Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

So that the mass organization is nothing more than the New Order puppets.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Then in 1979—1980 came a group of purnawirawan high-ranking officers of the armed forces and critically known civilian figures, incorporated in Petition 50, issued a series of leaflets complaining of the political stance of the New Order government that made the Army a supporters of Golkar's victory, as well as demanding political reform.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In return, the government is barring them.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This group failed and was never able to appear again as an effective opposition group against the New Order government.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The culmination of the New Order During his reign, President Soeharto set economic growth as a staple of government duties and goals.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

He raised many technocrats and economic experts who had previously been at odds with President Soekarno who tended to be socialist.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Technocrats who are generally western-educated and liberal (United States) are graduates of Berkeley so they are better known in the economic clicks as the Berkeley Mafia among Indonesian Economics, Industry and Finance.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In his time, Indonesia received economic and financial assistance from donor countries (developed countries) that were incorporated in IGGI which was supported by the Dutch government.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

But in 1992, IGGI was terminated by the Indonesian government because it was considered to be interfering in Indonesian domestic affairs, particularly in the case of East Timor after the Dili Incident.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This role of IGGI was replaced by a French-sponsored CGI donor agency.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In addition, Indonesia received assistance from other international agencies under the United Nations such as UNICEF, UNESCO and WHO.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

But unfortunately, the failure of economic management that rests in the trickle down effect system (trickle down) that attaches importance to economic growth and management of the economy in a handful of circles as well as the poor economic management of industrial and financial trade (EKUIN) government, making Indonesia ended up relying on International donors especially post-Crisis 1997.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In the field of economics also, it was noted that Indonesia experienced self-sufficiency in rice in 1984.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

But the feat turned out to be untenable in the following years.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Then Indonesia's economic progress was considered so significant that Indonesia was included in a country that approached the New Industry countries along with Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand, in addition to Singapore, the Republic of China, and South Korea.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In the field of politics, President Soeharto unified political parties so that at that time it was known three political parties namely the United Development Party (PPP), Golkar (Golkar) and the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) in its efforts to simplify political life in Indonesia as a result of the political period of president Soekarno who used a multiparty system which resulted in the fall of the cabinet and considered the cause of stagnant development.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Then the issuance of Political Law and the sole principle of Pancasila which colored political life at that time.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

But on the way, there was inequality in political life in which there arose the term “single majority” in which Golkar was made the main party and “castrated” the other two political parties in every election run.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Various discontent arose, but could be muted by the system in those days.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Along with the rise in education level during his reign due to economic growth, there arose various criticisms and discontent over inequality in development.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Economic, social and political gaps give rise to disaffected circles and demand improvement.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Later during his reign, there were recorded violent events in society that were generally laden with political interests, besides indeed due to discontent from the public.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Some accounts of President Soeharto's New Order repressive actions were judged to initiate suppression of the Chinese tribe, banned the use of written Chinese writing in various written materials, and shut down Chinese organizations due to accusations of their sympathy for communists.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In addition the political rights of ethnic Chinese were restricted and Kong Hu Cu's religion was not recognized its existence.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Nevertheless, Soeharto engaged in a familiar friendship with Lee Kuan Yew who was once the Prime Minister of Singapore who was ethnic Chinese.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In 1970 Soeharto banned student protests after widespread demonstrations against corruption.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

A commission found that corruption was very common.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Soeharto approved only two cases and then closed the commission.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Corruption then became an endemic.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

He ruled through military control and media censorship.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

He took control of financially by giving easy deals and monopolies to his brothers, including his six children.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

He also continued to play different factions in the military against each other, starting by supporting nationalist groups and then supporting Islamic elements.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In 1973 she won the subsequent five-year term through the “electoral college” elections. and was also re-elected in 1978, 1983, 1988, 1993, and 1998.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Soeharto amended the election law by allowing only three parties to contest the election, including his own party, Golkar.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Therefore all existing Islamic parties were required to merge into the United Development Party, while non-Islamic parties (Catholic and Protestant) as well as nationalist parties were combined into the Indonesian Democratic Party.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In 1975, with the approval of even the requests of the United States and Australia, he ordered Indonesian troops to enter Portugal's former colony East Timor after Portugal withdrew and the Fretilin movement held power that caused chaos in East Timor's own people, as well as the United States' concerns over Fretilin's not what he thought invited the interference of the Soviet Union.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Then a pro integration government installed by Indonesia requested the region integrate with Indonesia.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On 15 July 1976 East Timor became a province of East Timor until the area was transferred to UN administration in 1999.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Corruption became a heavy burden in the 1980s. On 5 May 1980 a group then better known as Petition 50 demanded greater political freedom.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The group consists of military members, politicians, academics, and students.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Indonesian media suppressed the news and the government mecekal signatory.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

After in 1984 this group alleged that Soeharto created a one-party state, several of its leaders were imprisoned.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Soeharto's human rights record has also deteriorated year after year.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In 1993 the United Nations Human Rights Commission made a resolution expressing deep concern for human rights violations in Indonesia and in East Timor.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

U.S. President Bill Clinton endorsed it.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In 1996 Soeharto attempted to remove Megawati Soekarnoputri from the leadership of the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI), one of the three official parties.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In June, Megawati supporters occupied the party's headquarters.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

After security forces detained them, riots broke out in Jakarta on 27 July 1996 (the events of Grey Saturday) known as the “Kudatuli Events” (Two Seven July Riots).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Stepped down from the position of president In 1997, according to the World Bank, 20 to 30% of Indonesia's development funds had been misappropriated over the years.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Asia's financial crisis in the same year brought nothing good for President Soeharto's administration when he was forced to request a loan, which also meant a thorough and detailed examination from the IMF.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Despite declaring not to be re-nominated as President in the period 1998—2003, especially at the Golongan Karya event, Soeharto still ensured that he was re-elected by parliament for the seventh time in March 1998.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

After several demonstrations, riots, political and military pressure, as well as culminating in the occupation of the DPR/MPR RI building, President Soeharto resigned on 21 May 1998 to avoid divisions and erupting instability in Indonesia.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The administration was continued by the Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In his 32-year-long rule, there has been abuse of power including corruption and human rights abuses.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This is one of the factors of the end of the Soeharto era.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

However, Michel Camdesus, Director of the IMF admitted that what the IMF did in Indonesia was nothing but a catalyst for the fall of the Soeharto Government.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

As cited by the New York Times, Camdesus stated “we created the conditions that obliged President Soeharto Left his job" [12].


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In the Credentials Room, Istana Merdeka, Jalan Medan Merdeka Utara, Jakarta, President Soeharto read the speech last time, thus: “Since the last few times, I follow carefully the development of our national situation, especially the aspiration of the people to reform in all spheres of national and state life.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On the basis of my deep understanding of those aspirations and driven by the belief that reform needs to be implemented in an orderly, peaceful, and constitutional manner.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

For the sake of maintaining the unity and unity of the nation and the continuity of national development, I have stated the plan for the formation of the Reform Committee and change the composition of the VII Development Cabinet.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

However, reality to this day suggests such a Reform Committee could not materialise due to the absence of an adequate response to the planned formation of the committee.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In the desire to implement reforms in the best way earlier, I judged that with the unrealization of the Reform Committee, the change in the composition of the VII Development Cabinet became no longer necessary.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Mindful of the above circumstances, I would argue it is very difficult for me to be able to perform the duties of state government and development properly.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Therefore, by observing the provisions of Article 8 of the 1945 Constitution and earnestly paying attention to the views of the leadership of the House and the leaders of the factions in it, I decided to declare to quit my position as President of the Republic of Indonesia since I read the statement this was on Thursday, May 21, 1998.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

My statement quitting the position as President of the Republic of Indonesia I presented before the brothers and also the leadership of the MPR on the occasion of the relationship.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

According to Article 8 of the 1945 Constitution, then Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia, Prof. Dr. Ing. BJ Habibie who will continue the remaining time of the position of President/Mandatarist of the MPR 1998—2003.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

For the help and support of the people as long as I lead the country and the nation of Indonesia, I thank you and apologize if there are mistakes and shortcomings, hopefully the Indonesian nation remains successful with Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Starting today also the Development Cabinet VII demisionary and to the ministers I thank you.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Because the circumstances do not allow to hold the pronunciation of oath before Parliament, so to avoid the vacancy of the leadership in organizing the state government, presumably the vice president's brother will now also carry out the oath of office of the president before the Supreme Court of Indonesia.”


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

A moment later, President Soeharto handed over the head of the state leadership to Prof. Dr. Ing. BJ Habibie.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

After carrying out the oath of office, finally BJ Habibie officially held the position of the 3rd president of the Republic of Indonesia.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Welcome from former President Soeharto, leaders and deputy leaders of MPR/DPR, ministers and anyone who participated in the pronunciation of the presidential oath of office at that time.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Not too long, the Minister of Defense Security and Commander of ABRI General TNI Wiranto read a statement of attitude, thus: first, understanding the evolving situation and the aspirations of the public, ABRI supports and welcomes the request to stop Mr. Soeharto as President of the Republic of Indonesia and based on the constutusion of supporting Vice President Mr. BJ Habibie as President of the Republic of Indonesia.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Second, ABRI remains compact and one hopes and invites all Indonesian people to accept the personal will of President Soeharto that has been in accordance with the constitution, namely Article 8 of the 1945 Constitution.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Third, in this case, ABRI will still play an active role in order to prevent irregularities and other things that could threaten the integrity of the nation.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Fourth, upholding the noble value of the nation's culture, ABRI will maintain the safety and honor of the former Presidents/Mandataries of MPR including Mr. Soeharto and his family.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Fifth, ABRI invites all parties to be calm, prevent the occurrence of riots and violent acts that will end up harming the community themselves.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Cases of alleged corruption Main article: Suharto's alleged corruption case After Soeharto officially stepped down from his position as president, various elements of society began to demand that the deprivation and trial of the former president who was the longest-serving power in Indonesia.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On September 1, 1998, the Attorney-General's team announced an indication of the use of foundation money under the administration of former President Soeharto.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Through Indonesian Education Television (TPI) on September 6, 1998, Soeharto appeared and stated that he had no wealth abroad.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Attorney General AM Ghalib and Minister of Wasbang/Pan Hartarto met him on Jalan Cendana (Jakarta) to clarify the revelation (21 September 1998).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On 21 November 1998, the Development Work Faction (FKP) proposed to the government to assign former President Soeharto as a municipal prisoner.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This is the initial act of depreciation of Soeharto's property and wealth which allegedly originated from Collusion, Corruption, and Nepotism (KKN).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On 3 December 1998, President BJ Habibie instructed Attorney General AM Ghalib immediately take legal action examining former President Soeharto.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On December 9, 1998, Soeharto was examined by the Attorney General's team in Jakarta High Prosecutor in connection with foundation funds, national car program, Soeharto's wealth abroad, and the Tapos case.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Time magazine launched news about Soeharto's wealth abroad which reached US$15 billion (22 May 1999).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On May 27, 1999, Soeharto submitted a special power of attorney to Attorney General AM Ghalib to check his wealth in Switzerland and Austria, as reported by Time Magazine.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On 2 June 1999, Soeharto seconded Time Magazine to the National Police Headquarters of the Republic of Indonesia over defamatory allegations on its news.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Soeharto demanded damages of about 27 billion US dollars.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Soeharto owns and heads seven foundations, namely Yayasan Dana Sejahtera Mandiri, Yayasan Supersemar, Yayasan Dharma Bhakti Sosial (Dharmais), Yayasan Dana Abadi Karya Bhakti (Dakab), Bhakti Muslim Pancasila Charitable Foundation, Yayasan Gotong Royasan Humanitarian, Trikora Foundation.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In 1995, Soeharto issued Presidential Decree Number 90 Year 1995.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This presidential election appealed to entrepreneurs to contribute 2 percent of their profits to Yayasan Dana Mandiri.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The results of the investigation of the seven Soeharto foundations resulted in a 2,000s page thick file.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This file contains the results of an examination of 134 fact witnesses and 9 expert witnesses, following hundreds of authentic documents of the results of the seizure of two teams that have been formed by the Attorney General, since 1999.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

According to Transparency International, Soeharto embezzled the largest amount of money than any other world leader in history with an estimated 15—35 billion U.S. dollars during his 32-year reign. [13]


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

On May 12, 2006, coinciding with the commemoration of the Trisakti Tragedy, Attorney General Abdul Rahman Saleh issued a statement that his party had issued a Decree Termination of Prosecution (SKPP) case of former President Soeharto, whose contents stopped the prosecution of alleged corruption of former President Soeharto on seven foundations he led on grounds of the defendant's unfit physical and mental condition submitted to the trial.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

SKPP was issued by the South Jakarta District Attorney on May 11, 2006, but SKPP was declared invalid by the South Jakarta District Court on June 12, 2006.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Civil case Political Heritage As president of Indonesia for more than 30 years, Soeharto has influenced Indonesia's history a lot.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

With the transfer of power from Soekarno, Soeharto with the support of the United States eradicated communism and forbade the formation of communist parties.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The making of East Timor as the 27th province (then) was also done because of his concern that the Fretilin party (Frente Revolucionaria De Timor Leste Independente/Revolutionary Front for East Timor Independence) would come to power there if left independent.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This has resulted in the swallowing of hundreds of thousands of civilian fatalities.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The authoritarian system that Soeharto ran in his reign made him popular with the designation “Father”, which in the long term led to decision-making in the House of Representatives at that time connotatively referred to by the Indonesians as the “ABS” system or “Asal Mr. Glad”.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

In the field of health To control the population of Indonesia, Soeharto started a Family Planning campaign that advocated each couple to have enough 2 children.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This was done to avoid a population explosion that could later result in various problems, from starvation, disease to environmental destruction.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Education in the field of education Soeharto spearheaded the Compulsory Learning project aimed at improving the average grade of Indonesian children's school.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

At first, the project exempted primary education pupils from tuition (Education Financing Donations) so that children from poor families could also attend school.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

This was later developed into a 9-year Compulsory Study.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Death On January 27, 2008 at 13:10pm, Soeharto passed away at Pertamina Central Hospital Jakarta.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Then around 14.35, the body of former President Soeharto was sent from the RSPP to the residence at Jalan Cendana number 8, Menteng, Jakarta [14].


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The ambulance carrying Mr. Harto's body was accompanied by a number of family vehicles and relatives and bodyguards.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

A number of journalists approached when the motorcade moved towards Jalan Cendana, resulting in a television reporter hit.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Along Tanjung and Jalan Cendana thousands of people welcomed the accompaniment of vehicles carrying Mr. Harto's body.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

A series of vehicles carrying the body of former President Soeharto entered Jalan Cendana, around 14.55, Sunday (27/1).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono accompanied by Vice President Jusuf Kalla and several ministers who are following a limited cabinet meeting on food security, taking a press conference for 3 minutes and 28 seconds at the President's Office, Jakarta, Sunday (27/1).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The president expressed his deep condolences on the death of former Second Indonesian President Haji Muhammad Soeharto.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Sunday Afternoon at 16.00 WIB, President Soesilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Vice President Jusuf Kalla, first prayed to Cendana.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The funeral of former president Soeharto's corpse was sent from the funeral home in Jalan Cendana, Jakarta, Monday, January 28, 2008, at 07.30 pm [15] to Halim Perdanakusuma Airport.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Then the remains will be flown from Halim Perdanakusuma Airport to Solo at 10:00pm to then be buried in Astana Giri Bangun, Solo, Monday (28/1).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The body arrived at Astana Giri Bangun that afternoon before 12.00 pm.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The deceased was lowered into the liang lahad at 12:15pm [16] at the same time as the gathering of azan zuhur.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The deceased had been in the burrow of lahat that afternoon at 12:17pm.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Soeharto's funeral ceremony was led by ceremony inspector Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

See also Javanese Cultural Items List of Indonesian President List of libraries Benedict R. Anderson en Ruth T.McVey, A Preliminary Analysis of the 1 October 1965 Coup in Indonesia (Cornell University, 1971).


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Press Release.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

International Monetary Fund. (31 October 1997) Robert Cribb, “Genocide in Indonesia,1965—1966".


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Journal of Genocide Research no. 2:219 —239, 2001.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

“Jakarta Leftist Out As Army Chief” New York Times 15 October 1965 CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) McDonald, H., Suharto's Indonesia, Fontana Books, 1980, Blackburn, Australia, ISBN 0-00-635721-0 Ricklefs, M.C. 1991.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1300 2nd Edition, Stanford: Stanford University Press.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

ISBN 0-333-57690-X John Roosa, Pretext for Mass Murder, The 30 September Movement & Suharto's Coup d'État.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

The University of Wisconson Press, 2006.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

ISBN 978-0-299-22034-1.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

“Sukarno Removes His Defense Chief” New York Times 22 February 1966 Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA, Tim Weiner.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Doubleday, New York 2007 (ISBN 978-3-596-17865-0), chapter 15, CIA and Indonesia.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Whose Plot? -New light on the 1965 Events, Journal of Contemporary Asia 9, no.2 (1979) :197—215.


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Reference Outside Links in the Library of the President of the Republic of Indonesia on BBC |-!


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Political offices |- |Precededby Soekarno as Prime Minister | Chairman of the Presidium of the Indonesian Cabinet 1966—1967 |Positions abolished |-!


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Military offices |- |New title | Pangkostrad 1963—1965 | Succeededby Umar Wirahadikusumah |- |-!


Question: How long has president Soeharto been in office?

Soeharto

Government offices {{subst: #if:soeHarto|}} [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1921}} || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of birth missing {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:2008}} ||LIVING =( living people)}} | #default =1921 births}]] [[Category: {subst: {#switch: {{subst:uc:2008}} || LIVING =Living people| UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of death missing | #default =2008 deaths}}]] Category:Figures from Bantul Category:President of Indonesia Category:Javanese Figures Category:Commander of Military Regional Command XII/Tanjungpura Category:KSAD Category:Commander of the Army Strategic Reserve Command Category:Figures Order New Category:Indonesian National Army Commander Category:Military Regional Command Commander IV/Diponegoro Category:Politician Party Golongan Karya


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan (Carakan:) is a set of musical instruments that usually accentuate demung, saron, peking, xylophone, kendang, and gong.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

The term gamelan refers to the instrument/tool, which is a whole entity that is embodied and sounded together.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

The word Gamelan itself comes from the Javanese language Gamel which means to beat/sow, followed by a suffix that makes it a noun.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan orkes are mostly found in the islands of Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok in Indonesia in various sizes and shapes of musical instruments.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

In Bali and Lombok today, and in Java past the 18th century, the term gong is more considered synonym with gamelan.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Stepping and manufacturing gamelan orkes is a complex process.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan uses four ways of alignment, namely sléndro, pélog, and degung (specifically the West Java area), and madenda (also known as diatonis, just like the original minor scale widely worn in Europe.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan music is a multifaceted combination of overseas art influences.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Tone notes from China, musical instruments from Southeast Asia, drum bands and moving music from India, bowed strings from the Middle East, even the European military style we hear in traditional Javanese and Balinese music today.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

The interaction of components loaded with melodies, rhythms and colors of sound preserves the glory of Balinese gamelan orkes music.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

These musical pillars unite the various characters of Balinese rural communities into a distinctive musical order that is an inseparable part of everyday life.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan is generally used to accompany puppet performances or on official occasions such as palace ceremonies, weddings, syukuran, etc. but at this time, gamelan is only used by the majority of people in Java, especially East Java, Central Java, DIY, West Java, and also people in Bali.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

History The emergence of gamelan was preceded by the Hindu-Buddhist culture that dominated Indonesia at the beginning of the historical record period, which also represents indigenous Indonesian art.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

The instrument was developed until it was formed as it is today, in the time of Majapahit Kingdom.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

An image of the first set of gamelan musical instruments is found on the wall relief of Borobudur temple, Magelang, Central Java which has been standing since the 8th century.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

The relief features a number of musical instruments including flutes, bells, drums in various sizes, harps, swiped and plucked stringing musical instruments, found in the relief.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

After all, the relief about the instrument is said to be the origin of the gamelan.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

During the Hindu-Buddhist period, gamelan was introduced to Javanese people and flourished in the Majapahit Kingdom.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

In Javanese mythology, gamelan was splattered by Sang Hyang Guru during the Saka Era, the god who controlled all the lands of Java, with his palace on Mahendra mountain in Medangkamulan (now Mount Lawu).


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Sang Hyang Master first created gongs to summon the gods.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

For a more specific message then created two gongs, then finally formed gamelan sets.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Then accompaniment musical instruments were created as well, to convey a special message.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Until then the formation of gamelan in the form of a complete set.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan developed rapidly during Majapahit times.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

It even spread to various regions such as Bali and Sunda.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Gamelan musical instruments consist of the following set of musical instruments:: Kendang Bonang Barung Bonang Successor DemungSaron Peking (Gamelan) Kenong and Kethuk Slenthem Gender Gong Gambang Rebab Siter Suling Kempul Ciri and the role of each Kendang Kendang gamelan device serves to regulate tempo in gamelan games and his most major role. JMPL|231x231px|Bonang held a “Player” (Left) Bonang & Bonang Panerus Bonang Barung is one of the leader instruments, his role is more important than Bonang Panerus.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Bonang Panerus is played 2X faster than Bonang Barung.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Demung As a balungan/skeleton of a gendhing played Also a basic melodic instrument The player must have a strong instinct Included in the Balungan family Demung has a greater sound than saron Saron 1 set gamelan there are 4 sarons Included in the Balungan family Produces a tone 1 octave higher than the demung Special technique: the right hand beats the next tone, the left hand touches the previous tone right when the right hand beats so that there are no two Peking buzzing sounds More important than the hingkuk even if the engkuk is played 2X faster than the Balungan Included in the Balungan Kenong and Kethuk Sort Gong families, but they are smaller than gongs and larger than bonang Played with Kethuk coated sticks played continuously with a fixed tempo Slenthem Sort of Demung, but thinner and has an octave Under Demung •Played with a round stick wrapped in cloth Slenthem will sound a hum when played, usually Slenthem notation is only 2 times tabuh on 1 gatra xylophone Consisting of 18 wooden slats placed on a boat-shaped resonator Played with two beaters Tone ladder that includes major and minor notes Rebab Including a swipe musical instrument made of metal Functions accompanying sinden in singing Siter Generally siter size 30cm with the number of strings 11/13 Produces a characteristic sound Has strings tuned for slendro tones and pelog Saron Gallery collection of KBRI Canberra, Australia KBRI collection Canberra, Australia Gamelan Asep Momen Indra Swara Group, Mexico Mande Karesmen building on the palace complex Kasepuhan seen the Wiyaga (gamelan composers) were discussing between the procession of Sekati gong in Kasepuhan palace, Kasepuhan sultanate, Cirebon city, on Eid al-Fitr 2014, from the ranks of Wiyaga seen Ki Waryo (son of Ki Empek) sitting the far right, Ki Adnani and then Ki Encu.


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

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Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

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Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

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Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

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Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan


Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

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Question: Where does gamelan music come from?

Gamelan

Category:Culture Cirebon Category:Sundanese Culture Category:Javanese Culture Category:Javanese Music Category:Cirebon Arts


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Brad Pitt is an American actor and film producer, whose acting career began in 1987 with unmentioned roles in the films No Way Out and Less Than Zero.


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

He later appeared in episodes for television shows in the late 1980s, and played his first major role in the Butcher film Cutting Class (1989). [1]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

He achieved fame in Thelma & Louise (1991) and A River Runs Through It (1992). [2] [3] He then took on the role of vampire Louis de Pointe du Lac in the horror drama film Interview with the Vampire (1994) and for his performance in the epic drama film Legends of the Fall (1994), he achieved the His first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor. [4]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Pitt appeared in David Fincher's comerially successful storytelling film Seven (1995), where he played a detective in the case of a psychopathic serial killer. [5]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

The role of a mental patient in the science fiction film 12 Monkeys earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination in the same category. [6] [7] He caught up with the role of Heinrich Harrer in the biopic Seven Years in Tibet (1997). [8]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Pitt re-united with Fincher to star in the apocalyptic film Fight Club (1999) in a role that saw him study boxing, taekwondo, and grappling. [9]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Due to its success and criticism, the film achieved cult status. [10] [11] Pitt played Rusty Ryan in the commercially successful heist film series Ocean's Trilogy (2001—07). [12]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

In 2002, she earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for her guest appearance in the sitcom Friends. [13]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

In that year, too, Pitt started a production company, Plan B Entertainment, [14] which originally released the war epic film Troy (2004), starring Pitt.


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

She co-starred with Angelina Jolie in the commercially successful action comedy Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005). [15]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Pitt produced the 2006 crime drama film The Departed, and acted along with Cate Blanchett in the multi-narrative drama film Babylon (2006); The Departed won the Academy Award for Best Film.


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

The character cast performed by Pitt in the drama film The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008) earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. [16]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

He started the successful war film Inglourious Basterds (2009), [17] and produced the super hero film Kick-Ass (2010) and its sequel in 2013.


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

In 2011, he achieved rave reviews for producing and starring in two films—experimental drama The Tree of Life and sports drama biopic Moneyball—both nominated at the Academy Award for Best Film. [18]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

He also earned a Best Actor nomination for the film Moneyball.


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

His greatest commercial success came from the apocalyptic film World War Z (2013), which grossed a total of $540 million worldwide. [19]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Pitt produced the period drama 12 Years a Slave (2013), which saw him win the Academy Award for Best Film [20] In 2014, he starred in the war film Fury which achieved positive reviews from critics and achieved success at the box office. [21]


Question: When did Marion Cotillard start her first film?

Brad Pitt filmography

Filmography Movie Television Theater Reference Outside Links on IMDb Pitt, Brad


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Christianity already exists in Indonesia and according to encyclopedia records, it is clear its existence in the 10th and 11th centuries. [1] [2] According to the population census in 2010, 6.96% of the Indonesian population was Protestant and 2.91% were Catholic. [3]


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Traditionally Christian regions in Indonesia are concentrated in Tanah Batak, Nias, Mentawai, inland Kalimantan, Minahasa, Poso, Tana Toraja, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku Islands and Papua.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

In Indonesian, the term “Kristen” is specifically meant to refer to reformist (Protestant) churches [4] However, the history of Christianity in Indonesia here also includes the history of Catholicism in Indonesia.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

The history of Christianity first came to Indonesia in the 7th century.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Through the church Assiria (Church of the East), namely, Pancur (Now the region of Deli Serdang) and Barus (Now the region of: Tapanuli Tengah) in Sumatra (645 AD).


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

The history of the arrival has been recorded by the Shaykh cleric Abu Salih al-Armini in his book under the FIBA title “Tadhakur Akhbar min al-Kana'is wa al-Adyar min Nawabin Mishri wa al-Iqta'aih” (List of news on churches and monastries in Egyptian provinces and beyond).


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

This list of churches and monastries from the original script in Arabic with 114 pages contains news about 707 churches and 181 Christian monastries scattered around Egypt, Nubia, Abysina, West Africa, Spain, Arabia and India.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

In his book (Abu Salih), Indonesian lands are still included in Indian territory (al-Hindah). [5].


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

The Orthodox Church is a group of Christians/Church arrivals who according to research from old historical and archaeological experts, first attended and came to Indoneia marked by/through the presence of the Nestorian Church which is the complexion of Assyrian church in the area of Fansur (Barus), in the region Mandailing, North Sumatra.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

But according to A.J. Butler M.A., the word Fahsûr should have been written Mansûr, which is a country in ancient times located in the Northwest of India, located around the Indus River. Mansur is the most famous country among the Arabs in terms of camfer commodity (al-kafur). [6]


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

The first Roman Catholics arrived in 1511 in the land of Aceh, namely from the Order of the Carmel, and 1534 in the Moluccan archipelago through the Portuguese sent for exploration.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Francis Xaverius, Roman Catholic missionary and founder of the Jesuit Order worked in the Moluccan archipelago in 1546 until 1547.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Protestanism was first introduced by the Dutch in the sixteenth century, thus affected on Calvinism and Lutheran teachings.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

In the 1960s as a result of anti-Communist and anti-Confucianism many Communist followers and Chinese claimed themselves as Christians, but many Chinese people eventually accepted Christianity and now the majority of young Chinese people are Christians.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Christians in Indonesia are freer to exercise their religion than some countries such as Malaysia, and some Arab countries.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

In the provinces of Papua and North Sulawesi, Protestantism is the majority religion.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Population numbers of Christians are also found around lake Toba in North Sumatra, East Nusa Tenggara, inland Tana Toraja, and parts of Maluku province.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Although Indonesia is predominantly Muslim, missionaries remain free to spread Christianity in Indonesia.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

And many Christian schools teach Christianity.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Protestantism in Indonesia consists of various denominations, namely Huria Kristen Batak Protestant, Pantecostal Church in Indonesia, Tiberias Church of Indonesia/Bethel Church Indonesia, Seventh-day Adventist Church, True Jesus Church, Mennonites, Methodist Church, Baptist Church, Protestant Christian Church Simalungun, and other denominations.


Question: when did christians get into Vietnam?

Christianity in Indonesia

Christianity by Province See also Religion in Indonesia List of church fellowship in Indonesia Catholic Church in Indonesia Freedom of Religion in Indonesia Fellowship of Churches and Indonesian Evangelical Institutions Fellowship of Churches in Indonesia Indonesian Pentecostal Fellowship of Chinese Churches Indonesian Fellowship of Cooperation Among Churches in Indonesia Natal in Indonesia Reference Outside Category:Churches in Indonesia


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Chickenpox or Varicela simplex is an infectious disease caused by infection with the varicella-zoster virus.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

The disease is spread aerogenously.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

The incubation period is exposed until the disease is exposed in the tempo of 2 to 3 weekends. this can be characterized by a body that feels hot but not feverish.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Symptoms At the beginning, the patient will feel a slight fever, runny nose, quickly feel tired, lethargic, and weak.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

These symptoms are typical for viral infections.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

In more severe cases, joint pain, headache and dizziness can be obtained.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

A few days later there is redness of the skin that is small in size that is first found around the chest and abdomen or back and then followed by arising in the motion members and face.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

This redness of the skin then turns into liquid-filled lenting with thin walls.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

This skin rash may feel a bit painful or itchy so it can be scratched accidentally.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

If this lenting is left it will soon dry out forming a scab (crust) which will later detach and leave patches on the darker skin (hyperpigmentation).


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

This spotting will fade over time so that some time later it will not leave any more marks.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Another case if the lenting of chickenpox is solved.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

The crust will soon form deeper so that it will dry out longer. this condition facilitates bacterial infection to occur in the scar scratching tadi. after drying out the traces of chickenpox will remove deep marks.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Moreover, if the sufferer is an adult or a young adult, the former chickenpox will be more difficult to disappear.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Recommended quarantine time For 5 days after the rash begins to appear and until all blisters have been scrawled.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

During the quarantine period it is best for patients to keep bathing as usual, because germs that are on the skin will be able to infect skin that is affected by chickenpox.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

To avoid the onset of scars that are difficult to disappear should avoid the rupture of chickenpox lenting.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

When drying the body after bathing should not rub it with a towel too hard.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

To avoid itching, should be given talc powder containing menthol so that it reduces the friction that occurs on the skin so that the skin is not irritated much.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

For those with sensitive skin can also use talc salycil powder that does not contain menthol.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Make sure you also always eat nutritious foods to speed up the healing process of the disease itself.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Consume fruits containing vitamin C such as guava and red tomatoes that can be made juice.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Diagnosis of chickenpox can be established based on signs and symptoms, with characteristic initial symptoms followed by the appearance of a rash.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

The diagnosis is confirmed by examination of fluid on the vesicles (bubbles) present in the rash, or blood examination to prove the presence of an acute immunological response.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Vesicular fluid can be examined by Tzanck examination, or examination for direct fluorescent antibody.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Liquid can also be cultured, which will be carried out the breeding of viruses from the liquid sample.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Blood examination can be used to identify acute infectious response (IgM) or previous infection and subsequent immunity (IgG). [1]


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Diagnosis of chickenpox infection in the fetus can be made using ultrasound, although it is more advisable to postpone the examination 5 weeks after the primary infection of the mother.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

PCR (DNA) examinations of amniotic fluid may also be performed, although the risk of spontaneous miscarriage due to amniocentesis procedures is higher than the infant's risk of developing fetal varicellar syndrome. [2]


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Prevention Keeping hygiene The spread of chickenpox can be prevented by isolating individuals who have been infected.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Transmission may occur through droplet exposure, or in direct contact with the lesion, during the three-day period prior to the onset of the rash up to four days after the onset of the rash. [3]


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Varicellar virus is susceptible to disinfectants, especially chlorine bleach (i.e. sodium hypochlorite).


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Like other webbed viruses (enveloped viruses), they are sensitive to drying, heat and detergents.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Vaccination Vaccination is available for children older than 12 months.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

This vaccination is also recommended for people over the age of 12 who have no immunity or those who have never been affected by the disease, because adults who are affected by this disease will usually be more severe and sometimes may faint.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

For those who have been over 50 years old should be revaccinated.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

This Varicella treatment can actually resolve on its own.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

However, it does not rule out the possibility of repeated attacks when the individual is experiencing a panoramic endurance.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Varicella disease can be prescribed “Acyclovir” in the form of tablets of 800 mg per day once every 4 hours (adult dose, that is, 12 years and older) for 7-10 days and an ointment containing 5% acyclovir thinly applied on the infected surface 6 times a day for 6 days.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

A 1% solution of “PK” dissolved in bath water is usually also used.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

After the healing period of varicella, it can be continued with the treatment of scars caused by consuming plenty of mineral water to neutralize the kidneys after taking the drug.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Consumption of vitamin C placebo or directly from fresh fruits such as guava juice, tomato juice and grapes.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Vitamin E for skin moisture can be obtained from placebo, aloe vera drink, or seaweed.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

The use of lotions containing extra moisturizing when the wound is properly healed is necessary to avoid further irritation.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Smallpox Monkey Pox is different from Chickenpox and is caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, hence it must be given effective antibiotics to kill aerobic bacteria (bacteria that require oxygen/air).


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

A feature of monkey pox is the absence of fluid in the lenting that arises, but it feels very itchy, hence it is often scratched with monkey-like behavior.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Transclusion Outer link reference error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What are the types of smallpox?

Chickenpox

Category:Infectious Diseases Category:


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon Linn.) or in Sundanese called Tangkil is a species of open-seed plant (Gymnospermae) in the form of a tree-shaped plant native to tropic Asia, melanesia, and the Western Pacific. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo is also known as belinjo, mlinjo (Javanese), tangkil (Sundanese) or bago (Malay and Tagalog), Khalet (Cambodian). [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo is widely grown in the yard as a shade or barrier of yards and mainly utilized fruit and leaves. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Unlike the other members of the Gnetum which are usually lianas, melinjo is tree-shaped. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Botanical description Melinjo is an open-seed annual plant, two-shaped tree (dioecious, there are male and female individuals). [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

The seeds are not encased in flesh but wrapped in the outer shell. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

The trunk is sturdy and can be used as a building material. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

The single leaf is oval with a blunt tip. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo does not produce true flowers and fruits because it does not belong to flowering plants. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

What is considered a fruit is actually a seed encased by a layer of fleshy aril. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo plants can grow up to 100 years more and each harvest is able to produce 80 - 100 kg of melinjo, When not pruned it can reach a height of 25 m from the soil surface [2].


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo plants can be propagated by generative (seed) or vegetative (grafting, grafting, splicing and cuttings). [2]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Place of Life The melinjo plant can grow on clay/loam, sandy and calcareous soils, but not resistant to waterlogged or high-acid soils and can grow from a height of 0 - 1,200 m above. [2]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

The land to be planted melinjo must be open or exposed to sunlight, planting pit measuring 60 X 60 X 75 cm, with a planting distance of 6 - 8 m. [2]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo can be found in dry to tropical regions. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

To grow and thrive, melinjo does not require highly nutritious soils or special climates. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo can adapt to a wide temperature range. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

This is what causes melinjo is very easy to find in various areas except coastal areas because this plant cannot grow in areas that have high salt levels. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo plants can not only be found in forests and plantations. [2]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

In some areas melinjo plants are grown in the yard of houses or home gardens and are utilized by the residents directly. [2]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo utilization is rarely cultivated intensively. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

The wood can be used as a simple board material and household appliance. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Its young leaves (referred to as so in Javanese) are used as a vegetable (for example, in vegetable asem). [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Flowers (male and female) and seeds that are still small (pentil) or cooked are also used as vegetables. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo seeds also become emping raw materials. [1] .The skin can be used as shredded melinjo bark. [1]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Nutrition Content Research that has been conducted on melinjo shows that melinjo produces antioxidant compounds. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

This antioxidant activity is obtained from a high protein concentration, 9-10 percent in each melinjo seed. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

The main protein is 30 kilos Dalton which is very effective for eliminating free radicals that cause various diseases. [3].


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

In Japan research was conducted and it was reported that melinjo belongs to ancient plants that are evolutionarily close to the Ginkgo biloba plant in Japan. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Ginkgo is the oldest living tree species, which has been growing for 150-200 million years and is believed to be a brain tonic because it strengthens memory. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Ginkgo leaves also have powerful antioxidant properties and play an important role in the oxidation of free radicals that cause premature aging and senile dementia. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

To date, a doctor in biochemistry from Osaka Prefecture University, Japan has isolated two types of proteins that exhibit high antioxidant activity. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

From all parts of the melinjo plant that had been extracted, ranging from leaves, bark of stems, roots, to seeds, found the most potential protein is from seeds. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Research shows the antioxidant activity of this phenolic content is equivalent to the synthetic antioxidant BHT (Butylated Hydroxytolune). [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

In addition melinjo is also a natural antimicrobial. [4]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

That means melinjo protein can also be used as a natural food preservative as well as a new drug for diseases caused by bacteria. [4]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Peptides isolated from melinjo seeds are indicated to have active potential to inhibit several types of gram-positive and negative bacteria. [4].


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Gout Many myths say that melinjo can cause a significant rise in uric acid (Hyperuricemia). [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

This is true because melinjo contains purines. [4]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Increased uric acid occurs due to impaired purine metabolism and excessive intake of purines from food. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Hyperuricemia occurs due to impaired uric acid discharge by the kidneys. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Hyperuricemia can be caused by genetic factors and can be derived. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Consumption of foods with high purines, excessive consumption of sugar and fat can increase uric acid levels. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Overweight, diuretic drug users, weight loss diets, also often cause hyperuricemia. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

However, if it is not consumed excessively and the way it is processed correctly it will not cause gout. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Excessive consumption and cooking oil used to fry emping processed melinjo caused the level of uric acid to increase. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

So, it is not melinjo itself that causes gout, because when it is prepared in other forms of food without oil and not consumed excessively it will not cause an increase in uric acid. [3]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Indonesia Export Commodity Indonesia is a country that makes melinjo seeds as export commodities in considerable quantities. [5]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Melinjo will be harvested and produce fruit after 5-6 years after seed planting. [5]


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

In the area of West Sumatra annually it is reported to produce 20,000- 25,000 melinjo fruit and its seed production reaches 80- 100 kg per tree per year [5].


Question: What are the main benefits of melinjo leaves?

Melinjo

Category:Seed Plants Category:Foodstuffs Category:Gnetaceae Category:Agricultural Crops


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

The following list of toll roads in Indonesia is a list of toll roads throughout Indonesia.


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

The official institution dealing with toll roads in Indonesia is the Toll Road Regulatory Agency.


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

The following list of toll roads contains toll roads that have been operating, are in the stage of construction in the field and toll roads that have been owned by the operator/Toll Road Business Entity (BUJT).


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

Toll roads in the auction stage or that are still just discourse are not put on the list.


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

Some areas that have been operated on an emergency basis only in a certain time such as the homecoming season such as Solo - Ngawi Toll Road in this list has not been counted as operating (marked in green) until completely inaugurated.


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

Reference Outside links.


Question: What is the name of the longest toll road in Indonesia?

List of toll roads in Indonesia

Main Page Road


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The Digital Revolution is a change from analog mechanical and electronic technology to digital technology that has occurred since 1980 and continues to this day.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

That revolution at first may have been sparked by a generation of teenagers born in the '80s. Analogous to the agricultural revolution, the Industrial revolution, the digital revolution marked the beginning of the Information Age. [1]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

This digital revolution has changed the way one looks at living today's highly sophisticated life.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

A technology that makes great changes to the rest of the world, from helping to make things easier to make the problem of not being able to use this increasingly sophisticated digital facility properly and properly.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Here's a brief history regarding the Digital Revolution in the technological development of the world.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The fundamental history of Technology Cob Technology was discovered in 1980 and became economical to adobsess widely after the invention of the Personal Computer.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The technology of the digital revolution converted earlier was analog into a digital format.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In digital communications for example hardware repeats the ability of being able to amplify digital signals and pass them around without losing information in the signal.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Equally important to the revolution is the ability to easily move digital information between media, and to access or distribute it remotely. [2]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The Development of Digital Technology The development of Computer Computer is an electronic system to manipulate data quickly and precisely and is designed and organized to automatically receive and store input data, process it, and produce output under the supervision of a step instructions- program instructions and stored in memory (program storage).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Data processing using a computer is known as Electronic Data Processing (PDE) or Electronic Data Processing (EDP).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Data processing is the manipulation of data into a more useful and more meaningful form of information by using an electronic device, namely a computer.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The computer we use today does not necessarily appear just like that but through a long process in its evolution.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The fact that the advent of the computer can probably be seen in historical flashbacks since the use of Abacus — invented in Babylonia (Iraq) czczc 5000 years ago — as the first manual calculation tool, both in the scope of schools and merchants, at that time.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In later periods there have been many mechanical calculating tools of a kind namely Pascaline invented by Blaine Pascal in 1642, Arithometer by Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar in 1820, Babbage's Folly by Charles Babbage in 1822, and Hollerith by Herman Hollerith in 1889.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

All of them are still in the form of machines completely without electric power.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The size and complexity of its structure are based on the level of operation of the calculations performed.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

It was only in 1940 that a new era of electric computers began since the invention of electric computers that implemented Boolean algebra systems. [3]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In the decade of the 1980s computers became machines familiar to the general public in developed countries, and millions of people bought computers for home use, including 17 million Commodore 64 s themselves between 1982 and 1994. [4]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The birth of the World Wide Web/WWW In 1992 the World Wide Web was released to [5] with 1996, the Internet was in the mainstream consciousness and many business websites listed in their advertising.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

By 1999, nearly every country had a connection, and more than half of America used the Internet regularly.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In 1989, 15% of households in the United States owned computers, in 2000, this was up to 51%. [6]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The history of the Web began at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (better known as CERN), in the city of Geneva near the border of France and Switzerland.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

CERN is an organization founded by 18 countries in Europe.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In March 1989, Tim Berners Lee and other researchers from CERN proposed an information distribution system protocol on the Internet that allows its members scattered around the world to share information and even to display the information in the form of graphs.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The first Web Browser was created based on text.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

To declare a link, a line of numbers similar to a menu is created.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The user types a number to navigate inside the Web.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Most of the software is made for computers that use the UNIX Operating System, and there is not much that can be done by computer users at that time who have used Windows.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

But all this changed after the advent of the Mosaic browser from the NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing Applications).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In 1990, Berners-Lee, who was 35 this time, rethought and revived her project.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

This time he was working with a very sophisticated machine, the NeXT computer made by Steve Jobs (Apple founder).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Incidentally, those computers have the right alloy of hardware and software to display information visually. [7]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Over the course of several months, Berners-Lee rewrote his computer program and successfully created a browser, a type of internet explorer device.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

He also created several web pages that could be accessed.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

This was the first version of the World Wide Web, a name self-imposed by Berners-Lee and commonly abbreviated WWW.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Mobile Phones are becoming a common sight in western countries, with cinemas starting to show adverts telling people to silence their phones.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Martin Cooper is the inventor of mobile phones used by more than half of the world's population.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The first handset was born in 1973 with the help of the Motorola team weighing two kilograms.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

When he suffered on the streets of New York and made the first cell phone call from his mobile phone prototype, he never imagined his home-made device would be a success one day.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

To manufacture the first mobile phone, Motorola required a cost equivalent to US$1 million.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

“In 1983, portable phones cost US$4 thousand (Rp36 million) equivalent to US$10 thousand (Rp90 million).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Cooper said that his team faced the challenge of how to put all the ingredients into a mobile phone for the first time.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

But finally industrial designers have done a super job and engineers completed the first two kilograms of mobile phone devices.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

“A very important ingredient for the first phones was a battery weighing four or five times than the phones that exist today.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Battery life time 20 minutes. [8]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

After revolutionizing society in the [[developed]] world in the 1990s, the digital revolution spread to the masses in the developing world in the 2000s. By the end of 2005 the Internet population reached 1 billion and 3 billion people worldwide mobile phones used by the end of the decade.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Currently, television is transitioning from analog to digital signal [9] Social Networking Site Social networking site is a service-based web that allows its users to create profiles, view available user lists, as well as invite or receive friends to join the site aforementioned. [10]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The relationship between mobile devices and internet web pages over “social networks” has become standard in digital communications.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The beginning of this social networking site appeared in 1997 with several sites that were born based on trust after that the glory of social networking sites began to be in demand starting from the 2000s as well as 2004 appeared a friendship site called Friendster further into the following years 2005 and onwards appear sites such as MySpace, Facebook, Twitter and others.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The Age is getting more sophisticated because of the ever-refurbished technology, everything today is easier to do.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In addition to the positive impact many negative impacts caused from social networks.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Digital technology is growing The more advanced digital technology today is making major changes to the world.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The birth of a wide variety of increasingly advanced digital technologies has sprung up a lot and prompted a shift referred to as digital transformation.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Various people have been facilitated in accessing information through many ways, and can enjoy the facilities of digital technology freely and controllably.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

But in pity the growing technology is precisely the more crime detected.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Therefore, everything should have copyright protection and control children and young people especially.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

So many online games are causing child mental harm today, pornography and copyright infringement are widely violated.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Conversion of Developmental Gramophone Note Technology to CD to .Mp3: Initially, the LPs were a tool that had a vibrating pen to produce sound from a disc, the tool needed to rotate the LPs was Gramophone as technology developed later LPs serve to record sound or video and once it evolves into CDs, CDs are created in an effort to streamline music storage media by improving the quality of sound produced.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Then MP3, to make it easier to hear or play video/music.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

VHS tape for DVD for Blu-ray: A new format for storing data in the form of videos.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The format was created to meet the need for HDTV (High Definition TV) technology which promises much sharper video quality.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

A single piece of Blu-ray is capable of storing up to 27 GB of data.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

It is equivalent to 2 hours of video with high quality (high definition) or about 13 hours of standard video quality.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

As for the double layer, it is capable of holding up to 54 GB for about 4.5 hours of video with high quality or 20 hours of standard video quality.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

There are even plans to develop continually its size up to twice as large.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Analog broadcasting for digital broadcasting Payphone to mobile phone E-book Mail to email Analog Photography to Digital Photography Basic Information and Communication Technology Underlying the digital revolution is the development of digital electronic computers, which are personal computers, and in particular microprocessors with its performance steadily increasing (as described by [[Moore [s law]]), allowing computer technology to be embedded into a wide range of large objects from cameras to personal music players.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Equally important is the development of transmission technologies including computer networks, the Internet and digital broadcasting. 3G mobile phones, which grew rapidly social penetration in 2000, also played a very big role in the digital revolution as they simultaneously provided entertainment in ubiquity, communication, and online connectivity.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Information Technology is not only limited to computer technology (hardware and software) used to store information, it also includes communication technology to transmit information.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Social and Economic Impact Positive effects Positive aspects include greater interconnectedness, easier communication, and exposure to information that in the past could more easily have been oppressed by totalitarian regimes.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The economic impact of the digital revolution has been huge.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Without the World Wide Web (WWW), for example, globalization and outsourcing would not be nearly as feasible as they are now.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The digital revolution is radically changing the way individuals and companies interact.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Small area companies were suddenly given access to much larger markets.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Concepts such as On-demand services and manufacturing and rapidly dropping technology costs make new innovations possible in all aspects of industry and everyday life.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

After initial concerns an IT Productivity Paradox is growing evidence that digital technology has significantly improved productivity and business performance. [11]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The advancement of all-digital information technology brings people into the revolutionary world of business (digital revolution era) because it is perceived to be easier, cheaper, practical, and dynamic in communicating and obtaining information.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Like the internet for example is currently a solution for some circles.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In this increasingly open age that everything feels easier and practical of course behind this perfection there are many negative sides or negative impacts.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Then everything that is done must satisfy the process to protect every copyright.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Negative effects Negative effects include information overload of internet predators, and media saturation.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In some cases, company employees use pervasive portable digital devices and related working computers for personal use - email, instant messaging, then online computer games or not often found or considered to reduce one's productivity.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Today, the torturous changes caused by online gaming occur in children and adolescents because they spend too much time at the computer they become productive in doing things and problems with eye health and other diseases not to mention moral damage.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Personal computing and non-activities related digital work in the workplace thus help lead to powerful forms of privacy invasion, such as recording keystrokes and application filtering information (spyware and content-control software).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In addition, there are also many negative effects due to too free porn sites, it is not good for someone when constantly witnessing it because it can damage the performance of the brain and nerves.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

As well as the problems that so many have to do with this increasingly widespread technology.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Information and privacy Privacy in general became a concern during the digital revolution.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The ability to store and utilize such large amounts of diverse information opened up possibilities for tracking individual activities and interests.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Social libertarian and privacy rights advocates fear the possibility of an Orwellian future in which power structures centralized control of the people through automated monitoring surveillance and personal information in programs such as the CIA Information Awareness Office [12].


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Consumers and support personnel oppose the ability to steer the market for individuals, discrimination in hiring and lending decisions, invasively monitor employee behavior and communication and generally profit from involuntarily shared personal information.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The Internet, especially the WWW in the 1990s, opened new avenues for communication and information sharing.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The ability to share information easily and quickly on a global scale brings with it a new level of [freedom [of speech]].


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Individuals and organizations were suddenly given the ability to publish about any topic, to a global audience, at negligible cost, especially compared to any previous communications technology.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Large cooperation projects can be undertaken (e.g. Open source project software, SETI @ home).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Communities of like-minded individuals were formed (e.g. MySpace, Tribe.net).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Small area companies were suddenly given access to larger markets.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In other cases, special interest groups as well as social and religious institutions found much of the content objectionable, even harmful.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Many parents and religious organizations, especially in the United States, are becoming concerned about pornography being more readily available to minors.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

In other circumstances the proliferation of information regarding topics such as child pornography, making bombs, committing acts of terrorism, and other violent activities alarmed many different groups of people.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Such concerns contributed to arguments for censorship and regulation in the WWW.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Copyright Copyright is also finding new life in the digital revolution.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The widespread ability of consumers to produce and distribute precise reproductions of protected works dramatically altered the intellectual property landscape, particularly in the music, film, and television industries.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The digital revolution, particularly regarding sharing privacy, copyright, censorship and information, remains a controversial topic.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

As the digital revolution develops it remains unclear what extent society is affected and will be transformed in the future.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Copyright is legal terminology describing the rights granted to creators for their works within the fields of science, art and literature.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Types of works protected by copyright are: books, computer programs, pamphlets, the arrangement of published written works, and all other written works; lectures, lectures, speeches and other creations that are realized in the manner spoken: props made for the benefit of education and science: the creation of songs or music with or without text, including karawitan, and sound recordings; drama, dance (choreography), puppetry, pantomime; performance works; broadcast works; fine arts in all forms such as painting, drawing, engraving, calligraphy, sculpting art, sculptures, collages, applied arts in the form of handicraft arts: architecture, maps, batik art, photography, cinematography, translation, interpretation, saduran, potpourri, and other works of transference. The original creator and his heirs are protected by copyright, and they have certain basic rights.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The right is the right to promulgate or reproduce its creation; giving the other party permission to exercise its rights by not prejudicing restrictions under applicable laws and regulations.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The creator of a work may prohibit or not allow others to perform: listening/exposing to the public, such as stage stories or musical works Impersonation in various forms, such as print publications or recorded sound recordings Recording: e.g. in CD, cassette, or Video Broadcasting: via radio, cable or satellite Translation into other languages or adapting, for example a novel made into a widescreen film Many works protected by copyright require distribution, communication, and financial investment for their dissemination (e.g. sound recordings and films).


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Furthermore, creators often sell the rights to their works to individuals or companies that have high marketing capabilities so as to provide large income.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Payment usually depends on actual use of the work, which is then referred to as royalties.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

These economical rights have time limits, namely in general up to 50 years after the creator dies, with some exceptions on some forms of copyright works.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Such time limits give creators and heirs the opportunity to take financial advantage within a rational time frame.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Copyright also protects moral rights, namely the right to demand ownership of a work, and the right not to consent to changes that may harm the reputation of its creator. [13]


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Awareness Although there have been great benefits to society from the digital revolution, especially in terms of information accessibility there are a number of concerns.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The expanded power of communication and information sharing, increasing capabilities for existing technologies, and the emergence of new technologies brings with it many potential opportunities for exploitation.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The digital revolution helped usher in a new era of mass surveillance, generating a new range of civil and human rights issues.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Data reliability is an issue because information can easily be replicated, but not easily verified.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

The digital revolution made it possible to store and track facts, articles, statistics, as well as minutia not feasible until now.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

From a historian's perspective, most of human history is known through physical objects from the past that have been found or preserved, especially in written documents.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Digital archives are easy to create but also easy to remove and modify.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Changes in format storage can make data recovery difficult or nearly impossible as can storage of information on outdated media for which reproductive equipment is not available, and even identifying what such data is and whether it is of interest can be almost impossible otherwise again easy to read or if there is a large number of such files to identify.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Information is passed off as authentic research or studies must be researched and verified.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

With such a large proliferation of information it becomes possible to write an article citing entirely false sources, also based on false sources.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

These problems are further compounded by the use of digital rights management technology that is being designed to only allow data to be read on certain machines, possibly making future data recovery impossible.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

Interestingly, the Voyager Golden Record, intended to be read by the extraterrestrial intelligent (perhaps a suitable parallel for a human from the distant future), is recorded in analog, rather than a digital format specifically for easy interpretation and analysis.


Question: When did digital technology begin to evolve?

Digital Revolution

It is not easy to make digital technology as the development of Information and Communication Technology that is so rapid at this time inevitably, agree or disagree will certainly open the horizon of our thinking that in the virtual universe there are various kinds of information or sources study that is not infinite in number.