Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Your Father and I anxiously seek Thee.”


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

He said to them, Why are you looking for me?


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Don't you know that I must be in my Father's house?”


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

But they did not understand what He said to them.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

And he went home with them to Nazareth; and he lived in their care.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

And Jesus grew bigger and increasing His wisdom and His greatness, and more loved by God and man.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

His mother (Mary) kept all these things in her heart.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

(Luke 2:51) Note: As a good historicist, Luke lists the sources of the information he obtained.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

The series of Jesus' birth and childhood stories that Luke records in his gospel are sourced from Mary, the mother of Jesus.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Outside the Bible accounts of Herod the Great's reign and character have had quite a number of historical records, namely the son of an Idumea or tribe of the people of Edom, as king in the Provinces of Iudaea, Samaria and Galilee upon the permission of the Emperor August. [10]


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

The story of his cruelty in the Gospel of Matthew in killing babies in Bethlehem corresponds to his conduct to maintain his power.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Historian Flavius Jocefus wrote that Herod “never stopped daily avenging and punishing whom he considered enemies. “[11]


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Jocefus records that Herod killed his own sons and wife, on suspicion of being about to overthrow his throne.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

A first-century Jewish apocryphal book “Assumption of Moses” records one prophecy: A savage king would replace the priests of Hasmonean descent... he would slaughter all the children. [12] [13] A New Testament expert and pastor of the Anglican Church, R.T. France, argued that Jocefus did not record the massacre in Bethlehem because “The killing of a small number of infants in the small village does not count the more spectacular murders recorded by Josefus”. [14]


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius (c. 395-423) wrote in the 4th century in his book Saturnalia: “When he [August Emperor] heard of the massacre of children under the age of 2 in Syria by Herod, king of the Jews, and among which included Herod's own son, he [Emperor Augustus] said: It is better to be a pig from Herod than to be his son. “[15]


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Bethlehem and Judea in the 1st century BC were linked into the (Roman) province of Syria.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

So although Macrobius was actually the author of Roman religious rituals and did not mention Christianity at all, the tradition of killing babies by Herod was something real for the general public of the time. [16]


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Christian tradition Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ every December 25 in Gregorian dating, which is called Christmas Day.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Every year, Christmas day does not fall on the same day of the week.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

The times leading up to Christmas are celebrated as the time of Advent.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

It is usually commemorated starting 4 Sundays before the fall week of Christmas day.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

Genealogy of Jesus According to Matthew In Matthew 1:1-17 Bible version of the Good News (BIS) [17] is recorded: "1:1 This is the list of the ancestors of Jesus Christ, descendants of David, descendants of Abraham.From Abraham to David, the names of Jesus' ancestors as follows: 1:2-5 Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Judah and brothers- his brothers, Peres and Zerah (their mother was Tamar), Hezron, Ram, Aminadab, Nahason, Salmon, Boas (his mother was Rahab), Obed (his mother was Ruth), Isai, 1:6 and King David.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

From David to the time when the Israelites were banished to Babylon the following names: Solomon (his mother was the former wife of Uriah), 1:7-11 Rehoboam, Abia, Asa, Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat, Uziah, Josiah, Uziah, Josiah, Uziah, Josiah and his brothers. Babylon until the birth of Jesus recorded the following names: Yekhonya, Sealtiel, Zerubabel, Abihud, Elyakim, Azur, Zadok, Akhim, Eliud, Eleazar, Matan, Jacob, Joseph the husband of Mary.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

And from Mary was born Jesus who was called Christ. 1:17 So from Abraham to David, all there were 14 generations.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

From David until the time the Israelites were banished to Babylon there were 14 generations as well.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

From the time the Israelites were banished to Babylon until the birth of Christ there were 14 generations.”


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

According to Matthew, Jesus was a descendant of King David through his son named Solomon.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

According to Luke In the Gospel of Luke, the Bible version of the Good News (BIS) is recorded: "3:23 When Jesus began his work, he was approximately 30 years old.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

In the opinion of people, He was son of Joseph, son of Eli, 3:24 son of Matat, son of Levi, son of Malkhi, son of Yanai, son of Joseph, 3:25 son of Matica, son of Amos, son of Nahum, son of Hesli, son of Nagai, 3:26 son of Maat, son of Matica, son of Josekh, son of Joseh, 3:27 son of Johanan, son of Resa, son of Zerusa, son of Zerusa, son of Zerusa Babylon, son of Sealtiel, son of Neri, 3:28 son of Malkhi, son of Adi, son of Kosam, son of Elmadam, son of Er, 3:29 son of Jesua, son of Eliezer, son of Yorim, son of Matat, son of Levi, 3:30 son of Simeon, son of Judah, son of Joseph, son of Yonam, son of Elyakim, 3:31 son of Mina, son of Matata, son of Natan, son of Natan, son of Natan David, 3:32 son of Isai, son of Obed, son of Boas, son of Salmon, son of Nahason, 3:33 son of Aminadab, son of Aram*, son of Hezron, son of Peres, son of Judah, 3:34 son of Jacob, son of Isaac, son of Abraham, son of Terah, son of Nahor, 3:35 son of Serug, son of Rehu, son of Peleg, son of Eber, son of Salmon [18], 3:36 son Kenan [19], son of Arhsad, son of Sem, son of Noah, son of Lamech, 3:37 son of Methusalah, son of Enoch, son of Jared, son of Mahalaleel, son of Kenan, 3:38 son of Enoch, son of Set, son of Adam, son of God.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

* Written “son of Admin, son of Arni” on a number of editions.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

See Luke 3:33.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

According to the Gospel of Luke, Jesus is a descendant of King David through his son named Natan.


Question: When was the day of Jesus's birth?

The birth of Jesus

See also Colombia Bethlehem Christmas Star Gabriel Christmas Magi of the East Jesus Christ Related Bible Parts: Isaiah 7, Matthew 1, Matthew 2, Luke 1, Luke 2, Luke 2, Luke 3 References Outside links Category:Jesus Category:New Testament Category:Gospel of Matthew Category:Gospel of Luke


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization is a process of international integration that occurs due to the exchange of worldviews, products, thoughts, and other aspects of culture. [1] [2] The progress of transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the advent of the telegraph and the Internet, is a major factor in globalization which further encourages the interdependence (interdependence) of economic and cultural activity. [3]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Although a number of parties state that globalization began in the modern era, some other experts trace the history of globalization to before the time of European discovery and voyage to the New World.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

There are also experts who note the occurrence of globalization in the third millennium before AD. [4] [5] In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the economic and cultural connectedness of the world took place very quickly.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The term globalization has been increasingly used since the mid-1980s and more frequently since the mid-1990s. [6] In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions, movement of capital and investment, migration and the displacement of man, and the liberation of science. [7]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In addition, environmental challenges such as climate change, cross-border water and air pollution, and excessive fishing of the oceans also have something to do with globalization. [8]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The process of globalization affects and is influenced by business and governance, the economy, socio-cultural resources, and the natural environment.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Human Introduction has interacted over a long range for thousands of years.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example is the overland Silk Road that connected Asia, Africa, and Europe and caused many changes to the civilization of nations in the “Old World”.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Thought, religion, language, artistry, and other aspects of culture spread and mix when countries exchange goods and ideas.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The global displacement of people, goods, and ideas was widespread in later centuries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans made the most important stubs in ocean exploration, one of which was a transatlantic voyage to the “New World” called the Americas.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the early 19th century, the development of new forms of transportation (such as steamships and railroads) and telecommunications that shrunk space and time allowed global interaction to occur very quickly. [9]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the 20th century, ground vehicles, intermodal freight, and airlines made transportation even faster.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The invention of electronic telecommunications, such as mobile phones and the Internet, made billions of people able to connect to each other in many different ways in 2010.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The etymology and usage of the term globalization 'is taken from the word globalize which refers to the emergence of an international network of social and economic systems. [10]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The term was first used as a noun in a piece entitled Towards New Education; the word 'globalization' here denotes a thorough view of human experience in the field of education. [11]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A similar term, corporate giants (corporate giants), was coined by Charles Taze Russell in 1897 [12] to call the major national corporations at that time.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the 1960s, the two terms began to be synonyms by economists and other social scientists.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Economist Theodore Levitt is widely recognized as the creator of the word term 'globalization' through his article entitled “Globalization of Markets”.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This article was published in the May—June 1983 issue of Harvard Business Review.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

However, the word 'globalization' has previously been widely used (since 1944 at least) and used by some observers since 1981. [13]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Levitt could be considered the man who mobilized this word and introduced it to mainstream business people in the later half of the 1980s. Since its formulation, the concept of globalization has inspired a number of definitions and interpretations, ranging from the coverage of trade and the great imperium in Asia and the Indian Ocean in the 15th century to beyond. [14] [15] Because the concept is so complex, many research projects, articles, and discussions are remain focused on the singular aspect of globalization. [1]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Roland Robertson, lecturer in sociology at the University of Aberdeen, one of the first authors in the field of globalization, defined globalization in 1992 as:... the compaction of the world and the enrichment of world consciousness as a whole. [16]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Sociologists Martin Albrow and Elizabeth King define globalization as:... all processes that unite the world's inhabitants into one single world society. [2]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In The Consequences of Modernity, Anthony Giddens uses the following definition: Globalization can be interpreted as an intensification of world social relations that connect distant places so that events in a place can be influenced by events occurring elsewhere for many kilometers away and vice versa. [17]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In Global Transformations, David Held and others define globalization as: Although in the simplest sense globalization refers to the widening, deepening, and accelerating of global interconnections, such definitions need to be explained even further...


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization can be placed within one local, national, and regional joint continuum.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

At one end of the continuum, there are local and/or national based social and economic relationships and networks; at the other end, there are social and economic relationships and networks that strengthen on the scale of regional and global interaction.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization can refer to the process of space-time change that sustains the transformation of the makeup of human life by connecting while expanding human activity across regions and continents.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Without seeing the connection of such loss, this term will not be able to be formulated clearly or conspicuously.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The exact definition of globalization should be able to include the following elements: range, intensity, speed, and influence. [18]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the book The Race to the Top: The Real Story of Globalization, Swedish journalist Thomas Larsson states that globalisation is:... a process of shrinking the world so that distances get shorter and everything feels ever closer.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization refers to the easier interaction between a person in one place and another person in another part of the world. [19]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Journalist Thomas L. Friedman modeled the word “flat world” (flat world).


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

It argues that global trade, outsourcing, supply chains, and political power have changed the world for better or worse permanently.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

He asserted that globalization is progressing faster and its influence on organizations and business practices will continue to grow. [20]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Economist Takis Fotopoulos defines “economic globalization” as the liberation and deregulation of commodity, capital, and labor markets that culminate in present-day neoliberal globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

He used the term “political globalization” to call the emergence of transnational elites and the loss of the nation state.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

“Cultural globalization” is used to call the homogenization of world culture.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Other Istialh are “globalization ideology”, “technological globalization”, and “social globalization”. [21]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Manfred Steger, lecturer in global studies and research chair at the Global Cities Institute at RMIT University, identifies four major empirical globalization dimensions: economic, political, cultural, and ecological, plus a fifth dimension (ideology) that crosses four other dimensions.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to Steger, the dimensions of ideology are met by a series of norms, claims, beliefs, and explanations of the phenomenon itself. [22]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions, the movement of capital and investment, migration and human displacement, and the liberation of science. [7]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the trade and deals sector, developing countries have increased their share of world trade from 19 percent in 1971 to 29 percent in 1999.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

However, there are big differences in a number of regions.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, the new industrialized country (NIE) in Asia succeeded, whereas the rest of the country in Africa failed.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The goods the country exports are an important indicator of success.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Exports of manufacturer goods increased and were dominated by developed countries and NIE.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Exports of commodities such as food and raw materials usually come from developing countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The share of total commodity exports decreased over time.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

From this, the movement of capital and investment can be viewed as another basic aspect of globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Private capital flows to developing countries rose throughout the 1990s, replacing “aid” or “development assistance” that dwindled after the early 1980s. Foreign direct investment (FDI) became the most important category.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Portfolio investment and bank credit increased but increasingly volatile and eventually plummeted as a result of the financial crisis of the late 1990s. Between 1965—90, the number of migrating labour doubled.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Most migration occurs between developing countries dna less developed countries (LDCs). [23]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Paul James, Director of the United Nations Global Compact Cities Programme, argues that four different forms of globalization can also be distinguished so as to complement and cross all dimensions of globalization. [24]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to James, the oldest form of dominant globalization is tangible globalization, that is, human displacement.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The second oldest dominant form is the globalization of institutions, that is, the circulation of agents from various institutions, organizations, and bodies, including imperial agents.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Its third form, the globalization of objects, is the movement of commodities and other exchange objects.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The displacement of ideas, images, science, and information in the world is called intangible globalization, and today intangible globalization is the most dominant form.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

James argues that this kind of grouping allows us to understand that the most tangible forms of globalization such as displacement of refugees and migrants are actually increasingly restricted, whereas the most intangible forms such as the circulation of financial instruments are increasingly unrestricted. [25]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to the origin of the word, the word “globalization” is taken from the word global, whose meaning is universal.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Achmad Suparman stated Globalization is a process of making things (objects or behaviors) a feature of every individual in the world without being limited by region.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization does not yet have a well-established definition, except just a working definition, so it depends on which side people look at it.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

There are those who view it as a social process, or a historical process, or a natural process that will bring all nations and countries in the world increasingly tied to each other, embodying a new order of life or unity of co-existence by getting rid of geographical, economic boundaries and culture of society.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

On the other hand, some see globalization as a project carried by superpowers, so people can have a negative view or are suspicious of it.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

From this point of view, globalization is nothing but capitalism in its most up-to-date form.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Strong and rich countries will practically control the world economy and smaller countries are increasingly powerless because they are unable to compete.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Therefore, globalization tends to have a great effect on the world economy, and even affect other areas such as culture and religion.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Theodore Levitte was the person who first used the term Globalization in 1985.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Jan Aart Scholte sees that there are several definitions that people intended by globalization: Internationalization: Globalization is interpreted as increasing international relations.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In this case each country retains its individual identity, but becomes increasingly dependent on each other.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Liberalization: Globalization is also interpreted by increasing limits between countries, such as barriers to import export tariffs, foreign exchange traffic, and migration.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Universalization: Globalization is also described as the spread of material and imaterial matters throughout the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Experiences in one locality can be the experience of the whole world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Westernization: Westernization is one form of universalization by increasingly spreading minds and cultures from the west thus globalizing.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Relationship of transplanetary and suprateritoriality: The meaning of these five is different from the four definitions above.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

On the first four definitions, each country still retains its ontological status.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the fifth sense, the globalized world has its own ontological status, not simply a composite of countries. [26]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

History There are far and near causes that can be found in the historical factors that influenced globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Large-scale globalization began in the 19th century. [9]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Ancient Globalization is seen as a phase in the history of globalization that refers to the events and developments of globalization from the time of its earliest civilization until roughly the 1600s. This term is used to refer to the relationship between society and the state and the way they are formed by the spread of social ideas and norms both at local and regional levels. [27]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In this scheme, there are three causes that are exposed as triggers for globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The first cause is Eastern thought which means that Western countries have adapted and applied the principles learned from the East. [27]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Without traditional ideas from the East, Western globalization would not have happened as it should.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The second cause is distance; interstate interaction is not yet on a global scale and is still around Asia, North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Europe. [27]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In early globalization, it was still difficult to interact with other countries located far away.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Technological advances then allow countries to know the existence of other countries located far away, and a new phase of globalization occurs.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The third cause is interdependence, stability, and regularity.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

If a country is independent of another country, there is no other way for that country to influence and be influenced by other countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This is one of the prime movers behind global relations and trade.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Without both, globalization will not work as it has already been and the country will remain dependent on its own production and resources in order to continue to stand up.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Some experts argue that ancient globalization did not work out like modern globalization because the countries of that time were not as interdependent as they are now. [27]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

There is also a multipolar nature in ancient globalization involving the active participation of non-European nations.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Because ancient globalization already existed before the Great Cleavage of the 19th century, a time when Western Europe had more advanced industrial production and economic outcomes than any other region of the world, ancient globalization became a phenomenon driven not only by Europe but also by the Old World region whose economies have advanced such as Gujarat, Bengal, coastal China, and Japan. [28]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The German historical economist and sociologist Andre Gunder Frank argues that globalization was prefaced by the emergence of trade relations between Sumer and the Indus Valley Civilization in the third millennium BC.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This ancient globalization occurred during the Hellenistic Age, an age when commercial urban centers formed a pivot of Greek culture stretching from India to Spain, including Alexandria and other Alexander era cities.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Since then, Greece's geographical position and grain imports forced the Greeks into trade by sea.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Trade in ancient Greece was very unrestricted, and the state controlled only the supply of wheat. [4] jmpl|250px|New World native crops scattered around the world: Maize, tomatoes, potatoes, vanilla, rubber, cocoa, Early Modern tobacco Early modern globalization or proto-globalization spans a period of history of globalization between 1600 and 1800.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The concept of proto-globalization was first introduced by historians A. G. Hopkins and Christopher Bayly.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The term means a phase of improving trade relations and cultural exchange that was characteristic of the period before the advent of modern globalization in the late 19th century. [29]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This phase of globalization was characterized by the rise of the European maritime imperium in the 16th and 17th centuries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The first imperiums that appeared were Portugal and Spain, then came the Netherlands and Britain.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the 17th century, world trade expanded further when royal companies (chartered companies) such as the British East India Company (founded in 1600) and Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (founded in 1602, are often considered the first multinational companies to open its shares) was established. [30]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Early modern globalization differed from modern globalization in terms of the goals of expansionism, the way it managed global trade, and the level of information exchange.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This period was marked by numerous trade agreements as the East India Company carried out, the switch of hegemony to Western Europe, the occurrence of large-scale conflicts between large nations such as the Thirty Years' War, and the emergence of new commodities such as the slave trade.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Triangle trade allowed Europe to benefit from the resources of the barata world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The displacement of animals, plants, and disease outbreaks attributed to the concept of the Columbus Exchange by Alfred Crosby also played an important role in this process.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Early modern trade and communication involved many groups of peoples, including European, Muslim, Indian, Southeast Asian, and Chinese traders, especially in the Indian Ocean region.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Modern Throughout the 19th century, globalization began to approach its modern form as a result of the industrial revolution.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Industrialization allowed standardization of the production of household goods using economies of scale, whereas rapid population growth created a stable demand for goods.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the 19th century, steamboats greatly saved on international transportation costs and railroads made land transportation cheaper.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The transport revolution occurred between 1820 and 1850. [9]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The number of countries participating in international trade is growing. [9]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization at this time was heavily influenced by 19th century imperialism as it did in Africa and Asia.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The 1956 discovery of ship containers helped advance the globalization of trade. [31] [32] After the Second World War, politicians succeeded in realizing the Bretton Woods conference, a treaty that major nations agreed to craft international monetary policy, trade and finance, and the establishment of a number of international institutions aimed at facilitating economic growth, gradual liberation of trade, and simplification and reduction of trade restrictions.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Initially, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) issued several agreements to remove restrictions on trade.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

GATT was later replaced by the World Trade Organization (WTO) to manage the trading system.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Exports barely doubled from 8.5% of total world gross product in 1970 to 16.2% in 2001. [33]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Utilization of global agreements to advance trade was hampered by the failed Doha round of negotiations.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Many countries are transitioning to bilateral agreements or smaller multilateral agreements, for example the 2011 United States—South Korea Free Trade Agreement.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Since the 1970s, flights have become increasingly affordable for the middle class in developing countries The open skies policy and low-fare airlines have encouraged market competition.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the 1990s, the growth of low-fare communications networks slashed interstate communication costs.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

There are many things that can be done through computers without caring about their location such as accounting, software development, and engineering design.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the world's economic and cultural connectedness grew very quickly.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This growth slowed from the 1910s onwards as a result of the World War and the Cold War, [34] but managed to accelerate again since neoliberal policies pioneered in the 1980s and Deng Xiaoping's perestroika and Chinese economic reforms brought western capitalism to the old Eastern Bloc. [35]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the early 2000s, most developed countries experienced the Great Recession, [36] thus slowing the globalization process temporarily. [37] [38] [39] Trade and globalization have evolved considerably in the present.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A globalized society has a series of drivers and factors that continue to bring people, culture, markets, beliefs, and activities closer. [40]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Cochrane and Pain's theory asserts that in relation to globalization, there are three discernible theoretical positions, namely: Globalists believe that globalization is a reality that has real consequences for how people and institutions around the world run.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They believe that countries and local cultures will be lost to a homogeneous global culture and economy. Nonetheless, globalists do not have the same opinion about the consequences of the process.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Positive and optimistic globalists respond well to such developments and state that globalization will result in a tolerant and responsible world society.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Pessimistic globalists argue that globalization is a negative phenomenon because it is actually a form of western colonization (especially the United States) that forces a number of homogeneous forms of culture and consumption to be seen as something that is properly regarded.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Some of them later formed groups to oppose globalization (antiglobalization).


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Traditionalists do not believe that globalization of the middle is happening.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They argue that this phenomenon is a myth purely or, if it does exist, grossly exaggerated.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They refer to that capitalism has been an international phenomenon for hundreds of years.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

What we are experiencing today is only an advanced stage, or evolution, of capital production and trade.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The transformationalists are among the globalists and traditionalists.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They agree that the influence of globalization has been greatly overstated by globalists.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

However, they also argue that it is foolish if we deny the existence of this concept.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This theoretical position argues that globalization ought to be understood as “a set of relationships interrelated purely through a force, most of which do not occur directly”.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They state that this process can be reversed, especially when it is negative or, at least, controllable.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Organizational Aspects of global business As transportation and communication progressed, international business grew rapidly after the beginning of the 20th century.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

International business encompasses all commercial transactions (private, sales, investment, logistics, and transportation) that occur between two regions, countries, and nations or more outside their political boundaries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This international diversification is matched by performance and innovation, but typically performance increases and innovation decreases. [41]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Usually private companies conduct transactions to earn profit. [42]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This kind of business transaction involves economic resources such as capital, natural resources, and human resources for the production of physical goods and international services such as finance, banking, insurance, construction, and other production activities. [43]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

International business cooperation leads to multinational companies, namely companies that have a global approach to markets and production or companies operating in more than one country.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A multinational corporation can also be called a transnational corporation.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Notable multinationals include fast food companies such as McDonald's and Yum Brands, vehicle manufacturers such as General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Toyota, consumer electronics manufacturers such as Samsung, LG, and Sony, and energy companies such as ExxonMobil, Shell, and BP.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Most large companies operate in several national markets.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Companies or businesses generally argue that continuity in the new global market requires them to seek goods, services, labor, and materials from abroad so that their products and technologies can be continuously updated in order to survive in the midst of heated competition. [44]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to a current report from the McKinsey Global Institute, flows of goods, services, and finance totaled $26 trillion in 2012 or 36 percent of global GDP.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

That is 1.5 times more than in 1990. [45]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

International trade International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across borders or international territories. [46]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In most countries, international trade occupied a large share in gross domestic product (GDP).


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Industrialization, advanced transportation, multinational corporations, offshoring, and outsourcing have all made a major impact on global trade.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The growth of international trade is a basic component of globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Absolute trade advantage arises when countries can produce a commodity at a lower cost per unit than their trading partners.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

By the same logic, the country should import commodities that have absolute losses. [47]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Although there is a possibility of trading profit from absolute profit, the comparative advantage, that is, the ability to offer goods and services at a marginal cost and a lower opportunity cost, expands the limits of the possibilities of equally profitable exchanges.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In a globalized business environment, companies think that the comparative advantage that international trade offers is important in order to keep competing.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Trade agreements, economic blocs, and special trade zones Determination of free trade areas is something modern era governments must do to conduct trade agreements with foreign and multinational entities. [49]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Special Economic Zone (Special Economic Zone; SEZ) is a geographic area of economic law and other laws skew more towards the free market than the national laws of the country.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

National laws could be suspended inside this particular zone.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The SEZ category includes a wide variety of zones, including Free Trade Zones (FTZs), Export Processing Zones (EPZs), Free Zones (FZs), industrial areas (IE), free ports, Municipal Enterprise Zones, and others.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Typically, the goal of these zones is to increase foreign direct investment by foreign investors, especially international businesses or multinational companies (MNCs).


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This zone is a special region whose corporate taxes are very low or even dispensed with altogether to encourage economic activity.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Free ports have since long ago had favourable excise regulations, for example, the free port of Trieste.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Often these free ports are part of the free economic zone.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

FTZ is where goods are brought in, handled, manufactured or adapted, and re-exported without the interference of customs authorities.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

When the goods have already moved into the hands of consumers within countries outside the FTZ, then the goods are subject to existing excise regulations.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Free trade zones are established around major ports, international airports, and national borders, places with trade advantages geographically. [50]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

It is a region where a group of countries has agreed to reduce or eliminate trade barriers. [51]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Free trade areas are trade blocs whose member states have signed free trade agreements that remove tariffs, import quotas, and preferences on most (if not all) goods and services traded interstate.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

If the population is free to move interstate, in addition to free trade areas, this area can also be considered an open border.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The European Union, of 27 countries, provides free trade areas and open borders.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Special Industrial Zone (Qualified Industrial Zone; QIZ) is an industrial area that houses factory operations in Jordan and Egypt.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

QIZ is a special free trade zone established in cooperation with Israel to take advantage of the free trade agreement between the United States and israel.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Under a trade agreement with Jordan as the United States stipulates, goods produced in QIZ could go directly into the U.S. market without tariffs dor import quotas if they meet certain conditions.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

To be granted that status, goods produced in this zone must contain few donations or inputs from Israel.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In addition, a minimum value of 35% should be added to the final product.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The QIZ was the idea of Jordanian business man Omar Salah, and the first QIZ was decreed by the United States Congress in 1997.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Asia Pacific is touted as “the most integrated trading region on the face of the Earth” because its intraregional trade covers about 50-60% of Asia Pacific's total imports and exports. [52]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Asia Pacific also has extraregional trade.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Exports of consumer goods such as televisions, radios, bicycles, and textiles to the United States, Europe, and Japan are driving economic expansion. [53]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The ASEAN Free Trade Area [54] is a trade bloc agreement of the Association of Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN) that supports local producers in all ASEAN countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The AFTA Agreement was signed on 28 January 1992 in Singapore.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

When the AFTA agreement was signed, ASEAN was still composed of six countries, namely Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Vietnam joined in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1997 and Cambodia in 1999.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Tax haven A tax haven is a country or county that lowers taxes or even mortgages them altogether.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Such areas are utilized by a number of companies for tax avoidance and tax circumvention efforts. [56]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Individuals and companies consider a tax haven suitable to set up a veiled subsidiary or move to a region where the tax value is low or non-existent.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The existence of a tax haven creates a situation of tax competition among the government.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Some jurisdictions deliberately make their territory a haven for certain tax categories and certain categories of residents and corporations. [57]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A state that is sovereign or has self-government under international law in theory has unlimited power to apply tax law on its territory, unless limited by previous international treaties.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The main feature of a tax haven is that its laws and regulations can be used to circumvent or circumvent the laws or regulations of other jurisdictions. [58]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In its December 2008 report on tax haven utilization by United States corporations, [59] The U.S. Government Accountability Office was unable to establish a fitting definition of tax haven, but listed certain criteria that corroborate its existence: neither nor few taxes; absence of effective exchange of tax information with foreign tax authorities; absence of transparency in the implementation of legislative, legal, or administrative regulations; absence of requirements for branch establishment; and self-promotion as an offshore financial center.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A 2012 Tax Justice Network report estimated that between US$21 trillion and $32 trillion is protected from taxes in a number of secret tax haven in the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

If that much wealth gets 3% interest per year and capital profit is raised at 30%, tax revenue could reach $190 billion to $280 billion, more than any tax protector. [60]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

If secret offshore assets are counted, some of the debt countries may be considered creditor countries. [61]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

However, the Chartered Institute of Taxation's tax policy director admitted to being skeptical about the accuracy of the number. [62]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Daniel J. Mitchell of the Cato Institute said that the report, when calculating lost tax revenues, assumed that 100% of money deposited overseas was an attempt at tax circumvention. [63]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Tax havens reap criticism because they often end up piling idle cash [64] which is expensive and inefficient for corporate repatriation. [65]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Tax protector profits create tax incidents that harm the poor. [66]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Many tax havens are thought to have connections to perpetrators” fraud, money laundering, and terrorism. “[67]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Despite the many invetigations of illegal tax haven abuse, the number of convicted perpetrators is not much. [68] [69] Pelobians related to tax haven and transfer prices were also criticized. [70]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The view of accountants on tax haven proficiency has changed, [71] as well as the views of corporate customers, [72] government, [73] [74] and politicians, [75] [76] although the utilization of tax haven by Fortune 500 companies [77] and others is still prevalent. [78]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Reform plans centered on accounting firms included in the Big Four continue to be pushed. [79]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Some administrations appear to be using computer spyware to uncover the financial balance sheets of a number of companies. [80]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

International tourism Tourism is travel for leisure, leisure, or business purposes.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who “travel to and settle in places other than their surroundings for no more than a year for leisure, business, etc. purposes”. [81]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

There are various forms of tourism such as agriculture tourism, birth tourism, culinary tourism, cultural tourism, environmental tourism, extreme tourism, geography tourism, history tourism, LGBT tourism, medical tourism, sea tourism, pop culture tourism, religious tourism, slum tourism, war tourism, and life tourism wild.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization makes tourism a popular global holiday activity.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The World Health Organization estimates that there are also currently around 500,000 people on board aircraft worldwide. [82]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

As a result of the late-2000s recession, international travel demand fell dramatically from the latter half of 2008 until the end of 2009.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

After increasing as much as 5% in the first half of 2008, the growth in international tourist arrivals began to decline in the latter half of 2008 and the percentage increase for that year fell to 2%, in contrast to 7% in 2007. [83]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This negative trend was worse in 2009 due to the outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus that the number of international tourist arrivals fell by 4.2% in 2009 to 880 million people, and international tourism revenue fell 5.7%. [84]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

One exception to free travel is travel from the United States to Canada and Mexico that have semi-open borders.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Under United States law, travel to those countries currently requires a passport. [85]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2010, the amount of money spinning in international tourism reached US$919 billion, up 6.5% since 2009, thanks to a 4.7% increase in real value. [86]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2010, there were 940 million international tourist arrivals worldwide. [87]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

International sports Modern international sports events can be major events that affect the political, economic and cultural aspects of countries around the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In terms of politics and sports, sports can affect the country, its identity and the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The ancient Olympic Games were a series of competitions held between representatives of several city-states and kingdoms from Ancient Greece.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

These activities featured athletic matches, bouts, and horse-drawn carriage racing.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

As the Olympics progressed, all warfare between participating city-states was postponed until the Games were over. [88]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The origin of the Olympics is filled with mystery and legend. [89]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Throughout the 19th century, the Olympics became a popular global activity.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Although a number of economists are skeptical about the economic benefits of organizing the Olympics while emphasizing that “mega activities” like this cost big money, organizing the Olympics (or its candidacy alone) can increase the export value of the organizing country, due to the organizing country or candidate country gave signs of trade openness when running for Olympic organizer. [90]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In addition, there are studies showing that the organization of the Summer Olympics gives a strong positive effect on the donations of corporate philanthropists headquartered in the organizing city thus benefiting the local non-profit sector.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

These positive effects begin to appear in the years leading up to the Olympics and can persist several years afterward, but are not permanent.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

These findings show that organizing the Olympics can create opportunities for municipalities to influence local companies to benefit local non-profit sectors and civil society. [91]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Olympics also gave a negative effect on the people in the organizing city.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, the Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions reports that Olympic preparations saw more than two million people evicted from their residences over the past two decades and harmed the poor. [92]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization continues to increase international competition in the field of sports.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The FIFA World Cup is the most watched sporting feast in the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

About 700 million people watched the final match of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. [93]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to A.T. Kearney's 2011 research of teams, leagues, and sports federations, the global sports industry is worth between €350 billion and €450 billion (US$480-$620 billion). [94]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

It all includes infrastructure construction, sports gear, licensed products, and live sports matches.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Illegal international trade “Black market” and organized crime typically operate at a transnational level with total global sales worth nearly US$2 trillion per year. [96]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Drug trafficking In 2010, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reported that the global illicit drugs trade generates more than US$320bn annually. [97]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The United Nations estimates that worldwide there are more than 50 regular users of heroin, cocaine, and synthetic drugs. [98]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

International trade in threatened species takes second place under the trafficking of drugs in the smuggling “industry”. [99]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Traditional Chinese medicine usually requires ingredients from all parts of plants, leaves, stems, flowers, roots, as well as material from animals and minerals.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The use of body parts of threatened species (such as seahorses, rhinoceros horns, saiga antelope horns, and tiger bones and claws) creates a black market of poachers who hunt illicit animals. [100] [101] Human trafficking and smuggling is an activity that makes human beings as trafficked goods, usually for the purposes of sex slavery, forced labor, or the retrieval of organs or tissues of the body, [102] [103] including gestational surrogacy (surrogacy) and removal of the egg. [104]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Human trafficking is a high value industry and one of the fastest growing industries whose value reaches US$32 billion per year.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

By comparison, all international illegal trade in 2010 was worth about US$650 billion. [105]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Human trafficking is a global problem that arises due to economic, cultural, legal, and immigration policy difficulties. [106]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2004, the total annual revenue of human trafficking was estimated at between US$5 billion and $9 billion. [107]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2005, Patrick Belser of the ILO estimated the annual global profit from human trafficking at US$31.6 billion. [108]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2008, the United Nations estimated that nearly 2.5 million people from 127 countries were trafficked to 137 countries worldwide. [109]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Human trafficking is different from human smuggling.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In human smuggling, smuggled people willingly ask or hire someone, commonly called a smuggler, to move them secretly from place to place.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Usually this type of smuggling involves transferring from country to country that once denied entry to parties slung across international borders.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

There is no fraud when the original agreement between the smugglers and slummed.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Once inside the destination country and arriving at the final place, the smuggled person is usually free to search his own way.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD), human smuggling is a crime against the state for violating immigration law and does not consider violations of the rights of smuggled migrants to be a crime.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Human trafficking is a crime against its victims because it violates the rights of victims through coercion and exploitation. [110]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Economic globalization Economic globalization is the increasing economic interdependence of countries in the world thanks to the accelerated movement of goods, services, technology, and capital across borders. [112]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

If business globalization is centralized on the elimination of international trade regulations such as tariffs, taxes, and other burdens that impede global trade, economic globalization is a process of increasing economic integration between countries that lead to the emergence of global markets and world markets single. [113]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Depending on the paradigm, economic globalization can be viewed as a positive or negative phenomenon.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Economic globalization consists of the globalization of production, markets, competition, technology, and enterprises and industries. [112]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Current trends in globalization can be considered the result of the integration of developed countries with less developed countries through foreign direct investment, reduction of trade limits, economic reform, and immigration.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 1944, 44 countries attended the Bretton Woods Conference to stabilize world currencies and establish credit for international trade in the post World War II era.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The international economic order planned by this conference became the trigger for the neoliberal economic order used today.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The conference also established several organizations important to the formation of the global economy and the global financial system, such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, China's economic reforms exposed China to the globalization currents of the 1980s. Experts found that China managed to achieve a level of openness that is hard to find in other large, populous countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Foreign goods competition touches almost all sectors of the Chinese economy.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Foreign investment helps improve product quality and knowledge and standards, especially in the field of heavy industry.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

China's experience corroborates claims that globalization is adding to the wealth of poor countries. [114]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

As of 2005—2007, Shanghai Port bears the title of busiest port in the world. [115] [116] [117] [118] Another example, economic liberalization in India and its economic reforms began in 1991.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

As of 2009, about 300 million people, equal to the number of the population of the United States, have come out of the noose of poverty. [119]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In India, business process outsourcing is touted as “India's main development engine until the next few decades that contributes a lot to GDP growth, job additions, and poverty eradication”. [120] [121] The global financial system In the early 21st century, the framework the work of legal agreements, institutions, and the world's formal and informal economic actors together helps the flow of international financial capital for investment and trade funding purposes.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This global financial system emerged during the first wave of modern economic globalization characterized by the establishment of central banks, multilateral agreements, and intergovernmental organizations aimed at improving the transparency, regulation, and effectiveness of international markets. [123]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The world economy became increasingly financially integrated throughout the 20th century as capital liberalization and deregulation of the financial sector in each country occurred.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

After being exposed to volatile capital flows, a series of financial crises in Europe, Asia, and Latin America have affected other countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In the early 21st century, various financial institutions grew up with a more sophisticated and connected network of economic activity.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

When the United States suffered a financial crisis at the beginning of that century, the crisis propagated rapidly to other countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This crisis is known as the global financial crisis and is recognized as the trigger for the Great Recession around the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Tightening Governments sometimes run tightening or austerity policies to reduce budget deficits when the economy cools.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

These policies include spending cuts, tax increases, or a mixture of both. [124] [125] [126] The tightening policy indicates the liquidity of the government to its creditors and the credit assessment body by equalizing fiscal revenue with spending.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The effect of tightening in terms of the economy is not yet clear because of its broad and unspecific definition, a scant example of its natural experimentation, as well as the possibility of mixing with the effects of other events that tend to precede tightening such as recessions and financial crises.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In macroeconomics, a reduction in government spending would increase the number of unemployed.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

It also increases safety net spending and reduces tax revenues to some extent.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Government spending contributes to gross domestic product (GDP) so the debt-to-GDP ratio that signals liquidity may not improve soon.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Short-term deficit spending contributes to GDP growth when consumers and businesses are unwilling or unable to spend. [127]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to the theory of expansionary fiscal contraction (EFC), massive reductions in government spending could alter tax expectations and future government spending so as to encourage private consumption and a thorough expansion of the economy. [128]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Since 2011, the International Monetary Fund has issued warnings against tightening efforts being run without regard to economic fundamentals [129] [130] [131] and many critics say that tightening efforts are often misdirected and harmful to the country's economy when run. [ 132] [133] [134] Capital escape occurs when assets or money flow out of a country quickly because the country is newly raising tax rates, rates, labor wages, or other financial conditions that are considered adverse such as debt congestion. annoying the investors.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The flight of capital sometimes results in a very rapid loss of wealth and is usually accompanied by a sharp drop in the exchange rate of the affected country, thus triggering a depreciation of the currency exchange rate or forced devaluation of the fixed exchange rate.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

These events can be very detrimental if their capital is owned by citizens of the affected country, since it is not only its citizens who are burdened by the loss of confidence in the economy and the devaluation of its currency, but also their assets lose much of their nominal value.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This also resulted in a sharp decrease in the purchasing power of the country's assets and an increase in the price of imported goods


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Capital flight can lead to liquidity crises in affected countries experiencing outflows of capital, countries that have lost investor assets due to liquidation, and countries engaged in international trade such as shipping and finance.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

2008 research published by Global Financial Integrity estimated capital flight or illicit financial flows from emerging economies totaled “approximately US$850 billion to $1 trillion annually. “[135]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Market participants who need cash have trouble finding potential trading associates to serve as targets for selling their assets.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This could be a consequence of low market participation or a reduction in cash by financial market participants.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The owner of the asset was then forced to sell his assets at a price below the long-term base price.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The borrowers typically face higher borrowing costs and collateral incisions, in contrast to the times when liquidity still made sense.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Unsecured debt is almost hard to obtain.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

When there is a liquidity crisis, the interbank lending market does not run smoothly.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The flight of capital also affects developed countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A 2009 article in The Times reported that hundreds of wealthy lenders and businessmen had in recent times quit the U.K. because its government raised taxes.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They moved to places where taxes were low such as Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, and the British Virgin Islands. [136]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In May 2012, the scale of capital flight from Greece after “fruitless” legislative elections was estimated at €4 billion per week. [137]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Later that month, the Central Bank of Spain revealed that €97 billion worth of capital flows came out of the Spanish economy in the first quarter of 2012. [138]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization Index Measurement measure of economic globalization focuses on various variables such as trade, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), portfolio investment, and income.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The new indexes instead seek to measure globalization with more general variables such as political, social, cultural, and environmental aspects. [139]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

One of the globalization indices is the KOF Index.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The KOF Index measures three main dimensions of globalization, namely economic, social, and political. [140]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Another is the A.T. Kearney/Foreign Policy Magazine Globalization Index. [141]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The free trade policy Enabling Trade Index measures factors, policies, and services that help trade goods across borders until the destination city.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The index consists of four sub-indices, namely market access, border management, transportation and communication, and business environment. The top 20 countries in the 2010 version of the index are: [142] 2 Singapore - 6.06 Hong Kong - 5.70 Denmark - 5.41 Sweden - 5.41 Switzerland - 5.37 New Zealand - 5.33 Norway - 5.32 Canada - 5.29 Luxembourg - 5.28 Netherlands - 5.26 Iceland - 5.26 Finland - 5.25 Germany - 5.20 Austria - 5.17 Australia - 5.13 United Arab Emirates - 5.12 United Kingdom - 5.06 Chile - 5.06 United States - 5.03 France - 5.02 Socio-cultural Globalization Cultural globalization has increased cross-cultural contact but accompanied by reduced uniqueness of once isolated communities.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, sushi can be found in Germany and Japan, but on the other hand the popularity of Euro-Disney surpasses the popularity of Paris so it could reduce the demand for authentic French bread. [143] [144] [145] The contribution of globalization to a person's exile from its traditions is still classified low rather than the impact of modernity itself as existentialists Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus argued.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization has expanded the opportunity of obtaining recreation through the spread of pop culture through the Internet and satellite television.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Religion was one of the first cultural elements to globalize; there were propagated through force, migration, evangelicals, imperialists, and merchants.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and recent sects such as Mormonism are already influencing endemic cultures in places far from where they originated. [146]


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Conversi claimed in 2010 that globalization was driven more by currents of cultural and economic activity from the United States better known as Americanization [147] [148] or Westernization.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, two of the world's most successful global food and beverage outlets are companies from the United States, McDonald's and Starbucks.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Both are often used as examples of globalization as they have more than 32,000 [149] and 18,000 outlets worldwide as of 2008, respectively. [150]


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The term globalization means transformation.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Cultural traditions such as traditional music could have disappeared or turned into an amalgamation of traditions.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization is able to create an emergency for the sake of preserving musical heritage.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Archivers attempt to collect, record, or write repertoire before their melodies undergo assimilation or adjustment.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Local musicians struggled to gain authenticity and preserve the musical traditions of the area.


Question: when was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization can make pementas or artists ignore traditional musical instruments.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The new combined genres can be interesting research material. [151]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization encouraged the World Music phenomenon by allowing music recorded somewhere to reach listeners in the Western world who were about to seek new ideas and sounds.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, many Western musicians have adopted innovations derived from other cultures. [152]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The term “World Music” was originally aimed at ethnic music.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Now, globalization is expanding the scope of this term until hybrid sub-genres such as World fusion, Global fusion, Ethnic fusion [153] and Worldbeat [154] [155] Music are also spreading out of the Western world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Anglo-American pop music spread around the world through MTV.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Dependencies theory explains bawha the world is a unified international system.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

From a musical point of view, this means losing the musical identity of the region. [156]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Bourdieu said that perception of consumption could be viewed as self-identification and identity formation.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In terms of music, this means that every human has his own musical identity based on his preferences and tastes.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

These passions and tastes are strongly influenced by culture because culture is the most fundamental factor that shapes one's desires and behaviors.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The concept of local culture is now changing due to globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In addition, globalization also increases the interdependence of personal, political, cultural, and economic factors. [157]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A 2005 UNESCO report [158] showed that cultural exchanges are more frequent from East Asia, but Western countries are still the largest cultural exporters.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2002, China was the world's largest cultural exporter after the United Kingdom and the United States.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Between 1994 and 2002, the share of North American and European Union cultural exports declined, while Asian cultural exports rose beyond North America.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Another related fact is that the population and area of Asia is larger many times over than that of North America.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Americanization corresponded to times of high political influence of the United States and the growth of United States stores, markets, and goods exported to other countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Globalization, as a diverse phenomenon, relates to the world of multilateral politics as well as the development of markets and cultural objects between countries.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Experiences experienced by India reveal the plural influence of cultural globalization. [159]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Multilingualism and lingua franca Multilingual speakers surpass the number of monolingual speakers in the world. [160]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Today, most people in the world can speak more than one language. [161]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Language contact occurs when two or more languages/varieties interact with each other.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Language contact occurs in a variety of phenomena, including language convergence, word borrowing, and relexification.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The most prevalent contact results are pidgin, creole, change code, and mixed languages.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Multilingualism is sticking out as a social phenomenon governed by the needs of globalization and cultural openness. [162]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Thanks to the ease of access to information facilitated by the Internet, humanity is increasingly exposed to foreign languages, thereby triggering the need for mastery of several languages.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Lingua franca is a language that is systematically used to communicate between people whose native language is not the same, usually using a third language that differs from the mother tongue of the two people. [163]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Currently, the second most popular language is English.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

About 3.5 billion people are quite familiar with the language. [164]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

English is the most dominant language on the Internet. [165]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

About 35% of the world's letters, telexes, and wires are written in English; about 40% of the world's radio programs are broadcast in English. [166]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Although multilingual speakers are often found, the number of languages spoken globally continues to decrease. The 20 largest languages whose speakers are more than 50 million people spoken by 50% of the world's population, while the rest are spoken in small areas.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Most languages have fewer than 10,000 speakers. [167]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This less dispersed language has since long ago been protected by its closed geographical location.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Now, regional and minority speakers are increasingly difficult to compete with dominant language speakers as they are considered threatened languages.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The total number of languages in the world is exactly unknown and the estimates vary depending on the factors.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Current estimates are between 6,000 and 7,000 languages [168] and about 50— 90% of them will be extinct by 2100. [167]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Politics In general, globalization will eventually reduce the idiosyncrasies of the nation state.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Supranational institutions such as the European Union, WTO, G8, or the International Court supersede or expand state functions to facilitate international treaties. [169]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

A number of observers have called globalization a cause of the decline in power of the United States, one of them a result of high U.S. trade deficits.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This triggered a global power move to Asian countries such as China that have market power and have achieved remarkable growth levels.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

As of 2011, China's economy is expected to beat the United States by 2025. [170]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Nongovernmental organizations continue to influence public policy across state borders, including in the areas of humanitarian assistance and state development. [171]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Charitable organizations with global missions are also one step ahead in the humanitarian field.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Charities such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Accion International, Acumen Fund (now Acumen), and Echoing Green combined business models with philanthropy that later spawned business organizations such as the Global Philanthropy Group and new philanthropic associations such as Global Philanthropy Forum.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation's projects include commitments worth hundreds of billions of dollars to fund immunizations in some poor, fast-growing countries, [172] as well as hundreds of millions of dollars to fund socialization programs for poor people. [173]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Hudson Institute estimates that the total flow of funds from private philanthropists to developing countries reached US$59 billion in 2010. [174]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In response to globalisation, a number of countries began to adhere to policies of isolationism.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

For example, the North Korean government makes it difficult for foreigners to enter its country and closely supervises their activities should it be allowed to enter.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The social workers were thoroughly vetted and not allowed to visit places that the government prohibited.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

North Koreans can't get out of the country. [175] [176] Media and public opinion A 2005 research by Peer Fiss and Paul Hirsch found an increase in the number of negative articles on globalization in previous years.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 1998, negative articles beat positive articles by a comparison of two to one. [177]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2008, Greg Ip claimed that this rise in the number of rejections of globalization resulted from personal economic appetite. [178]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The number of newspaper articles that tend to be negative increased from 10% of total newspaper articles in 1991 to 55% in 1999.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This increase occurred during a time when the total number of articles on globalization had almost doubled. [177]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Numerous international polls show that the population of developing countries tends to favor globalization more. [179]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The BBC found that more and more developing world societies think globalisation is going too fast.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In some countries such as Mexico, Central America, Indonesia, Brazil, and Kenya, the majority of people actually feel that globalization is going too slowly. [180]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Philip Gordon said that, “[as of 2004] the majority of European citizens believe that globalisation can enrich their lives, and believe that the EU can help them exploit the advantages of globalisation while protecting them from its negative effects. “[181]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

More rejection came from socialists, environmental groups, and nationalists.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

EU residents did not appear to feel threatened by globalization in 2004.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The EU jobs market is more stable and less likely to cut wages/benefits for its workers.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The social budget in the European Union is higher than that of the United States. [182]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In a 2007 Danish poll, 76% of respondents answered that globalization is something good. [183]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Fiss, et al., satirized the United States public opinion in 1993.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Their survey showed that in 1993 more than 40% of respondents were unfamiliar with the concept of globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

When this survey was conducted again in 1998, 89% of respondents had a split view of globalization, some were good and some were bad.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

At the same time, the discourse on globalization began in the financial community before turning to a heated debate between supporters and opponents among students and workers.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Polarization of opinion increased dramatically after the WTO was formed in 1995; these events and subsequent rallies gave rise to a larger anti-globalization movement. [177]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Initially, highly educated workers were most likely to support globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Less educated workers, who are more worthy of competing with immigrants and workers in the developing world, tend to oppose globalization.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The situation changed post the 2007 financial crisis.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to a 1997 poll, 58% of university graduates said that globalization was good for the United States.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2008, only 33% of university graduates said that way.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Respondents whose last high school education also opposed globalization. [178]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to Takenaka Heizo and Chida Ryokichi, as of 1998 there was a perception in Japan that their economy was “small and fragile”.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Japan is minimal in resources and uses export activities to buy raw materials.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This unease over their position conjures terms such as internationalisation and globalization into everyday conversation.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

However, Japanese tradition has given priority to fulfill the needs of oneself at all, especially in terms of agriculture. [184]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Circumstances could have changed post the 2007 financial crisis.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The BBC World Public Poll conducted in 2008 as the crisis occurred showed that denial of globalisation in developed countries was on the rise.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The BBC poll asks whether or not globalisation is growing too fast.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Positive answers were more numerous in France, Spain, Japan, South Korea, and Germany.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The trend of rejection in these countries appears to be stronger than in the United States.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The poll also attributed a tendency to the notion that globalization is proceeding too fast to the perception that economic vulnerability and social disparities continue to rise. [180]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Many parties in the developing world view globalization as a positive driver that lifts them from the snarls of poverty. [185]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Opponents of globalization usually combine environmental problems with nationalism.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

They regarded the government as an agent of neo-colonialism subservient to multinational corporations. [186]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

This kind of criticism comes from the middle class.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Brookings Institute argues that criticism arises because the middle class sees low-income groups of people whose upward social mobility threatens their economic security. [187]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Although many critics blame globalization for the decline of the middle class in developed countries, the middle class is growing fast in developing countries. [188]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Accompanied by urbanization, the growth of the middle class further widened the prosperity gap between cities and villages. [189]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2002, 70% of India's population lived in the countryside and depended on natural resources for daily activities. [186]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

As a result, community organizations in the countryside often feel objected to the process of globalization. [190]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The nonprofit organization Reporters Without Borders annually releases its Press Freedom Index, which is a ranking of countries in the world based on press freedom records in the previous year.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The index reflects the level of freedom enjoyed by journalists, news agencies, and netizens in each country, as well as the government's efforts to respect and guarantee these freedoms.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Internet Internet is a product of globalization as well as a catalyst that connects computer users around the world.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

From 2000 to 2009, the number of Internet users worldwide rose from 394 million people to 1.858 billion. [192]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

In 2010, 22 percent of the world's population had access to computer devices with 1 billion Google search entries per day, 300 million blog visitors, and 2 billion videos watched daily on YouTube. [193]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

According to the IDC research institute, the overall size of world electronic commerce, including global business-business and business-consumer transactions, approached US$16 trillion in 2013.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

iDate, another research institute, estimates the global digital products and services market to be worth US$4.4 trillion in 2013.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The Oxford Economics report adds both numbers to peg the size of the overall digital economy at $20.4 trillion, equivalent to roughly 13.8% of the world's sales activity. [194]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Although many claim Internet commerce brings economic benefits, there is also evidence that some elements of the Internet such as maps and location-based services can drive economic disparities and digital gaps. [195]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Electronic commerce may be responsible for the consolidation and disappearance of household businesses (mom and pop, brick and mortar) resulting in an increase in income gap. [196] [197] [198] An online community is a virtual community that exists on the Internet, and its members can make it exist by taking part in membership rituals.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Major socio-technical changes could result from Internet social networking. [199]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Population growth The world's population has continued growth since the end of the Great Famine and Black Plague of 1350 at a figure of 370million. [200]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The highest growth rate— the world's population growing above 1.8% per year— briefly occurred in the 1950s and somewhat later in the 1960s and 1970s. The growth rate peaked at 2.2% in 1963, and fell to 1.1% in 2011.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Total annual births were high at the end of the 1980s or about 138million inhabitants. [201]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The birth rate is estimated to hold at 2011 levels of 134million people.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The death rate stands at 56million people per year and is expected to rise to 80million inhabitants per year by 2040. [202]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Current projections indicate a rise in population numbers (but the growth rate is falling slowly) and the world population is expected to reach 7.5 and 10.5billion by 2050. [203] [204] The head of the International Food Policy Research Institute, stated in 2008 that dietary changes Gradually among the new rich is the most important factor driving the rise in world food prices. [205]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

From 1950 to 1984, as agriculture transforms around the world through the Green Revolution, wheat production rose by more than 250%. [206]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

The world's population increased by 4billion people since the beginning of the Green Revolution.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Without the Green Revolution, there would have been greater famine and malanutrition than currently documented by the United Nations; some 850 million people suffered from chronic malanutrition in 2005). [207] [208] Concern arises regarding rising soil erosion rates as more and more land is cultivated using Mechanical equipment, chemical fertilizers, and other tools. [209] [210] [211] With the abundant consumption of seafood by humans in the past 30 years shrinking ponds and destroying marine ecosystems, humans need to realize to create a sustainable seafood supply. [212]


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Population growth, dwindling energy sources, food scarcity will produce a “perfect storm” by 2030 according to the UK government's chief scientist, John Beddington.


Question: When was Michael Dell born?

Globalization

Beddington noted that the world's food reserves are at their lowest point in the past 50 years and the world will need 50% more energy, food, and water by 2030.. [213] [214] The conditions of forest logging and soil erosion in the Sahel area south of the Sahara are severe. [215]