Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

TV is considered the easiest and inexpensive entertainment means so many Indonesians still depend on entertainment programs that exist in television stations.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

The development of entertainment programs in Indonesia is also very diverse with competition between television stations is also getting tougher.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Here are some examples of entertainment programs on Indonesian television.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Soap operas.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Soap soap operas are still one of the most favorite entertainment impressions in Indonesia.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

From the beginning of its emergence until now, soap operas have always received the top spot as the most watched program.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Soap operas also have the development of the genre according to its era at that time.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

In addition to original soap operas in local production, some soap operas outside also had to decorate the glass screen of Indonesia, among others telenovela (soap operas from Latin America), Korean/Asian dramas, Hollywood dramas to Indian and Turkish soap operas are quite popular lately. [11]


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Musical events.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Music events also have quite varied development.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

In the past, there was a special music broadcast called MTV Indonesia that aired music content in the form of video clips, popular charts and speech titles with music actors at that time.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Then came the era of live music events on TV that are now still broadcast every morning such as DahSyat and Inbox.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Reality show.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

This type of entertainment event is also growing rapidly in Indonesia.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Reality shows have always had a place in the hearts of Indonesian audiences.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Indonesian television broadcast type JMPL|Production of Hikmah Fajar program in RCTI in 2004. jmpl|Broadcast device in RCTI broadcast car.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Terrestrial TV was started with the establishment of the first television station in Indonesia.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Indonesia had only one television channel until the establishment of another, RCTI was the first private television in Indonesia.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Currently, the main national free-to-air terrestrial television stations in Indonesia are TVRI, RCTI, SCTV, MNCTV, antv, Indosiar, MetroTV, Trans TV, Trans7, TVOne, GTV, Kompas TV, NET., RTV, and iNews.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Analog terrestrial television in Indonesia is currently broadcast using PAL-B/G system with stereo NICAM sound.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Since the first quarter of 2011 the rules allow the viewing of digital television in conjunction with analog television in some areas.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Indonesia adopted DVB-T format but decided to change to DVB-T2 on 1 January 2012.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Satellite Satellite television has been available in Indonesia since Indovision which was established on 8 August 1988 and officially launched on 16 January 1994.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

On 12 December 2017 Indovision's company name changed its name to MNC Vision.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Since the technology for satellite television has changed from analog to digital.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Satellite television in Indonesia uses DVB-S format. To date, there are more than five pay-satellite TV operators such as Indovision, Transvision, TOP TV, YestV, Aora TV.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

BiG TV and OkeVision.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Free satellite TV is available nationwide via various satellites, such as Palapa-D and Telkom-3S satellites.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Kabel PT Broadband Multimedia Tbk was the first operator for cable TV in Indonesia under the brand name “Kabelvision” on January 16, 1994.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

In 2006, the company launched Digital 1 along with technology changing from analog to digital.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

The company then changed its corporate name to PT First Media Tbk on September 8, 2007 and also launched a new brand, the name First Media.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Cables are now only available in Jabodetabek, Surabaya, Malang and Bandung.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Cable TV in Indonesia uses DVB-C format. Mobile Mobile TV has two categories, free-to-air and Pay TV.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Free-to-air TV was available for many years in Indonesia.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Free-to-air is to use technologies such as UHF/VHF analogues.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Now free-to-air TV has adopted digital technology.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

In Indonesia, free-to-air TV uses DVB-H format. There is only one Mobile Pay TV operator in Indonesia.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

Mobile TV is currently only available in Jakarta.


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

List of terrestrial television channels Most viewed channels Most viewed channels in Q1 2012. [12]


Question: Is the first television brand made in Indonesia?

Television in Indonesia

See also List of television stations in Indonesia Electronic Cinema Indonesian Culture Reference


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة العباسية, al-khilāfah al-'abbāsīyyah) or Banu Abbasiyah (Arabic: العباسيون, al-'abbāsīyyūn) was the second caliphate of Islam ruling in Baghdad (now the capital city of Iraq).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The caliphate grew rapidly and made the Islamic world the center of world knowledge.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This caliphate came to power after seizing it from the Banu Umayyads and subjugating all its territories except Andalusia.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Children of Abbasids are referred to the descendants of the youngest uncle of the Prophet Muhammad, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muthalib (566-652), therefore they also belong to the Children of Hashim.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In power starting in 750 and moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It flourished for three centuries, but slowly dimmed after the rise of the Turks who were formerly part of the army of the caliphate they formed, and were known as Mamluk.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During 150 years of taking power bypassing Iran, the caliphate was forced to hand over power to local dynasties, often called amirs or sultans.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Surrendered Andalusia to the descendants of the fleeing Banu Umayyads, the Maghreb and Ifriqiya to the Aghlabiyads and the Fatimiyads.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

His total fall in 1258 was due to an attack by the Mongols led by Hulagu Khan that destroyed Baghdad and left none of the knowledge accumulated in Baghdad's library.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Descendants of the Bani Abbasids include the al-Abbasi tribe today many residing in northeastern Tikrit, present-day Iraq.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Introduction of Anin and azzam, In the beginning Muhammad ibn Ali, great-grandson of Abbas ran a campaign to restore the powers of government to the Bani Hashim family in Parsi during the reign of Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Subsequently during the reign of Caliph Marwan II, this opposition further peaked and finally in 750, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah succeeded in razing the Umayyad Daulah and was subsequently sworn in as caliph.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Bani Abbasids managed to hold the caliphate's power for three centuries, re-consolidating Islamic-style leadership and fertilizing the science and cultural development of the Middle East.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But in 940 the caliphate's power shrank when non-Arabs, particularly the Turks (and later followed by the Mamluks in Egypt in the mid-13th century), began to gain influence and began to secede from the caliphate.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Nonetheless, the caliphate persisted as a symbol uniting Muslims.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During his reign, the Banu Abbasids claimed that their dynasty was unrivaled.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But later, Said ibn Husain, a Shia Muslim from the Fatimiyyyah dynasty claimed to be from the descendants of his daughters the Prophet Muhammad, claimed himself as Caliph in 909, resulting in dual power arising in areas of North Africa.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At first he controlled only Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Later, however, he began to expand his area of power all the way to Egypt and Palestine, before finally the Banu Abbasyiah managed to retake the areas they had previously controlled, leaving only Egypt as the area of power of the Bani Fatimiyyah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Fatimiyyyah dynasty then collapsed in 1171.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Whereas the Banu Umayyads could survive and continue to lead the Muslim community in Spain, then they claimed back the title of Caliph in 929, until it was finally dropped back in 1031.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Towards the golden peak of the Abbasid Khilafah is a continuation of the earlier khilafah of the Banu Umayyads, where the founder of this khilafah was Abdullah al-Saffah ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdullah ibn al-Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The patterns of governance applied by Daulah Abbasiyah vary according to political, social, and cultural changes.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

His dominion lasted over a long span of time, from 132 H (750 AD) to 656 H (1258 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Based on changing patterns of governance and politics, historians usually divide the reign of Daulah Abbas into five periods: the First Period (132 AH/750 AD - 232 AH/847 AD), called the period of first Persian influence.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Second Period (232 H/847 AD - 334 H/945 AD), is called the period of the first Turkish influence.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Third Period (334 AH/945 AD - 447 AH/1055 AD), the time of rule of the Bani Buwaih dynasty in the reign of the Abbasid khilafah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This period is also called the period of the second Persian influence.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Fourth Period (447 AH/1055 AD - 590 H/L194 AD), the time of the rule of the Bani Seljuk daulah in the reign of the Abbasiyah khilafah; it is usually also referred to as the period of the second Turkic influence (under control) of the Seljuk Sultanate (salajiqah al-Kubra/the great Seljuk).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Fifth Period (590 AH/1194 AD - 656 AH/1258 AD), the caliph's period was free from the influence of other dynasties, but his power was only effective around the city of Baghdad and ended by invasions from the Mongols.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the first period of rule Bani Abbas reached its golden age.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Politically, the caliphs were actually powerful figures and were centers of political and religious power at once.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

On the other hand, people's prosperity reaches its highest level.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This period also successfully prepared the foundation for the development of philosophy and science in Islam.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But after this period ended, the rule of Bani Abbas began to decline in politics, although philosophy and science continued to evolve.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The reign of Abu al-Abbas, the founder of the dynasty was very short, namely from 750-754 A.D. Subsequently succeeded by Abu Ja'far al-Manshur (754-775 AD), who violently confronted his opponents mainly from the Banu Umayyads, the Khawarij, and also the Shi'ah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In order to strengthen his power, large figures who might become rivals to him one by one were sidelined.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Abdullah bin Ali and Salih bin Ali, both of whom were his own uncles who were appointed governors by the previous caliphs in Syria and Egypt were killed for not being willing to take him, al-Manshur ordered Abu Muslim al-Khurasani to do so, and then sentenced to death Abu Muslim al- Khurasani in 755 AD, as it was feared that it would be a contender for him.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At first the capital of the state was al-Hasyimiyah, near Kufah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, to further solidify and maintain the stability of the newly established state, al-Mansyur moved the capital of the state to his newly built city, Baghdad, near the former capital of Persia, Ctesiphon, in 762 A.D. Thus, the center of government of the Bani Abbas dynasty was in the middle of the Persians.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In this new capital city al-Manshur carried out consolidation and enforcing his government, among them by creating a kind of executive and judicial institution.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of government, he created a new tradition by elevating the Vizier as coordinator of the existing ministries, the first Vizier to be appointed was Khalid bin Barmak, originally from Balkh, Persia.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He also established state protocol agencies, secretaries of state, and state police in addition to restyling the armed forces.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He appointed Muhammad ibn Abdurrahman as a judge on the state's judicial institutions.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The supervisory post that had existed since the time of the Bani Umayyad dynasty improved its role with additional duties.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

If it used to be just to deliver the mail.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During the time of al-Manshur, the post was assigned to collect all information in the areas so that the state administration could run smoothly.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The directors of the post service were tasked to report the behavior of the local governor to the caliph.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Caliph al-Manshur attempted to reconquer areas previously liberated from the central government, and establish security in the border areas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Among these efforts were to seize strongholds in Asia, the city of Malatia, the region of Coppadocia and Cicilia in 756-758 A.D.To the north its reinforcements crossed the mountains of Taurus and approached the Bosphorus strait.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

On the other hand, he made peace with emperor Constantine V and during the truce of 758-765 AD, the Byzantines paid annual tribute.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

His armies also faced off against Khazar Turkic forces in the Caucasus, Daylami on the Caspian sea, Turks in other parts of the Oxus, and India.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During this time of al-Manshur, the sense of caliph again changed.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He said: Innama anii Sulthan Allah fi ardhihi (verily I am the power of God on His earth) Thus, the concept of khilafah in his view and continued into the generations afterwards is a mandate from God, not of man, nor merely a prophet's continuation as it was during the time al- Khulafa' al-Rasyiduun.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, distinct from the Bani Umayyad daulates, the Abbasid caliphs wore “throne titles”, such as al-Manshur, and later this throne title was more popular than the actual name.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

If the foundations of the rule of the Abbasid daulah were laid and built by Abu al-Abbas as-Saffah and al-Manshur, then the golden peak of this dynasty was at seven caliphs afterwards, namely al-Mahdi (775-785 AD), Al-Hadi (775- 786 AD), Harun ar-Rasyid (786-809 AD), Al-Ma'mun (813-833 AD) al- Mu'tashim (833-842 AD), al-Watsiq (842-847 AD), and al-Mutawakkil (847-861 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In al-Mahdi's time the economy began to pick up with an increase in the agricultural sector through irrigation and an increase in mining yields such as silver, gold, copper and iron.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Except that trade transit between East and West also brings a lot of wealth.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Bashrah became an important port.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The popularity of the Abbasid daulah reached its peak during the time of the caliph Harun ar-Rashid (786-809 AD) and his son al-Ma'mun (813-833 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The wealth of the country widely utilized Harun al-Rasyid for social purposes, and established hospitals, physician educational institutions, and pharmaceuticals.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At his time there were at least about 800 doctors.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, public baths were also built.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Welfare, social, health, education, science, and culture and literature are in its golden age.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It was during this time that the Islamic state established itself as the strongest and unchallenged state.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Ma'mun, the successor of Harun ar-Rasyid, was known as a caliph who was deeply in love with the science of philosophy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During his reign, the translation of foreign books was initiated.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In order to translate Greek books, he paid translators from the Christian group and adherents of other religions (wa laa haula wa laa quwwata illaa billaah).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He also established many schools, one of his most important major works being the construction of Baitul Hikmah, a translation center that serves as a college with a large library.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It was during al-Ma'mun's time that Baghdad began to become a center of culture and science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Mu'tasim, the next caliph (833—842 AD), gave the Turks great opportunities to enter in government, their involvement beginning as a bodyguard army.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Unlike during the time of the Umayyad Daulah, the Abbasid dynasty held changes to the army system.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The practice of muslims following the war has stalled.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Soldiers are specially fostered into professional soldiers.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Thus, the military power of the Bani Abbas dynasty became very strong.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Nevertheless, in this period many political challenges and movements disturbed stability, both from among Bani Abbas himself and from outside.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Those movements such as the movements of the remnants of the Bani Umayyads and the internal circles of Bani Abbas, the al-Khawarij revolution in North Africa, the Zindiq movement in Persia, the Shi'ah movement, and inter-nation conflicts and streams of religious thought, can all be quelled.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

From the above picture the Children of the Abbasids in the first period emphasized the development of Islamic civilization and culture rather than the expansion of territory.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This is the basic difference between the Banu Abbas and the Banu Umayyads.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, there are also prominent features of the Bani Abbas dynasty that were not present in the time of the Umayyads.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

With the move of the capital to Baghdad, the rule of Bani Abbas became distant from Islamic Arab influence.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

While the Bani Umayyad dynasty was very oriented towards Islamic Arabia.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the first and third periods of Abbasid rule, the influence of Persian culture was very strong, and in the second and fourth periods the Turks were very dominant in the politics and rule of this dynasty.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the administration of the state, during the time of Bani Abbas there was a post of vizier, who supervised the heads of departments.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This position did not exist within the government of the Banu Umayyads.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The new professional army was formed during the reign of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Previously, there had been no professional specialized soldiers.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

As outlined above, the peak of the development of Islamic culture and thought occurred during the reign of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, it does not mean that it is entirely derived from the creativity of the ruler of Bani Abbas himself.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Some of these have begun since the beginning of the Islamic awakening.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of education, for example, in early Islam, educational institutions have begun to develop.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At that time, the educational institution consisted of two levels: Maktab/Kuttab and mosque, which is the lowest educational institution, where children know the basics of reading, counting and writing; and where teenagers learn the basics of religious science, such as tafsir, hadith, fiqh and language.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Deepening level, where students who want to deepen their knowledge, go out of the area demanding knowledge to a person or several experts in their respective fields.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

By and large, the science demanded is religious sciences.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

His teaching took place in mosques or in the houses of the clerics concerned.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

For the son of the ruler education could take place in the palace or in the house of said ruler by calling expert clerics there.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

These institutions later flourished during the reign of Bani Abbas, with the establishment of libraries and academies.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The library at that time was more of a university, because in addition to the books, people could also read, write, and discuss.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The development of educational institutions reflects the development and progress of science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This was largely determined by the development of Arabic, both as a language of administration that had been in effect since the time of the Banu Umayyads, and as the language of science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, the progress is at least, also determined by two things, namely: The assimilation between the Arabs and other nations that first experienced developments in the field of science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During the reign of Bani Abbas, many non-Arab nations converted to Islam.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Assimilation takes place effectively and is useful.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Those nations gave a certain stake in the development of science in Islam.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Persian influence, as already mentioned, was very strong in the field of government.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, the Persians were meritorious in the development of science, philosophy, and literature.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Indian influence is seen in medicine, mathematical sciences and astronomy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

While Greek influence came through translations in many fields of science, especially philosophy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Translation movements that take place in three phases.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The first phase, during the time of caliph al-Manshur to Harun ar-Rasyid.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In this phase many translated were works in astronomy and manthiq.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The second phase lasted from the time of caliph al-Ma'mun until the year 300 H. The widely translated books were in philosophy and medicine.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The third phase takes place after the year 300 H, especially after the existence of papermaking.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The fields of translated science are increasingly widespread.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The influence of the advanced culture of the nation, especially through the translation movement, not only brings progress in the field of general science, but also religious science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of tafsir, since its inception have been known two methods, the first interpretation, tafsir bi al-ma'tsur, that is, traditional interpretation by taking interpretations from the Prophet and the Companions.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Second, the interpretation of bi al-ra'yi, which is a rational method that rests more on opinions and thoughts than hadith and companions' opinions.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Both of these methods did evolve during the reign of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But it is clear that the interpretation by the bi al-ra'yi method, (rational interpretation), is strongly influenced by the development of philosophic and science thought.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The same is also seen in fiqh science and especially in theological science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The development of logic among Muslims greatly influenced the development of the two fields of science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The priests of the four law madzhab lived during the reign of the first Abbasids.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Imam Abu Hanifah (700-767 AD) in his legal opinions were influenced by the development that occurred in Kufah, a city in the midst of Persian culture whose community life has reached a higher level of progress.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Therefore, this madhab uses more rational thought than hadith.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

His disciple and at the same time his proponent, Abu Yusuf, became Qadhi al-Qudhat in the time of Aaron ar-Rashid.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In contrast to Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Malik (713-795 AD) used a lot of hadith and traditions of the people of Medina.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The opinion of the two figures of the legal madhab was brokered by Imam Shafi'i (767-820 AD), and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780-855 AD) who restored the madzhab system and the opinion of reason only to the hadith of the Prophet and commanded his disciples to hold on to the hadith of the Prophet and understanding of the companions of the Prophet.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This they did to maintain and purify the teachings of Islam from the cultures and customs of non-Arabs.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Alongside the four founders of the great madzhab, during the reign of Bani Abbas many other mujtahids issued their opinions freely and established his madzhabs anyway.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, because his followers did not flourish, the thought and the madhab were lost with the passing of the ages.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The heretical streams that had existed during the time of the Children of Umayyads, such as Khawarij, Murji'ah and Mu'tazilah existed.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But the development of his thinking is still limited.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Mu'tazilah's rational theology arose at the end of the Bani Umayyad rule.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, his more complex and perfect thoughts were new they formulated during the reign of the first period of Bani Abbas, after a contact with Greek thought that brought philosophic thought and rationalism in Islam.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The greatest formulating figures of Mu'tazilah thought were Abu al-Huzail al-Allaf (135-235 AH/752-849M) and al-Nazzam (185-221 H/801-835M).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ash'ariyah, the traditional stream in theology established by Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (873-935 AD) born during the time of Bani Abbas was also widely affected by Greek logic.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This happened, because al-Ash'ari was formerly a follower of Mu'tazilah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The same is true in the field of literature.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The writing of hadith, also developed rapidly during the time of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

That may be mainly due to the availability of facilities and transportation, making it easier for seekers and hadith writers to work.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The influence of the translation movement is seen in the development of general science, especially in the fields of astronomy, medicine, philosophy, chemistry and history.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the famous astronomical field al-Fazari names as the Islamic astronomer who first composed the astrolobe.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Farghani, known in Europe by the name Al-Faragnus, wrote a compendium of astronomical science translated into Latin by Gerard Cremona and Johannes Hispalensis.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of medicine are known as ar-Razi and Ibn Sina.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ar-Razi was the first figure to distinguish between smallpox disease with measles.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He was also the first to compile a book concerning pediatric medicine.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Afterward, medical science was in the hands of Ibn Sina.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ibn Sina who was also a philosof succeeded in discovering the circulatory system in humans.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Among his works is al-Qoonuun fi al-Thibb which is the most massive encyclopaedia of medicine in history.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the optical field Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haitsami, who in Europe was known by the name Alhazen, was famous as a man who opposed the opinion that the eye sent light to the object being seen.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

According to his theory that later proved the truth was the treasurer who sent light to the eyes.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of chemistry, famous name Jabir ibn Hayyan.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He argued that metals such as tin, iron and copper could be converted into gold or silver by mixing in a particular substance.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of mathematics is well known name Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi, who was also proficient in astronomy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It was he who created the science of algebra.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The word algebra comes from the title of his book, al-Jabr wa al-Muqoibalah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the field of history is well known the name al-Mas'udi.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

He is also an expert in the science of geography.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Among his works is Muuruj al-Zahab wa Ma'aadzin al-Jawahir.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Notable figures in the field of philosophy include al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Ibn Rusyd.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Farabi wrote many books on philosophy, logic, soul, statehood, ethics and interpretation of Aristotle's philosophy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ibn Sina also made many books on philosophy, the famous one of which is ash-Shifa'.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ibn Rusyd, who in the West is better known as Averroes, was widely influential in the West in the field of philosophy, so there is a stream called Averroism.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During this caliphate, the Islamic world experienced a massive increase in the field of science.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

One of the great innovations of this time was the translation of works in the fields of knowledge, literature, and philosophy from Greece, Persia, and Hindustan.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Many groups of thinkers were born this age, many of them are not Islamic and not Arab Muslims.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

They played an important role in translating and developing the work of Greek and Hindu literature, and the science of pre-Islamic times to European Christian communities.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This donation of them led to an expert in Greek philosophy namely Aristotle to be well known in Europe.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, this age witnessed the discovery of geography, mathematics, and astronomy such as Euclid and Claudius Ptolemy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

These sciences were later improved again by some Islamic figures such as Al-Biruni and so on.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Such was the political and cultural progress that Islamic rule had achieved in the classical period, progress that was unmatched at that time.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At this time, political progress went hand in hand with the advancement of civilization and culture, so that Islam reached its golden age, glory and resolation.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This golden age reached its peak especially during the first period of Bani Abbas rule, but after this period ended, Islamic civilization also suffered a period of decline.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Wallahul Musta'an. The Mamluk influence of the Abbasid Caliphate was the first to organize the use of slave armies called Mamluk in the 9th century.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Formed by al-Ma'mun, these slave armies were dominated by the Turks but also heavily filled by Berbers from North Africa and Slavs from Eastern Europe.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This is an innovation because previously used were mercenaries from Turkey.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However the Mamluk army helped as well as complicate the caliphate of the Abbasiyah. due to the various conditions that existed in the Muslims at that time, in the end, this caliphate only became a symbol and even this Mamluk army, known as the Bani Mamalik succeeded in power, which in originally took the initiative to seize the power of the Ayyubiyyah kingdom which at that time was a prolonged hand from the chilafah of Banu Abbas, this was because the rulers of Ayyubiyyah at that time were less assertive in leading the kingdom.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

These Bani Mamalik established their own sultanate in Egypt and moved the capital from Baghdad to Cairo after various attacks from the tartar army and the destruction of Baghdad itself after Mongol attacks under the leadership of Hulagu Khan.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Although ruling the Bani Mamalik still declared themselves under the rule (symbolic) of the caliphate, where the Abbasid caliph remained as head of state.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The influence of Bani Buwaih Another factor that caused the political role of Bani Abbas to decline was the seizure of power in the center of government, by allowing the position to remain held by bani Abbas, because the caliph was already considered a sacred and inviolable religious office, while power can be established in the center as well as areas far from the center of government in the form of small independent dynasties.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Among other factors that caused Bani Abbas's political role to decline was the power struggle at the centre of government.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This was actually also the case with previous Islamic governments.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, what happened to the Abbasid government was different from what happened before.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

During the reign of Bani Abbas, power struggles were frequent, especially early in its founding.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, in subsequent times, as seen in the second period onwards, although the caliph was powerless, there was no attempt to seize the post of khilafah from the hands of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

All there was was an attempt to seize his power by allowing the post of caliph to remain held by Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This happened because the caliph was already considered a sacred and inviolable religious office.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

While power can be established in the center as well as in areas far from the center of government in the form of small independent dynasties.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Turkish army managed to seize the power.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In their hands the caliph is like a puppet who can do nothing.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In fact they were the ones who elected and deposed the caliph according to their political desires.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

After power was in the hands of the Turks in the second period, in the third period (334-447 H/L055 AD), the Abbasid daulah came under the influence of the Shi'ah-understood Banu Buwaih.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The influence of Bani Seljuk After the fall of power of Bani Buwaih into the hands of the Bani Seljuk or Salajiqah Al-Kubro (the Great Seljuk), the position and position of the Abbasiyad caliph was slightly better, at least his authority in the religious sphere was restored even they continued to maintain integrity and security for stem the understanding of Shi'ah and develop the Sunni manhaj professed by them.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Important factors that led to the decline of Bani Abbas at this time, so many regions made free, were: The extent of the Abbasiyyah's sovereign power area while central communication with the region was difficult.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Simultaneously, the level of mutual trust among the rulers and executors of the government was very low.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

With the professionalization of the armed forces, the caliph's reliance on them was very high.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The finances of the country are very difficult because the costs incurred on mercenaries are enormous.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At a time when military power was declining, the caliph was unable to force the delivery of taxes to Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The period of Disintegration (1000-1250 A.D.) As a result of wisdom that emphasizes the development of civilization and Islamic culture than the political issue, certain provinces on the periphery began to escape the grasp of the rulers of Bani Abbas, in various ways including the rebellion was carried out by local leaders and they managed to gain full independence.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Disintegration in the political sphere had actually begun to occur in the late days of the Banu Umayyads.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But speaking of Islamic politics in the historical trajectory, there will be a difference between the Bani Umayyad government and the Bani Abbas government.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Bani Umayyad area of power, starting from the beginning of its foundation until the period of its collapse, aligned with the boundaries of the Islamic power area.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It is not entirely true to apply to the government of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This dynastic dominion was never recognized in Spain and the rest of North Africa, with the exception of Egypt which was intermittent and mostly nominal in nature.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Even in reality, many areas were not controlled by the caliph.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In real terms, those areas were under the rule of governors of the provinces concerned.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

His relationship with khilafah was marked by the payment of taxes.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It is possible that the Abbasid caliphs had been quite satisfied with nominal recognition of certain provinces, with the payment of the tribute.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The reason is: Perhaps the caliphs were not strong enough to make them submit to him. The ruler of Bani Abbas was more focused on the development of civilization and culture than politics and expansion.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

As a result of wisdom that emphasizes the cultivation of Islamic civilization and culture rather than political issues, certain provinces on the periphery began to escape the grasp of the ruler of Bani Abbas.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This can happen in one of two ways: A local leader leads a rebellion and manages to gain full independence, such as the daulah of the Bani Umayyads in Spain and the Bani Idrisiyyah in Marokko.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

One who was appointed governor by the caliph, his standing grew stronger, such as daulah Aghlabiyyah in Tunisia and Thahiriyyah in Khurasan.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

With the exception of the Bani Umayyads in Spain and the Banu Idrisiyyah in Marokko, the provinces at first remained obedient to pay tribute as long as they watched Baghdad stabilize and the caliph was able to overcome the emerging upheavals.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But by the time the caliph's authoritative had faded they broke away from Baghdad's dominion.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Not only did they eat away at the caliph's power, but some of them even tried to take control of the caliph himself.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

According to Ibn Khaldun, in fact the collapse in power of Bani Abbas began to be seen from the beginning of the ninth century.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This phenomenon may be concurrent with the arrival of leaders who have military power in certain provinces that make them completely independent.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The military power of the Abbasids of that time began to regress.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Instead, the Abbasid rulers employed professional men in the military field, particularly Turkish soldiers with a new system of slavery as outlined above.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The appointment of this member of the Turkish military, in later developments teryata became a major threat to the caliph's power.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Moreover, in the first period of the reign of the Abbasiyah dynasty, there was a nationality fanaticism in the form of the Shu'u arabiyah movement (nationality/anti Arab).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It is this movement that gives much inspiration to political movements, in addition to religious issues.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It seems that the caliphs were not aware of the political danger of the fanaticism of the nationality and the religious stream, so although perceived in almost all facets of life, such as in literature and scientific works, they did not mean to abolish such fanaticism, even there was among those who actually involve themselves in that nationality and religious conflict.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This period of disintegration occurred after the rule of the first period of the Bani Abbasids reached its golden age, during the following period the reign of this dynasty began to decline, especially in the political sphere.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Where one reason is the tendency of rulers to live luxuriously and the weakness of the caliph in presiding over the wheels of government.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The end of the Seljuk Dynasty's rule over Baghdad or the Abbasid khilafah was the beginning of the fifth period.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In this period, the Abbasid caliphs were no longer under the rule of a particular dynasty, although many Islamic dynasties stood.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

There are among them considerable, but the most are minor dynasties.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid caliphs, had become independent and regained power, but only in Baghdad and its surroundings.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This narrow area of caliph power showed his political weakness.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It was during this time that Mongol and Tartar armies attacked Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Baghdad can be seized and destroyed without any meaningful resistance.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The destruction of Baghdad as a result of this attack by the Mongol army was the beginning of a new chapter in Islamic history, called the middle age.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

As seen in the periodization of the Abbasid khilafah, the period of decline begins as early as the second period.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, the factors that caused the deterioration did not come suddenly.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The seeds were already visible in the first period, only because the caliphate in this period was very strong, the seeds did not have time to develop.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the history of Bani Abbas power it was seen that when the caliph was strong, ministers tended to play the role of chief civil servants, but if the caliph was weak, they would rule the wheels of government.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Alongside the weakness of the caliph, many other factors caused the Abbasid chilafah to retreat, each of these factors being related to each other.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Some of these are as follows: The rivalry between the Abbasiyad Khilafah peoples was established by the Banu Abbas who allied themselves with the Persians.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The fellowship is background by the equation of fate of the two groups during the time when the Children of Umayyads were in power.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Both are equally oppressed.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

After the Abbasid khilafah stood, the Bani Abbas dynasty retained the communion.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

According to Ibn Khaldun, there were two reasons the Bani Abbas dynasty chose the Persians rather than the Arabs.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It was difficult for the Arabs to forget the Banu Umayyads.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In those days they were first-class citizens.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Arabs themselves were split by the existence of ashabiyah (tribalism).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Thus, the Abbasid khilafah was not enforced above traditional ashabiyah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Nonetheless, the Persians did not feel satisfied.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

They wanted a dynasty with kings and servants from Persia anyway.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Meanwhile the Arabs thought that the blood flowing in their bodies was the blood (race) privileged and they considered inferior to non-Arab peoples ('ajam).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, the territory of the Abbasids in the first period was extensive, encompassing a variety of different peoples, such as Morocco, Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Persia, Turkey, and India.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

They were united with the Semitic nation.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Except Islam, at that time there was no consciousness that knitted such assorted elements strongly.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

As a result, alongside kearaban fanaticism, there also arose the fanaticism of other nations which gave birth to the syu'ubiyah movement.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This nationality fanaticism was apparently allowed to flourish by the ruler


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Meanwhile, the caliphs ran a new system of slavery.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The slaves of the Persians or Turks were made servants and soldiers.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

They were given a dynastic nasab and got a salary.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

By the Bani Abbas, they were considered servants.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This system of slavery has heightened the influence of the Persians and Turks.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Because of their great number and power, they felt that the state was theirs; they had power over the people by virtue of the caliph's power.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The tendency of each nation to dominate power had been felt since the early Abbasid caliphate stood.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, since the caliphs are strong men who are able to maintain a balance of power, political stability can be maintained.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

After al-Mutawakkil, a weak caliph, ascended the throne, the domination of the Turkish army was unstoppable again.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Since then Bani Abbas's rule has actually come to an end.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Power is in the hands of the Turks.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This position was later taken by the Bani Buwaih, a Persian nation, in the third period, and further passed to the Seljuk Dynasty in the fourth period, as outlined earlier.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The emergence of dynasties that were born and some broke away from the power of Baghdad during the period of the Abbasids, among them were: The Persian: Bani Thahiriyyah in Khurasan, (205-259 AH/820-872 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Bani Shafariyah in Fars, (254-290 H/868-901 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Bani Samaniyah in Transoxania, (261-389 H/873-998 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Bani Sajiyyah in Azerbaijan, (266-318 H/878-930 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Bani Buwaih, even controlled Baghdad, (320-447 H/932-1055 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Turkic nationality: Thuluniyah in Egypt, (254-292 H/837-903 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ikhsyidiyah in Turkistan, (320-560 H/932-1163 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ghaznawiyah in Afghanistan, (351-585 H/962-1189 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Bani Seljuk/Salajiqah and its branches: a.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The great Seljuk, or Great Seljuk, was founded by Rukn al-Din Abu Thalib Tuqhril Bek ibn Mikail ibn Seljuk ibn Tuqaq.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

These Seljuks took control of Baghdad and ruled for about 93 years (429-522H/1037-1127 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

And Sulthan Alib Arselan won the Crusade to I over the emperor Romanus IV and succeeded in captaining him.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

b.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Seljuk Kinnan at Kirman, (433-583 H/1040-1187 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

c.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Seljuk Syria or Syam in Syria, (487-511 H/1094-1117 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

d.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Seljuk Iraqis in Iraq and Kurdistan, (511-590 H/1117-1194 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

e.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Seljuk Ruum or Asia minor in central Asia (Anatolian Peninsula), (470-700 H/1077-1299 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Kurds: al-Barzuqani, (348-406 H/959-1015 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Abu 'Ali, (380-489 AH/990-1095 AD). al-Ayyubiyyah, (564-648 AH/1167-1250 AD), was founded by Sulthan Shalahuddin al-Ayyubi after his success winning the Crusades of the III period.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Arab: Idrisiyyah in the Maghrib, (172-375 H/788-985 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Aghlabiyyah in Tunisia (184-289 H/800-900 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Dulafiyah in Kurdistan, (210-285 H/825-898 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

'Alawiyah in Thabaristan, (250-316 H/864-928 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Hamdaniyah in Aleppo and Maushil, (317-394 H/929- 1002 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Mazyadiyyah at Hillah, (403-545 H/1011-1150 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Ukailiyyah at Maushil, (386-489 H/996-1 095 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Mirdasiyyah in Aleppo, (414-472 H/1023-1079 AD).


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Who professed itself as khilafah: Umayyads in Spain.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Fatimiyah in Egypt.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

From the background of the dynasties, it seems clear there was an inter-nation rivalry, especially between Arabs, Persians and Turks.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition to the background of nationality, the dynasties are also in religious background, some are of Shi'ah and Sunni background.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The economic deterioration of the Abbasiyah Khilafah also suffered setbacks in economics along with setbacks in the political sphere.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the first period, the Bani Abbas administration was a rich government.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The funds coming in are larger than those that come out, so Baitul-Mal is full of treasures.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Large accretions of funds were obtained, among others, from al-Kharaj, a kind of produce tax.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

After khilafah entered a period of decline, state revenues decreased while expenditures increased greater.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The decrease in the country's revenue is due to the narrowing of the territory of power, the number of unrest that disrupts the people's economy. tax and the number of small dynasties that make free and no longer pay tribute.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Whereas the spending swells, among other things, were caused by the lives of caliphs and officials increasingly lavish.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Types of expenditure are getting more diverse and officials are doing corruption.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Unstable political conditions led to the economy of the morat-marit state.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

On the contrary, poor economic conditions weakened the political power of the second Abbasid dynasty, this factor was interrelated and indivisible.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The rise of misguided streams and tribal fanaticism.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Religious fanaticism is closely related to the issue of nationality.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Since the ideals of the Persians were not fully attained, disillusionment prompted in part them to propagandize the teachings of Manuism, Zoroasterism and Mazdakism.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The rise of this movement known as the Zindiq movement teased the caliphs' sense of faith.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Mansur tried hard to eradicate it, even Al-Mahdi felt it necessary to establish a special watch to supervise the activities of the Zindiq people and perform mihnah with the aim of eradicating heresy.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, none of that stopped their activities.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Conflicts between the faithful and the Zindiq group continued from very simple forms such as polemics about teachings, to armed conflict that spilled blood on both sides.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The al-Afsyin and Qaramithah movements are examples of that armed conflict.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

By the time this movement began to angle, its supporters took refuge much behind Shi'ah teachings, so many Shi'ah streams were seen as ghulat (extreme) and considered deviant by Shi'ah adherents themselves.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The stream of Shi'ah is known as the political stream in Islam dealing with the understanding of Ahlussunnah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Between the two there were frequent conflicts that sometimes also involved rulers.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Mutawakkil, for example, ordered that Husein Ibn Ali's tomb in Karballa be destroyed.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But his son, al-Muntashir (861—862 AD), again allowed the Shi'ahs to “pilgrimage” the tomb of Husein.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Shi'ah had been in power in the Abbasids through the Children of Buwaih for more than a hundred years.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Idrisiyah dynasty of Marokko and the Fathimiyah khilafah in Egypt were two Shi'ah dynasties that freed themselves from Sunni Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Conflicts that are based on religion are not limited to conflicts between Muslims and zindiq or Ahlussunnah and Shi'ah alone, but also between streams in Islam.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Mu'tazilah who tend to rationally be accused of being a heresy maker by the salafy class.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The dispute between these two groups was sharpened by al-Ma'mun, the seventh caliph of the Abbasid dynasty (813—833 AD), by making Mu'tazilah the official madhab of the state and performing the mihnah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In the time of al-Mutawakkil (847-861 AD), the Mu'tazilah stream was cancelled as the state stream and the Sunni class again rose.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Hanbali followers' intolerance of rational Mu'tazilah was seen by philosophic figures to have narrowed the intellectual horizon whereas the salafs had sought to restore the teachings of Islam purely in accordance with those brought by the Messenger of Allah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Mu'tazilah stream rose again during the time of the Bani Buwaih.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

But during the Seljuk Dynasty which adhered to Sunni, the removal of the Mu'tazilah group began to be done systematically.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Supported by the ruler of the stream of Asy'ariyah thrives and succeeds.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The thoughts of al-Ghazali that supported this flow became the main feature of Ahlussunnah's understanding.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

These thoughts have had an unfavorable effect on the development of Islamic intellectual creativity supposedly until now.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

With regard to the religious conflict, Syed Ameer Ali said: The religion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings and blessings), as well as the religion of Isa (peace and blessings), was besieged by divisions and disputes from within.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Differences of opinion on abstract questions that cannot be certain in a life that has an end, always cause greater bitterness and more fierce hostility than differences about things still in the environment of human knowledge.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The matter of human free will... has led to a complicated mess in Islam... The opinion that the people and the head of religion are impossible to err... is the cause of the destruction of precious souls Threats from the Outside What is mentioned above are internal factors.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In addition, there were also external factors that caused the Abbasid chilafah to be weakened and ultimately destroyed.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Crusades that lasted several waves or periods and engulfed many casualties.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Mongol army's incursion into the territory of Islamic power.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

As already mentioned, European Christians were called to go to war after Pope Urbanus II (1088-1099 AD) issued his fatah.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The crusade also burned the spirit of resistance of Christians who were in the territory of Islamic power.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, among the Eastern Christian communities, only Lebanese Armenians and Maronites were interested in the Crusades and involved themselves in the Crusaders.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The influence of the crusades was also seen in the storming of the Mongol army


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

It is mentioned that Hulagu Khan, commander-in-chief of the Mongol army, strongly hated Islam as he was much influenced by Buddhists and Nestorian Christians.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Christian churches associate with the anti-Islamic Mongols and are hardened in pockets of scripture.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Mongol army, after destroying Islamic centers, went into repairing Jerusalem.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

This crusade occurred in 1095 AD, when Pope Urbanus II called out to Christians in Europe to wage a holy war, to regain pilgrimage at Baitul Maqdis controlled by the Seljuk Rulers, and hinder the influence and invasion of the army Muslim over Christian territory.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

As before Sulthan Alp Arselan's army of 464 AH (1071 AD), which only had a strength of 20,000 [1] — 30,000 [2] warriors, in this event succeeded in defeating a Roman army of 40,000 [2] — 70,000 [3], consisting of Roman soldiers, Ghuz, al-Akraj, al-Hajr, French and Armenia, these events are known as the Manzikert events.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Although the Muslims managed to defend their regions from the Crusaders, the losses they suffered were numerous, because the wars occurred in their territory.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

These losses resulted in the political power of Muslims becoming weak.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

In such conditions they do not become united, but even split.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Many small daulah freed themselves from the central government of the Abbasids in Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Attack of the Mongols and the Fall of Baghdad In 565 AH/1258 AD, a Mongol army of about 200,000 men arrived at one of Baghdad's doors.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Caliph al-Musta'shim, the last ruler of Bani Abbas in Baghdad (1243 - 1258), was utterly powerless and unable to stem the “typhoon” of Hulagu Khan's army.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

At that critical moment, the vizier of the Abbasid khilafah, Ibn Alqami, a Shi'ah wanted to take a chance by deceiving the caliph. la told the caliph, “I have met them for a peace treaty.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Hulagu Khan wanted to marry his daughters with Abu Bakr Ibn Mu'tashim, the son of the caliph.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Thus, Hulagu Khan will guarantee the position. la does not want anything but obedience, as your grandfathers did to the Seljuk sulthans”.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Caliph accepted the proposal, he went out with some followers by bringing pearls, gems and other precious gifts to be handed over to Hulagu Khan.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The gifts were distributed by Hulagu to his commanders.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The caliph's departure was overtaken by the magnifiers of the palace consisting of fiqhs and distinguished persons.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

However, Hulagu Khan's welcome was beyond the caliph's expectation.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

What his vizier said temyata is not true.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

All of them, including the vizier himself, were killed with their necks taken turns.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

With this violent killing came to an end the Abbasid rule in Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The city of Baghdad itself was destroyed flush with the ground, as were the other cities that the Mongol army ran through.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Although it was destroyed, Hulagu Khan established his power in Baghdad for two years, before moving on to Syria and Egypt.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The fall of the city of Baghdad in 1258 AD into the hands of the Mongols not only ended the rule of the Bani Abbasids there, but also the beginning of a period of political decline and Islamic civilization, due to Bagdad as a center of Islamic culture and civilization that was very rich with khazanah The science also disappeared ground by the Mongol forces led by Hulaghu Khan.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Chronology of the Caliphate of the Bani Abbasiyyah 750 - Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah became the first Caliph of the Children of the Abbasids. 752 - The beginning of the Caliphate of the Bani Abbasids. 755 - Rebellion of Abdullah ibn Ali.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Assassination of Abu Muslim. 756 - Abd ar-Rahman I founded the kingdom of Bani Umayyads in Spain. 763 - Construction of the city of Bagdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The defeat of the Abbasiyad army in Spain. 786 - Aaron ar-Rasyid becomes Caliph. 792 - Incursion into northern France. 800 - Scientific rules begin to take shape.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Algebra was created by Al-Khawarizmi. 805 - Campaign against Byzantium.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Capturing Rhodes Island and Cyprus. 809 - death of Harun ar-Rasyid. al-Amin was sworn into caliph. 814 - Civil war between al-Amin and al-Ma'mun. al-Amin was killed and al-Ma'mun became caliph. 1000 - The Great Mosque of Cordoba built. 1005 - Multan and Ghur were taken captive. 1055 - Baghdad was overrun by Seljuk Turkish army.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Abbasiyah-Seljuk rule began until around 1258 when the Mongol army destroyed Baghdad. 1071 - The Manzikert Event.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Sultan Alp Arselan successfully defeated the combined crusaders led by Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes. 1072 - Sultan Alp Arselan managed to take control of Central Asia (Anatolia). and forwarded his besieges against the kingdom of Byzantium. 1085 - The Christian army captivated Toledo, Spain. 1091 - Nation Norman seize Sicily, Muslim rule there ends. 1095 - the first Crusade begins. 1099 - Crusaders seize Baitulmuqaddis.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

They kill all its inhabitants. 1144 - Nur al-Din seizes Edessa from the Crusaders.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Second Crusade begins. 1187 - Salahuddin Al-Ayubbi seizes Baitulmuqaddis from the Crusaders.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Third Crusade begins. 1194 - Muslim army seizes Delhi, India. 1236 - Crusaders seize Cordoba, Spain. 1258 - Mongol army attacks and annihilates Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Thousands of residents were killed.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Fall of Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The reigns of the Kingdom of Bani Abbasiyyah in Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Genealogy of the caliphs Below is the genealogy of the caliphs of the Children of the Abbasids, ranging from Abbas ibn Abdul-Muthalib to the last caliph of the Children of the Abbasids ruling in Baghdad.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate in Cairo Al-Mustanshir II 1261 Al-Hakim 1262-1302 Al-Mustakfi I 1302-1340 Al-Wathiq I 1340-1341 Al-Hakim II 1341-1352 Al-Mu'tadid I 1352-1362 Al-Mutawakkil I 1362-1383 Al-Wathiq II 1383-1386 Al-Mu'tasim 1386-1386-13889 Al-Mutawakkil I (returned to power) 1389-1406 al-Musta'in 1406-1414 Al-Mu'tadid II 1414-1441 Al-Mustakfi II 1441-1451 Al-Mustamsik 1451-1455 Al-Mustanjid 1455-1479 Al-Mutawakkil II 1479-1497 Al-Mustamsik 1497-1508 Al-Mutawakkil III 1508-1517 Reference Other Sources History of the Children of the Abbasiyyah, Muhammad Shu'ub, Pt.Publish Moon Star.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Islamic date, Ibn Khaldun.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

Al-Bidaayah Wan Nihaayah, Ibn Katsir.


Question: When was Ibn Rusyd born?

Abbasid Caliphate

See also Bani Umayyad Caliphate Category:Historical Iraq Category:Islamic History Category:Quraysh


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Part of a series onChristianity Jesuschrist Jesus in Christianity Virgin birth Crucifixion Resurrection appearances BibleFoundations Old Testament New Testament Gospel Canon Books Church Creed New Covenant Theology God Trinity Father Son Holy Spirit Apologetics Baptism Christology History of Theology Mission Salvation HistoryTradition Mary Apostolic Age Apostles Jewish Christian Peter Paul Ante-Nicene Period Church Fathers Constantine Councils Augustine East—West Schism Crusades Aquinas Luther Reformation DenominationsGroups Western Catholic Protestant Adventist Anabaptist Anglican Baptist Calvinist Evangelical Holiness Lutheran Methodist Pentecostal Proto-Protestant Eastern Assyrian Eastern Catholic Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Orthodox Reformed Spiritual Nontrinitarian Christadelphians Jehovah's Witness Judaizers Latter Day Saint Oneness Pentecostal Quakers Unitarian Related topics Art Criticism Ecumenism Liturgy Music Other religions Prayer Sermon Symbolism Terrorism Christianity portalvt Gospel (, euangelion — meaning Good News; Arabic: إنجيل, Injīl; English: Gospel) is a term used to refer to the first four books in the Bible Testament New according to Christian belief.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The four books, the Gospel of Matthew, the Gospel of Mark, the Gospel of Luke, and the Gospel of John, are called the Good News, because Christians believe that the narrative of the four gospels culminating in the death and resurrection of Jesus is the story of God's rescue to sinful mankind, so that it may Man can come back to know the real God and be able to enter Paradise.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

According to Islam, the Gospel is the book handed down to the Prophet Isa a.s. The word “Gospel” The term “Gospel” comes from the Arabic إنجيل inīl, which is derived from the Greek ευαγγέλιον (euangelion) meaning “Good News” or “Passion News”, which refers to (BIS, TL, & Greek).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The Gospel in English is called Gospel, from Old English gōd-spell meaning “good news”, which is a word-per-word translation from Greek (eu- “good”, -angelion “news”) The word “gospel” itself in the New Translation Bible appears 124 times [1] (BIS uses the term “News” Fine”, all in the New Testament: 23 times in the four Gospels, 17 times in the Acts of the Apostles, 78 times in the Epistles of Paul, 5 times in the Other Epistles, and 1 time in the Book of Revelation.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Some important verses that contain this word include: “This is the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. “;: ""The time has been even; the kingdom of God is at hand.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Repent and believe in the Gospel!” ;: “For whoever wants to save his life, he will lose his life; but he who loses his life because of me and because of the gospel, he will save it. “;: “All these things I do because of the Gospel, that I may have a part of it. “;: “And this Gospel of the Kingdom shall be preached all over the world bear witness to all nations, after which the end comes”, and in Romans 1 The meaning of the Gospel usually contains the meaning: The preaching of God's saving activity in Jesus of Nazareth or the message that delivered by Jesus of Nazareth.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

This is the origin of the use of the word “gospel” according to the New Testament (see Epistle to the Romans 1:1 or Mark 1:1).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

In the more popular sense, the word refers to the four canonical Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John) and sometimes also to other works that are non-canonical (i.e.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Gospel of Tomas), which conveys the story of Jesus' life, death, and resurrection.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

A number of modern scholars use the term “gospel” to point to a hypothetical genre of prime Christian literature (cf.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Peter Stuhlmacher, ed., Das Evangelium und die Evangelien, Tübingen 1983, also in English: The Gospel and the Gospels).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The word “gospel” was used by Paul before the gospel books of the New Testament canon were written, when he reminded Christians in Corinth “to the gospel which I preach to you” (1 Corinthians 15:1).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Through the news, Paul asserted, they were saved, and he described them in the simplest sense, while emphasizing the appearance of Christ after the resurrection (15:3-8): “... that Christ died for our sins, according to the Scriptures, that he was buried, and that he had been resurrected, on the third day, according to the Scriptures; that he had appeared to Kephas and then to his twelve disciples.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

After that he appeared to more than five hundred brothers at once; most of them are alive today, but some of them have died.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Next He appeared to James, then to all the apostles.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

And the last of all He appeared also to me, just as to a child born before his time.”


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The use of the word gospel (or its equivalent in Greek evangelion) to refer to a distinctive genre of writing dating back to the 2nd century.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The word is clearly used to designate a genre in Justinus the Martyr (l.k. 155) and in a more fuzzy sense earlier in Ignatius of Antioch (l.k. 117).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The writing of the Gospel Some accounts: The Book of the New Testament was published between 50 and 100 AD.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The first were the Epistles of Paul, then later other passages.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Several centuries A.D., the new Church authorized the canon of the Book of the New Testament after the sequence was changed and wherever possible adapted to the History of Salvation (The Quintessence of the Christian Faith by Ds.B.J. Boland, 1964).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

It can generally be said that the canon of the New Testament was established approximately in 200, definitively in 380 (History of the Church by Dr. H. Berkhof and Dr.I.H. Enklaar, 1962).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

De Arameesche tekst van het Mattheus-evengelie is reeds vroegtijdig hash.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

De andrere drie evangelien, zijn in het Grieksch geschreven.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

De boeken van de Heilige Schrift, zelfs de evengelien, zijn niet volkomen in de zelfds toestand bewaard gebleven, waarin zijoorspronkelijk zijn geschreven.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Daar de boekdrukkeenst niet bestond, warden zij eeuwen long telkens overgeschreven en hijdat overschrijoen werden soms woorden uitgelaten, verwisseld of verkeerd geschreven...


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

That is to say: the Arami-speaking Gospel of Matthew is long gone.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The other three gospels were written in Greek.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The books of the Scriptures also the gospels are not perfectly stored under the same circumstances, in which they were originally written.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Because of the absence of print-printing books, it is often carried out the writings of centuries old, and in moving writing it sometimes occurs the removal of words, exchange of words or reverse writing...


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

(Hittite Evangelie, 1929, Peter Canisius Library Agency) Canonical Gospels Of the many gospels written, there are four gospels accepted as part of the New Testament and canonized.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

This is a major theme in a writing by Irenaeus, l.k. 185.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

In his writings entitled “Against Misconduct” Irenaeus opposes some Christian groups using only one Gospel, such as the Marsion group - which uses an altered version of the Gospel of Luke in such a way.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Irenaeus also opposed some groups that emphasized writings containing new revelations, such as the group of Valentinius (A.H. 1.11.9).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Irenaeus states that there are four gospels that are the pillars of the church. “there can't be more or less than four,” he said, while posing an analogy as his logic that there are four corners of the world and four wind directions (1.11.8).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

This image, taken from the Book of Ezekiel 1:10, of the throne of God supported by four creatures with four faces—"All four have a human face in front, a lion's face on the right, an ox face on the left, and the face of the eagle behind ”— is equivalent to the gospel that is “face-faced four”, are the conventional emblems of the gospel writers: the lion, the ox, the eagle, and the man.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Irenaeus managed to declare that the four gospels are together, and only these four gospels, contain truth.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

By reading each of the gospels in light of the other, Irenaeus made John a lens to read Matthew, Mark and Luke.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

In the transition of the 5th century, the Western Church under Pope Innocensius I, recognized a Biblical canon covering the four Gospels namely Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, which had previously been established at a number of regional Synods, namely the Council of Rome (382), the Synod of Hippo (393), and the two Synods of Carthage (397 and 419). [2]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

This canon, corresponding to the modern Catholic canon, is used in the Vulgata, a translation of the Bible from the early 5th century worked on by Hieronimus [3] at the request of Pope Damasus I in 382.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The time of writing The approximate period of writing of the canonical gospels varies, but not more than 100 A.D. So no more than 70 years after Jesus Christ left the world.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Here is the approximate period given by Raymond E. Brown, in his book “An Introduction to the New Testament”, as a representation of the general consensus of scholars, in 1996: Mark: circa 68—73, [4] 65—70. [5]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Matthew: about the years 70—100, [4] 80—85. [5]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Luke: around 80—100 (partly argued in 85), [4] 80—85. [5]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

John: circa 90—100, [5] 90—110. [6]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Meanwhile, the estimated time period given in the NIV Study Bible: Mark: around 50s to early 60s, or late 60s Matthew: around 50-70s Luke: around 59-63, or 70s to 80s John: around 85 to near 100, or '50s to 70 The Muratori canon (170 AD) exposes the order of making the Gospels of Luke and John as follows (the obverse is missing, and the remaining one begins with the word “where it is” and so on; the development of the translation is put between square brackets.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The numbers indicate the remaining and readable line numbers of the original text): “(1)... where he was also present, and so he placed it [in his writing].


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

(2) The third Gospel book is according to Luke.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

(3) Luke, the famous healer, after Christ's Ascension, (4-5) when Paul took him with him as a man of study of [Roman] law, (6) composed it in his own name, according to the [general] presumption.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

However, he himself never (7) saw the Lord in the flesh; and accordingly, as per the events he could ascertain, (8) thus he began to tell the story from the birth of John [the Baptist].


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

(9) The fourth of the Gospel books is from John, [a] of the disciples.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

(10) To his disciples and bishops, who compelled him [to write], (11) he said, 'Be fast with me from this day for three days, and what (12) shall be revealed to each man (13) let us say one with another. '


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

On the same night it was revealed (14) to Andreas, [one] of the apostles, (15-16) that John should write down all things in his name while others should examine them.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

And thus, though various (17) elements have been taught in each of the Gospel books, (18) in any case this does not cause a change in faith (19) of believers, for by one powerful Spirit all things (20) have been revealed in all [the books Gospels]: concerning (21) birth, concerning tribulation, on resurrection, (22) concerning living with His disciples, (23) and concerning his two coming; (24) the first in poverty when He was despised, which had happened, (25) the second in the glory of royal power, (26) the will still happen sometime.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

What (27) is astonishing that, if John so consistently (28) mentions these particular points also in his letters, (29) says of himself, 'What we have seen with our eyes, (30) we have heard with our ears and with our hands (31) which have we raba —that's what we wrote to you'?


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

[] (32) For in this way He professed [himself] not only as an eyewitness and a listener, (33) but also the author of all God's miraculous deeds, in the order... “[7]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Apocryphal Gospels Some of the uncanonized gospels though have a likeness in terms of some content and style, as opposed to the canonical gospels.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Most (others) are gnostic in terms of content and style of language, presenting/positing teachings from very different points of view and in some cases being branded as heresy.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

These gospels are included in apocryphal writings: Colombia Gospel Tomas Gospel of Judas Gospel of Philip Gospel Peter Gospel Mary Magdalene Gospel James Gospel Bartolomeus Gospel Bartolomeus Gospel of Barnabas Gospel Andreas Gospel Nicodemus Gospel Matthew Gospel of Egypt Gospel Hebrew Gospel Nazareth Gospel Ebionym (Ebionites) Eve Gospel of Truth Gospel Perfection Gospel Four Heavenly Realms Gospel (Four Heavenly Realms) Gospel Twelve Gospel Seventy Gospel Tadeus Gospel Cerinthus Gospel Basilides Gospel Marsion Gospel Appelles Gospel Bardesanes Gospel Mani See also “Gospel of Hermes” misunderstood.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The “Gospel of Barnabas” The book often referred to as the “Gospel of Barnabas” is a 16th-century forgery A.D. Its writing using Italian and its information regarding the geography of Palestine is much absurd, suggesting that the author was never in the land of Israel.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

In addition, none of the canonical gospels were written using Italian (which only appeared as a written language in medieval times, that is, after the 15th century AD), instead they were generally written in ancient Greek or Aramaic. [8]


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The Indonesian translation circulating in Indonesia was translated from a book written by Lonsdale and Laura Ragg, but his critical comments on evidence of falsification were not translated.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

The influence of the Gospel on culture and the influence of Culture on the Gospel and Culture are two inseparable things, when the Gospel is delivered, culture participates in the preaching of the gospel. The relationship between the gospel and culture such as leather and fruit, which culture can not be separated from each other. culture can have a positive effect on the gospel but can also cause negative effects. for example, when the gospel is delivered, then a gospel carrier (missionary) will use the culture of the community as an approach so that The gospel conveyed can be easily accepted.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

But culture can also cause negative effects on the preaching of the gospel, if the culture of a society is very thick, for example, the ancestral religion of a society is very thick and has strong bigotry then of course the Gospel will be difficult to enter into the community aforementioned.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

See also Bible Scripture Septuaginta Jesus Christ Old Testament New Testament Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. — a compendium and information on the compilation of canonical and non-canonical gospels in English translation - the English version of the previous links. (in English) See the Gospel of Matthew at. (in English) See the Gospel of Mark at. (in English) See the Gospel of Luke at. (in English) See the Gospel of John at. (in English) the Interlinear Greek/Strong version is complete with its dictionary/lexicons. (in English) particularly the Westcott-Hort text from 1881, merged with variants NA26/27.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

- Harmony of the Gospel Books in Latin - Harmony of the Gospel Books in Latin Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. (in English).


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

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Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. — includes about 1200 variants in 2000 pages.


Question: When was the gospel taken down

Gospel

Category:New Testament Words and Phrases Category:Jesus Category:New Testament Category:New Testament Books


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

Force India F1 (official company name: Sahara Force India Formula One Team) was a Formula One team that stood after Orange India Holdings, a consortium of Watson Ltd. (Dr. Vijay Mallya) and Strongwind (Michiel Mol), bought the Spyker F1 team in October 2007 for 88 million euros. [1]


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

This shows the participation of Indians in the world of Formula One, after India confirmed that they will host the Grand Prix starting in 2011 at the Jaypee Group Circuit in Delhi. [2]


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

The FIA confirmed the name change from Spyker to Force India on 24 October 2007. [3]


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

After running over 29 races, this first F1 team from India achieved their first points, podium and pole position in Belgium 2009 through Giancarlo Fisichella who during the race finished second behind Kimi Raikkonen (Ferrari).


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

In later races in Italy, Force India again scored points with a P4 finish through Adrian Sutil, who also recorded the fastest lap during the race.


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

The beginning Although founded in 2007, the roots of the team can be traced since 1991, where it was founded under the name Jordan Grand Prix principal Eddie Jordan.


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

The team was based at the Silverstone Circuit and managed to record four wins throughout its history in F1 from 1991 to 2005.


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

Early 2005 Jordan's team along with its entire Silverstone faculties were bought by Midland Group from Russian leader Alex Shnaider and renamed Midland F1 in 2006, which also marked Russia's participation as a team in the F1 event.


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

After failing to reach numbers throughout the 2006 season, Shnaider then sold this team to Spyker Cars near the end of the 2006 season.


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

However, the team's small operating costs led Spyker to decide to again sell the team this time to Indian bilioner Dr. Vijay Mallya (CEO of The United Breweries Group) in 2007.


Question: How many members of the Force India F1 team?

Force India

Rumors regarding the sale of the team began in the paddock in the first few months of the 2007 season, after Spyker announced his desire to sell 50% of the team, [4] less than one year after Spyker purchased it from Midland.