Academics have called for a ban on smacking after finding "compelling" evidence that it creates a "vicious circle" of conflict and violence that carries on into adulthood.

Article: Reece Burton, 25, was attending the North London Clinic in Edmonton, Enfield on permitted ground leave when he absconded on 20 November.
He had earlier been convicted of grievous bodily harm with intent and the Met Police issued warnings he was dangerous.
Burton was found in the Chelmsford area on Friday, Met Police said.
"Burton has now been returned to custody where he will no longer pose a threat to the public or himself," Det Supt Simon Warwick of the Met Police said.

Summary: A "dangerous" psychiatric patient who absconded from a London clinic has been found after a police manhunt.
###
Article: In My Mother and Other Strangers, the peace of a small Tyrone parish is disturbed when an American airbase opens nearby.
The five-part series is set in the forties and was written by well-known musician and screenwriter Barry Devlin.
"It's like a big spaceship floating into this rural place," he said.
"It's set in a parish called Moybeg, which might or might not be something to do with a real parish called Ardboe.
"In 1942 this enormous airbase was dropped right into the middle of it, which let all of these exotic creatures with ray-bans and proper uniforms out into the parish."
The series stars Hattie Morahan as Rose Coyne and Owen McDonnell as her husband Michael.
However, Hattie falls in love with the American Captain Ronald Dreyfuss, played by Aaron Staton, best known for his role as Ken Cosgrove in Mad Men.
According to Staton, playing Dreyfuss meant learning more about his own grandfather, who fought in the battle of the Bulge in 1944.
"I've always been very proud of his service and it made me think about my grandfather although his experience was probably very different," he said.
"But it certainly made me wonder about what he saw.
"This actually happened, these bases in Northern Ireland.
"You've got these kids who've left home to possibly go off and die, and they're coming and disturbing what was a peaceful community.
"They feel at times entitled to a bit of fun as part of their service, but it's disrupting what would have been a quiet parish.
"It's my character's position to try to help these two worlds understand one another."
The character Rose is English, although she has lived in Moybeg for nearly two decades since marrying Michael.
According to Barry Devlin, that means she also has to confront different attitudes to the war and the Americans from some of the other villagers.
"There's a certain amount of resistance to the Americans coming in," he said.
"Some of that is just the kind of envy young men who don't have much money feel for young men who do.
"That's a kind of a volatile and potent...

Summary: It is a drama about what happens when two very different worlds collide in wartime.
###
Article: And more than a quarter of the 2,000 polled plan to take their children out of school for a holiday this year.
The prospect of fines was unlikely to put them off, they said.
The survey by LV travel insurance found cost and difficulties getting time off work during peak times were the main reasons behind this.
The Department for Education (DfE) said schools were expected to take a "tough line" on requests to miss lessons.
One in five (20%) parents said they had sought their school's permission for a term-time holiday and been refused.
One in eight (12%) admitted having lied in order take their children out of school for a holiday.
The most common excuses included pretending their child was sick (35%), visiting sick relatives (20%), a family wedding (18%) and a trip for educational purposes (16%).
More than half (57%) of those surveyed said they took their children out of school for a holiday because it was cheaper, with a third (32%) saying they could not  afford a break during the school holidays.
A quarter (26%) said that they, or their partner, could not get time off work during school holidays.
Just under half (43%) said they would take their child out of class for a week, while 30% said their holiday would be shorter than this.
The survey, conducted by ICM, showed 43% of parents believed the cost of a fine was outweighed by the savings made by booking an off-peak holiday.
Issuing fines is one of the last resorts for schools to deal with absence problems,  including parents who take their child on holiday during term time without permission from the school.
A parent issued with a fine has 28 days to pay Â£50 - if they fail, it is doubled.
If the fine is not paid after 42 days,  the school or local authority has to withdraw the penalty notice, with the only further option being for local authorities to prosecute parents for the offence.
More than 32,600 penalty notices for school absence were issued to parents last year, and more than 127,000 have been issued since the scheme was introduced in...

Summary: More than half of parents (55%) in England admit having taken a child on holiday during term time, a poll suggests.
###
Article: Alison Johnstone brought up the issue after being approached by local businesses.
She said a guarantee of just two bike spaces could "fail to match" demand for cycle trips to the Borders.
Transport Minister Derek Mackay said plans had not been finalised but space allocation was always a challenge.
The line between the capital and Tweedbank in the Borders is set to open to passengers in September this year.
It is hoped it could be used by one million passengers a year within five years.
However, the Scottish Greens have criticised the level of bicycle space being planned for services running to a region renowned for its mountain biking trails and cycling events.
Ms Johnstone, who co-convenes Holyrood's cross-party group on cycling, said the sport was worth millions to the Borders economy.
She said there was a risk that the major transport project would not provide the "increased capacity" that cycling deserved.
"Other countries are way ahead of us with bike carriages carrying dozens of bikes, and even some older Highland trains take at least six bikes," she said.
"Hiring a bike at the other end might work for some people, but I know lots of enthusiasts will want to take their own, much-loved bikes with them.
"I can see families considering a cycling holiday in the Borders giving the area a miss if they're unable to take their own bikes by rail."
She urged Abellio, which will run services on the route, to "scale up" plans before September.
In two parliamentary answers, Mr Mackay said the firm had confirmed there would be "at least" two cycle spaces per train.
"In addition Abellio will ensure that all on-train staff involved are briefed on cycle capacity procedures and how to provide additional ad-hoc spaces where conditions allow," he said.
He said the Dutch firm's approach in the Netherlands had been to reduce the pressure for bike spaces by investing in better storage facilities at stations.
It also encourages regular cyclists to either join its Bike & Go scheme or maintain a second bike at destination...

Summary: A Green MSP has raised concerns about the capacity for bicycles on the trains which will run on the new Edinburgh to Borders railway.
###
Article: In 2015, the firm was fined Â£1m ($1.4m) by communications watchdog Ofcom over customer service failings.
The network will also switch on high-speed 4G in the Shetland Islands and the Isles of Scilly this week.
Chief Executive Marc Allera told the BBC customers expected to be able to access the internet wherever they were.
Currently, 4G coverage is measured as a percentage of the population rather than geographically.
That means mobile networks typically focus on areas where lots of people live rather than extending geographical reach of their services.
"The Isles of Scilly have 2,000 residents but 200,000 visitors," said Mr Allera.
"Increasingly, the expectations from customers are that they can get access to the internet wherever they go."
BT-owned EE's ambitions for 4G go beyond the government's target for operators, which is to provide voice and text coverage to only 90% of UK landmass by the end of 2017.
"I don't believe as an industry we should say a beach is covered unless it has 4G coverage," said Mr Allera.
This demand for 4G may help mobile networks tackle public opposition to infrastructure such as transmitter masts required to enable it, he added.
"The barriers we need to overcome are around how fast and easy we can get access to these sites [where the masts can be built], and also how we ensure we don't have landlords who can charge ransom rates which make it prohibitive for us to put in a solution," he said.
"We're working on those reforms but we can't do this by ourselves."
EE is working with the government to tackle the issue, Mr Allera said.
Ovum analyst Matthew Howe said reforms were "vital" for the success of the strategy.
"Unless the government takes a lead on ensuring fair and reasonable access and site rentals, EE's hopes for 95% coverage will be fraught with difficulty," he said.
EE said it also aimed to bring all its customer services operations back to the UK and Ireland from overseas by the end of 2016.
"It's a big investment," said Marc Allera.
"People look at off-shoring as...

Summary: Mobile phone operator EE is aiming to bring 4G to 95% of the UK landmass by 2020 as well as relocating its customer services to the UK and Ireland.
###
Article: The researchers, commissioned by Scots charities, examined 74 studies done across the world in the past decade.
They concluded that smacking was associated with increased childhood aggression and antisocial behaviour.
There was also a "worrying risk" of escalation into physical abuse.
The report was commissioned by leading children's charities in Scotland, as well as the country's Children's Commissioner, and compiled by academics at University College London.
It found that in many countries, including the UK, the use of physical punishment was declining - although the decline had been quicker in many of the 47 countries that have already outlawed smacking.
It also found that public attitudes had shifted, with the use of physical punishment becoming less and less acceptable and a high proportion of parents doubting its usefulness.
But it said physical punishment was still common in Scotland and the UK, despite its negative effects being known and the fact that it "constitutes a clear violation of children's human rights".
Among the key findings of the report were:
The report concluded: "The evidence for harmful effects of physical punishment is strong and consistent, and the declines in the use of physical punishment in countries where it is prohibited make a compelling case for the introduction of such legislation.
"The current laws across the UK allowing physical punishment of children in the home and in private foster care should be challenged from both a human rights and a child wellbeing perspective.
"The international human rights consensus on physical punishment is clear: repeated examinations of UK laws have stated in unequivocal terms the imperative of legal reform to protect all children against all forms of physical punishment in all settings."
Earlier this year, a United Nations report called on the UK to "put an end to corporal punishment in all settings" and encourage non-violent forms of discipline instead.
Parents in England and Wales are currently allowed to use "reasonable chastisement",...

Summary:


A feasibility study into a third River Thames bridge in the Reading area has been given council backing.

Article: Voting began at 07:00 BST and ended at 22:00.
Foyle was the first local constituency to declare a result, with 78.3% voting to Remain in the European Union out of a 57% turnout.
The outcome of the Northern Ireland poll will be announced at the Titanic centre in Belfast.
The ballot paper asked voters: "Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?"
Electoral staff in Northern Ireland are spread across eight different count centres and have the task of counting the votes in more than 1,300 ballot boxes.
There were 619 polling stations across Northern Ireland and more than 1.25m people were registered to vote.
Declarations for parliamentary constituencies will be made throughout the night, with the final Northern Ireland and UK-wide result due by breakfast time on Friday.
The official declaration will be made at Manchester Town Hall.
There will be comprehensive coverage online, with live updates throughout polling day and overnight, as well as up-to-the minute results.
And from 06:00 BST on Friday, BBC News NI will have a live page dedicated to the outcome and reaction.
BBC One, the BBC News Channel and BBC Parliament are broadcasting a results show hosted by David Dimbleby alongside BBC experts and special guests.
Coverage continues throughout the night and Sophie Raworth, Andrew Neil and Victoria Derbyshire pick up the coverage on Friday morning.

Summary: The polls have closed in the EU referendum in Northern Ireland with counting under way.
###
Article: Here is a list of all the local authorities that run crematoriums in the UK - showing their prices for a daytime adult cremation from 2010-11, 2015-16 and the percentage change.
Different councils provide different services for the basic fee listed below.
Where 2015-16 figures were unavailable the 2014-15 figures have been used (marked with *).
Angus Council is listed but now no longer carries out cremations.
Lewisham, North Lincolnshire, Salford City and Wakefield run crematoriums but have not responded to the BBC's Freedom Of Information request.
Find your local authority below:

Summary: The average cost of a cremation at a public crematorium has risen since 2010, according to a BBC Freedom of Information request.
###
Article: Thousands of people raced through gallons of mud at Drumlanrig Castle near Thornhill at the weekend.
They were taking part in the annual Tough Mudder event.
It saw participants run through ice cold water and navigate around 20 obstacles in a course designed by British special forces.
Described by organisers as "the toughest event on the planet", the extreme endurance challenge was the brainchild of Will Dean and Guy Livingstone and regularly takes place in the UK, US, Australia and Canada to test fitness, stamina, mental strength and camaraderie.

Summary: .
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Article: At a meeting of her CDU party, she backed a burka ban in schools, courts and other state buildings.
It is widely accepted that a total ban would violate Germany's constitution.
Mrs Merkel was re-elected CDU leader but faces a tough challenge by the right-wing anti-immigration AfD party in next year's polls.
She has seen her approval ratings slip since her decision to allow about a million asylum seekers into Germany during last year's Europe-wide migrant crisis.
However the centre-right chancellor, who has been power since 2005, still retains wide support.
She was re-elected Christian Democratic Union (CDU) leader on Tuesday with 89.5% of the votes cast by about 1,000 delegates.
Mrs Merkel's comments drew thunderous applause from her party faithful but it will dismay those who have looked to her as Europe's defender of liberal values.
German constitutional law would probably prevent the CDU from seeking a complete ban on burkas in public. Nevertheless, Mrs Merkel made her distaste for full face veils clear.
In practice, very few women cover their faces in Germany. But this is about symbolism. Mrs Merkel has faced significant party and public anxiety about the integration of about a million asylum seekers.
She has gradually hardened her asylum policy, making it easier, for example, to deport foreign-born criminals.
And this is also about timing. Tuesday's speech in effect sets out the CDU stall ahead of next year's general election.
Mrs Merkel's conservatives, like other established parties, are losing votes to the AfD. Even she admits this will be the toughest election she has ever fought.
Mrs Merkel told the annual CDU congress in the city of Essen that it was right to expect integration from newcomers.
She expressed support for a proposal, outlined in August by Interior Minister Thomas de Maiziere, to outlaw the burka or any full-face veil in public buildings.
In German culture, she said, it was not appropriate for women to completely cover their faces and the full veil "should be banned wherever it is...

Summary: German Chancellor Angela Merkel has said the wearing of full-faced veils should be prohibited in the country "wherever it is legally possible".
###
Article: The exams regulator said an increase in 15-year-olds sitting exams early was mainly to blame.
The A* to C pass rate fell to 62.8% after it had remained stable at 66.6% for three years.
The percentage of the highest A* to A grades also dipped to 17.9%, down from 19.4% in 2016.
Qualifications Wales had warned that an increase in early entries in some subjects was likely to mean lower results.
The Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ), which collates exam data for Wales, England and Northern Ireland, said changes in entry patterns - particularly for 15-year-olds - and the high proportion of pupils who took the two new mathematics GCSEs early in November, had a substantial impact on the results.
It said more students had "banked" a result and not returned to sit the exam again this summer - many whom have achieved a Grade C or above that would otherwise appear in these latest results.
As a consequence, it warned that reliable conclusions could not be drawn from direct comparisons between results this summer and the previous one, or between summer results across the UK.
Education Secretary Kirsty Williams said Wales has seen "some of the biggest changes in qualifications in decades" which had been "really challenging for pupils and teachers".
She said this was reflected in this year's overall GCSE A* to C grade pass rate.
Ms Williams said she was "concerned" about the high number of pupils being entered early for their exams and that the current situation was "unsustainable".
"We have signalled to schools that early entry should only be considered if it is in the interest of individual children, but what we've seen is entire cohorts of children being entered," she said.
Ms Williams added the "perverse incentives" that drive some schools to enter children early "should be taken out of the system".
The overall A* to G pass rate was also down from 98.7% to 96.9%, but the percentage of the highest A* grades remained at 6.1%.
While the fall in grades has been linked to the increase in 15-year-olds sitting exams early,...

Summary: The GCSE A* to C pass rate in Wales has fallen to its lowest level since 2006, after some of the biggest changes in decades to the exams system.
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Article: Four councils have pledged £250,000 for a detailed traffic modelling plan to look at traffic on both sides of the proposed bridge in detail.
The idea for a new bridge to ease congestion in Reading town centre has been circulating for about 40 years.
There are three main routes over the Thames in the area, two in Caversham, Reading and one in Sonning, Wokingham.
Wokingham and Reading Borough Councils, along with Oxfordshire County Council and South Oxfordshire District Council have all pledged money for the study.
A spokesman for South Oxfordshire District Council said: "We are mindful of the potential negative impact that a scheme such as and additional bridge could have on the road network within South Oxfordshire.
"However we are committed to working with neighbouring authorities to identify solutions which may ease the traffic problems."
Wokingham council leader Keith Baker, said other ideas to ease the traffic congestion including an expanded park-and-ride route were "tinkering at the edges - we need to do something big".
Mr Baker said: "We've had an extensive traffic model for our area but what we didn't have was going across the river into Oxfordshire.
"That hopefully will give us the definitive evidence to start mitigating against some of the issues that Oxfordshire County Council have."
The bridge and any road alterations would cost between £60m and £100m, which would require government funding.

Summary:

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The Norwegian convicted of the massacre of 77 people last year has said he is being held in "inhumane" conditions.

Article: He told Fox News that the Democratic Party was using the row over his remarks to deflect from bigger issues.
His remarks on Wednesday were regarding 30,000 emails Mrs Clinton did not hand over as part of an inquiry into a private email server.
Russia has accused the candidates of stirring up anti-Russian sentiment.
"Of course I'm being sarcastic," Mr Trump told Fox News.
His campaign has maintained pressure on Mrs Clinton over an FBI investigation into her use of a private email server while she was secretary of state.
During the investigation, Mrs Clinton did not hand over 30,000 emails as they contained private details.
On Wednesday, Mr Trump told a news conference: "Russia, if you're listening, I hope you're able to find the 30,000 emails that are missing. I think you'll be rewarded mightily by our press."
He later wrote on Twitter that if anyone had the emails, they should hand them over to the FBI.
Jake Sullivan, Mrs Clinton's senior policy adviser, reacted angrily to Mr Trump's remarks.
"This has gone from being a matter of curiosity, and a matter of politics, to being a national security issue," he said on Wednesday.
The row came as Russia was accused of hacking emails from the Democratic National Committee (DNC) for Mr Trump's benefit. Both Russia and Mr Trump denied the allegation.
Those emails were leaked to the Wikileaks organisation and published last Friday.
In his interview with Fox, Mr Trump said: "The real problem is what was said on those emails from the Democratic National Committee.
"What they said on those emails is a disgrace and they're just trying to deflect from that."
The emails showed DNC officials, who are supposed to remain neutral, had favoured Mrs Clinton and derided her Democratic rival Bernie Sanders.
President Barack Obama has refused to rule out Russian involvement in the leak, adding: "What we do know is that the Russians hack our systems. Not just government systems, but private systems."
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said the hacking allegations were a "vivid example of...

Summary: US presidential hopeful Donald Trump says he was being sarcastic when he appeared to invite Russian hackers to find Hillary Clinton's missing emails.
###
Article: Eva Ottoson who lives in Nottinghamshire has agreed to take part in the medical procedure that would see her donate her uterus.
Her 25-year-old daughter, Sara, who lives in Sweden, was born without reproductive organs.
If successful she could become pregnant and carry her child in the same womb that she herself was carried in.
The mother and daughter hope the procedure could happen in Sweden next spring.
The pair have undergone tests to ascertain their suitability for the transplant operation.
Sara Ottoson was born without a uterus because of the condition Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser (MRKH) syndrome.
Her mother, who moved to England from Sweden three years ago, said: "From the start when we realised what her condition was she [Sara] has always been talking about adoption.
"Then this opportunity came along last autumn.
"So I think there are loads of young women out there, who for one reason or another, can't get their own babies and if this could be some way of doing it in the future, why not?
"Both me and my daughter are rational about it.
"It's just an organ like a kidney or whatever. She needs it, I have it. I don't need it anymore.
"I can't see the ethical problems about it really."
The only previous womb transplant widely reported occurred in 2000, in Saudi Arabia.
A womb from a 46-year-old was given to a 26-year-old but it had to be removed 99 days later because of complications.

Summary: A 56-year-old says she hopes to become the first woman to have her womb transplanted into her daughter.
###
Article: De La Soul's debut album 3 Feet High and Rising is a rap landmark: A free-thinking, kaleidoscopic record that expanded hip-hop's palette with goofy sketches, socially-conscious lyrics and samples from Johnny Cash and Steely Dan.
Songs like Eye Know and The Magic Number are classics, but you cannot stream them. Nor are they available on iTunes; while CD copies of the album are hard to come by.
The same goes for the follow-up, De La Soul Is Dead, and almost all of the band's subsequent releases.
"It's really heart-wrenching," says Kelvin Mercer, aka Posdnuos, De La Soul's laid-back, loquacious spokesman.
"It's an unfortunate place we've been put in as a group."
The problem is all those samples  - more than 70 on 3 Feet High and Rising alone. Even though the band's record label got clearance for most (but not all) of them in 1989, they failed to predict the rise of the internet.
"Our contracts on those early albums said specifically 'vinyl and cassette,'" explains Posdnuos. "The wording wasn't vague enough to lend itself to [new] music technology.
"So once the whole age of digital music came into play, new deals needed to be cut for those entire albums."
The master tapes are now owned by Warner Bros records who, the rapper says, have been reluctant to tackle the issue.
"They're like, 'Is it worth it?'" he says. "They've got to go through almost every song with a fine comb to make sure this sample or that sample was cleared. They just don't want to deal with it.
"Whenever we find someone who works there that's willing to help us, there'll be a change of the guard and a whole bunch of new people come in, and they don't know what's going on. It's been a very lengthy, draining process."
Posdnuos is particularly upset that new fans who discovered De La Soul through their collaboration with Gorillaz can only hear low-quality, unlicensed versions of the De La Soul's classic albums on YouTube, from which he earns nothing.
"Young people want to invest in who you are, and there's nothing around for them to invest in," he...

Summary: As they release their first album in 10 years, De Le Soul explain why their classic records are missing from streaming services and download stores.
###
Article: Ms Swift, 27, accuses broadcaster David Mueller of slipping his hand under her dress while they posed backstage together at one of her 2013 concerts.
Her lawyer said in his opening statement at the court in Denver, Colorado, that Mr Mueller had "grabbed her rear end".
Mr Mueller sued the singer in September 2015, calling her allegation false.
He said she had cost him his $150,000-a-year job as a host at country station KYGO-FM.
Ms Swift - who was in court on Tuesday - countersued a month later, saying what occurred at the city's Pepsi Center was assault and battery.
On Tuesday, jurors were shown a photograph of the alleged assault at a VIP room meet-and-great before the gig on 2 June 2013.
In the picture, Mr Mueller and his then-girlfriend, Shannon Melcher, stand with Ms Swift in the middle.
All are smiling, and Mr Mueller's right hand is hidden behind the Shake it Off singer.
Mr Mueller's lawyer, David McFarland, said in his opening statement the image shows his client's hand "is not underneath Miss Swift's skirt, and her skirt is not rumpled in any fashion".
"David Mueller unequivocally denies he touched her inappropriately in anyway," Mr McFarland said as his client looked on in court.
"Falsely accusing someone of inappropriate touching is equally offensive, equally wrong and should not be tolerated."
In his opening statement, Mr Mueller said he had only sued "to clear his name and for lost earnings", denying reports that he was seeking $3m in damages from the radio promotions director of his former station.
But Ms Swift's attorney, Douglas Baldridge, said Mr Mueller had given seven accounts of what happened.
He had also destroyed taped conversations about the incident with his bosses, said the lawyer.
Mr Baldridge told the eight jurors: "What's wrong with this picture? A woman gets assaulted, a woman reports it, and she gets sued."
He added: "It's not inappropriate touching. It's assault."
On 3 June, Mr Mueller met his bosses. He was fired the next day on the basis he had violated a "morals clause",...

Summary: Pop star Taylor Swift is "absolutely certain" she was groped by a Colorado radio DJ, a court has heard.
###
Article: Prime Minister David Cameron published a summary of his taxes after criticism in the wake of the Panama tax leak.
Scottish Labour's Kezia Dugdale released her returns on Saturday, and was followed by Tory Ruth Davidson.
SNP leader Ms Sturgeon and Willie Rennie of the Lib Dems then published their documents the following day.
Minus pension contributions, which are not taxable, each opposition leader was paid more than £52,000 for their work as an MSP. Each paid about £10,000 in tax.
For her role as first minister, again minus pension contributions, Ms Sturgeon was paid more than £104,000, and paid £31,000 in tax.
Ms Dugdale was the first of the Scottish party leaders to publish her returns, saying she had "nothing to hide".
The figures showed Ms Dugdale had paid £734.40 in tax for earnings from her Daily Record newspaper column despite donating the full annual fee of £5450 to the Motor Neuron Disease Scotland charity.
Ms Dugdale said: "There is an obligation on all of us who seek to serve the public to be transparent.
"Not since the MPs expenses scandal has there been such palpable anger at the sense of unfairness at the heart of our society.
"Politicians need to not only play by the rules, they need to be seen to be playing by the rules."
Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson, who published her returns shortly after Ms Dugdale, also made charitable donations from her income without claiming relief.
Ms Davidson has repeatedly defended Mr Cameron over his tax affairs, saying the prime minister has been "very clear" about his finances.
Scottish Lib Dem leader Mr Rennie, who published his returns on Sunday, noted: "Compared with certain other party leaders my tax returns are rather dull, but here they are anyway."
As Ms Sturgeon published her returns, the SNP said both she and her predecessor Alex Salmond had forgone more than £20,000 in pay since 2009 through a system which sees minister put money from their own pay packets towards public spending.
Ms Sturgeon said: "There should be a presumption that if...

Summary: Nicola Sturgeon has joined Scotland's other party leaders in publishing her tax returns amid calls for transparency over politicians' personal finances.
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Article: Anders Behring Breivik complained in a letter to the prison service that his coffee is served cold, he does not have enough butter for his bread, and he is not allowed moisturiser.
Breivik is serving a minimum 21-year sentence for the bombings and shootings in Oslo and Utoeya island last July.
The Norwegian authorities have not commented on the letter.
However his lawyer has confirmed that the details of the 27-page document leaked to Norway's VG newspaper are authentic.
Breivik is being held in almost complete isolation - 23 hours a day, he says - at Ila prison outside Oslo.
His cell includes three sections, one to sleep, one for study and a third for exercise - each measuring 8 sq m (86 sq ft).
In the letter, he complains that the cell is poorly decorated and has no view.
"I highly doubt that there are worse detention facilities in Norway," he writes.
'Too cold'
Among his other complaints are:
Ila is an all-male institution which "houses some of the country's most dangerous men", its website says.
However it differs markedly from other maximum security jails in western Europe. The staff is a half-and-half mix of men and women and none are armed.
Breivik massacred 77 people, most of them teenagers at a youth camp run by Norway's governing Labour Party.
His 21-year sentence can be indefinitely extended for as long as he is considered a danger to society.

Summary:


Roger Moore has told how one of his first decisions before taking over the role of James Bond was not to use Sean Connery's famous phrase "shaken not stirred".

Article: OK, so the sequel to the James Comey hearing doesn't have the same build-up as the original, but that doesn't mean that there won't be fireworks - or that the proceedings can't cause new headaches for the Trump administration.
In a way, the attorney general's hearing is likely to be a mirror image of Mr Comey's, with Republicans lobbing friendly questions while Democrats sharpen their knives.
Here's a look at five pressing questions that Mr Sessions could face.
During his confirmation hearings in January, Mr Sessions answered this question with a negative - then had to plead a faulty memory when it was revealed that this was not, shall we say, an accurate account.
Then-Senator Sessions had indeed had two meetings with Mr Kislyak. He visited with the ambassador - who is considered by some to be the top Russian spymaster in the US - around the time of the Republican convention, and he later hosted him in his Senate office.
The subsequent disclosure of these meetings led directly to Mr Sessions' March announcement that he would recuse himself from the Justice Department's investigation into possible ties between the Trump campaign and the Russian government.
Now, according to reports, there may have been a third meeting between the two men, perhaps before or after then-candidate Trump gave a high-profile foreign policy speech at the Mayflower Hotel on 27 April, 2016.
This may have been the "facts" that Mr Comey was hinting at during last week's testimony when asked about Mr Sessions.
"He was very close to and inevitably going to recuse himself for a variety of reasons," the former FBI director said. "We also were aware of facts that I can't discuss in an open setting that would make his continued engagement in a Russia-related investigation problematic."
It was one of the more dramatic passages in Mr Comey's written statement last week - his revelation of a meeting in the White House on 14 February where Mr Trump told him he hoped he could let Flynn go.
"The President signalled the end of the briefing by...

Summary: US Attorney General Jeff Sessions' appearance before the Senate Intelligence Committee on Tuesday is the biggest thing to hit Washington since, uh, last week.
###
Article: The images show the prince at the family's Norfolk home, Anmer Hall, and were taken in mid-July by photographer Matt Porteous.
One image shows the prince playing with the family dog Lupo.
Prince George Alexander Louis - known as His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge - was born on 22 July 2013.
A Kensington Palace spokesman said: "The Duke and Duchess hope that people will enjoy seeing these new photographs.
"They would like to thank everyone for all the lovely messages they have received as Prince George celebrates his third birthday."
However, the RSPCA has criticised the picture of Prince George holding an ice cream close to the mouth of the family dog.
"It is lovely that Prince George is trying to help keep his family dog, Lupo, cool in these high temperatures," a spokesman said.
"We would advise people to be cautious when giving their dogs food meant for human consumption as some items, like chocolate, can be highly toxic to dogs and dairy items can be difficult for them to digest.
"Instead of ice cream we would suggest making an ice lolly from pet-friendly ingredients. Making these can be really fun for children and the end product is both safe and enjoyable for dogs."
Paula Boyden, veterinary director at the Dogs Trust charity, agreed.
She said she "would always advocate seeking methods to keep your dog cool, but possibly not in the form of an ice cream, unless it is a dog-friendly version".
"The cow's milk and sugar content in ice cream can sometimes lead to digestive issues. Whenever you do treat your dog, do consider the ingredients and always seek the advice of your vet," she added.

Summary: Four official photographs marking Prince George's third birthday have been released by the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.
###
Article: The measure would allow abortion in cases of rape, if the mother's life was at risk or if the foetus would not survive the pregnancy.
Currently, women can be prosecuted if they have an abortion.
The bill, which has the backing of President Michelle Bachelet, will now go back to the Chamber of Deputies for approval.
The proposal was first introduced two and a half years ago and has faced by stiff opposition from the Catholic Church and socially conservative groups.
Senators voted separately on each of the three cases in which women would be allowed to have an abortion:
The voting went late into the night and was further delayed when police had to remove abortion opponents who had interrupted proceedings with their chanting and shouts.
But on Twitter, a hashtag backing the bill was trending.
Supporters of the bill hope the Chamber of Deputies will now swiftly approve the document without further changes so it can be sent to President Bachelet for signing.
Changing Chile's strict abortion laws has been one of the president's main goals.
"I believe that women should have legally the possibility of making their own choices," she told the BBC in an interview last year.
"In this country until now this is criminalised - if you interrupt your pregnancy, you will go to jail. And I believe this is not fair."
But opposition to the move has been considerable and the debate surrounding it at times bitter.
Abortion in limited cases was legal in Chile until 1989, when it was completely banned under the rule of Gen Augusto Pinochet.

Summary: Senators in Chile have voted in favour of a proposal which would end the country's total ban on abortions.
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Article: Investigators can apply to see the contents of text and instant messages, as well as their location.
However, authorities may not be able to access the full wealth of data available to telecoms companies because of legal restrictions.
Guidelines require police to find out individuals' identities first before obtaining records from trouble spots.
Research In Motion, maker of the BlackBerry smartphone, has already said that it will be cooperating with investigations, and pointed out that it is bound to hand over subscriber information when it relates to criminal activity.
The company's BBM instant messenger has been identified as one of the services used by rioters to coordinate their actions.
Under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA), police can apply for details of a customer's phone records, including their location, details of calls made and received, and internet activity.
But requests must be made for each suspect on a case-by-case basis.
Police would be unable to carry out a broad-based search, identifying, for example, every person who was in Clapham Junction sending the word "riot".
"They would have to say we want this individual's comms data and these are the reasons why," said solicitor advocate Simon McKay, who has written a book on the subject.
"When it comes to the next person they would have to look at that completely separately and re-apply."
Initial identification data would likely need to be taken from video, photographs, CCTV footage and other intelligence.
Those limits mean telecoms subscriber data becomes useful additional evidence, rather than a first port of call.
Mr McKay explained that, when considering requests, the issue of collateral intrusion also had to be taken into account - specifically, how much of other people's data might inadvertently be disclosed, along with that of the suspect.
Such safeguards make investigations extremely labour intensive according to Barrie Davies, a retired chief inspector who now teaches RIPA procedure for Baron Training.
"It is a lot of...

Summary: Police may be able to use rioters' mobile phone information to help convict them, say legal experts.
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Article: The film, starring Richard E Grant and Paul McGann, depicts the lives of two unemployed actors who spend a disastrous weekend in the countryside.
The copy of Bruce Robinson's novel, written between 1969 and 1970, is estimated to reach between Â£4,000 and Â£6,000 when it goes under the hammer.
It includes extensive handwritten revisions by Robinson.
He has described Withnail and I as "70% autobiographical" - and was living in a house in Camden, north London, where much of it is set, when he was writing the novel.
The work for sale also includes a page torn from a magazine featuring the author and his flatmates outside their house in the late 1960s.
Withnail and I was adapted for the screen in 1987, produced by former Beatle George Harrison's HandMade Films and directed by Robinson.
It also starred Richard Griffiths as the flamboyant Uncle Monty, in whose rural cottage Withnail (Grant) and McGann (I) stay.
While it did not make an impression at the box office at the time, it became hugely popular in the following decade - particularly with students.
It became famous for lines including Withnail's: "We want the finest wines available to humanity, we want them here, and we want them now."
The draft is to be auctioned as part of Sotheby's sale of English literature, history, children's books and illustrations on 15 December.

Summary: The first draft of the novel that went on to be turned into cult film Withnail and I is set for auction at Sotheby's.
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Article: In an interview for June's edition of Empire magazine, Moore recalled his early meetings with 007 film director Guy Hamilton.
Moore said that while he would be playing the same character they wanted to avoid "any deliberate" comparisons.
The interview, one of a series in Empire on Bond, came ahead of new Bond film Skyfall.
Starring Daniel Craig as 007 and directed by Oscar-winner Sam Mendes, the latest movie in the franchise will be released in October.
Scenes have been shot in London, Turkey and the White Corries in Glencoe.
The filming in the Highlands in February reportedly involved a car chase featuring Aston Martin DB5s - the same car driven by Connery in Goldfinger and Thunderball.
Talking about his early discussions with Hamilton about taking over from Scottish actor Connery, Moore said: "We talked about my approach to the character.
"The thing he wanted to avoid was any deliberate comparison to Sean, apart from the fact I was playing the same character.
"So I was never saying 'Martini, shaken not stirred'."
In her interview with Empire, producer Barbara Broccoli recalls how Connery exploded the traditional image of a movie's leading man.
Ian Fleming's books about the secret agent were adapted for film by Broccoli's father Cubby Broccoli and Harry Saltzman.
She said: "The typical British leading man used to be Trevor Howard or Leslie Howard - very polite and your classic gentleman.
"I think the real genius of Cubby and Harry was the fact that they didn't pay any attention to the typical class structure and they took someone who was a very real person and put him into this suit."
The magazine tells of "unsung hero" Yat Malmgren, a Swedish dance teacher to whom Connery turned to help hone his movement and gestures.
It also tells of Dr No scriptwriter Terence Young introducing Connery to his Savile Row tailors and then telling the actor to sleep in the suits.
Empire said the idea was to give the character the look of a man who had an eye for finery, but was more caught up in "life and death than ironing shirts".

Summary:


Two German men have been sentenced to three strokes of a cane and nine months in jail in Singapore for vandalism and trespassing.

Article: The software uses a 3D representation of every artery that is 1mm across or wider, scanned from a single person.
Its accuracy passed a first key test when physicists compared blood flow in the virtual aorta with the that of real fluid in a 3D-printed replica.
Flow patterns seen in the physical copy were a good match for the simulation.
This was the case even when the fluid passing through the plastic aorta - and the virtual blood passing through the simulated aorta - was moving in pulses, to mimic the way blood is pumped by the heart.
"We're getting extremely close results both in the steady flow and the pulsatile, which is very exciting," lead researcher Amanda Randles, from Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, told BBC News.
She presented the findings - including the comparison with a 3D-printed aorta - this week at the American Physical Society's March Meeting in Baltimore. The whole-body simulation itself was first unveiled at a computer science conference in November.
It is called "Harvey" - a tribute to the 17th-century physician William Harvey who first discovered that blood is pumped in a loop around the body. At the core of Harvey's computer code is a 3D framework, built up from full-body CT and MRI scans of a single patient.
"It's not a common practice," said Dr Randles of the full-body scan. "But if we have it, then we can extract the arterial network.
"We get a surface mesh representing the vessel geometry, then we decide what's a fluid node and what's a wall node, and then model fluid flow through there."
That modelling takes place on a supercomputer at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.
"It has 1.6 million processors, so it's one of the top 10 supercomputers," said Dr Randles, who worked in supercomputing at IBM before doing a physics PhD at Harvard, where she started work on Harvey.
"The first stage was simply a proof of concept: can we actually model at this scale?" Most other simulations, she explained, have focussed on smaller sections of the circulatory...

Summary: A new supercomputer simulation of blood moving around the entire human body compares extremely well with real-world flow measurements, researchers say.
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Article: Each year more than 1,500 seals are born on the islands, which are situated off the Northumberland coast and are managed by the National Trust.
Rangers spend two months each autumn monitoring what is one of the largest Atlantic grey seal colonies.
In 2015, 1,876 pups were recorded - the highest number since 1971.
The arrival of the pups begins as early as mid-September in some years and the majority are born in November, the National Trust said.
Ranger Ed Tooth said: "A lack of predators and a plentiful supply of sand eels and gadoids (cod) - which make up a majority of the seals' diet - has contributed to the success of the colony.
"The seals have also selected a different location for their rookeries, the breeding sites for the seals.
"This has resulted in mortality rates dropping, possibly because the islands offer better protection from storms and high seas."
The rangers, who live on the islands for nine months of the year, count the seals every four days.
The youngsters are sprayed with a harmless dye to show the week they are born to allow conservation staff to keep track of their numbers.
Mr Tooth added: "Waiting for the first seal pup to be born is always an exciting time of year.
"It's impossible not to be fascinated by the bright white, fluffy, wide-eyed pups even though we will hopefully see more than 2,000 pups over the coming weeks."

Summary: The first seal pups of the year have been seen on the Farne Islands, triggering the start of the annual census of the animals.
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Article: The taskforce will examine state and federal efforts to eradicate the illegal substance and identify ways to improve those strategies.
The move follows a March report by the Australian Crime Commission (ACC) that found ice posed the highest risk to communities of any illegal substance.
PM Tony Abbott said use of the drug was a growing problem around Australia.
"As a citizen and as a parent I am appalled at what is happening on our streets and in our homes," Mr Abbott said at a press conference on Wednesday.
"Ice is far more addictive than any other illicit drug. It does far more damage than any other illicit drug," he said.
"The propensity for violence, the propensity to subsequent, very serious mental illness, the propensity to disfigurement which ice produces means that this is a drug epidemic way beyond anything that we have seen before now."
According to a 2013 National Drug Strategy Household Survey, 7% of the Australian population aged 14 years or older have reported using amphetamine or methamphetamine at least once in their lifetime.
In the same survey, 2.1% reported recent use. These figures remain unchanged from those reported in 2010.
The reported use of powder methamphetamine fell significantly between 2010 and 2013 but the reported use of ice more than doubled. People are also using ice more frequently, with many people using it daily or weekly.
The crime commission report found that the purity of the drug available in Australia had increased over the past few years, making it even more dangerous.
It said the price of crystal meth in Australia was among the highest in the world, driving the country's organised crime gangs to trade increasingly in the drug. More than 60% of Australia's major organised crime figures now deal in crystal meth.
It said that, according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the average street price per gram of methamphetamine in China is $80 (A$105, Â£54), whereas in Australia it is $500. Wholesale prices in Australia have been recorded as ranging...

Summary: Australia's government has established a national taskforce to tackle growing use of crystal methamphetamine, or ice.
###
Article: Prosecutors accepted James Richardson's alcohol dependency was a medical condition that substantially impaired his responsibility.
Natalia Czekaj died from multiple stab wounds in January.
A Met Police officer described it as a "tragic case" and a "frenzied attack".
The judge also imposed an extended licence period of five years during which Richardson will be supervised and receive help with his alcohol addiction.
Richardson, 35, from Berridge Green, Edgware, and Miss Czekaj, 34, were both believed to be functioning alcoholics.
They were celebrating the New Year at home when the defendant attacked the barmaid with a kitchen knife, the Old Bailey heard.
At the time, his blood alcohol level was four times the drink-drive limit.
Judge John Bevan QC told him Ms Czekaj had been "the gratuitous victim of your rage".
Det Insp Simon Pickford, of the Met's Homicide and Major Crime Command, said: "Natalia died during a frenzied attack, which may have been fuelled by Richardson's dependency on alcohol.
"Richardson will have time to think about the consequences of his actions behind bars."
In accepting the plea of manslaughter by diminished responsibility, the prosecution had to be satisfied he had a recognised medical condition that substantially impaired his responsibility.
During the trial, Richardson's defence lawyer told the court although his client could not remember the killing, "his remorse and shock have been wholly genuine".

Summary: An alcoholic who almost decapitated his girlfriend has been jailed for six years after pleading guilty to manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility.
###
Article: The AI, known as Alpha, used four virtual jets to successfully defend a coastline against two attacking aircraft - and did not suffer any losses.
Alpha, which was developed by a US team, also triumphed in simulation against a retired human fighter pilot.
One military aviation expert said the results were promising.
In the simulation described in the study, both attacking jets - the blue team - had more capable weapons systems.
But Alpha's red team was able to dispatch the enemy planes after performing evasive manoeuvres.
In their paper, researchers from the University of Cincinnati and defence company Psibernetix describe Alpha as "a deadly opponent".
Reporting on simulated assaults against retired US Air Force colonel Gene Lee, the researchers wrote: "Not only could he not score a kill against it, he was shot out of the air by the reds every time after protracted engagements."
Alpha uses a form of artificial intelligence based on the concept of "fuzzy logic" - in which a computer considers a wide range of options before making a decision.
Because a simulated fighter jet produces so much data for interpretation, it is not always obvious which manoeuvre is most advantageous or, indeed, at what point a weapon should be fired.
Fuzzy logic systems can weigh up the significance of these individual pieces of data before making a broader decision.
The researchers' key achievement here was to do this in real-time with computational efficiency.
"Here, you've got an AI system that seems to be able to deal with the air-to-air environment, which is extraordinarily dynamic, has an extraordinary number of parameters and, in the paper, more than holds its own against a skilled and capable, experienced combat pilot," said Doug Barrie, a military aerospace analyst at think tank IISS.
"It's like a chess master losing out to a computer."
But Mr Barrie also told the BBC  it might not be easy or appropriate to translate the system to real-world combat environments.
If such a system were ever used in a live setting and decided to...

Summary: An artificially intelligent fighter pilot system has defeated two attacking jets in a combat simulation.
###
Article: Andreas Von Knorre and Elton Hinz pleaded guilty to entering a train depot and spraying graffiti on a train.
Singapore has strict laws on vandalism, and has caned and jailed foreigners in the past for the offence.
These include a Swiss national in 2010 and US teenager Michael Fay whose 1994 caning sparked global controversy.
Von Knorre, 22, and Hinz, 21, had flown into Singapore from Australia in November last year and vandalised a train during their stay.
They left the country afterwards and were eventually arrested in Kuala Lumpur in neighbouring Malaysia.
Both men expressed remorse in court, and called their acts "a stupid mistake".
Caning in Singapore involves being struck with a wooden stick on the back of the thigh, which can leave permanent scars.
The maximum penalty for vandalism is a fine of S$2,000 (Â£958: $1,461) or up to three years in jail, in addition to three to eight strokes of the cane.
In 2010, Swiss software consultant Oliver Fricker was jailed and caned for spray-painting graffiti on a train in Singapore.
American Michael Fay made international headlines when he was sentenced in 1994 for damaging cars and public property. Despite an appeal from US President Bill Clinton, Singapore authorities went ahead with the caning but gave Fay a reduced number of strokes.

Summary:


A pair of Queen Victoria's cotton pants with a 45in (114cm) waistband are to be sold at auction in Wiltshire.

Article: Riders often race for multiple teams around Europe and Hemsley fears their movement could be limited in future.
"The reality is that at the moment, British speedway simply can't produce enough local British talent," he said.
"It will be a significant challenge to the sport. It's something I hope, one way or another, might get headed off."
Four members of the Elite League side's seven-member team are from EU countries, with Australian Aaron Summers their only rider from elsewhere.
"We've employed Australians, New Zealanders, Americans in the past so we've had to go through the process [of applying for the right to work in the UK] with various riders," Hemsley told BBC Radio Leicester.
"The thought of having to do that for the vast majority of the team fills me with horror. It is very time consuming, it's unwieldy and you feel like your own destiny is out of your control."
In football and other team sports, players with an EU passport are currently free to play in the UK, while those from outside must meet Home Office criteria.
"I hope the UK Border Agency will be used to a massive increase in workload because I am sure that's what they are going to get," Hemsley continued.
"One thing football doesn't do is that their footballers aren't playing for Inter Milan and Barcelona as well as Leicester City which our guys are."
Lions captain Nicolai Klindt currently rides for Scunthorpe Scorpions as well as Polish side Atlas Wroclaw, Swedish side Elit Vetlanda and Outrup of his native Denmark.
"I was a bit scared about it when I first heard about it because with the visas and the work permit, even though I'm only from Denmark, I'm going to get all that now," he said.
"What I've heard is that it's going to take at least two years before everything is sorted and in that case I could get a British passport because I've lived over here for that long.
"Personally it's not going to be a problem, but for other clubs just look at Swindon, they've got five Australians and they've got to sort out five visas and if that's the...

Summary: Britain's exit from the European Union could have a negative impact on speedway, according to Leicester Lions owner David Hemsley.
###
Article: The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh warned that being overweight may now be considered "the norm".
It claimed a tax would help fund the "spiralling" healthcare costs associated with the problem.
The British Soft Drinks Association (BSDA) insisted that the case is "not compelling".
It cited research which suggested a 20% tax would save just four calories per day.
Liverpool University chair of clinical epidemiology, Simon Capewell, is due to speak at a conference on the issue in Edinburgh later, entitled: "Obesity: A 21st Century Epidemic".
Professor Capewell will cite Mexico as one example where a 10% sugary drinks tax is believed to have contributed to a 10% reduction in the consumption of such beverages while Finland, France, Hungary, Latvia and the USA have also introduced sugar taxes.
He said: "The revenues raised can then be invested back into initiatives to increase children's health in these countries, as is happening in Mexico.
"Scotland has an excellent track record in addressing public health issues. Notable achievements include smoke-free public places and proposals for minimum unit pricing for alcohol. We need to explore how these developments could be repeated with sugary drinks."
Gavin Partington, BSDA director general, said: "The efforts by soft drinks companies including product reformulation, smaller pack sizes and increased promotion of low and no-calorie drinks have led to a 7% reduction in calories from soft drinks in the last three years.
"It's also worth noting that politicians in Belgium and Denmark rejected the notion of a tax in 2013 and the experience in France shows that while sales of soft drinks initially fell after a tax was introduced in 2012, they have increased since."

Summary: Doctors have called for the introduction of a tax on sugary food and drinks to tackle what they describe as an "obesity epidemic".
###
Article: The claim: Net migration to the UK will be an average of 275,000 a year until 2035.
Reality Check verdict: All such forecasts involve huge uncertainties. Migration Watch's predictions are higher than the Office for National Statistics ones, but not as high as a forecast from Vote Leave.
The think tank that campaigns for reduced levels of migration to the UK gives a headline figure of average net migration of 275,000 a year for the next 20 years.
It is an average of figures for two different scenarios, both of which assume net migration (that is people coming to the UK for at least a year minus people leaving) will fall from the 2015 level of 333,000.
The "low" figure assumes that:
The "high" figure is based on:
Neither figure has Turkey joining the EU in the next 20 years, which seems sensible given the obstacles in the way of its EU membership.
Migration Watch says that if Turkey did join, it would increase net migration by 30,000 a year for the first seven years, while transitional controls were in place, and 100,000 a year after that.
There are huge uncertainties involved in all such predictions, but it is worth looking at how Migration Watch's forecast compares with others.
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) sees net migration falling from its current levels to 185,000 per year by 2020 and staying there, giving an average over the period of just over 190,000 per year.
Migration Watch thinks the ONS has been undercounting migration from the EU, rejecting its recent explanation for the difference between the numbers of National Insurance numbers being given to EU nationals and the migration figures.
Vote Leave released a much higher estimate, the "medium" forecast for which has net migration just from the EU rising to 339,000 a year by 2030, but that assumes that Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey all join the EU in 2020, which few people believe will happen.
Read more: The facts behind claims in the EU debate

Summary: Migration Watch has released its predictions of what will happen to migration to the UK if it stays in the European Union.
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Article: Justice Secretary Chris Grayling introduced the policy last year after high-profile cases of violent prisoners absconding from open prisons.
But two judges at London's High Court said such bans were inconsistent with Mr Grayling's own parole directions.
A Ministry of Justice spokesman said it would appeal against the ruling.
Prisoners can be moved to open prisons - also known as category D prisons - if the parole board finds they are not a danger to the public or other inmates, or they are unlikely to abscond.
Prisoners are often moved to open prisons towards the end of their sentence.
Inmates can then be given release on temporary licence (ROTL), allowing them to leave the jail for a few hours or even overnight.
Last year, Mr Grayling said the government was "tearing up" the current system and introducing restrictions on known absconders, following a number of high-profile escapes.
However, Lord Justice Bean, sitting with Mr Justice Mitting, ruled the policy of excluding such transfers - except in exceptional circumstances - was inconsistent with government directions to the parole board.
The directions state that "a phased release" from a closed to an open prison is necessary for most inmates "in order to test the prisoner's readiness for release into the community".
A Ministry of Justice spokesman said it would appeal the decision, saying the "fundamental principles of the policy are not unlawful".
"The court found there was inconsistency with the implementation. Our position remains that temporary release can be an important part of rehabilitating offenders but not at the cost of public protection," the spokesman said.
The Prisoners' Advice Service, which offers free legal advice and support to adult prisoners, said the absconder policy had been a "knee-jerk reaction".
"The secretary of state's contention that he is entitled to ignore and contradict his own policy guidance demonstrates either his ignorance or flagrant disregard for basic legal principles of consistency and transparency in public decision...

Summary: A government policy to ban inmates with a history of absconding from being transferred to open prisons has been declared unlawful by senior judges.
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Article: A report by the Houses of the Oireachtas (Irish houses of parliament) Commission did not say how much would be written off.
It said the "amount involved was very small in the overall context of the bar and restaurant receipts".
The bars and restaurants involved are regularly used by Irish politicians.
The Houses of the Oireachtas contains a coffee shop, two bars and two restaurants, with a bar and a restaurant reserved for Irish TDs (members of the Irish parliament) and senators (members of the upper house of the Irish parliament).
In a statement, the Houses of the Oireachtas said the "majority of the write-offs were technical and a book-keeping tidy up of the old accounts over many years".
"There was minimal loss to the exchequer. Many of the amounts outstanding were old with no reasonable chance of settling the account," it said.
The commission's report indicated that the audit committee had carried out a "complete retrospective review" of outstanding food and drink bills.
"In the case of certain historical balances, the likelihood of recovery of the sums due was remote.
"A series of efforts had been made to recover the sums due but in some cases it was acknowledged that the records were incomplete.
"Overall there was no realistic prospect of recovery of the sums due."
The report added that the a "revised credit policy" would put a time limit on how long an individual has to pay a food or drink bill.

Summary: Bar bills racked up in Dublin's parliament buildings will be written off because there is "no realistic prospect" of them being paid.
###
Article: The pants, embroidered with the royal VR monogram, are being sold on behalf of Yesterday's World museum in Sussex.
Auctioneer Richard Edmonds said: "We've been able to date the pants by measuring the waistband and they are from the last 10 years of her life."
The sale also includes nightdresses and stockings worn by Britain's longest-serving monarch and Princess Alice.
The royal intimate apparel - described as in "excellent condition" - is expected to fetch several thousand pounds when it goes under the hammer next week.
Mr Edmonds, from Chippenham Auction Rooms, said he used the "tried-and-tested method" of measuring the waistline to date the underwear to about 1891.
"Earlier in her life she was slimmer but her pants got bigger as she got older," he said.
"As there's such a good photographic record of Queen Victoria, it's possible to calculate her waist measurement over time, so we know roughly when she would have worn items of this size."
According to Mr Edmonds, the 125-year-old underwear was bought by Yesterday's World museum from a descendant of one of Queen Victoria's ladies-in-waiting.
"Items of Queen Victoria's clothing were often given to members of the royal household, particularly after her death in 1901," he said.
"And they're stamped with the royal crest which proves they're from the royal wardrobe."
Also included in the sale on 11 July are stockings and shoes worn by Queen Victoria's third child Princess Alice and replicas of the Crown Jewels.
In 2014, a pair of Queen Victoria's silk bloomers sold at auction in Kent for Â£6,200.

Summary:


A senior member of France's opposition UMP party has admitted there were "anomalies" in the accounts of Nicolas Sarkozy's 2012 presidential campaign.

Article: On the wall behind his counter, a sign announces that besides the real - Brazil's legal tender - he accepts the "bem", an alternative currency from a local community development bank, Banco Bem.
The bank was founded in 2005 by an association of seamstresses who decided to lend their profits to a group of furniture makers so that they too could start their own collective.
There are some 100 similar microfinance banks in Brazil, as well as many barter initiatives that also involve social currencies. The banks' aim is to promote the principles of a "solidarity-based economy" which, in their view, is fairer and more sustainable than the dominant capitalist model.
Their clients can pay with colourful bills called, for example, palm-trees (palmas), chestnuts (castanhas), sunflowers (girassois), and kisses (beijos).
Even Cidade de Deus, the Rio de Janeiro's favela made famous through Fernando Meirelles's film City of God, has its own money, the CDD.
Like Cidade de Deus, Sao Benedito used to be extremely violent and drug trafficking was rife. But like several Rio slums, it has now been heavily occupied by the police and local people say they feel much safer.
Sao Benedito residents also say life has improved in recent years thanks to the social policies of the governments of former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva and his successor, Dilma Rousseff - and thanks to local projects like Banco Bem.
"Through Banco Bem, they started to encourage me, to help me, to support me," Mr Rodrigues da Silva, a former bricklayer, said.
He has taken out two loans from the bank, the first one to build his shop and the second one to enlarge it.
"Trade has grown a lot recently. Many more people are coming to spend their money here and a lot of them are paying with bens," he added, with a big smile.
Banco Bem was inspired by Banco Palmas, Brazil's first community bank founded 15 years ago in the north-eastern city of Fortaleza.
"The goal of having a social currency is to encourage people to use that money within their community and...

Summary: Shopkeeper Heraldo Rodrigues da Silva, 55, owns a small store in Sao Benedito, one of the poorest neighbourhoods in Vitoria, the capital of the Brazilian state of Espirito Santo.
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Article: The Public Health Bill, which proposes a ban on smoking in playgrounds and licensing for tattooists, has been unanimously backed by AMs.
Under the law Welsh ministers will also now have a duty to draw up a strategy to prevent and reduce obesity.
It comes 14 months after a similar bill failed to get approval amid a row over a now dropped partial e-cigarette ban.
The Welsh Government's bill originally proposed banning intimate piercing for under-16s - but this has now been extended to cover under-18s.
The measure covers the piercing of the tongue and genitalia - an AMs committee said that the weight of evidence on the medical implications meant that the proposed ban should be extended.
It is one of several amendments made to the proposed law during its second passage through the Senedd. Others include:
Other measures in the law include creating a mandatory licensing scheme for acupuncture, body piercing, electrolysis and tattooing.
The bill, now to become the Public Health Act, also prohibits tobacco and nicotine products from being handed over to under 18s by home delivery or collection services and creates a national register of retailers of tobacco and nicotine products.
The older version of the law had failed to pass in the last assembly term because of a lack of opposition support over a ban on the use of e-cigarette devices in some public places.
The ban had attracted criticism from the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats, although some Plaid AMs were expected to help the bill pass the assembly.
That changed after comments by former Public Services Minister Leighton Andrews, dubbing a previous deal with Plaid Cymru a "cheap date", upset the group and led them to reject the bill in dramatic scenes.
The bill was reintroduced to the Senedd with the e-cigarette element dropped after the assembly election, and this time the law had a much smoother ride, with no objections from opposition AMs.
Plaid Cymru, the Welsh Conservatives and UKIP all said they would support the revised proposals prior to the...

Summary: Tongue piercings for under-18s are to be outlawed after a wide-ranging public health bill was passed in the assembly.
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Article: The number of British people moving abroad is rising, official figures show, with about one in 10 British people living overseas.
So, if you are joining this group, there are a number of financial issues to deal with and opportunities to take.
Ideally, you would have a good deal of notice - six months if possible - ahead of any move. This would give you the time you need to organise carefully.
Paying off debts in the UK before you move is a good idea as it makes managing your finances less complicated and reduces the risk that currency fluctuations will increase the cost of these debts.
Of course this is likely not to be possible in the case of a mortgage, so it is a good idea to pay off credit card debts and personal loans.
It is also generally worth keeping your UK current account, but let your bank know you will be emigrating and ask for a letter of reference, which will often help you rent a property in your new country of residence.
Before you go, spend a little time researching international bank accounts as these generally let you bank in different currencies. This can be useful if you have on-going financial commitments in the UK such as a mortgage, bills to pay, or a child at university.
International current accounts also help if you continue to have an income in Britain, such as a pension. They mean you can run two current accounts side by side, one in euros for example and one in pounds sterling, transferring money between the two for no fee.
Setting up an international account before departure means that you will be able to access your money as soon as you land at your destination. It also means that should you choose to move on again, you will not need to spend time closing one account and re-opening in your new country - your money is easily accessible wherever you go.
You can hold an international account alongside your existing domestic bank account.
Becoming resident in one country while still having financial commitments in another can cause complications to your tax status. It is...

Summary: Big changes in your personal circumstances generally have financial implications, and moving abroad is no different.
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Article: The case against Internet Brands, which operates Model Mayhem, was originally dismissed in 2014.
But a federal appeals court has now overturned that decision.
The lawsuit was filed by a woman who claims she was drugged and raped by men who had contacted her through the website.
The woman, referred to in court documents as Jane Doe, was an aspiring model who had created a profile on Model Mayhem.
She claims she was contacted and invited to a casting session in 2011, but it was a sham and she was drugged and then raped on camera by two men.
Two men were jailed for such a scam in 2012.
The woman claims Internet Brands was aware that people were using the Model Mayhem site to target women in this way, but failed to warn its members, making it liable for negligence under California law.
Internet Brands filed a motion to have the case dismissed on the grounds that it was barred by the US Communications Decency Act (CDA), which says websites cannot be held responsible for content posted by their users.
"No provider or user of an interactive computer service shall be treated as the publisher or speaker of any information provided by another information content provider," the law states.
At the time, online giants including eBay and Facebook told the court that the lawsuit would have a "chilling effect" on the internet.
The district court dismissed the lawsuit in 2014.
However, a federal appeals court in California has now revived the lawsuit because it does not concern what was posted on Model Mayhem.
"Jane Doe does not claim to have been lured by any posting that Internet Brands failed to remove. Internet Brands is also not alleged to have learned of the predators' activity from any monitoring of postings on the website," the court wrote.
"Instead, Jane Doe attempts to hold Internet Brands liable for failing to warn her about information it obtained from an outside source about how third parties targeted and lured victims through Model Mayhem.
"Internet Brands could have given a warning to Model Mayhem users,...

Summary: A lawsuit against a modelling website, alleging that it failed to warn members about rapists using the site, has been revived by a US court.
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Article: The man argued that circumcision would be in accordance with his religious beliefs.
But the boys' mother, who is separated from their father, disagreed.
At a Family Court hearing in Exeter, Mrs Justice Roberts said the boys, who are six and four, should first reach an age where they can make the decision for themselves.
The man had argued that it would be "in the children's best interests to allow them to be circumcised" in accordance with his "Muslim practice and religious beliefs".
His former partner "opposes that course until such time as the children have reached an age where they are competent to give consent to such a procedure," the judge added.
"There is no guarantee that these boys will wish to continue to observe the Muslim faith with the devotion demonstrated by their father, although that may very well be their choice.
"They are still very young and there is no way of anticipating at this stage how the different influences in their respective parental homes will shape and guide their development over the coming years."
Mrs Justice Roberts said she was deferring that decision "to the point where each of the boys themselves will make their individual choices once they have the maturity and insight to appreciate the consequences and longer-term effects of the decisions which they reach."

Summary: A Muslim father has failed to persuade a judge to rule his sons should be circumcised.
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Article: Jerome Lavrilleux said the former president was not aware of the "slip".
It comes after a lawyer for an event organiser accused the UMP of ordering almost 11m euros ($15m; Â£9m) worth of fake invoices to cover overspends.
Reports say the scandal could damage the party and complicate any efforts by Mr Sarkozy to be re-elected.
Police searched the headquarters of the UMP in Paris on Monday afternoon.
"There have been anomalies," Mr Lavrilleux, a deputy director of Mr Sarkozy's 2012 presidential campaign, told France's BFM TV. with tears in his eyes.
"There was no wrongdoing, there was a terrible spiral, a train going at high speed and people who should have pulled the emergency alarm and didn't, and I was probably one of them," he said.
He said Mr Sarkozy, UMP Chairman Jean-Francois Cope and Batien Millot, the founder of the events company Bygmalion, were not aware of the actions taken.
It comes after Patrick Maisonneuve, the lawyer for Bygmalion, told the same television station that the centre-right UMP had ordered fake invoices to cover exploding campaign costs.
He said it was made clear to Bygmalion that if it did not comply, it would not be paid.
The UMP's chairman was already facing growing speculation that he will have to step down after the French newspaper Liberation reported this month that the party paid some 20m euros to a unit of Bygmalion, founded by two associates of Mr Cope, to organise campaign events.
Mr Cope told BMF TV earlier on Monday that he knew nothing of any wrongdoing.
He said he had put his trust in the people who were responsible for the party's accounts and did not think he had to look over their shoulders.
Mr Cope was already expected to face challenges for the leadership of the party after the UMP's poor result in the European Parliament elections. It came second to the far-right Front National.
Mr Sarkozy, who lost the presidency to Francois Hollande in 2012, is rumoured to be preparing to make a comeback in 2017.
He has not commented on the scandal over his 2012 campaign finances.

Summary:


"Go, go, Mubarak go" and "the people need to end this regime" shouted the angry crowds around al-Istiqamma mosque in Cairo's Giza Square, as they shook their fists at the lines of helmeted riot police after Friday prayers.

Article: Team Katusha's Eduard Vorganov tested positive for meldonium in an out-of-competition test last month.
Meldonium is used in Latvia and other eastern European countries to treat serious heart problems and aid the circulation of oxygen.
The 33-year-old joined the team in 2010 and was the Russian road race champion in 2012.
He finished 19th at the Tour de France in the same year.
Vorganov's Italian team-mate Luca Paolini failed a test for cocaine at last year's Tour and under UCI rules Katusha could now be banned from competition for 15-45 days.
Under the guidelines, if two riders and/or staff within a team commit a breach of the rules within a period of 12 months, the team shall be suspended from participation in any international event.
The team issued a statement regarding Vorganov in which it insisted: "This substance has never been used by the team in any form and was not provided to the rider by the team.
"Eduard Vorganov has been suspended from all team activities, effective immediately.
"In the event that Eduard Vorganov took this product on his own initiative we will conduct an investigation, as such conduct is in breach of the team's strict medical and anti-doping internal rules."

Summary: A leading cycling team could face a suspension after one of its riders failed a test for a banned substance.
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Article: It could mean the potential merger between the company and the German steel producer, ThyssenKrupp is more likely to move forward.
The Â£15bn British Steel Pension Scheme (BSPS) has been a significant barrier to any agreement.
Tata has been in negotiations with pension regulators and trustees of the scheme.
A deal was done between unions and the company that would see reduced benefits for current employees, but the decision would affect all members of the pension scheme including those already retired.
Other similar pension agreements have seen the companies involved pay money into the fund as well as giving a stake in the ongoing business to the new pension providers.
About 6,250 people are employed by Tata Steel across Wales, including 3,500 in Port Talbot.
Tata Steel UK has offered to pay Â£550m into its now-closed pension scheme and give the fund a 33% stake in its UK business.
It means Tata would no longer have any responsibility for the pension scheme.
This pension arrangement is only available to companies that would not be able to continue trading without the change.
Who are ThyssenKrupp?
Nearly three quarters of union members backed the new pensions deal earlier this year.
A Tata Steel spokesman said parties involved in pensions talks were in "positive discussions and we are hopeful of reaching a final agreement shortly".
The pensions regulator refused to be drawn on any speculation. It said progress was being made and an official announcement would be made in due course.
A spokesperson for the steel trade unions said: "If accurate, we welcome this development which will lead to certainty for scheme members following a year of unprecedented turmoil.
"Our members will now expect the trustees to provide all the information necessary to enable them to make the right decision for them and their families."
Pensions expert Stuart Price, partner with Quantum Advisory, said a deal has been done with a new pension scheme being set up, with better benefits than a "worse case scenario" of members relying on the...

Summary: An announcement is expected within days that would see Tata separate its UK pension scheme from the businesses.
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Article: Germany's economy - the largest in the eurozone - grew by 0.7% in the quarter, comfortably beating analysts' forecasts.
However, France's economy grew by just 0.1% in the same period.
Figures from European statistics agency Eurostat showed the eurozone's economy grew by 0.9% across 2014 as a whole.
While Germany's economy shrank 0.1% in the third quarter of last year, strong domestic demand helped it to regain momentum in the fourth quarter, the Federal Statistical Office said. The economy grew by 1.6% during 2014.
"This is a thunderbolt," said UniCredit economist Andreas Rees.
"Some spoke of possible recession after the summer but instead Germany rebounded. The fact that the growth comes mainly from the domestic economy gives strong grounds for optimism," he said.
The strong data helped to lift European stock markets, and the German Dax index climbed above the 11,000 mark for the first time.
Berenberg Bank economist Christian Schulz suggested cheaper oil, a weaker euro exchange rate and government bond buying by the European Central Bank (ECB) should all help the German economy and "more than offset the serious short-term risks such as Greece and Russia".
"While the first half of 2015 could still be a little more subdued due to  these risks, we expect German growth to reach trend levels a bit above 2% in the summer 2015."
Meanwhile, France's anaemic fourth quarter growth meant the economy expanded by just 0.4% over 2014 as a whole.
"It's obviously still too weak, but the conditions are ripe to permit a cleaner start of activity in 2015," said French Finance Minister Michel Sapin.
Of the 18 member states of the eurozone only three recorded a contraction in their economy: Greece, Finland and Cyprus.
In the case of Greece the 0.2% contraction in the economy in the fourth quarter came after three consecutive quarters of growth. That disappointed analysts, who had been expecting the figures to show the economy growing again.
"This means that there is a high chance that Greece will slip back into recession,...

Summary: The eurozone's economy grew by a stronger-than-expected 0.3% in the last three months of 2014, helped by rapid growth in Germany.
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Article: Boris Johnson said London faced a series of serious challenges in its infrastructure.
Between 2016-50, this could cost up to Â£1.3 trillion, the report said.
It said 600 new schools and colleges needed to be built as well as 50,000 homes a year but the mayor ruled out building on the green belt.
This is because there are large amounts of brownfield land which could be used, up until at least 2025, he said.
According to the report, the population increase will lead to demand for:
The mayor will establish a London Infrastructure Delivery Board to look at how the demands can be met.
Options include:
Mr Johnson said: "This plan is a real wake up call to the stark needs that face London over the next half century.
"Infrastructure underpins everything we do and we all use it every day.
"Without a long term plan for investment and the political will to implement it, this city will falter."
London Assembly Labour Group Leader, Len Duvall, said: "While I welcome the scale of Boris' ambition, his record on delivery of major projects doesn't match his lofty rhetoric.
"For all his vision, Boris is in danger of stepping down in 2016 leaving behind a legacy of expensive vanity projects, rather than the world class infrastructure we're crying out for."
A consultation on the London Infrastructure Plan 2050 will run for three months with the final report published early in 2015.

Summary: London's population is set to increase by 37% to more than 11 million by 2050, according to the mayor's report on how the city will accommodate the increase.
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Article: John Weighell, who will remain a councillor, said resigning now would enable a new leader time in the job ahead of elections in 2018.
The Conservative group said it would elect a new group leader on 13 May.
The council will meet formally to elect a new council leader on 20 May.
Mr Weighell, who was first elected as a councillor for Bedale in 1992, said he had "thoroughly enjoyed" his time as leader and was proud of how the authority had managed budget cuts.
"Wherever possible, we have made savings from the council's bureaucracy rather than front-line services," he said.
The Conservative group has a comfortable majority on the council, winning 45 of 72 seats at the last election in 2013.

Summary: The leader of North Yorkshire County Council is to stand down as both council and Conservative group leader after 14 years.
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Article: Within minutes, water cannon showered the demonstrators and there were loud thuds as tear gas canisters were fired.
People ran into the side streets of this poor neighbourhood, on the edge of the capital, with their eyes streaming.
"Let the world see what is happening in this country," yelled one elderly man. "We will never stop until this... government goes."
Ordinary Egyptians appear to be losing their fear of direct confrontation with the security forces. There have been bloody and drawn out clashes all over Cairo and in some of Egypt's main cities.
They have a long list of grievances and the demands are an explicit challenge to their rulers.
"We want a real democratic system. This regime of Hosni Mubarak has been in power for 30 years," declared Ahmed, a man in his 20s.
"I was unemployed for five years. I had to move to the United Arab Emirates. This is what I was dragged into. My son will not suffer what I have suffered. This ends here."
When you talk to people, they tell you economic reforms have not eased the poverty of Egypt's masses, education and social services are inadequate, and they complain of high levels of corruption and  political stagnation.
"We are so furious. We must have change, better chances to work, to buy a flat and have just the life's basics," said a bank clerk clutching an Egyptian flag.
"What happened in Tunisia has changed things a bit. It knocked some sense into people."
Opposition leader Mohamed ElBaradei - who joined worshippers in Giza - was swiftly moved inside the gates of the mosque as clashes began.
"One, two, ElBaradei where are you?" was the cry that then went up outside.
Some expressed disappointment that the Nobel Laureate - who set up the National Association for Change opposition coalition when he returned home to Egypt a year ago - had not taken a more prominent role in protests.
He has put up supportive messages on his Twitter account but was absent, in Vienna, for the first "Day of Rage" on Tuesday. He returned to Cairo on Thursday night.
"I support ElBaradei,...

Summary: