In a playground in Sheikh Hamad City, children shriek with delight, while their parents chat in the cool shade of their peach-coloured flats.

Article: Mr Xi was speaking at the swearing-in of the territory's new leader Carrie Lam, as Hong Kong marked 20 years since its handover to China from Britain.
On Saturday afternoon, after Mr Xi had left Hong Kong, thousands of people took part in an annual march calling for greater democracy.
During Mr Xi's visit there was little opportunity for protest.
An earlier protest had led to clashes with pro-Beijing demonstrators.
Mr Xi's visit to the city - his first since becoming Chinese leader in 2013 - came amid tight police security.
Several people were detained in the morning, when a small group of pro-democracy activists clashed with pro-Beijing demonstrators close to the site where the lavish ceremony took place.
Organisers said 60,000 people took part in the later pro-democracy march, though police said the figure was much lower.
Heavy rain affected the march, which started at Victoria Park in Causeway Bay. Some protesters carried yellow umbrellas, a symbol of the demonstrations which gripped the city in 2014.
Lam Wing-kee, one of the five Hong Kong booksellers who went missing in 2015 and re-surfaced in detention on the mainland, addressed the march.
The Chinese leader oversaw the swearing in of Ms Lam, the newly-elected chief executive of the territory, along with the rest of her cabinet. She is Hong Kong's first female leader.
In a speech he said that Hong Kong needed to "improve its systems to uphold national sovereignty, security and development interests".
"Any attempt to endanger China's sovereignty and security, challenge the power of the central government... or use Hong Kong to carry out infiltration and sabotage activities against the mainland is an act that crosses the red line and is absolutely impermissible," he said.
He added that Hong Kong now enjoyed more freedom than ever before.
But while the territory's Basic Law guarantees wide-ranging freedoms under the "one country, two systems" formula, Beijing's refusal to grant universal suffrage has triggered sometimes violent unrest.
In Saturday...

Summary: Chinese President Xi Jinping has warned against "impermissible" challenges to Beijing's authority over Hong Kong.
###
Article: It found 87% of 1,000 GPs surveyed by ComRes, felt under pressure from the number of patients with worries including toothaches or ulcers.
The poll was carried out for the Association of Dental Groups, which represents private dentists.
It said dentists were best placed to spot problems - including mouth cancer.
November is Mouth Cancer Action Month. The risk of developing the cancer is increased by smoking, chewing tobacco or drinking too much alcohol.
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) also increases the risk of some types of mouth cancer,
David Worskett, chair of the ADG, said: "With mouth cancer rates rising to over 7,500 new cases every year, and early detection vital, it is more important than ever that patients get the right care quickly.
"People often think that dentists are focus purely on teeth and gums, but actually, they are specialists in most aspects of oral health and we often find GPs refer patients back to their dentist if there is any treatment required.
"If you have any concerns about oral health related issues, be it a toothache or a long-term ulcer, you should be visiting your dentist rather than your GP.
Chief executive of the British Dental Health Foundation Dr Nigel Carter said: "As a nation we have a habit of only visiting the GP when there's a problem or when we are in some pain, yet regular dental check-ups are recommended by a dentist.
"Dentists are in the best position to spot mouth cancer. They are trained to spot early warning signs, and they do visual examinations as part of every dental check-up."

Summary: Patients are going to their GP with concerns over their oral health when they should be going to their dentist, a poll suggests.
###
Article: The Police Investigations and Review Commissioner said they attempted to get police statements over the death of Sheku Bayoh, 31, in Kirkcaldy on 3 May.
His relatives claimed they were told five versions of what happened.
Hundreds of people attended his funeral on Sunday.
Justice Secretary Michael Matheson confirmed there was a change in police operating procedure on their co-operation with the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner (PIRC) to protect the rights of officers who may have been a witness to events.
Fife Labour MSP Claire Baker acknowledged that officers have the same right to protection from self-incrimination as any other citizen but said the change in regulations is impeding Pirc investigations.
Mr Matheson said he has received no complaint from Pirc about the scope of its powers.
Ms Baker said: "Sheku Bayoh died in police custody in Kirkcaldy on 3 May.
"There is an investigation ongoing into the circumstances of his death and his family understandably want answers.
"My understanding is that in a serious case such as a death in custody, the accompanying regulation five of PIRC Regulations 2013, which provides PIRC with the power to require information from police officers, does not apply and no witness can be compelled to give a statement.
"In addition, it has been reported that in March a Police Scotland memo was issued to police officers following an agreement with the Crown advising them that they do not have to provide operational statements relating to incidents that they have been involved with if there is a possibility of them being involved in a criminal complaint.
"It leads to a situation where at the exact stage where PIRC needs the strongest possible powers, its powers are restricted and officers are being advised that they do not need to co-operate where there is a possibility of criminal complaint."
She added: "I understand that police officers are entitled to the same protection as any other citizen.
"However, if there is to be policing by consent then surely there should...

Summary: Police officers can refuse to give a statement on custody deaths if there is a possibility they will be involved in a criminal complaint, the justice secretary has confirmed.
###
Article: Ferouz Myuddin, who is 11 months old, was born in Brisbane when his mother was transferred to hospital from a refugee detention centre on Nauru.
A judge backed the government's earlier ruling that the baby was an "unauthorised maritime arrival" so could not claim refugee status.
Lawyers said he and 100 similar babies could now be sent to Nauru.
The hearing comes as the federal government considers amending the Migration Act to retrospectively declare all babies born to asylum seekers who arrive by boat as unauthorised maritime arrivals, irrespective of whether they were born on Australian soil.
If the amendments are passed, babies born to asylum seeker parents in Australia will have no right to apply for a permanent protection visa and should be transferred offshore.
Ferouz's family are Muslim Rohingyas who said they fled to Myanmar (also known as Burma) to escape persecution.
They landed on Australian territory in September last year and were taken to the off-shore processing centre in Nauru. Ferouz was born prematurely after his mother was taken to hospital in Brisbane because of concerns over her pregnancy.
Immigration Minister Scott Morrison had previously denied Ferouz a protection visa - which allows refugees to live permanently in Australia - on the basis that he had arrived on Australian territory by sea illegally.
Australia asylum: Why is it controversial?
His parents then appealed to the Federal Court but after examining how the family had entered Australia, Judge Michael Jarrett backed the government view.
He said the rule was intended to discourage people smugglers.
Lawyer Murray Watt said he was advising the Myuddin family, currently staying in a detention centre in Darwin, to appeal.
"This is a ludicrous decision given he was born here in Brisbane's Mater Hospital and he even has a Queensland birth certificate," ABC News quoted him as saying.
He said his firm - which is representing the families of 100 babies born in Australia to asylum seekers who arrived by boat - would be seeking assurance...

Summary: A federal court has ruled that a baby born in Australia to an asylum seeker is not entitled to a refugee visa.
###
Article: Ceres has long been thought to contain substantial quantities of ice within its body, but this is the first time such releases have been detected.
The discovery was made by Europe's infrared Herschel space telescope, and is reported in the journal Nature.
Scientists believe the vapour is coming from dark coloured regions on Ceres' surface, but are not sure of the cause.
One idea is that surface, or near-surface, ice is being warmed by the Sun, turning it directly to a gas that then escapes to space.
"Another possibility," says the European Space Agency's Michael Kuppers, "is that there is still some energy in the interior of Ceres, and this energy would make the water vent out in a similar way as for geysers on Earth, only that with the low pressure at the surface of the asteroid, what comes out would be a vapour and not a liquid."
The quantity being out-gassed is not great - just 6kg per second - but the signature is unmistakable to Herschel, which was perfectly tuned to detect water molecules in space.
The telescope's observations were made before its decommissioning last year.
Scientists will get a better idea of what is going on in 2015, when Ceres is visited by the American space agency's Dawn probe.
The satellite will go into orbit around the 950km-wide body, mapping its surface and determining its composition and structure.
"It will be able to observe those dark regions at high resolution, and will probably solve the question of what process is creating the water vapour," explained Dr Kuppers.
Ceres is often now referred to as a "dwarf planet" - the same designation used to describe Pluto following its demotion from full planet status in 2006.
The asteroid's sheer size means gravity has pulled it into a near-spherical form.
It is regarded as quite a primitive body in that it has clearly not undergone the same heating and processing of its materials that the many other objects in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter have experienced.
Scientists suspect water-ice is buried under Ceres' crust...

Summary: Observations of the Solar System's biggest asteroid suggest it is spewing plumes of water vapour into space.
###
Article: This huge housing project - now one of the most desirable addresses in Gaza - was built since 2012 with money from Qatar and named after the former ruler of the wealthy Gulf state.
So far, more than 2,000 Palestinians - mostly low-income families - have moved in.
The complex has a new school, shops, an impressive mosque and plenty of greenery. There is a constant whirr of construction noise as more buildings are erected.
But as the regional crisis over Qatar escalates, Palestinians here - as elsewhere in the impoverished territory - fear the loss of their major donor and ally.
"We're going to be the victims," says one resident, Baha Shalaby. "Everything's going to stop - the money, the support, the infrastructure, the building work."
In recent years, Qatar has spent hundreds of millions of dollars on new homes, a hospital and main roads in the Gaza Strip. It has pledged about $1bn (Â£780m) more.
It is not yet clear how its projects will be affected by the ongoing row with Saudi Arabia and other Gulf Arab countries. They are trying to economically isolate Qatar, accusing it of fostering terrorism - a charge the emirate strongly denies.
However, the engineer in charge of fixing Gaza's main north-south road warns of the possible wider implications of any cuts.
"We have hundreds of workers, all supporting families," says Hanafi Sadallah.
"Levels of unemployment in Gaza are very high, so if the Qataris end our funding, they'll all just be left sitting at home."
Just over 40% of Gazans are out of work, according to Palestinian officials - one of the highest unemployment rates in the world.
One of Saudi Arabia's demands has been for Qatar to stop backing Hamas, which runs Gaza.
The Islamist group took over by force a decade ago - ousting Palestinian Authority (PA) security forces, a year after Hamas won legislative elections.
Hamas leaders insist that Qatari help to Gaza has been primarily charitable.
"The houses that were built are not for Hamas, the streets that were asphalted are not for Hamas," one senior...

Summary:


A rapist who attacked a student as she walked home during freshers' week has been given an extended sentence.

Article: That was the message from a fringe event at Labour's conference in Liverpool which examined the electoral threat from UKIP - and the effect of the marginalisation of working-class communities.
While the Conservatives remain the biggest obstacle to Labour getting back into power, Jeremy Corbyn faces challenges on multiple fronts. In Scotland, there is the SNP and across large swathes of England, there is UKIP.
The party is arguably the official opposition to Labour in much of the north west and north east.
Labour MPs who feel UKIP breathing down their necks are anything but complacent, but dealing with the challenge is another matter.
"For us, it is about how you fight an emotion," says Ruth Smeeth, who won Stoke on Trent North for Labour in 2015 but saw UKIP increase its vote by 18% in the constituency.
"They were not politicians in the way we recognise them," she says of her opponents. "They didn't run political campaigns in the way we recognise political campaigns."
UKIP, like Labour, may have had its share of internal strife recently but that doesn't mean it will be any less of a threat whenever the next election takes place, activists were warned.
"There are some people trying to write off UKIP saying they are busted flush and they have peaked because of the EU referendum and (Nigel) Farage going," says Nick Lowles, founder and director of campaign group Hope Not Hate.
"But we should really caution against writing them off or at least writing off a party like that. Even if that party did not exist, there is nothing to say that people who voted UKIP at the last election would come back to Labour.
"Political and culturally, there is a huge and growing gulf between the Labour Party and Labour voters and UKIP voters."
Its research points to a growing divergence between Labour and UKIP voters in their attitudes to immigration and the threat posed by multiculturalism, with Labour voters becoming more "tolerant, open, and relaxed" about immigration and its benefits while UKIP supporters' views have moved in the...

Summary: Labour must take a hard look at itself and the gap that has opened up with millions of people who used to vote for the party.
###
Article: Her boss said she was an "example to us all" by telling colleagues she was taking sick leave for her mental health - but would British managers be similarly supportive?
In an email titled "Where's Madalyn", she told colleagues: "I'm taking today and tomorrow to focus on my mental health. Hopefully I'll be back next week refreshed and back to 100%".
Chief executive Ben Congleton replied to the message, saying: "I can't believe this is not standard practice at all organisations," adding: "You are an example to us all, and help cut through the stigma so we can all bring our whole selves to work."
In the UK, there is no legal difference between taking a mental health sick day and a day off for a physical problem like a back problem.
Last year, Britons took 137 million sick days. Of these, 15.8 million days were for a stated mental health issue - whether that is stress, depression, anxiety or a more serious condition such as manic depression and schizophrenia - according to Office for National Statistics Labour Force Survey statistics.
By contrast, 34 million days were "lost" to minor illnesses, like coughs and colds.
But Madeleine McGivern, head of workplace wellbeing at charity Mind, says "people are still wary" of admitting their sick day is actually due to mental health.
"There is definitely a fear it will affect your career, or that people will judge you and make assumptions that aren't fair or true," she says.
"If you're not in a supportive environment, if you do disclose a mental health problem it can be really harmful to you."
Despite the stigma, she says employers are legally required to protect the health and safety of those at work - and this includes mental health problem if it affects a person's day-to-day life.
"If you are unwell for any reason, you should be able to work in a place where you feel you can say 'I'm unwell today because I've got an inflamed back' or 'I've got really high feelings of anxiety at the moment' - they're actually the same thing," she says.
Lisa, a 42-year-old manager,...

Summary: Madalyn Parker, a US web developer, sparked a debate about workplace attitudes to mind problems after tweeting an email from her boss.
###
Article: The motion was co-sponsored by Labour's Frank Field and Tory Sir Edward Leigh.
Sir Edward described the Act as a "restriction on democracy" and said it had only been passed to prevent the coalition government from dissolving.
But Labour shadow minister Stephen Twigg said the Act had removed the previous "massive in-built advantage" for the governing party.
The Fixed-term Parliaments Act was passed in 2011 by the coalition government. Legally, an election can only be held every five years, and not sooner.
Previously, the prime minister could decide to call an election at any time in the life of a five-year parliament - a power Mr Twigg said led to "opportunistically timed elections".
Sir Edward said the fixed-term law had been falsely "marketed to us as a restriction on the power of the executive".
He added that it was a "hash job" that was "designed to keep both parties in the coalition from doing a runner on each other".
"Fixed-term parliaments were a pre-nup drawn up between two parties who were never in love."
Labour's Graham Allen disagreed, saying that "having the people knowing when the general election is going to take place, having the people know when the executive, the government, can be replaced, is one of the hallmarks of a modern democracy".
And Cabinet Office minister Sam Gmiyah argued that debates over the length of parliamentary terms had existed for centuries, and that the coalition was a "historic anomaly".

Summary: MPs have rejected an attempt to repeal the 2011 fixed-term Parliaments Act by 68 votes to 21.
###
Article: The controller offers two trackpads which provide "haptic" feedback capable of delivering various physical sensations to the player.
Valve said it offers a better way to play games that have traditionally been controlled with a keyboard and mouse.
Gamers have been invited to test the device before it goes on sale in 2014.
"Traditional gamepads force us to accept compromises," the company said via its announcement page.
"We've made it a goal to improve upon the resolution and fidelity of input that's possible with those devices.
By John WalkerEditor, Rock Paper Shotgun
As innovative and successful a company as Valve certainly is, they're taking some risks here.
Not least their belief that the market they're aiming for is so large. PC games, those distinct to the platform, tend to be focused on more intimate interaction, with the vast complexity of a mouse and keyboard for controls.
It's not a medium that immediately lends itself to a handheld controller from the other side of a room.
It's also worth noting that their idea is not especially novel. Media boxes, and even wheezing PC towers, already sit by a lot of people's televisions, streaming appropriate games from machines in another room, or capable of gaming themselves.
A decent portion of that perceived audience who wants to play PC from afar has likely botched something for themselves. I know I have.
For this to work, Valve is going to have to pitch some really superb tech, running in a small, super-quiet machine, at a very competitive price.
Those are a lot of factors to get right, if they want to seriously compete with the behemoths of sitting room gaming.
"The Steam controller offers a new and, we believe, vastly superior control scheme, all while enabling you to play from the comfort of your sofa."
The controller is the third announcement the company has made this week. On Monday, it outlined plans to create an entire Linux-based operating system for running games, and followed up on Wednesday with details of the Steam Machine, essentially a new type...

Summary: Games developer and publisher Valve has shown off its Steam Controller, the final part of its strategy to bring its PC-based platform to the living room.
###
Article: Reporters from new site Ars Technica found Spotify was writing up to 10GB of data an hour to their computers.
Unnecessarily writing and rewriting data to some types of computer hard drive can shorten their life.
Spotify said it was aware of the issue and was taking steps to address it in its latest version.
The issue was more likely to be problematic for people using a solid-state hard drive (SSD) in their device.
Data on SSDs can be read and rewritten a limited number of times before the drive begins to fail.
A large volume of unnecessary activity by the Spotify player could therefore bring about a drive's failure earlier than expected.
Ars Technica found that Spotify wrote and rewrote up to 700GB of data - the equivalent of more than 100 movies - over a 24 hour period.
Many people shared their concerns on social news site Reddit, highlighting that the app even rewrote the data while it was idle and no music was being streamed.
Ken Munro, from cybersecurity firm Pen Test Partners, said the problem was "either an error or lazy coding", but said more modern SSDs could tolerate more data-writing cycles.
"SSD 'wear' used to be a very significant issue when they first emerged," he told the BBC.
"Since then, manufacturers have made significant advances in reducing this and extending lifespans.
"It would take a long while to wear out an SSD nowadays, but that doesn't really excuse the Spotify bug!"
The problem affected people using the app on Windows, Linux and Mac OS.
Spotify said: "We've seen some questions in our community around the amount of written data using the Spotify client on desktop.
"These have been reviewed and any potential concerns have now been addressed in version 1.0.42, currently rolling out to all users."

Summary: Music service Spotify is rolling out a fix to stop its desktop application repeatedly writing huge amounts of junk data to computer users' hard drives.
###
Article: Remus Hamza, 41, of Riverside, Cardiff, was jailed for 12 years in February 2016 for raping the 20-year-old and was also given four years on extended licence.
He took his case to the Court of Appeal in London, arguing this was too severe.
But judges said his appeal was "totally without merit" and gave him an extra 28 days in prison for wasting court time.
Hamza claimed he had consensual sex with his victim, but was found guilty after a trial.
He had also previously exposed himself to three young women in the same area.
The woman was walking home along Museum Avenue in the early hours of 20 September 2015 after losing her friends while on a night out.
Hamza grabbed her and raped her in nearby bushes. He fled after a passer-by spotted him and called the police.
Judge Sarah Munro QC said the victim suffered serious psychological harm as a result of the attack.
Hamza's lawyers argued the crown court judge made the wrong assessment of how serious his crime was and did not take enough account of the fact he would have to serve two thirds of his jail term before his release can be considered.
Dismissing his appeal, Judge Munro said it was "not arguable" the sentence was excessive.
She added: "The provisions relating to early release and licence should be left out of the picture when determining sentence. There is no merit whatsoever in this appeal."

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Artificial intelligence can identify skin cancer in photographs with the same accuracy as trained doctors, say scientists.

Article: The governor of Unity state says several people were killed in its capital Bentiu when a plane dropped  bombs on a market.
South Sudan also says its troops came under air attack in the oil-producing Heglig region which they have seized.
Sudan's ambassador to the UK, Abdullahi Al Azreg, said Sudan did not target civilians.
He insisted Khartoum had bombed military camps used by northern rebels supported by South Sudan.
"These people are occupying our land. Everybody is witnessing what they are doing. They have killed the civilians, they are doing very bad things. We will target the rebels as long as they are occupying our land," he told the BBC.
South Sudan said earlier on Saturday that it had repulsed an offensive on its positions near Heglig.
By James CopnallBBC News, Khartoum
The events of the last week are a reversal of the expected order of things. Sudan has struggled militarily, despite its greater resources.
Its troops lost the Heglig oilfield - one of its biggest sources of revenue - and so far have not been able to take it back. The Sudanese forces' one great advantage - air power - has not tipped the balance in their favour.
Sudanese political experts say the army's morale is low, and it is overstretched, as it has to fight South Sudan as well as several rebel movements who are co-ordinating together.
But - perhaps to its surprise - Sudan is winning the diplomatic war. The African Union said South Sudan's occupation of Heglig was "illegal and unacceptable".
Perhaps in reaction to these kind of statements, South Sudan then said it would withdraw its troops if UN peacekeepers were deployed to Heglig. This seems unlikely, and South Sudan simply hasn't been able to convince the world it's in the right.
So for the moment South Sudan is in the unusual position of winning the fighting - and losing the war of perceptions.
Vice-President Riek Machar said the ground fighting took place on Friday 30km (18 miles) north of Heglig.
South Sudan seized the oil field on Tuesday, sparking international condemnation and...

Summary: South Sudan has accused Sudan of launching further bombing raids on its territory and against its forces.
###
Article: It's the day when people show their affection for another person or people by sending cards, flowers or chocolates with messages of love.
And traditionally on Valentine's Day in a leap year - every four years - women can propose marriage to their partner!
The day gets its name from a famous saint, but there are several stories of who he was.
The popular belief about St Valentine is that he was a priest from Rome in the third century AD.
Emperor Claudius II had banned marriage because he thought married men were bad soldiers. Valentine felt this was unfair, so he broke the rules and arranged marriages in secret.
When Claudius found out, Valentine was thrown in jail and sentenced to death.
There, he fell in love with the jailer's daughter and when he was taken to be killed on 14 February he sent her a love letter signed "from your Valentine".
Valentine's Day is a very old tradition, thought to have originated from a Roman festival.
The Romans had a festival called Lupercalia in the middle of February, officially the start of their springtime.
It's thought that as part of the celebrations, boys drew names of girls from a box. They'd be boyfriend and girlfriend during the festival and sometimes they'd get married.
Later on, the church wanted to turn this festival into a Christian celebration and decided to use it to remember St Valentine too.
Gradually, St Valentine's name started to be used by people to express their feelings to those they loved.

Summary: Valentine's Day, or St Valentine's Day, is celebrated every year on 14 February.
###
Article: Donor and former candidate Michael Foster is contesting Labour's decision to allow Mr Corbyn on to the ballot paper without having to secure nominations from 50 other MPs and MEPs.
Labour's National Executive Committee backed the move by 18 to 14 votes.
Mr Corbyn is taking on Owen Smith.
As a challenger, Mr Smith, a former work and pensions spokesman, had to win the backing of 20% of Labour's MPs and MEPs to be eligible to stand - a hurdle he overcame easily.
But the NEC's decision that, as the incumbent, Mr Corbyn did not have to adhere to the same requirements has proved controversial.
The NEC backed Mr Corbyn's automatic inclusion following a highly charged meeting earlier this month. Labour's ruling body, of which Mr Corbyn is a member, is reported to have taken a range of legal opinions before making its decision.
Mr Foster, who unsuccessfully stood in the seat of Camborne and Redruth at the last general election, has expressed concerns about "apparent manipulation" of the party's rules and questioned whether the legal advice was given proper consideration.
Lawyers for Mr Foster told the High Court on Tuesday that Labour and Mr Corbyn made a "very problematic interpretation" of the party's rules.
Gavin Millar QC said there was no concept of "incumbent" or "incumbency" in the party rules. "There is no distinction in the rules between the leader candidate to be automatically on the ballot paper or the challenger candidate," he said.
Mr Millar said: "There's nothing whatsoever unfair to a leader to expect him or her to gather or have a minimum level of support in the combined group [of Labour MPs and MEPs] if the leader wants to stand again in the teeth of the challenge.
"It goes with the job description to maintain that minimum level of support in the PLP (Parliamentary Labour Party)."
Appearing for Labour's NEC, Mark Henderson said precedent suggested courts were wary of intervening in voluntary unincorporated associations such as the Labour Party except where their rules have "incoherence".
He said the...

Summary: A legal challenge to Jeremy Corbyn's right to automatically stand in the Labour leadership has been heard at the High Court in London, with a decision expected to be handed down on Thursday.
###
Article: In effect, it confirms that the last three months of this latest recession were brought to you by the Queen. Or at least the extra Bank Holiday to celebrate her Jubilee.
If it had not been for that special factor pulling down output in the second quarter, it looks as though the UK's official GDP numbers would have shown the economy to be growing since the spring.
We can't say for sure how much the Bank Holiday or the Olympics have distorted these figures.
We do know that Olympic ticket sales worth 0.2 percentage points of GDP were included in this third quarter figures, regardless of when the tickets were actually bought.
We also know that the Bank of England, among others, believes the Jubilee will have knocked around 0.5 percentage points from growth in the second quarter - and then boosted the third quarter by a similar amount as companies make up the lost output.
One way to step back from this is to simply take the average quarterly growth for the past six months, which appears to have been 0.3%. That is half the long-term average, and a lot less than we would want to see in an economy that is still more than 3% smaller than it was in early 2008.
It also means the economy is no larger now than it was a year ago. This may or may not be a "lost decade". It has certainly been a lost year, if these preliminary figures turn out to be accurate.
But it is growth - even with all the one-offs - and faster growth than most in the City expected. It is even possible now that the UK economy will grow slightly over the course of 2012, though most still expect national output to decline a little. That is because the figure for the fourth quarter is unlikely to be nearly as good as Thursday's. Indeed, some expect it to shrink in the last three months of 2012 - though the average forecast is for modest growth.
The positive "surprise" in these figures is largely to be found in the service sector, which is estimated to have grown by 1.3% in the third quarter, after shrinking by 0.1% in the three months before.
For some,...

Summary: Thursday's first estimate for growth is welcome news to everyone, not least government ministers.
###
Article: From April, betting firms, including those offshore, will be charged the levy to support UK horse racing.
The reforms look to replace the current system, which required only UK-based operators to pay.
Sports minister Tracey Crouch said the move would make sure "gambling firms pay a fair return" to the sport.
However, the plans could still face complex legal issues, according to betting firms.
All operators which take bets on British racing from customers based in Britain would have to pay 10% of the gross profits above the first Â£500,000, the government said.
But the plans were subject to passing European Union state aid rules, it added.
It is these rules which could hold up the government and delay the reforms beyond its April target, gambling operators said.
"There is a passing reference to the need for them to obtain state aid clearance and that remains a significant hurdle for them to overcome," said Clive Hawkswood, chief executive of the Remote Gambling Association.
Bookmakers have in the past threatened legal action over plans to extend the levy.
Mr Hawkswood said: "It would be premature to talk about legal challenges until that process [of notifying the EU] is complete and that could take months."
The Association of British Bookmakers, which represents high street betting shops, said it was concerned about the "cumulative impact" of media rights, tax and regulation.
The question of levy contributions from the betting industry, which is a major sponsor of horse racing, has vexed both sides for decades.
The current system has been in existence since 1961 but has become outdated and while some offshore firms have been making voluntary contributions towards British racing, it is not compulsory.
The latest reforms, first announced in March 2016, come after long periods of consultation.
Ms Crouch said: "Horse racing has a strong heritage in this country, employing thousands of people and is enjoyed by many almost every day of the year."
The expansion of the levy was "critical to the future health of...

Summary: Bookmakers who take bets on British horse races from UK gamblers could have to pay a 10% levy on their profits, under new government plans.
###
Article: The Stanford University team said the findings were "incredibly exciting" and would now be tested in clinics.
Eventually, they believe using AI could revolutionise healthcare by turning anyone's smartphone into a cancer scanner.
Cancer Research UK said it could become a useful tool for doctors.
The AI was repurposed from software developed by Google that had learned to spot the difference between images of cats and dogs.
It was shown 129,450 photographs and told what type of skin condition it was looking at in each one.
It then learned to spot the hallmarks of the most common type of skin cancer: carcinoma, and the most deadly: melanoma.
Only one in 20 skin cancers are melanoma, yet the tumour accounts for three-quarters of skin cancer deaths.
The experiment, detailed in the journal Nature, then tested the AI against 21 trained skin cancer doctors.
One of the researchers, Dr Andre Esteva, told the BBC News website: "We find, in general, that we are on par with board-certified dermatologists."
However, the computer software cannot make a full diagnosis, as this is normally confirmed with a tissue biopsy.
Dr Esteva said the system now needed to be tested alongside doctors in the clinic.
"The application of AI to healthcare is, we believe, an incredibly exciting area of research that can be leveraged to achieve a great deal of societal good," he said.
"One particular route that we find exciting is the use of this algorithm on a mobile device, but to achieve this we would have to build an app and test its accuracy directly from a mobile device."
Incredible advances in machine-learning have already led to AI beating one of humanity's best Go players.
And a team of doctors in London have trained AI to predict when the heart will fail.
Dr Jana Witt, from the charity Cancer Research UK, said:  "Using artificial intelligence to help diagnose skin cancer is very interesting, as it could support assessments by GPs and dermatologists.
"It's unlikely that AI will replace all of the other information your clinician would...

Summary:


Disney World in Florida.
The court ruled that the school's head teacher had no right to stop the

The most important court in the UK, has made a decision that means parents are not allowed to take children on holiday during term-time, unless the school agrees.

Article: At the moment, they pay 90% of the amount due if the home was occupied.
However, Scottish Borders Council is now considering using powers which would allow them to charge twice the standard level.
It has been estimated it could generate an extra Â£900,000 although that figure might fall as homes are occupied.
The levy would not apply to homes which are unoccupied because they are being renovated unless they then lie empty for two years or more.
New build properties would also be exempt from the measure if they are being genuinely marketed for sale or let at a realistic price.
The charge would also not be applied to holiday properties.
A report to councillors has recommended that the new measure be brought in from 1 April.
It stressed that the driving force behind the measure was not to raise money but to encourage owners of long-term empty dwellings to bring them back into use.

Summary: Owners of homes in the Borders which have lain empty for a long period could see their council tax charges more than doubled.
###
Article: The collapse of the retaining wall in December 2013 caused a landslip next to the flats at 2 Gardner Street.
The block was evacuated after fears the collapse could affect its "structural stability".
Repairs to the wall have cost almost Â£777,000. Residents will be allowed back in on 7 December.
Dundee City Council said councillors had approved the work to repair the wall in March 2015.
Ken Guild, convener of the council's policy and resources committee said: "I am delighted that residents will be able to get back into their homes.
"When no one took responsibility for the necessary work, the council stepped in to carry out permanent repairs which has proved to be a success.
"Now that we have reached a conclusion, residents can get settled as soon as possible."
The council said work still needed to be done in the rear garden of the property.

Summary: Dundee residents who were forced to move out of their homes two years ago after a wall collapsed have finally been allowed to move back in.
###
Article: "It's a very efficient way for a company to accept payment, since they receive 100% of the value of a transaction," he says. "Very different from dealing with credit cards, which take at least 2% to 3%."
His company, which offers a popular electronic wallet for storing Bitcoins, now has three million users - plus a London headquarters.
Britain's first Bitcoin cash machine has been installed in a Shoreditch coffee shop in London, where you can pay for your coffee from your digital wallet.
And argue some, with other successful UK start-ups including Coinfloor, a Bitcoin trading platform, and Elliptic, which aims to offer unhackable ways to store them in offline vaults- Bitcoin is becoming increasingly 'Britcoin'.
Britain's tech empire normally shrivels beside that of the United States. Last year London's 'Silicon roundabout' district received $1.4bn (Â£930m) in investments, compared to Silicon Valley's $22bn (Â£14.6bn).
But the financial crisis forced an outflow of talent from banking to start-ups.
And more global financial institutions make their home in wet Britain than sunny California.
So London became the world's new financial technology centre, employing more people (over 44,000) in the sector than either Silicon Valley or New York.
Payment looms large in financial technology, and start-ups working with cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ripple, which are the two largest cryptocurrencies by market capitalisation, are prominent.
Collectively, they're luring big bits of investment.
When Elliptic raised Â£1.2m ($1.8m) in seed funding last summer, it was regarded as an important coming of age for cryptocurrencies.
Cryptocurrencies offer an advantage in countries where official currency exchange is tightly controlled, like China.
Cryptocurrencies could revolutionise how banks handle payments, too.
Large retail banks currently use central clearing - everything goes to one place, and then back out.
But with Bitcoin, this exchange happens in different places and instantaneously.
At the moment, the small amount...

Summary: Two years ago, perhaps 4,000 or 5,000 merchants in the world accepted Bitcoin, says Nicolas Cary, co-founder of Blockchain, now there are more than 100,000.
###
Article: Ms Mayawati, who uses one name, had earlier staged a walkout from the upper house after she was told to cut short a speech about violent caste clashes in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
"If I can't speak about our weaker sections in the House then I have no right to stay there," she said.
Ms Mayawati has been chief minister of Uttar Pradesh four times.
But she suffered what many analysts called a humiliating defeat in state polls held earlier this year.
She is an icon to millions of Dalits, most of whom are poor.
Analysts say the resignation could well spell the end of her parliamentary career. She cannot seek re-election until her tenure ends in April next year and even then, they say, that she does not have the numbers to stage a comeback.
On Tuesday, Ms Mayawati was attempting to speak about the recent caste violence in Saharanpur town in which two people were killed, when the deputy chairperson the upper house told her not to "monopolise" the discussion.
She later said that she was "not being heard, not allowed to speak".
Other opposition parties expressed support when she walked out, and many followed her out of the house.

Summary: One of India's top female politicians and Dalit (formerly untouchable) icon has quit her parliamentary seat.
###
Article: Resuming on 39-3, Durham slipped to 63-6, with Ryan Sidebottom (4-34) taking the wickets of Graham Onions, Scott Borthwick and Paul Collingwood.
Ryan Pringle (57 not out), Michael Richardson (33) and Graham Clark (25) delayed the hosts into the afternoon.
But Jack Brooks (3-55) took the final wicket of Chris Rushworth as Durham were all out for 192.
Second-placed Yorkshire are a point behind leaders Middlesex, who beat Nottinghamshire by five wickets on Friday to relegate the East Midlands county.
Durham's target of 421 always looked out of reach, especially after losing three wickets in 16 overs before close on Thursday.
Sidebottom finished with season-best bowling figures and he struck in his first and second over of the day to rip the heart of the Durham middle-order.
Clarke and Richardson put on 49 for the seventh wicket to make sure the game went behind lunch, while Pringle hit a spritely half-century and brought up his 50 with a six off Tim Bresnan.
But Durham slipped to their third Championship defeat of the season and remain in relegation trouble.

Summary: Yorkshire beat Durham by 228 runs to remain in the hunt for a third successive County Championship title.
###
Article: The ruling has come about because a dad was fined for taking his daughter out of school for a family holiday to Disney World in the United States, without her head teacher giving permission.
The man from the Isle of Wight appealed against the fine, and at first won the case, but now the UK Supreme Court has ordered him to pay the fine of Â£120.
It means that parents will now have to seek permission from the school and head-teacher to take children on holiday during a school term.
The case has caused lots of arguments because some people feel the price of holidays outside of school terms is too expensive, and many parents feel they should have the choice to go on cheaper breaks during a school term.
The Department for Education said: "We are pleased the Supreme Court agreed with our position - that no child should be taken out of school without good reason."
We've been speaking to some of you, to see what you think about the decision...

Summary:


An "explosive creativity" of craft spirits has seen 50 new distilleries open across the UK last year, according to a study.

Article: In power virtually unchallenged since independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, Nursultan Nazarbayev has focused on economic reform while resisting moves to democratise the political system.
He remains popular among ordinary Kazakhs. His supporters say he preserved inter-ethnic accord and stability during the reform in the 1990s, and is widely credited for the country's impressive economic growth in first decade of the new millennium.
Mr Nazarbayev has concentrated extensive powers in his own hands and is accused by the opposition of suppressing dissent. Although he says he advocates democracy as a long-term goal, he warns that stability could be at risk if change is too swift.
Born in 1940, Mr Nazarbayev came to power in 1989 as first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and was elected president the following year. He was re-elected after the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991.
He was re-elected against largely token opponents in 1999, 2005, 2011 and - most recently - in 2015. In each case, his share of the vote rose, reaching more than 97% in the last vote, and the conduct of every election was criticised by foreign observers.
In 2007, parliament, in which the ruling party held all seats, voted to allow the president to stay in office for an unlimited number of terms. In 2010, MPs granted Mr Nazarbayev the lifelong title of "leader of the nation".
His 2011 victory came after judges ruled unconstitutional a plan to hold a referendum on whether to let Mr Nazarbayev to stay in power until 2020 without facing election.
The president thereupon said he rejected the changes, which had been strongly backed by MPs and by many voters.
When Mr Nazarbayev does step down from the president, he will have a permanent seat on the defence council and a role as head of the people's assembly, which unites members of different ethnic groups, according to a law approved in a 2007 referendum.
The president merged his Otan ("Fatherland") party with his daughter Dariga's party, Asar, in July 2006, in a move seen as...

Summary: President: Nursultan Nazarbayev
###
Article: Last week, Dropbox reset all passwords that had remained unchanged since mid-2012 "as a preventive measure".
In 2012, Dropbox had said hacks on "other websites" had affected customers who used their Dropbox password on other sites too.
But now what purports to be the details of 68.6 million Dropbox accounts have emerged on hacker trading sites.
The 5GB document has been acquired by a Motherboard reporter, who also said it had been verified as genuine by a "senior Dropbox employee" speaking on the condition of anonymity.
The data includes email addresses and hashed passwords.
But security researcher Troy Hunt, who has also seen the document, said the hashing algorithm that obscured the passwords was "very resilient to cracking".
"Frankly, all but the worst possible password choices are going to remain secure even with the breach now out in the public," he said.
Mr Hunt said he had managed to independently verify the hack by finding the password of his wife within the cache.
He told BBC News the document contained a "very unique, 20-character, completely random password" used by his wife to login to Dropbox.
It had been created by a password manager, he said, making the chance of it having been correctly guessed "infinitely small".
Mr Hunt wrote his blog: "There is no doubt whatsoever that the data breach contains legitimate Dropbox passwords - you simply can't fabricate this sort of thing."
Security researcher Ken Munro also said the hack appeared to be genuine and to have "taken place in 2012".
In a statement sent to the BBC, Dropbox said: "This is not a new security incident."
And there was "no indication" Dropbox user accounts had been improperly accessed.
"Our analysis confirms that the credentials are user email addresses with hashed and salted passwords that were obtained prior to mid-2012," said the statement.
"We can confirm that the scope of the password reset we completed last week did protect all impacted users.
"Even if these passwords are cracked, the password reset means they can't be used to...

Summary: A Dropbox security breach in 2012 has affected more than 68 million account holders, according to security experts.
###
Article: Rosa Zambonini was elected to represent the Wishaw ward on North Lanarkshire Council, replacing SNP colleague Marion Fellows.
In Falkirk, Paul Garner held a seat in Denny and Banknock ward for the SNP.
The Labour candidate in the by-election was suspended pending an investigation over sectarian comments he was said to have made on social media.
Andy Bell's name remained on the ballot paper for the election of the new Denny and Banknock councillor.
However, a Labour spokesman said the party had "withdrawn its support".
The by-election was called after John McNally was elected MP for Falkirk at May's general election.
In Falkirk, first-preference voting was: SNP 2,576, Lab 549, C 431, Green 170. The swing from Labour to the SNP was 23%.
In North Lanarkshire, first-count voting in the Wishaw ward was: SNP 1,915, Lab 1,230, C 385, Soc 117, Ukip 67, LD 37. Swing from Lab to SNP 21%.

Summary: The SNP has won by-elections in Falkirk and North Lanarkshire sparked by former councillors becoming MPs.
###
Article: Eamon Kelly, 52, was accused of cheating in this year's Tarbes Grand National, a blue riband event.
He allegedly registered 14 birds for the race, but kept them at home while sending decoys to Tarbes, France.
The National Flying Club said the 52-year-old, from Didcot, admitted to senior members that he cheated.
In a statement the association said: "This follows the falsification of [his] race entry for Tarbes Grand National race dated 19 July 2016.
"Mr E Kelly admitted [cheating] in telephone conversations with the president, chairman and secretary of the National Flying Club after the falsification was confirmed."
Mr Kelly won the 2015 Tarbes Grand National and was also an official race controller for the National Flying Club.
Before the allegations were uncovered, he was due to receive Â£1,500 in prize money and a Â£10,000 Ford Fiesta for defending the title.
Before the announcement of the decision to ban Mr Kelly, National Flying Club chairman Philip Curtis wrote on its website that "the committee is very saddened by the events that took place over the Tarbes weekend".
He added: "Such an occurrence put a huge cloud over the whole race.
"Compounded by national coverage of the event this is a very sad day for the sport of pigeon racing.
"We wish to inform members that the National Flying Club is satisfied that no other members of the organisation are involved in this occurrence."
Mr Kelly's partner told the BBC he was "distraught" after the claims surfaced last month, but has not yet commented on his expulsion.
The conventional form of pigeon racing is for each keeper to race birds from the same starting - or "liberation" - point, back to their individual lofts.
The distance between these points is calculated to the nearest yard and the birds of each club or group of clubs are all released together.
Each bird wears a secretly numbered ring or an electronic ring and when that bird arrives home, either the rubber ring is removed and placed in a clock which registers the time or the electronic ring registers on...

Summary: A pigeon racing champion has been handed a lifetime ban from the sport following allegations he cheated to win a race from France.
###
Article: The Disney remake has faced a backlash from US parents who claim the princess has an unnaturally small waist.
The Downton Abbey actress, 25, reportedly had to go on a liquid diet to fit into the tight-fitting corset for the role.
"Why on earth are we focusing on something so irrelevant?" she asked reporters at the UK premiere.
"I've had friends' kids and a little boy Daniel who is nine and he said, 'It's amazing how you promised your mum to be kind and good and remembered it'.
"You just thought, 'That's the message.'"
The live action adaptation has been criticised ever since a trailer showed 25-year-old Lily James in a blue princess ball gown with a tiny waist.
Some people accused filmmakers of digitally resizing it to make it look smaller, but the stars denied that at the premiere.
"The film is about courage, kindness, strength and beauty from within so they're focussing on the wrong thing," James told Newsbeat.
"I had Sandy Powell create it. The first time I put it on it took my breath away.
"It's so beautiful and to wear it, I felt empowered. It felt like it was a suit of armour. I felt unbelievable."
Sandy Powell - who's won Oscars for her designs in Shakespeare in Love, The Aviator and The Young Victoria - also defended the costume.
"I think it's a really boring thing to talk about when there's an entire film," she told Newsbeat.
"The only CGI involved in the costumes is to do with the shoe.
"We made the show, and the shoe is a real object but then obviously Lily doesn't wear the shoe and the shoe is magically put onto her feet."
Other critics say Cinderella is an unhealthy female role model and that it's undone some of the work of Frozen because it suggests she needs Prince Charming to get by.
Game of Thrones actor Richard Madden, who plays the role, says that's nonsense.
"Cinderella does not need Prince Charming. She's be fine without him," he told Newsbeat.
"My job was to create a prince that was worthy of her affection.
"She would be fine without him. That's the character. She's strong and brave and...

Summary: Lily James says criticism about her waist being made to appear too thin in Cinderella is "irrelevant".
###
Article: Accountancy group UHY Hacker Young claimed new "boutique" distillers were pushing big brands off the shelf.
It said Scotland saw a 50% rise in new distilleries over the past year, from 12 in 2015 to 18 in 2016.
In England, a record 35 new distilleries were opened last year compared with 28 the previous year.
James Simmonds, of UHY Hacker Young, said: "Both the craft spirits and the craft brewery sectors are going through a period of explosive creativity.
"You can see that in everything from the logos, branding and advertising of these products.
"The quality of the product is streets ahead of their big brand competitors.
"It is no wonder that the global drinks giants are worried, and the best way they have found to deal with that new competition is get out chequebooks and buy them."

Summary:


Pregnant women should visit countries with a risk of malaria only if their trip is essential, experts are warning.

Article: The Hebridean Whale and Dolphin Trust (HWDT) recorded its highest ever number of young whales in its latest survey of marine life. The surveys began in 2003.
Twenty-eight juveniles were counted this year, three times the average compared with previous years.
Whales coming in from other areas has also been suggested as a reason.
Survey team members documented 28 juvenile minke whales and 30 adults. HWDT said it was an "unusually high proportion" of young compared to adults.
The survey had an encounter rate of one juvenile minke per 177 miles (286 km).
It also recorded the highest annual number of common dolphin sightings since the charity's expeditions began, with 723 individuals observed over 63 encounters.
The species was once uncommon in the Hebrides, but the trust's encounter rate with the species has more than doubled over the past 12 years.
Kerry Froud, HWDT biodiversity officer, said: "These intriguing changes in Scotland's marine life highlight the importance of long-term monitoring of cetaceans - so that we can better understand what is happening in our waters, and then make management recommendations to better protect this world-class area of marine biodiversity."
The surveys are carried out between May to October by scientists and volunteers on board Silurian, the trust's dedicated research yacht.

Summary: Conservationists have suggested a "baby boom" as a possible reason behind increased sightings of juvenile minke whales off western Scotland this year.
###
Article: Theresa May said the "sick and depraved" attack in Westminster, in which five people died, would not stop people going to work as normal or Parliament from sitting on Thursday.
Values of freedom of speech, liberty and democracy would prevail, she said.
She praised the "exceptional bravery" of the police officer who died.
Speaking outside No 10, Mrs May - who earlier chaired a meeting of the emergency response committee Cobra - said her thoughts were with the officer's relatives and those others who had been killed and injured in the "appalling incident".
"Our thoughts and prayers go out to all who have been affected - to the victims themselves, and their family and friends who waved their loved ones off, but will not now be welcoming them home," she said.
"For those of us who were in Parliament at the time of this attack, these events provide a particular reminder of the exceptional bravery of our police and security services who risk their lives to keep us safe.
"Once again today, these exceptional men and women ran towards the danger even as they encouraged others to move the other way."
While the details of the incident - in which a single alleged assailant in a car struck a number of pedestrians on Westminster Bridge before stabbing a police officer at the gates of the Palace of Westminster - were still emerging, she said, the UK would not be cowed.
Confirming that the terror threat level would remain at severe, she said it was no accident that Parliament had been targeted in the incident.
"These streets of Westminster - home to the world's oldest Parliament - are ingrained with a spirit of freedom that echoes in some of the furthest corners of the globe," she said.
"And the values our Parliament represents - democracy, freedom, human rights, the rule of law - command the admiration and respect of free people everywhere. That is why it is a target for those who reject those values.
"But let me make it clear today, as I have had cause to do before, any attempt to defeat those values through violence and...

Summary: The terror attack in Westminster will not stop Britons from going about their lives and such attacks are ultimately "doomed to failure", the PM has said.
###
Article: Non-EU citizens settling in the UK for longer than six months are also being required to pay a "health surcharge" as part of their visa applications.
The new rules from the Department of Health came into force on 6 April.
Primary care and A&E care continues to remain free.
Permanent residents of 32 European countries qualify for NHS treatment, which is then billed to their country of residence, but this new ruling applies to foreign migrants or visitors based in other countries, mainly those outside the EU.
These patients can be treated in an NHS hospital but are expected to repay the cost of most procedures afterwards.
But up to now, the DoH has only sought to reclaim the actual costs, without adding any extra charges.
The DoH hopes the changes will help it recoup up to £500m a year by 2017-18.
The new guidelines do not require patients on trolleys in hospitals to produce passports before getting access to urgent care.  Nor do they apply to accident and emergency or a visit to a GP.
What is covered is ongoing treatment on the NHS after an initial diagnosis or referral - for example an outpatient appointment.
The Department of Health is incentivising hospitals to be more vigilant in checking patient credentials by allowing them to charge more for treatment of people "not ordinarily resident" in the UK.
The department can recoup those costs from the patient's member state if they are from the European Economic Area.
In the paperwork filled in by the patient before the appointment they will be asked for proof they are "ordinarily resident".
This could be a utility bill, national insurance number or passport details.  Some hospitals were doing this already but many were not.
The guidelines are designed to increase the chances that the treatment costs for a non-UK resident can be recovered.  Critics may ask why it has taken so long for the initiative to be launched.
The charges are based on the standard tariff for a range of procedures, ranging from about £1,860 for cataract surgery to about £8,570 for a hip...

Summary: Visitors from outside the EU who receive treatment in NHS hospitals in England are now being charged 150% of the cost under changes brought in to discourage "health tourism".
###
Article: The rare medals badge of honour, which includes four grand crosses, belonged to Lieutenant-General Rowland Hill.
The commander of the British Army fought with the Duke of Wellington in 1815 and served in the Napoleonic Wars.
Auctioneers said the historical brooch, which was discovered in its original box in Derbyshire, "honoured and recognised his many acts of bravery".
More stories from the East Midlands
The medals include the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, the Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order, the Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and the Sword and the Peninsular Cross.
Charles Hanson, of Hanson's Auctioneers, said the badge was one of the "richest historical" military finds he has ever come across and was "worthy of a place in a museum".
"I am delighted to see this important historical item honouring a war hero and great leader of men sell for well above its estimate of £1,000 to £2,000," he said.
Mr Hanson added that General Hill was an "extraordinary man".
"He led armies of up to 30,000 men in some of the most important battles of the 1800s in Egypt, Spain, Portugal and France," he said.
"He inevitably had brushes with death. At the Battle of Waterloo, where Hill commanded the II Corps, he was lost in the melee and feared dead but escaped unscathed."
Source: Hanson's Auctioneers

Summary: A military bar brooch featuring medals awarded to a Battle of Waterloo soldier has been sold for £7,800 at auction.
###
Article: The court was told both charges against Stephen Harding, 52, from Glen Vine, had been dropped.
A two-week retrial began on 3 February after a jury of seven failed to come to a unanimous verdict in December following the first trial.
On 15 February the second jury was dismissed by Deemster Birkett after a verdict could not be reached.
The charges, which Mr Harding has always denied, dated back to a period between April and September 2012 when he was a Manx government advocate.
The Chief Secretary's Office on the Isle of Man said: "The attorney general has been suspended from his duties pending the outcome of the trial.
"The position will now be reviewed in accordance with established internal processes."
A spokesman from the Isle of Man Constabulary said Mr Harding's acquittal was a "most unsatisfactory outcome from the perspective of both the complainants and the defendant alike".
"Thankfully the heavy burden as to the question of innocence or guilt is not a matter for the constabulary," he added.
"The members of the inquiry team were tasked with conducting a thorough and impartial investigation in seeking to collate the facts of this challenging case and that is exactly what they did.
"I am immensely proud of their professionalism, dedication and decorum."

Summary: The Isle of Man's attorney general has been acquitted of perjury and acts against public justice.
###
Article: Mothers-to-be are more likely to get malaria as their immunity is lowered, says the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG).
Malaria carries serious risks for mother and baby including miscarriage, stillbirth and premature labour.
The tropical disease is transmitted by mosquitoes and causes a fever, flu-like symptoms, vomiting and diarrhoea.
There have been no malaria-related deaths in pregnant or recently pregnant women in the UK in the past decade but the RCOG says it has been receiving inquires from worried women.
In the UK, about 1,500 cases of malaria are reported each year and about 10 people will die, said the RCOG.
It says all non-essential trips to areas with a high risk of malaria should be avoided.
Risk areas include large areas of Africa, Asia including China and India, Central and South America, parts of the Middle East and some Pacific Islands.
If the trip is unavoidable, the college advises women to seek advice from a centre with expertise in malaria which will provide information on ways to reduce the risk of infection.
Women should make sure they are aware of the risk, take out measures such as mosquito nets for bite prevention and take anti-malarial medication.
Philippa Marsden, who chairs the RCOG's patient information committee, said although the risks were still relatively small it was important that women were well-informed.
Cath Broderick of the RCOG women's network said: "If women are worried about symptoms after returning from a high-risk country and think they may have malaria, they should see a doctor immediately and inform them of their recent travels."
Symptoms can take a week or more to develop after being bitten.

Summary:


Red-faced officials at the Home Office have been forced to correct a spelling error in a press release about new English language tests for migrants.

Article: In the year to March 2015, there were 41,176 such crimes recorded, compared with 29,466 during the previous year.
Overall crime in Greater Manchester was up 10% during the same 12-month period.
Chief Constable Sir Peter Fahy said: "This increase in recorded violent crime is showing some worrying trends and placing huge demand and risk on a reducing number of staff."
His force has lost more than 1,100 officers since 2010.
Greater Manchester's Police and Crime Commissioner Tony Lloyd called on Prime Minister David Cameron to "stop chipping away at the police service" and "invest in the safety of our local communities."
There were a total of 200,432 crimes recorded by Greater Manchester Police - a 10% rise, compared to 3% nationally.
Mr Lloyd said while police numbers were being cut, demands on police were increasing as they deal with more complex issues "such as child sexual exploitation and domestic abuse."
Reported sexual offences increased by 55% to 4,970 in 2014-15 while there was a 33.4 % rise in domestic violence in the region, with 19,621 recorded crimes.
Sir Peter added: "Many of these incidents are complex with vulnerable victims to be protected and dangerous offenders to be brought under control. We are bringing many more cases to court but keeping on top of this is getting more and more challenging."
On an average day, GMP deals with 532 crimes, including 51 daily victims of domestic abuse, 12 sexual assaults and 10 hate crimes.
National figures showed an increase in knife crime in England and Wales for the first time in four years.

Summary: Violent crime in Greater Manchester rose by 40% in the last year, according to the Office for National Statistics.
###
Article: The Nigerian novelist was well known in literary circles but gained a far wider audience after Beyonce used an extract of her speech called called We Should all be Feminists in her 2014 track Flawless.
Now her words are being used again in a Boots advert released this week: "For a while I stopped wearing make-up and hid my high heels. And I became a false version of myself. But then I woke up and I saw in full colour, full confidence again."
As a feminist, she is aware that she has to explain her relationship with make-up.
In her talk at TedxEuston she said that the word feminist was "so heavy with baggage, negative baggage. You hate men, you hate bras, you hate African culture."
Instead, she said, she wanted to be identified as a "happy African feminist who does not hate men and who likes lip gloss and who wears high heels for herself but not for men".
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie:
"Sadly, women have learnt to be ashamed and apologetic about pursuits that are seen as traditionally female, such as fashion and make-up"
While this highly specific definition of a feminist was tongue-in-cheek, she still felt the need to defend wearing make-up earlier this month.
In a 9,000-word Facebook post she wrote a guide to how to bring up a feminist daughter.
"If she likes make-up let her wear it; if she likes fashion let her dress up. But if she doesn't like either let her be."
She advised that raising a feminist didn't mean forcing her to reject femininity: "Feminism and femininity are not mutually exclusive. It is misogynistic to suggest that they are.
"Sadly, women have learnt to be ashamed and apologetic about pursuits that are seen as traditionally female, such as fashion and make-up."
This comes from personal experience.
In her TedxEuston talk, she revealed that when she was getting ready to teach her first writing class she felt a pressure to avoid looking feminine: "I really wanted to wear my shiny lip gloss and my girly skirt but I decided not to.
"Instead I wore a very serious, very manly, and very ugly suit. Because...

Summary: One of the world's leading feminists is not the obvious choice to be the face of a make-up brand, but Boots has just made Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie the face of No7.
###
Article: The points have been removed from the club's total with immediate effect, meaning they drop outside the Super League play-off positions.
Bradford now sit in ninth position, two points below Hull KR, who occupy the final play-off berth.
A consortium submitted a conditional bid for the Bulls last week and this was passed to the RFL on Tuesday.
The six-point penalty is two points more than Wakefield and Crusaders were given when they went into administration and is the largest the RFL could have handed out.
Bulls interim chief executive Gary Tasker said: "We expected a deduction of points by the RFL and we of course accept that penalty. We are not yet in a position to be able to offer any recompense to our creditors and as such a six-point deduction was what we expected.
"We are still in the competition and a place in the top eight - and with it the ability to make the play-offs - is still within our grasp and we will be travelling to Warrington on Sunday in a confident and determined mood."
Centre Chev Walker responded to the news of the points deduction by tweeting: "6 points of hard work on the field taken because of sloppy work off it!! Play-offs are still in reach long as we get our heads down."
Administrator Brendan Guilfoyle revealed last week that the bid put forward by the consortium would be conditional on the Bulls being allowed to continue in Super League and lease back Odsal, which is owned by the RFL.
"The best the RFL will get is a conditional bid," he told BBC Look North.
"The consortium I'm dealing with won't move forward with the club in the second tier. It would be a totally different business model.
"If this bid isn't accepted by them then this club will cease to exist and I will have failed."
Bradford Bulls entered administration on 26 June after attempts to raise £1m to keep the club running were unsuccessful.

Summary: Bradford Bulls have been handed a six-point deduction by the Rugby Football League for entering administration.
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Article: The committee will hear from seven head teachers on Friday.
Figures in October showed 2.8% of grammar pupils are eligible for free school meals compared with 13.4% in non-selective schools.
Councillors are also examining grammar schools' admission criteria and their outreach work to support poorer pupils.
Liberal Democrat councillor Martin Vye said the statistics were "appallingly low" and the gap was still too wide.
He said he believed more could be done in primary schools to bring children from poor households to a level where they could face the Kent Test - the county's selective 11-plus - "with confidence".
Conservative councillor Jenny Whittle said figures were improving with grammar pupils eligible for free school meals now over 3%.
Adding that she would like the figure to double, she said: "Clearly we need to do more."
Both councillors are on the Kent County Council committee set up to tackle social mobility in the county's grammars. The committee is chaired by Ms Whittle.

Summary: Head teachers are giving evidence to a committee set up to tackle social mobility in Kent grammar schools as councillors admit more should be done.
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Article: The World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) has extended the period in which athletes who test positive may not be punished.
Those found to have low levels of meldonium in tests before 30 September can now be cleared.
Studies have shown the drug takes longer to be cleared from the system than previously thought.
Athletes who test positive in the new period will be cleared via a "no-fault finding" if less than one microgram per millilitre is detected.
Meldonium was added to Wada's list of banned substances in January 2016.
A study in March said up to 490 athletes may have taken meldonium at the 2015 European Games in Baku.
The new guidelines do not apply to Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova, who is appealing against a two-year suspension after admitting taking the drug after 1 January.
Meldonium increases blood flow and is typically used to treat heart conditions.

Summary: Athletes who test positive for banned substance meldonium after next month's Olympic Games in Rio may not face sanctions, under new guidelines.
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Article: Language was spelled "langauge" in the original release, put out on Thursday.
But it was corrected by officials after Twitter users ridiculed the error.
BBC Radio 4 presenter Anita Anand said it was "beyond parody" that the Home Office could not spell language in a note to migrants who have been told to learn English.
A Home Office spokesman said: "This was a regrettable typographical error that has now been corrected."
On Monday, Prime Minister David Cameron announced a Â£20m fund to teach Muslim women in the UK to speak English, claiming it would help tackle segregation and help them resist the lure of extremism.
But some Muslims have accused him of wrongly conflating the two issues.
Mr Cameron said all those who entered the UK on the five-year spousal settlement programme - not just Muslim women - would have to sit language tests after two and a half years.
Thursday's press release said the new requirement would not be implemented before October 2016, with the precise timing and further details to be confirmed by the Home Office "in the next few weeks".

Summary:


A man has been charged with using drones to smuggle cannabis, steroids and mobile phones into prison.

Article: Searching for "did the Holocaust happen?" returned a top result that claimed it did not, as Guardian journalist Carole Cadwalladr reported.
Now, the ranking has changed for US users.
The page - from white supremacist site Stormfront - remains top in the UK.
"This is a really challenging problem, and something we're thinking deeply about in terms of how we can do a better job," said a Google spokesman.
"Search is a reflection of the content that exists on the web.
"The fact that hate sites may appear in search results in no way means that Google endorses these views."
Regarding the recent change in rankings on the Holocaust query, editor of news site Search Engine Land Danny Sullivan, believes this was due to external parties' attempts to influence the ordering of results.
Mr Sullivan met Google executives and engineers last week to discuss the issue of questionable result ranking, which also affects other queries about, for example, ethnic minorities.
"I'm as horrified and disappointed by the results as many people are," he told the BBC.
However, he said Google - which processes five billion searches a day - was keen to come up with a solution that was broadly applicable across all searches, rather than just those that have been noticed by users.
"It's very easy to take a search here and there and demand Google change something," explained Mr Sullivan, "and then the next day you find a different search and say, 'why didn't you fix that?' "
Ms Cadwalladr has accused Google of disseminating "hate speech".
Other result rankings that she questioned include those for "are women evil?" and "are muslims bad?".
The BBC has also found that some additional queries, including ones without negative terms, also produce controversial answers.
For example, searching for "are black people smart?" in the UK returns a "featured snippet" at the top of the results that claims "black people are significantly less intelligent than all other races".
Mr Sullivan added that it was far more common for users to search for simple terms,...

Summary: Google has said it is "thinking deeply" about ways to improve search, after criticism over how some results - including ones discussing the Holocaust - were ranked.
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Article: The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) carried out an "extraordinary review" of the system in July.
It followed moves by Bangor University to withdraw midwifery students from Glan Clwyd Hospital, and concerns flagged by Health Inspectorate Wales.
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board said it had developed an action plan.
Prof Angela Hopkins, executive director of nursing and midwifery at the health board, said: "Most of the recommendations made in the NMC reports have already been addressed."
The review by the NMC examined how closely rules on supervising midwives across north Wales were being followed.
But the investigators found on two measures the midwife services were falling short:
Jackie Smith, NMC chief executive and registrar, said: "The reports from our extraordinary review show that there are serious concerns around the nursing and midwifery education programmes.
"We need to be assured that our standards for education and for the supervision of midwives are being met, and that the public's safety is protected.
"It is essential that all the relevant organisations collaborate to address the issues raised by the review. We will work closely with Bangor University, Health Inspectorate Wales and other stakeholders to improve the situation and strengthen public protection."
Prof Hopkins said: "We would like to reassure our patients regarding the quality and standard of education for student nurses and midwives in north Wales, and to advise that issues raised regarding the supervision of midwives have been fully addressed."
The investigation was prompted by escalating concerns at the health board about how maternity services might be reorganised.
Officials wanted to remove consultant-led care from Glan Clwyd Hospital at Bodelwyddan in Denbighshire - but that faced being overturned by a judicial review.
It led Health Inspectorate Wales to flag the issue to the NMC in June, just weeks before the entire health board was put into special measures by the Welsh government.
At the same time, according to the...

Summary: "Serious concerns" have been raised over the education and supervision of midwives in north Wales following a review.
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Article: Ryanair  and IAG shares were up almost 3%, while Aer Lingus was up 1.8%.
The formal acceptance paves the way for the €1.3bn (£940m) bid by BA and Iberia owner IAG for Aer Lingus to go ahead.
It is subject to backing by competition authorities. European Union approval is now the last remaining hurdle to the tie-up.
IAG's plans include building a new transatlantic hub at Dublin airport.
Ryanair's chief executive Michael O'Leary said in a statement: "We believe the IAG offer for Aer Lingus is a reasonable one in the current market and we plan to accept it, in the best interests of Ryanair shareholders.
"The price means that Ryanair will make a small profit on its investment in Aer Lingus over the past nine years."
Ryanair has attempted to buy Aer Lingus three times. Its takeover quest began in 2006, just after Aer Lingus was floated on the stock market by the Irish government.
Ryanair's initial bid illustrates the wild swings in Aer Lingus's value since then. Its first offer was €2.80 a share. The second, two years later, was half that and its most recent offer in 2012 was €1.30 a share.
The Irish government, which sold its 25% stake in Aer Lingus to IAG in May, recommended that Ryanair accept IAG's offer.
The deal values Aer Lingus shares at around €2.50 (£1.87) per share.
Aer Lingus is Heathrow Airport's fourth busiest operator, behind BA, Lufthansa and Virgin Atlantic.
If the deal is approved, IAG would gain more take-off and landing slots at Heathrow Airport, allowing it to operate more flights.
Ryanair said it had planned to use Aer Lingus to gain slots at mainstream airports.
Travellers have been surprised in the past by the distance of some of Ryanair's airports from the city they thought they were flying to.
Michael O'Leary said Ryanair did not need Aer Lingus now: "Our original strategy for Aer Lingus (to use it as a mid-priced brand to offer competition to flag carriers at primary airports) has been overtaken by the successful rollout - since Sept 2013 - of Ryanair's "Always Getting Better" strategy,...

Summary: Shares in airlines have jumped after Ryanair voted to accept International Airlines Group's (IAG) offer for its 29.8% stake in Aer Lingus.
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Article: It suggests that lion populations in unprotected areas could be cut in half over the next two decades.
The paper's authors say lions should now be upgraded to an endangered species in Central and West Africa.
The loss of habitat, hunting, and a demand for traditional medicine have all contributed to population decline.
Lions are currently considered "vulnerable" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, but endangered status means they would be considered at "a very high risk of extinction in the wild".
The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, says "many lion populations are either now gone or expected to disappear within the next few decades".
African lion populations are declining everywhere on the continent, with the exception of Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, which are having success with what the paper calls "small, fenced, intensively managed, and funded reserves".
There is a 67% chance that lions in West and Central Africa will decline by half within 20 years, while East African populations have a 37% chance of being halved in the same time.
Those predictions are based on trends in 47 lion populations, containing more than 8,200 animals.
The decline could lead to a reversal of previous trends, making the protected, managed populations of southern Africa more viable than the East African savannah.
A reduction in lion numbers could also change the local ecosystems, "with the lion no longer playing a pivotal role as apex predator", the study says.
The authors also warned that the African lion could come to rely on the small, managed reserves, "and may no longer be a flagship species of the once vast natural ecosystems across the rest of the continent."

Summary: The number of lions in Africa is rapidly dropping, except in highly-managed areas in the south of the continent, a study has found.
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Article: It has been redeveloped to be more spacious and now boasts a new artists' garden and better visitor facilities.
A previously unseen painting by LS Lowry and a ceramic figure by Grayson Perry are among the new exhibits.
Tourists are being charged a £7.50 entrance fee after the body that runs the gallery had its council subsidy cut by 60%. Entrance fees were scrapped in 2002.
A decision on whether people living in York should also be required to pay has been delayed until later in the year.
The gallery, which reopened at 10:00 BST, includes a new Centre of Ceramic Art featuring an installation by Claire Twomey of 10,000 ceramic bowls piled in towering columns and Grayson Perry's figure Melanie.
Three oil paintings by Lowry - Clifford's Tower,  Wilson's Terrace and the previously unseen A View of York (From Tang Hall Bridge) - that were commissioned by the gallery in 1952 are being shown together for the first time.
Other notable works by 20th Century artists, including David Hockney, are also on display, along with the gallery's collection of Italian old masters.
York Art Gallery is one of four attractions run by York Museums Trust, which has seen its subsidy from City of York Council fall from £1.5m in 2012 to £600,000 this year.

Summary: York Art Gallery has reopened to the public after an £8m revamp.
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Article: Michael Tovey, 27, formerly of Lakes Road, Erdington, Birmingham is accused of using two drones to fly contraband into HMP Birmingham last year.
In the first charges of their type brought by West Midlands Police, Mr Tovey faces 13 counts of conveying banned items into a prison.
He is set to appear at Birmingham Magistrates' Court on 7 June.
Read more news for Birmingham and the Black Country
Mr Tovey is accused of using two drones to drop contraband into the prison's exercise yard on 29 October and 6 November.
He attempted to drop a consignment near N and P wings containing four phones, SIM cards, Black Mamba, steroids and cannabis, it is alleged.
It is claimed he was also responsible for a drone that crashed into the same yard eight days later, carrying two phones and further quantities of the same banned drugs.

Summary:


The third Astute Class submarine to be built at a Cumbrian shipyard has been named.

Article: "France paid al-Qaeda 25m euros for four hostages," read a headline in the Times newspaper this week.
The French government has categorically denied that any public money was used to secure the release of the four French nationals kidnapped in 2010 at a uranium plant in Niger and held by jihadist bandits linked to the regional franchise of al-Qaeda in the Land of the Islamic Maghreb (Aqim).
"We don't play that game," said the French foreign minister when asked if his government had paid for their release.
Niger's President Mohamadou Issoufou was more evasive when asked the same question directly.
He replied simply: "I think that what we must be rejoicing about is that the hostages who went through difficult ordeals, who were isolated for many months from their families, are free."
But since there was no military assault involved in the hostages' release, it is almost inconceivable that their captors would simply give up their prisoners for no reward.
Privately, some British officials are furious, as the concept of giving in to terrorist ransom demands runs directly contrary to the commitment undertaken by all the G8 leaders at the Loch Earn summit in Northern Ireland in June.
Whether it was the French government, the Niger government, the hostages' employer Areva, or any other party that may or may not have paid a ransom, the indications are that a group of ruthless and dangerous men with guns is now roaming around the Sahara with a lot more money at their disposal.
So how much money is involved in Saharan kidnaps and where does it go?
The Texas-based US strategic analysis company Stratfor estimates that with the latest payments, Aqim has earned itself about $116m (Â£72m) in ransoms since 2003.
"We have seen ransom payments by the governments of Spain, Italy, France, Canada and Austria to see their citizens released from captivity," said Stratfor Vice President of Africa Analysis Mark Schroeder.
This year a leaked Nigerian government report revealed that a ransom of $3.15m (Â£1.9m) was paid to the Nigerian...

Summary: The rumours are hard to dismiss.
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Article: Astronomers predict it could be possible to see up to 200 meteors per hour in clear skies.
The best time to view it will be from 23:00 until 04:00 in north Aberdeenshire and Galloway.
Dark, countryside skies away from street lights offer the best possibility of a sighting.
BBC Scotland weather presenter Kawser Quamer said the skies will be mainly cloudy but there is a chance of clearer spells.
She said: "Tonight and early tomorrow is the peak of this year's season, which runs until 24 August.
"The best time to view it is from 23:00 until 04:00 if you look towards the north-eastern sky.
"But it's all dependent on the weather forecast and I'm afraid for tonight it will be rather cloudy.
"In the north east and south of the country there will be drier moments and the possibility of some clearer spells.
"So if you are heading out with a camera, the favoured spots for some clearer spells will likely be across Aberdeenshire, maybe northern Moray and across Angus.
"For Galloway, quite often a favoured spot for stargazers is heading towards Loch Trool."
Perseids are shooting stars or space debris from the Swift-Tuttle comet.
Every year, the Earth passes through this field of debris and it is normally possible to see 100 meteors or shooting stars per hour during the peak.
This year, that could double as experts predict a rare meteor "outburst", according to Armagh Observatory.

Summary: Stargazers in the north east and south of Scotland are expected to get the best view of the Perseid meteor shower when it reaches its peak overnight.
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Article: Councillor Bob Badham resigned on Wednesday, soon after Helen Smith, Director of Children's Services, following the release of the report.
Ofsted inspectors found the department to be "inadequate" and failing vulnerable children in the area.
Councillor Simon Hackett has taken over from Mr Badham and said he was determined to improve the service.
"I see it as a challenge and something we can turn around. Like everyone else, a few days ago I read the report and frankly it was awful," he said.
During an inspection in February Ofsted found families of vulnerable children were insufficiently supported by the council and in some cases were at risk of "significant harm".
The local authority said it was aware of failings in the department and was taking action to improve performance.
It said 70 extra social workers had been taken on last year and it was improving relations between staff and the police.
The council said it had also started to work with a private sector partner, iMPOWER to improve services.
Mr Hackett said he was planning to spend time in each part of the department, looking at it from the perspective of a child or young person.
It is not the first time the council has been criticised by Ofsted over the service.
Sandwell Children's Services was judged to be "inadequate" in 2009, but following an inspection in January 2012 it was found to have improved and was rated "adequate".

Summary: A new head of children's services has been appointed at Sandwell Council following a damning report from Ofsted.
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Article: While a free version acts as a brief demo, access to all three modes of the game costs $9.99 in the App Store in the US, and £7.99 in the UK.
But as players start to download the app, social media reaction is not just about game play - but whether the price of the full game is worth it.
Nintendo's big hit of 2016 was Pokemon Go - an app that was free to play up front (though the creators made their  money through in-game purchases).
So perhaps it's no surprise some people believe the price is too high.
"$10 is absurdly expensive for a cheap Mario game. Rather get new super Mario bros Ds for the same price," said one Twitter user.
Another said: "At 6 levels it feels extremely short at that price. I was expecting more content."
But others have been quick to jump to Nintendo's defence, saying the price is fair.
Twitter user titowrestling said: "Wow...  People are actually complaining... Have we become so addicted to free-to-play?  Not expensive."
And games designer Teddy Dief, who said he was enjoying the game so far, told the BBC that all entertainment creators deserved to be paid for their work - "the product of their passion, effort, and time".
"Whether a game is premium, or free to play, the developers are hoping to be paid for their creation. How they choose to monetise is up to them, whether through ads, micro transactions, or simply asking to be paid upfront."
"A game like this isn't cheap to make. In my opinion, there's $10 worth of experience in Super Mario Run. But of course, the exact worth of a piece of entertainment is hard to pinpoint," Mr Dief said.
"If a player is worried it's not worth their $10, that's their choice to make, and Nintendo has given them free trial content to enable them to make that choice in an educated way," he said.
IHS Technology consultant Piers Harding-Rolls said that while "quite big", the payment was a "one-off". "I don't think people will think Nintendo is trying to rinse their audience," he said.
And TheXbone wrote: "Millions scream at their $700 phone that the $10...

Summary: After the sort of anticipation you'd expect for the return of the world's most famous plumber, Nintendo has rolled out Super Mario Run to iPhones and iPads.
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Article: The Civil Aviation Authority's (CAA) centre was opened after the 1972 Staines plane crash was partly blamed on a pilot's heart condition.
Dr Michael Joy, the first consultant at the centre, said the closure was not in the interest of aviation safety.
The CAA said other independently run centres were available to pilots, including in the Gatwick area.
Dr Joy said: "I think this is corporate vandalism.
"The pool of expertise built up over a generation is going to be dispersed and that cannot be in the interest of aviation safety, and it cannot be in the interest of the pilots."
A CAA spokesman said: "It was felt that the CAA should not be both a service provider and regulator of medical services.
"All requirements relating to pilot and air traffic controllers' medical examinations and fitness standards are set at a European-wide level and these will remain unchanged regardless of who provides medical services."
In 1972 a British European Airways Flight BE548 crashed in a field shortly after takeoff, killing all 118 people on board - at the time one of the UK's worst air disasters.
One of the underlying causes of the crash was the captain's health, a public inquiry found.
Capt Stanley Key had a heart condition which had lead to a "lack of concentration and impaired judgement", the official report said.
The crash led to the setting up of what is now known as the CAA's Aeromedical Centre.
Mervyn Granshaw, a former pilot from Surrey said; "The whole process of aero-medicine has evolved over the 30 years that it's been a centre of excellence."
The centre is due to close on 29 February.

Summary: The closure of a medical centre for commercial pilots at Gatwick Airport has been branded "corporate vandalism".
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Article: Thousands of people were at the ceremony at BAE Systems' Devonshire Dock Hall in Barrow to mark the end of the build process for Artful.
Another four of the nuclear-powered submarines are being built at the yard.
The ceremony was carried out by Amanda Lady Zambellas, wife of the Royal Navy's First Sea Lord, Admiral Sir George Zambellas.
BAE Systems Maritime - Submarines managing director John Hudson said: "The design and build of a nuclear-powered submarine is as challenging as it is complex, so today represents a significant milestone in Artful's programme.
"It requires real skill and innovation to deliver submarines as sophisticated as Artful and this would not have been possible without the valued contribution of our employees and the collaborative efforts of the whole submarine enterprise."
Artful will remain at the Barrow yard while commissioning activities are carried out and is due to be launched early next year for further tests.
HMS Astute and HMS Ambush have already been launched. The other vessels are at various stages in the design and build process and will be called Audacious, Anson, Agamemnon and Ajax.
The Barrow yard has been working on the Astute programme since 2001.
The Ministry of Defence said the Astute class of submarines have greater firepower, state-of-the-art communications equipment and advanced stealth technology, making them quiet and harder to detect.

Summary: