Families of two men who died in prison have lost a High Court case related to the high rate of suicides there.

Article: Six Eurostar services from London were cancelled, as well as two from Paris and three from Brussels, after an unrelated power supply problem.
Rail services resumed on Sunday morning - but passengers have been warned there could be further delays on Monday.
About 12,000 passengers were affected when the tunnel was closed on Saturday.
The fire was located in the route's north tunnel, which remained closed during Sunday.
Train operator Eurostar said it planned to run a "full service" on Monday, but warned trains could be delayed by up to 30 minutes.
It said Eurotunnel - which manages and operates the Channel Tunnel - was carrying out engineering works overnight and would put more sections of the north tunnel back into service on Monday.
Meanwhile, Eurotunnel said the north tunnel was not anticipated to be back in full operation until Tuesday.
"We're optimistic, however, that we will regain use of part of this tunnel and will operate a more regular timetable than we have today," it said.
Eurostar passenger trains had started moving through the tunnel again at about 11:30 GMT, but at a reduced speed as only the south tunnel was open.
However, there were fresh problems when a power supply fault - unrelated to Saturday's lorry fire - meant the temporary closure again of the south tunnel.
Eurostar cancelled the 14:04, 15:31, 17:04, 18:04, 18:31 and the 20:04 (all times GMT) departures from London, as well as the 16:43 and 18:43 trains from Paris, and the 15:56, 17:56 and 18:56 services from Brussels.
On Sunday evening, Eurotunnel - which operates car and lorry services - tweeted there was still a one-hour queue to check-in and a three-hour wait to board shuttles for France.
The delay for Eurotunnel passengers heading from France to the UK was four-and-a-half hours, with some customers waiting up to two hours to check in at Calais, Eurotunnel added.
Eurotunnel's services started running again in the early hours of Sunday morning after "residue smoke" was cleared from a tunnel.
The company said it had expected to...

Summary: Eleven Eurostar trains have been cancelled on Sunday, amid continuing delays following Saturday's Channel Tunnel closure due to a lorry fire.
###
Article: He
          told the Observer
 Mr Murdoch's large market share led to "abuses of power".
Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg backed new ownership rules to foster more press diversity but said an independent inquiry should be completed first.
The calls follow last week's closure of the News of the World, which Mr Murdoch owned, amid claims of phone hacking.
With that closure, the Sun, the Times, the Sunday Times and 39% of digital broadcaster BSkyB remain in  the News Corporation stable.
Under pressure from the entire British political establishment, Mr Murdoch dropped plans to buy out the rest of British Sky Broadcasting.
Calling for new ownership rules, Mr Miliband said: "I think that we've got to look at the situation whereby one person can own more than 20% of the newspaper market, the Sky platform and Sky News.
"I think it's unhealthy because that amount of power in one person's hands has clearly led to abuses of power within his organisation.
"If you want to minimise the abuses of power then that kind of concentration of power is frankly quite dangerous."
He told the Observer that current media ownership rules were outdated, describing them as "analogue rules for a digital age" that do not take into account the advent of mass digital and satellite broadcasting.
Meanwhile, the deputy prime minister echoed the calls for media ownership changes expressed by Mr Miliband.
He told BBC One's Andrew Marr Show there was a need to "look again in the round at the plurality rules to make sure there is proper plurality in the British press".
"A healthy press is a diverse one, where you've got lots of different organisations competing, and that's exactly what we need," he said.
The Liberal Democrat leader said his party had been calling for the change for years but said he was "very happy to sit down" with Mr Miliband.
"The judge-led inquiry will, of course, during the course of a year, produce some ideas about what we should do - and then I think if we can act on it on a cross-party basis. as we did last week in the...

Summary: Labour leader Ed Miliband has called for new media ownership rules to limit Rupert Murdoch's "dangerous" and "unhealthy" concentration of power.
###
Article: In a blog post, Mr Zuckerberg argued that Internet.org's basic free services were not incompatible with net neutrality - the principle that all web services should be equally accessible.
"We fully support net neutrality," he wrote. "Universal connectivity and net neutrality can and must co-exist."
But critics were quick to respond.
Writing in the Hindustan Times, India's Save The Internet coalition maintained that Internet.org is "Zuckerberg's ambitious project to confuse hundreds of millions of emerging market users into thinking that Facebook and the internet are one and the same."
At the heart of the row is Internet.org's policy of "zero-rating", whereby telecoms providers agree not to pass on the costs of handling the data traffic so that consumers can receive services for free.
Critics argue this has a distorting effect on competition, making it difficult for publishers not signed up to Internet.org to reach the hundreds of millions of poorer people in developing economies who have no internet access at all.
But Facebook disagrees, pointing out that joining Internet.org is free for web publishers and app providers.
"We're open for all mobile operators and we're not stopping anyone from joining," says Mr Zuckerberg. "We want as many internet providers to join so as many people as possible can be connected."
However, India's leading mobile operator Bharti Airtel has also been applying zero-rating to its Airtel Zero service.
This means that consumers can access certain apps for free because the app provider picks up the data bill.
Smaller developers without the resources to do the same are at a commercial disadvantage.
Facebook chooses the services offered by Internet.org after consultation with "local governments and the mobile operators" in each country, says Mr Zuckerberg.
It is this hand-picking process that appears discriminatory to many within the industry.
But Mr Zuckerberg believes that "if someone can't afford to pay for connectivity, it is always better to have some access than none at all."
In...

Summary: Facebook boss Mark Zuckerberg has defended the aims of his Internet.org initiative after several Indian firms decided to pull out of the project.
###
Article: We're guessing you don't spend your days drumming your fingers on piles of cash, wondering how to maximise your investments.
But if you are that person (lucky you), instead of buying old-fashioned stuff like bars of gold or classic cars you might soon be buying a "piece" of a celebrity.
It's an idea from a company in the US.
Fantex has created a way you can purchase and sell interests tied to the income of a celebrity.
At the moment it's all focused around sports stars like NFL footballer Alshon Jeffery of the Chicago Bulls.
The way it works is the celebrity gets a lump sum of cash (in Alshon's case nearly $8m, that's around Â£5m) from the investors, who in return get a stake in that person's future earnings.
It means whatever money Alshon makes from future contracts and endorsements, his investors - you - get a slice of the money.
So could we see Sam Smith or Paloma Faith floated on the stock market one day?
Tom Pakinkis, from Music Week, told Newsbeat that artists are increasingly looking for new ways to make money from "multiple aspects of both their music and brand".
"When it comes to artists selling more of themselves, some companies already allow fans to give money to artists for an album before recording has even begun," he said.
"In return they get more insight into the whole process - whether it's through exclusive lyric sheets, early recordings, band meets, video diaries.
"It means that a lot of the costs can be covered ahead of time rather than hoping that sales at the end of the chain will bring in enough revenue."
Of course rock stars and rappers are not exactly noted for their careful and quiet lifestyles, so there's a chance your star may disappear from the spotlight, develop an addiction or lose a record deal. Amy Winehouse is the obvious example of how it could all go wrong.
The people behind Fantex warn: "As with most investments, there are certain risks. An investment is highly speculative and should only be considered by persons who can afford the loss of their entire investment."
But it's...

Summary: If you fancy buying a little bit of your favourite band or singer, that is not as mad an idea as it sounds.
###
Article: Ian Brown, 44, and Daniel Dunkley, 35, took their own lives at HMP Woodhill last July.
Their relatives claimed Woodhill's governor had not complied fully with Prison Service Instructions (PSIs).
The governor and Justice Secretary Liz Truss said the judicial review claim was "neither appropriate or necessary".
PSIs cover management of prisoners at risk of harm to themselves, to others and from others, early days in custody and medical emergency response codes.
Heather Williams QC, for the families, said the claim addressed what she said was an "exceptionally high" rate of self-inflicted deaths at the Milton Keynes prison.
Seven prisoners killed themselves last year, five in 2015, with 18 in total since May 2013.
Ms Williams said the case raised serious ongoing breaches of Article 2 of the Human Rights Act, which protects the right to life, and involved long-term failures to comply with the responsibility placed on the authorities to protect prisoners.
James Strachan QC, defending, said: "Not only have the governor and the secretary of state taken significant action in 2016 to improve the situation, but this is a continuing high priority."
Lord Justice Irwin and Mr Justice Garnham rejected the judicial review claim.
In their ruling, they said the families had failed to establish a "systemic failing".
Mr Justice Garnham said: "The defendants have made it clear that they share the great concern of the claimants about the rate of suicides in prisons generally, and HMP Woodhill in particular.
"They have in place sensible and satisfactory policies.
"The defendants have acknowledged that, on occasions, operational errors have been made by their staff in dealing with those at risk of suicide and have sought to prevent those mistakes being repeated."

Summary:


In March, online community Reddit killed its "warrant canary" - a statement on its website declaring that it had not received any secret data snooping requests from government or law enforcement agencies.

Article: The tabloid also scooped the campaign of the year for its coverage of the refugee crisis and war on terror.
Mark Macaskill from The Sunday Times was named journalist of the year and reporter of the year.
The Scottish Newspaper Society's director John McLellan said the awards demonstrated the "excellence of journalism" in Scotland.
The Fife Free Press was named weekly newspaper of the year.
The Sunday Mail landed the scoop of the year for a story about a "forgotten suspect" in the Emma Caldwell murder inquiry.
Austin Lafferty, the chairman of the judges, praised the Daily Record's win.
"A year after the referendum, the Daily Record is engaged by the power brokers, has a mass readership and looks after emerging talent in the industry," he said.
"The Daily Record has survived the decline of the Labour party without falling, and is transcending the Scottish political landscape as well as building an aggressive new media strategy, keen to embrace our digital future."
The full list of winners:

Summary: The Daily Record has been named Scotland's newspaper of the year at the Scottish Press Awards.
###
Article: That is according to statistics released by the UCAS.
In 2016-17, 4,060 students from Northern Ireland were accepted into English universities - a rise from 3,430 in 2014-14.
Overall, 5,380 Northern Ireland students were accepted by universities elsewhere in the UK this year.
That is a rise of 17% since 2013-14.
According to additional figures released by the Department for the Economy (DfE), fewer than a third of those who graduate elsewhere in the UK return to Northern Ireland to work.
In 2014/15, according to DfE figures, only 31.5% of Northern Ireland students returned home to work after graduation.
According to UCAS, there has been a 1% increase across the UK in the number of young people accepted to university this year, compared to 2015-16.
While Queen's University and Ulster University have a cap in the number of students they can admit, the student numbers cap for English universities was lifted in 2015.
As a result, there has been increased competition to attract students in England.
However, tuition fees are higher at English universities at Â£9,000 per year, compared to Â£3,925 in Northern Ireland.

Summary: There has been an increase of almost 20% in the number of Northern Ireland students beginning university in England since 2013-14.
###
Article: For more than a decade, the Berkshire-based company has used the address to direct shoppers to a Star Wars section of its Jokers' Masquerade store.
But in July, Nominet, which oversees .uk domains, backed Disney's ownership claim.
The last time anyone successfully appealed against a Nominet ruling was in 2013.
The costume store's parent company, Abscissa, was also told to give up a further six domain names used for the same purpose:
Chief executive Mark Lewis said Abscissa had used two of the addresses for more than 12 years without being challenged.
"I can't believe that over the last two decades that someone from either Lucasfilm or Disney did not do a WhoIs [search] and find that that starwars.co.uk and star-wars.co.uk were not registered to them," he told the BBC.
"There has to be a point in time, surely, where a registrant has to be able to hold some title."
He added that Lucasfilm had owned star-wars.co.uk for a time prior to 2003, but had chosen not to renew it.
"We cannot find any case where a complainant lets a domain lapse, then files a complaint," he said. "I believe this case sets a precedent."
Nominet requires a complainant to prove that a domain name registration is "abusive" for it to agree to transfer ownership.
Its initial ruling supported Disney's claim on the basis that consumers visiting the sites would have "falsely inferred a commercial connection" between the fancy dress store and the film franchise.
But Mr Lewis disputes this conclusion.
"We haven't abused them," he said.
"We haven't rented them, we haven't offered them for sale - the internet domains point to legitimate Star Wars-branded costumes that we've been selling for the past 13 years."
He added that he did not believe the two sides would be engaged in the legal battle at all had Nominet not introduced shorter "name.uk" domains last year.
Disney bought Lucasfilm - the production company behind Star Wars - in 2012 for $4.1bn (Â£2.6bn). It plans to release a new film - The Force Awakens - in December.
A spokesman for the...

Summary: A fancy-dress retailer is appealing against a ruling it must surrender its starwars.co.uk web address to Disney.
###
Article: Drugs giant Pfizer is looking to buy UK firm AstraZeneca in a multi-billion dollar deal, and General Electric (GE) is busy pursuing French engineering giant Alstom.
But could tax avoidance be one of the reasons US firms are so keen to buy foreign companies?
Pfizer's deal, for instance, would see it moving its top company to the UK for tax purposes.
US multinationals have big incentives to invest foreign funds abroad, according to tax campaigners.
The US has one of the highest rates of corporation tax in the world - a whopping 35%, compared with 21% in the UK, just 12.5% in Ireland, and zero in tax havens such as Bermuda and the Cayman Islands.
Keeping money offshore is therefore one way to avoid the high US tax rate.
The proposed Pfizer deal would help the multinational use some of its $69bn pile of offshore cash, according to the Tax Justice Network.
"What seems quite clear is that tax avoidance has played an important part in starting the original [Pfizer] bid," Tax Justice Network executive director John Christensen says.
Pfizer told the BBC that there were strategic business reasons for the proposed deal, but admitted it would give "a more efficient tax structure".
The companies would potentially operate as "as [a] new, UK-domiciled combined company" that "would not subject AstraZeneca's non-US profits to US tax, which would be in the best interests of the combined company's shareholders".
In addition, UK companies are "subject to little or no tax on profits generated in non-UK jurisdictions when they are repatriated".
"Consequently, the current contemplated structure would place us on a more even competitive playing field and would again be in the best interests of the combined company's shareholders," Pfizer said.
US corporations have billions sitting offshore that could be taxed if the money were brought back to the US,  Mr Christensen says. For example, General Electric has around $108bn held offshore, according to Bloomberg.
GE declined to comment on its tax arrangements or the Alstom...

Summary: US companies are involved in chasing a number of headline-grabbing deals at the moment, with rationales that tie-ups would be good for the businesses.
###
Article: While the site has remained quiet about its canary's demise, it has hosted a discussion on the subject by a group of lawyers.
A warrant canary is a statement saying a company has not received secret requests for user data by government or law enforcement officers.
It is named after the birds that were taken down mineshafts to alert workers to toxic gases.
If the canary died in the mine the workers knew they had to leave quickly.
Similarly, the existence of a warrant canary on a website indicates the "all clear". When it disappears, visitors might assume the website has received classified requests for data.
Many websites publish a warrant canary in an effort to be transparent with visitors. The concept gained popularity after the extent of US government surveillance was revealed by whistleblower Edward Snowden.
In the US, law enforcement can issue requests for user data that come with a gagging order, preventing the demand from being disclosed.
Demands known as national security letters are designed to allow law enforcement agencies to conduct an investigation without interference or alerting the target.
But critics say the confidential nature of national security letters, which can be issued without a court order, makes them ripe for abuse by law enforcement.
Reddit, Adobe and Tumblr are among the sites that have published warrant canaries.
The disappearance of a warrant canary usually only reveals that a website has received at least one secret surveillance request. They are often written in broad terms, as their legality has not been tested in court.
"The more practically useful and informative they are, the more legally risky they are too," said Brett Max Kaufman, a lawyer at the American Civil Liberties Union.
Before it was killed, Reddit's warrant canary said: "Reddit has never received a National Security Letter, an order under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, or any other classified request for user information."
One Reddit member asked whether websites could print an individual warrant...

Summary:

Article: {{document}}

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The charity is calling for the government to do more to help children who are missing out on education.
###Article: The charity is calling for the government to do more to help children who are missing out on education.
"The government must do more to help children who are missing out on education," said the NC

Runners from 178 different nations, from Azerbaijan to Zambia, will be represented in the Great North Run on Sunday.

Article: At least 80 people died in the fire on 14 June, although the final toll will not be known for many months.
Nearly 400 holidays have been offered by the Grenfell Tower Holiday Appeal Facebook Group, set up by Angie Mays and Kay Gilbert from Devon.
The man and his family will have a week in a cottage in Marsden, Yorkshire.
More on the holiday offer for Grenfell victims and other Devon news.
The firefighter's wife, who wishes to remain anonymous to protect her husband, said: "What Kay and Angie have done from the kindness of their hearts will help so many families at such a distressing time in their lives.
"This has been the most horrific job of my husband's career and he has been utterly broken by it - as we all have - trying to support him emotionally, and trying to understand what he has been through, not to mention praying he comes home in one piece.
"Thanks to the utter kindness of these wonderful ladies and all of the generous donations to this cause, we will be able to go away for a week as a family for some much needed R&R.
"This means the world to me that I can take them away from it all, if just for a moment."
Ms Mays, a fundraiser from Ilfracombe, said short-stay offers have come mainly from small businesses, B&Bs and guesthouses all over the UK, but also in Spain and Cyprus, adding that other firefighter families are also in the process of taking up offers.
Other donations include counselling sessions, beauty treatments and meals.
Separate Facebook groups have been also set up to provide holidays in Cornwall and the Highlands.

Summary: A firefighter "utterly broken" by the Grenfell Tower blaze is to take up the offer of a free holiday with money raised by members of the public.
###
Article: The optical illusion is not in fact a rainbow according to BBC weather presenter Keeley Donovan,
"It is known as a circumzenithal arc," she said, adding: "It is formed when sunlight is refracted through ice crystals rather than raindrops."
Photographs of the spectrum of colours spotted on Friday have been shared on social media.
One BBC Weather Watcher, Mrs D from Glusburn County Primary School near Keighley, said the children had been delighted to see it.
She said: "My class and all the children saw this circumzenithal arc, which appeared just after the Remembrance service we attended in Sutton Park.
"The children were very excited to see a smile in the sky."
Ms Donovan said the meteorological phenomenon usually forms high up in the sky among the cirrus and cirrostratus clouds.
"Although they form fairly frequently, they are usually obscured by layers of clouds beneath, and rarely visible," she added.

Summary: "Upside-down rainbows" or "smiles in the sky" have been sighted across Yorkshire.
###
Article: A previous inspection of HMP Cornton Vale in Stirling found many prisoners had to wait more than 10 minutes to use a shared toilet overnight.
Inspectors visited the jail after about 110 prisoners were transferred to HMP Polmont, near Falkirk, last August.
The new report said prisoners' access to healthcare had also improved.
HM Inspectorate of Prisons for Scotland's (HMIPS) previous report, published in February 2016, said night-time sanitation arrangements at the jail were "wholly unacceptable in the 21st Century".
It noted that, in some cases, women were told to "pee in the sink" by staff.
HM Chief Inspector of Prisons for Scotland, David Strang, said he was "encouraged" by the changes that had been implemented since the last inspection report.
He said: "There are still challenges for staff who are caring for some of the most vulnerable women in Scotland.
"When women return to the community after serving their sentence, it is vital that the right support is in place to encourage a successful reintegration into the community."
Cornton Vale is due to be replaced with a purpose-built 80-bed facility and five regional units holding 20 women each.
The new report is based on a three-day inspection carried out last October when the prison held 93 offenders, aged between 18 and 74.
It said that HMP Cornton Vale was a "significantly different establishment" since the previous inspection.
The report noted: "Inspectors found that good progress had been made in adjusting to the new arrangements.
"In particular all women now had unrestricted access to toilet facilities, which had not been the situation a year ago.
"The reduction in the number of women allowed more time for staff to work constructively with the women to make the most of their time in custody."
The Scottish Prison Service (SPS) said it welcomed the new report.
It noted: "SPS also welcomes HMIPS' comments that everyone in HMP & YOI Cornton Vale has worked diligently, with purpose and focus, to achieve the best possible outcome for the women who remain...

Summary: Inmates at Scotland's only all-women prison now have unrestricted access to toilet facilities, a new inspection report has noted.
###
Article: The charity's research suggests many lose out as they have no school place or are unknown to the authorities.
The findings, based on Freedom of Information requests to councils, show that across 79 authorities 7,701 children on any day are down as missing class.
The Department for Education says the findings are misleading and unhelpful.
The NCB said that if 7,701 young people are missing school every day in the authorities that provided information, this would suggest more than 14,800 children are not in education at any time across the country.
A further analysis, based on detailed Freedom of Information responses from 45 councils, suggests that, on any given day, of those who are missing education, there are an estimated 3,000 youngsters in England whose whereabouts are unknown.
The study claims almost 5,000 children are losing out because they are waiting for a school place.
Other reasons given by local authorities for children being classed as "missing education" included being excluded from school; having special educational needs; being pregnant or a teenage mother; not enrolled in school or moving between schools; or because they have moved or are believed to have moved overseas.
Children are considered to be missing education if they are not on a school roll and not receiving suitable education other than at school, according to government guidance.
The NCB said it was calling for the government to conduct a national review of children missing education.
The charity's chief executive, Dr Hilary Emery, said: "Children who miss out on education are at significant risk of failing academically, and may end up as Neets [not in education, employment or training] in later life because their school life has been disrupted.
"There is also the real possibility that some of these children will suffer physical and emotional harm, particularly if they are taken off the school roll and their whereabouts become unknown.
"Recent high-profile cases of child sexual exploitation have involved children missing from...

Summary: Thousands of children in England are missing out on an education, the National Children's Bureau says.
###
Article: Media playback is not supported on this device
Now in its 36th year, the Great North Run will have more countries represented in a single running event in history.
If you'd like to find out how to get into running, take a look at our special guide.

Summary:


Malorie Blackman's young adult novel Noughts and Crosses is to be made into a BBC One drama series.

Article: The New York Times says leaked National Security Agency documents show in 2011 it intercepted about 55,000 "facial-recognition-quality images" every day.
The leaks suggested the photos had been harvested from emails, text messages, social media and video chats, it says.
The NYT added the images were then cross-referenced with other databases.
These are said to include photographs of airline passengers, and pictures taken from other countries' national identity-card schemes.
The NSA has said that it does not have access to photos taken for US passports or US driving licences, but declined to comment about photos submitted by foreigners applying for visas to the country.
"We would not be doing our job if we didn't seek ways to continuously improve the precision of signals intelligence activities - aiming to counteract the efforts of valid foreign intelligence targets to disguise themselves or conceal plans to harm the United States and its allies," Vanee Vines, an NSA spokeswoman said.
The allegations are the latest to result from documents released by Edward Snowden, who gathered the material while working at the NSA's regional centre in Hawaii.
The papers themselves highlight the limitations of relying on face-matching technology.
The NYT reported that Tundra Freeze - the codename for the NSA's main in-house facial-recognition effort - had returned several obvious mismatches when it had tried to identify a photo of a young bearded man with dark hair, according to a report dated 2011.
The paper said the software had also returned inaccurate results when agents had queried it about a photograph of Osama Bin Laden.
However, the NYT added that a leaked Powerpoint presentation had also provided an example where the software had successfully matched a photo of a bald man taken at a water park with another picture of the same person taken when he had hair, was wearing different clothes, and was at a different location.
Campaign group Privacy International said it was concerned about the security agencies' use of...

Summary: US cyber-spies have collected millions of photos of people's faces from the net for use in facial-recognition programmes, according to reports.
###
Article: In that time, he only truly feared for his life on three occasions - all of them within the first panicked months which followed his kidnap from a hotel in Timbuktu.
Each time, the feeling was the same.
"Your brain takes you to another place and the seconds are long and you are numb," he recalled, speaking at a press conference in South Africa, thousands of miles from the men who had stolen six years of his life - and with it, the chance to say a final goodbye to his mother.
Mr McGown's rescue was the end of a hostage ordeal which has stretched not only across the years, but across continents. He was the last of the three men taken by al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) to be released.
The 42-year-old had already watched his fellow hostages, Dutchman Sjaak Rijke and Swede Johan Gustafsson, leave the makeshift camps which had been both their home and prison.
Sitting in front of the media in South Africa on Thursday, Mr McGown admitted he had barely dared hoped he might be next.
"In the end, you just do not want to believe," he said. "Well, you want to believe, but you are tired of coming down with a bang."
A lot has happened since 25 November, 2011, the day AQIM stormed a small Timbuktu hotel and seized the three men, shooting dead a fourth man - a German - before driving them deep into the desert.
None of the men knew if they would survive. Mr McGown was perhaps the most vulnerable: his dual British-South African citizenship meant he was a prize bargaining chip.
Sitting and watching his captors slaughter a goat in the middle of the camp just days into the kidnap, he said he had thought soberly: "I am probably the first to go because of my British ties."
But he added: "I don't believe they knew my nationality. It would have been first prize for them if I was British. They kidnapped me just because I was non-Muslim."
The first year was the hardest.
In the beginning, they were kept chained at night, huddled under a blanket together "like sardines" until someone unlocked them in the morning. Blindfolds were...

Summary: Stephen McGown watched the swallows migrate back and forth across the Sahara six times before he was finally rescued from the grip of Islamist extremists.
###
Article: Julianne Moore, Robert Pattinson, Jake Gyllenhaal and Emma Thompson are among those set to be walking the red carpet.
The festival opens with Ismael's Ghosts - a French film starring Marion Cotillard - on Wednesday.
As the French Riviera resort welcomes the film world for the 11-day event, here's what to expect.
It's fair to say this is Nicole Kidman's year, with four projects - that's TV as well as film - on show.
They include one of the most hotly-anticipated films of the festival, The Beguiled.
Directed by Sofia Coppola, the drama is set in an all-female boarding school in America's South during the Civil War and is in competition for the top prize, the Palme d'Or.
An injured enemy soldier, played by Colin Farrell, is taken in by the women, but tensions - and sexual jealousy - rise.
Kidman and Farrell team up again for The Killing of a Sacred Deer by Greek director Yorgos Lanthimos (The Lobster). She plays the wife of a surgeon - Farrell - who takes in a teenage boy with catastrophic results.
Her final film at Cannes is How to Talk to Girls at Parties, based on a Neil Gaiman short story, while she's also in Jane Campion's Top of the Lake, one of the TV picks of the festival.
You can forget the screening rooms and press junkets - the main action at Cannes is going to be on the red carpet and at the endless parties.
Rihanna and Cara Delevingne are among those heading to the waterfront as a social whirl engulfs the town.
Neither has a film showing - but Cara is the face of a new ice cream launch and Rihanna is hosting a late-night party.
Each country will also have a tent along the seafront, so you can expect an array of famous faces to be popping in to the soirees being held there, as well as those on the shoal of superyachts that will be fringing the festival.
Security at this year's Cannes is higher than ever. Which is not surprising given the recent attacks in France, including last summer's horror in nearby Nice, where a man drove a truck into a crowd celebrating Bastille Day.
A row of 400 concrete...

Summary: Stars from around the world are heading to Cannes for the prestigious film festival, celebrating its 70th anniversary this year.
###
Article: He told the BBC that he was giving a "very clear indication" about who he was likely to appoint to the post.
But he stopped short of officially confirming it would be Mr Balls before the election results were in, because he thought it was "presumptuous".
He added: "I think you can take it from my answer what I'm planning to do."
In an interview with BBC Newsnight presenter Evan Davis, he added: "I've always said that I don't do measuring the curtains because my focus is on up to 7 May.
"I'm not going to start appointing members of my cabinet, but I think Ed Balls has shown over the last four years, and in this campaign, that he is somebody who is not just capable of being chancellor, but would be an excellent chancellor.
"I'm giving you a very clear indication."
The Labour leader was also pressed on the subject of how much his party would be borrowing at the end of the next Parliament, but did not give a specific answer.
He said Labour would have a surplus on the current budget "as soon as possible" in the next Parliament, and have net debt falling.
But Mr Miliband said he would not pick an "arbitrary number" for borrowing in six years' time.
He was also asked if Labour's borrowing would be bigger at the end of the next Parliament than the Conservative's plan.
"I don't believe it will", he said based on the Tories' failure to meet their borrowing target in this Parliament.
Asked whether the SNP would effectively be calling the shots over any future Labour government, he said: "It ain't going to happen... the House of Commons works in a very simple way. It's for people in the Commons to decide how they vote on measures put before the House of Commons... The SNP aren't going to tell us".
In the first of the series of leaders' interviews with Evan Davis, Lib Dem leader Nick Clegg said he would reject another coalition with the Conservatives if they insisted on their proposed Â£12bn welfare cuts.
And last week David Cameron told the presenter that accusations about the Conservatives being "the party of the rich"...

Summary: Labour leader Ed Miliband has said that Ed Balls "would make an excellent chancellor" should his party win power.
###
Article: The adaptation will be based on the critically-acclaimed first book in the Noughts and Crosses series, set in a dystopian society where black people are the ruling class.
It tells the forbidden interracial love story between Sephy, a "Cross" and politician's daughter; and Callum, a "Nought" and member of the underclass.
The drama is expected to air next year.
Blackman, who was the children's laureate from 2013-15, said she was "beyond thrilled" her book was being dramatised.
"Callum and Sephy seem to have meant a lot to readers over the years and I'm excited at the prospect of watching them on my TV," she said.
The series is being produced by Mammoth Screen, the company behind hit BBC drama Poldark.
The commission was announced at the Edinburgh Television Festival by director of BBC Content Charlotte Moore as part of a new raft of programming designed to "reflect the diversity of modern Britain".
Also announced were three new original drama series and two factual programmes:
Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

Summary:


The Certificate of Irish Heritage scheme, which officially recognises people of Irish descent around the world, is to end due to a low uptake.

Article: The ruling is a significant victory for campaigners, who began legal action after the UK breached EU limits for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the air.
Diesel vehicles are a key source of so-called NOx emissions, and NO2 is linked to a range of respiratory illnesses.
The Environment Department said work had already been started on revised plans to meet EU targets on NO2.
In a unanimous ruling, a panel of five judges, headed by the court's president Lord Neuberger, ordered "that the Government must prepare and consult on new air quality plans for submission to the European Commission... no later than December 31 2015".
The case had been brought by ClientEarth - a group of environmental lawyers - which notes that air pollution causes tens of thousands of premature deaths a year in the UK.
Announcing the decision, Lord Carnwath said: "The new government, whatever its political complexion, should be left in no doubt as to the need for immediate action to address this issue."
Analysis: Helen Briggs, environment correspondent
The official number of early deaths from air pollution in the UK is put at 29,000 a year - more than obesity and alcohol combined. According to scientific experts, this may be an underestimate as it does not include all air pollutants, including NO2, which is produced by emissions from diesel-powered vehicles.
The UK has been breaching legal limits for nitrogen dioxide since 2010 in 16 different cities and regions. The judgment forces the next government to draw up new air quality plans - for submission to the EU - by the end of the year.
This represents a considerable challenge - under existing plans, nitrogen dioxide limits set by the EU would not be met until 2030. Campaigners say the government should be looking to cities such as Paris, where there is free public transport in towns and cities on days of high air pollution.
It may also have to consider measures such as low emission zones and congestion charging across the UK, working with local authorities and devolution partners.
ClientEarth...

Summary: The UK's highest court has ruled that the government must take immediate action to cut air pollution.
###
Article: Jenny Hatfield completed the list with an ascent of the 632m Cruinn a'Bheinn, near Ben Lomond, on Sunday.
There are 1,556 Marilyns across the UK, though most of them are in Scotland. They include two St Kilda sea stacks.
The term Marilyn is a play on Munro - the name for mountains in Scotland that are at least 3,000ft (914.4m) high.
Ms Hatfield reached the summit of her final Marilyn with her partner Rick Salter, who becomes the 9th man to complete the list.
Together, they enjoyed a glass of champagne at the summit and have become the first couple to tick all the hills. Ms Hatfield said she was "absolutely over the moon" at the achievement.
"It just feels amazing to have that huge list of hills complete," she told BBC Radio's Good Morning Scotland programme.
"In the last year, myself and my partner Rick Salter have actually managed to climb 500 of them, so that's been a huge ongoing every day commitment."
The list was created by hillwalker Alan Dawson in 1992, when he published The Relative Hills of Britain. The first completer was Rob Woodall in 2014.
Ms Hatfield, who was joined by about 40 hill-bagging friends on Cruinn a'Bheinn, said she first saw the opportunity to become the first woman to complete the Marilyns last October, when she climbed the St Kilda sea stacks, Stac Lee and Stan an Armin.
The St Kilda archipelago lies 41 miles (66km) west of the Western Isles. An ascent of the stacks requires a difficult climb up slippery rock.
There is generally a narrow window of time to bag the stacks, in between the nesting season and poorer weather over the winter months, and they are widely regarded as the hardest Marilyns to tick.
Ms Hatfield said they were the "ultimate challenge" for anyone wanting to complete the Marilyns.
"Just landing on the stacks is the first challenge you face and of course the climbing that goes on after that," she said.
Ms Hatfield estimates she has climbed about 243,000m to achieve her goal - the equivalent of climbing Everest from sea level 28 times - covering about 5,370km as...

Summary: A hillwalker from Cumbria has become the first woman to complete all of the UK's "Marilyns" - hills with a drop of at least 150m on all sides.
###
Article: After photographs of her West Highland Terrier received more "likes" on social media than even the most stunning Glencoe landscapes she could capture, Sam Grant conceded that "the wee white dug" should star in her Scottish travel blog.
"Casper is my unique selling point," says Sam Grant, an Edinburgh-based VisitScotland ambassador who spends her spare time travelling the country with her pet.
She adds: "There are lots of travel bloggers out there who are very good writers, but they don't have the wee white dug."
Her eccentric website details places of interest in areas including Orkney, Loch Lomond and the Scottish Borders.
It was launched in 2015 after an Instagram account written from Casper's perspective proved popular with followers.
The social media profile has nearly 4,000 followers, who Sam says "can't get enough" of the wee white dug's quirky anecdotes about his travels.
Sam says travelling with Casper has given her lots of insight into Scotland's best pet-friendly tourist attractions and holiday accommodation.
She says: "There are loads of good places that you can visit nowadays where you can bring along your four-legged friends."
Sam hopes the blog could encourage more Scots to look around their own country, as well as attracting other visitors.
She says: "If you visit the beaches in the Outer Hebrides, you'll see there's really no need to go to the Caribbean - unless you're a sun worshipper.
"Scotland's a country with a rich history and heritage. A country full of stories just waiting to be told."
Sam says most traffic to her website comes from the UK and US but she has had visitors from more than 100 countries - including China.
"When I see that I've had visitors from far-flung countries, I imagine them on the other side of the world reading about Scotland and the wee white dug," the writer adds.
Asked if she thinks some people could say her pictures are a bit twee, Sam replied: "I did worry about that at first, so I try to make a joke of it.
"But if people like my pictures and they bring a bit of...

Summary: .
###
Article: The Law Commission estimates the shortfall could be up to £666m every year, London's High Court was told.
Liverpool, Nottinghamshire, Richmond, and Shropshire councils are seeking a judicial review of the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) procedure.
A 2014 Supreme Court ruling led to a tenfold rise in cases, judges heard.
The four councils claim the government has failed to provide adequate funding and has created "a national crisis" for local authorities all over England.
The case concerns the 2009 DoLS regime which was designed to protect people who lack the capacity to act for themselves and are liable to be detained in care homes or hospitals for their own safety, treatment or care.
This includes people suffering from dementia and learning difficulties.
Councils must ensure any deprivation of liberty is lawful under human rights legislation and the Mental Health Act.
The court heard that the landmark Supreme Court ruling in 2014 - known as the Cheshire West decision - widened the definition of those subject to the regime, leading to a tenfold rise in cases.
The Local Government Association has argued that an additional £172m a year is needed while claiming government funding is currently at £34m.
James Goudie QC, appearing for the councils, said the government had "singularly failed to heed this warning".
He said: "As a result, local authorities across the country now face a massive funding deficit in delivering the mandatory human rights protections embodied in the DoLS regime."
Mr Goudie argued the Law Commission estimated the shortfall to be in the region "of a third and two thirds of a billion pounds, the vast majority of which will recur annually to local authorities".
He said: "That shortfall has created a real possibility that local authorities will not be able to fulfil their legal duties."

Summary: Councils are at risk of failing their legal duty to people who could be detained in care facilities due to a huge funding crisis, a court has heard.
###
Article: The scheme was introduced by the Irish government four years ago to forge connections with some of the 70m people abroad who claim to have Irish roots.
It was an official confirmation of Irish ancestry, aimed at those who do not qualify for full citizenship.
However, as few as 3,000 certificates have been sold since the 2011 launch.
In a statement, the Department of Foreign Affairs said: "The uptake of the Certificate of Irish Heritage has been considerably less than anticipated.
"No further certificates will be available for purchase after 24 August 2015."
The department said the scheme had been set up to encourage people of Irish descent to trace their family roots and to give "greater practical expression to the sense of Irish identity felt by many around the world".
Previous recipients have included a number of high-profile figures, including US President Barack Obama, former US President Bill Clinton and the Hollywood actor Tom Cruise.
Applicants were asked to provide details of their Irish ancestors online, so their ancestry could be verified through record checks.
The certificates cost 45 euros (Â£32) or 120 euros (Â£85) for a framed version, but the Department of Foreign Affairs said it never anticipated that the scheme "would provide significant revenue to the government".
The website where applications are processed described the initiative as representing the "enduring emotional ties and sense of identity bestowed by Irish ancestry, recognising the continuing emotional attachment of the descendants who left our shores long ago".

Summary:


A man has been jailed for life for murdering a woman in a "brutal" attack.
Article: A man has been jailed for life for murdering a woman in a "brutal" attack.
The court heard how the man, who was not named, stabbed the woman in the neck and chest

A nursery suggested referring a four-year-old boy to a de-radicalisation programme after he mispronounced the word "cucumber", it is alleged.

Article: Drivers from West of Scotland Heavy Haulage won praise on social media after being filmed navigating a tiny bridge in Dumfries and Galloway.
Landscape gardener Dabby McCreadie captured their skills when police stopped him as the convoy passed Bargrennan Bridge near Newton Stewart.
"They do a brilliant job transporting these loads safely," said Dabby.
"These drivers make two or three trips a week down to the wind farm," he added.
"The loads can be up to 68m long. They have a steersman who operates the back end by remote as the driver can't see it."
The blades were being transported to Scottish Power's Kilgallioch wind farm.
Dabby's video has been viewed more than 40,000 times since he posted it to his Facebook page.
It was filmed at the same spot where a wind turbine lorry caught fire in August this year.

Summary: It can be tight squeeze on Scotland's rural roads, but imagine doing it with a wind turbine blade in tow.
###
Article: Casey Scott, 29, of Drummond Road, Skegness, strangled and stabbed Lenuta Haidemac, 28, after asking her to come to the address.
Ms Haidemac, who was a sex worker, was found dead on the bathroom floor of Scott's flat.
Scott, who had previously pleaded guilty to her murder, was sentenced at Lincoln Crown Court.
Ms Haidemac had been living in Boston, Lincolnshire, with her partner and their two children since moving to the UK in 2015.
Judge Michael Heath told Scott he killed Ms Haidemac in a "brutal" manner and ordered him to serve 19 years imprisonment before he can be considered for parole.
Det Ch Insp Diane Coulson said: "Casey Scott has never accounted for his actions so we may never know what led to Lenuta's brutal killing.
"Whatever happened that day, it left a family grieving the loss of a much-loved young woman."

Summary: A man who murdered a woman in a "brutal" attack has been jailed for life with a minimum term of 19 years.
###
Article: Sheffield City Council's cabinet agreed to set aside Â£262,000 from public health funds so voluntary groups can bid for cash to help running costs.
The idea came after thousands of people objected to council plans to close several of the city's 28 libraries.
The authority said it would work with community groups to finalise business plans by June.
Those libraries are: Broomhill, Ecclesfield, Frecheville, Gleadless, Greenhill, Jordanthorpe, Stannington, Totley, Upperthorpe and Walkley.
The council said if groups did not make "sufficient progress, or fail to submit a business plan to the required standard" closures would still be needed.

Summary: Plans to prevent the closure of 10 Sheffield libraries by handing control to community groups have been approved.
###
Article: The committee's report into shared and integrated education, published on Tuesday, is the result of a year-long inquiry.
It contains 11 recommendations aimed at enabling more children from different backgrounds to spend time learning together.
Shared education is not the same as integrated education.
In integrated education, schools enrol approximately equal numbers of Catholic and Protestant children as well as children from other religious and cultural backgrounds.
About 7% of children in Northern Ireland are educated at 64 integrated schools in Northern Ireland.
Shared education projects can range from large-scale campuses like Lisanelly in Omagh, where six schools will be based, to pupils in separate schools engaging in joint classes or activities.
The committee's recommendations include the need to provide incentives for schools to participate in shared education, and increased training and support for pupils, teachers and parents involved in collaboration.
The report also calls for the impact of shared education projects to be measured, and says that it should be based on "educational improvement in the first instance and societal reconciliation progress in the second."
It also says that more attention needs to be paid to the development of non-integrated schools where there is "natural mixing" - for example, where children from Catholic backgrounds attend controlled schools, or vice versa.
However, while there is broad consensus on shared education, the report also mentions disagreements over how exactly progress will be achieved.
"The committee was non-plussed by the heated and antagonistic nature of some of the exchanges between representatives from some of the different education sectors in their evidence to the committee," it says.
"The committee was forced to the conclusion that a key barrier to improved co-operation between sectors and increased mixing in schools may be the unhelpful attitude of some of the representative bodies of the educational sectors."
Introducing the report in the assembly,...

Summary: The Northern Ireland Assembly's education committee has backed plans for the expansion of shared education.
###
Article: Concerns were raised after the youngster drew a picture of a man cutting the vegetable.
Staff in Luton told the child's mother they believed he was saying "cooker bomb" instead of "cucumber".
The case was sent to a police and social services panel instead of de-radicalisation scheme Channel.
It decided not to take further action.
The boy's mother, who has not been named to protect her son's identity, concluded the confusion was due to the way her son pronounced the word.
"She (the member of nursery staff) kept saying it was this one picture of the man cutting the cucumber....which she said to me is a 'cooker bomb', and I was baffled," she told the BBC Asian Network.
Read this and more stories from Beds, Bucks and Herts
She said she feared her children would be taken away from her and added: 'But I haven't done anything wrong... It was a horrible day."
Teachers and public service workers have a legal obligation to report any concerns of extremist behaviour to the authorities since July.
Just under 2,000 under-15s were referred between January 2012 and December 2015.
Teaching unions say there is confusion over the government's counter-terrorism strategy in schools.
Alex Kenny from the National Union of Teachers said: "Teachers are scared of getting it wrong.
"They think Ofsted is going to criticise them if they haven't reported these things, and you end up [with] the boy making the spelling mistake, or the boy saying something in Arabic - that then gets reported on."
The Department for Education said its counter-terrorism strategy Prevent is "entirely consistent" with schools' responsibilities and "good schools would already be safeguarding children from extremism".

Summary:


later released.
The tourist was not charged

A British man has been been questioned in Peru after posing naked at the Machu Picchu ruins, local police have said.

Article: The deal aims to limit greenhouse gas emissions and keep global temperature increases "well below" 2C.
It was approved with 610 votes in favour, 38 against and with 31 abstentions.
The vote, attended by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, paves the way for the pact to come into force globally.
The deal on Tuesday means national ministers can now ratify the agreement on behalf of the EU later this week.
To become operational, the treaty needs at least 55 countries representing at least 55% of global emissions to complete all the steps.
"With the action taken by the EU parliament, I am confident that we will be able to cross the 55% threshold very soon, in just a matter of a few days," Mr Ban said.
"I am extremely honoured to be able to witness this historic moment," he added.
The Paris deal has raced through the UN ratification process in double-quick time. It took eight years to get the previous Kyoto Protocol agreed â€’ and that was nowhere near as comprehensive.
That is good news for the climate. Further positive news is that renewable energy is plummeting in cost, so the burden faced by nations turning away from fossil fuels is not so great.
The bad news, however, is that politicians in Paris have admitted that the targets set for curbing emissions are not tough enough.
Coal-fired power stations are still being built at a furious pace in developing countries, even as rich nations turn away from the energy source.
The Paris agreement sets an aim ideally for a maximum rise in global temperatures of 1.5C. But scientists have warned that action has been delayed for so long that there is now a need to develop ways of actually sucking CO2 out of the air.
Follow Roger on Twitter @rharrabin
The agreement comes after India, one of the world's largest greenhouse gas emitters, became the latest country to ratify the deal on Sunday.
As a so-called "mixed" agreement, the climate deal requires approval at both EU and national level. But on 30 September EU environment ministers agreed to fast-track it, meaning the deal...

Summary: The European Parliament has backed the ratification of the Paris climate deal, paving the way for the world's first global agreement.
###
Article: The old library officially opened in 1974 and was once described by Prince Charles as looking like "a place where books are incinerated, not kept".
Three libraries have stood on the site since 1865. Now, demolition work has begun to make way for the Paradise Circus development.
The new library in Centenary Square was designed by Dutch architects Mecanoo and opened on 3 September 2013.
September 1865 - Birmingham's first public library opened to great acclaim
January 1879 - Fire significantly damaged the building and contents
June 1882 - A rebuilt library reopened along with new donations
1938 - The council approved the building of a new library but war postponed the plans
1960 - The Birmingham Mail reported the library was struggling to look after 750,000 books in a building designed to hold 30,000
June 1970 - The foundation stone of a new library was laid on the same site as the old one
Mid 1973 - The new building, designed by Birmingham's John Madin, was ready and in use
January 1974 - The library was officially opened by the Prime Minister Harold Wilson
Early 2000 - The council identified major problems with the 1970s building
September 2006 - Centenary Square was revealed as the location for the new library
August 2008 - Architects Mecanoo were appointed
April 2009 - The new Library of Birmingham design was revealed
November 2009 - The Culture and Tourism Minister decided not to give the old Central Library listed status
December 2012 - Demolition of the old Central Library was agreed by the council
June 2013 - The library closes to readers with more than 400,000 books being transferred
August 2013 - The reception at the old Central Library will close
September 2013 - The new Â£190m Library of Birmingham opened
December 2015 - Demolition work began on Birmingham Central Library

Summary: After 40 years, Birmingham Central Library closed to the public on 29 June 2013, ahead of the opening of a new Â£190m library.
###
Article: The unemployment total fell to 1.65 million in the March-to-May period, down 54,000 from the previous quarter, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) said.
The figures cover the period before the UK vote to leave the European Union.
But some analysts warned the outcome of the vote meant the positive trend was unlikely to continue for much longer.
"The vote to leave the EU will almost certainly now cause some firms to put hiring decisions on hold or cut back headcounts altogether.
"Indeed, we expect the unemployment rate to begin to drift up over the coming quarters. The upshot is that these may be the best set of labour market figures for a while," said Paul Hollingsworth, UK economist at Capital Economics.
The Bank of England had a similar view in its separate monthly summary of business conditions, which was also released on Wednesday.
It said: "A majority of firms spoken with did not expect a near-term impact from the result on their investment or hiring plans.
"But around a third of contacts thought there would be some negative impact on those plans over the next twelve months."
In the March-to-May period, the number of people in work rose by 176,000, with the employment rate remaining at a record high of 74.4%.
Earnings, not adjusted for inflation and excluding bonuses, rose by 2.2% compared with last year.
There were 23.19 million people working full-time, 401,000 more than for a year earlier.
"The labour market continued to strengthen in spring 2016, with record employment and the unemployment rate at its lowest since 2005," said ONS statistician Nick Palmer.
The inactivity rate, the proportion of people of working age considered economically inactive, was the lowest since comparable records began in 1971 at 21.6%.
If the unemployment number does start to rise that could take the momentum out of wage growth, according to Samuel Tombs, the chief UK economist at Pantheon Macroeconomics.
"Rising unemployment and falling job vacancies [is likely to] ensure that wage growth does not respond fully to the...

Summary: The UK unemployment rate has fallen to 4.9%, the lowest since July 2005, according to official figures.
###
Article: SentIntoSpace said it landed in Low Bentham, North Yorkshire about 50 miles from where it was launched, at about 13:30 GMT on Thursday.
"It was in decent shape, apart from the fact the lid came off when it landed and it had broken into two pieces," said Dan Blaney of the Sheffield firm.
Tracking software revealed the meat and potato pie attached to a weather balloon climbed to 29,500m (97,000ft).
It had been launched about two-and-a-half hours earlier from Roby Mill in Wigan, Greater Manchester before landing near the Lancashire-North Yorkshire border.
SentIntoSpace, who also attached a video camera to the box containing the pie and tracking device, wanted to find out whether "space travel" affects the molecular structure of pies - not to mention how they taste.
Mr Blaney said: "I have contemplated eating a bit of it but I'm a vegetarian."
St Helens-based Ultimate Purveyors were commissioned to make the pie.
The pie was launched to promote the World Pie Eating Championships in Wigan on 20 December.

Summary: A pie has "returned safely from space", organisers have said.
###
Article: Adam Burton, 23, and a French tourist were caught posing naked on Wednesday by surveillance workers and were removed from the Unesco World Heritage site, Cusco police said.
A police spokesman told the Press Association the pair were questioned over minor offences "against morality".
The Foreign Office said it was in contact with the Peruvian authorities.
It is understood the men have not been arrested or charged.
A Foreign Office spokesman said: "We are in contact with local authorities in Peru following an incident involving a British national in Machu Picchu."
Surveillance was increased at Machu Picchu in March 2014 after nude photos and streaking became increasingly common at the site.
The Machu Picchu citadel, built by the Inca Empire in the 15th Century, stands at 2,430m (7,972ft) above sea level.
Hundreds of thousands of tourists visit the site, which is one of Peru's main tourist attractions, each year.
In June, four tourists who posed naked on a mountain in Malaysia, including one Briton, were given jail sentences of three days for causing a public nuisance.

Summary:


The Libor scandal has already cost Barclays $453m.
###: The Libor scandal has already cost Barclays $453m.
###: The Libor scandal has already cost Barclays $453m.
###: The Libor scandal has already cost Barclays $453m.
###: The Libor scandal

Barclays bank has paid a further $100m (£77m) to settle a claim by 44 US states that it rigged the Libor rate system between 2005 and 2009.

Article: The deal will give Yandex full access to public data from users in Russia, Turkey and CIS countries including Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.
The data includes users' posts and comments on them. Profiles or posts set to "private" will not be searchable.
The move is expected to help Yandex improve search results and boost traffic on Facebook in Russia.
"In the near future, Yandex's search results will display not only Facebook users' posts but also others' comments on them," Yandex said in a statement.
"Users can find out what those on the social network are saying about the current headline news events, for example, or the latest movies."
Facebook, the world's biggest social networking site, trails domestic players in the Russian market.
The firm has been making a push to boost its presence in emerging markets as it looks to sustain the high level of user growth amid growing competition.
Yandex, which is the leading search engine in Russia, said that it would take into consideration the popularity of things on Facebook while ranking search results.
It said that getting full access to the social network's public data meant that "Facebook will be better represented in Yandex's search results".
"We see one of our key tasks as being the creation of social search services, using content from all the popular social networks in equal measure.
"This would allow a user to find an old friend without having to register on every single social network one after another," it added.
Yandex did not disclose the value of the deal, but various reports indicated that it did not involve any cash.

Summary: Facebook has agreed a deal to share public data from its users with Yandex - Russia's largest search engine.
###
Article: Darren Newlands, 28, was sentenced to eight years in prison and his co-accused Michael McKenzie, 26, to six years and 10 months.
Both men were also ordered to be monitored in the community for two years after their release.
They were convicted after a trial at the High Court in Glasgow of stabbing Taroon Miankhail on the head and body.
They robbed the driver of Â£60 at Startpoint Street, Glasgow, on 15 October 2015.
The pair were also found guilty of assaulting another taxi driver by presenting a knife at him hours earlier at Cruachan Road, Glasgow.
Judge Lord Ericht said: "You have been convicted of assault with a knife on a private taxi driver and later that day a second driver sustained knife wounds.
"You have an appalling record for crimes of violence and knife crime."

Summary: Two men who stabbed a taxi driver and forced him to hand over his takings have been jailed.
###
Article: Shadow defence secretary Maria Eagle said the words were "not helpful", while shadow foreign secretary Hilary Benn said Mr Corbyn should abide by the party's decision on renewing Trident.
Mr Corbyn said nuclear weapons "didn't do the USA much good on 9/11".
He added that he was elected leader on a platform opposing Trident renewal.
Prime Minister David Cameron said Mr Corbyn's comments showed Labour could not be trusted with Britain's national security.
Following the shadow cabinet criticism of his comments, Mr Corbyn was asked by the BBC's John Pienaar what the point of the Labour defence policy debate and review was.
He said: "The point of a policy debate is to try and bring people with me."
In his conference address on Tuesday, Mr Corbyn said his landslide leadership win gave a "mandate" for his views on disarmament of Britain's nuclear weapons.
On Wednesday's BBC Radio 4 Today programme he said: "I am opposed to the use of nuclear weapons. I am opposed to the holding of nuclear weapons. I want to see a nuclear-free world. I believe it is possible.
"I do not think we should be renewing Trident... I think we should be promoting an international nuclear weapons convention which would lead to a nuclear-free world."
It did not take a debate, within Labour or the House of Commons. A few words on the Today programme did the trick.
Should he get to Number 10, he said simply, he would not press the nuclear button.
Think of it this way: Corbyn declared to Britain's potential enemies that with him in charge they could disregard a multi-billion pound weapon system.
Or, perhaps, put it like this: a man with a lifetime commitment to scrapping Britain's deterrent promised not to kill untold thousands of innocent people if he had the opportunity.
Many politicians choose not to be so frank.
Read more from Ross
A guide to Trident and the debate about its replacement
Is there such a thing as a nuclear button?
How important is Trident to the UK's security and international standing?
Spending "Â£100bn" on replacing Trident...

Summary: Jeremy Corbyn has faced criticism from senior Labour colleagues for saying he would not fire Britain's nuclear weapons if he were prime minister.
###
Article: Westminster's conventional wisdom had pretty much ruled out the election which Theresa May has just called, and her snap election will force a snap decision on quite a lot of MPs: should they stay, or should they go?
The first point to make is that an election now means returning 650 MPs, cancelling the proposed cull which would have downsized the Commons to 600 seats...so those who had faced being squeezed out in that process will get a five year reprieve (assuming, of course, the voters re-elect them) and it will be interesting to see if the promise of fewer MPs is included in the next Conservative manifesto.
With an election not expected 'til 2020, only handful of honourable members had signalled their intention to depart.
Now, others who have been wrestling with health problems or eying alternative employment, or simply battling with ennui, will have just days to decide whether they want to seek to continue in the Commons until 2022. Enquiring constituency parties will want to know.
With a maximum of seven working days left to the 2015 parliament, the time-line now looks like this:
Wednesday 19 April - the debate on an early dissolution of Parliament. By the end of the day, the clock will be ticking on the short, eventful life of the 2015 Parliament. The day's other major event will be Prime Minister's Questions, the penultimate confrontation of the Parliament, and, given the suggestion that there might not be TV debates between the party leaders, this confrontation and the one on 26 April will become major campaign events in their own right.
Over the ensuing week, Parliament will have to finalise or bin the remaining legislation still passing through Westminster…
There are a few bills at ping-pong stage at the moment bouncing between the Lords and Commons in search of final agreement. What normally happens in these circumstances is that the government seeks as much agreement as possible, and drops controversial parts of the legislation to get the rest through - a process known in Westminster slang as the...

Summary: And that is how you spring a surprise.
###
Article: Libor - or London inter-bank offered rate - is used by banks to set the cost of lending money to each other.
The New York attorney-general, Eric Schneiderman said government bodies and not-for-profit organisations had been defrauded of millions of dollars.
The Libor scandal has already cost Barclays $453m.
That sum was paid to the US Justice Department, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the UK's Financial Services Authority in 2012.
As part of the latest legal settlement, Barclays admitted what had already been firmly established; that some of its dealers rigged Libor rates in a system of mutual back-scratching between 2005 and 2009.
Mr Schneiderman said: "There has to be one set of rules for everyone, no matter how rich or how powerful, and that includes big banks and other financial institutions that engage in fraud or impair the fair functioning of financial markets."
Other banks that have reached settlements with the US authorities in similar Libor cases include UBS, which paid $1.5bn (£940m), RBS, Deutsche Bank and ICAP.
But Mr Schneiderman said Barclays was the first bank to settle cases brought by individual US state authorities.
For its part, Barclays said it was "pleased" to have settled this latest legal threat in the US.
"We believe this settlement is in the best interests of our shareholders and clients," it said.

Summary:


Boys should receive a cancer vaccine - already given to young girls - to stop them developing strains of the disease, experts have said.

Article: It had been arguing with parent firm, Govia Thameslink Railway (GTR), over driver-only operated (DOO) trains.
Members of the drivers' union rejected the deal by 54.1% to 45.9%. The turnout was 72.7%.
Under the proposed agreement, Southern would have been able to run trains without a guard or onboard supervisor under certain circumstances.
Mick Whelan, general secretary of Aslef, said: "We understand and support the decision arrived at democratically by our members and will now work to deliver a resolution in line with their expectations."
Live updates: Southern strike and Sussex news
David Sidebottom, of independent watchdog Transport Focus, said: "The hope that services would improve on Southern has now been dashed for their passengers.
"They have had enough of the on-going industrial action. They have faced months of lost time, lost money and deep frustration at not being able to rely on the trains.
"It is vital that all parties in this dispute get back around the table to bring the services back to normal as soon as possible."
Nick Brown, GTR's chief operating officer, said: "Naturally we're saddened and hugely disappointed, as will be our passengers, with today's decision by drivers, particularly as the agreement carried the full support and recommendation of the Aslef leadership.
"We now need to understand the issues which led to this outcome and we'll be seeking to meet with the union as soon as possible to see how we can agree a way forward."
Why is there a Southern rail strike?
The dispute centres on Southern's decision to turn guards into on-board supervisors.
In this role they would no longer be responsible for opening and closing carriage doors - this duty would become the responsibility of the driver.
The dispute began in April when conductors - who are members of the RMT union - first took industrial action.
Aslef members first walked out over the plans in December, leading to the cancellation of all Southern services.
Aslef leaders announced they had reached a deal with GTR on 2 February...

Summary: Aslef members have rejected a deal with Southern rail that would have ended a long-running industrial dispute.
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Article: A survey of 198 employers in the UK indicated, for graduates, being good at communicating, a team player, confident and analytical were all more important than having technical knowledge.
But this changed after two years in the job, when firms said knowledge was increasingly important.
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) supported the findings.
"Technical knowledge" was ranked 24th out of 30 competencies desired by employers at the recruitment stage, in the research, carried out by education provider Kaplan.
But after two years of employment, the importance of technical knowledge rose to second place.
Stuart Pedley-Smith, head of learning in the UK at Kaplan, said: "On the whole, we found that the employers we surveyed do not recruit graduates for the subject-specific nature of what they learned at university."
He said employers saw a university degree as proof that graduates had reached a certain level of competence.
Mr Pedley Smith added: "There is a well-known saying within recruitment - 'Recruit for attitude and train for skill.'"
Employers were happy to provide training for the more technical areas, he said.
Rob Wall, CBI head of education and employment policy, said: "The UK is facing a growing skills gap, so we must have an education system that better prepares young people for the world of work.
"That means not only do they need higher skills, but the character, determination and ability to communicate effectively and help forge successful careers."
Mr Wall said the CBI had found 89% of British firms had regarded attitudes to work and character as the most important factor when recruiting graduates.

Summary: Employers prefer "soft" skills rather than technical knowledge in graduates they are recruiting, a study suggests.
###
Article: IS began demolishing the site, which was founded in the 13th Century BC, on Thursday, according to Iraqi officials.
The head of the UN's cultural agency condemned the "systematic" destruction in Iraq as a "war crime".
IS, which controls large areas of Iraq and Syria, says shrines and statues are "false idols" that have to be smashed.
"They are erasing our history," said Iraqi archaeologist Lamia al-Gailani.
Nimrud lies on the Tigris river, about 30km (18 miles) south-east of Mosul, which IS controls.
Many of the artefacts found there have been moved to museums in Baghdad and overseas, but many remain on site.
BBC Middle East correspondent Jim Muir says the attempt to destroy Nimrud is already being compared with the Taliban's demolition of the Bamiyan Buddha rock sculptures in Afghanistan in 2001.
As well as destroying artefacts, Islamic State also trades in them - and the trade is one of its key sources of revenue.
IS "assaulted the historic city of Nimrud and bulldozed it with heavy vehicles," the tourism and antiquities ministry said on Thursday.
It said the militants continued to "defy the will of the world and the feelings of humanity", calling for a UN Security Council meeting to discuss how to protect cultural heritage in Iraq.
Nimrud covers a large area, and it is not yet clear whether it has been totally destroyed, our correspondent says.
But a local tribal source told Reuters news agency: "Islamic State members came to the Nimrud archaeological city and looted the valuables in it and then they proceeded to level the site to the ground.
"There used to be statues and walls as well as a castle that Islamic State has destroyed completely."
The unrivalled riches of Nimrud
Irina Bokova, head of the UN cultural agency Unesco, condemned the assault.
"This is yet another attack against the Iraqi people, reminding us that nothing is safe from the cultural cleansing under way in the country," she said.
"The deliberate destruction of cultural heritage constitutes a war crime. There is absolutely no political or...

Summary: Archaeologists and officials have expressed outrage about the bulldozing of the ancient Assyrian city of Nimrud by Islamic State militants in Iraq.
###
Article: Following a crowdfunding campaign which saw more than Â£100,000 raised, Lady Dinah's Cat Emporium opened on Saturday in Shoreditch, east London.
Since then, the online booking system has crashed and it is fully booked until May.
Owner Lauren Pears said the cafe itself had been "calm on the inside, crazy on the outside".
"We're hoping people won't get too cranky with us - we weren't expecting so many people to get in touch," she said.
Before the cafe opened, the Cats Protection charity raised concerns about the animals' welfare.
Maggie Roberts, Cats Protection's director of Veterinary Services, said: "We are concerned about the implications of having a number of cats in a limited space with groups of people unknown to them coming and going throughout the day.
"We believe this kind of environment is not suitable for domestic cats because they have evolved as solitary animals and generally do not choose to live in social groups - unlike dogs which are a social species."
But Ms Pears said the 12 cats - which were donated by people who were moving abroad and could not take the animals with them - were so far not showing any signs of stress.
Ms Pears also said some which were previously shy were now thriving.
"They go away and come back for attention when they want it," she said.
"They can have rest time when they want to. They really don't seem to be fussed at all."
An independent veterinarian and a cat behaviourist will visit the cafe regularly to monitor the animals and to monitor any signs of distress.
Entry into the cafe is staggered over 15 minutes so as to not overwhelm the animals.
"We want to keep an eye on them, as we need to take a long time to make sure this is working," said Ms Pears.

Summary: London's first cat cafe has opened to such a huge demand that it is fully booked for its first two months.
###
Article: Scientists and charities say the human papilloma virus (HPV) jab will protect them from head and neck cancers.
HPV is sexually transmitted and girls aged 12 and 13 receive the vaccine to protect them against cervical cancer.
The Welsh government said it is waiting for advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation.
Charities including Tenovus Cancer Care and organisations such as BMA Cymru and Cardiff University's HPV research team will deliver a letter to the Welsh government on Monday calling for the vaccination to be rolled out.
They told BBC Radio Wales' Eye on Wales programme the number of head and neck cancer cases are increasing.
Dr Mererid Evans, consultant oncologist at Velindre Hospital in Cardiff, said: "I've seen a difference in demographics over the last ten years.
"These are younger people with families, and three-quarters of those affected are men. The average age is 55 and most are non-smokers."
Jon Antoniazzi, from Tenovus Cancer Care, added: "HPV causes 5% of the global cancer burden.
"What the Welsh government could be doing right now is taking a progressive step to stem the tide of these cancers, and show that it really takes the public health of its citizens seriously.
"We urge them to diverge from central thinking and vaccinate boys now."
In 2008, a vaccination programme was rolled out in schools and 85% of girls in Wales have been vaccinated.
The Welsh government said: "We will await the committee's recommendations and will consider the implications for Wales of any proposed changes to the HPV vaccination programme."

Summary:


A report has found the police control room service has "performed well" after closing its Dumfries site and moving provision to Glasgow and Motherwell.

Article: Pre-tax profits in the year to 30 September fell 27.9% to £495m, but it was in line with a warning given last month. Passenger numbers rose 6.6%.
Sterling's weakness, the impact on air travel of terror attacks, and air traffic control strikes hit trade.
Easyjet also confirmed it is setting up a continental-based airline ahead of the UK's exit from the EU.
Although passenger numbers rose 6.6% to 73.1 million, revenues fell 0.4% to £4.67bn as the airline cut fares.
Easyjet's chief executive, Carolyn McCall, told the BBC that the rise in passengers and an increase in the load factor - the airline's ability to fill seats - showed that there was no lack of demand.
But the carrier had suffered a series of "external shocks", she said. These included the impact on air travel of terror attacks across Europe, Egypt and Tunisia, air traffic control strikes in France and political turmoil in Turkey.
The airline has also been hit by sterling's sharp depreciation since the Brexit referendum. In the face of these issues, "EasyJet achieved a resilient performance," she said.
Ms McCall also confirmed that Easyjet is in the process of setting up a separate airline based on the European mainland, in readiness for when the UK leaves the EU.
Current EU flying rights might have to be renegotiated and the new company would ensure Easyjet could operate within the EU.
She said: "We are not saying there will be no agreement. We just don't know the shape or form. We don't have the luxury of waiting. But we have to take control of our own future."
There was no question of job cuts or moving from the current headquarters at Luton, she said. It was about registering aircraft and "securing flying rights".
Easyjet has built its success on flights from the UK to Europe, and now the company is poised to make a trip of its own to the Continent. To get round the regulatory complications of Britain's Brexit vote, it has to set up an organisation majority-owned and controlled by nationals and organisations inside the European Union.
Many had...

Summary: Easyjet's profits have tumbled during what the airline described as a year of "significant challenges".
###
Article: Antimatter particles are the "mirror image" of normal matter, but with opposite electric charge.
How antimatter responds to gravity remains a mystery, however; it may "fall up" rather than down.
Now researchers reporting in Nature Communications have made strides toward finally resolving that notion.
Antimatter presents one of the biggest mysteries in physics, in that equal amounts of matter and antimatter should have been created at the Universe's beginning.
Yet when the two meet, they destroy each other in what is called annihilation, turning into pure light.
Why the Universe we see today is made overwhelmingly of matter, with only tiny amounts of antimatter, has prompted a number of studies to try to find some difference between the two.
Tests at Cern's LHCb experiment and elsewhere, for example, have been looking for evidence that exotic particles decay more often into matter than antimatter.
Last week, the LHCb team reported a slight difference in the decay of particles called Bs mesons - but still not nearly enough to explain the matter mystery.
One significant difference between the two may be the way they interact with gravity - antimatter may be repelled by matter, rather than attracted to it.
But it is a difference that no one has been able to test - until the advent of Cern's Alpha experiment.
Alpha is an acronym for Antihydrogen Laser Physics Apparatus - an experiment designed to build and trap antimatter "atoms".
Just as hydrogen is made of a proton and an electron, antihydrogen is an atom made of their antimatter counterparts antiprotons and positrons.
The trick is not just in making it, but in making it hang around long enough to study it - before it bumps into any matter and annihilates.
In 2010 the Alpha team did just that, and in 2011 they showed they could keep antihydrogen atoms trapped for 1,000 seconds.
The team has now gone back to their existing data on 434 antihydrogen atoms, with the antigravity question in mind.
"In the course of all the experiments, we release (the antihydrogen...

Summary: Researchers at Cern in Switzerland have tested a novel way to find out if antimatter is the source of a force termed "antigravity".
###
Article: In its security advisory, Adobe said one of the bugs was being actively exploited in a "limited number of targeted attacks".
In total, the patch closes 23 separate security bugs in the Flash player.
Attackers abusing the security holes would be able to take over a computer to steal useful data or spy on the machine's owner.
The update urges people to apply the patch as soon as possible because many of the problems are rated as critical - the highest level.
The holes are found in Flash as well as versions of other Adobe programs used on many different platforms and devices. At risk devices include Windows machines, Macs and Linux computers as well as phones running Android and iOS.
Adobe was alerted to the problems with its Flash player by many different security researchers including experts at Google, Microsoft, Kaspersky Labs and Alibaba.
Many security firms now recommend that people uninstall the Flash player to avoid falling victim to malicious attachments or booby-trapped webpages. A lot of web firms have now stopped using Flash in a bid to thwart attackers.
Several other companies issued big security patches this week. Firefox's update closed 40 separate vulnerabilities, more than half of which were rated as critical.
In addition, Google issued an update for Chrome that, among other things, closed three security holes rated as "high" severity. It paid bug bounties totalling $13,000 (Â£9,000) to the two researchers who uncovered the loopholes.
On Tuesday, Microsoft issued its regular monthly security update that tackled 13 problems in several different programs including the Internet Explorer and Edge browsers.

Summary: Adobe has issued an emergency patch for its Flash media player that closes loopholes in the widely used software.
###
Article: The offer values the firm at $715m Australian dollars ($524m; £347m).
Last December, Transfield Services rejected an offer from Ferrovial that valued the firm at about A$1bn.
Monday's takeover bid is for $1.35 per Broadspectrum share.
The takeover offer was made by a local subsidiary of Ferrovial and saw Broadspectrum's shares rise more than 50% on the news.
Broadspectrum later asked its shareholders not to take any action and said it would advise them of its views "shortly".
Transfield Services changed its name to Broadspectrum after its privately-owned former parent firm, Transfield Holdings, withdrew its permission for the detention centre operator to use its brand.
The company operates in several sectors including infrastructure, property, defence and financial services.
It employs more than 25,000 people and has contracts to run Australia's offshore detention centres on Papua New Guinea's Manus Island and on Nauru in the Pacific. Both centres have come under criticism for the way they have been managed.
Ferrovia's chief executive Inigo Meiras said if their takeover offer was successful, it would represent "a solid step in Ferrovial's strategy to expand its global footprint and the group's presence in Australia".
"Ferrovial has a proven track record of disciplined acquisitions and successful integrations," he added.
The offer is subject to approval by Australia's Foreign Investment Review Board.

Summary: Spanish infrastructure firm Ferrovial SA has made an all-cash takeover bid for the Australia detention centre operator Broadspectrum - formerly Transfield Services.
###
Article: The south of Scotland facility shut last year despite a local campaign for its retention.
A report to Dumfries and Galloway Council said the new service was proving of a "high standard".
However, it said changes to IT systems meant "direct performance comparisons" were not possible.
The Dumfries site was the first of a number of control centres across Scotland to be shut as part of plans to modernise the service.
The union Unison described it as a "sad day" for the town and more than 30 staff involved.
A review of its impact has claimed that many figures could not be directly compared between the old service and the new one.
It did find satisfaction levels were "consistently above 90%".
The report also revealed that just nine out of the 34 staff affected now remained with Police Scotland.
It concluded that the public and police officers in Dumfries and Galloway had benefited from the larger operating model and more modern IT systems.
Although it had been a "significant change", the report's verdict was that it had performed "to the satisfaction of the public".
What do you think? Have you phoned the police control room service since the Dumfries site was closed? Has it performed well? Email your thoughts todumfries@bbc.co.uk

Summary:


The value of the world's gold reserves has fallen by more than half in the last year, according to a new report.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) said the value of the world's gold reserves fell by more than half in the last year, to $1.1tn (£1.2tn

You might have heard of pirates finding treasure - but real people don't find it anymore, right?

Article: The value of sales increased by 0.6% on the previous quarter, but were flat over the year.
Sales volumes rose 0.8% in the second quarter and grew by 2.4% annually.
Scotland was slightly ahead of the rest of Britain in volume terms for the quarter but lagged just behind in value, according to Retail Sales Index figures from the chief statistician.
Sales at large retail businesses, those with at least 250 employees, which account for about 70% of retail industry sales, remained at the same level, with no growth during April to July compared with the previous quarter.
Small and medium stores, which account for the remaining 30% of sales, saw an increase in sales volumes of 1.5%.
Deputy First Minister John Swinney said the figures showed a "positive picture".
He added: "We are working hard to support Scotland's retailers, with the most competitive business tax environment anywhere in the UK, with 96,000 properties across all sectors of the Scottish economy paying zero or reduced business rates.
"There is positive business survey evidence and wider consumer sentiment which suggests a continued positive outlook for retail sales in Scotland."
The Scottish Retail Consortium said the resumption of growth in retail sales in the second quarter was "heartening".
Director David Lonsdale added: "However, with the value of retail sales over the past year as a whole decidedly flat, this suggests a continuing fragility to consumer confidence in Scotland, despite lower prices in shops and average pay rises outstripping inflation.
"The prospects for retailers are ultimately determined by the state of the economy and their own ability to adapt and seize on the opportunities that arise.
"However, these figures do bring into sharp focus big upcoming decisions which could affect disposable incomes and take home pay, notably the setting of the new Scottish Rate of Income Tax in next month's Scottish Budget and the unveiling this autumn of the promised replacement of council tax."

Summary: Retail sales in Scotland rose slightly in the second quarter of this year, according to new figures.
###
Article: In that time the annual cost has risen 43%, with councils spending £851m on temporary housing in 2015 alone.
Homeless charity Crisis said the number of people in temporary accommodation was rising at an "alarming rate".
The government said temporary housing "ensures people have a roof over their head".
But the Local Government Association said the costs were "unsustainable".
Temporary accommodation is provided to households that councils accept are homeless, but the criteria for who is eligible varies between nations.
This includes bed and breakfasts, hostels and private rented accommodation.
Most of the cost - and the increase - has occurred in the overheated London housing market, figures obtained by the BBC through the Freedom of Information Act show.
Almost two thirds of the £3.5bn (61%) has been spent in the capital, while 85% of the increase in costs since 2011-12 also occurred there.
Just 10 London boroughs accounted for two thirds of the total increase in spending over the past four years.
Scotland spent more on temporary accommodation (£750m) than England when London is excluded (£578m).
Lucy Surridge has spent nine weeks living in a hostel in Dagenham, east London, with her 11-year-old daughter and six-year-old son.
A full-time school chef, she was made homeless when her landlady sold the property.
The 29-year-old approached several estate agents but they told her she would need to earn £38,500 before they would consider renting to her.
She was told she would also need £3,500 in deposit, fees and the first month's rent.
"I think everyone thinks 'it'll never happen to me'.
"I made sure I paid all my bills on time - I wasn't in any arrears for anything.
"But even that didn't secure me from being evicted and having nowhere else to go. You get priced out of being able to move on."
Total spending by Scottish councils has remained fairly constant since 2011-12, at around £150m a year.
While the number of homeless people in Scotland has fallen slightly in recent years, a lack of stock is leaving families...

Summary: Councils in Britain have spent more than £3.5bn on temporary accommodation for homeless families in the last five years, data obtained by the BBC shows.
###
Article: They said it would be "prudent to await additional evidence... that a recent slowdown in the pace of economic activity had been transitory".
Markets have been expecting a rate rise at the Federal Reserve's June meeting.
The dollar dipped following the release of the minutes.
It was down by nearly 0.2% against the Dollar Index, a basket of foreign currencies.
Most officials on the Federal Open Market Committee of rate setters still expect to raise interest rates "soon".
Gus Faucher, economist at Pennsylvania-based PNC Financial Services, said he was surprised to see the dollar fall.
He thinks new economic reports since the meeting, including jobs, bolster the case for a rate rise. He's calling for a June increase and a second one by the end of the year.
"I think the data we've gotten since the meeting have indicated that those factors were indeed transitory, so given all of that, I would expect to see a rate increase," Mr Faucher said. "This is in line with expectations."
Some members of the Federal Reserve committee believe the global outlook has brightened, according to the minutes.
But "significant uncertainty" remains about the policies the government is likely to adopt under President Donald Trump, they said.
Amid the housing and financial crisis, the Federal Reserve lowered interest rates to boost the economy. They remain at record lows, with the committee raising rates just three times since the crisis, most recently in March.
The officials are also divided about what action they should take in the future.
Some members said there might be need for a more gradual approach to raising interest rates, noting that inflation has failed to accelerate as expected.
Others said more rapid action would be appropriate if, for example, wages started to rise or there were large changes to other US policies.
The minutes also signalled the Federal Reserve remains on track to trim its nearly $4.5 trillion portfolio, much of it in US treasuries and mortgage-backed securities, starting this year.
The holdings are a legacy...

Summary: US central bank policymakers want to see proof the country's economic slowdown is temporary before they raise interest rates, according to minutes of their latest meeting.
###
Article: Silver City Tech sent more than three million unsolicited messages to people across the UK in five months, the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) said.
The Dorset-based firm was probed as part of an investigation prompted by complaints about nuisance texts.
Oracle Insurance Brokers, which sent 136,000 texts, was also fined £30,000.
'Like postmen'
Bournemouth-based Silver City Tech, and London firm Oracle Insurance Brokers, sent messages inviting people to apply for short-term loans.
An example of the type of message Silver City Tech sent is: "Maxine, we have received your details and could arrange £500 over six months. Click for cash. 1270% rep APR, 292% int. Stop2 opt out."
Both companies told ICO investigators it was a third party company which had sent the texts on their behalf - a practice known as affiliate marketing.
However, it was the firms' responsibility to check that the recipients had specifically consented to receiving marketing texts, the watchdog said.
Andy Curry, ICO enforcement group manager, said: "Affiliate firms are like postmen, delivering the message.
"It's the people behind the message whose job it is to make sure it complies with the law."

Summary: A firm which sent millions of spam texts offering easy access high-interest loans has been fined £100,000.
###
Article: 26 April 2017 Last updated at 08:41 BST
Well actually they do - and treasure has been found in pretty unexpected places.
Whitney's had a look at some of the biggest hauls.

Summary: