Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Discrimination remains despite the fact that there is no rise in the number of birth disabilities or congenital malformations among children born to survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings. [254]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Research into the long-term psychological impact on survivors found that while 17—20 years had passed since the bombing, the likelihood of anxiety and somatization symptoms among survivors was actually higher than in previous years. [255]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Double survivor On March 24, 2009, the Japanese government officially recognized Tsutomu Yamaguchi as a double hibakusha.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

He was known to be on a business trip and was 3km (1.9mi) from point zero in Hiroshima when Little Boy exploded.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

He suffered serious burns to his left side and stayed overnight in Hiroshima.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

He arrived in his home town, Nagasaki, on August 8, the day before Fat Man was dropped.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

He was exposed to residual radiation while seadng searching for relatives of his family.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

He was the first survivor of two atomic bombings officially recognized by the Japanese government. [256]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Yamaguchi passed away on January 4, 2010 at the age of 93 after battling stomach cancer. [257]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

The documentary Twice Survived: The Doubly Atomic Bombed of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (2006) documented 165 nijū hibakusha (victims affected by a double explosion) and premiered at the United Nations. [258]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Korean survivors During the war, Japan brought approximately 670,000 Koreans to Japan for forced labor. [259]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

About 20,000 Koreans were killed in Hiroshima and another 2,000 perished in Nagasaki.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

One in seven Hiroshima victims is estimated to be of Korean descent.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

For so many years, ethnic Koreans had trouble gaining recognition as atomic bomb victims and did not receive health benefits.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Most of these cases are settled through lawsuits. [260]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

The debate around bombing The atomic bomb is not only a terrible weapon of destruction; [the atomic bomb is also] a psychological weapon. —Henry L. Stimson, 1947 [261] The role of bombing in Japan's surrender and ethical justification by the United States has been a topic of debate among scholars and the public for many years.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

J.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Samuel Walker wrote in his April 2005 historiographic review, “the controversy surrounding the use of the bomb appears to be still going on.”


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

He wrote that, “the fundamental problem that has divided scientists for nearly forty years is the need not to use bombs in order to win the war in the Pacific as the United States wants. “[262]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Advocates generally assert that both bombing events triggered the surrender of Japan and prevented the fall of casualties on either side during the time of Operation Downfall.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

One of the famous sentences, “One hundred million people [inhabitants of the Empire of Japan] ready to die for the Emperor and his Nation," [263] serves as a unifying slogan of the nation, but the sentence is actually a companion to the phrase “ten thousand years”. [264]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

In Truman's 1955 Memoirs, “he stated that the atomic bomb may have saved half a million United States services—the estimated number of casualties of the Allied invasion into Japan whose plan was implemented that November.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Stimson talked about saving one U.S. soldier as well, and Churchil talked about saving one million U.S. soldiers and half a million British soldiers. “[265]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Scientists expose a number of alternative scenarios that could end the war without invasion, but those scenarios would instead kill many Japanese citizens. [266]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Advocates also refer to a Japanese War Ministry order of August 1, 1944 ordering the execution of Allied prisoners of war if a prisoner-of-war encampment turned into a combat zone. [267]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Opponents of bombing mention several reasons: the belief that atomic bombs are inherently immoral, bombing can be categorized as a war crime, atomic bombing is unnecessary from a military point of view, atomic bombing is classified as state terrorism, [268] and bombing provoked by racism and dehumanization against the Japanese nation.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Another view popular among critics of the bombing was expounded by Gar Alperovitz in 1965 and became a fixed opinion in Japanese school history textbooks.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

That view explains atomic diplomacy: The United States used nuclear weapons to intimidate the Soviet Union in the early stages of the Cold War. [269]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Atomic bombing was part of a regular (conventional) bombing campaign that was just as severe.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Ordinary bombing accompanied by sea blocking and the fall of Germany (resulting in the displacement of troops) would lead Japan to surrender in the end.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

When the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, the Soviet Union launched a surprise attack involving 1.6million soldiers against the Kwantung Army in Manchuria.


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

According to Japanese historian Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, “the Soviet entry into the war scene played a greater role in Japan's surrender than atomic bombing because [the Soviet invasion] nurtured Japan's hopes of ending the war through the mediation of Moscow”. [270]


Question: what is the number of countries that used atomic bombs during the 2nd world war?

Footnote Reference Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (help) CS1 maint: Extra text (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: editors list (link) Advanced reading Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored ) Outlinks Archives The short film is available for free download at the Internet Archive The short film is available for free download at the Internet Archive on YouTube public domain audiobook at LibriVox Warning — video by Democracy Now! 2005 website commemorating 60th anniversary Category:Environment of 1945 Category:Japan in 1945 Category:Anti-Japanese sentiment in the United States Category:Articles containing video footage


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Main Page Kamen Rider Wizard (ライーコ) is the 23rd serial of the Kamen Rider Serial and the 14th heisei serial.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kamen Rider Wizard has been catum as a trademark on the title filed by Toei on June 21, 2012.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

It began airing on September 2, 2012, joining Tokumei Sentai Go-Busters and later Zyuden Sentai Kyoryuger in the Super Hero Time line-up following Kamen Rider Fourze's finale.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

With the finished Wizard in episode 53, Kamen Rider Gaim joins Kyoryuger as part of Super Hero Time.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Tsuyoshi Kida is the main screenwriter on the series.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The theme of the series is witches and wonders.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Plot A mysterious ceremony is held at the time of the occurrence of a solar eclipse to awaken a demon called the Phantom into the world.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Haruto Soma, who survived the ritual, gains mystic powers and receives the WizarDriver belt and Wizard Rings from a mysterious person called the White Witch, so that he can protect everyone's hopes by becoming Kamen Rider Wizard.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Then, there will be a man named Kosuke Nitoh appearing as an “ancient wizard” to become Kamen Rider Beast to feed on his Phantom magical powers to survive and he can also become Haruto's rival or ally sometimes.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Wizards Wizards In The Magic World Phantom Phantom (レント) Are Monsters Who Used To Be Human But Experience Despair, They Follow A One Called “Wiseman” To Create More Phantoms.They Call The Hunted People Called “Gates” .Gates is a Target A human being who will be made a Phantom and that is a certain person so the point is that the Phantom is assigned to make people fall into despair but if someone is lucky they will be chosen to be the main rider and given a power of magic, for that Haruto/Wizard must enter into the future Then the Person and defeated the Phantom Host Before The Gates Became Phantom.All Phantom serialized is based on Western Mythology Characters.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Episode 1.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Ringed Magician 2.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

I Want to Be a Magician 3.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Transform!


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Live Broadcast 4.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Doll and the Pianist 5.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Deciding Match of the Contest 6.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

To a Beautiful Flower 7.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Buying Memories 8.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

A New Magic Stone 9.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Dragon's Cry 10.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The National Security Agency's Section Zero 11.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Promise to Defend 12.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Wagashi of Hope 13.


Question: who is Kamen Rider Fourze's producer?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Heir to the Dream 14.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Film Director Came Back 15.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

After the Last Scene is...


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Miracle of Christmas 17.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Another Magician 18.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Magic of Food 19.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Today's Life, the Life of Tomorrow 20.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Learning the Truth 21.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Dragons' Wild Dance 22.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Phoenix's Rampage 23.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Decisive Battle 24.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Magician's Grandmother 25.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Choosing the Life 26.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Academy Infiltration 27.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Big Sister and Little Sister 28.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Stolen Belt 29.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Evolving Wild Beast 30.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Day Magic Vanished 31.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Tears 32.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Dangerous Part-Time Job 33.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Things Money Cannot Buy 34.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Reverse Side of a Popular Model 35.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Other Side of Sora 36.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Myna Speaks 37.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Wanted: Despair 38.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Stolen Hope 39.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

What was Forgotten on the Pitch 40.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

I Want to Ride a Bike 41.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

A Magician's Fate 42.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Ringed Novelist 43.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The White Wizard's Secret 44.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Son's Keepsake 45.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

A Smile in the Chest 46.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Shattered Memory 47.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Wiseman's Truth 48.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Philosopher's Stone 49.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Beginning of the Sabbath 50.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Important Thing is...


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Last Hope 52.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The Kamen Rider Rings 53.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Neverending Story Movie Kamen Rider × Kamen Rider Wizard & Fourze: Movie War Ultimatum Kamen Rider × Super Sentai × Space Sheriff: Super Hero Taisen Z Kamen Rider × Kamen Rider Gaim & Wizard: The Fateful Sengoku Movie Battle Heisei Rider vs. Showa Rider: Kamen Rider Taisen feat.


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Super Sentai Movie Special Kamen Rider Wizard Hyper Battle DVD: Showtime with the Dance Ring Cast Haruto Soma (人, Sōma Haruto?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Shunya Shiraishi (白石), Shiraishi Shunya?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Koyomi (コ, Koyomi?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Makoto Okunaka (, Okunaka Makoto?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Shunpei Nara (平, Nara Shunpei?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Junki Tozuka (, Totsuka Junki?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Rinko Daimon (大下子, Daimon Rinko?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Yuko Takayama (高山子, Takayama Yūko?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kosuke Nitoh (, Nitō Kōsuke?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Tasuku Nagase (, Nagase Tasuku?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Shigeru Wajima (, Wajima Shigeru?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Hisahiro Ogura (小, Ogura Hisahiro?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Misa Inamori (Medusa) (), Inamori Misa (Medyūsa)?) , Mayu Inamori (), Inamori Mayu?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Erina Nakayama (中山, Nakayama Erina?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Yugo Fujita (Phoenix) (), Fujita Yūgo (Fenikkusu)?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Atsumi (海, Atsumi?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Sora Takigawa (Gremlin) (川), Takigawa Sora (Guremurin)?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Takahisa Maeyama (山), Maeyama Takahisa?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The manager at the Donut shop (ドーパ長, Dōnatsuya Tenchō?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kaba-chan (KABA., Kaba-chan?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Worker at the Donut shop (ドーコ, Dōnatsuya Ten'in?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Ryō Tayano (田原, Tayano Ryō?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Chief of police (長, Shōchō?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Takayasu Komiya (小), Komiya Takayasu?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Masanori Kizaki (, Kizaki Masanori?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Naoki Kawano (, Kawano Naoki?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Sōu Fueki (, Fueki Sō?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Narushi Ikeda (田明, Ikeda Narushi?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Yuzuru Iijima (, Iijima Yuzuru?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Shinta Sōma (馬太, Sōma Shinta?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Masahiro Yamamoto (山本, Yamamoto Masahiro?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Shingo Kawaguchi (, Kawaguchi Shingo?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

The White Witch (The White Wizard) (白い , Voice): Toshitsugu Takashina (高, Takashina Toshitsugu?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Wiseman (イマン, Waizuman? , Voice): Toshio Furukawa ()


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

WizarDragon (), Wizādoragon? , Voice): Ryūzaburō Ōtomo (大元三, Ōtomo Ryūzaburō?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Beast Chimera (ーストキマイ, Bīsutokimaira? , Voice): Tomomichi Nishimura (西)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Narrative (ドレーシン, Narēshon?) :


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Hiroaki Hirata (平田明, Hirata Hiroaki?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kamen Rider Wizard suit actor: Seiji Takaiwa (高), Takaiwa Seiji?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kamen Rider Wizard (extreme martial arts actor): Hideki Sugiguchi (), Sugiguchi Hideki?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kamen Rider Beast, White Wizard, Phoenix, Wiseman: Jun Watanabe (, Watanabe Jun?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Kamen Rider Mage: Satoshi Fujita (田, Fujita Satoshi?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Medusa: Toshihiro Ogura (), Ogura Toshihiro?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Gremlin, Kamen Rider Beast (unstudied): Kazuya Okada (田和, Okada Kazuya?)


Question: who is the producer of Kamen Rider Fourze?

Kamen Rider Wizard

Outlinks Category:Kamen Rider Serial Category:Tokusatsu Category:Japanese Dramas of 2012


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Nahdlatul 'Ulama (Awakening 'Ulema or Awakening of Islamic Scholars), abbreviated as NU, is the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia. [3]


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The organization was established on 31 January 1926 and engaged in religious, educational, social, and economic fields.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

History Due to colonization and the result of the confinement of tradition, has stirred the awareness of learned people to fight for the dignity of this nation, through the way of education and organization.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The movement that emerged 1908 was known as the “National Awakening”.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The spirit of resurrection continued to spread - after the indigenous people became aware of their suffering and abandonment with other peoples.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In answer, there arose various educational and liberation organizations.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In response to the national awakening, Nahdlatul Wathan (Awakening of the Fatherland) was formed in 1916.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Later in 1918 was established Taswirul Afkar or also known as “Nahdlatul Fikri” (awakening of thought), as a social political education of people and religious students.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

From there was then established Nahdlatut Tujjar, (movement of merchants).


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The union was used as a base to improve the economy of the people.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

With the existence of Nahdlatul Tujjar, then Taswirul Afkar, besides appearing as a study group also became an educational institution that developed very rapidly and had branches in several cities.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Departing from the emergence of various committees and organizations that are embryonal and ad hoc, then it is felt necessary to form a more encompassing and more systematic organization, to anticipate the development of the times.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

So after coordinating with various kyai, because it is not accommodated kyai from traditional circles to follow the world Islamic concurrence in Indonesia and the Middle East finally came an agreement from the scholars of boarding schools to form an organization called Nahdlatul Ulama ( Awakening Ulama) on 16 Rajab 1344 AH (31 January 1926) in Surabaya City.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The organization was led by K. H. Hasjim Asy'ari as Rais Akbar.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

There are many factors.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Among the factors was the development and renewal of Islamic thought which desired the banning of all forms of amaliah of the Sunnis.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

A thought for Muslims to return to “pure” Islamic teachings, that is, by means of Muslims breaking away from the madzhab system.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

For the kiai boarding school, the renewal of true religious thought remains an inevitability, but still not by abandoning the scientific traditions of the former scholars that are still relevant.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

To that end, Jam'iyah Nahdlatul Ulama was urgent enough to be established immediately.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

To affirm the basic principles of this organization, then K. H. Hasjim Ash'ari formulated the book Qanun Human (basic principle), then also formulated the book I'tiqad Ahlussunnah Wal Jamaah.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Both books were then spelled out in the NU khittah, which is used as the basis and reference of NU citizens in thinking and acting in social, religious and political spheres.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Religious Understandings NU adheres to Ahlussunah waljama'ah, a mindset that takes a middle way between extreme aqli (rationalist) and extreme naqli (skripturalist).


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Therefore the source of Islamic law for NU is not only the Qur'an, the Sunnah, but also using the ability of reason coupled with empiric reality.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Such ways of thinking are referenced from earlier thinkers such as Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari and Abu Mansur Al Maturidi in theology/Tauhid/Lordship.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Then in the field of fiqh are more likely to follow the madhab: Imam Shafi'i and confess three other madzhabs: Imam Hanafi, Imam Maliki, and Imam Hanbali as depicted in the 4-starred NU emblem below.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

While in the field of tasawuf, developed the method of Al-Ghazali and Sheikh Juneid al-Bagdadi, which integrated between tasawuf and sharia.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The idea of returning kehittah in 1984, is an important momentum to reinterpret the teachings of ahlussunnah wal worshipers, as well as reformulate thinking methods, both in the fields of fiction and social.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

As well as reformulating NU's relationship with the state.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The movement successfully re-aroused the passion of thought and social dynamics within NU.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Nahdlatul Ulama Board List List of Chairmen Nahdlatul Ulama Chairman Supporters Base. In determining the base of supporters or citizens of NU there are several terms that need to be clarified, namely: members, supporters or sympathizers, as well as traditionalist Muslims who are compatible with NU.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

If a citizen's term is equated with a member's term, then to this day there is not a single official document that can be referred to it.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

This is because to date there has been no serious effort in the NU body at any level to manage its membership.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

When viewed in terms of supporters or sympathizers, there are two ways of looking at it.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In terms of politics, it can be seen from the number of votes of parties based or associated with NU, such as PKBU, PNU, PKU, SUNI Party, and some of PPP.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

While in terms of religious understanding, it can be seen from the number of people who support and follow the understanding of NU.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

So in this case can be referred to the research results of Saiful Mujani (2002) which range 48% of Muslim Indonesian students.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Suaidi Asyari [4] estimates that there are about 51 million of Muslim students of Indonesia can be said to be supporters or followers of NU religious understanding.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The overall number of Muslim students called up to 80 million or more, are those who understand their religion as they understand the spirit of NU.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

But not necessarily they are all citizens or want to be called affiliated with NU.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Based on their location and karaktaristics, the majority of NU followers are located on the islands of Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Sumatra.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In recent developments it is seen that NU followers have diverse professions, although most of them are commoners both in urban and rural.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

They have a high cohesiveness, because socioeconomically have the same problem, and besides it is equally very animating the teachings of ahlus sunnah wal worshipers.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

By and large they have quite strong ties to the world of boarding schools which are centers of folk education and NU cultural reserves.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

This NU support base is likely to undergo a shift.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In parallel with the development and development of industrialization, then the NU population in the village many migrated to the city entered the industrial sector.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

So if during this time the NU base is stronger in the rural peasant sector, then when in the labor sector in urban, it is also quite dominant.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Likewise with the opening of the education system, the intellectual base within NU also expanded, in line with the rapid social mobility that occurred during this time.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

NU has recently had a number of doctorates or masters in various fields of science other than Islamic sciences both from home and abroad, including Western countries.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

However, these doctorates and masters have not been utilized to the maximum by NU administrators in almost every NU stewardship.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Organization Goals to uphold Islamic teachings according to Ahlussunnah waljama'ah understanding in the midst of community life, in the container of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Enterprises In the field of religion, implementing the dawah of Islamiyah and increasing the sense of brotherhood that is based on the spirit of unity in difference.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In the field of education, conducting education in accordance with Islamic values, to form Muslims who are righteous, virtuous, knowledgeable.This is evident by the birth of educational institutions with nuance of NU and has been spread in various regions especially in Java Island .


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In the field of socio-culture, strive for the welfare of the people and culture in accordance with the values of Islamic and humanitarian.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In the field of economics, strive for equalization of opportunities to enjoy the results of development, by prioritizing the development of the people's economy.This is characterized by the birth of BMT and other Financial Entities that have been proven to help the community.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Develop other businesses that benefit the wider community.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

NU strives to serve and be the best for the community.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Large Management Structure (Central level).


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Regional Management (Provincial level), there are 33 Regions.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Branch Management (Regency/City level) or Special Branch Board for overseas management, there are 439 Branches and 15 Special Branches.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The Board of Majlis Vice Branch/MWC (District level), there are 5,450 Deputy Branch Assembly.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Twig Board (Village/Village level), there are 47,125 Twig.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

For the Center, Region, Branch, and Vice Branch Assembly, each stewardship consists of: Mustasyar (Advisor) Syuriyah (Supreme Leader) Tanfidziyah (Daily Executor) For Twig, each stewardship consists of: Syuriyah (Supreme Leader) Tanfidziyah (Daily Executor) Membership based in twigs and in branches for privileged branches.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The institution [5] is a departmental device of Nahdlatul Ulama organization that serves as the implementer of Nahdlatul Ulama policies, relating to specific community groups and/or that require special handling.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

These institutions include: Nahdlatul Ulama Dakwah Institute (LD-NU) Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama Educational Institute (LP Ma'arif NU) Rabithah Ma'ahid Islamiyah Nahdlatul Ulama (RMI-NU) * (in Indonesian) Nahdlatul Ulama Economic Institute (LP-NU) Nahdlatul Ulama Agricultural Development Institute (LPP-NU)) Institutions Nahdlatul Ulama Health Services (LPK-NU) Nahdlatul Ulama Family Kemaslahatan Institute (LKK-NU) Nahdlatul Ulama Human Resource Study and Development Institute (LAKPESDAM-NU) Nahdlatul Ulama Research and Legal Assistance Institute (LPBH-NU) Institution of Indonesian Muslimin Cultural Arts (LESBUMI-NU) Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah Nahdlatul Ulama Institution (LAZIS-NU) Waqaf and Land Nahdlatul Ulama Institute (LWP-NU) Bahtsul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama Institute (LBM-NU) Ta'mir Masjid Nahdlatul Ulama Institute (LTM-NU) Nahdlatul Ulama Health Institute (LK-NU) Falakiyah Nahdlatul Ulama Institution (LF-NU) Ta'lif wan Nasyr Nahdlatul Ulama Institute (LTN-NU) Institute for Disaster Management and Climate Change Nahdlatul Ulama (LPBI-NU) Lajnah Is the executor of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) program that requires special handling.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

[6] was replaced with an institution.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Originally there were 3 (three) Lajnah namely: Lajnah Ta'lif wan Nasyr Nahdlatul Ulama (LTN-NU) became Ta'lif wan Nashdlatul Ulama Institution (LTNNU) Lajnah Falakiyah Nahdlatul Ulama (LF-NU) became Falakiya Nahdlatul Ulama Institution (LFNU) Higher education (LPT-NU) to become Nahdlatul Educational Institution Ulama (LPTNU) Autonomous Agency Autonomous Agency [7] is an organizational device Nahdlatul Ulama that serves to carry out Nahdlatul Ulama policies related to certain community groups and consisting of individuals.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Autonomous Bodies are grouped in a catagory of age-based Autonomous Agencies and specific community groups, and other profession-based and specificity Autonomous Bodies.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Types of Age-based Autonomous Bodies and specific community groups are: Muslimat Nahdlatul Ulama (Muslimat NU) Ansor Nahdlatul Ulama Youth Movement (GP Ansor NU) Fatayat Nahdlatul Ulama (Fatayat NU) Student Association of Nahdlatul Ulama (IPNU) Student Association of Princess Nahdlatul Ulama (IPPNU) Indonesian Islamic Students (PMII) Ahlith Thoriqoh Al-Mu'tabaroh an-Nahdliyah (MATAN) Autonomous Body based on professions and other specificities: Jam'iyyah Expert Thariqah Al-Mu'tabarah An-Nahdliyah (JATMAN) Jami'iyyatul Qurro wal Huffadz Nahdlatul Ulama (JQH) Nahdlatul Ulama Scholars Association (ISNU ) Indonesian Muslim Labor Association (SARBUMUSI) Association of Pencak Silat Nahdlatul Ulama Pagar Nusa (IPSNU Pagar Nusa) Association of Teachers Nahdlatul Ulama (PERGUNU) Fishermen's Union Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia Hadroh Art Association (ISHARI) NU and Politics First time NU plunged into practical politics at the time declared a breakaway with Masyumi in 1952 and then followed the 1955 elections.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

NU was quite successful by winning 45 House seats and 91 Constituent seats.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

During the time of Leaded Democracy NU was known as a party that supported Soekarno, and joined NASAKOM (Nationalist, Religious, Communist) Nationalists represented by Indonesian National Party (PNI) Religious Nahdhatul Ulama Party and Indonesian Communist Party (PKI).


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

The NU then merged itself with the United Development Party on 5 January 1973 at the insistence of the new order's rulers.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Following the 1977 and 1982 elections with the PPP.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

At the NU muktamar in Situbondo, NU declared itself to 'Return to Khittah 1926' which is not to have practical politics anymore.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

But after the 1998 reforms, there emerged parties on behalf of the NU.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Most important is the Nation Awakening Party declared by Abdurrahman Wahid.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In the 1999 elections the PKB gained 51 House seats and could even deliver Abdurrahman Wahid as President of the Republic of Indonesia.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

In the 2004 elections, the CLA gained 52 House seats.


Question: when was the Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia organization established?

Nahdlatul 'Ulema

Successor Party of National Awakening Party Party Development Party National Awakening Party Clerics Solidarity Party Indonesian National Union Unity Party Nahdlatul Ummah Indonesia See also Muhammadiyah Chinese Islamic Union Indonesian Ummah Assembly in Indonesia KMNU Boarding School Bogor Agricultural Institute KMNU Institut Teknologi Bandung KMNU Universitas Brawijaya [VIDEO] Outline Referral (in Indonesian) (in English) (in English) (in English) Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama Educational Institute Category:Islamic Organizations in Indonesia Category:Party politics in Indonesia Category:Nahdlatul Ulama


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio is a radio technology that transmits information using digital signals.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio is the next generation of analog radio.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This radio has many advantages such as clearer sound than analog radio, better signal quality, and various other facilities such as being able to pause, rewind, or temporarily stored if you want to listen later.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio working system The IBOC system works by combining analog audio signals with digital audio signals in order to obtain compatibility between analog radio broadcasting and digital radio broadcasting, both on AM and FM radio.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

The IBOC digital radio broadcasting system also referred to as “HD-Radio” was developed by iBiquity Radio and has officially been determined as a digital radio broadcasting system in the United States.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio broadcasting converts analog information into binary numbers whose values always change according to the magnitude of the incoming analog audio signal.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio transmitter systems convert or encode (encode) incoming analog sound signals into binary numbers to be emitted.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This process is referred to as code or decode (interpreting analog signals into digital signals and re-decoding from digital signals into analog signals), which is hereinafter called CODEC.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

After the studio sends a digital signal to the transmitter, the digital radio transmitter processes the incoming digital audio signal to be emitted.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This process is called modulation.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

The digital radio receiver aircraft re-decodes (decodes) the received digital signal into a return analog audio signal (on the opposite process from digital to analog).


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This process is called demodulation.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

There are several ways to convert an analog signal into a digital signal.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

These ways can be deciphered mathematically called by Algorithm (Algorithm).


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

In using the algorithm, experts and technicians can discard the unneeded components of the digital audio signal source and leave only the important parts alone to be transmitted through the antenna and subsequently reproduced on the radio receiver plane or on the device record player.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

CODEC algorithms greatly help this concept by separating and not emitting unneeded noises without reducing the sound quality of audio that has been encoded (decoded) into analog information on the receiving aircraft.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This process of bit reduction is known by the term compression.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Compression will reduce the incoming signal to important components in such a way that shimmers at the reduced width of the transmission line band.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

The compression of this audio signal becomes very important to reduce the width of the digital broadcast transmission band.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Some types of compression algorithms of digital audio signal processing systems that we know are AAC, PAC, MP-3 or HDC.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

These are all trade names of digital audio information compression systems and to declare intellectual copyrights and at the same time to distinguish the respective ways of codefication of algorithms among the multiple systems.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

By using HD-radio digitally the signal has been modulated at the same frequency as the existing analog frequency.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

To maximize the advantages of digital signal processing, fiber optic cables are installed throughout the broadcast centre.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Compared to copper wires, fiber optic is highly resistant to radiofrequency interference and drone caused by electrical devices.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Advantages of digital radio Digital radio has better quality than conventional radio.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

The sound it produces is resistant to sound interference from other radio signals, so there is no way overlap between one channel and another. The sound quality it produces is good and clear, like a CD.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radios also come with interactive and ubiquitous services that mean anytime, anywhere, and with any tools.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Listeners will be easier to participate in voting events and competitions organized by radio stations.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Including activities in a discussion and [[talk sho frequency on digital radio has a Single Frequency Network, so that on one channel (channel) can be filled by five to six radio programs. signal spectrum on digital radio is also more stable than on conventional radios. Digital also has transmit power efficiency and infrastructure efficiency, so as to minimize production costs.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Japanese research states that this digital broadcast system can be maximized as a tool for disaster-potential information spreaders, or Emergency Warning System (EWS).


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

With this system, all digital devices such as digital radios, digital televisions, PDAs, computers connected online, message receivers on digital phones, portable digital DVD players, can be utilized to disseminate information about the disaster to the public.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio frequency Currently the agreed frequency range between FM radio stations is 350 kHz.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

While digital radio broadcasts only require approximately 60 kHz.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

So that the free space that can be filled by FM radio station organizers will be wider.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

One frequency can be filled by five-six radio programs.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital radio in Indonesia Digital radio trial In the period of March-May 2006, the digital radio broadcasting industry has conducted a trial using In-bound on Channel (IBOC) system.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This trial was conducted by members of Forum Radio Network Indonesia (FRJI), using Delta 99.1 FM broadcasts.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

AM IBOC trial was also conducted by Radio Sangkakala Surabaya, frequency 1062 AM.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

A trial will be conducted to use the Digital DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) radio system.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

These DAB trials will be implemented starting in August 2006 on Prambors, Ramako, Sonora and I-Radio radios using 10D VHF Band III channels.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Frequency selection for these broadcast trials was randomly selected and was the result of team agreement.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

The socialization of digital radio in Indonesia The transition of analog radio into digital radio requires the user to switch the radio device he owns from analog to digital.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

The receiving device was replaced to be adapted to its transmitter station.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

This makes it difficult for governments and private parties to socialize the use of digital radios in Indonesia, because people are generally reluctant to spend money to buy new radio devices.


Question: What is digital radio transmission?

Digital radio

Digital Outside Links


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Ottoman colonization in Greece, also called Tourkokratia (Greek: Τουρκοκρατία, “Turk dominion”; Indonesian: “Turkocracy" [1]) was a period in Greek history when most of the territory now included within the borders of the modern Greek state was at least once part of the Sultanate The Ottomans from the middle of the 15th century until the Greek declaration of independence in 1821.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

However, some places such as the Ionian Islands or Mani in the Peloponnesos were never part of Ottoman rule, although Mani was under Ottoman influence.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The area of northern Greece, dominated by Greek Macedonia and Thrakia, was not only annexed by the Ottomans at a very early stage, between the 1360s and 1430s, but rather, along with Constantinople and Northwestern Anatolia, formed what was then a major centre and most area important in the Ottomans militarily, culturally, and economically.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The history of the Greek Conquest of the Byzantine Empire, the successor to the ancient Roman Empire that controlled much of the Greek-speaking world for more than 1100 years, has weakened considerably since the destruction of Constantinople by Latin crusaders in 1204.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Ottomans' forward motion to Greece was preceded by a victory over the Serbs to its north.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

First of all the Ottomans won the Battle of Maritsa in 1371.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Serb forces were when it was led by King Vukasin Mrnjavcevic, father of Prince Marko and ruling along with the last emperor of the Serbian dynasty Nemanjic.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

This was followed by another Ottoman victory in the Battle of Kosovo in 1389.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

With the absence of continued threats from the Serbs and the Byzantine civil war that ensued later, the Ottomans captured Constantinople in 1453 and advanced into the southern part of Greece, seizing Athens in 1458.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Greeks survived on the Peloponnesos until 1460, whereas the Venetians and Genoese survived on some islands, but by the 1500s most of the mainland and islets in Greece had fallen into Ottoman hands.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The mountains in Greece were many untouched making it an escape place for Greeks seeking to break away from foreign powers as well as as a base from which to launch guerrilla attacks. [lower-alpha 1] [2] Cyprus was conquered in 1571, and Venice retained Crete until 1669.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Ionian Islands were only briefly controlled by the Ottomans (Cephalonia from 1479 to 1481 and from 1485 to 1500), as well as remaining more frequently under Venetian rule.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The development of Greek nationalism After the failed siege of Vienna by the Ottomans in 1683, the Ottomans entered a long period of decline both militarily against Christian states and internally, culminating in increasing corruption, repression and efficiency.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

All this provoked anger that led to shelldom and sometimes rebellion.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

As more territory became increasingly difficult to control, the Ottomans switched to implementing military rule in Greece, but this choice instead provoked more violent resistance.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In addition, this also led to economic dislocation as well as a diminishing population. [3]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

From the late 1600s, Greeks began to fill several high and important posts in Ottoman rule.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Phanariotes, a class of wealthy Greeks who lived in the Phanar district of Constantinople, became very influential.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Their travels to Western Europe as merchants or diplomats led them to know advanced ideas such as liberalism and nationalism, and indeed it was from among the Phanariotes that the Greek nationalist movement was born.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Many Greek merchants and travelers were influenced by the ideas of the French Revolution and the new Greek Age of Enlightenment beginning in the 17th century in many Greek cities occupied by the Ottomans.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Greek nationalism was also reinforced by the secret agents of Yekaterina the Great, the Orthodox ruler of the Russian Empire, who hoped to seize territory from the weakened Ottomans, including Constantinople itself, by inciting a Christian revolt against the Ottomans.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

However, during the Russian-Ottoman war that broke out in 1768, the Greeks did not rebel, leaving the Russians disappointed.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Kuchuk-Kainarji Treaty of 1774 gave Russia the right to go to the Sultan for the defense of the Orthodox people, and Russia has since begun to routinely interfere in the internal affairs of the Ottomans.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

This, coupled with new ideas propagated by the French Revolution in 1789, began to reconnect the Greek nation with the outside world and culminated in the development of an active nationalist movement, one of the most progressive of its time.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Greece was peripherally involved in the Napoleonic Wars, but one event had notable consequences.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

When the French under Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Venice in 1797, they also captured the Ionian Islands, thereby ending four hundred years of Venetian rule over the Ionian Islands. [4] [5] The archipelago was raised in status to a dependency called the Septinsular Republic, which gained local autonomy.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

It was the first time the Greeks ruled their own people since the fall of Trebizond in 1461.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

One of those who held office in the Islands was Ioannis Kapodistrias, who later became the first head of state in independent Greece.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

At the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, Greece rose from its isolation.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

British and French writers and artists began to visit Greece, in addition wealthy Europeans began to collect Greek inscriptions.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

These “philhellen” were instrumental in gathering support for Greek independence.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Revolts of the Greeks in various places in the Greek peninsula have rebelled against the Ottomans, especially by taking advantage of opportunities when the Ottomans were fighting against other countries.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

All this resistance arose with a diverse scale and impact During the Ottoman-Venetian War, two brothers of Kladas the Maniots, Krokodelos and Epifani, led a group of stratioti on behalf of the Venetians to oppose the Ottomans in the Southern Peloponnesos.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

They surrendered Vardounia and their lands to Venice, where Epifani then acted as governor. [6]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Uprisings of a local and quickly muted nature such as the Epiros peasant uprisings of 1600 and 1611 occurred throughout the Greek peninsula. [7]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

By 1571, the Christian fleet in the Battle of Lepanto had a dozen ships with Greek captains and crews from Crete as well as the Ionian Islands, one of whose ships was funded by El Greco.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The success of that battle by the Holy League provoked waves of resistance in various places in the Greek peninsula such as Phokis [8] and Peloponnesos, led by the Melissinoi brothers and other peoples.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

All these rebellions were successfully stopped by the Ottomans a year later. [9]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

During the Cretan War, the Maniots assisted Francesco Morosini and the Venetians in the Peloponnesos. [10]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Greek iregular forces also assisted Venice through the Moreian War in their operations in the Ionian Sea and the Peloponnesos. [11]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The great resistance that ever occurred was the Orlov Rebellion which took place during the Russo-Ottoman War and provoked armed riot both in mainland Greece and in the islands. [12]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In 1778, a Greek fleet encompassing seventy ships was gathered by Lambros Katsonis and disrupted an Ottoman squadron in the Aigeian Sea, seizing the island of Kastelorizo as well as engaging in naval battles until 1790. [13] [14] The War of Independence of the secret Greek nasinalist organization called “Friendly Society” or “Kumpulan Kawan” (Filiki Eteria) was formed in Odessa in 1814.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Its members planned an uprising with the support of wealthy Greek communities expelled in Great Britain and the United States.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

They also gained support from sympathizers in Western Europe, as well as covert assistance from Russia.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The organization designated Kapodistrias, who became Russian Foreign Minister after leaving the Ionian Islands, as the leader of the uprising.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

On 25 March 1821 [lower-alpha 2], Orthodox Bishop Germanos of Patras announced national resistance. [15] [16] Simultaneous resistance was planned throughout Greece, including in Macedonia, Crete and Cyprus.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

With initial gains in the form of shock effects, aided by Ottoman ineffecience and Ottoman feud against Ali Pasya of Tepelen, Greeks managed to take control of Peloponnesos and several other places.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Some of Greece's first actions were carried out against unarmed Ottoman permukim, with 40% of the Turkish and Albanian Muslim population killed outright while the rest fled or were expelled. [17]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Ottomans recovered and retaliated violently, carrying out massacres against the Greek population in Khios and other cities.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

This made the Ottomans even more cornered as it provoked more sympathy in Britain and France towards the Greek struggle, although the British and French governments were suspicious that this rebellion was a Russian plan to seize Greece and possibly Constantinople from the Ottomans.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Greeks themselves were then unable to set up a strong government in the areas they controlled, and were instead caught up in a feud between themselves.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The erratic war between Greece and the Ottomans continued until 1825 when the Sultan dispatched a strong force and fleet from Egypt to destroy the Aigeia Islands and the Peloponnesos.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The atrocities that accompanied the expedition, along with the sympathy engendered by the death of the prominent poet and philhellen Lord Byron at Messolongi in 1824, ultimately led to major states interfering.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In October 1827, the British, French and Russian fleets, on the initiative of local commanders, but with the tacit approval of the government, passed the Ottoman fleet in the Battle of Navarino.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

This was a defining moment in the war of independence.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

By October 1828, French troops anchored in the Peloponnesos to stop Ottoman atrocities.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Under their protection, the Greeks were able to regroup and form a new government.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

They then moved forward to seize as much territory as possible, including Athens and Thebes, before the major nations established a truce.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

A conference in London in March 1829 proposed an independent Greek state with a northern border extending from Arta to Volos, and covering only Euboia and the Kyklades among its islands.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Greek side is disappointed at this border restriction but is not in a position to reject the will of Britain, France and Russia, who have been very helpful in their independence struggle.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Through the Convention of 11 May 1832, Greece was ultimately recognized as a sovereign state.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

After the Ottomans finally recognized Greek independence, a multinational agreement was formally decreed in 1830.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Kapodistrias, who had been Greece's unrecognized head of state since 1828, was assassinated by the Mavromichalis family in October 1831.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

To prevent continued experimentation in republican government, major states, especially Russia, urged that Greece become a monarch, and the Bavarian prince Otto, was chosen to be its first king.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The economic situation of most of Greece became very bad under the rule of the Ottomans.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Life became transitioned to the countryside and militarized.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Very heavy tax obligations were charged to the Christian population, and many Greeks could only afford to farm to meet their own needs whereas in earlier times the Greek region had been greatly developed and urbanized.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The exception to this state of affairs was in Constantinople and the Ionian Islands controlled by Venice, where many Greeks lived prosperously. [18]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Greeks regret the deteriorating economic situation in their country during the Ottoman colonization. [19]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Greeks were required to pay land taxes and heavy taxes for trade, these trade taxes utilizing the Greek rich to replenish the Sultanate's finances. [20]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Greeks, like other Christians, were also required to pay jizyah, or Islamic taxes to be paid by all nonmuslim residents of the Sultanate, whereas the Muslim population had to pay zakat which was part of the pillars of Islam.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Failure to pay jizyah can lead to loss of the promise of protection of the life and property of Christians, as a result of which the person is faced with several choices, religious displacement, servitude of death. [21]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

As in other places in Ottoman, Greeks must always carry an official letter indicating the payment of their jizyah wherever, otherwise they may be imprisoned.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

When the Ottomans went into decline around the 1600s, the position of Ottoman landlord, previously appointed directly by the Sultan, became a hereditary post (chiflik), which could be sold or bequeathed to heirs.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The new class of Ottoman landlords downgraded the status of the initially free Greek peasants to serfs (“slaves”), causing poverty and an increasingly severe reduction in population, with people fleeing to the mountains in order to be free from poverty.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Most of the city of Athens became an unfurnished village, its Greek peasant population was very poor and isolated, not allowed to approach the Acropolis area where the wealthy Turks settled. [3]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The French diplomat and philhellen François-René de Chateaubriand, after his visit to Sounion in 1806, inscribed his impression, “Around me are tombs, silences, disasters, deaths and some Greek sailors sleeping unfurnished in the ruins of Greece.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

I neglect the place of the goddess forever, my head filled with his majesty in the past and his fall in the present.”


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Nonetheless, during the 17th century, the overall Greek population increased with the return of a number of Greeks from the mountains.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the position of Greeks who were educated and insightful became greatly increased as the Ottomans became increasingly aware of their backwardness which was further than European countries, so the Ottomans also recruited more and more Greeks who had administrative, technical expertise , and finances not owned by the Ottomans. [22]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Child tribute Most Greeks did not have to serve in the Sultan's army, but boys were often taken and Islamized for later inclusion into the Ottoman military.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In addition, girls were also taken to be odalisks (female servants or concubines) in the Sultan's harem. [23] [24] This practice is called “child tribute” (devsyirmeh) (in Greek it is called παιδομάωμα (paidomazoma, meaning “child gathering”), where each Christian community is required dispatched one of five boys to be made Muslims and incorporated into the Yanisari corps, the elite unity in the Ottoman army.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

There was a lot of resistance to this obligation, Greek folklore tells of mothers who made their sons disabled so that they would not be taken.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Nonetheless, by becoming a Muslim and entering into Yanisari, one can gain the opportunity to attain high office such as governor or even Grand Vizier.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

One example is Pargali Ibrahim Pasya, the son of a Greek peasant from Parga, who became one of the most trusted advisors to Sultan Suleyman as well as being a field general and a country with his own court.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Some recruitment processes sometimes take place voluntarily because there are parents who want their children to enter Yanisari to ensure they have a successful career and a prosperous life. [25]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The Greek people's resistance to taxes and “child tribute” led to bad consequences.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

For example, in 1705 an Ottoman official was sent from Naoussa in Macedonia to find and register a new Yanisari but he was killed by Greek rebels who refused the obligation of “child tribute.”


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

These rebels were later beheaded and their heads put on display in the city of Thessaloniki. [26]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In some cases, many Greek families are not willing to give up their children for fear that their child will be Islamized and will come back again as their oppressor.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In other cases, families bribed officers to have their children made government officials instead of Yanisari soldiers. [27]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Demographics The consolidation of Ottoman power was followed by two distinct Greek migratory tendencies.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The first involved Greek scholars, such as Basilios Bessarion, Georgius Plethon Gemistos and Marcos Mousouros, migrating to other places in Western Europe and contributing to the arrival of the Renaissance (despite large-scale migrations of Greeks to various places in Europe, especially Italian university cities, had begun long before, following the conquest of Constantinople by the crusaders [28]).


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

This tendency was also influential to the creation of the modern Greek diaspora.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

The second involved Greeks leaving the plains of the Greek peninsula and settling in the mountains, where the winding landscape made it difficult for the Ottomans to create a military as well as administrative presence. [29]


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

In terms of population, Ottoman colonization led to significant reductions, at least in the lowlands (the Ottoman census did not include many people in the mountainous area).


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Turk people live mostly in Thrakia and Greek Macedonia, while there are Greek Muslim residents who convert from Orthodox Christianity, especially in northwestern Macedonia, such as the Vallahades.


Question: When did the Ottoman Dynasty begin to rule Greece?

Ottoman colonization in Greece

Footnote Referral Description


Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson () is a New Zealand-born physicist who co-authored researching atoms with J. J. Thomson at Cambridge University.


Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

Rutherford managed to capture the presence of a nucleus within the atom.


Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

With support from Frederick Soddy, he posited that radioactivity came from the decay of the atoms.


Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

He was the first to successfully perform atomic cleavage within the laboratory.


Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

For his research on various types of radiation, he was named a Nobel prize laureate in Chemistry in 1908.


Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

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Question: When was Ernest Rutherford born?

Ernest Rutherford

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. || UNKNOWN | MISSING =Year of birth missing {{subst: #switch: {{subst:uc:1937}}} ||LIVING =( living people)}} | #default =1871 births}}]] [[Category: {{subst: #switch: {subst:uc:1937}}} || LIVING =Year | UNKNOWN | of death missing | #default = 1937 deaths}}]] Category:Nobel Prize winners in chemistry Category:Physicists Great Britain Category:New Zealand Figures Category:100 Figures according to Michael H. Hart


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Religion in the Philippines is characterized by the majority of people adhering to Christian beliefs. [1]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

About 92% of the population is Christian: about 81% adheres to the Roman Catholic Church while about 11% adheres to Protestant Christian denominations, such as the Seventh-day Adventist Church, the Church of the Society of Jesus in the Philippines and Evangelicals. [1]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Officially, the Philippines is a secular state with a Constitution guiding the separation of church and state, and calls on the government to consider the entire religion to be equal.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

According to a national religious survey, about 5.6% of the Filipino population is Muslim, making Islam the second largest religion in the country.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

However, the National Philippine Muslim Commission disputed it and claimed its followers amounted to about 11% of the total population. [2] [3] Most Muslims live in parts of Mindanao, Palawan, and the Sulu Archipelago — an area known as the Bangsamoro or Moro region. [4]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Some people migrate to urban or rural areas in different parts of the country.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Most Filipino Muslims practice Sunni Islam according to the Shafi'i stream. [5]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

There are several Ahmadiyyah Muslims in the country. [6]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Traditional Filipino religions are still practiced by about 2% of the population, [7] [8] which includes several tribal groups and natives.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Those religions are often syncretized with Christianity and Islam.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Animism, foclor religion, and shamanism are still present as main stream religions, through albularyo, babaylan, and manghihilot.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Buddhism is practiced by 2% of the population by the Japanese community, the Filipino Japanese community, [7] [8] [9] and along with Taoism and the Chinese fochlorine religion has also become dominant in the Chinese community.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

There are a small number of followers of Hinduism, [7] [8] [9] and Judaism and Baha'is. [10]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

More than 10% of the population is religious. [7] [8] [11] Christian JMPL|ka|200px|San Fernando Metropolitan Cathedral in Pampanga Christians came to the Philippines with the landing of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

At the end of the 16th century, the archipelago was claimed to Spain and named after its king.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Missionary activity during the colonization of the country by Spain and the United States led to the change of the Philippines into the first country, and then, together with East Timor, which became one of the two predominantly Catholic countries in Southeast Asia, with about 92.5% of the population enter Christian belief. [7] [12] Islam As of 2013.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

According to the CIA World Factbook, the Muslim population in the Philippines was rumored in the 2000 census to number 11%. [7]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

The majority of Muslims in the Philippines adhere to Sunni Islam from the Shafi stream of jurisprudence, with Shia and Ahmadiyyah minorities. [6]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Islam is the oldest recorded monotheistic religion in the Philippines.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Islam reached the Philippines in the 14th century with the arrival of Muslim traders from the Persian Gulf, South India, and their followers from several sultanate reigns in Maritime Southeast Asia.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Islam became the majority on the coast of Manila Bay, the seat of several Muslim empires.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

During the Spanish conquest, Islam experienced a drastic decline as the dominant monotheistic belief in the Philippines due to the introduction of Roman Catholicism by Spanish missionaries.Southern Filipino tribes constituted some of the indigenous Filipino communities that survived Spanish colonization and transfer to Roman catholic religion.


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

The Hindu kingdoms of Sriwijaya and Majapahit which are now Malaysia and Indonesia, introduced Hindus and Buddhists to the archipelago. [13]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

Ancient statues of Hindu-Buddhist gods found in the Philippines date back 600 to 1600 years ago. [14]


Question: is the majority religion in the Philippines?

Religion in the Philippines

See also Demographics of the Philippines Burial habits and burial practices in the Philippines Reference Category:Asian Month contribution Wikipedia


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Stars are celestial bodies that emit light.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

There are pseudo stars and real stars.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

A pseudo star is a star that does not produce its own light, but reflects light received from other stars.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

A real star is a star that generates its own light.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

In general a star designation is an extraterrestrial object that produces its own light (a real star).


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

According to astronomy, the definition of a star is: “All massive objects (between 0.08 to 200 solar masses) that are and have ever carried out energy generation through nuclear fusion reactions.”


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Therefore white dwarf stars and neutron stars that already do not emit light or energy remain referred to as stars.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The closest star to Earth is the Sun at a distance of about 149,680,000 kilometers, followed by Proxima Centauri in the constellation Centaurus is about four light-years away.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The history of observing the stars has become part of every culture.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The stars are used in religious practices, in navigation, and cropping.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The Gregorian calendar, used in almost all parts of the world, is a calendar of the Sun, basing itself on the position of the Earth relative to the nearest star, the Sun.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Early astronomers such as Tycho Brahe managed to recognize the 'new stars' in the sky (later named novae) suggesting that the sky is not eternal.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

In 1584 Giordano Bruno proposed that the stars were actually other suns, and it was possible to have Earth-like planets within their orbits, [1] an idea previously proposed by ancient Greek philosophers such as Democritus and Epicurus. [2]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

In the following century, the idea that the star was the distant Sun reached consensus among astronomers.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

To explain why these stars do not exert a gravitational pull on the solar system, Isaac Newton proposed that the stars are evenly distributed throughout the sky, an idea that originated with theologian Richard Bentley. [3]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Italian astronomer Geminiano Montanari recorded a change in luminosity in the star Algol in 1667.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Edmond Halley published the first measurements of self-motion of a pair of close “fixed” stars, exposing that they changed position from since the measurements taken by Ptolemaeus and Hipparchus.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Direct measurements of the stellar distance of 61 Cygni were made in 1838 by Friedrich Bessel using parallax techniques.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

William Herschel was the first astronomer to attempt to determine the distribution of stars in the sky.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

During the 1780s he carried out enumerations in about 600 different celestial regions.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

He then concluded that the number of stars is increasing steadily towards the sky, namely the center of the Milky Way galaxy.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

His son John Herschel repeated the same work in the southern celestial hemisphere and found similar results. [4]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

In addition William Herschel also discovered that some pairs of stars are not stars that coincidentally are in one direction of the line of sight, but rather that they are indeed physically in pairs forming a double star system.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Naming The concept of constellations has been known since Babylonian times.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Ancient celestial observers imagined certain patterns formed by prominent arrays of stars, and attributed them to certain aspects of their nature or mythology.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Twelve of these arrangements lie on the ecliptic line and form the basis for astrology. [5]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Many of the prominent individual stars are given their own names, especially by Arabic or Latin naming.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Like some certain constellations and the sun, some stars also have their own mythology. [6]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

For the ancient Greeks, several “stars”, known as planets (Greek: πλανήτης [planētēs], nomads), represented their various important gods that became the source of names for the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [6]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Uranus and Neptune were also Greek and Roman gods, but were not yet known in ancient times due to their dim rays.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

His second name was given by subsequent astronomers.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Approximately the year 1600, the name of the constellation was used to name the stars within its region of the sky.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

German astronomer Johann Bayer created a series of star maps using Greek letters as names for the stars in each constellation.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Thereafter a numbering system based on asensio recta stars was created by John Flamsteed and added to the star catalogue in his book “Historia coelestis Britannica” (edition of 1712).


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

This numbering system would later be known as Flamsteed Naming or Flamsteed Numbering. [7] [8] The only internationally recognized authority on naming celestial bodies was the International Astronomical Union (IAU). [9]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

There are a number of private companies that sell star names, which according to the Library of Great Britain are unregulated commercial enterprises. [10] [11] But the IAU has severed ties with this commercial practice, and the names are not recognised and not used by the IAU. [12]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

One such naming company was the International Star Registry (ISR) which in the 1980s was accused of fraudulent practices for making as if the names they were given were official.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

These halted ISR practices were informally labeled as fraudulent and fraudulent, [13] [14] [15] [16] and the New York City Department of Consumer Affairs published a warning for ISR for conducting misleading trade practices. [17] [18] Energy Radiation produced by stars from Nuclear fusion radiates into space in the form of electromagnetic radiation and particle radiation.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The particle radiation emitted by stars manifests itself in the form of stellar winds, [19] which drains free protons, electrically charged alpha particles, and beta particles from the outer layers of the star.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

There is also a fixed stream of neutrinos coming from the core of the star, although these neutrinos are almost masseless.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The star shines very brightly as a result of energy production at its core, which combines two or more atomic nuclei and forms a heavier elemental single atomic nucleus as well as releasing gama ray photons in the process.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Once this energy reaches the outer layers of the star, this energy transforms into other forms of electromagnetic energy that are of lower frequency, for example visible light.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

The color of the star, determined by the frequency of light seems to be the most powerful, depends on the temperature of the outer layer of the star, including its photospheres. [20]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

In addition to visible light, stars also emit other forms of electromagnetic radiation that are invisible.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Actually, the electromagnetic radiation of stars covers the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from the longest wavelengths of radio waves, to infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, to X-rays and gama rays whose wavelength is the shortest.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

When viewed by the overall amount of energy emitted by a star, not all components of a star's electromagnetic radiation have significant amounts, but the entire frequency gives us insight into the star's physique.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Using stellar spectra, astronomers can determine surface temperature, surface gravity, metalicity, and rotational velocity of a star.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

If the distance of a star is known, for example by measuring its parallax, then its luminosity can be calculated.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

Its mass, radius, surface gravity and rotation period can be estimated by based on stellar models.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

star

(The mass of the stars in a binary system can be calculated by measuring the distance and velocity of their orbits.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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The gravitational micro-lens effect is used to measure the mass of a single star. [21]) Using these parameters, astronomers can also estimate the age of a star. [22]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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Luminosity The luminosity of a star is the amount of light and other forms of radiant energy emitted by a star per unit time.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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The luminosity of stars is measured in units of power (watts).


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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The luminosity of a star is determined by the size of its radius and surface temperature.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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Presuming that a star is a perfectly black object, then the luminosity is: L=4 π R 2 σ T e 4 {\ displaystyle L=4\ pi R^ {2}\ sigma T_ {e} ^ {4}} where L is the luminosity, σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann fixture, R is the radius of the star and Te is the temperature effectively star.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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If the distance of a star can be known, for example using the parallax method, the luminosity of a star can be determined through the relation E = L 4 π d 2 {\ displaystyle E= {\ frac {L} {4\ pi d^ {2}}} with E being the radiant flux, L is the luminosity and d is the distance of the star to observer.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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However many stars emit light with fluxes (the amount of energy emitted per unit area) that are not uniform across their surface.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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A very fast rotating Vega star, for example, has a higher energy flux in its poles compared to its equator. [23]


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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The stains on the surface of a star that have a lower than average temperature and luminosity are called starspots.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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Dwarf stars that are small, like our sun, generally have fairly smooth surfaces with only few starspots.


Question: What number of stars are there in the solar system?

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The larger giant stars have larger and more visible starspots, [24] and these stars also exhibit stronger darkening of the periphery.