It's crunch time in the Democratic race, and if the past week is any indication, nerves are starting to fray.

Article: BBFC director David Austin told BBC Radio 5 live its violence was "arguably too strong" for it to be rated U now.
He added the film also contains language that would be "unacceptable" in a film rated U under 2016 criteria.
His comments followed complaints over the film's content after it was aired on Channel 5 on Sunday.
"Well done to whoever at Channel 5 decided that Watership Down was a nice Easter Sunday afternoon film to show," wrote one tweeter.
Based on the novel by Richard Adams, the animated film tells of a group of rabbits who leave their burrow in search of a new home.
Their quest brings them into contact with a battle-scarred rabbit called "General" Woundwort, as well as a gull called Kehaar who tells another character to go away using an expletive.
The BBFC continues to receive "one or two complaints" each year over its content, which includes scenes of rabbits fighting, being throttled and gasping for air.
The film - which features the voices of Sir John Hurt and the late Richard Briers - received a U rating on its initial release for its "very mild language, mild violence and threat".
According to Austin, though, "standards were different then". "The film has been a U for 38 years, but if it came in tomorrow it would not be," he continued.
For it to receive a different rating, however, it would have to be re-submitted to the BBFC - something Austin said would only happen if the title was acquired by a new distributor who wished to re-release it.
According to BBFC guidelines, a U-rated film "should be suitable for audiences aged four years and over" while a PG may feature scenes "unsuitable for young children".
A spokesman for Channel 5 said the broadcaster would not be commenting on the issue.

Summary: The U-rated 1978 film Watership Down would be classified PG were it released today, the new head of the British Board of Film Classification has said.
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Article: Media playback is not supported on this device
The race begins with a 173km stage to Scarborough on Friday, 28 April.
Stage two see riders start in Tadcaster and go 122.5km to Harrogate, before ending with a 194.5km stage from Bradford to Fox Valley, Sheffield.
"I can't wait to see the world's best riders tackling these routes," said Sir Gary Verity, chief executive of race organisers Welcome to Yorkshire.
"We've worked hard to design a course which showcases Yorkshire's stunning scenery, as well as delivering a thrilling sporting event.
"Last year, the race attracted two million spectators and generated £60m for the local economy, and we'll go from strength to strength again next year."
The women's Tour de Yorkshire will be held on the same stage as the second stage of the men's event, with the women starting in the morning and the men in the afternoon.
This is the third edition of the event, won in 2016 by Frenchman Thomas Voeckler, which was started to extend the legacy of the county hosting the 2014 Grand Depart for the Tour de France.
The race will start outside Bridlington Spa and head into Pocklington for the first intermediate sprint.
There are classified climbs up the Côtes de Garrowby Hill and Goathland before the race hits the coastline again at Whitby for the second sprint of the day.
The route continues on to Robin Hood's Bay for the third and final climb and then into Scarborough for the finish along North Bay.
Starting on Tadcaster bridge, this stage takes the riders through some of Yorkshire's best known market towns.
They will venture into Knaresborough, where the first intermediate sprint points are up for grabs, and the day's sole categorised climb comes on the fearsome Côte de Lofthouse before the descent into Masham.
It is then on to Ripon for the second intermediate sprint and the race will skirt Fountains Abbey before a fast approach to Harrogate. The action finishes along Parliament Street, just as it did on the opening stage of the 2014 Tour de France.
In the toughest stage in the...

Summary: The 2017 Tour de Yorkshire will start in Bridlington and finish two days later in Sheffield on Sunday, 30 April.
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Article: That's right, certain Australian beetles will try to copulate with discarded beer bottles, but they have to be of the right type - brown ones with bobbly bits on them.
This fascinating observation made almost 30 years ago has finally landed entomologists Darryl Gwynne and David Rentz with an Ig Nobel Prize.
The Igs are the "alternative" version to the rather more sober Nobel awards announced in Sweden next week.
Other recipients this year of the prizes run by the science humour magazine Annals of Improbable Research included the mayor of Vilnius in Lithuania, Arturas Zuokas.
He was honoured with the Ig Peace Prize for demonstrating that the problem of illegally parked luxury cars could be solved by squashing them with an armoured tank.
The Chemistry Prize went to an inventive Japanese team that worked out how to use wasabi (pungent horseradish) in a fire alarm system. The group even has a patent pending on its idea.
Understanding why discus throwers get dizzy was the topic of the study that won the Physics Prize.
The American awards were handed out on Thursday at Harvard University's Sanders Theatre, in what has become down the years a slightly chaotic but fun event where people throw paper planes and a little girl berates the winners.
Being given an Ig is nowadays regarded as something to be proud of, which may explain why seven of the 10 winners this year travelled to the ceremony at their own expense.  Receiving their Ig from a real Nobel Laureate - six of them were in attendance - probably added to the sense of achievement.
"I'm a great believer in communicating science to non-scientists and I think humour is a good way of doing that; and for that reason I think the Ig Nobels are very positive," Professor Darryl Gwynne told BBC News.
His and David Rentz' study of buprestid beetles began by accident one morning on a field expedition in Western Australia when they found the insects trying to mate with brown "stubbies" left by the side of the road.
"It was just co-incidental that my area of research was...

Summary: I'm sorry, run that one past me again.
###
Article: The DB4GT Coupe sold for £3,249,500 in the Bonham's auction at Aston Martin Works in Newport Pagnell.
The car, which retailed for about £4,500 when it was new, had been restored at the works by its last owner.
Bonham's said bidding was rising at increments of £100,000 at a time.
Aston Martin Works said the previous record was for an Aston Martin DB5, which was used in one of the James Bond films, which sold for £2.5m in 2010.
The record is for road cars and does not take racing cars into account as they can go for over £10m.
This record-breaking car, called The Jet, was the last DB4GT off the Newport Pagnell production line and was the only one with coachwork by Italian designers Bertone.
The sale also featured three "barn finds" which had been hidden in storage for over 30 years - a 1966 DB6 Vantage Sports Saloon Project, a 1964 DB5 Sports Saloon and a 1963 DB4 Series V Vantage Sports Saloon.
They fetched £609,300 between them, while overall the auction of 197 lots sold for £10m.
James Knight, Bonham's motoring director, said: "I really did not think we could eclipse the record-breaking total achieved at this sale last year, but I am thrilled that  in Aston Martin's centenary year we have achieved just that.
"To sell every lot in an auction is almost unprecedented."

Summary: An Aston Martin road car has fetched a record price at auction in Buckinghamshire - where it was made in 1960.
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Article: The fratricide within the Republican Party is getting much of the national attention, but the two remaining Democratic candidates - and their supporters - are starting to swing some sharp elbows.
The Wisconsin primary on Tuesday marks the beginning of the Democratic presidential campaign's endgame. More than half the pledged delegates have already been apportioned, and only a few truly landscape-altering battlegrounds - New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and California - remain on the calendar.
Mr Sanders can claim momentum, with wins in five of the last six contests, but he needs a sizeable victory in Wisconsin if he wants to properly set the stage for the critical coming contests and cut into Mrs Clinton's 263 delegate lead.
It's enough to set both candidates on edge.
On Thursday, when confronted by a Greenpeace activist in New York about whether she could address climate change while taking donations from the fossil fuel industry, Mrs Clinton showed a rare flash of anger.
"I am so sick of the Sanders campaign lying about me," she said. Her campaign would later assert that the former secretary of state, like Mr Sanders, takes donations from individuals employed in the energy sector but is prohibited from accepting money from corporations.
It was a moment of emotion for a usually carefully controlled candidate - and the Sanders camp quickly responded.
"If the Clinton campaign wants to argue that industry lobbyists giving thousands of dollars to her campaign won't affect her decisions if she's elected, that's fine," Sanders adviser Jeff Weaver said. "But to call us liars for pointing out basic facts about the secretary's fundraising is deeply cynical and very disappointing."
It was just one of numerous recent shots between the two campaigns. When Mrs Clinton unveiled manufacturing proposals on Friday, a Sanders spokesperson said the former secretary of state has embraced "policies that have decimated the manufacturing industry ... and eliminated millions of jobs across the country".
Trump's disastrous women...

Summary:


Prince William has answered criticism of his commitment to royal duties, saying he is willing to take on more responsibility when the time comes.

Article: The Federal Reserve increased rates on Wednesday by 0.25% to a range of 0.5% to 0.75%, citing a stronger US economy.
When the Fed changes policy on rates, it ripples across the globe. So, how does it affect people in the UK?
The short answer is not a lot.
There might have been a time when a rate rise in the US could have added to pressure here to raise rates.
But the Bank of England is in a very different place now.
It cut interest rates in the wake of the vote to leave the European Union - and it is expecting growth to slow next year.
Policy makers are unlikely to be swayed by anything the Federal Reserve does at this meeting.
UK interest rates are not expected to rise in 2017, and indeed are more likely to be cut further from the current historic low of 0.25%, according to Anna Stupnytska, global economist at Fidelity Investment Management.
But in the US, the Fed now thinks that there could be three rises next year, up from the two that were predicted in September. That's because of the expansionary policies expected to be introduced by President-elect Donald Trump.
So, in the UK you might not be immediately affected, but for those of you looking at longer term mortgages - such as a 10-year fixed rate - these are influenced not just by the UK's base rate, but also by the global bond market, which is already seeing yields rise.
And if US rates continue to increase, that may continue to push bond yields higher, in turn pushing up some mortgage rates.
It might.
Traditionally a rate rise means that an investor can get a better return on their investment and that usually benefits the currency, so the dollar might rise in response.
However, this rate rise has been so well signalled that investors have effectively "priced it in", in other words they are already acting on the assumption that it will happen.
The pound has already fallen significantly against the dollar since the referendum (about 14%) and it's likely that EU exit negotiations will have a major influence.
But Ms Stupnytska points out that if Mr Trump...

Summary: America's central bank has raised its benchmark interest rate for only the second time in 10 years.
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Article: The seven-year-old was found with a broken foreleg while out grazing at Irish trainer Willie Mullins' yard.
"He goes out there every day and it's just a freak accident - it's tough to take," said Mullins.
Vautour won 10 of his 16 starts overall and finished second in his last race at the Boylesports Champion Chase at Punchestown in April.

Summary: Three-time Cheltenham Festival winner Vautour has been put down after breaking his leg in a freak accident.
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Article: A massive ship is being used in the construction of the Beatrice Offshore Windfarm Project in the Outer Moray Firth.
Seaway Heavy Lifting's Stanislav Yudin has a 2,500-tonne, 110m (360ft) revolving crane.
It is also equipped with hydraulic hammers which are being used for installing piles needed for the jacket substructures of the offshore wind turbines.
The ship, which had been berthed at Port of Cromarty in Invergordon, has accommodation for 151 personnel and a helicopter heli-deck.
The Beatrice Offshore Windfarm Limited is being constructed in the Moray Firth at a cost of Â£2.6bn. Energy firm SSE is among the scheme's investors.
A total of 84 turbines are to be installed by Seaway Heavy Lifting.
The first cluster of foundation piles were installed on Sunday.
The Nigg Energy Park, also on the Cromarty Firth, is also being used for the construction of the wind farm.
Fife-based Burntisland Fabrications Ltd (BiFab) is manufacturing offshore jacket substructures for the scheme at its yards in Arnish on the Isle of Lewis and Burntisland and Methil in Fife.
Noel Cummins, SSE's major projects liaison manager, said the installation of the foundation piles was among a number of developments in the project.
He said: "Renovation of the iconic Thomas Telford buildings in Wick, which will become our long term operations and maintenance base, is well underway and offshore construction began this weekend, culminating in the successful installation of the first cluster of foundation piles.
"In Moray, we're also making good progress at our substation in Blackhillock and at our works along the export cable route from near Portgordon to the Blackhillock substation."

Summary: Image copyrighted.
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Article: The Mountaineering Council of Scotland (MCofS) has found some of the characters in the Cairngorms.
The organisation said the game, which is played via a phone app, offered a good way for people to enjoy the outdoors.
However, it added that gamers should be aware of the potential hazards associated with hillwalking.
Pokémon Go sees players search for digital creatures in real-life locations.
Heather Morning, MCofS mountain safety adviser, said: "From a mountain safety perspective there are clearly a few issues here.
"It is not difficult to imagine a situation where a Pokémon Go gamer finds themselves lost and unable to find their way back to safety.
"It would be equally easy to see how someone could put themselves into danger focusing on their game rather than focusing on the ground in front of them."
She added: "Another aspect of Pokémon Go is the game's ability to eat your battery life. All the biggest battery-eating culprits are in action, and your screen is the biggest battery hog.
"On top of that, you will be using your camera, so that you can see the Pokémon in the real world. And to top it all off, the ever hungry GPS is a must to find the Pokémon in the first place.  A classic combo for a dead phone very quickly.
"If your phone is your only tool for navigating your way out of wherever you have found yourself, then you are in for trouble."
Ms Morning has come across some of the digital creatures while on a trek in the Cairngorms.
She said: "It's a fun game, and it does encourage folk to get out and about and enjoy the great outdoors with all the health benefits that brings.
"However, gamers need to be aware if they are playing in an area that they are not familiar with - particularly in the mountains - that they should very much stay 'switched on' to where they are and how to get themselves home safely."

Summary: Pokémon Go fans are being asked to take precautions if searching for the game's digital creatures in Scotland's hills.
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Article: He was speaking in a BBC interview in which he paid tribute to the Queen on the eve of her 90th birthday.
She had been a "guiding example" of what a good monarch should be, he said.
Meanwhile, a picture of the Queen, the Prince of Wales, Prince William and Prince George, for stamps to mark the monarch's birthday, has been released.
The Queen, accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, met staff and viewed an exhibition at Windsor's Royal Mail delivery office in the first of a series of events to mark her birthday on Thursday.
Text and video coverage of the day's events
'Super fans' turn out to glimpse Queen in Windsor
In pictures: The Queen at 90 in 90 images
BBC - iWonder - Queen Elizabeth II- Britainâ€™s longest reigning monarch
Full coverage: Queen at 90
Her visit marked the 500th anniversary of the postal service and she was welcomed with singing from the Royal Mail choir.
The royals then headed to Alexandra Gardens in the town for a ceremony to officially open a new bandstand and met pupils from the six schools involved in its decoration. The children also sang Happy Birthday.
Prime Minister David Cameron and Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn were among the political leaders who said they were looking forward to wishing the Queen a happy birthday, at Prime Minister's Questions.
Mr Cameron said Thursday was an "important landmark", adding the monarch had served the nation with "dignity".
In an interview with BBC royal correspondent Nicholas Witchell, Prince William said: "The Queen's duty and her service, her tolerance, her commitment to others - I think that's all been incredibly important to me and it's been a real guiding example of just what a good monarch could be."
The prince's own commitment to royal duty has been questioned in recent months, with headlines in some newspapers referring to him as "work-shy William".
He said he did not ignore such criticisms but did not take them completely to heart.
"I take duty very seriously. I take my responsibilities very seriously. But it's about finding your own way at...

Summary:

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A man banned from driving for life has appeared in court after he was caught driving his carer's car home from a pub.

Article: Junel Miah, 28, of Magazine Road, Ashford, was convicted of causing the death by dangerous driving of Danyl Ponsford, 26, following a trial at Canterbury Crown Court.
Miah was driving at 75mph in a 30mph zone when his Volkswagen Golf collided with Mr Ponsford's Toyota Celica in Ashford on 30 September 2013.
He will be sentenced in January.
Det Sgt Scott Lynch said: "If [Miah] had been driving at the correct speed, and obeying the law, the collision would never have taken place.
"Miah's driving that night was a significant risk to other road users and his indifference to others has cost a young man his life.
"Danyl was a well-known and popular young man in his community who had everything to live for but his life was tragically cut short."

Summary: A driver has been found guilty of killing a motorist while he was driving at more than double the speed limit.
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Article: In his first interview with a foreign journalist, Zakariya Ahmed Ismail Hersi - who once had a $3m (£1.9m; €2.7m) bounty from the US government on his head - condemned al-Shabab's attack on Garissa University College in Kenya in April, where 148 students were killed.
Speaking at a government safe-house in Mogadishu, he described it as "wrong and unlawful" and offered his condolences to the victims and their families.
Inside his heavily guarded residence he tells me the story of his rise through the ranks of the jihadists until the group's policy of extreme attacks on civilians forced him to flee for his life.
Mr Hersi's defection - a lengthy process that appears to have begun in 2013, if not before - is now the centrepiece of a new government amnesty initiative designed to convince other militant leaders to follow suit.
"The path became wrong... and I had a tipping point," he said in fluent English.
Mr Hersi - widely known as Zaki - is a youthful, slim 33-year-old with a neatly trimmed beard and moustache.
Wearing a new, Western-style checked shirt he struck me as proud, thoughtful, and extremely careful in the way he sought to present himself as a devout Somali patriot, who had been trapped inside a militant group that had lost its way.
"Now they're trying to kill me," he said of his former colleagues in al-Shabab, which explains the tight security at the safe house where a soldier manned a makeshift watchtower and two more guarded the gate.
After months of debriefing, Mr Hersi is now technically a free man, with access to a mobile phone. "I'm on social media, Twitter and Facebook," he volunteered.
I asked him if he had been in touch with people in al-Shabab, and indeed whether it was a condition of his defection that he try to persuade others to swap sides.
"It's not a condition. But if I got a [phone] connection I will try to encourage them definitely," he said, praising his treatment at the hands of Somalia's intelligence services.
"They treated me very nice. Welcomed me in a very good way and I thank the...

Summary: One of the most senior figures to defect from Somalia's al-Qaeda-linked militant group al-Shabab has urged his former colleagues to stop targeting civilians and to begin negotiations with the Somali government.
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Article: The site is set to "double in size" by 2026 with ten new buildings including two tower blocks, 1,400 properties and a multi-storey car park.
More than 7,000 people, including about 3,000 BBC and 900 ITV staff, are employed at the £650m site which first opened in 2011.
MPs in Salford called for the expansion to include more jobs for local people.
Salford Council said plans to expand MediaCityUK formed the second phase of a 20-year plan to transform the former docklands.
A spokesman said the 10-year build would create hundreds of new jobs for the area.
Rebecca Long Bailey, Labour MP for Salford and Eccles, called for firms in MediaCityUK to make "real investment in quality apprenticeships for local people".
"I would like to see companies in MediaCity agree to aim for a minimum percentage of apprentices who live locally."
Her Labour colleague Barbara Keeley, the MP for Worsley and Eccles South, also said: "The way that MediaCity was established it probably didn't generate enough new opportunities for local people to get jobs and that is something that needs to happen.
"I know the BBC has got a great apprenticeship scheme and I think the more organisations that advertise their opportunities locally that take on young people, and develop relationships with schools and academies locally the more that will help," she added.
Former Salford MP Hazel Blears complained in 2012 that only 26 of 680 new BBC jobs created in Salford had gone to local residents although the BBC said it had to recruit on skills and experience "not postcode".
In 2006, the 200-acre site was chosen by the BBC to relocate some of its departments to the North of England and the Salford Quays site was developed in a partnership with Salford City Council, developer Peel Holdings and development bodies.
The first phase of MediaCityUK, which is now complete, includes office and studio space for BBC departments, the relocation of ITV Granada and the Coronation Street set, along with 250 digital firms and the University of Salford journalism department.

Summary: A £1bn expansion of the MediaCityUK has been approved by councillors in Salford.
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Article: "There is a strong indication that families on below average earnings are not being helped by the current grammar school system," said the Sutton Trust.
Grammar schools in England should not expand until the government can ensure fair admissions, the charity argues.
Ministers said their plans would address these issues.
The government's consultation on proposals to lift the ban on opening new grammar schools ends on Monday.
Prime Minister Theresa May has insisted that the plan will not represent a return to "the system of binary education from the 1950s" with a grammar in every town.
The Sutton Trust looked at entry to selective schools in 2015, according to neighbourhood deprivation.
In selective education areas outside London, the researchers found a third (34%) of Year 7 pupils were from the richest neighbourhoods while only 4% came from the poorest and 11% were from neighbourhoods with below average incomes.
The report says that in these poorer areas, children from non-disadvantaged groups - those not-receiving free school meals - are likely to be from the "just about managing" families, which the prime minister has said she wants to prioritise.
But the researchers found these children "were substantially less likely to attend grammar schools" than children from better off areas.
"A lack of access to grammar schools isn't merely restricted to those at the very bottom of the scale," say the researchers.
"There is a steep social gradient across the wealth distribution."
In October, BBC research found that less than half of England's 163 grammar schools prioritised poor pupils in allocating places.
The Sutton Trust report also finds that ethnic background plays a significant role in grammar school entry - with disadvantaged Indian pupils four times more likely than disadvantaged white British pupils to attend a grammar school.
Disadvantaged black pupils are also significantly under-represented, according to the analysis.
"Today's research raises concerns about the government's plans to use new grammars as a...

Summary: Lack of access to grammar schools is not confined to the poorest children, those from "just managing" families are also left out, research suggests.
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Article: Hugh Thomson, 67, from Lumsden, drank half a pint of beer and four whiskies, Aberdeen Sheriff Court heard.
Police found that he was more than four times the legal drink drive limit and in breach of a life-long driving ban.
He has been given a community payback order as a direct alternative to jail and a further 10 year driving ban.
The court heard that Thomson, who says he has a terminal illness, was banned from driving for life when he appeared at Fort William Sheriff Court in 1997.
On 23 May this year he drove from Lumsden to Rhynie, a nearby village, and drank in the Gordon Arms Hotel.
People tried to take the car keys from him when he set off for home. He refused to give the keys up and police were alerted, Aberdeen Sheriff Court heard.
Sheriff Alison Stirling imposed a further 10 year ban on driving and told him to carry out 60 hours of unpaid work in the community in a year.

Summary:


Mortality rates for two of Scotland's biggest killers, stroke and heart disease, have fallen in the past decade.

Article: Anti-matter is rare today; it can be produced in "atom smashers", in nuclear reactions or by cosmic rays.
But physicists think the Big Bang should have produced equal amounts of matter and its opposite.
New results from the DZero experiment at Fermilab in Illinois provide a clue to what happened to all the anti-matter.
This is regarded by many researchers as one of the biggest mysteries in cosmology.
The data even offer hints of new physics beyond what can be explained by current theories.
For each basic particle of matter, there exists an anti-particle with the same mass but the opposite electric charge.
For example, the negatively charged electron has a positively charged anti-particle called the positron.
But when a particle and its anti-particle collide, they are "annihilated" in a flash of energy, yielding new particles and anti-particles.
Similar processes occurring at the beginning of the Universe should have left us with equal amounts of matter and anti-matter.
Yet, paradoxically, today we live in a Universe made up overwhelmingly of matter.
Researchers working on the DZero experiment observed collisions of protons and anti-protons in Fermilab's Tevatron particle accelerator.
They found that these collisions produced pairs of matter particles slightly more often than they yielded anti-matter particles.
The results show a 1% difference in the production of pairs of muon (matter) particles and pairs of anti-muons (anti-matter particles) in these high-energy collisions.
"Many of us felt goose bumps when we saw the result," said Stefan Soldner-Rembold, one of the spokespeople for DZero.
"We knew we were seeing something beyond what we have seen before and beyond what current theories can explain."
Dr Guennadi Borissov, from Lancaster University in the UK, who is co-leader of the project, said: "This beautiful result provides important input to understanding the matter dominance in the Universe.
"The DZero experiment is still collecting data and so, as long as funding for our work continues, we can expect...

Summary: A US-based physics experiment has found a clue as to why the world around us is composed of normal matter and not its shadowy opposite: anti-matter.
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Article: Cells at Colchester police station were shut last month for improvements to be made. It meant those arrested were instead taken to Chelmsford or Clacton.
But BBC News has now learned the cells at Chelmsford were closed on Tuesday because their buzzers were not working.
One solicitor told the BBC a colleague held a police interview at a client's house rather than wait for a cell.
Essex Police confirmed the Chelmsford closure but said the problems had since been fixed and its cells reopened.
The former custody suite at Braintree Police is permanently closed and the custody suite in Colchester is expected to remain closed for a number of weeks.
Caroline Woodley, a defence solicitor working in the north of the county, told the BBC: "Chelmsford was closed today [Tuesday] due to the cell buzzers not working.
"This means officers having to travel to other stations and some officers have been just deployed as a taxi service ferrying people between the two.
"Voluntary attendees at Colchester police station are finding it impossible to get into custody. We are obviously having to travel further afield which will in turn cost the taxpayer in legal aid.
"Last week my colleague and a police officer gave up trying to get into custody to do an interview and went to the client's house where a contemporaneous note interview was done instead."
She said a complaint had been lodged with Chelmsford police because they were not contacted about two of her firm's clients.
A spokesman for Essex police said the Chelmsford custody suite was shut on Tuesday "to carry out essential maintenance work" adding: "A routine inspection of Colchester police station's custody facilities has highlighted defects which could have health and safety or welfare implications for detainees.
"A programme of works has been commissioned and the custody suite will be closed for a number of weeks. Custody suites in Chelmsford and Clacton will be used to detain prisoners until Colchester's facilities have reopened."

Summary: Police officers have been used "as a taxi service" amid custody cell closures, it is claimed.
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Article: Researchers from Oxford University, working in Brazil, found ancient "nut-cracking tools" - 700-year-old stone hammers that capuchin monkeys used to open cashew nuts.
This is the earliest evidence yet of monkey tool use outside Africa.
The findings are published in the journal Current Biology.
One of the Oxford team, primatologist Dr Lydia Luncz, said the find was a "window back into the past".
"Our efforts to look back into the past have been very human-focused," she told BBC News. "So we don't know much about how tool use has evolved in these [other primate] species."
As observations first revealed about a decade ago, capuchin monkeys use stone hammers and anvils to break into the cashew nuts - placing a cashew on a large stone anvil and hitting with a hammer.
The monkeys, Dr Luncz explained, bring these stones to the cashew nut trees. And that behaviour enabled the archaeologists to work out where they should dig for ancient tools.
The liquid inside the nutshell, Dr Luncz explained, discolours the outside of the stone, allowing the researchers to identify the stone tools, and even to test them chemically to confirm what they were used for.
One question the discovery may prompt is whether early human behaviour was influenced by observations of monkeys using stones as tools.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter from the University of St Andrews, who studies primate social behaviour, said that both the tool use findings and the new field of primate archaeology were "fascinating".
"These days if we find a 'new' tool we really shouldn't assume that it was made by humans or our homo ancestors anymore," she told BBC News.
"Either you don't have to be smart to make a tool, or we've been underestimating other species by a long way."
According to this new evidence, the capuchins were using stone tools before European settlers arrived in the New World. But Dr Michael Haslam of the University of Oxford, who led the study, said there was much more to find.
"We definitely don't think we have the oldest activity," he told BBC News.
"We...

Summary: Primate archaeology is a new and unusual-sounding field, but it has revealed ancient evidence of some clever and dextrous monkey culture.
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Article: And devastating rains such as in Britain's worst winter in 2013-14 may be less likely in the decades ahead.
Work by the Met Office has calculated the odds of particular weather scenarios striking in future years.
The computer simulations-based study, in journal Nature Climate Change, finds that milder winters and drier summers will also become more likely.
The work draws on a major analysis, known as UKCP09, released back in 2009 which offered projections of the future British climate divided into 30-year periods.
This new research instead provides a more detailed focus by giving projections for winters and summers in each individual year from now until the end of the century.
The aim is to take more account of the fact that Britain's weather is notoriously variable - fluctuating for natural reasons year to year regardless of human-induced climate change.
The authors of the research looked only at data from England and Wales; the analysis did not take into account Scotland or Northern Ireland.
A parallel goal is to make clear that a trend to warmer temperatures does not mean that extremes of cold or rainfall are made impossible - instead, weather that seems to buck the prevailing remains on the cards, if less likely as the century progresses.
The 2009 study had suggested that the country faced a future of milder, wetter winters and hotter, drier summers - and the Met Office faced fierce criticism when shortly afterwards Britain was suddenly plunged into the bitterly cold winter of 2009-10.
Met Office scientists acknowledge that there was confusion in the public mind about the "apparent contradiction" of hearing a 30-year projection for milder winters only to endure the reality of ice and snow.
The authors of the new study hope that coming up with odds for different scenarios for weather in individual seasons will more useful.
The paper says that the new approach has two advantages: "First, it allows fair comparisons with recent weather events, for instance showing that recent cold winters are within projected...

Summary: Scorching summers such as the one in 2003 look set to become more common in England and Wales, a study suggests.
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Article: Deaths rates from heart disease between 2004/05 and 2013/14 dropped by 43%, according to official figures.
The number of people dying after a stroke also decreased by 41%.
The Scottish government said the figures showed its strategy for tackling heart disease was working.
Figures from ISD Scotland found the gap in death rates between the most and least deprived communities had narrowed by 33%.
For patients admitted to hospital with their first heart attack, the chances of surviving at least 30 days have risen from 85% to 92% over the same period.
The figures also show a 30% drop in the number of new cases of heart disease.
In 2013 there were 7,239 deaths in Scotland where coronary heart disease was the underlying cause.
Treating and preventing heart disease is a national clinical priority for Scotland.
Public Health Minister Maureen Watt welcomed the figures.
"It's tremendous news that fewer people are developing heart disease or suffering strokes, and that fewer people are dying," she said.
"I'm also encouraged to see that health inequalities are reducing in this area, with the gap in mortality rates between the most deprived and least deprived communities falling over time."

Summary:


.
The BBC has announced the shortlist for the first

BBC World Service has revealed the five names in contention for its inaugural Women's Footballer of the Year award.

Article: Two females laid seven eggs at the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust (WWT), Slimbridge, Gloucestershire.
There are only about 200 breeding pairs of the critically endangered species left in the wild.
Nigel Jarrett, from the trust, said when staff discovered the first egg last week they "almost couldn't believe it".
Mr Jarrett, WWT head of conservation, said staff had "done their best" to enhance breeding conditions, with special lightbulbs, timer switches and lots of sand and netting to recreate the experience of migrating from tropical Asia to Arctic Russia.
"For the last two years - ever since all the spoonies came into maturity - we've been doing everything to get these birds in the mood for love," he said.
"And for two years we've come up scratching our heads and feeling a bit deflated. Now, we've had two mums busy laying and the significance of it is only just starting to hit home."
The WWT began trying to establish a flock at Slimbridge in 2011, as a back-up to the wild population which was declining by up to 25% a year.
But with its extreme lifestyle - including making an annual 10,000-mile round-trip between Russian Arctic breeding grounds and wintering grounds in South East Asia - the bird has never been bred in captivity.
In the wild, the birds have been hit by loss of habitat in East Asia and bird trapping by villagers in Bangladesh and Burma.
Mr Jarrett said the trust was now on the road to breeding spoon-billed sandpipers in captivity, which was "the ultimate insurance policy for the species in the wild".

Summary: One of the world's rarest birds - the spoon-billed sandpiper - has laid eggs in captivity for the first time.
###
Article: Gorwel is calling for the post to be created after consulting businesses.
New Prime Minister Theresa May has made David Davis Secretary of State for Exiting the EU in her first cabinet.
Welsh ministers said they had already announced their "immediate priorities" following the referendum and would make further statements in due course.
Gorwel said businesses see Brexit as an opportunity to "transform" the Welsh economy and make it "less dependent on government support."
The think tank's chairman Meirion Morgan said: "With Theresa May now prime minister, we can be in no doubt that Brexit will dominate the UK Government's agenda for the foreseeable future.
"We're patently aware of the significant impact an EU exit will have on Wales and know the Welsh government is aware of it too.
"It is now crucial that the people of Wales have strong political leadership and we feel a minister is required to lead and focus on Brexit."
A Welsh Government spokesman said: "This is a broad set of recommendations, most of which represent a common sense approach and many of which we are already pursuing.
"The first minister has already announced our immediate priorities and will be making further statements in due course."

Summary: A dedicated Welsh Government Brexit minister should be appointed to deal with the impact of leaving the EU, a think tank has said.
###
Article: The poll suggests services like Spotify and Apple Music should "experiment with pricing" to woo the 90% of the British population who are not subscribers.
The research shows the 10% who do subscribe to music streaming services pay an average of £7.07 a month.
More than 2,100 adults were involved in the YouGov and Zuora study.
Revenues from music streaming grew by 49% to £251m in 2015, according to UK Music.
Yet the reach of music streaming services in the UK is much less than that of video streaming services, to which 27% of the population subscribe.
The pollsters said there was a huge number of potential customers for service providers that could be accessed "via innovation in pricing and packaging".
"There is a lot more room to grow," said Tien Tzuo, chief executive of Zuora  - a firm that sets up and runs subscription billing services.
The research suggests that more than half of the 5.2 million people who subscribe to music streaming services have no plans to purchase a CD again.
The online survey was conducted between 27 April and 4 May 2016.
Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram at bbcnewsents, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

Summary: Almost half of the people who do not currently subscribe to music streaming services think they are too expensive, a survey suggests.
###
Article: A court was told that John Duncan, who had only taken six driving lessons, was spotted driving at "grossly excessive" speed on Dundee's Kingsway.
Duncan ploughed through a barrier before hitting a set of concrete steps leading to a pedestrian bridge.
The bridge has not re-opened since the incident and is waiting to be repaired.
Depute fiscal Susan Ruta told Dundee Sheriff Court that Duncan had only been released from prison a few months earlier after serving another sentence.
She said: "He drove off down the A90 Kingsway and a few minutes later approached the roundabout driving at grossly excessive speed.
"He attempted to negotiate it but took it too wide.
"He moved through the safety barrier and collided with the footbridge, causing significant damage.
"One of his passengers was taken to Ninewells Hospital with a cut to her forehead and significant swelling to her eye."
Duncan, 23, of Dundee, pleaded guilty to charges of dangerous driving, and driving without a licence or insurance on 21 January.
Solicitor advocate Kris Gilmartin, defending, said: "He had been given driving lessons for Christmas and had taken six, and in the excitement of being able to drive bought the car.
"The people he was driving that night had asked him for a favour and the temptation was too much for him."
Sheriff Alastair Brown jailed Duncan for 12 months to be served consecutively to a further five months outstanding from his licence on his previous offence.
Duncan was also banned from driving for three years and eight months.
Sheriff Brown said: "You shouldn't have been anywhere near a car that night.
"You were incompetent and over-confident."

Summary: A learner driver who caused £60,000 worth of damage after crashing a BMW into a footbridge has been jailed for 17 months.
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Article: Spain's Veronica Boquete, Germany's Nadine Kessler and Scotland's Kim Little are joined by Brazilian forward Marta and Liverpool and Nigerian youngster Asisat Oshoala.
The winner will be revealed on BBC World Service on 26 May after being decided by a public vote.
Voting is open now and closes on 11 May at 10:00 BST.
A panel of experts - including administrators, journalists, coaches and former players - decided the shortlist.
Fans can vote online through the BBC website or by SMS.
To vote for BBC Women's Footballer of the Year 2015 by SMS, text the number of the player you wish to vote for to +44 7786 20 20 04.
Text 1 for Veronica Boquete, 2 for Nadine Kessler, 3 for Kim Little, 4 for Marta and 5 for Asisat Oshoala.
Mary Hockaday, Controller of BBC World Service English, said: "With anticipation building ahead of the Women's World Cup in Canada in June we're thrilled to announce the shortlist for the first BBC Women's Footballer of the Year award.
"The five shortlisted players represent the creme de la creme of female footballers from across the globe."
Spanish midfielder Boquetetold the BBC: "I'm really, really happy to be shortlisted. To have all the media talking about this award is really important to help our sport grow."
2013 European Championship winner Kessleradded: "I am very honoured to be nominated for the BBC Women's Footballer of the Year Award. It is a special award because this time the fans are given the opportunity to vote for the players."
Little, who plays for Seattle Reign in the United States, said: "Considering the competitiveness and the amount of great players there are worldwide, it's extremely nice to be recognised."
Marta, a World Cup runner-up, said: "I feel very happy to be nominated and already feel victorious just for being in the final five. It's very special because you are being judged by the public, the people who follow you."
And Oshoalasaid: "I worked hard last year but I am surprised to be nominated and I feel very appreciated. This award is a very good thing for women's...

Summary:


who cycle to work has increased by more than a third in the last decade.
The charity said that

A new female osprey which has nested at a Scottish Wildlife Trust reserve in Perthshire has laid her first egg.

Article: The department's documentaries have included Planet Earth II and Blue Planet - both narrated by Sir David.
The 91-year-old will join the unit's head Julian Hector.
They will discuss some of the most ground-breaking moments throughout its 60 years of programme making.
Sir David said: "I'm delighted to be at the Edinburgh TV Festival to recall the history of what was the first Natural History Unit to be set up in the world and to celebrate some of its milestones."
Mr Hector said: "I grew up with The Living World presented by Peter France on Radio 4 and was studying zoology at university by the time Sir David's Life On Earth was first broadcast in 1979 on BBC 1.
"The NHU has been part of my life ever since, and I look forward to sharing with the TV Festival all of the astonishing work that goes on behind the scenes to make these incredible series."
Sir David has been breaking ground in nature documentaries since the 1970s when one of his first televised expeditions, A Blank On The Map, saw him trek through the central New Guinea highlands to meet a group of tribespeople  never before seen by Europeans.
Most recently, he lent his charismatic voice to the second series of Planet Earth, which won a Bafta earlier this year for best specialist factual programme.
His appearance at the festival will mark a special moment for visiting fans, not least the event's own director Lisa Campbell.
"It's long been an ambition of mine to welcome Sir David to the festival and I have no doubt that this will be a remarkable and historic session," she said.
The Edinburgh International Television Festival runs from August 23-25.

Summary: Sir David Attenborough will join the line-up for this year's Edinburgh International TV Festival as he celebrates the 60th anniversary of the Natural History Unit.
###
Article: The A64 Growth Partnership wants improvements to the bottleneck route between York, Malton and Scarborough.
It claims the changes would deliver economic growth and address safety concerns.
Highways England said it was looking at improving the road.
Read more about this and other stories from across Yorkshire
The group, which is made up of business leaders and local authorities, said long-term investment, including further dual carriageway work, was needed.
Bill Bartlett, from McCain Foods GB Ltd, based in Scarborough, said: "Improving the infrastructure of the A64 is all about reliability, connectivity and accessibility.
"This investment is critical. Not just for our business, but for all businesses in the corridor between York and Scarborough."
The campaign is supported by the MPs for the area, including Kevin Hollinrake, Conservative MP for Thirsk and Malton.
"The A64 east of York is notorious across Yorkshire and beyond as a bottleneck and we can't tolerate this any longer," Mr Hollinrake said.
There are also concerns about the road's safety following recent double fatalities.
Highways England said it was developing a scheme for the A64 Hopgrove roundabout.
"As part of this work we have carried out a feasibility study to establish the case for a junction improvement," it said.
"We will now be exploring various options in detail at this location, which look at elements of junction improvements and dualling between York and Barton-le-Willows. These options will be developed further over the next few years."

Summary: Turning a "notorious" stretch of road in Yorkshire into a dual carriageway is critical for economic growth, a campaign group has said.
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Article: The modelling assessment says that Antarctic melting alone could contribute more than a metre to sea level by the end of this century.
By 2500, according to the study, the same source could cause levels across the world to rise by 13m.
The authors say that rapid cuts in carbon emissions could limit this risk.
In 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicted that, without any restrictions on carbon emissions, the seas around the world likely rise by up to 98cm by 2100.
However, the IPCC estimates contained a minimum contribution from Antarctica.
Other analyses since then have projected bigger increases, with a recent study suggesting that the oceans were rising faster than at any time in the past 2,800 years and by 2100 they could be up to 1.31m higher.
The exact level of Antarctica's impact on these projections has been vigorously debated. Late last year, a research paper suggested that projections of a contribution of a metre or more were not plausible.
But this new study argues that by 2100 the world could see 1.14m of sea-level rise from Antarctica alone.
The scientists say that their model is able to provide a more accurate prediction because it incorporates the impacts of some physical processes for the first time.
While other models have focussed on the impact of warmer waters melting the ice shelves from below, this new study also includes the effect of surface melt-water and rain trickling down from above and fracturing supporting ice, hastening its slide to the sea.
The model also calculates the impact of the disintegration of floating ice shelves. If this happens, it will  reveal walls of ice so tall that they cannot support their own weight.
The scientists involved expect that these extra factors will kick in over the coming decades, as warming from the atmosphere (not just from warmer waters below) becomes the dominant driver of ice loss.
"One reason that other models didn't include the atmospheric warming is because it hasn't started to happen just yet," said co-author Dr...

Summary: Global sea levels could rise by more than double the current best estimate, according to a new analysis of climate change in Antarctica.
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Article: The Bike Life report for Cardiff showed eight in 10 people support improving cycling safety around the city.
The study was based on the Copenhagen Bicycle Account, which helped make Denmark's capital one of the world's most bike-friendly cities.
It was developed in partnership with transport charity Sustrans and covers seven UK cities.
The aim of the report was to "report on progress towards making cycling an attractive and everyday means of travel".
Jane Lorimer, the national director of Sustrans Cymru, said the response had been "overwhelmingly positive".
"Here in Cardiff - and Cardiff is one of seven cities included in the study - 78% of the population think Cardiff would be a better place if more people got around by bike," she told BBC Radio Wales.
"The other cities where this research was undertaken... broadly the results were similar but levels of cycling in Cardiff and levels of investment, the amount of money spent on cycle lanes, are less here."
Councillor Chris Weaver, assistant cabinet member for active travel and wellbeing, said: "Over the last ten years Cardiff's population has grown quicker than any UK city outside of London and this rate of expansion looks set to continue.
"The contents of this report and consultation we are currently running on our Active Travel Route maps will provide us with valuable information and feedback as we develop a comprehensive active travel network that will ensure the city has a sustainable transport network that is fit for the future of a forward looking European capital."

Summary: Cycling needs to be made safer in Wales' capital city, according to a new survey.
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Article: The female has taken up residence at the Loch of the Lowes centre near Dunkeld, which was home to Lady, thought to be the world's oldest breeding raptor, for 24 years.
A stringent protection programme is put in place once eggs are laid at an osprey nest.
The Loch of the Lowes nest is being monitored around the clock.
Staff at Loch of the Lowes fear former resident Lady may be dead, after she failed to return to the nest for the first time in a quarter of a century.
The venerable osprey, who would be 30 this year, laid almost 70 eggs and reared 50 chicks at the reserve.
Her mate of recent years, known as Laddie, has mated with the new female, and the pair united to chase off two other female intruders which had tried to move in to the area.
Scottish Wildlife Trust ranger Charlotte Fleming said there was "plenty of excitement" at the centre as the new female laid her first egg.
She said: "Now there is an egg on the nest, the osprey protection programme will begin in earnest. The Trust operates a 24-hour watch on the nest site to ensure the safety of the birds and the egg.
"Hopefully in the coming days there will be more eggs, as ospreys can lay up to four in a season."
The Trust operates a live webcam at the nest, which attracted more than a million viewers from 96 different countries last year.

Summary:


Families of two men who died in prison have brought a High Court case over the "exceptionally" high rate of self-inflicted deaths there.

Article: It will test the technologies needed to detect gravitational waves - the warping of space-time produced by cataclysmic events in the cosmos.
Having such a capability would make it possible to detect the merger of monster black holes - a marker for the growth of galaxies through time.
Lisa Pathfinder went into orbit on a Vega rocket from French Guiana.
It lifted away from the Kourou spaceport at 01:04 local time (04:04 GMT).
The satellite is being sent in the direction of the Sun, to a point some 1.5 million km from Earth.
The expectation is that the European Space Agency (Esa) mission will operate for about a year.
Pathfinder contains just the single instrument, which is designed to measure and maintain a 38cm separation between two small gold-platinum blocks.
These "proof masses" will be allowed to free-fall inside the spacecraft, and a laser system will then attempt to monitor their behaviour, looking for path deviations as small as a few picometres. This is well less than the diameter of an atom.
Scaled up, it is like tracking the distance between the tops of London's Shard skyscraper and New York's One World Trade Center, and noticing any changes down to just fractions of the width of a human hair.
"We use the laser interferometer to bounce light between the proof masses and the optical structure that we built in Glasgow," says Dr Harry Ward from Glasgow University, UK.
"We then read out the phase of the laser beams as we recombine them, and motion of the proof mass translates into phase changes in the light - essentially, the light gets brighter or dimmer."
While this precision performance is relatively routine in Earth labs, it is very exacting to try to demonstrate it in space.
But if Pathfinder can prove the technology, it will pave the way for an even bigger Esa mission in the 2030s that will aim to study gravitational waves.
These are a prediction of Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, and describe the rippling that occurs in the very fabric of space and time when masses accelerate, such as...

Summary: Europe has launched the Lisa Pathfinder satellite, an exquisite space physics experiment.
###
Article: The convention will see 10,000 people get together in Docklands to celebrate all aspects of the hugely popular block-building game.
It will feature talks by the game's developers, a costume competition and sessions on modifying the basic game.
Well-known YouTube stars including Stampy, The Diamond Minecart and Captain Sparklez are also attending.
The convention comes as Microsoft announces an initiative to make more use of Minecraft in schools.
The core coding team for Minecraft is set to appear at the show to talk about future features on which they are working. Also present will be Telltale Games which is working on Minecraft: Story Mode - an episodic adventure set in the game's universe.
Prominent at the show will be the coders who modify the game who will share hints about the best way to customise the way it is played. A large panel of well-known YouTubers is also scheduled to appear to give tips about growing and serving the audience for Minecraft "lets play" videos.
The convention will also feature a "speedrun" competition to see which players can traverse a Minecraft game map the fastest. About 70 million copies of the game have been sold since it was launched in 2011.
Microsoft is giving away "golden tickets" to some attendees so they can try out the version of Minecraft being made for its Hololens augmented reality headset.
Earlier this week Microsoft also announced the creation of a Minecraft in Education initiative that will see the game become a route through which children are taught subjects including maths, history and religion.
It is also introducing tools that help schools co-ordinate what is done through the game to make collaboration easier.
This year's convention is the first since Microsoft bought Minecraft maker Mojang for $2.5bn (Â£1.6bn) in September 2014.
Despite now being the parent company for Mojang, Microsoft had no plans to change the way the game is made and run, said Matt Booty, general manager for the Minecraft team at Microsoft.
"This is definitely Mojang's show and it's...

Summary: Minecon, the global gathering for fans of the video game Minecraft, takes place in London this weekend.
###
Article: Mr Clegg said the house arrest-style system would be reformed but refused to be drawn on its replacement.
In a speech on civil liberties, he pledged to reform libel for the internet age and to protect everyone from academics to "humble bloggers".
He said the current libel system had turned the UK into a "laughing-stock".
The government's massive review of counter-terrorism laws is expected to be published within weeks.
That review has been overseen by Lord Macdonald QC, a Liberal Democrat peer and former director of public prosecutions.
But its publication has been delayed amid tense discussions in government over the future of control orders. The home secretary can impose the house arrest-style measures on people suspected of involvement in terrorism who cannot be charged because they have not yet committed a crime.
In each case, controlees face restrictions on their liberties including home curfews, electronic tagging and a ban on who they are allowed to contact and where they can go.
The Liberal Democrats made a manifesto pledge to scrap the scheme, But supporters of control orders say there is no alternative for a small number of potentially dangerous people.
In his speech to the Institute of Government think tank, Mr Clegg said: "This is not a straightforward trade-off between liberty or security, as if one must come at the expense of the other. It is about how we balance the two.
"The Government has not been consumed by some sort of almighty row between peaceniks on the one hand and securocrats on the other.
"While the full details of the review are still to be decided, there will be significant reform.
"Control orders cannot continue in their current form. They must be replaced.
"And we will introduce a system that is more proportionate, in line with our long-held commitment to due process and civil liberties; that seeks to disrupt and impede would-be terrorists from carrying out their heinous crimes; and that continues to focus on bringing terrorists to justice."
Responding to the speech, Lord Reid,...

Summary: Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg has denied there is an "almighty row between peaceniks and securocrats" over the future of control orders.
###
Article: Councils controlling Birmingham, Walsall, Sandwell, Wolverhampton, Solihull and Dudley have already backed the plan.
The aim is for the authority to be set up by April following a consultation including the government.
It would follow a similar formation to Greater Manchester Combined Authority.
Powers to be granted to the WMCA are still being negotiated but may include the ability to increase council tax and collect and spend business rates.
Coventry City Council's Labour group unanimously voted in favour of joining, but the Conservatives presented a motion calling for closer working with the county of Warwickshire.
The decision to join WMCA was passed by 32 votes to 12.

Summary: Coventry has officially agreed to join the proposed West Midlands Combined Authority (WMCA), following a city council vote.
###
Article: Ian Brown, 44, and Daniel Dunkley, 35, died following incidents in their cells at HMP Woodhill last July.
Their relatives claim Woodhill's governor has not complied fully with Prison Service Instructions (PSIs).
But the governor and the Secretary of State say the judicial review claim is "neither appropriate or necessary".
PSIs cover management of prisoners at risk of harm to self, others and from others, early days in custody and medical emergency response codes.
Heather Williams QC, for the families, said the claim addressed the "exceptionally high" rate of self-inflicted deaths at the Milton Keynes prison.
There were seven self-inflicted deaths last year, five in 2015 and 18 at the prison since May 2013.
"The rate of self-inflicted death at HMP Woodhill is far higher than at any other prison, at a time when the suicide rate in the prison estate as a whole is at a record high," said Ms Williams.
She said the case raised serious ongoing breaches of Article 2 of the Human Rights Act, which protects the right to life, and involved long-term failures to comply with the responsibility placed on the authorities to protect prisoners.
James Strachan QC said the governor was well aware of his obligations to comply with the requirements of the PSIs.
"The defendants do not dispute that the number of deaths at the prison is a legitimate matter of concern.
"However, not only have the governor and the Secretary of State taken significant action in 2016 to improve the situation, but as the taskforce approach shows, this is a continuing high priority."
Lord Justice Irwin and Mr Justice Garnham will give their decision at a later date.

Summary:


Scarlets have signed flanker Rob McCusker on a one-year deal.
The 30-year-old has signed a one-year deal with Scarlets.
The former Ireland international has signed a one-year deal with Scarlets.
The Scarlets have signed flanker Rob McCusker on

Ospreys have signed former Scarlets and Wales back-rower Rob McCusker on a short-term contract as injury cover.

Article: The mixture is defined as a blend of fresh Bramley apple pieces, sugar and water, with the option of Bramley apple puree, cornflour and lemon juice.
The apple pie filling joins several other delicacies on the traditional specialities guaranteed (TSG) list.
Bramley apples are grown commercially across Kent, East Anglia and the West Midlands.
Other products given the same special status as the pie filling include Italy's mozzarella cheese and Belgian lambic beer.
The TSG list seeks to protect the reputation of regional products, promote traditional and agricultural activity and ensure inferior products cannot be promoted unfairly.
Adrian Barlow, chief executive of English Apples and Pears, said: "We are delighted that Bramley apples have been recognised by the EU and that they, like us, realise that the heritage of such an iconic British ingredient is worth celebrating and the traditional Bramley apple pie filling worth protecting."
A farm product may be registered as TSG only if it is produced using traditional raw materials and prepared with traditional methods.
The designation is considered a boon for ingredient producers as it is thought to place a premium on their product.
The TSG is one of three European designations used to protect local foods, including Cornish pasties, Jersey royal potatoes and French Champagne.

Summary: Traditional Bramley apple pie filling has been given protected status by the European Commission.
###
Article: If a simple majority votes in favour, as is expected, Ms Rousseff will be automatically suspended from office.
Ms Rousseff made a last-ditch appeal to the Supreme Court to stop proceedings, but the move was rejected.
The president is accused of illegally manipulating finances to hide a growing public deficit ahead of her re-election in 2014, which she denies.
Wednesday's debate started an hour late. Of the first 12 senators to speak, only one argued against an impeachment trial.
Senator Telmario Mota of the Democratic Workers' Party said that "this impeachment was born of revenge, hatred and revenge".
He also argued that Brazil's Congress was less popular than President Rousseff "and yet she will have to pay the price".
"What a country is this?" he asked.
Before him, 11 senators said they would vote for the impeachment trial.
They included former football player Romario, who is now a senator for the Brazilian Socialist Party, who said the country was going through "a very serious crisis".
One of the most passionate speakers in favour of the impeachment trial was Magno Malta of the Party of the Republic.
He compared the government of Ms Rousseff to "gangrene" which needed to be removed to make Brazil healthy again.
But the atmosphere in the upper house is a far cry from the packed lower house session on 17 April.
Many seats are empty and senators can be heard chatting amongst themselves while the speeches are going on.
What has been a long, damaging and divisive political process is at a critical moment as the 81 members of the Brazilian Senate prepare to vote on whether or not to subject Dilma Rousseff to a full impeachment trial.
The beleaguered president denies the charges against her - that she illegally concealed the scale of the budget deficit. Brazil's first female leader says that what is really happening, first in the lower house of Congress and now in the Senate,  is a judicial coup by her political opponents to remove her from office.
Whatever the real reasons for impeachment, there is no doubt that...

Summary: Brazil's Senate is debating whether President Dilma Rousseff should face a full impeachment trial.
###
Article: Other policy commitments include reducing class sizes; repealing the Named Persons Act and allowing pubs to set up smoking rooms.
The party is fielding 26 candidates in the regional lists on 5 May.
The 32-page manifesto was officially launched by UKIP leader Nigel Farage in Edinburgh.
The party - whose key aim is for the UK to withdraw from the European Union - said it believed that the current higher rate of income tax was now "out of date" and should not be levied on "middle-income earners such as school teachers and senior nurses".
Its manifesto said: "As soon as the budgetary implications of devolving income tax become apparent we will propose the introduction of a new intermediate tax rate of 30% on income tax ranging between £45,300 and £55,000.
"The higher rate of 40% will begin at the threshold of £55,000."
The party added that its long-term aspiration was to create an income tax structure of a basic rate of 20%; an intermediate rate of 30%, and a top rate of 40%.
UKIP also believed that business rates in Scotland should be lowered "allowing companies to reinvest the money back into growing their business and creating jobs".
In other pledges the party said it would:
UKIP's key driver is focused on Britain quitting its membership of the Euroepan Union.
Mr Farage argued that leaving the EU would give MSPs control over key areas such as fishing and agriculture, which are currently governed by Brussels.
He added: "Ironically we are the only party fighting for Scotland to have more devolved issues, because it is only by leaving the European Union that Holyrood will take control of Scottish fishing and Scottish agriculture, being perhaps the first two clearest examples.
"So we are the independence party in Scotland.
"If you believe in an independent United Kingdom where Scotland has growing autonomous powers, if you believe in the independence of the individual from an over-wieldy state, then put people like Coburn [candidate David Coburn] in Holyrood."

Summary: UKIP's Holyrood election manifesto has pledged to introduce a new 30p income tax rate for workers earning between £45,300 and £55,000.
###
Article: The virus, rabbit viral haemorrhagic disease variation RVHD-2, had previously been detected elsewhere in the UK.
It can be potentially fatal to the animals.
Vets, including surgeries in Inverness, are encouraging people to have their pets vaccinated.
Gudrun Ravetz, president of the British Veterinary Association, said: "The risk of a rabbit contracting RVHD-2 is highest in situations where rabbits are kept in large groups with regular new additions, such as at breeders or rescue centres.
"However, we'd encourage all owners to speak to their vet about vaccinating their rabbits against this potentially devastating disease.
"Owners should also be aware that the vaccination for the original strain of RVHD doesn't appear to offer long-term protection against RVHD-2.
"But vaccines for this new strain are now available and your vet will be able to best advise you on this."

Summary: Owners of pet rabbits have been urged to protect them against a contagious virus that has spread to Scotland.
###
Article: Open-side flanker Sam Underhill has been ruled out for four months with a shoulder injury.
McCusker made 133 appearances for Scarlets before moving to London Irish last season, where he played 17 games.
The 30-year-old has won 10 caps and joins Ospreys having initially signed for Welsh Premiership club Carmarthen Quins following his release from Irish.
"With Sam's injury and one or two others working their way back to full fitness who are not quite there yet, we felt that we needed someone else in to help us through this period," said Ospreys head coach Steve Tandy.
"We are fortunate to have someone with Rob's versatility and experience available and have brought him into the environment with a view to him helping us prepare for Zebre at home in the opening round of the Pro12 next month."

Summary:


The UK Independence Party spent almost as much as the Conservatives at this year's European elections - while the Lib Dems outspent Labour, Electoral Commission figures show.

Article: Nothing less than a "battle against secrecy".
And now Herve Falciani has revealed that far from this week being the end of the story, there is still plenty of information that is likely to come out about HSBC.
One million new bits of data, to be precise.
He says work will start soon on analysing the information.
And that a major oil company could be next to feel the effects of a major data leak about how it operates.
Mr Falciani is the man behind the largest data leak in banking history - and after days of revelations about HSBC and tax evasion by its wealthy customers between 2005 and 2007, he now says he feels vindicated.
The BBC has seen an email obtained by Le Monde that Mr Falciani sent in 2008 to Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
It offered details of clients in what was described as a large private bank in Switzerland.
He told me that HMRC did not respond, despite a follow up phone call to the tax evasion hotline.
HMRC told Parliament on Wednesday that it had no record of the email. After last night's revelations, it said it was now looking into whether it had received it.
I asked him how it felt, seeing the email again, seven years after he sent it.
"Relieved in a sense. It's part of public awareness now."
There are now questions about why HMRC didn't respond and why it has taken so long for the information to become public.
HSBC has said it has reformed how its private bank operates and that there are now far fewer clients and much stricter controls.
Anyone involved in the allegations of tax evasion have left the bank, sources tell me.
But Mr Falciani says that HSBC should still be prosecuted for past failings.
"We have to punish, no matter how big they are," he said, saying that there could have been "hundreds" of other banks involved in helping wealthy people avoid and evade tax.
He called on European, Asian and American law enforcement agencies to work together to tackle bank corruption.
Whistleblowers should also be given more protection so they can reveal what they know.
Critics of Mr...

Summary: He came across as credible, assured and clear in what he is trying to achieve.
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Article: Prof Kenneth Norrie was the first witness to give evidence in public at the hearing in Edinburgh.
He told how lawmakers had sought to "insulate" youngsters from poor backgrounds from negative influences.
He said "there was a very judgmental attitude towards children, even children in poverty" at the time.
More than 60 institutions, including several top private schools and church bodies, are being investigated.
The inquiry, which is being chaired by Lady Smith, is looking in detail at historical abuse of children in residential care.
It is expected to report in late 2019 - four years after it was set up.
Prof Norrie, of the University of Strathclyde's Law School, guided the hearing through developments in legislation surrounding children, juvenile offenders and child protection from the early to mid-20th Century.
He also spoke of the creation of institutions such as "voluntary homes", remand homes - for children awaiting trial or on short sentences - and borstals, designed to retrain and rehabilitate young offenders.
Giving an overview of the first four decades of the 20th Century, he said there was a "developing idea" among authorities that the law needed to "insulate" certain children from "bad influences".
His narrative came during questioning by Colin MacAulay QC, counsel to the inquiry.
Prof Norrie said: "It's perceived that children are products of their environment, so the way to protect children is to protect them from their environment and that means removing them from their family.
"Actually in the early years of the 20th Century, this hardens.
"One of the really noticeable features of the regulation we've been looking at is what isn't there. What isn't there is any contact with parents. That's virtually absent.
"And indeed, as the years go by before the Second World War, it becomes almost official policy to discourage parental visits."
The witness said authorities also sought to restrict the influence not just of parents, but the wider family, on certain children.
"You see with the boarding-out...

Summary: Scotland's child abuse inquiry has heard the state had a "very judgmental" attitude towards children in poverty in the first half of the 20th Century.
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Article: In October, the Galaxy Note 7 was recalled and discontinued after reports that some handsets were catching fire.
Samsung told the BBC it would "enhance" the S7 and S7 Edge with new features.
One analyst suggested the company was hoping that people returning their Note 7 would be tempted to stick with a Samsung phone over newer rivals.
"Normally, Samsung launches a flagship phone twice a year," said Ian Fogg, analyst at IHS Markit. "Now effectively the S7 Edge is its flagship for the rest of the year.
"They need to do everything they can to make it competitive against newer rivals such as the iPhone 7 and Google Pixel."
The first changes have been made to the "always-on screen" feature, which has been updated to more closely match the functionality of the Note 7.
The "always-on screen" can display photographs, a clock and notifications while the phone is idle.
"We have issued a software update delivering certain feature enhancements to the Galaxy S7 and S7 Edge, which offer a more convenient and customisable mobile experience," said Samsung in a statement.
The update has not yet been rolled out in Europe, and software developers on one message board said it still had some bugs that needed ironing out.
"They want to take some of the innovation they had on the Note 7 and add it to the S7, but the challenge is that they have different hardware," said Mr Fogg.
"The Note 7 had a stylus and an iris scanner for unlocking the device. They might manage to add some software features to other Samsung phones but not everything will be possible."

Summary: Samsung is working to bring some features of its ill-fated Galaxy Note 7 phone to its S7 and S7 Edge devices.
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Article: The president asked Kenyans to unite, and said: "We will not flinch in war against terrorists."
Kenya's police chief David Kimaiyo stood down, while Interior Minister Joseph Ole Lenku was dismissed.
Earlier, al-Shabab killed 36 quarry workers in the north-eastern Mandera region near the Somali border.
The group attacked the workers around midnight on Monday while they were asleep in tents at the quarry in Kormey, 15km (nine miles) from the town of Mandera.
Non-Muslim workers were shot dead after being separated from the Muslims.
"This is a war against Kenya and Kenyans," Mr Kenyatta said on national TV on Monday. "It is a war that every one of us must fight."
"The time has come for each and every one of us to decide and choose - are you on the side of an open, free, democratic Kenya... or do you stand with repressive, intolerant extremists?"
He said Interior Minister Joseph Ole Lenku had been fired, and he nominated an opposition politician and former army general, Joseph Nkaissery, as his replacement.
The president also announced that he had accepted Mr Kimaiyo's wish to retire.
Correspondents say both Mr Kimaiyo and Mr Lenku have been under pressure to resign amid growing concern over security in Kenya following a spate of attacks.
Most Kenyans will be pleased by the departure of police chief David Kimaiyo and Interior Minister Joseph Ole Lenku - two men widely blamed for the failure to get to grips with the insurgency.
President Kenyatta has shown his determination to declare war on al-Shabab by nominating a former army general as the new interior minister.
If Kenya's parliament approves his nomination, Joseph Nkaissery will become the first opposition MP handed such a key ministerial post since Kenya adopted a new constitution in 2010.
Like his predecessor, Mr Nkaissery comes from the Maasai community, suggesting the president took into account the need to ensure the ethnic group remains represented in government.
At a time when al-Shabab is threatening Kenya's security, Mr Kenyatta cannot afford to cause...

Summary: Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta has replaced his interior minister and police chief following a massacre by Islamist group al-Shabab.
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Article: UKIP, which won May's election, spent £2,956,737, while the Tories' campaign expenditure was £2,980,815,
The Lib Dems spent £1,580,575 and lost all but one of their MEPs - Labour, which came second, spent £1,027,339.
The figures cover the campaign period from 23 January to polling day, 22 May.
UKIP's campaign spending works out at 68p for each of their 4,376,635 votes. For Labour it is 26p per vote, the Conservatives 79p and the Lib Dems, who lost 11 of their 12 MEPs, £1.45. The Green Party, which came fourth, spent £534,249 on its campaign - 43p for each of its 1,255,573 votes.
Including the SNP's £267,372, the six highest-spending parties spent a total of £9,347,087 on campaigning, the Electoral Commission said.
All but Labour spent more than they did during the 2009 European election campaign.

Summary:


A team of engineers will use 3D printing technology to reconstruct the missing motor of a rare wartime German code machine.

Article: Through the centuries thousands have died as a result of tremors equal to, or not much bigger than, the event that struck in the early hours of Wednesday.
We all recall the L'Aquila (Magnitude 6.3) event of 2009 in which 295 died. But go much further back to Avezzano (Magnitude 6.9-7.0) in 1915, which claimed 30,000 lives; and to 1703 when a trio of Magnitude 6 quakes killed at least 10,000 people.
Thankfully, we tend not to see deaths on those scales any more, and that is because of more robust building, better preparation and more co-ordinated emergency responses after the fact.
What doesn't change is the geological cause. On the grand scale, Italy's seismic problems are driven by the great collision between the African and Eurasian tectonic plates.
But look closer at the specifics of any quake and the details are much more complicated. The Tyrrhenian Basin, or Sea, which lies to the west of Italy, between the mainland and Sardinia/Corsica, is slowly opening up.
Scientists say this is contributing to extension, or "pull-apart", along the Apennines which works at a rate of 3mm per year.
Add in movement in the Adriatic where the crust is rotating in an anti-clockwise direction, and you have a fiendishly complex picture. Italy is literally being pushed and pulled every which way.
"The Apennines are also very high; the crust is very thick there and there's a process of gravitational collapse," said Dr Richard Walters from Durham University, UK.
"So, there's a spreading of the Apennine mountain chain which also then leads to extension - the pulling part - and therefore the normal faulting earthquakes."
These are not the colossal tremors we see at tectonic plate boundaries where Magnitude 8 and 9 events will occur. But as history shows, Apennine quakes will certainly cause their share of misery.
"The effects are so devastating here because the quakes happen so shallow in the crust. And that's just due to the nature of the faults," explained Dr Laura Gregory from Leeds University, UK, who works in the...

Summary: Quakes are the ever present danger for those who live along the Apennine mountain range in Italy.
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Article: The section, which showed the story of Rosslyn Chapel, was taken from Kirkcaldy Galleries at about 10:00 on Thursday.
Fife Cultural Trust has appealed for help track down the missing panel and is helping police view CCTV footage.
The Great Tapestry features 160 individual panels which were stitched by more than 1,000 volunteers.
It took more than 50,000 hours to complete the work and at 143m long it is the world's longest embroidered tapestry.
The design tells the "story of Scotland" across  intricate panels.
Each covers a different period of Scottish history, from the Battle of Bannockburn to the reconvening of the Scottish parliament in 1999.
The tapestry has been on display at Kirkcaldy Galleries since 20 June.
The stolen panel was designed by artist Andrew Crummy.
Author Alexander McCall Smith, who came up with original idea for the tapestry, said: "This is a terrible blow for a project that has brought so much joy to so many people.
"I appeal to those who have taken this panel to return it. Words cannot express how shocked I am that somebody should damage in this way what is now widely seen as a great national treasure."
Laurie Piper, from Fife Cultural Trust, said: "The people of Fife have taken the tapestry to their hearts and we are now hoping that they will help us to bring it back where it belongs - alongside its 159 companions."

Summary: A panel from the Great Tapestry of Scotland has been stolen while the work was on display in Fife.
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Article: The country's prime minister has said the crime has made him consider reintroducing the death penalty.
So how will the country's legal system deal with the three men charged in connection with Mrs McAreavy's murder?
Although it gained independence in 1968, Mauritius has a legal system heavily influenced by its colonial past. Between 1715 and 1810 the island was a French possession and as such was ruled according to French Law.
The Napoleonic Code, also known as the French Civil Code, was introduced after 1804 and when the British won possession of the island from the French in 1810 that legal system was kept in place.
Over the years of British rule elements of English common law were adopted and the current legal system is a combination of French and English systems. Mauritius is still a member of the British Commonwealth and the country's supreme court of appeal is the Privy Council in London.
The Indian Ocean country is recognised by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as a "stable democracy with regular free elections, a free press, the rule of law and a positive human-rights record".
The suspects accused of murdering Mrs McAreavy could be held on remand for up to a year as the police and prosecutors build a case against them.
Ashveen Gopee, a barrister on the island, said once police believe they have enough evidence against an arrested person, they would lodge a provisional charge of murder at a district court.
The case is heard by a magistrate, who is a trained lawyer, not a lay person.
"Bail acts are also similar to British law so the person would probably be denied bail," said Mr Ashveen.
"A judicial inquiry will then be carried out by police officers and the case will be called back by the magistrate at different stages to see how the investigation is continuing."
A formal charge of murder, or a lesser charge, is lodged against the person in a follow-up hearing.
On occasion, a magistrate will strike out a case over a lack of evidence against a suspect.
According to Mr...

Summary: The murder of Michaela McAreavey on Mauritius has thrust the peaceful and relatively prosperous island nation into the media spotlight.
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Article: The party is believed to be considering a pledge to cut fees from Â£9,000 to Â£6,000 in England if it wins power.
Lord Mandelson said the door should be left "slightly ajar" until after May 7.
BBC Political Editor Nick Robinson said Labour had yet to work out how to pay for the pledge.
In 2011 Labour leader Ed Miliband signalled his intention to cut fees in England, which were trebled under the coalition government. The party said it was being "very careful" and would announce plans "very shortly".
Lord Mandelson, who was previously the minister responsible for higher education, told the BBC there was "no evidence" that the increase in tuition fees under the coalition had "dented" university access.
"This is exactly the sort of thing that any party will want to look into in greater detail and the best place to do that is in government," he said.
"Whatever the direction of travel, I would say, 'Let's leave the door slightly ajar to take a final decision when in government.' "
Peter Mandelson is the most recent Labour cabinet minister to have had to wrestle with the controversial policy of student fees in government.
He told me today he did not want to go "head-to-head" with the current party leadership.
But he thinks that with no political clamour to bring fees down in England, it may have been better for Labour to tackle the "complex" issue of student finance after the election.
He recognises that any cut in tuition fees announced before the election would raise searching questions about how it would be funded.
The quest to find answers has been responsible for the time it has taken for Labour to announce its final policy.
One option is to reduce fees for some, not all, courses - the so-called Stem subjects of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Lord Mandelson wants reassurance that Labour would not be tempted to pay for this fee-cutting policy by reducing funds to universities.
But he - in common with some shadow cabinet members, privately - has wider concerns.
If Labour can find cash to reduce...

Summary: Labour's former Business Secretary Peter Mandelson has said the party should wait until after the general election before making a commitment to a new tuition fees policy.
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Article: The Lorenz SZ42 - known as Hitler's "unbreakable" cipher machine - is on loan to the National Museum of Computing at Bletchley Park.
Staff launched an appeal for help to recreate the vital component to allow visitors to see it in working order.
Messages from Lorenz were routinely intercepted during World War Two.
The machine was used by German forces in Norway and seized by the Norwegian secret services after the war.
It has been given to the UK on long-term loan by the Norwegian Armed Forces Museum.
It is thought about 200 were in operation during the war, but only four still exist.
The model has a number of inner components missing - including an all-important working motor.
Now, a team of engineers from the Government Communications Centre (HMGCC) has stepped in to recreate the motor using 3D printing technology.
The museum's John Whetter, who helped secure the loan of the Lorenz SZ42, said: "The HMGCC team will take three-dimensional images of an existing Lorenz motor and then reconstruct it using 3D printing techniques.
"Externally, the motor will be almost indistinguishable from an original."
The motor will allow staff to demonstrate how Bletchley Park was able to intercept German commands using the British codebreaking machine, Colossus.
The groundbreaking intelligence work carried out at Bletchley Park during World War Two was credited with bringing forward the end of the conflict.
A HMGCC spokesman said: "The wartime work at Bletchley Park, including breaking the Lorenz cipher, was instrumental in the birth of modern computing and the development of what we now call cyber security."

Summary: