Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In 718 A.D. King Srivijaya Sri Indravarman after during the time of the caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz (717 - 720 AD) (Umayyad dynasty) once sent a letter with Umar bin Abdul Aziz at once mentioned his title with 1000 elephants, the host caretaker in the court of 1000 princesses, and children The king is under the umbrella of the banner.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

His Majesty thanked the gift from the Caliph of the Children of Umayyads. [5]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In this regard, Hamka cited the opinion of SQ Fatimi which compares with The Forgotten Kingdom Schniger that indeed what is meant is Sriwijaya about the Takus Estuary, which is close to the area with many elephants, namely Mount Suliki.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Moreover, in the framework of the former temple there, an elephant statue that is presumably worth in aana.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The year of the letter mentioned Fatemi that he was mentioned 718 AD or 75 Hijri.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

From there, Hamka stated that Islam had come to Indonesia since the first century of Hijri. [6]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In addition, the fact that can not be ignored is that the existence of the book izh-harul Haqq fi Genealogy of King Ferlak written by Abu Ishaq al-Makrani al-Fasi who originated in Makran area, Balochistan calls that the Kingdom of Perlak was founded in 225 AH/847 AD ruled successively by eight sultan. [7]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The refutation of 13 century Indonesian Sign Islamic Theory through Gujarat Merchants The theory of Islam in Indonesia 13 century through Gujarat traders, in the opinion of most people, is not true.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

If true, of course, Islam will develop mostly in Indonesia is the flow of Shi'ah because Gujarat at that time was Shia, but the reality of Islam in Indonesia dominated Shafi'i Mazhab.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Another refutation is evidence of the emergence of Islam in the early days with evidence of Tarikh Nisan Fatimah binti Maimun (1082M) in Gresik. [8]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Colonial period In the 17th century AD or in 1601 the Dutch East Indies kingdom came to the archipelago to trade, but in later developments they colonized this area.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The Dutch came to Indonesia with its chamber of commerce, the VOC, since then almost all of the archipelago's territory was controlled except Aceh.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

At that time between the Islamic kingdoms in the archipelago has not had time to form alliances or cooperation.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

This is what caused the process of spreading da'wah to be truncated.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

With the sumuliayatul (perfection) of Islam for which there is no separation between certain aspects of life and others, this has been applied by scholars of the time.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

When colonization came, the scholars turned the boarding school into the headquarters of the struggle, the students (students of the boarding school) became jundullah (army of God) who were ready to fight the invaders, while the clergy became warlords.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The potentials grew and developed in the 13th century into a force of resistance against invaders.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

This can be proven by the existence of the wisdom during the Islamic kingdom whose verses contain calls for struggle.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Scholars decried jihad against the Dutch invaders.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In the late 19th century, an ideology of Islamic renewal emerged that Jamal-al-Din Afghani and Muhammad Abduh emerged.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The Minangkabau scholars who studied in Cairo, Egypt played a lot in spreading these ideas, among them were Muhammad Djamil Djambek and Abdul Karim Amrullah.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Islamic renewal that grew so rapidly supported by the establishment of renewal schools such as Adabiah (1909), Diniyah Putri (1911), and Sumatra Thawalib (1915).


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In 1906, Tahir bin Jalaluddin published the update newspaper al-Iman in Singapore and five years later, in Padang published the dwi-weekly newspaper al-Munir. [9]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Demographics Most of the Islamic ummat in Indonesia are in Western Indonesia, such as in the islands of Sumatra, Java, Madura and Borneo.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

As for the Eastern region, many Muslims are settled in Sulawesi, West Nusa Tenggara, and North Maluku and certain enclaves in East Indonesia such as Alor, Fakfak, Haruku, Banda, Tual and others.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The procurement of transmigration from Java and Madura that was massively carried out by the Suharto administration for three decades to the eastern regions of Indonesia has led to an increase in the number of Muslims there.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Islamic architecture is very much influential on building architecture in Indonesia.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Betawi house is one of them, is a form of building architecture that is influenced by Islamic complexion.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

On one of the Q&A forums on the Muslim Era website [10], it was mentioned that Betawi House which has a wide terrace, and there is a bale-bale for gathering place, is one of the architectural features of Islamic civilization in Indonesia.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Mosque JMPL|250px|Masjid Raya Medan al Ma'shun, is one of the characteristics of Islamic architecture building in Indonesia The mosque is a place of Muslim worship that can be found in various places in Indonesia.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

According to the data of the Institute of Ta'mir Masjid Indonesia, currently there are 125 thousand mosques managed by the institution, while the number as a whole based on the data of the Department of Religion in 2004, the number of mosques in Indonesia as many as 643,834 pieces, this number increased from the data of 1977 a total of 392,044 pieces.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

It is estimated that the number of mosques and mushala in Indonesia is currently between 600-800 thousand pieces. [11]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

According to the statement of Komjen Pol Syafruddin Deputy Ketum Board of Mosques Indonesia said according to the data in 2017, that Indonesia has about 800 thousand mosques.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In that, the management of mosques in Indonesia is different from mosques in other countries.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The government does not directly build and manage mosques, but through self-help, as well as in terms of management. [12]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Pesantren education is one of the Islamic education systems in Indonesia with distinctive and unique characteristics, it is also considered the oldest education system in Indonesia. [13]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the Ministry of Religious Affairs is the responsible holder of religious education and religious education preparing a strategic plan established through the Decree of the Minister of Religion No. 39 of 2015.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The things that are there are then poured into the formulation of the duties and functions of the Directorate of Education Diniyah and Pondok Pesantren Kemenag according to Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 42 of 2016.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The scope of services of the Directorate of Education of Diniyah and Pondok Pesantren includes formal education, which includes formal education, muakan education unit, and ma'had 'ali.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Non-formal diniyah education includes madrasah diniyah takmiliyah, Quran education, and equality education programs as well as boarding schools as organizers and educational units. [14]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In addition, in Islamic education in Indonesia also known the existence of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (basic), Madrasah Tsanawiyah (advanced), and Madrasah Aliyah (intermediate).


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

For the level of Islamic universities in Indonesia is also advancing along with the times, this can be seen from the continued variety of Islamic universities.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Almost every province in Indonesia can be found by the State Islamic Institute as well as some other Islamic universities such as State Islamic University (UIN) with different names based on the names of past Islamic broadcasting figures such as in Makassar with the name of State Islamic University Sultan Alauddin is abbreviated (UINAM).


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Based on data from the Directorate General of Islamic Education at the beginning of 2018, out of 326,327 Islamic educational institutions under house, 76.1% or 248,290 institutions are education diniyah and boarding school.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Divided into 28,194 boarding schools, 84,966 madrasah diniyah takmiliyah, as well as 135,130 Quran education.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The remaining 23.9% other Islamic educational institutions are divided into raudhatul athfal (27,999), madrasah ibtidaiyah (24,560), madrasah tsanawiyah (16,934), madrasah aliyah (7,843) and religious colleges (756).


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

It does not include a number of educational institutions in the form of equality education program at boarding school (1,508), formal diniyah education (59), muakan education (80), and ma'had 'aliy (29). [14]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Then talk about other statistics, out of a total of 2,378,566 educators, 63% or 1,4999,859 teaching in education diniyah and boarding school.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

These teachers are responsible for 18,196,034 students or 64.2% of all Islamic education students (28,324,088 persons). [14]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Politics With the majority Muslim population, politics in Indonesia is inseparable from the influence and role of Muslims.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

This political revival began among the Hajj who brought news of French attacks on Morocco, Libyan Muslims attacked, and Egyptian nationalist movements against British imperialists.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

It also shaped the faithful feelings of fellow Muslims, and stirred an imprecation of European colonialism and imperialism. [15]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

However, Indonesia is not an Islamic country, but there are some areas that are given privileges to implement Islamic Shari'a, such as Aceh.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Along with the 1998 reforms, in Indonesia the number of Islamic political parties grew.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In the 1999 election, 17 Islamic parties—namely 12 Islamic parties and 5 other parties with Islamic and Pancasila—participated in the election.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Their readiness in terms of administration—except PPP which is old—is admirable considering that they can follow all the requirements of elections that are quite strict, similar that each party must have branches in at least 14 provinces.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Nevertheless, the entire Islamist party lost far to the PDI which raked in about 34% of the vote. [16]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

In that election, the PPP won 11,329,905 votes (10.7 percent) and was entrenched in third place, [17] therefore the United Development Party won the top 5.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

The Star Moon Party was able to form its own faction even though only 13 members, and the Justice Party only gained 7 House seats. [16]


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

If previously there was only one Islamic political party, namely the United Party of Development - as a result of the government's policy limiting the number of political parties, in the 2004 election there were six political parties based on Islam, namely United Development Party, Prosperous Justice Party, Party Reform Star, National Mandate Party, Nation Awakening Party and Star Moon Party.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

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Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

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Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

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Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

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Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

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Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Munjid, Achmad.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

“” () (Opinion) The Jakarta Post.


Question: Who brought Islam into Indonesia?

Islam in Indonesia

Friday September 14, 2012.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Michael Gerard Tyson aka Malik Abdul Aziz (born June 30, 1966, New York City, United States) is a professional boxer and former heavyweight champion.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

His highly promising career was hampered by numerous criminal cases.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Mike Tyson's internationally nickname is “Iron Mike”, referring to his strong, iron-like posture.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Some other mass media preferred to refer to him as “The Baddest Man on Earth”, referring to his bad wars, both inside and outside the boxing ring.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

While the Indonesian press was more happy to refer to Tyson as “Si Neck Beton” referring to Tyson's neck circle in his prime that was extra large than normal size, and looked so sturdy.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The most beautiful youth Born in the factory area of the KIIC Bronx, New York City, Tyson was one of the most feared boxers for his brutality.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He got out of the children's prison and was removed from school.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He was later pulled out of bad boy school by renowned boxing trainer, Cus D'Amato, because he saw the potential and talent that existed in Michael Gerard Tyson.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Career and life journey In an instant of becoming a famous star Mike Tyson's career started from amateur boxing, before taking his way into professional boxing, after losing numbers in amateur boxing qualifiers to the Olympics to Henry Tillman.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Mike Tyson competed professionally his first time on March 6, 1985 in Albany, New York.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He won in the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He then boxed 15 more times in 1985, winning all his matches by knockout, and almost all of them in the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He competed 12 times in 1986, skyrocketing in the rankings of boxers and attracting mass media attention.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

On November 22, 1986 Tyson got his first chance to clinch the title, fighting Trevor Berbick for the WBC version of the heavyweight.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Two rounds later, at age 20, Tyson became the world's youngest heavyweight world champion.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 1987, Tyson defended the title against James' Bonecrusher 'Smith on March 7 in Las Vegas, Nevada.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He won numbers and added his WBA title courtesy of Smith to his collection.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

'Tyson mania' exploded in the mass media.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He defeated Pinklon Thomas in May by knockout in the sixth round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

On 1 August he captured the IBF title from Tony Tucker by winning numbers to become a “true heavyweight world boxing champion” (Note: “true champion” refers to three title champions across three world boxing commissions: WBA, WBC and IBF).


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

After that he only boxed once more in 1987 against 1984 Olympic champion Tyrell Biggs in October, winning knockout in the seventh round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson competed three times in 1988, against veteran boxer and former heavyweight champion Larry Holmes on January 22 with a fourth-round TKO win; against Tony Tubbs in Tokyo in March, a second-round knockout; and against Michael Spinks who was foreshadowed to be Tyson's heavy opponent, on June 27, actually fell knockout in just 90 seconds of the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Controversy In addition to his achievements in the boxing world, Tyson's personal problems were also exposed by the press. Her marriage to Robin Givens headed toward divorce, in a household that was less than harmonious and peppered with numerous cases of domestic violence.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Later Tyson remarried Dr. Monica Turner who gave him several children, but the family fell apart.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

There was also a lot of news regarding the alleged that the contract was rigged by Don King and Bill Cayton, which eventually led to a split between them.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

During 1989, Tyson only competed twice: against Frank Bruno where he won in the fifth round and against Carl Williams in July by knockout in the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 1990 Tyson lost his orientation, his personal life was chaotic, and he did not train properly.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In a fight on February 11 with not well known boxer James' Buster 'Douglas he lost by knockout on the 10th round, although by the 8th round his manager protested against the referee for 'too slow count'.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

As a result Tyson lost his champion belt which Douglas seized.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

His next two fights in 1990 aroused his confidence when he won by knockout in the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 1991 Tyson fought with Donovan “Razor” Ruddock twice, once in March and then June.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Both of these bouts are remembered for Tyson's “jailhouse” remarks to his opponent.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He said to Ruddock, “Everyone knows you are snout, and you have a crush on me.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

I'll make you my girlfriend.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

I can't bear to beat up beautiful people like you”.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The first fight Tyson won in the 7th round contained controversy but on the second fight, which Tyson fielded while waiting for a fight against new champion Evander Holyfield, Tyson won by numbers.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Rape, imprisonment, and afterward Tyson were tried in Indiana on rape charges of a 1991 Miss Black America game participant named Desiree Washington on January 27, 1992.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson was found guilty of rape on February 10 and jailed for 3 years.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

(According to Indiana law, an accused who is found guilty of a crime must immediately serve a term of sentence in prison as soon as the sentence is handed down).


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

As a result, Tyson did not fight again until 1995.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

As the opening fight after he got out of jail, he fought Peter McNeeley in August and defeated Buster Mathis Jr. in three rounds in December 1995.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In March 1996 Tyson won a championship belt when wresting the WBC title from stride-heavy Frank Bruno in three rounds.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In September 1996 Tyson won back the WBA title in 93 seconds from Bruce Seldon, after paying Lennox Lewis $4 million US dollars to 'get out'.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson was criticized by many for fighting boxers who were so unqualified.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

For example, it was said that the McNeeleys' “opponents” generally lost in 3/4 of their fights.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Mathis is an unqualified opponent, a boxer whose punches are not hard and whose only fame is simply that even his father was once a boxer who fought against Joe Frazier and Muhammad Ali.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Seldon was booed for his defeat in the first round against Tyson as he was struck by a very light punch.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Many accuse him of being just scared so he just gave up.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Officially converted to Islam, in 1995, after a prison in Indiana, Mike Tyson announced he had embraced the religion of Islam he had learned during his time in prison.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson's Muslim name is Malik Abdul Aziz.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Bout with Holyfield On November 9, 1996 he faced a tougher challenge from Evander Holyfield, in a fight that was over 11 rounds.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Holyfield won by TKO and became a three-time world champion.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson did not fight again until June 1997 when there was a highly anticipated rematch against Holyfield on June 28 to contest the WBA title.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson was disqualified in round three, when he became enraged at being hit by a ramming by Holyfield and fighting without his gum protection rubber, he bit a piece out of Holyfield's ear.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

When referee Mills Lane warned him, Tyson attacked Holyfield's other ear.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

On July 9 Tyson was suspended for a year from boxing and fined $3 million.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Career slump In January 1999 Tyson fought with Frans Botha, a South African boxer.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

At first Botha controlled the fight, but Tyson landed a crashing punch in the 5th round knocking Botha out.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

On February 5 Tyson was sentenced to one year in prison, a $5,000 fine, and ordered to serve two years of probation custody and perform 200 hours of community service for his August 31, 1998 attack on two men following his car accident.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He served 9 months of custody.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

When ejected, he fought with Orlin Norris on Oct.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In a lying scene, Norris admitted he sprained his ankle during the first round and refused to continue the fight.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 2000 Tyson fought three times.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The first was done in England against Julius Francis, although a number of fans felt that Tyson should have the argument before the fight, whether Tyson should be allowed into the UK, was more interesting than the knockout in the second round Francis experienced.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He also fought with Lou Savarese in June in Glasgow, and won on the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Then in October he won in the 3rd round against Andrew Golota, who was notoriously dirty.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The outcome of the match was later deemed void when Tyson failed in undergoing tests for the use of stimulating drugs relating to his fight.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 2001 he only fought once defeating Brian Nielsen in Copenhagen by TKO in the 7th round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson attempted to fight Lennox Lewis in 2002 in Nevada, but the Nevada boxing commission refused to grant him a permit to compete because he faced possible sexual assault charges.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson's remarks against Lewis were far more sickening than he had said before “I want to eat your heart and then your kids too,” he yelled.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The uproar at a news conference finally abolished a fighting chance in Nevada.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

That fight eventually took place June in Memphis, Tennessee.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson lost a knockout in the 8th round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

On February 22, 2003, Tyson hit a challenger Clifford Etienne in 49 seconds entering the first round, also in Memphis.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The meeting before the fight was scuppered by rumors that Tyson was not fit enough to fight and that he left during rehearsals to party in Las Vegas and have a new tattoo on his face.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Reaching low point In August 2003, after years of financial struggles, Tyson finally went bankrupt.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

His bank account has been said to amount to only about 5,000 dollars.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Amid his entire economic troubles, he was crowned Ring Magazine at number 16 among the entire best hitters of all time in boxing history in 2003.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

On July 31, 2004 Tyson faced unseen Englishman Danny Williams at another 'come-back' match held in Louisville, Kentucky.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson dominated the opening 2 rounds.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The 3rd round was more series, with Williams who got a few clean hits as well as a bit of an invalid one, for which he was convicted.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In the 4th round Tyson was surprisingly defeated.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He was trying to compete on 1 leg because his leg was torn.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Williams delivered more than 20 unrequited hits even though Tyson didn't seem hurt by those blows.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Looks like he just staggered and when he was hit to fall, he didn't try to get back up.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Here was Tyson's 5th career defeat.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson nicked the bone-belting in his knee during the first round.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

He underwent surgery 4 days after the game.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

His manager Shelly Finkel stated that Tyson could not throw a meaningful right hand after an injury to the knee.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

His career was completely exhausted after on June 11, 2005 giving up a round 7 TKO over Kevin McBride.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson decided to resign at round 7, after experiencing frustration at difficulty mastering Mc Bride who was considered a lightweight opponent.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Earlier, at the height of his frustration, Tyson head-butted his opponent deliberately, and resulted in his value being cut by 2 figures by referee Joe Cortez.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

After this match, Tyson announced his resignation from the boxing world.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Had appeared several times in the four-round exhibitions match in 2006, even had been ogled by promoter Muhammad Arsyad to compete exhibitions in the Chris John match, but until now Tyson's gait is rarely heard.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Trivia The youngest heavyweight world champion at 20.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson's record stands at 50 wins, 5 lost and 2 no-decisions, with 44 knockouts.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 1987, at a party, famed philosopher A.J. Ayer found Mike Tyson flirting with Naomi Campbell and asked Tyson to stop.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson said “Do you know who I am the f*ck?


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

I am the heavyweight champion of the world.”


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Ayer replied “And I am the former Wykeham Professor of Logic!.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

We are both very superior in our fields; I propose that we talk about this man who seems rational.”


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 1989, Tyson was awarded the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Overseas Personality Award.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Mike Tyson added to his record against a wrecked car in Scottsdale, Arizona after a night of nightcap.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Then he was detained when he was training for a game in March.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson was the organizer of a WWF match at WrestleMania XIV on March 29, 1998 for which he pretended to be a member of D-Generation X and ended hitting Shawn Michaels and made a 3 count for Stone Cold Steve Austin to win the WWF Championship and Michaels.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Kameo and parody In The Simpsons, boxer (and convicted villain) “Drederick Tatum” is clearly demonstrated on Mike Tyson.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In 1987, Nintendo launched Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!! , and the NES game based on the arcade game “Punch Out!!” , although there was later a version launched in 1990 that replaced Mike Tyson with a fictitious character, “Mr. Dream” after Nintendo's license with Mike Tyson ran out.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

It is considered to be one of the best games that the NES has launched, and is highly regarded until now.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

In the Japanese version of Capcom's Street Fighter II series, Balrog is called Mike Bison, as a parody of Mike Tyson, likely called by the full name “Michael Gerard Bison.”


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Capcom USA renamed the Shadaloo Grandmasters approximately for the American version to avoid a possible legal case from Mike Tyson.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The character originally named after Balrog was re-named Vega.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

The character originally named after Vega was named back after M. Bison.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Appeared as a guest star on the film Rocky Balboa or Rocky VI (2007).


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Acting Main in American comedy series The Hangover part I-II, 2009-2011 Main in the movie IP Man 3 as Frank, 2015 Reference Links outside Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

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Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

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Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson


Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

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Question: What is the name of Michael Gerard Tyson's wife?

Mike Tyson

Tyson, Mike Tyson, Mike Tyson, Mike Tyson, Mike Tyson, Mike Tyson, Mike Category:Figures who converted from Christianity


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Corporation () is an electronics company based in Tokyo, Japan.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Now, Sony is the world's largest electronics manufacturer, and one of the largest companies in Japan and the world.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Company is traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange under the number 6758 and the New York Stock Exchange as SNE through ADR.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony's history was founded on May 7, 1946 under the name of Tokyo Telecommunications Company with about 20 employees.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Their first consumer product was a rice cooker in the late 1940s. As Sony grew as a major international company, it bought other companies with a longer history including Columbia Records (the oldest surviving record company founded in 1888).


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

When Tokyo's Tsushin Kogyo was looking for a name already romanized (not in Japanese language nor writing) to market their company, they considered strongly to use their abbreviation, TTK.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

The reason they didn't choose him was because there was a Tokyo Kyuko railway company that was then known as TKK.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

The name “Sony” was chosen as a composite of the Latin word sonus, which is the root of sonic and sound, and the English word sonny (“little boy”) which after combined means a small group of young people who possess energy and willpower towards the creation and innovation of an unfettered idea.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

At that time, it was very strange for a Japanese company to use Roman letters to spell its name, let alone the use of phonetical scripts used in Japanese writing (rather than using Chinese scripts).


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

And in 1958 the company began to formally adopt the name "Sony Corporation" as the name of the company.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Easy to use and easy to spell in all the world's languages.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony's name echoes the spirit of freedom and openness in innovation.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

This move got an issue; the bank that was a sponsor of TTK at the time, Mitsui had strong feelings towards the name.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

They wanted a name like Sony Electronic Industries, or Sony Teletech.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

But Akio Morita's establishment remained steadfast, because he did not want his company's name to be related to any industry either.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Finally, the Chairman of Bandai and President Masaru Ibuka gave his approval.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

In 1988, Sony purchased CBS (Columbia) Records Group from CBS.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

It was later named “Sony Music Entertainment”.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

In 2000, Sony had sales of US$63 billion and 189,700 employees.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony acquired Aiwa company in 2002.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony also has television channels in India and channels aimed at the Indian community in Europe.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Sony's standards are historically notable for often imposing standards of their own creation for recording and storage technologies, which often differ from other companies or from trends on the market.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Most famous of all was the videocassette format wars of the early 1980s, when Sony marketed their Betamax system for videocassette recorders against the JVC-made VHS format.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Ultimately, VHS gained a place in the wide market and became the world standard for home video cassette players and Sony was forced to relent.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony continued to try the same tactics with the technology of their later creation; for example their digital recording format, Minidisc was encouraged to be a replacement for audio cassette while its rivals opted for CD-R and MP3.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony is also using massively their MemoryStick memory modules for digital cameras and other portable equipment, which little other companies use.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony also tried to compete with the Iomega zip drive and Imation Superdisk through their home-made HiFD but failed big.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Developments On 20 July 2004, the European Union approved a 50-50 merger between Sony Music Entertainment and BMG.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

The new company will be named Sony BMG and will be with fellow RIAA Universal, control 60% of the world music market.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

On 13 September 2004, a Sony-led consortium finalized an agreement to buy renowned film studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer for US$5 billion, including US$2 million in debt.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Pictures Entertainment film productions, including: Columbia Pictures TriStar Pictures Mandalay Entertainment (non-full ownership) Phoenix Pictures (non-full ownership) Sony Pictures Classics Sony Pictures Entertainment Columbia-Tri Star Home Video Truimph Films Screen Gems Sony/ATV Music Publishing Sony Music Entertainment Columbia Records - popular music Epic Records - popular music Legacy Recordings - Sony Classical rare recordings - Sony Nashville classical music - Sony Wonder country music - Sony Wonder country music - children and family entertainment Sony Mobile Mobile Business Sony Computer Entertainment - PlayStation Notable products The products below are products marketed by Sony: Reel-to-reel tape recorders Video cassette recorders: Betamax Betacam Computer: VAIO CLIÉ Video game device: PlayStation (aka PSOne) PlayStation 2 (aka PS2) PlayStation 3 (aka PS3) PlayStation Portable PlayStation Portable GO PSTwo PlayStation 4 Computer printer: Sony PictureStation DPP-EX50 Portable media: MiniDisc Memory Stick HiFD Robot: Aibo Qrio Personal stereo: Walkman Discman Television: BRAVIA LCD TV FD Trinitron LCD WEGA Grand WEGA Projector: Cineza Camera: Cyber-shot DSLR α (Read:alpha) Video camera: Handycam Ebook Sony Librie EBR-1000EP Sony Xperia Sony Smartphone in Indonesia PT.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Indonesia (Sales & Marketing Company) was founded in 1995.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Their headquarters are in Gedung Sentra Mulia South Jakarta.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony once had two factories in Cibitung, namely PT.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Electronics Indonesia and PT.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Sony Manufacturing Indonesia, but has been closed.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

In the world of music, Sony (in this case the name is Sony Music) has made a massive merger with record company BMG into Sony BMG Music Entertainment Indonesia (now Sony Music Entertainment Indonesia).


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Shareholders The following shareholders as of March 2004: Moxley and Co. (12.5%) Stéphane Béart (10.5%) Japan Trustee Services Bank, Ltd. (Trust Account) (5.3%) The Master Trust Bank of Japan, Ltd. (Trust Account) (4.2%) The Chase Manhattan Bank N.A. London (3.6%) State Street Bank and Trust Company (1.3%) Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (0.9%) The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. (0.8%) SEGA Schweizerische Effekten-Giro AG (0.8%) Clearstream Banking S.A. (0.8%) Nichido Fire and Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. (0.8%) See also ATRAC Sony Connect Sony Ericsson Shifting Outer Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

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Question: where is Sony PlayStation headquarters?

Sony

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. (in Indonesian) Category:Multinational Companies Category:Japanese Electronics Companies Category:Tokyo-based companies Category:Companies established in 1946 Category:Semiconductor Companies


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Under the United States Constitution, the President of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the state of the United States.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

As head of the executive branch and head of the federal government as a whole, the president is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the United States Armed Forces.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

The President is elected indirectly for a four-year term by the Commission (referred to as English: Electoral College) or by the House of Representatives (English: House of Representatives) if the Electoral College fails to determine an absolute majority of votes for each candidate.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Since the ratification of the 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951. [1]


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

The President must be at least 35 years old and “born” a citizen of the United States.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

This list includes only persons who were sworn in as president after ratification of the United States Constitution, which went into effect on March 4, 1789, not included in the coverage of the President of the Continental Congress. [2]


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

List of Presidents Records Positions occupied after serving as President Four former Presidents of the United States occupied a post upon completion of serving as President.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Several former Presidents of the United States who failed to occupy a post after finishing serving as President.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

In addition, one former president, John Tyler, served within the government of the Confederate States during the American Civil War.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Tyler occupied a post within the Provisional Confederate Congress from 1861 to 1862.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Tyler was elected a Member of the American Condeferential House of Representatives in November 1861, but Tyler died before occupying the post.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

See also United States History United States Politics List of United States figures Continental Congress List of Vice Presidents of the United States Reference Biodata of world president Donal Trump Outlink Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: who is the fifth president of America?

List of President of the United States

— Internet Public Library Category:Presidents of the United States Category:Presidents lists


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland (English: Scotland /ˈskt.lənd/; Scottish Gaelic: Alba [ˈalapə] (listen)) is a constituent country of the official country of the United Kingdom. [8] [9] [10] Covering the northern third of the Island of Great Britain, Scotland borders the United Kingdom to the south, the North Sea to the east, Ocean Atlantic to the north and west, as well as the North Strait and Irish Sea to the southwest.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In addition to the main mainland, Scotland also comprises 790 more islands, [11] including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. [12]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Edinburgh was once the centre of the Scottish Enlightenment in the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the industrial, mercantile, and intellectual powers in Europe.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, [13] was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and is currently located in the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scottish waters comprise a large number of sectors [14] of the North Atlantic and North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the EU.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Because of this, Aberdeen, Scotland's third largest city, is nicknamed the oil capital of Europe. [15]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Kingdom of Scotland became an independent sovereign state in the Early Middle Ages and was still standing until 1707.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

After James VI, King of Scotland inherited the thrones of England and Ireland in 1603, Scotland was politically united with the Kingdom of England on 1 May 1707, which later formed the Kingdom of Great Britain. [16] [17] This unification was authorised through an Act of Unification agreed by The two countries' parliaments in 1707, followed by the opposition of the Scottish people and the outbreak of anti-unification riots in Edinburgh, Glasgow, and elsewhere. [18] [19] The Kingdom of Great Britain then also united politically with the Kingdom of Ireland on 1 January 1806 and formed the Kingdom of Great Britain United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Although incorporated in a single sovereign state, the Scottish legal system is separate from the legal system used in England and Wales as well as Northern Ireland; Scotland has different public law and private law jurisdictions to other constituent countries of the United Kingdom. [20]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The separation of Scotland's legal, educational and religious institutions from the rest of Britain's constituents contributed to Scotland's cultural continuity and national identity since the Unification of 1707. [21]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Following the 1997 referendum, a devolutive legislative body was formed named the Scottish Parliament in 1999.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This Parliament has broad authority to deal with Scottish domestic affairs which is not the authority of the United Kingdom.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In May 2011, the Scottish National Party won absolutely in parliament and plans to carry out the independence referendum [22] on 18 September 2014. [23]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The results of this referendum show that the majority of the people of Scotland reject independence from the United Kingdom. [22] [23] [24] Scotland is a member state of the Britain—Ireland Council, [25] the Britain—Ireland Parliamentary Assembly, and also takes part in the Common Travel Area agreement. [26]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland is also represented in the European Union and has six members of the European Parliament. [27]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Etymology The word “Scotland” comes from Scoti, Latin for Gaelic (Gaelic).


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Late Latin word Scotia (land of the Gaelic peoples) was originally used to refer to Ireland. [28]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the 11th century, Scotia began to be used to name the Gaelic-speaking inhabitants who dwelt to the north of the River Forth, along with Albanian or Albany, both derived from the Gaelic language, Alba. [29]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The use of the word Scots and Scotland to refer to the entirety of the region that today becomes Scotland began in the Late Middle Ages. [16]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Early Historical History The modern region that today becomes Scotland has undergone repeated glaciation, exuding entire traces of life that may have existed before the Mesolithic period.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The first group of hunter-gatherer humans and food gatherers are believed to have arrived in Scotland roughly 12,800 years ago, after the deterioration of the ice sheet in the late glaciation period. [30] [31] Groups of settlers first began establishing permanent homes on the Scottish mainland around 9,500 years ago, and then started forming villages 3,500 years later.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Villages whose condition is quite well maintained one of them is in Skara Brae, Orkney, which dates from this period.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Neolithic dwellings, treats, and ritual sites with well-preserved conditions are also present in the North Island and West Island, although the lack of trees causes most structures to turn into rock. [32]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Ancient tombs and 4000 year old treasures found at Forteviot, near Perth, the capital of the Kingdom of Pict in the 8th and 9th centuries, are an unparalleled prehistoric find in Great Britain.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The tomb contains the remains of Scottish rulers of the early Bronze Age period hoarded with white quartz stones and pebbles.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The discovery also proves that for the first time, humans laid flowers on their tombs in the early Bronze Age. [33] [34] Scotland is thought to have participated in trade activity in the late Bronze Age, known as the Atlantic Bronze Age.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This trade also involved other Keltic peoples, as well as taking place in the territories that today make up England, France, Spain, and Portugal. [35] [36] [37] [38] In the winter of 1850, a violent storm that hit Scotland caused severe damage and the fall of more than 200 casualties soul. [39]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In Skaill Bay, the storm avalanched the land of the Skerrabra hills.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

When local villagers cleared the remnants of the storm, they found rural debris consisting of a number of small roofless houses. [39] [40] William Watt, the local village leader, immediately began excavations at Skaill Bay, but these excavations were halted in 1868. [40]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The site remained untouched and was briefly looted in 1913. [39]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1924, a storm once again swept through the site and after that it was decided that the prehistoric site should be protected and researched. [39]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This work was mandated to Professor of the University of Edinburgh, Vere Gordon Childe, who first visited the site site in mid-1927. [39]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Roman influence The protohistoric period of Scotland began with the arrival of Roman Empire troops to central and southern Britania Island.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Romans occupied the territory that today became England and Wales and made it the Province of Britannia.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

At this time, the Romans also occupied southern Scotland.jmpl|left|Edinburgh Castle.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Human settlements at this place are thought to have begun to be built in the 9th century BC, although the form of the settlement is still unknown.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

According to the Roman historian Tacitus, in the time of Roman Britania, the Caledonian army “held armed resistance on a large scale” to attack Roman fortresses and fought with the legionaries.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In a surprise attack during the night, the Caledonian army barely swept away the entire legion until it was rescued by Agricola's cavalry. [41]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 83—84 AD, General Gnaeus Julius Agricola defeated the Caledonian army in the Battle of Mons Graupius.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Tacitus writes that before the battle, the Caledonian leader, Calgacus, made a speech to his troops.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

He referred to his army as the “last free” people, and accused the Romans of having “made the world into a wilderness and called it peace”. [41]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

After the Roman victory, Roman fortresses were established along the Gask Ridge.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Three years later, the Roman army retreated to the Southern Uplands. [42]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Romans built Hadrian's Wall to control the indigenous tribes that dwelt on each side of the wall, [43] and Limes Britannicus was designated as the northern border of the Roman Empire's dominions.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Romans also built the Antonine Wall in the Central Lowlands, but this wall was not long lived and only survived from 208-210 during the reign of Emperor Septimius Severus. [44]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Roman military occupation became an important part in Scottish history.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Although it only lasted for 40 years and only managed to occupy southern Scotland inhabited by Britonic tribes such as the Votadini and Damnonii, Roman influence was still considerable well into the 1st and 5th centuries.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The term Hen Ogledd (“Old North”) in the language of Wales is used by pundits to refer to the territories that today make up Northern England and Southern Scotland when inhabited by Britonic peoples in 500-800 AD. [43] According to writings dating back to the 8th and 9th centuries, the Gaelic Kingdom The name Dál Riata was founded in the 6th century in western Scotland. [45] [46] The 'traditional' theory states that the kingdom was founded by Irish entrants, who took part in bringing Gaelic language and culture with them.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

However, recently archaeologists have opposed this theory, stating that there is no archaeological evidence or place-naming proving that the region was overrun by a small group of inhabitants. [47]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Middle Period JMPL|Ka|straight|Pictish stone replica of the Pictish Kingdom located in Fortriu in the 16th century was a kingdom that would later become the forerunner of “Alba” or “Scotland”.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

According to historian Peter Heather, the flourishing of “Pictland” was a natural form of response to Roman imperialism. [48]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Other opinions state that the development of this kingdom was triggered by the success of the Battle of Dun Nechtain during the reign of Bridei m.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Buy (671—693), and then continued by the reign of Óengus mac Fergusa (732—761). [49]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Kingdom of Pict began to take shape in the early 8th century.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Beda writes that this kingdom reached its heyday during the reign of Aleksander I. However, by the 10th century, the Pictish kingdom began to be dominated by a culture later known as Gaelic culture, and it was traditionally believed that Ireland had conquered the ancestors of the dynasty's successors Pict, Cináed mac Ailpín (Kenneth MacAlpin). [50] [51] [52] Starting from a base in the eastern region of Scotland, precisely to the north of the River Forth and to the south of the River Oykel, Pict's kingdom slowly also began to expand its territory to central and southern Britania Island.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the 12th century, the kingdom of Pict managed to take control of the English territories to the southeast, as well as the Gaelic regions of Galloway and the Norse in Caithness; by the 13th century, the kingdom had taken control of the territories that today make up Scotland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In this time there was also a process of cultural and economic change beginning in the 12th century.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This change took place during the reign of David I through the Davidian Revolution.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Feudalism, government reorganization, and legal recognition of cities (called burghs) began in this period.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

These changes, as well as the rampant immigration coming from England and France, led to a change in Scottish culture.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The inhabitants dwelling in lowland and coastal Scotland began to use English, while the rest retained Gaelic, including the North Island and Shetland, which remained ruled by the Norse until 1468. [53] [54] [55] Scotland experienced a period of glory and success between the 12th and 14th centuries, with relatively peaceful relations with England, the flourishing of education and trade with continental Europe, and the birth of a number of renowned philosophers such as John Duns Scotus.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The death of Alexander III in March 1286, overtaken by his granddaughter Margaret, gave rise to a lineage of Scottish monarchy that had endured for centuries while simultaneously tearing down 200 years of golden age that began since the reign of David I. Edward I of England was required to decides the rightful heir to the throne, and he stages a process known as the Great Cause to determine who is the most legitimate heir to the Scottish throne.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

John Balliol was declared king of Scotland in the hall of Berwick Castle on 17 November 1292 and crowned on 30 November at Scone.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Meanwhile, Edward I, who crowned himself Lord Paramount, continued to cart away at John's reign. [56]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1294, Balliol and other Scottish nobles refused Edward's demands requesting that a Scottish army fight for England in resisting the French.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scottish Parliament instead sent an envoy to France to conduct negotiations.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland and France finally signed a cooperation agreement on 23 October 1295, known as the Auld Alliance (1295-1560).


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

War broke out and King John was deposed by Edward I, who promptly seized control of Scotland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Andrew Moray and William Wallace then led the resistance against the English in the events known as the War of Scottish Independence (1296—1328). [57]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The struggle of the Scottish people changed after Rober Bruce, Earl Carrick, killed his rival, John Comyn, on 10 February 1306 at Greyfriars Kirk, Dumfries. [58]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

He was crowned the new king under the power-wielding name Robert I less than seven weeks later.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Robert I fought to restore Scottish independence for more than 20 years, reclaiming Scottish lands from English colonists part-by-plot.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

His victory in the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 proved that Scotland had succeeded in recapturing his kingdom.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1315, Edward Bruce, brother of Robert I, was briefly appointed High King of Ireland after the Scots invaded Ireland in his efforts to strengthen positions in warfare against England, but this invasion failed.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1320, Scottish independence was legalised through the Declaration of Arbroath.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This declaration was the world's first declaration of independence, which at the time was endorsed by Pope Yohannes XXII and led to England legally recognising Scottish sovereignty.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Warfare with Britain continued to fray for decades after Bruce's death.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The civil war between the Bruce and Comyn-Balliol dynasties lasted until the mid-14th century.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Although the Bruce dynasty won the battle, David II had no successors.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Therefore, his step-nephew, Robert II, was appointed successor to the throne and established the Stewart Dynasty. [54] [59] Stewart ruled Scotland for the rest of the Middle Ages.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

During his reign, Scotland experienced rapid prosperity in the late 14th century with the onset of the Scottish Enlightenment and the Scottish Reformation. [59] [60] In this period, relations between France and Scotland reached their peak.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scots Guard — la Garde Écossaise — was formed by Charles VII in 1418.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scottish soldiers of the Garde Écossaise fought alongside Joan of Arc against the English in the Hundred Years' War. [61]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In March 1421, French-Scottish forces under the lead of John Stewart and Gilbert de Lafayette defeated an English army in the Battle of Baugé.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Three years later, in the Battle of Verneuil, the French and Scots lost about 7,000 warriors. [62]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland's participation in the war scene contributed to France's victory against England.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Early modern era In 1502, James IV of Scotland signed a Treaty of Eternal Peace with Henry VII of England.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

He also married Henry's daughter, Margaret Tudor.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

For Henry, this marriage became a kind of Unification of the Crown that gave Tudor new powers. [63]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

A decade later, James, with French help, decided to invade England.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

He was the last Scottish king to fall in battle, namely in the Battle of Flodden. [64]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The communion between Scotland with France ended with the opening of the Edinburgh Tractate in 1560.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

France agreed to withdraw all its troops from the plains of Britain.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the same year, John Knox determined to turn Scotland into a Protestant state and the Scottish Parliament began to revoke papal authority over Scotland. [65]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Mary, the Catholic Queen of Scots and former queen of France, was forced to abdicate in 1567. [66]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1603, James VI, King of Scotland inherited the thrones of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Ireland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

He moved his court from Edinburgh to London and ruled under the name James I of England and Ireland. [67]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

With exceptions during the time of the Protectorate, Scotland remained a separate and independent kingdom from the Kingdom of England, although there were conflicts between the kingdoms and the Covenanters in connection with the establishment of church government.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Great Revolution that erupted in 1688—1689 led to the overthrow of James II of England (or James VII of Scotland) by the English Parliament in favour of William and Mary.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the late 1690s, Scotland was beset by famine calamities, which reduced the country's population by almost 20 percent. [68]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1698, Scotland attempted an ambitious project to take control of a trading colony on the Isthmus of Panama.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Almost all of the Scottish folk who have money are rumoured to have invested in the project, known as the Darien Scheme.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This colonization failed, and the owners of the capital went into bankruptcy.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Ultimately, this failure of colonisation was instrumental in the unification of Scotland with England at a later date. [69] [70] On 22 July 1706, the Tract of Uniting was agreed by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland, and a year later, the Uniting Act was passed by both parliament to create the Kingdom of Great Britain, which came into effect on 1 May 1707. [17]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The 18th century The passing of trade duties with England made Scottish trading activity even more flourishing, especially with the American colonies.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The ship belonging to Glasgow Tobacco Lords became the fastest ship on the cruise route towards Virginia.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Until the American War of Independence in 1776, Glasgow was the world's major tobacco port and dominated world trade. [71]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The wealth gap between the merchant class from the Scottish Lowlands (Lowland) and the ancient clans from the Scottish Highlands (Highland) gave rise to differences over the centuries.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Stuart Jacobite who had been deposed remained popular in the northeastern highland region, especially among non-Presbyterian, including Roman Catholics and Episcopalian Protestants.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

However, the two Jacobite Resurrections that took place in 1715 and 1745 failed to remove the Wangsa of Hanover from the throne of Britain.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The threat from the Jacobite against Great Britain and its kingdom ended in the Battle of Culloden, the last battle of the throne Britain faced.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This defeat led to the occurrence of a massive expulsion of the indigenous population from the Highland and Islands, known for the Plateau Cleansing events.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scottish Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution made Scotland one of intellectual, trade, and industrial forces [72] —as Voltaire put it, “We emulate Scotland for our whole ideas of civilization”. [73]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

With the collapse of the Jacobite and the rise of the Union, thousands of Scots, especially the lowland inhabitants, filled various posts in politics, civil servants, the land and navy, the economy, on colonial enterprises, and other fields throughout the Imperium Britannia.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Historian Neil Davidson states “after 1746 there were new tiers with respect to the participation of Scots in political life, especially outside Scotland.”


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Davidson also stated “far from being 'peripheral' of Britain's economy, Scotland—or the Lowlands more appropriately—rests on Britain's core. “[74]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The 19th century Scottish Reform Act 1832 increased the number of Members of the Scottish Parliament and expanded the right to include more middle-class circles in government. [75]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

From the mid-19th century there was an increase in the number of Home Rule (local regulations) passed for Scotland, and the post of Secretary of State for Scotland was reconstituted. [76]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

By the end of the 19th century, there were several Prime Ministers who bleed Scotland, namely William E. Gladstone, [77] and Earl Rosebery. [78]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the late 19th century, the growth of the labouring class intensified, typified by Keir Hardie's victory in the 1888 Mid Lanarkshire general election.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This victory led to the founding of the Scottish Labour Party, which merged with the Independent Labour Party in 1895, with Hardie as its first leader. [79]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Glasgow became one of the largest cities in the world, and was nicknamed the “Second City Imperium” after London. [80]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Clydeside steamyard was built in 1860, specifically producing iron steamships (after 1870 made of steel), which quickly replaced the use of wooden sailing ships of the merchants and navies of the world.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The yard became the world's leading shipbuilding center. [81]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Industrial development, which spawned wealth and jobs, was not accompanied by housing development, urban planning, and providing adequate health care for the community.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Living conditions in large cities are poor, with high overcrowding and infant mortality and rising tuberculosis rates. [82]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Although the Scottish Enlightenment was considered to have ended towards the 18th century, [83] Scotland's contribution to British literature and science nevertheless continued for the next 50 years thanks to figures such as physicists James Clerk Maxwell and Lord Kelvin, and inventors and industry experts such as the physicists James Watt and William Murdoch, whose works were instrumental in the development of the Industrial Revolution throughout the United Kingdom. [84]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In literature, the most successful figure of the mid-19th century was Walter Scott.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

His inaugural prose work, Waverley in 1814, is often referred to as the first historical novel. [85]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

He made a very successful career and helped define and modify Scotland's cultural identity in the 19th century. [86]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

By the end of the 19th century, a number of Scottish-born writers had achieved international fame, including Robert Louis Stevenson, Arthur Conan Doyle, J. M. Barrie, and George MacDonald. [87]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland also played an important role in the development of art and architecture.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Glasgow School, developed in the late 19th century and triumphed in the early 20th century, has spawned distinctive fusion arts, including the Keltic Revival Arts and Crafts Movement, and Japonism, which is glorified in the world of European modern art and also helped define the Art style Nouveau.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Meanwhile, famous Scottish architects and artists from this period include Charles Rennie Mackintosh. [88]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In this period there was a process of rehabilitation of Highland culture.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the 1820s, along with the rise of Romanticism, tartan and kilts were worn by the social elite, not only in Scotland but also throughout Europe, [89] [90] which was boosted by the popularity of Ossian poetry by Macpherson, [91] [92] and followed by the novel Waverley by Walter Scott. [93]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Despite this, the people of Highland are still intransigent and very backward. [94]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The British government's determination to expand farmland led to the expulsion of residents dwelling in Highland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Many Highland residents were evicted or forced to relocate because their land was taken to be utilised as sheep farming.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The expulsion of Highland residents was triggered by changing agricultural patterns across mainland Britain, as well as a lack of legal protection for them. [95]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

As a result of this, there was a prolonged exodus of Highland residents to major cities, especially to England, even further to Canada, the United States, or Australia. [96]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland's population increased rapidly in the 19th century, from 1,608,000 in 1801 to 2,889,000 in 1851, and swelled to 4,472,000 in 1901. [97]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

On the other hand, industrial growth is not enough to generate decent jobs.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

As a result, during the period 1841—1931, about 2 million Scots migrated to North America and Australia, and another 750,000 moved to England. [98]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

After years of fighting for the Kirk (Scottish church), in 1834 the Evangelicals managed to grab control of the church from the General Assembly and passed the Veto Act, which permitted the congregation to reject “interference” information unwanted by the patron.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The “Ten Year Conflict” that took place afterward in connection with political and legal disputes ended with the defeat of nonintrusionists in the civil courts.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

As a result, nonintrusionists led by Dr. Thomas Chalmers broke away from the church; these events became known as the Great Chaos of 1843.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

One third of religionists, mostly from the North and Highland, founded the Free Church of Scotland. [99]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In the late 19th century, disputes between fundamentalist Calvinist followers and theological liberals led to a split in the body of the Free Church after the Calvinists took place and established the Free Presbyterian Church in 1893. [100]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Catholic emancipation in 1829 and the influx of large numbers of Irish immigrants after being hit by famine calamities in the late 1840s, especially to Lowland centres such as Glasgow, resulted in the changing fortunes of Catholic adherents.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 1878, although opposed, the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church was returned to the state, and Catholicism slowly became a significant denomination in Scotland. [100]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Industrialization, urbanization, and the Chaos of 1843 led to the hampering of the development of parochial schools.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Since 1830, the state began to fund the construction of schools; then in 1846 school headings were funded directly by sponsors; and in 1872 Scotland emulated the English education system which funded most schools run by school boards. [101]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The historic University of Glasgow became one of the pioneers of the higher education system in Britain by providing educational needs for young men from urban and commercial circles, not just for the upper class. [102]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

St Andrews University became the first Scottish university to accept daughter pupils.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scottish universities accepting and admitting women graduates continued to increase well into the early 20th century. [103]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Early 20th century Scotland played an important role for Britain's struggles in World War I, particularly in providing soldiers, ships, machinery, food, and money. [104]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

With a population of 4.8 million in 1911, Scotland sent half a million more soldiers to the battlefield, a quarter of whom were either killed in battle or due to disease, and the remaining 150,000 were seriously wounded. [105]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig acted as Britain's commander on the Western Front.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The war led to the rise of a radical movement named “Red Clydeside” led by trade union militants.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The industrial estate and headquarters controlled by the Liberal Party transitioned into Labour-owned in 1922, centred on the Catholic working-class districts of Ireland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Women are also actively involved in building solidarity in housing issues.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

However, the blossoming group of “Reds” within the body of the Labour Party and a modicum of influence in Parliament led to slumping Labour influence by the end of 1920. [106]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The redevelopment of the shipping industry fell short of expectations.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Instead, a severe depression hit the Scottish economy in 1922 and did not fully recover until 1939.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The interwar period was characterized by economic stagnation in rural and urban areas, as well as high unemployment. [107]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

War does have profound repercussions in social, economic, cultural, and political spheres.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

However, Scottish notables began to reflect on their slump, particularly over the problems of ill health, unfit housing, and long-term mass unemployment.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Employment abroad to serve the British Imperium no longer appealed to ambitious young circles, who instead went to leave Scotland permanently.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Its enormous dependence on heavy industry and mining is a major problem of stagnation in the Scottish economy, and neither side has offered the best solution.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

This situation, according to Finlay (1991) reflected “the widespread sense of despair that led business people and political leaders to accept the new orthodoxy of centralized government economic planning in the time of World War II. “[108]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

At the time of World War II, Scotland again experienced little prosperity, although Scottish cities were ramped up as a result of bombing waged by the Luftwaffe.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In this time, the rise of Scotland was marked by the invention of radar by Robert Watson-Watt, which was of great benefit in the Battle of Britain, as well as the role of RAF Fighter Command Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding. [109]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Since 1945 after 1945, Scotland's economy has been worse due to tight overseas competition, inefficient industry, and industrial disparities. [110]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

It is only in recent decades that the country has only been able to enjoy a cultural and economic renaissance.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Economic factors contributing to this revival include the growing financial services industry, electronics manufacturing (see Silicon Glen), [111] and the North Sea gas and oil industry. [112]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The introduction of the Community Tax (or Levy Tax) by Margaret Thatcher's 1989 administration a year earlier than any other country in the United Kingdom led to the development of movements supporting Scotland directly entitled to control its own domestic affairs. [113]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Following the devolution plan referendum in 1997, the Scotland Act 1998 [114] was passed by the Parliament of the Exchequer, which then established a devoluted Scottish Government and Parliament authorising most legislation specifically reserved for Scotland. [115]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Reigning and politics The head of state of Scotland is the king/queen of the Exchequer, currently Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952).


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The power-wielding name “Elizabeth II” sparked controversy at the time of her coronation because Scotland had never previously been ruled by Elizabeth I. Elizabeth I ruled England and Ireland when Scotland was still an independent country.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The case made it to court, known as the case of MacCormick v.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Lord Advocate (1953 SC 396), who sued the Queen for using the name Elizabeth II and held that this was a breach of Article 1 of the Tract of Uniting.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The kingdom won the case.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The court ruled that the next lord of the monarchy of Great Britain had the right to use a numbering corresponding to the predecessor of the English or Scottish monarchy, meaning the numbering would be higher. [116]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

For example, a future king named James would use the regnal name James VIII, since the last James to rule Scotland was James VII (or James II in England), as well as the next king Henry, who would bear Henry IX's regnal name throughout Britain and Commonwealth, although no Scottish king was named Henry.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland has limited self-government within the United Kingdom, as well as representation in the Parliament of Great Britain.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Executive and legislative powers are devolved (devolution) to the Scottish Government and the Scottish Parliament domiciled at Holyrood, Edinburgh.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Nevertheless, the Parliament of the Exchequer still has power over certain affairs which are not intended to be the authority of the Government and the Parliament of Scotland, in accordance with the Scotland Act 1998, for example such as Britain's tax vote, social security, defence, relations overseas, and broadcasting. [117]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scottish Parliament has legislative authority over all issues associated with Scotland, including limited authority to levy income tax.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 2008, in an interview on the BBC Scotland television station, prime minister Gordon Brown stated that the Scottish Parliament would be given more authority to levy taxes. [118]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scottish Parliament may give legislative consent to the affairs lavished upon it and submit it back to Westminster through the ratification of a Legislative Consent Motion if the legislation of the Exchequer is deemed more appropriate to deal with such affairs.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Because the Scottish Parliament has the right to pass legislation, the provision of public services in Scotland is different from England which has no devolutive rights.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

For example, Scotland liberates the cost of higher education and health care for the old age population, whereas the UK does not.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland was the first United Kingdom country to implement smoking ban regulations in enclosed public places. [119]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scottish Parliament is a unicameral legislative body of 129 MPs (MP), 73 of whom represent their respective constituencies and are elected via the majority vote electoral system, while the remaining 56 represent eight different electoral districts elected by the system additional members.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Members of the Scottish parliament held office for four years (except in the period 2011—2016).


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Queen of the Exchequer appoints one of the Scottish MPs nominated by Parliament to be First Minister.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Whereas other ministers are appointed by the First Minister to assist in the implementation of his policies.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Together, they form the Scottish Government, which acts as an executive body. [120] JMPL|Ka|Bute House, the official residence of the First Minister of Scotland, is located at 6 Charlotte Square, Edinburgh In the 2011 general election, the Scottish National Party (SNP) formed a majority government after winning 69 of the 129 seats in Parliament.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

It was the first majority government since the modern Scottish Parliament was formed in 1999.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The SNP leader, Alex Salmond, was appointed First Minister.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scottish Labour Party is the main opposition party, along with the Conservative Party, Liberal Democrats, and Green Party, which also have representation in parliament.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Margo MacDonald is the only independent MP to sit in the Scottish Parliament.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The next Scottish Parliament general election will be held on 5 May 2016.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The draft Scotland Act, submitted by the Calman Commission to the Council of the People of Great Britain, proposes the impending of greater powers to Scotland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Although the bill must still be passed as legislation, the Scottish National Party believes that it will not grant considerable powers to the Scottish Parliament. [121]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Within the People's Council of the United Kingdom (House of Commons), Scotland is represented by 59 MP's elected from the constituency area of Scotland.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scotland Office plays as the representative of the government of the Exchequer in Scotland and also represents Scotland's interests in the government of the Exchequer. [122]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The Scotland Office is headed by a Secretary of State for Scotland who sits in the Cabinet of the Exchequer; the current Secretary of State is Michael Moore.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The administrative division of JMPL|Ka|Glasgow City Chambers, seen from George Square Historic administrative units of Scotland include the mormaerdom, stewartry, earldom, burgh, parish, county, as well as region and district.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Some of these names are still used as geographical designators.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Modern Scotland is subdivided into various administrative units for a variety of purposes.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Within local government, there are 32 council areas since 1996, [123] with councils having uniter authority to provide all local government services.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

A community council is an unofficial organisation representing a particular council area.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Within the Scottish Parliament, there are 73 constituencies and eight regions.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

As for the Parliament of the United Kingdom there are 59 constituencies.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Until 2013, Scotland's fire and police forces were adapted to the region system introduced in 1975.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

For health care issues, postcode numbering, as well as the division of governmental and nongovernmental organizations such as churches, Scotland uses the old division for administrative purposes.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The status of cities in the United Kingdom is established by letters patent. [124]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

There are seven places in Scotland that have become city status, namely Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness, Stirling, and Perth. [125]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Administrative division of Scotland Inverclyde Renfrewshire West Dunbartonshire East Dunbartonshire Glasgow East Renfrewshire North Lanarkshire Falkirk West Lothian Edinburgh Midlothian East Lothian Clackmannanshire Fife Dundee Angus Aberdeenshire Aberdeen Moray Highland Na h-Eileanan Siar Argyll and Bute Perth and Kinross Stirling North Ayrshire East Ayrshire South Ayrshire Dumfries and Galloway South Lanarkshire Scottish Borders Orkney Shetland Scotland in Great Britain Throughout its history, devolution policies have been advocated by the three main parties in the United Kingdom with various enthusiasm.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

The last Labour Party leader, John Smith, argued that the establishment of a Scottish Parliament was “the will of the Scottish people”. [126]


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

Scotland's constitutional status has continued to be a source of debate over the years.


Question: Is the name of Scotland's capital?

Scotland

In 2007, the Scottish Government formed a “National Conversation” to talk about constitutional issues, which proposed a number of options such as increased authority of the Scottish Parliament, federalism, or the conduct of a referendum on Scottish independence from Great Britain.