Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

In the United States, there are 75 million to 100 million visits to doctors per year with complaints of colds or colds and the estimated cost is $7.7 million per year.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

American residents spent $2.9 million on over-the-counter drugs.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

The American population is spending another $400 million on drugs under prescription just to alleviate the symptoms of colds. [76]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

More than a third of patients who check with a doctor receive prescriptions for antibiotics.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

The use of prescription antibiotics raises immune implications to antibiotics. [76]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Some 22 million to 189 million days are wasted annually due to colds.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

As a result, parents are absent from their work for 126 million working days in order for them to be home and care for their children.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

If added to the 150 million working days left by employees suffering from colds, the total economic impact of lost work time caused by colds surpasses $20 billion per year. [22] [76] This means 40% of total working time lost in the United States. [77]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Research Efficacy of a number of antiviral drugs have been tested to deal with colds.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Since 2009, no one has been proven effective nor licensed. [61]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Trials on the antiviral drug pleconaril are being conducted.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

The drug promises a solution to fight picornavirus.


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Another experiment is also being conducted, namely BTA-798. [78]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

The oral form of the drug pleconaril originally had problems with its safety, therefore studies were conducted into the form of the spray. [78]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Researchers from the University of Maryland, College Park and the University of Wisconsin—Madison have mapped the genome for all known strains of cold-causing viruses. [79]


Question: Is Krup disease curable?

Colds

Reference Advanced reading CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link) Outlinks at Curlie Category:Inflammation Category:Viral Diseases Category:Infectious Diseases


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai (in Arabic: دبي,) is one of seven emirates and the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

It is located along the southern coast of the Persian Gulf in the Arabian Peninsula.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The municipality of Dubai is sometimes called Dubai City to distinguish it from the emirate.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Written documents state the existence of this city for 150 years prior to the formation of the UAE.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai shares legal, political, military and economic powers with other emirates within federal circles, although each emirate has jurisdiction over some powers such as civil law enforcement and monitoring and renewal of local facilities.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has the largest population and is the second largest emirate by area, after Abu Dhabi. [5]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai and Abu Dhabi are the only two emirates to have veto power on critical matters of national interest within the country's Federal National Council. [6]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has been led by the Al Maktoum dynasty since 1833.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Its current leader, Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, also serves as Prime Minister and Vice President of the UAE.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The emirate's revenue comes from trade, real estate and financial services. [7]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Revenues from petroleum and natural gas accounted for less than 6% (2006) [8] Dubai's US$37 billion (2005) economy. [9]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Real estate and construction, accounted for 22.6% to the economy in 2005, before the large-scale construction season that lasts until now. [10]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has captured the world's attention through innovative real estate projects [11] and sports events.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

This increased attention, along with its importance as a world business hub, has also raised human rights issues regarding the involvement of many foreign workers. [12]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Etymology of the 1820s, Dubai was referred to as Al Wasl by British historians.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

But some records mentioning the cultural history of the UAE or its emirates arose because of the region's tradition of chronicling and bequeathing folklore and myths.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The linguistic origin of the word Dubai is also disputed, some believe it comes from Persian, while others consider Arabic to be the language root of this word.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

According to Fedel Handhal, a researcher of UAE history and culture, the word Dubai may be derived from the word Daba (a derivative of Yadub), meaning creeper; this word could have been a reference to the flow of Dubai Creek to the mainland. [13]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Very little history is known about pre-Islamic culture in the southeast of the Arabian peninsula, except for many ancient cities in the region that were centers of trade between the Eastern and Western worlds.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Remains from an ancient mangrove swamp, 7,000 years old, were discovered during the construction of an underground sewer path near Dubai Internet City.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The region was covered with sand about 5,000 years ago after the coastline retreated from the mainland, becoming part of the city's current coastline. [14]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Before Islam, people in this region worshipped Bajir (or Bajar). [15]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Byzantine Empire and Sassaniyah had great power in those days, with the Sassaniyah controlling most of the territory.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

After the spread of Islam there, the Umayyad Caliphate, from the eastern Islamic world, expanded its territory to southeastern Arabia and defeated the Sassaniyads.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Excavations conducted by the Dubai Museum in the Al-Jumayra (Jumeirah) region justify the existence of several artifacts from the Umayyad period. [16]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The first recorded designation of Dubai was in 1095, in the “Book of Geography” by the Andalusian-Arab geographer Abu Abdullah al-Bakri.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Venetian gem merchant Gaspero Balbi visited the region in 1580 and mentioned Dubai (Dibei) because of its jewel industry. [16]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Records documenting the city of Dubai appear after 1799. [17]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In the early 19th century, the Al Abu Falasa clan (Al-Falasi Dynasty) of the Bani Yas clan founded Dubai, which became part of Abu Dhabi until 1833. [18]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

On January 8, 1820, the sheikh of Dubai and other sheikhs in the area signed a “General Maritime Peace Treaty” with the British government. [14]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

But, in 1833, the Al Maktoum dynasty (also descendants of Al-Falasi Dynasty) of the Bani Yas tribe left the settlements of Abu Dhabi and took ailh Dubai from the Abu Falasa clan without a fight. [18]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai was under the protection of the United Kingdom by the “Exclusive Treaty” of 1892, agreeing to protect Dubai against any attack from the Ottoman Empire. [18]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Two disasters struck the city in the mid-1800s. First, in 1841, a smallpox epidemic appeared in the settlements of Bur Dubai, forcing the population to move east in Deira.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Later, in 1894, a fire broke out in Deira, scorching many houses. [19]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

But, the geographical location of the city continues to attract merchants and sellers from all over the region.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The emir of Dubai incessantly attracted foreign traders and lowered trade taxes, which attracted traders from Sharjah and Bandar Lengeh, which were major trading hubs in those days. [19] [20] Dubai's close geography to India made it an important location.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The city of Dubai was an important port of foreign merchants, particularly from India, many of whom settled in that city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai was known for its jewel exports until the 1930s. However, Dubai's jewel industry suffered the effects of World War I, and then the Great Depression of the 1920s. As a result, the city experienced a mass migration of residents to other parts of the Persian Gulf. [14]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Since its establishment, Dubai has been at loggerheads with Abu Dhabi.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 1947, a border dispute between Dubai and Abu Dhabi in the northern sector of its official border, turned into a war between the two emirates. [22]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Arbitration by Britain and the construction of a fence extending southeast from the coast at Ras Hassian resulted in a stoppage of gunfights. [23]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

However, border disputes between the two emirates continued even after the formation of the UAE; in 1979 a formal agreement was reached that ended the gunfights and border disputes between the two emirates. [24]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Electricity, telephone and airports were established in Dubai in the 1950s, when Britain moved its local administrative offices from Sharjah to Dubai. [25]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 1966 the city joined the newly independent state of Qatar to establish a new currency unit, the Qatar/Dubai Riyal, after the deflation of the Gulf rupee. [17]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Oil was discovered in Dubai the same year, after which the city granted concessions on international oil companies.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The discovery of the oil brought Dubai to an influx of foreign workers in large numbers, mainly from India and Pakistan.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

As a result, the city's population since 1968 to 1975 rose to 300%, by some estimates. [26]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

On December 2, 1971 Dubai, along with Abu Dhabi and five other emirates, formed the United Arab Emirates after the former British protector left the Persian Gulf in 1971. [27]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 1973, Dubai joined another emirate to use the single currency: the UAE Dirham.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In the 1970s, Dubai continued to grow from income earned from oil and trade, even after the city received input of Lebanese immigrants displaced from the civil war in Lebanon. [28]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Jebel Ali Free Zone, consisting of the port of Jebel Ali (said to be the largest artificial port in the world) was established in 1979, which provides unlimited import of laborers and export capital to foreign companies. [29]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The 1990 Persian Gulf War had a major impact on the city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Economically, banks in Dubai suffered considerable withdrawals due to uncertain political conditions in that region.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

During the 1990s, however, many foreign trading communities — first from Kuwait, during the Gulf War, and later from Bahrain, during the Shiite unrest — moved their businesses to Dubai. [20]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai provided refueling bases to allied forces in the Jebel Ali free zone during the Persian Gulf War, and again, during the 2003 Invasion of Iraq.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The huge increase in oil prices after the Persian Gulf War forced Dubai to continue to focus on free trade and tourism. [30]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The success of Jebel Ali's free zone allowed the city to use its model to build a collection of new free zones, such as Dubai Internet City, Dubai Media City and Dubai Maritime City.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The construction of the Burj Al Arab, the tallest freestanding hotel in the world, also the construction of new settlements, is also used to market Dubai in tourism.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Since 2002, the city experienced an increase in private real estate investment in reshaping Dubai's ceiling [30] with projects such as The Palm Islands, The World Islands and Burj Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

However, the strong economic growth in recent years is due to rising inflation values (11.2% in 2007 when calculated against the Consumer Price Index) combined as office rental prices and settlements doubled, resulting in an increase in substantial cost of living for its residents. [31]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The geography of Dubai is located on the coast of the Persian Gulf in the United Arab Emirates and lies 16 m above sea level.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Emirate of Dubai shares borders with Abu Dhabi to the south, Sharjah to the northeast, and the Sultanate of Oman to the southeast.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Hatta, a small exclave of the emirate, is surrounded on three sides by Oman and by the emirates of Ajman on the (west) and Ras Al Khaimah (on the north).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Persian Gulf borders the western coast of the emirate.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai is located at and covers a territory of 4.114km² (1,588mi²).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai is located directly in the Arabian Desert.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

However, Dubai's topography differs little from the southern part of the UAE where parts of Dubai's landscape are filled with sandy desert patterns, while oily deserts dominate much of the south of the country. [32]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The sand consists of crushed shells and corrals and is smooth, clean and white.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

East of the city, a saline coastal landmass, known as sabkha, gives way to a stretch of north-south sand dune.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Further east, sand dunes are getting larger and red as a result of iron oxide. [26]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

This flat sandy desert gives way to the Western Hajar Mountains, which run along Dubai's border with Oman at Hatta.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Western Hajar network has an arid, uneven and cluttered landscape, where the mountains reach 1,300 meters in some places.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has no natural water bodies or oases; instead, Dubai has a natural inlet, Dubai Creek, which is dug to make it deep enough for large ships to pass through.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai also has many canyons and waterholes that fill the base of the Western Al Hajar mountain range.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The vast sea of sand dunes covers much of the south of Dubai, which takes it upon a desert known as The Empty Quarter.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Seismically, Dubai is in a very stable zone — the nearest seismic fault path, the Zargos Fault, is located 120km from the UAE and is unlikely to make any impact on Dubai. [33]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Scientists also estimated that the likelihood of a tsunami in the region was small because the waters of the Persian Gulf were not deep enough to create a tsunami. [33]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The sandy desert surrounding the town supports weeds and date palm trees.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Desert hyacinths grow on sabkha plains east of the city, while acacia and ghad trees grow on flat plains near the Western Al Hajar mountains.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Some native trees such as date palm and neem are also imported trees such as eucalypts grow in Dubai national parks.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The houbara bustard, striped hyena, caracal, desert wolf, eagle and Arabian oryx are particularly common in the Dubai desert.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai is on a migratory path between Europe, Asia and Africa, and more than 320 migratory birds pass through the emirate in spring and autumn.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The waters off Dubai are home to more than 300 species of fish, including hammour.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai Creek runs east-southwest through the town.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The eastern part of the city forms the settlements of Deira and borders the emirate of Sharjah to the east and the town of Al Aweer to the south.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai International Airport is located across Deira, while Palm Deira is located north of Deira in the Persian Gulf.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Much of Dubai's real estate season is centred west of Dubai Creek, on the Jumeirah coastline.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Rashid Port, Jebel Ali, Burj Al Arab, Palm Jumeirah and a collection of themed free zones such as Business Bay are all located in the region.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Five major routes — E 11 (Sheikh Zayed Road), E 311 (Emirates Road), E 44 (Dubai-Hatta Highway), E 77 (Dubai-Al Habab Road) and E 66 (Oud Metha Road) — stretch through Dubai, connecting the city with other cities and emirates.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In addition, several important intercity routes, such as D 89 (Al Maktoum Road/Airport Road), D 85 (Baniyas Road), D 75 (Sheikh Rashid Road), D 73 (Al Dhiyafa Road), D 94 (Jumeirah Road) and D 92 (Al Khaleej/Al Wasl Road) connect various settlements in the city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The eastern and western parts of the city are connected by Al Maktoum Bridge, Al Garhoud Bridge, Al Shindagha Tunnel, Business Bay Crossing and Floating Bridge.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai's climate has a hot climate and, at some times, damp (dry during extreme heat) with many months recording temperatures above 40°C.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The highest temperature ever recorded in Dubai was 47.3°C.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Rainfall is very little, with an average of 150mm per year; rain is centered around January, February and March.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

However, heavy rains are not common in Dubai during winter months and January 2008 recorded a record 120mm (or 5") of rainfall in 24 hours, [34] Average humidity in Dubai is around 60% and higher during winter months.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The government and politics of the Government of Dubai operate within the scope of the constitutional monarchy, and have been led by the Al Maktoum family since 1833.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The current leader, Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, also serves as Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates and a member of the Supreme Council of the UAE (SCU).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai appoints 8 members in a two-term period to the Federal National Council (FNC) of the UAE, the highest federal legislative body. [35]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai Municipality (CM) was founded by the leader of Dubai, Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum in 1954 for urban planning, civic serviceand renewal of local facilities. [36]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The DM is chaired by Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum, deputy leader of Dubai and consists of several departments such as the Department of Roads, the Department of Planning and Survey, the Department of Environment and Public Health and the Ministry of Finance.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 2001, Dubai Municipality entered the e-Government project with the aim of providing 40 municipal services through its web portal (Dubai.ae).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Thirteen services were launched October 2001, while several other services were scheduled to operate in the future.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai and Ras al Khaimah are the only two emirates that do not follow the United Arab Emirates' federal judicial system.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The emirate's judicial court consists of the First Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Court of Cassation.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The First Court consists of a civil court, which hears all civil claims, the Criminal Court, which hears claims from police complaints, and the Sharia Court, which is responsible for matters between Muslims.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Non-Muslims don't get into Sharia Courts.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Court of Cassation is the emirate's supreme court and only hears disputes in law. [37]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai Police Force, established in 1956 in Naif settlements, has law enforcement jurisdiction in the emirate; power is under the direct command of Mohammed bin Rashid al Maktoum, the leader of Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai Municipality also served in the sanitation and infrastructure of the city's underground sewers.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The city's rapid growth caused the maintenance of the underground sewer infrastructure to be expanded to its limits. [38]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Article 25 of the UAE Constitution enumerates equal treatment of citizens regardless of race, nationality, creed or social status.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

But most of the 250,000 foreign laborers in Dubai live in conditions described by Human Rights Watch as “worse than human. “[39] [40] [41] [42] NPR reported that workers “lived eighths in one room, sending part of their paychecks to families, whom they did not visit for several years at a time.”


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

On March 21, 2006, workers at the Burj Dubai construction site, disillusioned by bus schedules and working conditions, rebelled: damaging cars, offices, computers, and construction tools. [43] [44] [45] Judicial regulations in Dubai covering foreign nationalities were sticking into the news when the accused attempt to cover up information of the rape of Alexandre Robert, a 15-year-old French-Swiss, by three local citizens, one of whom was HIV positive and the mass incarceration of migrant workers, mostly from India, due to their protests against less pay and living conditions. [46]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Prostitution, although illegal by law, arose in this emirate due to an economy based on tourism and trade.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Research conducted by the American Center for International Policy Studies (AMCIPS) found that Russian and Ethiopian women are the most common perpetrators of prostitution, as well as women from a number of African countries, while those from India are part of a cross-ocean prostitution network organized. [47]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

A 2007 PBS documentary entitled Dubai: Night Secrets reported that prostitution in clubs was allowed by the authorities and many foreign women worked there without being coerced, attracted by money. [48] [49] [50] Demographics According to a census conducted by the Statistics Center of Dubai, the population of the emirate reached 1,422,000 in 2006, consisting of 1,073,000 men and 349,000 women. [57]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 1998, 17% of the emirate's population constituted UAE nationality.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Approximately 85% of the expatriate population (and 71% of the emirate's total population) is Asian, made up of Indians (51%), Pakistanis (15%), Bangladeshis (10%) and others (10%). [4]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

About 3% of Dubai's population is categorized as a “Western Nation”.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

A quarter of the population comes from Iran. [58]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In addition, 16% of the population (or 288,000 inhabitants) settled in collective labour accommodation not identified according to tribalism or nationality, but considered to be Asian. [59]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The median age in the emirate was 27 years.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The number of abusive births in 2005, was 13.6%, while the average number of deaths was about 1%. [60]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Although Arabic is the official language of Dubai, Hindi, Malayalam, Urdu, Persian, Tagalog, Bengali and other languages are spoken in Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

English is the lingua franca of the city and is spoken widely.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Article 7 of the UAE Provisional Constitution establishes Islam as the official state religion of the UAE.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The government gives a 95 percent subsidy to mosques and employs all Imams; about 5 percent of mosques are privately owned, and some large mosques mostly come from private donations. [61]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has large communities of Hindus, Christians, Buddhists, Sikhs and other faiths.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Non-Muslim groups can have their own place of worship, where they can worship freely, by requesting land permits and building permits.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Groups that do not have their own buildings must use the facilities of religious organizations or other worship in private homes [62].


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Non-Muslim religious groups are allowed to publicly notify the objectives of the group; but proselytization or dissemination of religious literature is strictly prohibited under penalty of criminal suppression, detention, and deportation for doing anything contrary to Islam. [61]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Economic Dubai gross domestic product in 2005 reached US$37 billion. [9]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Although Dubai's economy is built against the backdrop of the oil industry, [63] revenues from oil and natural gas account for only less than 6% of the emirate's revenue. [8]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

It is estimated that Dubai produces 240,000 barrels of oil per day and a lot of gas from offshore drilling.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The emirate's revenue in UAE gas revenues only accounts for about 2%.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai's oil reserves have been drastically reduced and are expected to be empty in the coming 20 years. [64]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Real Estate and Construction (22.6%), [10] Trade (16%), entrepôt (15%) and financial services (11&) are the largest contributors to Dubai's economy. [65]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai's highest re-exporting countries include Iran (US$790 million), India (US$204 million) and Saudi Arabia (US$194 million).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The emirate's highest import countries are Japan (US$1.5 billion), China (US$1.4 billion) and the United States (US$1.4 billion). [7]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In a historical context, Dubai and its twin across Dubai Creek, Deira (an independent Dubai City at that time), became an important port for Western manufacturing.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Most banking and financial centers of the city are centered in the port area.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai maintained its importance as a trade route throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Dubai has free trade in gold and until the 1990s, was a hub for the “smuggling trade" [66] gold ingots to India, where gold imports were banned.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Jebel Ali Port in Dubai, built in the 1970s, is the largest artificial port in the world and ranks as the 8th largest in the world according to the volume of container traffic capable of storing [67].


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai is also growing as a hub for service industries such as IT and finance, with the establishment of industry-free zones across the city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai Internet City, alongside Dubai Media City as part of TECOM (Dubai Technology, Electronic Commerce and Media Free Zone Authority) is a single type of enclave where members include IT firms such as EMC Corporation, Oracle Corporation, Microsoft, and IBM, and media organizations such as MBC, CNN, BBC, Reuters and AP.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai Financial Market (DFM) was established March 2000 as a secondary market for trading stocks, local and foreign.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

At the fourth quarter of 2006, its trading volume stood above 400 billion shares, worth US$95 billion.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

DFM has a market capitalization of US$87 billion. [60]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The government's decision to be free from trade, but oil-dependent, service-oriented economy and tourism has made real estate more valuable, resulting in property appreciation in the period 2004-2006.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Long-term fixing, exposing property depreciation: certain properties lost 64% of their value since 2001 to November 2008. [68]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Large-scale real estate development projects have brought to the construction of a number of the world's tallest skyscrapers and largest projects such as Emirates Towers, Burj Dubai, Palm Islands and the world's tallest and most expensive hotel, Burj Al Arab. [69]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai International Airport Transport (IATA: DXB), a hub for Emirates Airline, serves Dubai and other emirates in the country.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The airport served 34 million passengers and 260,000 flights in 2007. [70]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai International Airport ranked 17th among other international airports according to cargo traffic in 2006. [71]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

A new third terminal and concourse opened October 2008, serving Emirates flights. [72]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The new terminal will be aimed at Emirates Airline and fully support the Airbus A380.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The construction of Dubai World Central International Airport, under construction in Jebel Ali, was announced in 2004.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The first phase is scheduled for completion in 2008, and after operating the new airport will serve foreign airlines.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Emirates (passenger and cargo flights) will but at Dubai International Airport. [73]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has a large bus system serving 69 routes and transporting about 90 million people as of 2006.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Road and Transport Authority (RTA) announced in 2006 that 620 new buses would be added to its fleet consisting of 170 double-decker buses. [74]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Although the main mode of transport in Dubai is via private vehicles, Dubai also has a large taxi system.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

A $3.89 billion Dubai Metro project is under construction in the emirate.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The metro system is scheduled to be operational by half of 2009 and fully operational in 2012.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Dubai Metro will consist of four lines: the Green Line from Al Rashidiya to the main city centre and the Red Line from the airport to Jebel Ali.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Also having blue and purple lines, Dubai Metro (Green and Blue Lines) will have 70 kilometres of rail and 43 stations, 33 above ground and ten underground. [75]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

One more traditional method of crossing Bur Dubai to Deira is via abra, a small boat that transports passengers across Dubai Creek, between the abra station at Bastakiya and Baniyas Road.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In July 2007, the Salik road toll network was installed at Sheikh Zayed Road and at Al Garhoud Bridge; toll stations will be fully automated and collect tolls as much as AED4) US$1.08) per vehicle.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai's culture has a diverse and multiethnic society. [4]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The original culture of the city as a small community of native jewel hunters was replaced with the arrival of other ethnic groups and peoples — first from Iran in the early 1900s, and then from India and Pakistan in the 1960s. Due to the differing population, few ethnic tensions, especially between expatriates, were reported to occur in that city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 1994, Hindu and Muslim laborers quarrelled over the destruction of the Babri Mosque in Ayodhya, India, which resulted in the detention and deportation of hundreds of Indian and Pakistani workers [76].


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Major holidays in Dubai include Eid, which signifies the end of Ramadan, and National Day (2 December), which signifies the establishment of the United Arab Emirates.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Annual entertainment celebrations such as Dubai Shopping Festival (DSF) and Dubai Summer Surprises (DSS) attract more than 4 million visitors from that region and earn profits past US$1 billion [77].


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The city's major shopping malls, such as Deira City Centre, BurJuman, Mall of the Emirates and Ibn Battuta Mall are also traditional souks attracting shoppers from that region.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The diversity of cuisine in Dubai is a reflection of a cosmopolitan society.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Arabic food is popular and available anywhere in the city, from small shawarma dining establishments in Deira and Al Karama to high-end restaurants in Dubai hotels.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Fast food, South Asian cuisine, Chinese cuisine are also very famous and widely available.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The sale and consumption of pork, although not illegal, is only marketed and sold on non-Muslims, in certain territories. [78]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

That kind, the sale of alcoholic beverages is watched.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

A liquor permit is required to purchase alcohol; however, alcohol is available in bars and restaurants in four- or five-star hotels. [79]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Shisha and qahwa cafes are also popular in Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Hollywood and Bollywood films are well known in Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The city holds the annual Dubai International Film Festival, which attracts celebrities from Arab and international cinema.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has an active musical act, with musicians Amr Diab, Diana Haddad, Tarkan, Aerosmith, Santana, Elton John, Pink, Shakira, Celine Dion and Phil Collins having held concerts in the it city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Kylie Minogue was paid 4.4 million dollars to stage the show at the opening of the Atlantis resort on November 20, 2008.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Dubai Desert Rock Festival is also another major festival involving heavy metal and rock artists.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Football and cricket are the most popular sports in Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Five teams — Al Wasl, Al-Shabab, Al-Ahli, Al Nasr and Hatta — represent Dubai in UAE League Football.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Al-Wasl's winning team has the second most number of wins in the UAE League, after Al Ain.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Cricket was followed by the South Asian community in Dubai and in 2005, the International Cricket Council (ICC) moved its headquarters from London to Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The city has held several India-Pakistan matches and two new grass pitches are under construction at Dubai Sports City.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai also holds the annual tennis tournament Dubai Tennis Championships and The Legends Rock Dubai, as well as the Dubai Desert Classic golf tournament, all attracting sports stars from around the world.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Dubai World Cup, a thoroughbred horse race, is held annually at Nad Al Sheba Racecourse.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai is known for its nightlife.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Clubs and bars are widely found in hotels due to liquor laws.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The New York Times listed Dubai as a travel option for partying in 2008. [80]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Education The school system in Dubai is no different from the United Arab Emirates.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 2006, there were 88 public schools run by the Minister of Education serving Emirati and Arab expatriates also 132 private schools. [57]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The primary language in public schools is Arabic with English as a second language, while most private schools use English as the primary language.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Many private schools cater to one or more expatriate communities.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Delhi Private School, Our Own English High School, Dubai Modern High School, and The Indian High School, Dubai offer CBSE and the ICSE Indian syllabus.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Similar to that, there are also several well-known Pakistani schools that offer FBISE curriculum for expatriate children.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai English Speaking School, Jumeirah Primary School, Jebel Ali Primary School, the Cambridge High School (or Cambridge International School), Jumeirah English Speaking School, King's School and Horizon School all provide British primary education up to the age of eleven.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai British School, Dubai College, English College Dubai, Jumeirah English Speaking School, Jumeirah College and St. Mary's Catholic High School are all eleven- to eighteen-year-old British secondary schools that provide GCSE and A-Level.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Emirates International School along with Cambridge High School provides full student education up to the age of 18, it is an international school and delivers IGCSE and A-Levels.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Wellington International School, which caters for children ranging in age from 4 to 18, delivers IGCSE and A-Levels.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Deira International School also offers IB programs, including the IGCSE programme.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Minister of Education of the United Arab Emirates is responsible for the accreditation of the school.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Dubai Education Council was formed July 2005 to develop the education sector in Dubai. [81]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA) was established in 2006 to develop the education and human resources sector in Dubai, and licenses educational institutions. [82]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

About 10% of the population has university and post-graduate degrees.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Many expats send their children back to their home countries or Western countries for university education and to India for technological learning.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

But, a large number of foreign-accredited universities have been established in the city over the past 10 years.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Some of these universities include Michigan State University Dubai (MSU Dubai), the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani - Dubai (BITS Pilani), Heriot-Watt University Dubai, American University in Dubai (AUD), American College of Dubai, Mahatma Gandhi University (Level Center Campus), SP Jain Center Of Management, University of Wollongong in Dubai, Institute of Management Technology and MAHE Manipal.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 2004, the Dubai School of Government together with John F. Kennedy School of Government and Harvard University's Harvard Medical School (HMSDC) was established in Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

RIT Dubai is a satellite campus of the Rochester Institute of Technology in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Plans for the college, whose akana was built in Dubai Silicon Oasis, were announced December 5, 2007.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The college is scheduled to open Fall 2008.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 2009, it was planned that there would be a full-time graduate program, and as of 2010, a full-time student program.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In 2019, RIT plans to expand the campus to 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m²), accepting approximately 4,000 students.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Media Dubai has a network of print, radio, television and electronic media serving the city.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Many international channels are available via cable, while satellite, radio and local channels are provided through the Arabian Radio Network and Dubai Media Incorporated systems.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Various international news companies such as Reuters, APTN, Bloomberg and MBC also network news channels operating out of Dubai Media City and Dubai Internet City.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In addition, several local television network channels such as Dubai One (formerly Channel 33), EDTV and Dubai TV provide programs in English and Arabic.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

FM stations in Dubai such as Dubai FM (93.9), Dubai92 (92.0), Al Khaleejia (100.9) and Hit FM (96.7) provide programs in English, Arabic and South Asian languages.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai is also the headquarters for several print media companies.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Al Khaleej, Al Bayan and Al Ittihad are Arabic-language newspapers with the largest circulation in the city [83], while Gulf News and Khaleej Times [84] are the largest circulating English-language newspapers.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Etisalat, a government-owned telecommunications provider, ran a virtual monopoly on communications services in Dubai before the 2006 emergence of other, smaller telecommunications companies such as Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company (EITC — better known as Du).


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Internet was introduced in the UAE (and formerly Dubai) in 1995.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The latest network is powered by 6GB of bandwidth, with 50,000 dialup ports and 150,000 broadband.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai houses two of the four DNS data centers in the country (DXBNIC1, DXBNIC2) [85].


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The contents of the internet are watched in Dubai.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Etisalat uses proxy servers to filter internet contents deemed incompatible with the values that this country applies, which provides information regarding cutting proxies, dating networks, gays and lesbians, sites that refer to Baha'i beliefs, and those from Israel.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

In addition, VoIP services such as Skype that challenge Etisalat's monopoly in international transportation as well as multimedia sharing sites and social networks such as Flickr, Lastfm, Hi5 and Orkut are blocked. [86] [87] Emirates Media and Internet (a division of Etisalat) noted in 2002 that, 76% internet users are men.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

About 60% of users constitute Asian nations, while 25% are Arabs.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai issued the Electronic Transactions and Commerce Act of 2002 covering digital signatures and electronic registration.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

This law prohibits Internet Service Providers (ISPs) from shutting down information collected at service provider companies.


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

The penal code also contains some statements; but, it does not mention cyber crime or data guarding. [88]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Dubai has some made up of 26-television stations such as: Dubai twin cities have 15 twin cities, and most twin city agreements have been done before 2002. [89]


Question: What are the biggest advantages of Emaar Properties?

Dubai

Footnotes Outside links - Government of Dubai - Dubai Municipality - Dubai Photo Gallery 2007 Coordinates: Category:Persian Gulf Category:Seaside settlements Category:Cities and villages in United Arab Emirates


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

An imaginary number (English: imaginary number) is a number that has the property i 2 = −1.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

This number is usually a subset of complex numbers.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

By definition, this (part) imaginary number i {\ displaystyle i} is obtained from the completion of quadratic equations: x 2 + 1 = 0 {\ displaystyle x^ {2} +1=0\} or equivalently x 2 = −1 {\ displaystyle x^ {2} =-1\} or also often written as x = − 1 {\ displaystyle x= {\ sqrt {-1}}}.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

These imaginary and/or complex numbers are often used in electrical engineering and electronics to describe the properties of AC current (alternating current electricity) or to analyze physical waves that radiate in the direction of the x-axis following: e i (k x − ω t) = e j (ω t − k x) {\ displaystyle e^ {i (kx-\ omega t)} =e^ {j (\ omega t-kx)}\,}), with j=−i.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

Geometry interpretation In geometry, imaginary numbers are denoted as points on the vertical axis on the plane of complex numbers, described perpendicularly to the axis of the real numbers.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

One way to look at imaginary numbers is to imagine a line of numbers, incrementing positively to the right and incrementing negatively to the left, then at zero point “O” a line that can be viewed as an x-axis, a y-axis can be described as a a perpendicular line that increments “positive” (an imaginary number increments positive) towards the top, and increments negative (similarly to imaginary numbers) towards the bottom.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

This vertical axis is often called the “imaginary number axis” and is denoted by i</i>, I {\ displaystyle\ scriptstyle\ mathbb {I}}, or.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

In this representation, multiplication with—1 relates to a rotation of 180 degrees around the zero point. Multiplication by i relates to a 90 degree rotation in the “positive” direction (i.e., counterclockwise), and the equation i2 = −1 is interpreted as a statement that if applied two 90 degree rotations around the zero point, then the end result is a single rotation of 180 degrees.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

The concern that a 90 degree rotation in the “negative” direction (i.e., clockwise) also satisfies this interpretation.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

This reflects the fact that −i also solves the equation x2 = −1.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

Generally, multiplication by a complex number is equal to rotation around the zero point by the complex number argument, followed by its large-scale change.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

Quadratic root multiplication The multiplication of the square root of a negative number needs special attention.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

For example, [1] the following thinking is false: − 1 = i 2 = − 1 = (− 1) (− 1) = 1 {\ displaystyle -1=i^ {2} = {\ sqrt {-1}} {\ sqrt {-1}} = {\ sqrt {(-1) (-1)}} = {\ sqrt {1} =1} Fallacy (cy) created is the use of the rule √x√y = √xy, where the principle value of the root squares are computed each time, in fact only valid if x and y are duly bounded. [note 1] It is impossible to develop the definition of the value of the square root principle on all complex numbers by means of the usual multiplication rule.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

Thus √−1 in this context should be considered “meaningless”, or as a double-valued expression with possible values i and −i.


Question: are imaginary numbers?

Imaginary numbers

See also Original number Integer number Complex number Real number Rational number Irrational number Prime number Composite number Fractional Imaginary Reference Note


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Katholieke Kweekschool is a Teachers' School founded by Katholiek Church, with the intention to cater to Katholiek religious teachers.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In 1911 as an answer to the Ethical Politics of the Dutch East Indies (1901), it was established a school of prospective priests in Muntilan to meet the need for Catholic religious activities in Indonesia.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Dutch Age (1911—1941) a.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Priest candidate education course at Xaverius Muntilan College (1911-1926) (1) Mertoyudan Secondary Seminary has taken a long historical journey.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The beginning of its foundation cannot be released from two indigenous young men from Kweekschool in Muntilan who desire to become priests.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The young man's names were Petrus Darmaseputra and Francis Xaverius Satiman.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In November 1911 they faced Romo F. van Lith SJ and Romo Y. Mertens SJ, and please be allowed to study to prepare to become priests.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The intention of the two young men and the need for priests in Indonesia prompted the emergence of the idea of organizing education for aspiring priests.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

To that end, the licensing process from Rome was immediately taken care of.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

On 30 May 1912, there was an official permit from Rome to start an educational institution of prospective priests in Indonesia.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Later, educational courses of prospective priests were organized at the College of Xaverius Muntilan.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(2) Between 1916-1920, there were already ten Muntilan students sent to the Latin school organized by paters of the Order of the Holy Cross in Uden, Europe.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Because two students died there and another was impaired by his health, it was taken discretion to organize such education in Indonesia.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Courses in Muntilan were refined.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(3) On September 7, 1922, two seminarians became the first novis at the newly opened novitiate of the Society of Jesus in Yogyakarta with the Rector and the leader of the novitiate, namely Romo Strater SJ. b. Minor Seminary (Klein Seminarie).


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

His building was built west of Santo Ignasius College, Yogyakarta on 19 December 1927, and blessed by Mgr. Anton Pieter Franz van Velsen SJ.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Courses are held for those newly graduated from Hollands Inlandse School (HIS) and Europese Lagere School (ELS).


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(2) Meanwhile, courses in Muntilan for those who had obtained a teacher's diploma remained in progress, and only in 1927 were merged with the Minor Seminary in Yogyakarta.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(3) In 1941, as the number of Minor Seminary students in Yogyakarta increased to over a hundred students, the Seminary was moved to Mertoyudan.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The first lessons began on January 13, 1941.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(4) Two other events that would be worthy of note here are: (a) On August 15, 1936, St. Paul's High Seminary was founded in Muntilan by the Apostolic Vikarist of Batavia, Mgr. Peter Johannes Willekens SJ, with five first students as prospective priests.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Six years later, namely on July 28, 1942, four of the five students were ordained to become the first praja priests.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(b) On 1 August 1940, the Apostolic Vikariate of Semarang was established with the vicariate Apostolic Romo Albertus Soegijapranata SJ, the first native Indonesian bishop appointed by Pope Pius XII.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Japanese Age - Seminary “in diaspora” (1942—1945) a.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

On 8 March 1942 the Dutch East Indies army surrendered to the Japanese.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Greater Asia was under Japanese rule.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

All schools using Dutch were closed.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The Mertoyudan Seminary Building was occupied by Japan, and was used for the Nogako Agricultural School.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

b.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

On April 5, 1942, the seminarians were forced to go home to each other's.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

However, the education of prospective priests remains held in various pastors: Boro, Yogyakarta, Ganjuran, Muntilan, Girisonta, Ungaran, Semarang, and Solo.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In these places, lessons are given secretly.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

During this difficult time, the Seminary was prevalent called the Seminary “in diaspora”.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

This situation lasted until 1945.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Zaman Indonesia Merdeka (1945 - present...)


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

a.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The period of struggle (1945 - 1949) (1) In 1945, Japan suffered defeat against the Allies.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The Indonesian nation took that opportunity to proclaim its independence.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In that year, the Mertoyudan Seminary building was occupied by the People's Security Army (TKR).


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In 1946, 49 seminarians scattered in various places were collected in the compound of the Ambarawa Teachers' School.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

They were nurtured by Romo C. Soetapanitra SJ (priest who entered Minor Seminary in 1927).


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In September 1947, Ambarawa became a palagan terrain (Clash I); therefore part of the seminarians were transferred to Ganjuran.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

There, they were nurtured by Romo J. Darmojuwono Pr. Some of the others were transferred to Muntilan in October 1947, and were nurtured by Romo Th. van der Putten SJ.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Since July 21, 1948, the seminarians in Ganjuran were moved to Muntilan, and nurtured by Romo Th. van der Putten SJ and Romo R. Sandjaja Pr. The presence of the mission work in Muntilan and the return of the Seminary to Muntilan caused a feeling of dislike in Hisbullah's army towards the Catholic side.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(2) From June 17, 1946 to December 18, 1948, during the time of the physical revolution or war of independence, the Mertoyudan Seminary building was used for the educational premises of the Indonesian Police.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(3) On 19 December 1948 Yogyakarta was occupied by the Dutch (Clash II).


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

After the people of government resigned from Muntilan, on 20 December 1948, the Bruderan FIC buildings were grounded so as not to fall into Dutch hands.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Seminary Muntilan was about to be burned by Hisbullah troops, but was rescued by Romo Th. van der Putten SJ who at that time became Rector.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In fact, he managed to obtain an official letter from the Indonesian Government stating that the Seminary should not be burned.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

However, amidst the effort of Romo van der Putten, a very sad event occurred.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Romo R. Sandjaja Pr. and Frater Bouwens SJ were killed by the warrior Hisbullah on December 20, 1948.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In this chaotic situation, Seminary residents were forced to evacuate to the village of Shaman for two days.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(4) After returning from the evacuation at Shaman, the Seminary residents found their building in Muntilan in a state of severe disrepair.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Furniture and equipment have been exhaustible.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Therefore, in a short time, in early January 1949, Romo van der Putten SJ moved the Seminary to Jalan Code Yogyakarta.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

b.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The construction period (1949-1952) During the struggle, the Mertoyudan Seminary building was ground, while the remains of the building became the loot of many people.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

After the situation calmed down, the Seminary was rebuilt by Vikariat Semarang.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Finally, in August 1952, the construction was completed.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The building is now part of Domus Patrum and Medan Madya.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

c.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

The development period of Mertoyudan Seminary (1952 - present) (1) After the construction was completed, during the holidays, the seminarians moved to Mertoyudan.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

On December 3, 1952, the Mertoyudan Seminary building was blessed by Mgr. Albertus Soegijapranata SJ.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

An additional building was built five years later; used seminarians Medan Utama and Medan Pratama.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Since then, more and more, elementary school students are admitted to Mertoyudan Seminary.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(2) Based on various considerations, starting in 1968, elementary school students are not accepted anymore, and only the students are accepted by SLTP and SLTA.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(3) In 1971, students of the Seminary graduates from SLTA took up residence in Yogyakarta, and attended college at IKIP Sanata Dharma until completing their baccalaureate education.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Later, in 1972, students completed SLTA were accommodated at Mertoyudan Seminary.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

For various reasons, in 1974, the Seminary branch was established in Yogyakarta located in Wisma Realino to accommodate students completed by SLTA.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Meanwhile, in Mertoyudan, the addition of the building was implemented.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In 1976, the building was inaugurated, and began to be inhabited by seminarians of Medan Utama.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

In that year, Yogyakarta branch Seminary was merged again with Mertoyudan Seminary until now.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

(4) Starting April 27, 1987, one library unit (two floors) was built to support coaching and education at Mertoyudan Seminary.


Question: When did the first Katholieke Kweekschool open?

Katholieke KweekSchool

Category:Schools in Indonesia Category:Schools in the Dutch Colonial Period Category:History of Indonesia


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The Middle East is a region that is politically, and culturally part of the Asian, or African-Eurasian, continent.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The center of the region is the land between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf as well as the region extending from Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula and the Sinai Peninsula.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Sometimes also mentioned the area includes areas from North Africa to the west to Pakistan on the east, and the Caucasus and/or Central Asia to the north.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The media, and some international organizations (such as the United Nations) generally consider the Middle East region to be the region of Southwest Asia (including Cyprus and Iran) coupled with Egypt.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The region includes several tribal groups, and cultures include Iranian tribes, Arabs, Greek tribes, Jews, Berber tribes, Assyrians, Kurds, and Turkic tribes.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The main languages are: Persian, Arabic, Hebrew, Assyrian language, Kurdish language and Turkish language.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Most western literature defines the Middle East as countries in Southwest Asia, from Iran (Persia) to Egypt.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Egypt with its Sinian peninsula being in Asia is generally considered part of the Middle East, although most of the country's territory is geographically in North Africa.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Since the mid-20th century, the Middle East has been at the center of world events, and a highly sensitive region, both in terms of strategic location, political, economic, cultural, and religious.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The Middle East has vast reserves of crude oil, and is the birthplace, and spiritual center of Islam, Christianity, Jews.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The boundary of the term 'Middle East' leads to a cultural region, so it does not have a certain limit.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

In outline, the Middle East is bounded by the country of Iran in the eastern part, Turkey in the northern part, and Egypt in the western part.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The opposite of what was brought about by the media of the time, not all countries in the Middle East were dominated by Arabs who were Muslim, and the presence of Arabic was not a pointer that the country was part of the Middle East.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

In fact, only 12 of the 16 countries included in the general definition of the region are predominantly Arabic-speaking, while 8 countries generally considered part of the Arab World fall outside the definition of the general region of the Middle East.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

A commonly used definition is a region consisting of: Bahrain Iran Israel Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar (only recognized by one country in the world) The broader definition includes several countries in West, East and North Africa and South Asia and Central Asia which are incorporated purely because of political matters, namely according to the definition put forward by the administration of President of the United States George W. Bush who classifies the “Greater Middle East” as the entire country in the Middle East and surrounding areas that adhere to Islam: Armenia Azerbaijan Djibouti Georgia Kazakhstan Libya Mauritania Pakistan (recognized only by a portion of the countries of the world) Somalia Somaliland Sudan Tajikistan Tunisia Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Erocentrism Some have criticized the term 'Middle East' due to Erocentrism.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The region is located in the east of western Europe.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

For India, the region lies to the west; for Russia it lies to the south.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

The use of the word 'Middle' has also caused confusion for some.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Before World War I, 'Near East' used Britain to point to the Balkans area and the Ottoman Kingdom, while the 'Middle East' for Persia, Afghanistan, and Central Asia, Turkey, and the Caucasus.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Whereas 'Far East' points to 'East Asia' countries, such as China, Japan, Hong Kong, and others With the loss of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, 'Near East' was almost lost in common usage, whereas 'Middle East' was used to point to Islamic countries.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

But the use of 'Near East' remains in use by some academy disciplines, including archaeology and ancient history.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Criticism of Erocentrism also relates to the fact that East, and West are defined in conjunction with latitude relative to the Main Meridian or Greenwich Meridian.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

This is due to Britain's widely accepted cartographic standards in 1884 in the International Meridian Conference.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

See also East Near East North Central Timor, districts in South Central Timor, regency in Indonesia Transclusion error outer link: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

- Council on Foreign Relations Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How wide is the Middle East?

Middle East

- University of Chicago Library


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) called Türkiye (Turkish: Türkiye) is a large country in the Eurasian region.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Its territory sprawls from the Anatolian Peninsula in Southwest Asia and the Balkan regions of Southeastern Europe.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey borders the Black Sea to the north; Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece and the Aegean Sea to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast; and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Sea of Marmara which is part of Turkey is used to mark the boundary of European and Asian territory, so Turkey is known as a transcontinental country.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turks began migrating to the Turkish-named area in the 11th century.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

This migration process was further accelerated after the Seljuk victory against the Byzantine Empire at the battle of Manzikert.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Several Beylik (Turkish Emirate) and the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm ruled Anatolia until with the invasion of the Mongol Empire.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Starting in the 13th century, the Ottoman beylik-beylik united Anatolia and formed an empire whose areas encroached on much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

After the Ottoman Empire collapsed after losing World War I, part of its territory was occupied by the Allies who won World War I. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk then organized a resistance movement against the Allies.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1923, this resistance movement succeeded in establishing the Modern Turkish Republic with Atatürk serving as its first president.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey's capital is in Ankara but the largest city in the country is Istanbul.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Due to its strategic location on a cross of two continents, Turkish culture is a unique mixture of Eastern and Western cultures often introduced as a bridge between two civilizations.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

With a strong region from the Adriatic to China on the land line between Russia and India, Turkey has gained a growing strategic importance.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey is a democratic, secular, united constitutional republic.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey has gradually joined the West while at the same time establishing relations with the Eastern world.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The country is one of the founding members of the United Nations [1], the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), [2] the OECD, [3] and the OSCE, [4] as well as a member state of the Council of Europe since 1949, [5] and NATO since 1952. [6]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Since 2005, Turkey is the only first Islamic state to confer with the European Union, having been a member of the coalition since 1963. [7]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey is also a member of the G20 industrialized nation that brings together 20pc of the world's largest economies.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The etymology of Turkish Names or Türkiye in Turkish consists of two components, namely: the ethnonym Türk and the abstract suffix —iye meaning “owner”, “land” (derived from the suffix in Arabic —iyya which is similar to the suffix —ia in Greek and Latin).


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Early records of the term “Türk” or “Türük” as an autonym are contained in Orkhon writings by the Göktürk (Samawi Turks) of Central Asia (c. 8th century AD).


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Tu—kin was made evidence as early as 177 BC as the name of giving the Chinese nation to the inhabitants of the southern region of the Altai Mountains in Central Asia.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Indonesian name “Turki” comes from Middle Latin iaitu Turchia (c. 1369).


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The name is closely related to Tourkia in Greek, which was originally used by the Byzantines to call Hungary in medieval times (because the Hungarians and Turks had a common ancestor) but later they began to use this name to name the region of the result Seljuk conquers in Anatolia, hundreds of years after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The history of prehistoric Anatolia and Eastern Trakia of the Anatolian Peninsula is one of the oldest populated regions in the world.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Various ancient Anatolian populations settled in Anatolia, beginning in the Neolithic period until conquered by Alexander the Great. [8]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The language spoken is Anatolian, a language branch of the Indo-European language family. [9]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In fact, researchers have proposed Anatolia as the center of the hypothesis, where Indo-European languages spread. [10]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The part of the Turkish region in Europe is called Eastern Trakia.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The region has been unpopulated since four thousand years ago, and entered the Neolithic period around 6000 BC with its inhabitants beginning to grow. [11]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Göbekli Tepe is a site known as the oldest sanctuary structure made by humans around 10,000 BC, [12] while Çatalhöyük which were Neolithic and Kalcoliticum settlements in southern Anatolia, around 7500 BC to 5700 BC.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

As of July 2012, both sites are on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list. [13]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Settlement in Troya began in the Neolithic Age and continued until the Iron Age.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The earliest recorded inhabitants of Anatolia are the Hatti Nation and the Huri Nation, non-Indo-European peoples that inhabited central and eastern Anatolia, respectively as early as 2300 BC.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Hittites came to Anatolia in 2000-1700 BC.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The first major kingdoms in the area were established by the Hittites, from the eighteenth to the 13th century BC.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Assyrians conquered the southeastern part of Turkey and settled there in early 1950 BC until 612 BC. [14] [15] After the collapse of the Hittite kingdom in 1180 BC, the Phrygian Kingdom ruled in Anatolia until their kingdom was destroyed by the Kimmeri Tribe in the 7th century BC. [16]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Antiquity and Byzantine Period Around 1200 BC, the coast of Anatolia was overrun by the Aiolia tribe and a Greek Ionian tribe.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Many important cities were founded, such as Miletos, Ephesos, Smirna, and Byzantines, and the last to be founded was Megara in 657 BC.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The first state called Armenia by other regions was the Orontid dynasty state of Armenia, which included parts of eastern Turkey beginning in the 6th century BC.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In southwestern Turkey, the most influential tribal group in Trakia was the Odyrisian tribe, founded by Teres I. [17] Anatolia was conquered by the Akhemeniyah Empire from Persia during the 6th and 5th centuries BC then later fell into the hands of Aleksander the Great in 334 BC, [18] which led to increasing cultural homogeneity and Hellenization in the region. [8]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

After Aleksander's death in 323 BC, Anatolia was then divided into several Hellenistic kingdoms, all of which became part of the Roman Republic by the mid-1st century BC. [19]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The process of Hellenization that began with Aleksander's conquest accelerated while under Roman rule, so that by the early century AD the Anatolian language and local culture had become extinct replaced by Greek. [20] [21] In 324, Constantine I chose Byzantine to be the new capital city The Roman Empire, later transformed into New Rome.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

After the death of Theodosius I in 395 and the permanent division of the Roman Empire between his two sons, Constantinople became the capital of the Byzantine Empire, which would rule most of the territory of Turkey until the Late Middle Ages. [22]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Seljuk and Ottoman Sultanate of the Seljuk Dynasty were a branch of the Kinik Oğuz Turks who lived in the Khagan Yabghu region of the Oğuz communion, north of the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea, in the 9th century. [23]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In the 10th century, the Seljuk people began migrating from their ancestral homeland to Persia, which became the beginning of the Greater Seljuk Sultanate.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In the second half of the 11th century, the Seljuks began to penetrate into the eastern regions of Anatolia.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1071, the Seljuk Turk defeated the Byzantines in the Battle of Manzikert, as well as the start of Turkification in the region, the Turkic language and Islam introduced to Anatolia gradually spread and the slow transition from Christian-dominated and Greek-speaking Anatolia became predominantly Muslim and Turkic-speaking which continues to take place. [24]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1243, the Seljuk army was defeated by the Mongols, causing the power of the Seljuk Dynasty to slowly disintegrate.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

One of the beyliks ruled by Osman I for the next 200 years would develop it into the Ottoman Sultanate, as well as expand territory throughout Anatolia, the Balkans, the Levant and North Africa. [25]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1453, the Ottoman Empire conquered the Byzantine Empire by taking control of its capital city, Constantinople.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1514, Sultan Selim I (1512—1520) succeeded in expanding the southern and eastern border regions by defeating Shah Ismail I of the Safawiyah dynasty in the Battle of Chaldiran.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1517, Selim I expanded Ottoman rule into Algeria and Egypt, and created a navy in the Red Sea.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Subsequently, rivalry began between the Ottoman side and the Portuguese kingdom to become the dominant sea power in the Indian Ocean, with various naval battles in the Red Sea, Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Portuguese presence in the Indian Ocean was considered a threat to the Ottoman monopoly over the ancient trade route between East Asia and Western Europe (known as Jalan Sutera).


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

This monopoly was further disrupted following the discovery of the Cape of Good Hope by Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias in 1488, which had a considerable impact on the economy of the Ottomans.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Ottoman Sultanate's power and prestige reached its peak in the 16th and 17th centuries, particularly during the reign of Suleiman I. The sultanate often fought with the Holy Roman Empire. [26]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

At sea, the Ottoman Navy feuded with several Holy Leagues (back then comprising the Spanish Habsburgs, the Republic of Genoa, the Republic of Venice, the Knights of St. John, the Papal States, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Duchy of Savoy) to control it from the Mediterranean Sea.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In the east, the Ottomans were at times at war with the Persian Safawiyah side over conflicts arising from territorial disputes or religious differences between the 16th and 18th centuries. [27]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Beginning in the early 19th century onwards, the Ottoman Sultanate began to weaken.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Like the region, military power and declining wealth, even many Balkan Muslims migrated to the heart of the Empire in Anatolia, [28] [29] along with the Circassian nation fleeing the Russian conquest of the Caucasus.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The weakening of the Ottoman Sultanate led to increased nationalist sentiment among the populace leading to increased ethnic tensions that sometimes turned violent, such as the ethnic Hamid massacres.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Ottoman Sultanate entered World War I on the side of the Central Bloc and eventually lost.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

During the war, an estimated 1,500,000 [30] [31] [32] [33] Armenian citizens were deported and killed as the Armenian Genocide took place. [34] [35] The Turkish government denies that there was an Armenian Genocide and claims that Armenia was simply displaced from the eastern war zone. [36]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Massive massacres were also committed against other minority groups such as the Greeks and the Assyrians. [37] [38] [39] After the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, the Allied Bloc victory attempted to divide the Ottoman region through the Sèvres Approval in 1920 . [25]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkish Republic Occupation of Constantinople and Smyrna by the Allies in the time after World War I prompted the formation of the Turkish National Movement. [40]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, a military commander who had distinguished himself during the Battle of Gallipoli, the Turkish War of Independence was waged with the aim of repealing the provisions of the Sèvres Consent. [41]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

On 18 September 1922, the occupying army was defeated, and the Turkish regime based in Ankara, which declared itself the legitimate government in April 1920, began to formalize the legal transition from the old Ottomans to the new Republican political system.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

On 1 November, the new parliament was established and formally abolished the Sultanate system, thus ending 623 years of Ottoman rule.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Treaty of Lausanne of 24 July 1923 received international recognition of the sovereignty of the newly formed “Republic of Turkey” state as the successor state of the Ottoman Sultanate, and was officially declared on 29 October 1923 in Ankara, the capital of the new Turkey. [40]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Treaty of Lausanne established a population exchange between Greece and Turkey, in which 1.1 million Greeks left Turkey for Greece and 380,000 Muslims were transferred from Greece to Turkey. [42]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Mustafa Kemal became the first President and then undertook many radical reforms with the aim of transforming the Ottoman-Turkish state into a new secular republic. [43]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

With the Nickname Law of 1934, the Turkish Parliament granted the title Atatürk (Father of the Turkish Nation) to Mustafa Kemal. [41]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey remained neutral during World War II, but entered at the time of the end of the war on the Allied side on 23 February 1945.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

On 26 June 1945, Turkey became a charter member of the United Nations. [1]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

After the war, Greece faced difficulties in overcoming a communist insurgency, along with demands for the Soviet Union to establish military bases in the Turkish Straits.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

That prompted the United States to declare the Truman Doctrine in 1947, to ensure the security of Turkey and Greece. [44]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Greece and Turkey were incorporated in the Marshall Plan and the OEEC to rebuild the European economy in 1948, and later became founding members of the OECD in 1961.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

After taking part with United Nations forces in the Korean War, Turkey joined NATO in 1952, and became a bulwark against Soviet expansion into the Mediterranean.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

After a decade of Cypriot intercommunity violence and a coup in Cyprus on 15 July 1974 carried out paramilitary organization EOKA B, to overthrow President Makarios III and implement pro-Enosis (union with Greece) with Nikos Sampson as dictator, Turkey invaded Cyprus on dated July 20, 1974. [45]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Nine years later, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, recognized only by Turkey, was established. [46]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The period of the one-party system ended in 1945.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

This was followed by a transition to multiparty democracy over the coming decades, which was interrupted by military coups in 1960, 1971, 1980 and 1997. [47]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 1984, the Kurdish separatist group (PKK) began a campaign of resistance against the Turkish government, which to date has claimed more than 40,000 lives. [48]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

However, the peace process is ongoing. [49] [50] Since the liberalization of the Turkish economy during 1980, the country has experienced strong economic growth and political stability. [51]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

In 2013, a number of protests occurred in many provinces of Turkey, sparked by plans to destroy Taksim Gezi Park. [52]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The provinces of Turkey are divided into 81 provinces: Political Turkey is a parliamentary representative democracy.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Since its establishment as a republic in 1923, Turkey has developed a strong tradition of secularism. [53]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Turkish Constitution governs the legal framework of the country.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

It establishes the main principles of government and establishes Turkey as a unitary centralized state.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The President of the Republic is the head of state and has a ceremonial role.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The president is elected to a five-year term by direct election and Tayyip Erdoğan is the first president elected through direct voting.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers who form the government, while the legislative power is vested by the unicameral parliament, the National Grand Assembly of Turkey.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The judiciary is independent of the executive and legislature, and the Constitutional Court is charged with ruling on the conformity of laws and decisions with the constitution


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Council of State is the court of last for administrative cases, and the High Court of Appeal for other cases. [54]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The prime minister is elected by parliament through a motion of confidence in the government and is most often the head of the party that has the most seats in parliament.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The present prime minister is Binali Yıldırım, who replaced Ahmet Davutoğlu on 24 May 2016.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Universal suffrage for both sexes has been applied throughout Turkey since 1933, and any Turkish citizen who has turned 18 has the right to vote.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

There are 550 MPs elected to four-year terms by the proportional list-party system from 85 electoral districts.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Constitutional Court may stop public financing of political parties deemed anti-secular or separatist, or ban their existence altogether. [55] [56] The electoral threshold is 10 percent of the vote. [57]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Supporters of Atatürk's reforms called Kemalists, as distinguished from Islamists, representing two extremes on a continuum of beliefs about the proper role of religion in public life. [58]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The Kemalist position generally combined a kind of democracy with a laic constitution and a westernized secular lifestyle, while supporting state intervention in the economy, education, and other public services. [58]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Since 1980, the rise in income inequality and class disparity has spawned Islamic populism, a movement that in theory espouses obligations to authority, communal solidarity and social justice, although what follows in practice is often debated. [58]


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The geography of Turkey is a transcontinental country.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

The territory of Turkey which belongs to Asia covers 97 percent of the country, the region is separated from European Turkey by the Bosporus Strait, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanella Strait.


Question: where is Turkey?

Turkish

Turkey's European region made up 3 percent of the country.