day to fall every December 25th in the Gregorian Calendar is based on the realization that the determination of other liturgical feast days such as Easter and Good Friday is not obtained by approximation of exact dates but only in the form of re-organizing these events in one liturgical year, which does not attach importance to the accuracy of the date but the essence or essence of each commemoration to be realized day by day.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Year The calendar year AD was created in the 6th century by a monk named Dionysius Exiguus.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The year AD that we use today is also called anno Domini (Year of the Lord).


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

How could he know that the Lord Jesus was born in 1 BC?


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

He extracted data from historical records stating that in the year 754 of the Roman calendar it was the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Tiberius as listed in Luke 3:1-2.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

This data is used as a benchmark by him to start the year 1 BC.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In addition he also takes data from Luke 2:1-2 which states that Kirenius (Gubenur of Syria) first ran the census program.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

However, there are still people who doubt it, because according to a Jewish historian named Flavius Jocefus, king Herod died in 4 BC so that the consequences of Jesus' birth date must be reduced by four years.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

But this theory is not true, because he analyzed the year based on a lunar eclipse in the year when Herod died which occurred in Jerusalem on March 13, 4 BC.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Traditions Many traditions of Christmas celebration in the west are a later development by absorbing elements of various cultures.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Christmas trees Christmas trees in churches or in houses may relate to Egyptian tradition, or ancient Hebrew.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Some link it to a special tree in the garden of Eden (see Genesis 2:9).


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

But in pre-Christian European life there was indeed a tradition of decorating trees and placing them indoors at certain celebrations.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The modern “Bright Tree” tradition developed from Germany in the 18th century. [4]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Christmas Cards There is also a tradition of sending Christmas Cards, which was started in 1843 by John Calcott Horsley from England.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Usually with images related to the story of the birth of Jesus Christ and accompanied by the inscription: Merry Christmas and New Year.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Today people use information technology (email) send electronic Christmas cards.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Santa Claus Also in the framework of Christmas celebrations is known in Indonesia the tradition of Sinterklaas, which originated in the Netherlands.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The tradition, celebrated on December 6, is now known as Santa Claus (or Sint Nikolas), a figure of legend, who visits a children's home on a night with a flying snow train drawn several reindeer tails divvying up gifts.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The real Saint Nikolas came from the city of Myra and is believed to have lived in the 4th century AD.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

He was noted for his kindness giving gifts to the poor.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In Europe (more precisely in the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria and Germany) he is depicted as a bearded bishop with official diocesan robes, but then this picture creeps around the world with the addition of a number of attributes, such as hats and so on.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

There are religious observers who state Santa Claus is precisely secular symbols in Christianity that there is no Biblical reference, and is commercialized in such a way that the symbol of Santa Claus is sought to be more popular than things directly related to the true Christmas , for example, the image of the baby Jesus, in every Christmas celebration. [5] [6] In the modern world, secular Christmas celebrations emphasize the aspect of giving each other Christmas gifts, so some think Santa Nikolas is more important than Jesus Christ.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The Dutch tradition of Sinterklaas became part of family events (to discipline children) by visiting houses accompanied by black-skinned maids (Zwarte Pit) who shouldered sacks containing gifts for a good boy; but the sack was also where misbehaving children were put to be carried go.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In the United States this figure is called “Santa Claus” and was described first by an American drink advertisement since 1931 as a fat old, white sideburns and dressed in red with boots, a black belt, and a soft pointed hat.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

What we often see is also Christmas enlivened with lots of twinkling lights.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In addition to adding to the vibrant celebration, it also has an understanding of the light that exists, meaning Christ will drive out the power of darkness. [7]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

This group of Puritans the secular face of Christmas once got an attack from Puritan Christians in England in 1647.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

For the sake of removing the unbiblical elements, England which when it was controlled by the Puritan Parliament even forbade the celebration of Christmas. [5]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

They assume the celebration of Christmas is just a papal (popish) festival that has no justification in the Bible.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Eventually, the Puritans in England replaced it with a one-day fast.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

As a result of this ban on Christmas celebrations, riots exploded in a number of British cities.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In fact, Canterbury was overrun by protestant mobs for weeks.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The riots finally subsided with the lifting of the ban through the Restoration of King Charles II in 1660, although a number of clergy still disapproved of it. [5]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Eastern rite Unlike the traditions of Christmas celebrations in the west, the eastern rite Christmas celebrations contain many spiritual aspects such as fasting, psalting, reading the Bible, and praises.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In Arab Churches, there is arguably no celebration of Christmas without being preceded by fasting.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The Syrian Orthodox Church carries out Christmas preparations by fasting for 10 days.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

While in the Coptic Orthodox Church his fast is even longer, that is, since the last week of Nov.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

So, about 40 days.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Iftar time (iftar) on January 7 morning.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

This pre-Christmas fast is called a small fast (Shaum el-Shagir).


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Although somewhat different in tradition, in principle this way is not much different from the fasting ways of other Orthodox Churches.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The Meaning of Candles In Christmas In Christmas, Candles depict or give an image of Christ. [8]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Christ is symbolized as a light to the dark world. [8]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In the Bible it is written about the light, in the Old Testament, Isaiah 9:1-6, “the great light”, while in the New Testament, John 1:1-18, “the light of man”. [8]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Not only in worship, in houses and shops often decorated with twinkling lights, this has appeared since patristic times as a picture of light overcoming darkness. [8]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The use of candles and twinkling lights is an influence of Jewish or Hanukah light feasts. [8]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The feast of Hanukkah is celebrated around the time of Advent and Christmas, and is sometimes often associated with the term Jewish Christmas. [8]


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

The Christmas economy is usually the largest annual economic stimulus in different countries of the world.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Sales of goods rose sharply in various retail areas, and in the Christmas season people bought various gifts, decorations, and Christmas supplies.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Industries that depend on sales in the Christmas season include Christmas cards, Christmas trees, and others.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

In addition to the largest economic activities, Christmas Day in various Western countries is the loneliest day for the business world; almost all retail stores, business and commercial institutions are closed, and almost all industries cease to operate.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Film studios release a variety of high-cost films in the Christmas season to entertain people, who are on vacation.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Social activities During fasting, congregations of Coptic churches, such as the Coptic Church of Sayidah el-Adzra' (Santa Maria), in Madinat al-Tahrir, Imbaba, Cairo have a habit of only eating once a day with a menu of food such as tempeh (from nuts), the name is tamiya or falafel eaten with a slice of bread and water.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Because of this, the spending money they usually buy meat and other hefty menus is collected and handed directly to the poor coordinated by the Church.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

See also Chronology of the life of Jesus Nativity of Jesus Holy Night Star Christmas Bible section containing the Christmas story: Matthew 1 and Luke 2 Reference Advanced reading The Battle for Christmas, by Stephen Nissenbaum (1996; New York: Vintage Books, 1997).


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

ISBN 0-679-74038-4 The Origins of Christmas, by Joseph F. Kelly (August 2004: Liturgical Press) ISBN 978-0-8146-2984-0 Christmas Customs and Traditions, by Clement A. Miles (1976: Dover Publications) ISBN 978-0-486-23354-3 The World Encyclopedia of Christmas, by Gerry Bowler (October 2004: McClelland & Stewart) ISBN 978-0-7710-1535-9 Santa Claus: A Biography, by Gerry Bowler (November 2007: McClelland & Stewart) ISBN 978-0-7710-1668-4 There Really Is a Santa Claus: The History of St. Nicholas & Christmas Holiday Traditions, by William J. Federer (December 2002: Amerisearch) ISBN 978-0-9653557-4-2 St. Nicholas: A Closer Look at Christmas, by Jim Rosenthal (July 2006: Nelson Reference) ISBN 1-4185-0407-6 Just say Noel: A History of Christmas from the Nativity to the Nineties, by David Comfort (November 1995: Fireside) ISBN 978-0-684-80057-8 4000 Years of Christmas: A Gift from the Ages, by Earl W. Count (November 1997: Ulysses Press) ISBN 978-1-56975-087-2 Markus Aziz, Khalil, The Coptic Orthodox Church (Montreal, Canada: The Coptic Orthodox Patriarchete, t.t), p.35.


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Bambang Noorsena, Message of Eid al-Milad (Christmas) in the Holy Land of Israel/Palestine (Malang: Studia Syriaca Orthodoxia,1999).


Question: When is the day of Jesus' birth commemorated by Christians?

Christmas

Outside Links Category:Celebrations in Indonesia Category:Christian holidays and festivals Category:December Celebrations Category:January Celebrations


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive media typically refers to digital products and services on computer-based systems that respond to user actions by presenting content such as text, moving images, animation, video, audio, and video games.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive media definition is a method of communication in which the output of the media comes from input from the user. [1]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive media that works with participation users.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Media still has the same purpose but user input adds interaction and brings interesting features to the system for better enjoyment.Based on explanations on these types of learning media, that Seels & Glasgow (in Arsyad, 2002:33) groups interactive media is a preferred group of cutting-edge technology media.The cutting-edge technology media itself is differentiated into (1) telecom-based media, suppose teleconferences, remote lectures, and (2) microprocessor-based media, suppose computer-assistted instruction, computer games, tutor systems intellect, interactive, hypermedia, and compact (video) discs.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Development of Analog videodisc was developed by NV Philips.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

He was a pioneer of technology for interactive media.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

In addition, there are several elements that drive the development of interactive media, including the following: This technology on laser discs was first created in 1958.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It allows users to access high-quality analog images on a computer screen.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

This improves the interactive capabilities on the video system.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The concept of graphical user interface (GUI), developed in the 1970s, popularized by Apple Computer, Inc. is essentially about visual metaphors, intuitively sensing and sharing information on virtual desktops.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Extra power it's the only thing needed to move into multimedia.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Sharp declines in hardware costs and unprecedented increases in computers, wind speeds and memory are turning personal computers into affordable machines capable of combining audio and color video in advanced ways.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Another element was the release of Windows 3.0 in 1990 by Microsoft into the mainstream IBM clone world.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It is accelerated acceptance of GUI as a standard mechanism for communicating with computer systems.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The development by NV Philips optical digital technology built around compact disks (CDs) in 1979 was also one of the main elements in the development of interactive media such as raising the issue of interactive media development. [2]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

All of these elements that will contribute in the development of major hardware and software systems used in interactive media.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Terminology Although the word media is a plural form, it is often used as a singular noun.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive media is related to the concepts of interaction design, new media, interactivity, human and computer interaction, cyberculture, digital culture, interactive design, and includes augmented reality.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

An important feature of interactivity is that it is interconnected: where the user and the machine each take an active role (see interaction).


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Especially against interactive computing systems for some human purposes and interacting with humans in human contexts. [3]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Manovich complained that 'In relation to media-based computers, the concept of interactivity is a tautology.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Therefore, to call computer media “interactive” is to mean it simply means stating the most basic facts regarding computers.'. [4] However, this term is useful to indicate an identity of practice and technology.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive media is an instance of a computational method influenced by the sciences of cybernetics, autopoiesis and systems theories, and challenges notions of reason and cognition, perception and memory, emotion and compassion.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

In this form the interface between the end user/audience and the media can be considered interactive.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive media is not limited to electronic media or digital media.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Board games, pop-up books, Game books, flip books and wheel constellations are printed examples of interactive media.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Books with tables of contents or indexes may be considered interactive due to non-linear control mechanisms in the medium term, but are usually considered non-interactive due to most non-interactive user experience reading. [5]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Advantages Effects on learning But there is also a so-called interactive learning medium, which is a teaching delivery system that presents recorded video materials with computer control to the audience (students) who not only hear and view video and sound, but also provides an active response, and it is that response that determines the speed and sequence of presentation. [6]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

This interactive medium aids in the following four dimensional development in which children learn: social and emotional, language development, cognitive and general knowledge, and approaches to learning.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It uses computer and computer education software in a learning environment that helps children improve their communication skills and attitudes about learning.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Children who used computer education software were often found to use more complex speech patterns and higher levels of verbal communication.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

A study found that basic interactive books that simply read stories aloud and highlighted words and phrases like those using passwords were beneficial to children with decreased reading ability.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Children have different styles of learning, and interactive media help children with visual, oral, auditory, and touch learning styles. [7]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The interactive learning medium intended here is shaped like a Compact-Disk (CD).


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

This medium is called Interactive Multimedia CD.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It is called multimedia because it has audio-visual elements (including animation).


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It is called interactive because the medium is designed by actively engaging the wearer's response.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Therefore, this media is CD, it can be grouped as teaching material in e-Learning.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Based on observations from some researchers, that E-learning media can be differentiated into two, namely online and offline interactive media.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Where e-Learning media that is online can be realized in the form of a website/site.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Of course, the utilization of online media costs a hefty cost and slows down the network if using very large media files, but also provides convenience to deliver, update content, students can also send emails to other students, send comments on forums discussions, using chat rooms, to video conference links to communicate directly.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

While e-Learning media that is offline can be realized in CD form.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The advantages of offline media utilization, for example Interactive CD-Multimedia is (1) being able to display multimedia with larger files, (2) much more efficient than online media utilization, (3) the interactivity rate is high because it has more learning experience through text, audio, video, to animation formed with image impressions displayed along with the title and voice narration and also displays complex human mannerisms or work.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The most important characteristic of this media group is that students do not only pay attention to the media or objects, they are also demanded to interact during learning. There are at least three kinds of interactions. the first interaction will show students interact with a program, for example students are asked to fill blanks on programmed learning materials.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The second form of interaction is that students interact with machines, such as learning machines, simulators, language laboratories, computers or combinations of them in the form of interactive videos.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The third form of interactive is to organize interactions between students regularly but not programmatically; as students in an activity or problem, which requires them to retaliate against or cooperation with a companion in solving a problem.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

In this case the student should be able to adjust to the situation that arises because there are no rigid restrictions on the correct answer.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

So educational games and problem-oriented simulations have the potential to provide interest-stimulating and realistic learning experiences.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Therefore, teachers consider it the best source in communication media affairs. [8]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Intuitive understanding Interactive media makes the technology more intuitive to use.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive products such as smartphones, iPads/iPods, interactive whiteboards and websites are easy to use.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Easy use of these products encourages consumers to experiment with their products instead of reading instruction manuals. [9]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Interactive Media Relations that introduce about dialogical communication.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Dialogical communication itself is two-way communication, so that between the communicator and the communicant conduct a relationship by means of interchanging information and response so that the contents/material/substance being spoken of can be mutually understood.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

In another sense it is also mentioned that dialogical communication is verbal communication that occurs between two parties (speaker and listener) in a reciprocal way. So in dialogical communication, the speaker must convey something to be understood by the listener as intended by speaker means unusual or no difference in meaning meant by the communicator and the meaning received by this communication enables the sender and recipient to build long-term trust and cooperation.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It plays an important role in building relationships.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It's also oganized that uses interactive media to go further than basic marketing and develop more positive relationship behaviors. [10]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

This type of Distributed Interactive Media Media that allows multiple geographically remote users to interact synchronously with a media application/system better known as Interactive Media Distribution.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Some common examples of media types such as Online Gaming, Distributing virtual environments, whiteboards used for interactive conferences and more. [11]


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Examples Some basic examples of interactive media are video games and websites.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

These sites, especially social networking sites provide interactive use of text and graphics to their users, who interact with each other in various ways such as chatting, playing online games, sharing posts that may include their thoughts and/or those images and forth.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Video games are also one common example of Interactive Media as players use a joystick/controller to interactively respond to actions and changes occurring on the game screen generated by the game application, which in turn reacts with the response of the players via joystick/controller. [12] Another example is interactive media using flash applications.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

But if your computer has installed flash applications, such as Flash MX (Flash 6), Flash MX 2004 (Flash 7), Flash 8, Flash CS3 (Flash 9), and so on.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

This flash offers ease in creating various interactive media, such as creating a company profile. but in creating a company profile here you can replace with interactive CD, CV (curriculum vitae), portfolio, presentation, or whatever it is.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The principle in this flash application will create an interactive media/application like the web but more animated.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Technologies for interactive Media implementation can be implemented in a wide variety of platforms and applications covering almost all areas of technology.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Some examples include mobile platforms such as touchscreen smartphones and tablets, as well as other interactive media created specifically to solve unique problems or problems.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

This interactive medium is not limited to the IT field, it instead covers all technologies that supply to film parts or feedback that is based on user actions.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

It can include javascript and AJAX utilization within web pages, but can be extended to any programming language that shares the same or the same functionality.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

One recent innovation for supply for interactivity to solve the problem of individual doom on a day-to-day basis is Delta Airlines “Photon Shower.”


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The device was developed from Delta in collaboration with Professor Russell Foster of Cambridge University.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The device is designed to reduce the effect of jet lag on customers who often take long flights across time zones.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

The system of interactivity is obvious because of the way in which it solves these mundane problems..


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

By observing what time zones a person has crossed and matching them to the known basis of an individual's sleep cycle, these machines are able to predict when person's body expects light, and when it expects darkness.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

Then bombard individuals according to light sources variations for time, as well as instructional cards to tell them what current their body expects light and what this time expects darkness.The growth of interactive media continues to advance nowadays, with the advent of more many and more powerful machines limit to what could be input and manipulated on screen in real time this becomes almost nothing.


Question: Who developed the Interactive Whiteboard?

Interactive media

[13] [14] [15] See also Artmedia Collective intelligence Digital Art Digital media Immersive virtual reality Information theory Interactive advertising Interactive art Interactive cinema International Interactive Communication Society Internet think tank Mass Media Collaboration Media Psychology Media Theory Multimedia Arts New Media Social Media User-generated content Video Game Web Documentary Reference Category:Media Studies


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Cipulir is a sub-district in Kebayoran Lama sub-district, South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The ward has postal code 12230 with region code 31.71.010.004.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The ward has a population of 29,041 inhabitants and an area of 1.95km2.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Government, history and community Office Lurah Cipulir Office located on Jalan Ciledug Raya, near Jalan Tomb, next to the entrance road of SD Cipulir.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The boundaries of the Coordinates region on the map show the region is at coordinate points between 06°14'00” - 06°14'60” South latitude and between 106°45” 80” - 106°46'85” East longitude.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

With the boundaries of the region are: Cipulir Tempo Dulu Dulu, Betawi and Dutch style houses are found in this region.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

However, unfortunately, along with the passage of time, the houses were demolished because they were classified as old houses and replaced new and modern houses in minimalist and mediterranean style.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

However, even so, there are still many Betawi and Dutch style houses that you can find especially on the left and right of Kebayoran Lama Highway (generally covered by the trees of their yard and blocked by traders and people who open businesses in front of their homes).


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In addition, there are many places to see colonial houses on the left and right of Ciledug Raya road.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The diversity of people living in Cipulir area is very high.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In this region you can find various ethnicities that live in the community ranging from Betawi people, Javanese, Sundanese, Chinese, Padang people and Batak people and Ambonese.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In addition, some of the ethnicities that also color the region are Indians, some Europeans, and Arabs.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The welfare of the people in this region can not be said to be high. There are still many people in this area who live in a crowded area although it cannot be said to be a slum.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Regions that are classified as dense areas include Kebon Mangga Tengah, Peninggaran, and Cipulir.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The area that can be said to be a medium area is spread ranging from PMD complex, Seskoal, Cipulir Permai and Lemigas as well as some areas such as Kebon Mangga I, Jalan Amsar and Jalan Kangkung.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Common professions in the region are itinerant merchants, shop workers, building laborers and so on.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

But there are also several upward class professions such as corporate workers, bank employees, professionals such as doctors, to officials.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Public facilities of Noted Schools there are 9 schools in this region, such as one of them is Cipulir State Elementary School in Kebon Mangga and SMP Negeri 48 and SMK N 43 located on Jalan Raya Kebayoran Lama.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Mosque, Langgar and Mushala Noted there are 14 mosques, langgar or mushala in this village, one of which is Jami' An-Nidzom Mosque located in Kebon Mangga I and Jami' Muyassyarin Mosque located in Kebayoran Lama.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Masjid Jami' Muyassyarin Mosque is the oldest mosque and is the pride of Kebayoran Lama residents.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In addition to the high historical value, there is one of the unique of this mosque, which is above the minaret of the mosque there is an arrow emblem and a bow which is the direction of the Qibla.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Petrol Pump Gas Station located in this area is located on Jalan Ciledug Raya (right next to Seskoal Entrance) and on Jalan Raya Kebayoran Lama (beside SD Negeri Grogol Selatan).


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Tomb tomb located in Cipulir area is in the area of RW 001, there is a tomb complex located next to Kali Pesanggrahan Entertainment Entertainment in the form of Cinema first had time to rejuvenate this area.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Call it Cipulir 21 which used to be in Cipulir Plaza, where the biggest tenant of the time was the Sun who opened his business in that place.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The glory of Cinema at that time received attention everywhere.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

This can also be seen with the opening of many ancient cinema centers such as Crown, Light and Rainbow.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Unfortunately, the Crown has burned in a great fire many years ago and the place is now a shophouse -shop where selling electronics.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Light and Rainbow also fared three money.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The two cinemas that were still open were cinemas that were still willing to run hobbled amid the glitter of modern cinemas because they were still consistent to provide entertainment for the middle to lower class people.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Cinema Cahaya is currently covered by a clothing and electronics sales center so the driveway is only a narrow alley and Rainbow Cinema is overgrown with weeds so no one knows if there is a Cinema except from the Cinema Poster board that still stands there.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Housing Some middle-class housing is present in this area, namely: Lemigas Complex on Jalan Panjang Cipulir Permai Residential Cipulir Permai PMD Complex in Al Mubarok, Ciledug Raya Komplek School of TNI AL Command Staff or known as “Seskoal” on Jalan Ciledug Raya Golf Course Golf courses that exist in the region are those in the territory of Seskoal (are within the Seskoal Complex).


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Maternity Hospital Kartini maternity hospital is located on road ciledug raya close to Seskoal crossroad and equipped with academy.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The economy of Cipulir Region is the economic driving center for the surrounding region and Kebayoran lama itself.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

This is due to the establishment of economic activity centers contained in this village namely: Kebayoran Lama Market Markets on Jalan Kebayoran Lama Raya Ramayana Department Store at Jalan Kebayoran Lama Raya Kebayoran Lama Market on Jalan Ciledug Raya Pusat Wholesale Alfa Gudang Rabat on Jalan Ciledug Raya (since June 2008 has changed to Carrefour Express) ITC Cipulir Mas on Jalan Ciledug Raya as a wholesale and retail center on Jalan Ciledug Raya as a wholesale center of clothing Street vendors In addition to large markets managed by PD Pasar Jaya and private, Cipulir area is also home by hundreds and even thousands of street vendors.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The street vendors sell a wide variety of objects ranging from accessories, clothing and the like, ready meals, snacks, stationery, condiments, vegetables and fruit, fish and meat, electronics, household appliances, toys to used books.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

These traders can be found along Kebayoran Lama highway (around the Kebayoran Lama Market area) and Jalan Ciledug Raya (Around Kebayoran Lama Market and Alfa and Round Pasar Cipulir and ITC Cipulir Mas).


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Those traders also have their own operational time.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Fruit traders can be encountered from morning to night.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Accessory and clothing merchants can be found morning to evening, greengrocers can be found most in the morning and return to seduce in the afternoon and evening, other traders are widely encountered during the day.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Typical cut flower traders, during certain feast days, cut flower traders will appear to be seething at the Kebayoran Lama - Kramat fork.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Traders of snacks to break the fast ranging from compote, fried foods, various confectionery, to candied fruit will be found in the months when Muslims are doing Ramadan fasting.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Wholesaler shops Meanwhile, economic activities in the form of shops spread starting from Kebayoran Lama Market and ITC Cipulir Mas which specializes in wholesale sales of textile products and their followings (sewing machines and parts).


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Traders here play a lot in clothing, office stationery, convection objects, cosmetics, electronics, footwear, nine staples, gold, clocks, body accessories, textiles, toys to instant food and plastic products and baking materials.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The big tenant who opened his shop here is Ramayana Department Store located in the old Kebayoran Market and Alfa Gudang Rabat (Now Named Carrefour Express) located on Jalan Ciledug Raya.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Bank Finance There are a number of banks that open branches here considering this area is a good place as a center for money turnover.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The inhabitants of this region who are generally livelihoods as merchants need a place to store their money.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Therefore, there are many banks opened in this area ranging from national, regional to local banks ranging from BCA, BII, CIMB Niaga, Bank DKI, Bank Mandiri, Bank BRI and other banks.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Other financial institutions In addition, a number of places to raise community funds such as Kodanua Cooperative, one of which is located on Jalan Kebon Mangga 1 also decorate this area in addition to the Bank.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In addition, there are also community fund raising services and informal lenders such as moneylenders are scattered around the Kebayoran Lama Market.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Although the meaning of moneylenders is in connotative meaning, their existence is needed by many parties in this region who need fresh funds without having to be convoluted with the affairs of the Bank administration and failure in obtaining credit.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Although the flowers borne are not few, but in fact they also help the movement of the economy of this region.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Public transport Public Road Some public roads in this area include Jalan Panjang (Ciledug), Jalan Ciledug Raya, Jalan Paninggaran, Jalan Penghulu, Jalan Sanusi, and Kebon Mangga series starting from Kebon Mangga 1, Kebon Mangga 2, Kebon Mangga 3, to Kebon Mangga 4 and Kebon Mangga Tengah.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Other roads include Jalan Al-Mubarok Series from 1 to 4, Jalan Cipulir Series from 1 to 4, and roads in Eastern Indonesia such as Banda Sea, Seram Sea, Arafuru Sea, and Maluku Sea (Located inside the Navy School).


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Public transportation Almost all kinds of public transportation invaded the region. ranging from small to large vehicles, have the old Kebayoran area trajects.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Indirectly, this region can be said to be the shadow terminal of Kebayoran Lama.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Cipulir Village which is located right in Kebayoran Lama Market, must be accustomed to congestion because every day it is swayed by vehicles - public transportation.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

This is compounded by the large number of street vendors who seduce in this area especially around the old Kebayoran Market to eat up road bodies and where people walk.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Public Transportation Some public transportation through this region are: M09 Kebayoran Lama - Permata Hijau - Tanah Abang M09A Kebayoran Lama - Kampung Baru - Tanah Abang APB01 Kebayoran Lama - Kemandoran C01 Ciledug - Kebayoran Lama C05 Pondok Aren - Kebayoran Lama (Passing Ulujami) C12 Pondok Aren - Kebayoran Lama (Passing Cipadu) D01 Kebayoran lama - Ciputat S03 Kebayoran Lama - Pondok Labu S07 Pondok Aren - Kebayoran Lama (Passing Cipadu) S10 Kebayoran Lama - Tanah Kusir S69 Ciledug - Blok M S70 Joglo - Blok M S78 Cidodol - Blok M (but since 2010 does not operate anymore) 614 Cipulir Pasar M48 M48 Cipulir - Kalideres Bianglala 44 Ciledug - Senen Some public transport vehicles commonly encountered in addition to public transport above are taxis, bajaj to motorcycle ojeg for residential areas.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The railway line also crosses Kebayoran Lama station which is not too far from the region.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

But Kebayoran Station is under renovation by PT.KAI. This railway line connects between Merak - Serpong - Tanah Abang.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

Kali Pesanggrahan Kali Pesanggrahan is one of the major rivers that cross the area of DKI Jakarta.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

This time it flows right next to ITC Cipulir Mas and Pasar Cipulir.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In connection with the low plains in this region, Cipulir market and surrounding areas are often affected by annual floods or major five-yearly floods that occurred around February 2002 and 2007.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In previous flood events, this textile wholesale center had to close for days as water continued to inundate the region.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

After receding the merchants suffered many losses because their clothing and textile materials were submerged in mud so difficult to clean and forced to be disposed of.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

The merchants of machinery and orderdil in the region also suffered a similar fate.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

In times of flooding, water swept away their tooling.


Question: What is the area of Cipulir village?

Cipulir, Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta

As a result, the equipment became damaged and unusable as a result of being submerged in water.


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

The Ministry of Tourism of the Republic of Indonesia or abbreviated Kemenpar RI is a ministry in the Government of Indonesia in charge of tourism affairs.


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

The Ministry of Tourism is subordinate to and accountable to the President.


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

The Ministry of Tourism is headed by a Minister of Tourism (Menpar) who since October 27, 2014 is held by Arief Yahya.


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

History of the Department of Tourism, Post, and Telecommunications (Depparpostel) (1983-1998) Department of Tourism, Arts, and Culture (Depparsenibud) (1998-1999) Ministry of State Tourism, and Arts (Kemengparsen) (1999-2001) State Ministry of Culture, and Tourism (Kemenegbudpar) (2001-2005) Ministry of Culture, and Tourism (Depbudpar) (2005-2009) Ministry of Culture, and Tourism (Kemenbudpar) (2009-2011) Ministry of Tourism, and Creative Economy (Kemenparekraf) (2011-2014) Ministry of Tourism (Kemenpar) (2014-present) Duties and functions of the Ministry of Tourism has the task of organizing government affairs in the field of tourism to assist the President in organizing the government of the country.


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

In carrying out tasks, the Ministry of Tourism organizes functions: formulation and determination of policies in the field of destination development and tourism industry, development of foreign tourism marketing, development of archipelago tourism marketing, and institutional development tourism; coordination and synchronization of policy implementation in the field of destination development and tourism industry, development of foreign tourism marketing, development of archipelago tourism marketing, and tourism institutional development; policy implementation in the field of development and pioneering tourist attraction in the framework of the growth of national tourism destinations and regional development as well as improving the quality and competitiveness of tourism; implementation of technical guidance and supervision on the implementation of government affairs in the field of destination development and tourism industry, development of foreign tourism marketing, development of archipelago tourism marketing, and tourism institutional development; coaching and providing administrative support to all elements of organizations in the Ministry of Tourism environment; management of belongings/ the wealth of the country which is the responsibility of the Ministry of Tourism; and the supervision over the implementation of duties in the environment of the Ministry of Tourism.


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

The organizational composition of the Ministry of Tourism consists of: Secretariat of the Ministry; Deputy for Destination Development and Tourism Industry; Deputy for Foreign Tourism Marketing Development; Deputy for Development of Tourism Marketing Archipelago; Deputy for Development Institutional Tourism; Expert Staff in Economic Affairs and Tourism Area; Multicultural Expert Staff; Maritime Expert Staff; and Information and Communication Technology Expert Staff. [1]


Question: where is the main office of the Ministry of Tourism?

Indonesian Ministry of Tourism

See also List of Indonesian Tourism Minister Ministry of Tourism Reference Outside links (in Indonesian) Tourism


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Terminal 3 Soekarno-Hatta International Airport

Terminal 3 Soekarno—Hatta International Airport (also known as Terminal 3 Ultimate) is an airport terminal of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Jabodetabek waiter.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Located on the east-north side of the airport.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Its terminals have a different design from other terminals.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Terminals 1 and 2 were built with the incorporation of local architecture in their design, but terminal 3 was built to a contemporary modern design with eco-friendliness and traditional flavor.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The terminal was previously named Terminal 3 Ultimate but it was later decided to integrate with the old terminal 3.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

It is currently home to Garuda Indonesia flights until continued completion where all international flights (except budget carriers) will move here.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

It is estimated that the terminal will be fully operational by September 2017.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The old Terminal 3 history was officially opened for international flights on 15 November 2011, where Indonesia AirAsia began using T3 as a new hub for international flights as domestic flights.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The old T3 has a capacity of 4 million passengers per year, 30 report-entry outlets, 6 baggage collection, and 3 gates with 2 garbarata.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

In 2012, PT AP II created a masterplan to upgrade Soetta Airport into an international class airport and build an aerotropolis. [1]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The T3 expansion is also part of the masterplan. [2]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The new T3 was officially opened on 9 August 2016.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Currently, the new T3 does not have a link with the old T3 building, but the old T3 will be renovated with connections to be built between the new and old terminals.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Facility With an area of 422,804 square meters, the new terminal is slightly larger than Singapore's Changi International Airport Terminal 3.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

It has 10 gates for international and 18 domestic flights, 206 report-entry counters, 38 swakonters and 12 bag drop counters, 48 garbarata, 2 4-star hotels, meeting rooms, excise free shops, retail stores, and parking buildings. [3]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

It also has an automatic baggage security system with at least 13 conveyor belts. [4]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The overall area of the main building of the new Terminal 3 is approximately 331,101 square meters, the parking building is 85,878 square meters, and the 6,124 square meter VVIP passenger building.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Terminal 3 will serve 25 million passengers annually.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

When the terminal is fully operational, the airport authority expects to connect 70 international destinations, an increase from those currently numbering 30. [5]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

It represents a modern terminal specifically designed to serve as a transit point for international airlines.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The report-entry area is arranged in the form of 8 clusters.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Its parking area has a capacity to accommodate 2,600 cars and 2,600 motorcycles. [6]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

T3 (U) provides a commercial area with a different atmosphere and scenery than other airports in Indonesia.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Its commercial area covers an area of 71,225 square meters.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Divided into several zones, each for food/beverage covering 23,301 square meters, 22,023 square meters retail, 2,007 square meters of service, excise free 4,784 square meters, 8,496 square meters lounge, 1,493 square meters exhibition, and 19,121 square meters office/airline. [7]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

T3 (U) is equipped with a level 5 BHS to detect explosives and directly move to the blanket, an Airport Security System that can control 600 CCTV to detect faces listed on the security list, an Intelligence Building Management System that can control the use of water and electricity, rainwater systems to produce clean water from rain, recycled water systems to produce toilet water from used toilet water, and control of illumination technology to illuminate terminals depending on the surrounding weather. [8]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The T3 expansion area stretches 1.2 km and the apron can serve 40 airplanes.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

When completed, T3 will become the terminal of the aerotropolis.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

T3 will be able to service 60 airplanes out of 40 current airliners. [9]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The T3 also has WiFi access at speeds of up to 50 megabits per second (6.25 MB/s), the fastest among all airports in the world.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Free access for the first 15 minutes and then paid Rp5k per hour. [10]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The terminal also houses a Tourist Information Center where tourists can get information about tourist attractions, transportation, accommodation, and other travel-related information in Indonesia. [11]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Airlines and Ground Transportation Destinations Available shuttle buses connecting Terminals 1, 2, and 3.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Skytrain/people transfer service is being built to connect 3 terminals that will be completed in conjunction with the KA rail line in June 2017.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Skytrain speed will be 5 minutes, with 7 minutes required to get from T1 to T3. [12]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

PT Railink, a subsidiary of PT Angkasa Pura II and PT Kereta Api Indonesia is building a rail line to connect the airport and the city center, which is expected to start operating July 2017.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The total length of its line from the airport to Manggarai Station in the Administrative City of South Jakarta is 36.3 km. The integrated building for the airport station at T3 is predicted to be completed by March 2017.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

The station will accommodate 6 trains with a capacity of 272 passengers.


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Airport trains will operate to serve 35,000 passengers with 122 trips per day. [13]


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Retail, food/beverage and public areas Colombia BNI BRI Digital Bank Mandiri Bakmi GM GraPARI Cold Stone Creamery Krispy Kreme Alfaexpress Starbucks Coffee OldTown White Coffee Burger King J.CO Donuts Hoka-Hoka Bento Coach Tumi Roti'O Batik Keris Excelso Cafe Ramen 38 Sanpachi Liberica Coffee Steak Hotels by Holycow!


Question: when was Soekarno—Hatta International Airport established?

Solaria Delico KOI Thé Ardent Coffee Warung Koffie Batavia Nanny's Pavillion Roti Unyil Verde Danar Hadi Mothercare Re juve See also Soekarno-Hatta International Airport List of the world's largest buildings Garuda Indonesia SkyTeam Reference Category:Soekarno-International Airport Hatta


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Battle of Cape Esperance otherwise known as the Second Battle of Savo Island, and according to Japanese sources as the Naval Battle of Savo Island (海, Sabo-tō Oki Kaisen) was a naval battle that occurred from October 11 to October 12, 1942 during the Pacific War of World War II between the Forces The Imperial Sea of Japan and the United States Navy.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The battle was the third of the five largest naval battles throughout the Guadalkanal campaign, and occurred on the entrance road of the strait between Savo Island and Guadalkanal in the Solomon Islands.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

On the night of 11 October 1942, the Japanese naval fleet in the Solomon Islands area under the command of Gunichi Mikawa dispatched a massive convoy of reinforcements and supplies for Japanese forces on Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Mikawa's convoy consisted of two ocean-going aircraft carriers and six destroyers under the command of Young Admiral Takatsugu Jojima.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At the same time but in separate operations, three heavy cruisers and two destroyers under the command of Admiral Young Aritomo Gotō were dispatched to perform bombardment missions against the Allied airfield on Guadalkanal (called Henderson Airfield by the Allies) with the intent of destroying the aircraft and facilities of the Allied airfield.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Shortly before midnight 11 October 1942, a United States fleet of four cruisers and five destroyers under the command of Admiral Young Norman Scott plied the Japanese fleet under Gotō's command when it was approaching Savo Island, near Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Allied grievances were not foreseeable by the Japanese side.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The battleships under Scott's command succeeded in sinking one Japanese cruiser.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

One of Scott's destroyers also resulted in heavy damage to the Japanese cruiser, as well as killing Young Admiral Aritomo Gotō who was on board.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In the aftermath, the other Japanese warships aborted bombardment missions and withdrew.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In the gunfight, one of the United States destroyers was sunk, as well as one cruiser and one destroyer sustained heavy damage.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

While the battle progressed, a Japanese logistics convoy managed to unload its cargo on Guadalkanal, and began the voyage back to base without ever being found by the United States fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

On the morning of the next day of 12 October 1942, four Japanese destroyers from a logistics convoy reversed course to assist the damaged ships of Gotō's fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Two of the four Japanese destroyers were sunk on the same day after falling victim to air raids conducted by United States aircraft from Henderson Air Field.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Although the battle ended in the victory of the United States fleet, this battle had little direct strategic value.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Just two nights after the battle, two Japanese gunships had already come back bombardment and nearly destroyed Henderson Airfield.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Japanese also later managed to land more reinforcements troops on Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Background On 7 August 1942, Allied soldiers (mainly the United States) landed on Guadalkanal, Tulagi, and the Florida Islands in the Solomon Islands.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Allied landings were intended to prevent Japan from using Guadalkanal as a military base threatening materiil shipping routes between the United States and Australia, securing the islands as a turning point for the campaign to isolate the main Japanese base at Rabaul, as well as supported the Allied waged New Guinea campaign.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Guadalkanal campaign would later last for six months. [3]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In the 8 August 1942 twilight offensive that surprised the Japanese, Allied forces consisting mostly of the United States Marine Corps managed to seize Tulagi as well as adjacent smaller islands, following an airfield on Guadalkanal that the Japanese were building.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

After the airfield was completed, the Allies referred to it as Henderson Airfield.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Allied aircraft based in Henderson were nicknamed the “Cactus Air Force” (cactus is the Allied password for Guadalkanal). [4]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In reaction to the Allied landings on Guadalkanal, Imperial Japanese General Headquarters assigned 17th Army to retake Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The 17th Army was a corps size unity under the leadership of Lieutenant General Harukichi Hyakutake based at Rabaul.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Since August 19, 1942, various units from the 17th Army began to arrive in Guadalkanal. [5]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

As a result of the threat of air attack by Cactus Air Force aircraft, Japan was unable to use its large and slow transports to deliver troops and supplies to Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

As their replacements, Japan used battleships, mainly light cruisers or destroyers.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Japanese supply convoys were usually able to cruise to Guadalkanal past the New Georgia Strait and return safely to the base in just one night.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

These round-trip cruise missions were conducted from sunset to before sunrise, and were intended to reduce the chances of being struck by Cactus Air Force aircraft.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

However, the transportation of troops with warships does not allow heavy supplies and equipment, such as heavy artillery, vehicles, and most ammunition and food.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In addition, the use of destroyers to deliver supplies resulted in a reduced inventory of destroyers that were actually needed to protect Japanese fleet convoys.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Allies dubbed the convoy of Japanese high-speed warships used to deliver supplies during the Guadalkanal Campaign as the “Tokyo Ekspres”.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

On the contrary, the Japanese refer to it as “Rat Transport”. [6]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Before the war, the Japanese Navy conducted intensive night exercises.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Japanese fleet's ability to conduct night operations allowed them to take control of the seas around the Solomon Islands during the night.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

But during daylight hours, any Japanese ships located within the cruising radius of Cactus Air Force aircraft (about 320km) were threatened with air attack danger.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Those situations dragged on for months during the campaign.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Japan's sea superiority lasting from sunset to sunrise did not prove to help Japan win the Guadalkanal campaign. [7]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The massive effort the Japanese Army first made to recapture Henderson Airfield was made on 21 August 1942 in the Battle of Tenaru, and then in the Battle of Edson Ridge 12 September to 14 September.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Both attempts failed. [8]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Japanese scheduled the next attack to retake Henderson Air Field on 20 October 1942.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In preparation before being deployed to Guadalkanal, the Japanese moved most members of the 2nd Infantry Division and 38th Infantry Division numbering 17,500 men from the Dutch East Indies to Rabaul.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Between 14 September and 9 October 1942, Tokyo Express convoys many times managed to deliver troops from the 2nd Infantry Division to Guadalkanal, including carrying General Hyakutake.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In addition to wearing cruisers and destroyers, the Tokyo Express mission several times included Nisshin seagoing aircraft carriers to deliver heavy equipment to Guadalkanal, including vehicles and heavy artillery that other types of warships could not carry because limitations of cargo space.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Japanese Navy pledged to support the ground force offensive by delivering the necessary troops, equipment, and supplies at Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In addition, the navy also promised to send warships to bombard and increase the frequency of air strikes to Henderson Airfield. [9]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Meanwhile, the commander of the entire Allied army in the South Pacific Admiral Madya Robert L. Ghormley was successfully convinced by the commander of the United States Army in the South Pacific Major General Millard F. Harmon that the Marines on Guadalkanal needed to be urgently reinforced if the Allies wanted to succeed defended Guadalkanal from the following Japanese offensive.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

On 8 October 1942, a total of 2,837 members of the 164th Infantry Regiment of the United States Army's Americal Division boarded ships in New Caledonia to begin the journey to Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The estimated date of their arrival was on October 13, 1942. [10]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

As protector of the transports carrying the 164th Regiment to Guadalkanal, Ghormley commanded Task Force 64 (TF64) of four cruisers (San Francisco, Boise, Salt Lake City, and Helena), plus five destroyers (Farenholt, Duncan, Buchanan, McCalla, and Laffey) in under the lead of Admiral Young Norman Scott to intercept and destroy any Japanese ships approaching Guadalkanal and threatening Allied convoys.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott conducted one night fighting exercise with his ships on 8 October.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Afterwards, a task force under Scott's command took up positions south of Guadalkanal near Rennell Island on 9 October to await word of the movement of Japanese ships heading south of the Solomon Islands. [11]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

While forwarding preparations for the October offensive, Admiral Madya Gunichi Mikawa's staff of the Imperial Japanese Navy's 8th Fleet headquartered at Rabaul scheduled a large and important Tokyo Express mission on the night of 11 October 1942.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Nisshin assisted by Chitose delivered 728 servicemen, four large howitzers, two field cannons, one antiaircraft gun, and an assortment of large quantities of ammunition as well as other equipment from Japanese Navy bases on the Shortland Islands and from Buin, Bougainville to Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Six destroyers, five of which carried troops, accompanied Nisshin and Chitose.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The logistics convoy called the “Reinforcements Cluster” by the Japanese side, was under the command of Young Admiral Takatsugu Jojima.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At the same time but in separate operations, three heavy cruisers of the 6th Explorer Division, Aoba, Kinugasa, and Furutaka under the command of Admiral Young Aritomo Gotō, set out to destroy the Cactus Air Force following existing airfield facilities by conducting The bombardment wears special explosive bullets against Henderson Airfield.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Explorer Division 6 was escorted by two destroyers acting as veil ships, Fubuki and Hatsuyuki.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Japanese did not anticipate any resistance of the Allied fleet because United States Navy ships had never once attempted to block Tokyo Express missions to Guadalkanal. [12]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Battle of Preliminary Sunday, October 11, 1942, at 08.00, Jojima's cluster of reinforcements departed from Shortland Islands port to begin a 250mi (400km) voyage across the New Georgia Strait to Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The six destroyers accompanying Nisshin and Chitose were Asagumo, Natsugumo, Yamagumo, Shirayuki, Murakumo, and Akizuki.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Gotō led bombardment fleet departed from the Shortland Islands bound for Guadalkanal at 14:00 the same day. [13]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

As protection for Jojima's reinforcements cluster from Cactus Air Force attacks when approaching Guadalkanal, the Japanese 11th Air Fleet based at Rabaul, Kavieng, and Buin planned two airstrikes on Henderson Air Field on 11 October.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

A number of 17 A6M Zero aircraft carried out sweeping to Henderson Airfield exactly after noon, but failed to rendezvous with a single United States aircraft.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Forty-five minutes later, a second wave of 45 magnitude Mitsubishi G4M2 Type 1 bomber aircraft and 30 Zero aircraft arrived over Henderson Airfield.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In the dogfight over Henderson, one Japanese Type 1 bomber and two United States fighter planes were shot down.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Despite failing to inflict any meaningful damage, the Japanese attack managed to prevent the discovery of clusters of Japanese reinforcements by Cactus Air Force bomber aircraft.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

When the cluster of reinforcements had already entered the New Georgia Strait, Zero planes of the 11th Air Fleet came to provide escort.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Jojima's convoy of reinforcements was so important to Japanese plans that the final flight mission of the day was ordered to stay airborne over the convoy until it was dark.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Afterwards, the airman was ordered to land his aircraft at sea and wait until it was levied by the destroyers of the reinforcements cluster.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

There was only one pilot successfully found out of the entire six Zero aircraft that made landings at sea. [14]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Allied reconnaissance aircraft spotted Jojima's convoy of reinforcements roughly 210mi (340km) from Guadalkanal, between Kolombangara and Choiseul in the New Georgia Strait at 14:45 on 11 October.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The strength of the Japanese fleet was reported as two “cruisers” and six destroyers.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The Gotō led bombardment fleet that was behind the convoy was not spotted by reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

In reaction to the arrival of Jojima's fleet, Scott at 16.07 ordered his ships turn towards Guadalkanal for interceptions. [15]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Until then, the Allied fleet had always lost in every nighttime naval battle against the Japanese Navy.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Eight cruisers and three Allied destroyers had been sunk without success sinking a single Japanese warship.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Aware of Japanese superiority in night combat, Scott devised a simple combat plan to deal with the imminent naval battle.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott ordered his ships to sail in column formation.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The destroyers were at the forward-most and behind the ranks of cruisers.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The destroyers would illuminate each target with searchlights and release torpedo-torpedoes, while the cruisers fired cannons at every target at hand without having to wait for command.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Sea-flying aircraft transported by cruisers would be launched early to locate and illuminate Japanese warships with flares.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

On the United States side, although Helena and Boise were already equipped with new model SG radars that had improved capabilities, Scott still chose San Francisco as his command ship. [16]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 22:00, when Scott's ships were approaching Cape Hunter at the southwestern end of Guadalkanal, Scott's three cruisers dispatched seaplanes.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

One had an accident when it took off, but the other two survived and patrolled over Savo Island, Guadalkanal, and Ironbottom Strait.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

When the Allied seagoing airplanes were launched, Jojima's fleet had just passed through the mountainous northwest side of the Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Therefore, the two fleets are invisible to each other.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 22:20, Jojima sent Gotō a radio message containing news of the absence of any United States ships in the surrounding area.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Despite hearing Scott's marine aircraft flying over them while unloading cargo on the northern coast of Guadalkanal, Jojima's men did not manage to report this to Gotō. [17]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 22:33, not long after passing Cape Esperance, Scott's ships prepared in combat formation.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Farenholt, Duncan, and Laffey were frontmost in column formation, followed by San Francisco, Boise, Salt Lake City, and Helena.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The destroyers Buchanan and McCalla were at the very rear.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The distance between the vessels each ranges from 460 m to 640 m.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Time visibility is bad.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The setting moon does not leave the slightest light.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Sea horizon is not visible. [18]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Gotō's fleet went through some stormy showers as they approached Guadalkanal at speeds of 30kn (35mph; 56km/h).


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

As the leader of the Japanese ships in column formation, the cruiser Aoba made a flag ship by Gotō was ahead, followed by Furutaka and Kinugasa.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Aoba was flanked by Fubuki on the right hull and Hatsuyuki in the left hull.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

By 23:30, Gotō's ships were out of the last of the storm's rain series, and came into view in radar coverage of Helena and Salt Lake City.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

However, the Japanese ships, which were not equipped with radar, still did not realize the ships of Scott's fleet were near. [19]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Action At 23:00, reconnaissance aircraft from San Francisco spotted Jojima's fleet near Guadalkanal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott who received the report believed there were many more Japanese ships to come soon.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

His ships were nevertheless ordered to continue the voyage in the direction of the west side of Savo Island.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:33, Scott ordered his ships which were sailing in column formation to turn towards the southwest in a direction of 230°.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott's command was understood by all ships in his fleet as turning in column formation, with the exception of the San Francisco ship that Scott was overriding.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

When the three destroyers that were ahead of San Francisco turned in column formation, San Francisco took a turn at the same time.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Boise whose position is behind San Francisco also took the turn.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

As a result, the three leading destroyers became out of formation. [20]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:32, Helena's radar detected Japanese warships to be within roughly 25,300 m.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:35, radar at Boise and Duncan also detected the warships of Gotō's fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Between 23:42 and 23.44, Helena and Boise reported their discovery to Scott based above San Francisco.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

But Scott mistakenly understood reports of radar contacts that Boise and Helena delivered.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

He thought the report was the result of tracking the position of three destroyers in his fleet separated from formation while turning in column formation.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott contacted Farenholt by radio to inquire in case Farenholt intended to take back his position as the leading ship in column formation.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Farenholt replied, “Affirmative, we came from the starboard hull.”


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

That answer further convinced Scott that the radar contact report provided to him was about the position of the destroyers incorporated in his fleet. [21]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:45, Farenholt and Laffey were still unaware of the approaching Gotō ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Both ships instead added speed to return to their former position as the leading ship in formation.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

However, Duncan's crew suspected Farenholt and Laffey were embarking on an attack on Japanese warships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Duncan co-added speed in preparation for a torpedo attack in the direction of Gotō's fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Everything Duncan's crew did without informing Scott of the actions they were taking.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

San Francisco radar also detected Japanese ships, but Scott was no longer alerted to the radar contact.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:45, Gotō's ships were only 4,600 m away from Scott's formation, and were spotted by guard officers over Helena and Salt Lake City.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The United States ships in position crossing the T in front of a formation of Japanese ships, and provided a significant tactical advantage to Scott's fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:46, Helena still assumed Scott had known about the presence of Japanese ships approaching at high speed.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Over the radio, Helena contacted Scott to ask permission to start the shot.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The radio contact is carried out using a common request procedure, the words “Interrogatory Roger” which basically means “Are we allowed to act?”


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott simply replies “Roger” to confirm he has received a radio message from Helena.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Yet the answer from Scott was not an order to start a shot.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Upon hearing Scott's pronounced “Roger”, Helena's crew suspected permission had been granted, and immediately began gunfire that Boise and Salt Lake City soon followed.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott was further shocked after learning his own ship, the San Francisco also began firing. [22]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The impromptu attack of Scott's fleet actually surprised Gotō's fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Minutes earlier, at 23:43, the guard officers aboard Aoba had earlier spotted Scott's fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

However Gotō made a fatal mistake.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The ships of Scott's fleet identified him as Jojima's ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Two minutes later, the guard officers at Aoba recognized the ships they saw as enemy ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Despite having been alerted, Gotō still remained hesitant and ordered his ships to send out an identification signal.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

When the initial Aoba ship was carrying out Gotō's orders, the first salvo shot from the United States ship hit the upper buildings of Aoba which soon became the victim of 40 times cannon fire from Helena, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, Farenholt, and Laffey.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The explosion of the cannon bullets left Aoba's communications system heavily damaged.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

The two main cannon domes were destroyed as well as the main cannon sights.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Several large-caliber projectiles penetrated the Aoba command platform without exploding, but the impact power it caused killed many crewmen.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Gotō suffered severe injuries until later killed. [23]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott evidently still also wasn't convinced his ships were firing toward comrade or opposing ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:47, his men were ordered to cease fire.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott feared his ships were firing on destroyers from his own fleet.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

However, not all the men obeyed his command.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott ordered Farenholt to send out an identifying gesture.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

After seeing Farenholt was close to his formation, Scott at 23.51, gave orders to his men to restart fire. [24]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Still exposed to rugged fire, Aoba turned towards the starboard hull to get away from Scott's formation, and began to create a veil of smoke to trick Scott's ships that it was sinking.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Scott's fleet then turned fire to Furutaka who was behind Aoba.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:49, Furutaka's torpedo launcher tube hit, a huge fire burning to invite more cannon fire from Scott's ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At 23:58, a torpedo from Buchanan hit Furutaka in the forward engine room section, causing severe damage.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

At the same time, San Francisco and Boise spotted Fubuki roughly 1,300 m away, and rebelled him with cannon fire, overtaken by gunfire from Scott's other ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Fubuki was heavily damaged and soon sank.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Kinugasa and Hatsuyuki turned to the left hull instead of the right hull to escape from the United States ships. [25]


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

During the course of the gunfight, Farenholt was hit by several sniper shots from Japanese ships as well as comrade ships.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Several crew members were killed.


Question: When did the Battle of Cape Esperance happen?

Battle of Cape Esperance

Farenholt escaped by sailing cutting in front of San Francisco and passing a column of Scott's ships on the side of the ship that was not firing.